Stock-based Compensation | Note 4—Stock-based Compensation The Company's 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance cash awards to employees, directors and consultants. The number of shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan may be increased annually by an amount equal to the lesser of 7,050,000 shares of common stock, 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or such other amount as determined by the Company's Board of Directors. The Board of Directors approved an increase of 2,814,083 shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan as of January 4, 2016. Any awards issued under the 2015 Plan that are forfeited by the participant will become available for future grant under the 2015 Plan. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock initially reserved for issuance under the 2015 Plan equaled the sum of 14,100,000 shares plus up to 12,653,075 shares reserved for issuance or subject to outstanding awards under the 2006 Stock Plan. At September 30, 2016 , 17,549,262 shares were authorized under the 2015 Plan, and 14,028,358 shares were available for future grant. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 , the Company granted nonqualified stock options and RSUs to eligible participants. Options have a term of 10 years . For both options and RSUs, vesting is typically over a four -year period and is contingent upon continued employment with the Company on each vesting date. In general, for newly-hired employees, options vest 25% after the first year of service and ratably each month over the remaining 36 -month period. In general, for current employees who receive an additional grant, options vest ratably each month over a 48 -month period. In general, for newly-hired employees, RSUs vest 25% after the first year following the vesting commencement date, which is the first day of the fiscal quarter closest to the date of grant, and then vest ratably each quarter over the remaining 12 -quarter period. In general, for current employees who receive an additional grant, RSUs vest ratably each quarter over a 16 -quarter period following the vesting commencement date, which is the first day of the fiscal quarter closest to the date of grant . The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the inputs below. Prior to the IPO, the Company utilized equity valuations based on comparable publicly-traded companies, discounted free cash flows, an analysis of the Company's enterprise value and any other factors deemed relevant in estimating the fair value of its common stock. Subsequent to the IPO, the Company has used the closing price of its common stock on Nasdaq as the fair value of its common stock. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for time periods that approximate the expected life of the option awards. Expected volatilities are based on implied volatilities from market comparisons of certain publicly traded companies and other factors. The expected term of stock options granted has been determined using the simplified method, which uses the midpoint between the vesting date and the contractual term. The requisite service period is generally four years from the date of grant. The fair value of RSUs is determined based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on Nasdaq on the grant date. The fair value of options granted in each year using the Black-Scholes pricing model has been based on the following assumptions: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2015 2016 2015 2016 Volatility 44.1% - 44.7% 39.6% 40.4% - 45.0% 39.6% - 44.6% Risk-free interest rate 1.7% - 1.9% 1.1% - 1.5% 1.3% - 1.9% 1.1% - 1.9% Expected term (in years) 6.0 - 6.1 6.3 5.5 - 6.1 5.5 - 6.3 Dividend rate —% —% —% —% The following table summarizes the activity for the Company's options: Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contract Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding at December 31, 2015 11,068,859 $ 6.94 Granted 1,478,569 8.95 Exercised (1,961,245 ) 3.98 Forfeited/Canceled (873,143 ) 9.50 Outstanding at September 30, 2016 9,713,040 7.61 6.60 $ 68,001,717 Total exercisable at September 30, 2016 6,563,414 5.95 5.66 56,041,779 Total vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2016 9,523,368 7.54 6.56 67,355,632 The following table summarizes the weighted average grant date fair value of options granted, intrinsic value of options exercised and fair value of awards vested in the the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016 : Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2015 2016 2015 2016 Weighted average grant date fair value of options granted $ 6.70 $ 4.84 $ 7.07 $ 3.89 Intrinsic value of options exercised 1,363,740 8,129,031 12,043,023 14,239,206 Fair value of awards vested 2,231,820 1,702,647 5,824,711 7,911,377 The total unrecognized compensation at September 30, 2016 was $15.1 million , which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.54 years. The following table summarizes the activity for the Company's unvested RSUs: Shares Weighted-Average Unvested at December 31, 2015 395,846 $ 13.70 Granted 2,769,633 9.82 Vested (152,888 ) 10.90 Forfeited/Canceled (160,348 ) 9.76 Unvested at September 30, 2016 2,852,243 10.31 Total expected to vest at September 30, 2016 2,630,522 10.39 The total unrecognized compensation at September 30, 2016 was $27.7 million , which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.43 years. Total stock-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statements of operations is as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2015 2016 2015 2016 Cost of revenue $ 149 $ 288 $ 681 $ 738 Marketing 120 229 349 628 Product development 756 1,234 1,981 3,117 General and administrative 1,898 2,334 6,706 7,107 Total stock-based compensation expense $ 2,923 $ 4,085 $ 9,717 $ 11,590 Total stock-based compensation expense in the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016 includes $0.7 million and $1.1 million in acquisition-related stock-based compensation expense, respectively. Total stock-based compensation expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016 includes $3.2 million and $2.6 million in acquisition-related stock-based compensation expense, respectively. |