Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies. a. INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim financial statements of the Company contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of the dates and for the periods presented. Accordingly, these statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in the 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed by the Company with the SEC. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period or for the full 2016 fiscal year. b. USE OF ESTIMATES. c. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS. d. CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT. e. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS. f. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS. g. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS. h. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS. Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using Balances as of Quoted Prices in Significant Significant Money market funds $ 18,267,849 $ 18,267,849 $ — $ — Certificates of deposit $ 2,767,946 $ — $ 2,767,946 $ — Short-term investments $ 26,537,413 $ 26,537,413 $ — $ — Warrants liability $ 122,224 $ — $ — $ 122,224 Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using Balances as of Quoted Prices in Significant Significant Money market funds $ 25,157,601 $ 25,157,601 $ — $ — Certificates of deposit $ 3,717,229 $ — $ 3,717,229 $ — Short-term investments $ 26,444,150 $ 26,444,150 $ — $ — Warrants liability $ 1,008,363 $ — $ — $ 1,008,363 i. WARRANTS LIABILITY. j. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION. As of June 30, 2016, there were outstanding stock options to purchase 5,148,333 shares of common stock, of which stock options to purchase 2,208,328 shares of common stock were exercisable as of June 30, 2016. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows: Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Research and development $ 164,392 $ 73,203 $ 258,175 $ 140,144 General and administrative 192,877 290,692 557,063 538,202 Total stock-based compensation $ 357,269 $ 363,895 $ 815,238 $ 678,346 k. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS). l. NET LOSS PER SHARE. June 30, 2016 2015 Options to purchase common stock 5,148,333 3,370,000 Warrants to purchase common stock 2,407,663 2,781,793 Unvested restricted stock 53,334 80,000 Potential equivalent common stock excluded 7,609,330 6,231,793 Potentially dilutive options to purchase common stock as of both June 30, 2016 and 2015 have exercise prices ranging from $0.47 to $4.64. Potentially dilutive warrants to purchase common stock as of both June 30, 2016 and 2015 have exercise prices ranging from $1.04 to $2.08 and expire in periods between May 2017 and August 2017. m. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS. Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) In March, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting |