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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2008
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 001-33376
GSC Investment Corp.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland | 20-8700615 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer | |
incorporation or organization) | Identification Number) |
888 Seventh Ave
New York, New York 10019
(Address of principal executive offices)
New York, New York 10019
(Address of principal executive offices)
(212) 884-6200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: YESþ NOo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer þ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YESo NOþ
The number of outstanding common shares of the registrant as of October 10, 2008 was 8,291,384.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
GSC Investment Corp.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of | ||||||||
August 31, 2008 | February 29, 2008 | |||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Investments at fair value | ||||||||
Non-control/non-affiliate investments (amortized cost of $150,104,717 and $162,888,724, respectively) | $ | 127,857,819 | $ | 143,745,269 | ||||
Control investments (amortized cost of $30,000,000 and $30,000,000, respectively) | 25,899,553 | 29,075,299 | ||||||
Affiliate investments (amortized cost of $0 and $0, respectively) | 16,233 | 16,233 | ||||||
Total investments at fair value (amortized cost of $180,104,717 and $192,888,724, respectively) | 153,773,605 | 172,836,801 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 4,858,988 | 1,072,641 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, securitization accounts | 6,264,386 | 14,580,973 | ||||||
Outstanding interest rate cap at fair value (cost of $131,000 and $131,000, respectively) | 48,408 | 76,734 | ||||||
Interest receivable | 2,885,148 | 2,355,122 | ||||||
Due from manager | — | 940,903 | ||||||
Deferred credit facility financing costs, net | 634,337 | 723,231 | ||||||
Management fee receivable | 229,736 | 215,914 | ||||||
Other assets | 135,050 | 39,349 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 168,829,658 | $ | 192,841,668 | ||||
LIABILITIES | ||||||||
Revolving credit facility | $ | 66,250,000 | $ | 78,450,000 | ||||
Payable for unsettled trades | 4,667,738 | 11,329,150 | ||||||
Dividend payable | 3,233,640 | 3,233,640 | ||||||
Management and incentive fees payable | 2,008,875 | 943,061 | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 821,626 | 713,422 | ||||||
Interest and credit facility fees payable | 198,210 | 292,307 | ||||||
Due to manager | 3,982 | 11,048 | ||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 77,184,071 | $ | 94,972,628 | ||||
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Common stock, par value $.0001 per share, 100,000,000 common shares authorized, 8,291,384 and 8,291,384 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 829 | 829 | ||||||
Capital in excess of par value | 116,218,966 | 116,218,966 | ||||||
Accumulated undistributed net investment income | 639,002 | 455,576 | ||||||
Accumulated undistributed net realized gain from investments and derivatives | 1,200,493 | 1,299,858 | ||||||
Net unrealized depreciation on investments and derivatives | (26,413,703 | ) | (20,106,189 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 91,645,587 | 97,869,040 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 168,829,658 | $ | 192,841,668 | ||||
NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE | $ | 11.05 | $ | 11.80 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GSC Investment Corp.
Consolidated Statement of Operations
For the three months | For the six months | |||||||||||||||
ended August 31 | ended August 31 | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | (unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||||
INVESTMENT INCOME | ||||||||||||||||
Interest from investments | ||||||||||||||||
Non-Control/Non-Affiliate investments | $ | 4,144,437 | $ | 5,725,983 | $ | 8,603,561 | $ | 9,406,828 | ||||||||
Control investments | 1,111,003 | — | 1,746,389 | — | ||||||||||||
Total interest income | 5,255,440 | 5,725,983 | 10,349,950 | 9,406,828 | ||||||||||||
Interest from cash and cash equivalents | 36,008 | 154,946 | 102,697 | 175,997 | ||||||||||||
Management fee income | 489,148 | — | 1,011,887 | 383,562 | ||||||||||||
Other income | 54,279 | 695 | 82,494 | 17,298 | ||||||||||||
Total investment income | 5,834,875 | 5,881,624 | 11,547,028 | 9,983,685 | ||||||||||||
EXPENSES | ||||||||||||||||
Interest and credit facility financing expenses | 623,611 | 1,450,870 | 1,456,809 | 2,171,635 | ||||||||||||
Base management fees | 705,532 | 918,157 | 1,454,031 | 1,278,645 | ||||||||||||
Professional fees | 315,130 | 321,678 | 660,589 | 864,294 | ||||||||||||
Administrator expenses | 260,946 | — | 509,344 | — | ||||||||||||
Incentive management fees | 407,027 | (18,546 | ) | 747,134 | 340,822 | |||||||||||
Insurance | 177,162 | 157,388 | 344,648 | 275,429 | ||||||||||||
Directors fees | 73,276 | 82,750 | 139,885 | 178,840 | ||||||||||||
General & administrative | 77,904 | 130,213 | 142,941 | 175,905 | ||||||||||||
Cost of acquiring management contract | — | — | — | 144,000 | ||||||||||||
Organizational expense | — | — | — | 22,868 | ||||||||||||
Expenses before manager expense waiver and reimbursement | 2,640,588 | 3,042,510 | 5,455,381 | 5,452,438 | ||||||||||||
Expense reimbursement | (260,946 | ) | (317,676 | ) | (559,059 | ) | (583,442 | ) | ||||||||
Total expenses net of expense waiver and reimbursement | 2,379,642 | 2,724,834 | 4,896,322 | 4,868,996 | ||||||||||||
NET INVESTMENT INCOME | 3,455,233 | 3,156,790 | 6,650,706 | 5,114,689 | ||||||||||||
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS: | ||||||||||||||||
Net realized gain/(loss) from investments | 173,681 | 424,187 | (129,819 | ) | 1,445,255 | |||||||||||
Net realized gain from derivatives | 14,364 | — | 30,454 | — | ||||||||||||
Net unrealized depreciation on investments | (6,194,371 | ) | (4,369,060 | ) | (6,279,188 | ) | (3,618,259 | ) | ||||||||
Net unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on derivatives | (16,328 | ) | 5,973 | (28,326 | ) | (44,047 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss on investments | (6,022,654 | ) | (3,938,900 | ) | (6,406,879 | ) | (2,217,051 | ) | ||||||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS | $ | (2,567,421 | ) | $ | (782,110 | ) | $ | 243,827 | $ | 2,897,638 | ||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE — BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE | $ | (0.31 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.37 | ||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON STOCK OUTSTANDING — BASIC AND DILUTED | 8,291,384 | 8,291,384 | 8,291,384 | 7,938,438 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GSC Investment Corp.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
August 31, 2008
(Unaudited)
% of | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment Interest | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||
Company (a, c) | Industry | Rate/Maturity | Principal | Cost | Fair Value | Equity | ||||||||||||||
Non-control/Non-affiliated investments - 139.5% (b) | ||||||||||||||||||||
EuroFresh Inc. (d) | Agriculture | Unsecured Notes 11.50%, 1/15/2013 | $ | 7,000,000 | $ | 6,898,688 | $ | 4,742,500 | 5.2 | % | ||||||||||
GFSI Inc (d) | Apparel | Senior Secured Notes 10.50%, 6/1/2011 | 7,425,000 | 7,425,000 | 6,831,000 | 7.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Legacy Cabinets, Inc. (d) | Building Products | First Lien Term Loan 7.06%, 8/18/2012 | 1,444,927 | 1,425,818 | 975,326 | 1.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Legacy Cabinets, Inc. (d) | Building Products | Second Lien Term Loan 11.06%, 8/18/2013 | 1,862,420 | 1,825,915 | 931,210 | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Building Products | 3,307,347 | 3,251,733 | 1,906,536 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||||||
Lyondell Chemical Company (d) | Chemicals | First Lien Term Loan 6.75%, 12/20/2013 | 2,000,000 | 1,685,000 | 1,670,000 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||||||
Hopkins Manufacturing Corporation (d) | Consumer Products | Second Lien Term Loan 9.72%, 1/26/2012 | 3,250,000 | 3,246,336 | 3,112,850 | 3.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Targus Group International, Inc. (d) | Consumer Products | First Lien Term Loan 6.56%, 11/22/2012 | 3,122,943 | 2,871,352 | 2,381,244 | 2.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Targus Group International, Inc. (d) | Consumer Products | Second Lien Term Loan 11.35%, 5/22/2013 | 5,000,000 | 4,759,981 | 3,425,000 | 3.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Consumer Products | 11,372,943 | 10,877,669 | 8,919,094 | 9.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
CFF Acquisition LLC (d) | Consumer Services | First Lien Term Loan 6.45%, 7/31/2013 | 389,545 | 389,545 | 359,861 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||
M/C Communications, LLC (d) | Education | First Lien Term Loan 5.28%, 12/31/2010 | 1,694,180 | 1,560,138 | 804,736 | 0.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Advanced Lighting Technologies, Inc. (d) | Electronics | Second Lien Term Loan 8.47%, 6/1/2014 | 2,000,000 | 1,749,890 | 1,766,000 | 1.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Group Dekko (d) | Electronics | Second Lien Term Loan 8.47%, 1/20/2012 | 6,670,000 | 6,670,000 | 6,109,720 | 6.7 | % | |||||||||||||
IPC Systems, Inc. (d) | Electronics | First Lien Term Loan 5.05%, 5/31/2014 | 49,500 | 44,832 | 36,714 | 0.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Electronics | 8,719,500 | 8,464,722 | 7,912,434 | 8.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
USS Mergerco, Inc. (d) | Environmental | Second Lien Term Loan 7.05%, 6/29/2013 | 5,960,000 | 5,836,806 | 4,773,960 | 5.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Bankruptcy Management Solutions, Inc. (d) | Financial Services | Second Lien Term Loan 8.72%, 7/31/2013 | 4,912,500 | 4,880,199 | 3,659,813 | 4.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Big Train, Inc. (d) | Food and Beverage | First Lien Term Loan 6.97%, 3/31/2012 | 2,578,323 | 1,649,135 | 1,779,043 | 2.0 | % | |||||||||||||
IDI Acquisition Corp. (d) | Healthcare Services | Senior Secured Notes 10.75%, 12/15/2011 | 3,800,000 | 3,598,153 | 2,959,440 | 3.2 | % | |||||||||||||
PRACS Institute, LTD (d) | Healthcare Services | Second Lien Term Loan 9.32%, 4/17/2013 | 4,093,750 | 4,041,858 | 3,758,063 | 4.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Healthcare Services | 7,893,750 | 7,640,011 | 6,717,503 | 7.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
McMillin Companies LLC (d) | Homebuilding | Senior Secured Notes 9.53%, 4/30/2012 | 7,700,000 | 7,243,620 | 5,798,100 | 6.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Asurion Corporation (d) | Insurance | First Lien Term Loan 5.73%, 7/3/2014 | 2,000,000 | 1,684,249 | 1,872,000 | 2.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Worldwide Express Operations, LLC (d) | Logistics | First Lien Term Loan 6.71%, 6/30/2013 | 2,836,068 | 2,830,278 | 2,467,379 | 2.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Jason Incorporated (d) | Manufacturing | Unsecured Notes 13.00%, 11/1/2010 | 12,000,000 | 12,000,000 | 11,088,000 | 12.1 | % |
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% of | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment Interest | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||
Company (a, c) | Industry | Rate/Maturity | Principal | Cost | Fair Value | Equity | ||||||||||||||
Jason Incorporated (d) | Manufacturing | Unsecured Notes 13.00%, 11/1/2010 | 1,700,000 | 1,700,000 | 1,570,800 | 1.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Specialized Technology Resources, Inc. (d) | Manufacturing | Second Lien Term Loan 9.47%, 12/15/2014 | 5,000,000 | 4,755,404 | 4,875,000 | 5.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Manufacturing | 18,700,000 | 18,455,404 | 17,533,800 | 19.1 | % | |||||||||||||||
Blaze Recycling & Metals, LLC (d) | Metals | Senior Secured Notes 10.88%, 7/15/2012 | 2,500,000 | 2,493,698 | 2,534,500 | 2.8 | % | |||||||||||||
Elyria Foundry Company, LLC (d) | Metals | Senior Secured Notes 13.00%, 3/1/2013 | 5,000,000 | 4,840,578 | 4,687,500 | 5.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Elyria Foundry Company, LLC (d) | Metals | Warrants | — | — | 243,450 | 0.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Metals | 7,500,000 | 7,334,276 | 7,465,450 | 8.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada (d, e) | Natural Resources | First Lien Term Loan 11.50%, 3/30/2009 | 2,948,640 | 2,886,606 | 2,943,922 | 3.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Grant U.S. Holdings LLP (d, e) | Natural Resources | Second Lien Term Loan 10.50%, 9/20/2013 | 5,823,497 | 5,823,315 | 4,212,135 | 4.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Natural Resources | 8,772,137 | 8,709,921 | 7,156,057 | 7.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
Edgen Murray II, L.P. (d) | Oil and Gas | Second Lien Term Loan 9.06%, 5/11/2015 | 3,000,000 | 2,807,115 | 2,745,000 | 3.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Energy Alloys, LLC (d) | Oil and Gas | Second Lien Term Loan 11.75%, 10/5/2012 | 6,200,000 | 6,200,000 | 5,948,900 | 6.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Oil and Gas | 9,200,000 | 9,007,115 | 8,693,900 | 9.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Atlantis Plastics Films, Inc. (d, f) | Packaging | First Lien Term Loan 7.54%, 9/22/2011 | 6,482,741 | 6,461,960 | 3,500,680 | 3.8 | % | |||||||||||||
Stronghaven, Inc. (d) | Packaging | Second Lien Term Loan 11.00%, 10/31/2010 | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | 2,406,250 | 2.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. (d, e) | Packaging | Senior Secured Notes 12.50%, 6/15/2009 | 4,850,000 | 4,851,466 | 3,540,500 | 3.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. (d, e) | Packaging | Senior Secured Notes 12.50%, 6/15/2009 | 5,087,250 | 5,090,694 | 3,713,693 | 4.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. (d, e) | Packaging | Senior Secured Notes 12.83%, 6/15/2009 | 500,000 | 499,107 | 365,000 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Packaging | 19,419,991 | 19,403,227 | 13,526,123 | 14.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
Custom Direct, Inc. (d) | Printing | First Lien Term Loan 5.55%, 12/31/2013 | 2,060,099 | 1,593,731 | 1,596,576 | 1.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Advanstar Communications Inc. (d) | Publishing | First Lien Term Loan 5.05%, 5/31/2014 | 1,980,000 | 1,534,046 | 1,458,666 | 1.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Affinity Group, Inc. (d) | Publishing | First Lien Term Loan 5.29%, 6/24/2009 | 478,747 | 458,770 | 450,022 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Affinity Group, Inc. (d) | Publishing | First Lien Term Loan 5.30%, 6/24/2009 | 515,289 | 493,641 | 484,371 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Brown Publishing Company (d) | Publishing | Second Lien Term Loan 10.31%, 9/19/2014 | 1,203,226 | 1,197,959 | 986,645 | 1.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Network Communications, Inc. (d) | Publishing | Unsecured Notes 10.75%, 12/1/2013 | 5,000,000 | 5,088,812 | 3,597,000 | 3.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Penton Media, Inc. (d) | Publishing | First Lien Term Loan 5.04%, 2/1/2013 | 4,922,576 | 3,635,198 | 3,735,250 | 4.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Publishing | 14,099,838 | 12,408,426 | 10,711,954 | 11.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
GXS Worldwide, Inc. (d) | Software | Second Lien Term Loan 10.52%, 9/30/2013 | 1,000,000 | 875,824 | 960,000 | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Sub Total Non-control/Non-affiliated investments | 150,104,717 | 127,857,819 | 139.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Control investments - 28.3% (b) | ||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP (i) | Financial Services | 100% General Partnership interest | — | 160,153 | 0.2 | % |
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% of | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment Interest | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||
Company (a, c) | Industry | Rate/Maturity | Principal | Cost | Fair Value | Equity | ||||||||||||||
GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007 LTD. (g, i) | Structured Finance Securities | Other/Structured Finance Securities 20.22%, 1/21/2020 | 30,000,000 | 30,000,000 | 25,739,400 | 28.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Sub Total Control investments | 30,000,000 | 25,899,553 | 28.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Affiliate investments - 0.0% (b) | ||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP (h) | Financial Services | 6.24% Limited Partnership interest | — | 16,233 | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL INVESTMENT ASSETS - 167.8% (b) | $ | 180,104,717 | $ | 153,773,605 | 167.8 | % | ||||||||||||||
% of | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding interest rate cap | Interest rate | Maturity | Notional | Cost | Fair value | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
Interest rate cap | 8.0 | % | 2/9/2014 | $ | 40,000,000 | $ | 87,000 | $ | 31,813 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||
Interest rate cap | 8.0 | % | 11/30/2013 | 46,637,408 | 44,000 | 16,595 | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
Sub Total Outstanding interest rate cap | $ | 131,000 | $ | 48,408 | 0.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||
(a) | All of the Fund’s equity and debt investments are issued by eligible portfolio companies, as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, except Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada, Atlantis Plastics Films, Inc., Grant U.S. Holdings LLP, GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007, Terphane Holdings Corp., and GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP. | |
(b) | Percentages are based on net assets of $91,645,587 as of August 31, 2008. | |
(c) | Fair valued investment (see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements). | |
(d) | All or a portion of the securities are pledged as collateral under a revolving securitized credit facility (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements). | |
(e) | Non-U.S. company. The principal place of business for Terphane Holdings Corp is Brazil, and for Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada and Grant U.S. Holdings LLP is Canada. | |
(f) | Loan or debt security is on non-accural status and therefore is considered non-income producing. | |
(g) | 20.22% represents the modeled effective interest rate that is expected to be earned over the life of the investment. | |
(h) | As defined in the Investment Company Act, we are an “Affiliate” of this portfolio company because we own 5% or more of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities. Transactions during the period in which the issuer was an Affiliate are as follows: |
Interest | Management | Net Realized | Net unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company | Purchases | Redemptions | Sales (cost) | Income | fee income | gains/(losses) | gains/(losses) | |||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||||
(i) As defined in the Investment Company Act, we are an “Affiliate” of this portfolio company because we own 5% or more of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities. In addition, as defined in the Investment Company Act, we “Control” this portfolio company because we own more than 25% of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities. Transactions during the period in which the issuer was both an Affiliate and a portfolio company that we Control are as follows: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest | Management | Net Realized | Net unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company | Purchases | Redemptions | Sales (cost) | Income | fee income | gains/(losses) | gains/(losses) | |||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007 LTD. | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,746,389 | $ | 1,011,887 | $ | — | $ | (3,175,746 | ) | |||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GSC Investment Corp.
Consolidated Schedule of Investments
February 29, 2008
% of | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment Interest | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||
Company (a, c) | Industry | Rate/Maturity | Principal | Cost | Fair Value | Equity | ||||||||||||||
Non-control/Non-affiliated investments - 146.9% (b) | ||||||||||||||||||||
EuroFresh Inc. (d) | Agriculture | Unsecured Notes 11.50%, 1/15/2013 | $ | 7,000,000 | $ | 6,890,639 | $ | 3,850,000 | 3.9 | % | ||||||||||
GFSI Inc (d) | Apparel | Senior Secured Notes 10.50%, 6/1/2011 | 8,425,000 | 8,421,760 | 8,003,750 | 8.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Key Safety Systems (d) | Automotive | First Lien Term Loan 6.68%, 3/8/2014 | 2,500,000 | 1,837,500 | 1,875,000 | 1.9 | % | |||||||||||||
SILLC Holdings, LLC (d) | Automotive | Second Lien Term Loan 9.86%, 5/24/2011 | 23,049,210 | 22,865,049 | 20,283,305 | 20.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Automotive | 25,549,210 | 24,702,549 | 22,158,305 | 22.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Legacy Cabinets, Inc. (d) | Building Products | First Lien Term Loan 8.56%, 8/18/2012 | 1,871,500 | 1,847,290 | 1,403,625 | 1.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Legacy Cabinets, Inc. (d) | Building Products | Second Lien Term Loan 12.31%, 8/18/2013 | 2,400,000 | 2,354,989 | 1,560,000 | 1.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Building Products | 4,271,500 | 4,202,280 | 2,963,625 | 3.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Hopkins Manufacturing Corporation (d) | Consumer Products | Second Lien Term Loan 11.82%, 1/26/2012 | 3,250,000 | 3,245,793 | 3,152,500 | 3.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Targus Group International, Inc. (d) | Consumer Products | First Lien Term Loan 7.61%, 11/22/2012 | 3,408,271 | 3,095,060 | 2,851,701 | 2.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Targus Group International, Inc. (d) | Consumer Products | Second Lien Term Loan 13.35%, 5/22/2013 | 5,000,000 | 4,743,768 | 4,016,500 | 4.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Consumer Products | 11,658,271 | 11,084,621 | 10,020,701 | 10.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
Affinity Group, Inc. (d) | Consumer Services | First Lien Term Loan 5.62%, 6/24/2009 | 481,233 | 449,953 | 444,371 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Affinity Group, Inc. (d) | Consumer Services | First Lien Term Loan 5.74%, 6/24/2009 | 518,767 | 485,047 | 479,859 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||
CFF Acquisition LLC (d) | Consumer Services | First Lien Term Loan 8.77%, 7/31/2013 | 406,228 | 406,228 | 365,605 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Consumer Services | 1,406,228 | 1,341,228 | 1,289,835 | 1.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
M/C Communications, LLC (d) | Education | First Lien Term Loan 5.54%, 12/31/2010 | 1,736,766 | 1,571,773 | 1,545,721 | 1.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Group Dekko (d) | Electronics | Second Lien Term Loan 9.38%, 1/20/2012 | 6,670,000 | 6,670,000 | 6,336,500 | 6.5 | % | |||||||||||||
IPC Systems, Inc. (d) | Electronics | First Lien Term Loan 7.09%, 5/31/2014 | 49,750 | 44,647 | 40,497 | 0.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Electronics | 6,719,750 | 6,714,647 | 6,376,997 | 6.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
USS Mergerco, Inc. (d) | Environmental | Second Lien Term Loan 9.08%, 6/29/2013 | 5,960,000 | 5,827,121 | 5,066,000 | 5.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Bankruptcy Management Solutions, Inc. (d) | Financial Services | Second Lien Term Loan 9.37%, 7/31/2013 | 4,937,500 | 4,902,101 | 3,555,000 | 3.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Realogy Corp. (d) | Financial Services | First Lien Term Loan 6.11%, 10/10/2013 | 21,106 | 19,693 | 17,746 | 0.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Realogy Corp. (d) | Financial Services | First Lien Term Loan 7.51%, 10/10/2013 | 78,394 | 73,147 | 65,733 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Financial Services | 5,037,000 | 4,994,941 | 3,638,479 | 3.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
CCM Merger Inc. (d) | Gaming | First Lien Term Loan 6.35%, 7/13/2012 | 2,000,000 | 1,670,000 | 1,730,000 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||||||
IDI Acquisition Corp. (d) | Healthcare Services | Senior Secured Notes 10.75%, 12/15/2011 | 3,800,000 | 3,574,228 | 3,040,000 | 3.1 | % | |||||||||||||
PRACS Institute, LTD (d) | Healthcare Services | Second Lien Term Loan 11.41%, 4/17/2013 | 3,000,000 | 3,000,000 | 3,000,000 | 3.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Healthcare Services | 6,800,000 | 6,574,228 | 6,040,000 | 6.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
McMillin Companies LLC (d) | Homebuilding | Senior Secured Notes 9.53%, 4/30/2012 | 7,700,000 | 7,194,636 | 5,912,060 | 6.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Asurion Corporation (d) | Insurance | First Lien Term Loan 6.10%, 7/3/2014 | 2,000,000 | 1,665,000 | 1,699,600 | 1.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Worldwide Express Operations, LLC (d) | Logistics | First Lien Term Loan 7.89%, 6/30/2013 | 2,973,362 | 2,966,658 | 2,687,919 | 2.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Jason Incorporated (d) | Manufacturing | Unsecured Notes 13.00%, 11/1/2008 | 12,000,000 | 12,000,000 | 11,712,000 | 12.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Jason Incorporated (d) | Manufacturing | Unsecured Notes 13.00%, 11/1/2008 | 3,400,000 | 3,400,000 | 3,318,400 | 3.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Manufacturing | 15,400,000 | 15,400,000 | 15,030,400 | 15.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Blaze Recycling & Metals, LLC (d) | Metals | Senior Secured Notes 10.88%, 7/15/2012 | 2,500,000 | 2,493,087 | 2,218,750 | 2.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Elyria Foundry Company, LLC (c, d) | Metals | Senior Secured Notes 13.00%, 3/1/2013 | 3,000,000 | 2,893,873 | 2,910,000 | 3.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Metals | 5,500,000 | 5,386,960 | 5,128,750 | 5.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
Grant U.S. Holdings LLP (d, e) | Natural Resources | Second Lien Term Loan 12.75%, 9/20/2013 | 5,365,592 | 5,365,393 | 4,167,456 | 4.3 | % |
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% of | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment Interest | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||
Company (a, c) | Industry | Rate/Maturity | Principal | Cost | Fair Value | Equity | ||||||||||||||
Edgen Murray II, L.P. (d) | Oil and Gas | Second Lien Term Loan 9.32%, 5/11/2015 | 2,000,000 | 1,947,348 | 1,600,000 | 1.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Energy Alloys, LLC (d) | Oil and Gas | Second Lien Term Loan 12.15%, 10/5/2012 | 6,200,000 | 6,200,000 | 6,138,000 | 6.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Oil and Gas | 8,200,000 | 8,147,348 | 7,738,000 | 7.9 | % | |||||||||||||||
Atlantis Plastics Films, Inc. (d) | Packaging | First Lien Term Loan 8.71%, 9/22/2011 | 6,516,244 | 6,491,835 | 4,298,114 | 4.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Stronghaven, Inc. (d) | Packaging | Second Lien Term Loan 11.00%, 10/31/2010 | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | 2.6 | % | |||||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. (d, e) | Packaging | Senior Secured Notes 12.50%, 6/15/2009 | 4,850,000 | 4,853,648 | 4,447,450 | 4.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. (d, e) | Packaging | Senior Secured Notes 12.50%, 6/15/2009 | 5,087,250 | 5,094,096 | 4,665,008 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. (d, e) | Packaging | Senior Secured Notes 15.11%, 6/15/2009 | 500,000 | 498,536 | 459,500 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Packaging | 19,453,494 | 19,438,114 | 16,370,073 | 16.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
Advanstar Communications Inc. (d) | Publishing | First Lien Term Loan 7.09%, 5/31/2014 | 1,990,000 | 1,516,878 | 1,492,500 | 1.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Brown Publishing Company (d) | Publishing | Second Lien Term Loan 11.09%, 9/19/2014 | 1,203,226 | 1,197,520 | 1,070,871 | 1.1 | % | |||||||||||||
Network Communications, Inc. (d) | Publishing | Unsecured Notes 10.75%, 12/1/2013 | 5,000,000 | 5,095,198 | 4,400,000 | 4.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Penton Media, Inc. (d) | Publishing | First Lien Term Loan 5.37%, 2/1/2013 | 2,962,500 | 2,134,841 | 2,325,563 | 2.4 | % | |||||||||||||
Total Publishing | 11,155,726 | 9,944,437 | 9,288,934 | 9.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
QCE LLC (d) | Restaurants | First Lien Term Loan 7.03%, 5/5/2013 | 992,443 | 804,673 | 859,456 | 0.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Claire’s Stores, Inc. (d) | Retail | First Lien Term Loan 6.47%, 5/29/2014 | 2,786,000 | 2,579,717 | 2,179,209 | 2.2 | % | |||||||||||||
Sub Total Non-control/Non-affiliated investments | 162,888,724 | 143,745,269 | 146.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Control investments - 29.7% (b) | ||||||||||||||||||||
GSC CDO III, LLC (g) | Financial Services | 100% General Partnership interest | — | 160,153 | 0.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007 LTD. (g) | Structured Finance Securities | Other/Structured Finance Securities 20.36%, 1/21/2020 | 30,000,000 | 30,000,000 | 28,915,146 | 29.5 | % | |||||||||||||
Sub Total Control investments | 30,000,000 | 29,075,299 | 29.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Affiliate investments - 0.0% (b) | ||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP (f) | Financial Services | 6.24% Limited Partnership interest | — | 16,233 | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL INVESTMENT ASSETS - 176.6% (b) | $ | 192,888,724 | $ | 172,836,801 | 176.6 | % | ||||||||||||||
% of | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding interest rate cap | Interest rate | Maturity | Notional | Cost | Fair value | Equity | ||||||||||||||||
Interest rate cap | 8.0 | % | 2/9/2014 | $ | 40,000,000 | $ | 87,000 | $ | 50,703 | 0.1% | ||||||||||||
Interest rate cap | 8.0 | % | 11/30/2013 | 46,637,408 | 44,000 | 26,031 | 0.0% | |||||||||||||||
Sub Total Outstanding interest rate cap | $ | 131,000 | $ | 76,734 | 0.1% | |||||||||||||||||
(a) | All of the Fund’s equity and debt investments are issued by eligible portfolio companies, as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, except Atlantis Plastics Films, Inc., Grant U.S. Holdings LLP, GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007, Terphane Holdings Corp., and GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP. | |
(b) | Percentages are based on net assets of $97,869,040 as of February 29, 2008. | |
(c) | Fair valued investment (see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements). | |
(d) | All or a portion of the investment is pledged as collateral under a revolving securitized credit facility (see Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements). | |
(e) | Non-U.S. company. The principal place of business for Terphane Holdings Corp is Brazil, and for Grant U.S. Holdings LLP is Canada. | |
(f) | As defined in the Investment Company Act, we are an “Affiliate” of this portfolio company because we own 5% or more of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities. Transactions during the period in which the issuer was an Affiliate are as follows: |
Interest | Management | Net Realized | Net unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company | Purchases | Redemptions | Sales (cost) | Income | fee income | gains/(losses) | gains/(losses) | |||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP | $ | 2,045,067 | $ | 2,084,214 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 39,147 | $ | 16,233 | ||||||||||||||
(g) As defined in the Investment Company Act, we are an “Affiliate” of this portfolio company because we own 5% or more of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities. In addition, as defined in the Investment Company Act, we “Control” this portfolio company because we own more than 25% of the portfolio company’s outstanding voting securities. Transactions during the period in which the issuer was both an Affiliate and a portfolio company that we Control are as follows: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest | Management | Net Realized | Net unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company | Purchases | Redemptions | Sales (cost) | Income | fee income | gains/(losses) | gains/(losses) | |||||||||||||||||||||
GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007 LTD. | $ | 30,000,000 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 262,442 | $ | 215,914 | $ | — | $ | (1,084,854 | ) | |||||||||||||
GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP | $ | 13,574,694 | $ | 14,003,367 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 428,673 | $ | 160,153 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GSC Investment Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets
For the six months ended | For the six months ended | |||||||
August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | |||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||
OPERATIONS: | ||||||||
Net investment income | $ | 6,650,706 | $ | 5,114,689 | ||||
Net realized gain/(loss) from investments | (129,819 | ) | 1,445,255 | |||||
Net realized gain from derivatives | 30,454 | — | ||||||
Net unrealized depreciation on investments | (6,279,188 | ) | (3,618,259 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized depreciation on derivatives | (28,326 | ) | (44,047 | ) | ||||
Net increase in net assets from operations | 243,827 | 2,897,638 | ||||||
SHAREHOLDER DISTRIBUTIONS: | ||||||||
Distributions declared | (6,467,280 | ) | (4,974,830 | ) | ||||
Net decrease in net assets from shareholder distributions | (6,467,280 | ) | (4,974,830 | ) | ||||
CAPITAL SHARE TRANSACTIONS: | ||||||||
Issuance of common stock, net | — | 116,301,011 | ||||||
Net increase in net assets from capital share transactions | — | 116,301,011 | ||||||
Total increase/(decrease) in net assets | (6,223,453 | ) | 114,223,819 | |||||
Net assets at beginning of period | 97,869,040 | (129,163 | ) | |||||
Net assets at end of period | $ | 91,645,587 | $ | 114,094,656 | ||||
Net asset value per common share | $ | 11.05 | $ | 13.76 | ||||
Common shares outstanding at end of period | 8,291,384 | 8,291,384 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GSC Investment Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the six months ended | For the six months ended | |||||||
August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | |||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||
NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS FROM OPERATIONS | $ | 243,827 | $ | 2,897,638 | ||||
ADJUSTMENTS TO RECONCILE NET INCREASE IN NET ASSETS FROM OPERATIONS TO NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
Paid-in-kind interest income | (457,904 | ) | (72,990 | ) | ||||
Net accretion of discount on investments | (598,369 | ) | (517,630 | ) | ||||
Amortization of deferred credit facility financing costs | 88,894 | 97,171 | ||||||
Net realized (gain) loss from investments | 129,819 | (1,445,255 | ) | |||||
Net unrealized depreciation on investments | 6,279,188 | 3,618,259 | ||||||
Unrealized depreciation on derivatives | 28,326 | — | ||||||
Proceeds from sale and redemption of investments | 38,930,458 | 97,948,986 | ||||||
Purchase of investments | (25,219,996 | ) | (278,183,636 | ) | ||||
(Increase) decrease in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, securitization accounts | 8,316,587 | (4,552,160 | ) | |||||
Interest receivable | (530,026 | ) | (3,432,937 | ) | ||||
Due from manager | 940,903 | (657,252 | ) | |||||
Management fee receivable | (13,822 | ) | — | |||||
Other assets | (95,701 | ) | (455,109 | ) | ||||
Deferred offering costs | — | 808,617 | ||||||
Payable for unsettled trades | (6,661,412 | ) | 4,709,375 | |||||
Management and incentive fees payable | 1,065,814 | 1,619,467 | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 108,204 | 554,747 | ||||||
Interest and credit facility fees payable | (94,097 | ) | 461,817 | |||||
Due to manager | (7,066 | ) | — | |||||
Accrued offering costs | — | (760,000 | ) | |||||
NET CASH PROVIDED (USED) BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | 22,453,627 | (177,360,892 | ) | |||||
Financing activities | ||||||||
Issuance of shares of common stock | — | 100,681,250 | ||||||
Borrowings on debt | 7,800,000 | 129,208,119 | ||||||
Paydowns on debt | (20,000,000 | ) | (43,479,154 | ) | ||||
Credit facility financing cost | — | (1,225,699 | ) | |||||
Payments of cash dividends | (6,467,280 | ) | (4,974,830 | ) | ||||
NET CASH PROVIDED (USED) BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES | (18,667,280 | ) | 180,209,686 | |||||
CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 3,786,347 | 2,848,794 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD | 1,072,641 | 1,030 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD | $ | 4,858,988 | $ | 2,849,824 | ||||
Supplemental Information: | ||||||||
Interest paid during the period | $ | 1,462,013 | $ | 1,612,647 | ||||
Supplemental non-cash information | ||||||||
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of investments in GSC Partners CDO GP III, L.P. | $ | — | $ | 15,619,761 | ||||
Paid-in-kind interest income | $ | 457,904 | $ | 72,990 | ||||
Net accretion of discount on investments | $ | 598,369 | $ | 517,630 | ||||
Amortization of deferred credit facility financing costs | $ | 88,894 | $ | 97,171 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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GSC INVESTMENT CORP.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Organization and Basis of Presentation
GSC Investment Corp. (the “Company”, “we” and “us”) is a non-diversified closed end management investment company incorporated in Maryland that has elected to be treated and is regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). We commenced operations on March 23, 2007 and completed our initial public offering (“IPO”) on March 28, 2007. The Company intends to file an election and to qualify to be treated for tax purposes as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) commencing with our first taxable year as a corporation. We expect to continue to qualify and to elect to be treated for tax purposes as a RIC. Our investment objectives are to generate both current income and capital appreciation through debt and equity investments by primarily investing in private middle market companies and select high yield bonds.
GSC Investment, LLC (the “LLC”) was organized in May 2006 as a Maryland limited liability company. As of February 28, 2007, the LLC had not yet commenced its operations and investment activities.
On March 21, 2007, the Company was incorporated and concurrently, the LLC was merged with and into the Company in accordance with the procedure for such merger in the LLC’s limited liability company agreement and Maryland law. In connection with such merger, each outstanding common share of the LLC was converted into an equivalent number of shares of common stock of the Company and the Company is the surviving entity.
We are externally managed and advised by our investment adviser, GSCP (NJ), L.P. (individually and collectively with its affiliates, “GSC Group” or the “Manager”), pursuant to an investment advisory and management agreement.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company and its special purpose financing subsidiaries, GSC Investment Funding, LLC and GSC Investment Funding II, LLC. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments and reclassifications which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for the fair presentation of the results of the operations and financial condition for the periods presented. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. All references made to the “Company,” “we,” and “us” in the financial statements encompassing of these consolidated subsidiaries, except as stated otherwise.
Interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are omitted. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals, necessary for the fair presentation of financial statements for the interim period have been included. The current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results that ultimately may be achieved for the fiscal year ending February 28, 2009.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include short-term, liquid investments in a money market fund. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost which approximates fair value.
Cash and cash equivalents, Securitization Accounts
Cash and cash equivalents, securitization accounts include amounts held in designated bank accounts in the form of cash and short-term liquid investments in money market funds representing payments received on securitized investments or other reserved amounts associated with the Company’s securitization facilities. The Company is required to use a portion of these amounts to pay interest expense, reduce borrowings, or pay other amounts in accordance with the related securitization agreements. Cash held in such accounts may not be available for the general use of the Company.
Risk Management
In the ordinary course of its business, the Company manages a variety of risks, including market risk and credit risk. Market risk is the risk of potential adverse changes to the value of investments because of changes in market conditions such as interest rate movements and volatility in investment prices. Credit risk is the risk of default or non-performance by portfolio companies equivalent to the investment’s carrying amount.
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The Company is also exposed to credit risk related to maintaining all of its cash and cash equivalents including those in securitization accounts at a major financial institution and credit risk related to the derivative counterparty.
The Company has investments in lower rated and comparable quality unrated high yield bonds and bank loans. Investments in high yield investments are accompanied by a greater degree of credit risk. The risk of loss due to default by the issuer is significantly greater for holders of high yield securities, because such investments are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to other creditors of the issuer.
Investment Classification
The Company classifies its investments in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, “Control Investments” are defined as investments in companies in which we own more than 25% of the voting securities or maintain greater than 50% of the board representation. Under the 1940 Act, “Affiliated Investments” are defined as those non-control investments in companies in which we own between 5% and 25% of the voting securities. Under the 1940 Act, “Non-affiliated Investments” are defined as investments that are neither Control Investments or Affiliated Investments.
Investment Valuation
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107,“Disclosure About Fair Value of Financial Instruments,”approximates the carrying amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheet.
Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at such market quotations obtained from independent third party pricing services and market makers subject to any decision by our board of directors to make a fair value determination to reflect significant events affecting the value of these investments. We value investments for which market quotations are not readily available as stated above at fair value as determined in good faith by our board of directors based on input from our Manager, our audit committee and, if our board or audit committee so request, a third party independent valuation firm. Determinations of fair value may involve subjective judgments and estimates. The types of factors that may be considered in a fair value pricing include the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments, yield trend analysis, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to publicly traded companies, discounted cash flow and other relevant factors.
We undertake a multi-step valuation process each quarter when valuing investments for which market quotations are not readily available, as described below:
• | Each investment is initially valued by the responsible investment professionals and preliminary valuation conclusions are documented and discussed with our senior management; and | ||
• | An independent valuation firm engaged by our board of directors reviews at least one quarter of these preliminary valuations each quarter so that the valuation of each investment for which market quotes are not readily available is reviewed by the independent valuation firm at least annually. |
In addition, all our investments are subject to the following valuation process:
• | The audit committee of our board of directors reviews each preliminary valuation and our investment adviser and independent valuation firm (if applicable) will supplement the preliminary valuation to reflect any comments provided by the audit committee; and | ||
• | Our board of directors discusses the valuations and determines the fair value of each investment in good faith based on the input of our investment adviser, independent valuation firm (if applicable) and audit committee. |
Our equity investment in GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007, Ltd. (“GSCIC CLO”) is carried at fair value, which is based on a discounted cash flow model that utilizes prepayment, re-investment and loss assumptions based on historical experience and projected performance, economic factors, the characteristics of the underlying cash flow, and comparable yields for similar CLO equity, when available, as determined by our investment advisor and recommended to our board of directors.
Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private companies, are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates. The determination of fair value by our board of directors may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed. Our net asset value could be materially affected if the determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher or lower than the values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such investments.
Income Recognition
Purchases and sales of investments and the related realized gains or losses are recorded on a trade-date basis. Interest income, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount, is recorded on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. The Company stops accruing interest on its investments when it is determined that interest is no longer collectible. If any cash is received after it is determined that interest is no longer collectible, we will treat the cash as payment on the principal balance until the entire principal balance has been repaid, before any interest income is recognized. Discounts and premiums on investments purchased are accreted/amortized over the life of the respective investment using the effective yield method. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortizations of premium on investments.
Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected. Accrued interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding collectability. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest is paid and, in management’s judgment, are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection. As of August 31, 2008, 3.6% of total investments at amortized cost (or 2.3% at fair value), were on non-accrual status.
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Interest income on our investment in GSCIC CLO is recorded using the effective interest method in accordance with the provision of EITF 99-20, based on the anticipated yield and the estimated cash flows over the projected life of the investment. Yields are revised when there are changes in actual or estimated cash flows due to changes in prepayments and/or re-investments, credit losses or asset pricing. Changes in estimated yield are recognized as an adjustment to the estimated yield over the remaining life of the investment from the date the estimated yield was changed.
Paid-in-Kind Interest
The Company includes in income certain amounts that it has not yet received in cash, such as contractual paid-in-kind interest (“PIK”), which represents contractually deferred interest added to the investment balance that is generally due at maturity. We stop accruing PIK if we do not expect the issuer to be able to pay all principal and interest when due.
Organizational Expenses
Organizational expenses consist principally of professional fees incurred in connection with the organization of the Company and have been expensed as incurred.
Deferred Credit Facility Financing Costs
Financing costs incurred in connection with each respective credit facility have been deferred and are being amortized using the straight line method over the life of each respective facility.
Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of its business, the Company may enter into contracts or agreements that contain indemnifications or warranties. Future events could occur that lead to the execution of these provisions against the Company. Based on its history and experience, management feels that the likelihood of such an event is remote.
Income Taxes
The Company intends to file an election and qualify to be treated for tax purposes as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and, among other things, intends to make the requisite distributions to its stockholders which will relieve the Company from federal income taxes. Therefore, no provision has been recorded for federal income taxes.
In order to qualify as a RIC, among other requirements, the Company is required to timely distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code, for each fiscal tax year. The Company will be subject to a nondeductible U.S. federal excise tax of 4% on undistributed income if we do not distribute at least 98% of our investment company taxable income in any calendar year and 98% of our capital gain net income for each one-year period ending on October 31.
Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, we may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year dividend distributions into the next tax year and pay a 4% excise tax on such income, as required. To the extent that the Company determines that its estimated current year annual taxable income will be in excess of estimated current year dividend distributions, the Company accrues excise tax, if any, on estimated excess taxable income as taxable income is earned.
Dividends
Dividends to common stockholders are recorded on the record date. The amount to be paid out as a dividend is determined by the board of directors each quarter and is generally based upon the earnings estimated by management. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed at least annually, although we may decide to retain such capital gains for reinvestment.
The Company has adopted a dividend reinvestment plan that provides for reinvestment of our dividend distributions on behalf of our stockholders unless a stockholder elects to receive cash. As a result, if our board of directors authorizes, and we declare, a cash dividend, then our stockholders who have not ''opted out’’ of our dividend reinvestment plan will have their cash dividends automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock, rather than receiving the cash dividends. If the Company’s common stock is trading below net asset value at the time of valuation, the plan administrator will receive the dividend or distribution in cash and will purchase common stock in the open market, on the New York Stock Exchange or elsewhere, for the account of each Participant.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“FAS 159”), which provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The objective of FAS 159 is to reduce both complexity in accounting for financial instruments and the volatility in earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently. FAS 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities and to more easily understand the effect of the company’s choice to use fair value on its earnings. FAS 159 also requires entities to display the fair value of the selected assets and liabilities on the face of the balance sheet. FAS 159 does not eliminate disclosure requirements of other accounting standards, including fair value measurement disclosures in FAS 157. This statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company does not intend to elect fair value measurement for assets or liabilities other than
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portfolio investments, which are already measured at fair value, therefore, the Company does not believe the adoption of this statement will have a significant effect on the Company’s financial position or its results of operations.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161,Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities(“FAS 161”). The objective of FAS 161 is to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. FAS 161 improves transparency about the location and amounts of derivative instruments in an entity’s financial statements; how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under FAS 133; and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. FAS 161 achieves these improvements by requiring disclosure of the fair values of derivative instruments and their gains and losses in a tabular format. It also provides more information about an entity’s liquidity by requiring disclosure of derivative features that are credit risk related. Finally, it requires cross-referencing within footnotes to enable financial statement users to locate important information about derivative instruments. FAS 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. We did not early adopt FAS 161. Management is currently evaluating the enhanced disclosure requirements and the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting FAS 161.
Note 3. Investments
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“FAS 157”) as of March 1, 2008, which among other matters, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. As defined in FAS 157, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FAS 157 establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the investment. Investments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.
Based on the observability of the inputs used in the valuation techniques the Company is required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Investments carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
• | Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. | ||
• | Level 2 — Valuations based on inputs other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable. | ||
• | Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. The inputs into the determination of fair value may require significant management judgment or estimation. Even if observable-market data is available, such information may be the result of consensus pricing information or broker quotes which include a disclaimer that the broker would not be held to such a price in an actual transaction. The non-binding nature of consensus pricing and/or quotes accompanied by disclaimer would result in classification as Level III information, assuming no additional corroborating evidence. |
In addition to using the above inputs in investment valuations, we continue to employ the valuation policy approved by our board of directors that is consistent with FAS 157 (see Note 2). Consistent with our valuation policy, we evaluate the source of inputs, including any markets in which our investments are trading, in determining fair value.
The following table presents fair value measurements of investments as of August 31, 2008 (dollars in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements Using | ||||||||||||||||
Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||||||
Non-control/non-affiliate investments | $ | 127,858 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 127,858 | ||||||||
Control investments | 25,900 | — | — | 25,900 | ||||||||||||
Affiliate investments | 16 | — | — | 16 | ||||||||||||
Total investments at fair value | $ | 153,774 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 153,774 |
The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for investments that use Level 3 inputs for the six months ended August 31, 2008 (dollars in thousands):
Level 3 | ||||
Balance as of February 29, 2008 | $ | 172,837 | ||
Net unrealized losses | (6,279 | ) | ||
Purchases and other adjustments to cost | 26,146 | |||
Sales and redemptions | (38,930 | ) | ||
Net transfers in and/or out | — | |||
Balance as of August 31, 2008 | $ | 153,774 |
Purchases and other adjustments to cost include new investments at cost, effects of refinancing/restructuring, accretion income from discount on debt securities, and PIK.
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Sale and redemptions represent net proceeds received and realized gains and losses from investments sold during the period.
Net transfers in and/or out represent existing investments that were either previously categorized as a higher level and the inputs to the model became unobservable or investments that were previously classified as the lowest significant input became observable during the period. These investments are recorded at their end of period fair values.
The composition of our investments as of August 31, 2008, at cost and fair value was as follows (dollars in thousands):
Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Investments at | Investments at | Percentage of | ||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | ||||||||||
First lien term loans | $ | 31,204 | $ | 26,516 | 17.2 | % | ||||||
Second lien term loans | 57,171 | 49,671 | 32.3 | |||||||||
Senior secured notes | 36,042 | 30,430 | 19.8 | |||||||||
Unsecured notes | 25,688 | 20,998 | 13.7 | |||||||||
Structured Finance Securities | 30,000 | 25,739 | 16.7 | |||||||||
Equity/limited partnership interest | — | 420 | 0.3 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 180,105 | $ | 153,774 | 100.0 | % |
The composition of our investments as of February 29, 2008, at cost and fair value was as follows (dollars in thousands):
Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Investments at | Investments at | Percentage of | ||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | ||||||||||
First lien term loans | $ | 29,660 | $ | 26,362 | 15.3 | % | ||||||
Second lien term loans | 70,819 | 62,446 | 36.1 | |||||||||
Senior secured notes | 35,024 | 31,657 | 18.3 | |||||||||
Unsecured notes | 27,386 | 23,281 | 13.5 | |||||||||
Structured Finance Securities | 30,000 | 28,915 | 16.7 | |||||||||
Equity/limited partnership interest | — | 176 | 0.1 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 192,889 | $ | 172,837 | 100.0 | % |
Note 4. Investment in GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007, Ltd.
On January 22, 2008, we invested $30 million in all of the outstanding subordinated notes of GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007, Ltd., (the “GSCIC CLO”), a $400 million CLO managed by us that invests primarily in senior secured loans. Additionally, we entered into a collateral management agreement with GSCIC CLO pursuant to which we will act as collateral manager to it. In return for our collateral management services, we are entitled to a senior collateral management fee of 0.10% and a subordinate collateral management fee of 0.40% of the outstanding principal amount of GSCIC CLO’s assets, to be paid quarterly to the extent of available proceeds. We are also entitled to an incentive management fee equal to 20% of excess cash flow to the extent the GSCIC CLO subordinated notes receive an internal rate of return equal to or greater than 12%. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, we accrued $0.5 and $1.0 million in management fees and $1.1 and $1.7 million in interest income. We did not accrue any amounts related to the incentive management fee as the 12% hurdle rate has not yet been achieved.
Note 5. Agreements
On March 21, 2007, the Company entered into an investment advisory and management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) with GSC Group. The initial term of the Management Agreement is two years, with automatic, one-year renewals at the end of each year subject to certain approvals by our board of directors and/or our stockholders. Pursuant to the Management Agreement, our investment adviser implements our business strategy on a day-to-day basis and performs certain services for us, subject to oversight by our board of directors. Our investment adviser is responsible for, among other duties, determining investment criteria, sourcing, analyzing and executing investments transactions, asset sales, financings and performing asset management duties. Under the Management Agreement, we have agreed to pay our investment adviser a management fee for investment advisory and management services consisting of a base management fee and an incentive fee.
The base management fee of 1.75% is calculated based on the average value of our total assets (other than cash or cash equivalents but including assets purchased with borrowed funds) at the end of the two most recently completed fiscal quarters, and appropriately adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the applicable fiscal quarter.
The incentive fee consists of the following two parts:
The first, payable quarterly in arrears, equals 20% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income (not including excise taxes), expressed as a rate of return on the value of the net assets at the end of the immediately preceding quarter, that exceeds a 1.875% quarterly (7.5% annualized) hurdle rate measured as of the end of each fiscal quarter. Under this provision, in any fiscal quarter, our investment adviser receives no incentive fee unless our pre-incentive fee net investment income, as defined above, exceeds the hurdle rate of 1.875%. Amounts received as a return of capital are not included in calculating this portion of the incentive fee. Since the hurdle rate is based on net assets, a return of less than the hurdle rate on total assets may still result in an incentive fee.
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The second, payable at the end of each fiscal year equals 20% of our net realized capital gains, if any, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation, in each case on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of such incentive fees paid to the investment adviser through such date.
We will defer cash payment of any incentive fee otherwise earned by our investment adviser if, during the most recent four full fiscal quarter period ending on or prior to the date such payment is to be made, the sum of (a) our aggregate distributions to our stockholders and (b) our change in net assets (defined as total assets less liabilities) (before taking into account any incentive fees payable during that period) is less than 7.5% of our net assets at the beginning of such period. These calculations will be appropriately pro rated for the first three fiscal quarters of operation and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the applicable period. Such incentive fee will become payable on the next date on which such test has been satisfied for the most recent four full fiscal quarters.
For the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, we incurred $0.7 and $1.5 million in base management fees and $0.4 and $0.7 million in incentive fees related to pre-incentive fee net investment income. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, we incurred no incentive management fees related to net realized capital gains. As of August 31, 2008, $0.7 million of base management fees and $1.3 million of incentive fees were unpaid and included in management and incentive fees payable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
For the three and six months ended August 31, 2007, we incurred $0.9 and $1.3 million in base management fees, $0.2 and $0.3 million in incentive fees related to pre-incentive fee net investment income and ($0.2) and $0 million incentive fees related to net realized capital gains.
As of August 31, 2008, the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, the sum of our aggregate distributions to our stockholders and our change in net assets (defined as total assets less liabilities) (before taking into account any incentive fees payable during that period) was less than 7.5% of our net assets at the beginning of the second fiscal quarter of fiscal year 2008. Accordingly, the payment of the incentive fee for the quarter ended August 31, 2008 will be deferred. The total deferred incentive fee payable at August 31, 2008 is $1.3 million.
On March 21, 2007, the Company entered into a separate administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”) with GSC Group, pursuant to which GSC Group, as our administrator, has agreed to furnish us with the facilities and administrative services necessary to conduct our day-to-day operations and provide managerial assistance on our behalf to those portfolio companies to which we are required to provide such assistance. Our allocable portion is based on the proportion that our total assets bears to the total assets or a subset of total assets administered by our administrator. The initial term of the Administration Agreement is two years, with automatic one-year renewals at the end of each year subject to certain approvals by our board of directors and/or our shareholders.
For the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, we accrued $0.3 and $0.5 million of administrator expenses pertaining to bookkeeping, record keeping and other administrative services provided to the Company in addition to our allocable portion of rent and other overhead related expenses. During the initial term of the Administration Agreement, GSC Group has agreed not to be reimbursed by the Company for any expenses incurred in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement until the Company’s total assets exceeds $500 million. During the initial term and subsequent renewal periods, the Company’s requirement to reimburse GSC Group is capped such that the amounts payable, together with the Company’s other operating expenses, will not exceed an amount equal to 1.5% per annum of the Company’s net assets attributable to the Company’s common stock. Accordingly, for the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, we have recorded $0.3 and $0.5 million in expense waiver and reimbursement under the Administration Agreement in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.
On March 23, 2007, the Manager provided the Company with a Notification of Fee Reimbursement (the “Expense Reimbursement Agreement”). The Expense Reimbursement Agreement provides for the Manager to reimburse the Company for operating expenses to the extent that our total annual operating expenses (other than investment advisory and management fees, interest and credit facility expenses, and organizational expense) exceed an amount equal to 1.55% of our net assets attributable to common stock. The Manager is not entitled to recover any reimbursements under this agreement in future periods. The term of the Expense Reimbursement Agreement was for a period of 12 months beginning March 23, 2007 and for each twelve months period thereafter unless otherwise agreed by the Manager and the Company. For the six months ended August 31, 2008, we have recorded $49,715 in expense waiver and reimbursement under the Expense Reimbursement Agreement in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. On April 15, 2008, the Manager and the Company agreed not to extend the agreement for an additional twelve month period and terminated the Expense Reimbursement Agreement as of March 23, 2008.
Note 6. Borrowings
As a BDC, we are only allowed to employ leverage to the extent that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 200% after giving effect to such leverage. The amount of leverage that we employ at any time depends on our assessment of the market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing.
On April 11, 2007, we formed GSC Investment Funding LLC (“GSC Funding”), a wholly owned consolidated subsidiary of the Company, through which we entered into a revolving securitized credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) with Deutsche Bank AG, as administrative agent, under which we may borrow up to $100 million. A significant percentage of our total assets have been pledged under the Revolving Facility to secure our obligations thereunder. Under the Revolving Facility, funds are borrowed from or through certain lenders at prevailing commercial paper rates or, if the commercial paper market is at any time unavailable, at prevailing LIBOR rates, plus 0.70% payable monthly. We also pay an unused commitment fee equal to 0.225% payable monthly. As of August 31, 2008, there was $66.3 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility and the Company continues to be in compliance with all of the limitations and requirements of the Revolving Facility. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded $0.6 and $1.4 million of interest expense and $44,447 and $88,894 of amortization of deferred financing costs related to the Revolving Facility and the interest rates on the outstanding borrowings ranged from 3.31% to 4.44%. As of August 31, 2007, there was $74.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2007, we recorded $1.1 and $1.6 million of interest expense and $44,599 and $68,018 of amortization of deferred financing costs related to the Revolving Facility and the interest rates on the outstanding borrowings ranged from 6.00% to 6.26%.
On May 1, 2007, we formed GSC Investment Funding II LLC (“GSC Funding II”), a wholly owned consolidated subsidiary of the Company, through which we entered into a $25.7 million term securitized credit facility (the “Term Facility” and, together with the Revolving Facility, the “Facilities”) with Deutsche
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Bank AG, as administrative agent, which was fully drawn at closing. A significant percentage of our total assets were pledged under the Term Facility to secure our obligations thereunder. The Term Facility bears interest at prevailing commercial paper rates or, if the commercial paper market is at any time unavailable, at prevailing LIBOR rates, plus 0.70%, payable quarterly. As of August 31, 2007, there was $11.7 million outstanding under the Term Facility. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2007, we recorded $0.3 and $0.4 million of interest expense and $22,120 and $29,153 of amortization of deferred financing costs related to the Term Facility.
Each of the Facilities contain limitations as to how borrowed funds may be used, such as restrictions on industry concentrations, asset size, payment frequency and status, average life, collateral interests and investment ratings. The Facilities also include certain requirements relating to portfolio performance, the violation of which could result in the early amortization of the Facilities, limit further advances (in the case of the Revolving Facility) and, in some cases, result in an event of default, allowing the lenders to accelerate repayment of amounts owed thereunder.
On December 12, 2007, the Company consolidated its Facilities by using the proceeds of a draw under the Revolving Facility to repay and terminate the Term Facility and transferring all assets in GSC Funding II to GSC Funding. The Company’s aggregate indebtedness and cost of funding were unchanged as a result of this consolidation.
Note 7. Stockholders’ Equity
On May 16, 2006, GSC Group capitalized the LLC, by contributing $1,000 in exchange for 67 shares, constituting all of the issued and outstanding shares of the LLC.
On March 20, 2007, the Company issued 959,955 and 81,362 shares of common stock, priced at $15.00 per share, to GSC Group and certain individual employees of GSC Group, respectively, in exchange for the general partnership interest and a limited partnership interest in GSC Partners CDO III GP, LP, collectively valued at $15.6 million. At this time, the 67 shares owned by GSC Group in the LLC were exchanged for 67 shares of GSC Investment Corp.
On March 28, 2007, the Company completed its IPO of 7,250,000 shares of common stock, priced at $15.00 per share, before underwriting discounts and commissions. Total proceeds received from the IPO, net of $7.1 million in underwriter’s discount and commissions, and $1.0 million in offering costs, were $100.7 million.
Note 8. Earnings Per Share
The following information sets forth the computation of the weighted average basic and diluted net increase in net assets per share from operations for the six months ended August 31, 2008, and August 31, 2007 (dollars in thousands except per share amounts):
Basic and diluted | August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | ||||||
Net increase in net assets from operations | $ | 244 | $ | 2,898 | ||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 8,291,384 | 7,938,438 | ||||||
Earnings per common share-basic and diluted | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.37 |
Note 9. Dividend
The following table summarizes dividends declared during the six months ended August 31, 2008 and August 31, 2007 (dollars in thousands except per share amounts):
Date Declared | Record Date | Payment Date | Amount Per Share * | Total Amount | ||||||||||||
May 22, 2008 | May 30, 2008 | June 13, 2008 | $ | 0.39 | $ | 3,234 | ||||||||||
August 20, 2008 | August 29, 2008 | September 15, 2008 | 0.39 | 3,234 | ||||||||||||
Total dividends declared | $ | 0.78 | $ | 6,468 | ||||||||||||
Date Declared | Record Date | Payment Date | Amount Per Share * | Total Amount | ||||||||||||
May 21, 2007 | May 29, 2007 | June 6, 2007 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1,990 | ||||||||||
August 14, 2007 | August 24, 2007 | August 31, 2007 | 0.36 | 2,985 | ||||||||||||
Total dividends declared | $ | 0.60 | $ | 4,975 | ||||||||||||
* | Amount per share is calculated based on the number of shares outstanding at the date of declaration. |
Note 10. Financial Highlights
The following is a schedule of financial highlights for the six months ended August 31, 2008 and August 31, 2007 and for the year ended February 29, 2008:
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August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | February 29, 2008 | ||||||||||
Per share data: | ||||||||||||
Public offering cost at IPO, March 23, 2007 | $ | — | $ | 15.00 | $ | 15.00 | ||||||
Sales load | — | (0.85 | ) | (0.85 | ) | |||||||
Offering cost | — | (0.12 | ) | (0.12 | ) | |||||||
Net asset value at beginning of period/IPO | 11.80 | 14.03 | 14.03 | |||||||||
Net investment income (1) | 0.80 | 0.62 | 1.30 | |||||||||
Net realized gains (losses) on investments and derivatives | (0.01 | ) | 0.17 | 0.47 | ||||||||
Net unrealized depreciation on investments and derivatives | (0.76 | ) | (0.46 | )* | (2.45 | )* | ||||||
Net increase (decrease) in stockholders’ equity | 0.03 | 0.33 | (0.68 | ) | ||||||||
Distributions declared from net investment income | (0.78 | ) | (0.60 | ) | (1.37 | ) | ||||||
Distributions declared from net realized capital gains | — | — | (0.18 | ) | ||||||||
Total distributions to stockholders | (0.78 | ) | (0.60 | ) | (1.55 | ) | ||||||
Net asset value at end of period | $ | 11.05 | $ | 13.76 | $ | 11.80 | ||||||
Net assets at end of period | $ | 91,645,587 | $ | 114,094,656 | $ | 97,869,040 | ||||||
Shares outstanding at end of period | 8,291,384 | 8,291,384 | 8,291,384 | |||||||||
Per share market value at end of period | $ | 10.80 | $ | 12.40 | $ | 11.04 | ||||||
Total return based on market value (2) | 4.89 | % | (13.33 | )% | (16.07 | )% | ||||||
Total return based on net asset value (3) | 0.25 | % | 1.02 | % | (11.00 | )% |
* | Net unrealized depreciation on investments and derivatives per share amount includes the net loss incurred prior to the IPO. |
Ratio/Supplemental data:
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets (4) (5) | 12.63 | % | 9.16 | % | 8.11 | % | ||||||
Ratio of operating expenses to average net assets (4) (5) | 6.74 | % | 5.94 | % | 5.91 | % | ||||||
Ratio of incentive management fees to average net assets (5) | 1.55 | % | 0.69 | % | 0.64 | % | ||||||
Ratio of credit facility related expenses to average net assets (5) | 3.02 | % | 4.39 | % | 4.51 | % | ||||||
Ratio of total expenses to average net assets (4) (5) | 11.31 | % | 11.02 | % | 11.05 | % |
(1) | Net investment income excluding expense waiver and reimbursement equals $0.73 and $0.55 per share for the six months ended August 31, 2008 and August 31, 2007, respectively. | |
(2) | For the six months ended August 31, 2008, the total return based on market value equals the decrease in market value at August 31, 2008, of $0.24 per share over the price per share at February 29, 2008, of $11.04, plus the declared dividends of $0.39 per share for stockholders of record on May 30, 2008, and $0.39 per share for stockholders of record on August 29, 2008, divided by the February 29, 2008 price per share. For the six months ended August 31, 2007, the total return based on market value equals the decrease in market value at August 31, 2007 of $12.40 per share over the IPO offering price per share at March 23, 2007 of $15.00, plus the declared dividend of $0.24 per share for stockholders of record on May 29, 2007, and the declared dividend of $0.36 per share for stockholders of record on August 24, 2007, divided by the IPO offering price per share. Total return based on market value is not annualized. | |
(3) | For the six months ended August 31, 2008, the total return based on net asset value equals the change in net asset value during the period plus the declared dividend of $0.39 per share for stockholders of record on May 30, 2008, and $0.39 per share for stockholders of record on August 29, 2008, divided by the beginning net asset value during the period. For the six months ended August 31, 2007, the total return based on net asset value equals the change in net asset value during the period plus the declared dividend of $0.24 per share for stockholders of record on May 29, 2007, and the declared dividend of $0.36 per share for stockholders of record on August 24, 2007, divided by the beginning net asset value during the period. The calculation was adjusted for shares issued during the period. Total return based on net asset value is not annualized. | |
(4) | For the six months ended August 31, 2008, incorporating the expense waiver and reimbursement arrangement, the ratio of net investment income, operating expenses, total expenses to average net assets is 13.79%, 5.58%, and 10.15%, respectively. For the six months ended August 31, 2007, incorporating the expense waiver and reimbursement arrangement, the ratio of net investment income, operating expenses, total expenses to average net assets is 10.34%, 4.76%, and 9.84%. | |
(5) | Annualized. |
Note 11. Related Party Transactions
On March 20, 2007, the Company issued 959,955 and 81,362 shares of common stock, priced at $15.00 per share, to GSC Group and certain individual employees of GSC Group, respectively, in exchange for the general partnership interest and a limited partnership interest in GSC Partners CDO III GP, LP, collectively valued at $15.6 million. Additionally, GSC Group assigned its rights to act as collateral manager for GSC Partners CDO Fund III, Limited (“CDO III”) to the Company. The Company paid GSC Group $0.1 million to acquire the rights to act as collateral manager and expected to receive collateral management fees of $0.2 million. For the year ended February 29, 2008 we received $0.4 million of management fee income from CDO III and received distributions of $16.1 million from our partnership interests resulting in a realized gain of $0.5 million. As of August 31, 2008, the fair value of the general partnership interest and limited partnership interest is $0.2 million.
On January 10, 2008, GSC Group notified our Dividend Reinvestment Plan Administrator that it was electing to receive dividends and other distributions in cash (rather than in additional shares of common stock) with respect to all shares of stock held by it and the investment funds under its control. For the year ended February 29, 2008, GSC Group received 35,911 of additional shares under the dividend reinvestment plan. As of August 31, 2008, GSC Group and its affiliates own approximately 12% of the outstanding common shares of the Company.
On January 22, 2008, we entered into a collateral management agreement with GSCIC CLO pursuant to which we will act as collateral manager to it. In return for our collateral management services, we are entitled to a senior collateral management fee of 0.10% and a subordinate collateral management fee of 0.40% of the outstanding principal amount of GSCIC CLO’s assets, to be paid quarterly to the extent of available proceeds. We are also entitled to an incentive management fee equal to 20% of excess cash flow to the extent the GSCIC CLO subordinated notes receive an internal rate of return equal to or greater than 12%. We do not expect to manage and purchase all of the equity in another CLO transaction in the near future.
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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this quarterly report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this quarterly report contain forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by such forward-looking information due to the factors discussed in Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2008 and Part II, Item IA of this Quarterly Report.
The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us or are within our control. If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements contained in this quarterly report include statements as to:
• | our future operating results; | ||
• | our business prospects and the prospects of our portfolio companies; | ||
• | the impact of investments that we expect to make; | ||
• | our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties; | ||
• | the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its impact on the industries in which we invest; | ||
• | the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives; | ||
• | our expected financings and investments; | ||
• | our regulatory structure and tax treatment, including our ability to operate as a business development company and a regulated investment company; | ||
• | the adequacy of our cash resources and working capital; | ||
• | the timing of cash flows, if any, from the operations of our portfolio companies; | ||
• | the ability of our investment adviser to locate suitable investments for us and to monitor and effectively administer our investments; and | ||
• | continued access to our Revolving Facility. |
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made in this quarterly report relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this quarterly report.
Overview
GSC Investment Corp. is a Maryland corporation that has elected to be treated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). Our investment objectives are to generate current income and capital appreciation through debt and equity investments by primarily investing in middle market companies and select high yield bonds. We intend to file an election to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code commencing with our first taxable year as a corporation. We commenced operations on March 23, 2007, and completed our initial public offering (“IPO”) on March 28, 2007. We are externally managed and advised by our investment adviser, GSCP (NJ), L.P.
We used the net proceeds of our IPO to purchase approximately $100.7 million in aggregate principal amount of debt investments from GSC Partners CDO Fund III, Limited (“CDO Fund III”), a collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) fund managed by our investment adviser. We used borrowings under our credit facilities to purchase approximately $115.1 million in aggregate principal amount of debt investments in April and May 2007 from CDO Fund III and GSC Partners CDO Fund Limited (“CDO Fund I”), a collateralized debt obligation fund managed by our investment adviser. As of August 31, 2008, our portfolio consisted of $153.8 million of investments in 37 portfolio companies and 2 CLOs.
Our portfolio is comprised primarily of investments in leveraged loans (comprised of both first and second lien term loans) issued by middle market companies and high yield bonds. We seek to create a diversified portfolio by investing up to 5% of our total assets in each investment, although the investment sizes may be more or less than the targeted range. These investments are sourced in both the primary and secondary markets through a network of relationships with commercial and investment banks, commercial finance companies and financial sponsors. The leveraged loans and high yield bonds that we purchase are generally used to finance buyouts, acquisitions, growth, recapitalizations and other types of transactions. Leveraged loans are generally senior debt instruments that rank ahead of subordinated debt of
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the portfolio company. Leveraged loans also have the benefit of security interests on the assets of the portfolio company, which may rank ahead of, or be junior to, other security interests. High yield bonds are typically subordinated to leveraged loans and generally unsecured, though a substantial amount of the high yield bonds that we currently own are secured. Substantially all of the debt investments held in our portfolio hold a non-investment grade rating by Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”) and/or Standard & Poor’s or, if not rated, would be rated below investment grade if rated. High yield bonds rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” As part of our long term strategy, we also anticipate purchasing mezzanine debt and making equity investments in middle market companies. Mezzanine debt is typically unsecured and subordinated to senior debt of the portfolio company. For purposes of this quarterly report, we generally use the term “middle market” to refer to companies with annual EBITDA of between $5 million and $50 million. EBITDA represents earnings before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization.
While our primary focus is to generate current income and capital appreciation through investments in debt and equity securities of middle market companies and high yield bonds, we intend to invest up to 30% of our total assets in opportunistic investments. Opportunistic investments may include investments in distressed debt, debt and equity securities of public companies, credit default swaps, emerging market debt, and structured finance vehicles, including CLOs. As part of this 30%, we may also invest in debt of middle market companies located outside the U.S. Given our primary investment focus on first and second lien term loans issued by middle market companies and high yield bonds, we believe our opportunistic investments will allow us to supplement our core investments with other investments that are within our investment adviser’s expertise that we believe offer attractive yields and/or the potential for capital appreciation. As of August 31, 2008, our investment in the subordinated notes of GSC Investment Corp. CLO 2007, Ltd. (“GSCIC CLO”), a CLO we manage, constitutes 15.2% of our total assets. We do not expect to manage and purchase all of the equity in another CLO transaction in the near future. We may, however, invest in CLO securities issued by other investment managers.
As a BDC, we are required to comply with certain regulatory requirements. For instance, we have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including securities of private U.S. operating companies, public U.S. companies whose securities are not listed on a national securities exchange registered under the Exchange Act (i.e., New York Stock Exchange, American Stock Exchange and The NASDAQ Global Market), U.S. companies whose securities are listed on a securities exchange that have market capitalizations of less than $250 million, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less. In addition, we are only allowed to borrow money such that our asset coverage, which, as defined in the 1940 Act, measures the ratio of total assets less total liabilities (excluding borrowings) to total borrowings, equals at least 200% after such borrowing, with certain limited exceptions. The amount of our borrowing will depend on our investment adviser’s assessment of market conditions and other factors.
Revenues
We generate revenue in the form of interest income and capital gains on the debt investments that we hold and capital gains, if any, on equity interests that we may acquire. We expect our debt investments, whether in the form of first and second lien term loans, mezzanine debt or high yield bonds, to have terms of up to ten years, and to bear interest at either a fixed or floating rate. Interest on debt will be payable generally either quarterly or semi-annually. In some cases our debt investments may provide for a portion of the interest to be paid-in-kind (“PIK”). To the extent interest is paid-in-kind, it will be payable through the increase of the principal amount of the obligation by the amount of interest due on the then-outstanding aggregate principal amount of such obligation. The principal amount of the debt and any accrued but unpaid interest will generally become due at the maturity date. In addition, we may generate revenue in the form of commitment, origination, structuring or diligence fees, fees for providing managerial assistance or investment management services and possibly consulting fees. Any such fees will be generated in connection with our investments and recognized as earned. We may also invest in preferred equity securities that pay dividends on a current basis.
Pursuant to an agreement with our investment adviser entered into on October 17, 2006, prior to becoming a BDC, we acquired the right to act as investment adviser to CDO Fund III and collect the management fees related thereto from March 20, 2007 until the liquidation of the CDO Fund III assets. We paid our investment adviser a fair market price of $0.1 million for the right to act as investment advisor to CDO Fund III.
On January 22, 2008, we entered into a collateral management agreement with GSCIC CLO pursuant to which we act as its collateral manager and receive a senior collateral management fee of 0.10% and a subordinate collateral management fee of 0.40% of the outstanding principal amount of GSCIC CLO’s assets, paid quarterly to the extent of available proceeds. We are also entitled to an incentive management fee equal to 20% of excess cash flow to the extent the GSCIC CLO subordinated notes receive an internal rate of return equal to or greater than 12%.
We recognize interest income on our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO using the effective interest method, based on the anticipated yield and the estimated cash flows over the projected life of the investment. Yields are revised when there are changes in actual or estimated cash flows due to changes in prepayments and/or re-investments, credit losses or asset pricing. Changes in estimated yield are recognized as an adjustment to the estimated yield over the remaining life of the investment from the date the estimated yield was changed.
Expenses
Our primary operating expenses include the payment of investment advisory and management fees, professional fees, directors and officers insurance, fees paid to independent directors and administrator expenses, including our allocable portion of our administrator’s overhead. Our allocable portion is based on the ratio of our total assets to the total assets administered by our administrator. Our investment advisory and management fees compensate our investment adviser for its work in identifying, evaluating, negotiating, closing and monitoring our investments. We bear all other costs and expenses of our operations and transactions, including those relating to:
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• | organization; | ||
• | calculating our net asset value (including the costs and expenses of any independent valuation firm); | ||
• | expenses incurred by our investment adviser payable to third parties, including agents, consultants or other advisers, in monitoring our financial and legal affairs and in monitoring our investments and performing due diligence on our prospective portfolio companies; | ||
• | interest payable on debt, if any, incurred to finance our investments; | ||
• | offerings of our common stock and other securities; | ||
• | investment advisory and management fees; | ||
• | administration fees; | ||
• | fees payable to third parties, including agents, consultants or other advisers, relating to, or associated with, evaluating and making investments; | ||
• | transfer agent and custodial fees; | ||
• | registration and listing fees; | ||
• | taxes; | ||
• | independent directors’ fees and expenses; | ||
• | costs of preparing and filing reports or other documents with the SEC; | ||
• | the costs of any reports; | ||
• | proxy statements or other notices to stockholders, including printing costs; | ||
• | to the extent we are covered by any joint insurance policies, our allocable portion of the insurance premiums for such joint policies; | ||
• | direct costs and expenses of administration, including auditor and legal costs; and | ||
• | all other expenses incurred by us or our administrator in connection with administering our business. |
The amount payable to GSC Group as administrator under the administration agreement is capped to the effect that such amount, together with our other operating expenses, does not exceed an amount equal to 1.5% per annum of our net assets attributable to common stock. In addition, during the initial two year term of the administration agreement, GSC Group has waived our reimbursement obligation under the administration agreement until our total assets exceed $500 million.
Pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement, we pay GSC Group as investment adviser a quarterly base management fee of 1.75% of the average value of our total assets (other than cash or cash equivalents but including assets purchased with borrowed funds) at the end of the two most recently completed fiscal quarters, and appropriately adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the applicable fiscal quarter, and an incentive fee.
The incentive fee has two parts:
• | A fee, payable quarterly in arrears, equal to 20% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income, expressed as a rate of return on the value of the net assets at the end of the immediately preceding quarter, that exceeds a 1.875% quarterly (7.5% annualized) hurdle rate measured as of the end of each fiscal quarter. Under this provision, in any fiscal quarter, our investment adviser receives no incentive fee unless our pre-incentive fee net investment income exceeds the hurdle rate of 1.875%. Amounts received as a return of capital are not included in calculating this portion of the incentive fee. Since the hurdle rate is based on net assets, a return of less than the hurdle rate on total assets may still result in an incentive fee. | ||
• | A fee, payable at the end of each fiscal year, equal to 20% of our net realized capital gains, if any, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation, in each case on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of capital gains incentive fees paid to the investment adviser through such date. |
We will defer cash payment of any incentive fee otherwise earned by our investment adviser if, during the most recent four full fiscal quarter period ending on or prior to the date such payment is to be made, the sum of (a) our aggregate distributions to our stockholders and (b) our change in net assets (defined as total assets less liabilities) (before taking into account any incentive fees payable during that period) is less than 7.5% of our net assets at the beginning of such period. These calculations will be appropriately pro rated for the first three fiscal quarters of operation and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the applicable period. Such incentive fee will become payable on the next date on which such test has been satisfied for the most recent four full fiscal quarters. We commenced deferring cash payment of incentive fees during the quarterly period ending August 31, 2007, and have continued to defer such payments through the current quarterly period; we have recorded a payable in respect of such deferred fees in the amount of $1.3 million as of August 31, 2008.
To the extent that any of our leveraged loans are denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars, we may enter into currency hedging contracts to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. We may also enter into interest rate hedging agreements. Such hedging activities, which will be subject to compliance with applicable legal requirements, may include the use of interest rate caps, futures, options and forward contracts. Costs incurred in entering into or settling such contracts will be borne by us.
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From the commencement of operations until March 23, 2008, GSC Group reimbursed us for operating expenses to the extent that our total annual operating expenses (other than investment advisory and management fees and interest and credit facility expenses) exceeded an amount equal to 1.55% of our net assets attributable to common stock.
Portfolio and Investment Activity
Corporate Debt Portfolio Overview(1)
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Number of investments | 44 | 43 | ||||||
Number of portfolio companies | 37 | 36 | ||||||
Average investment size | $2.9 | $3.3 | ||||||
Weighted average maturity | 3.8 years | 3.8 years | ||||||
Number of industries | 23 | 23 | ||||||
Average investment per portfolio company | $3.5 | $4.0 | ||||||
Non-Performing or delinquent investments | 1 | — | ||||||
Fixed rate debt (% of interest bearing portfolio) | $53.7 (42.0%) | $57.0 (39.6%) | ||||||
Weighted average current coupon | 11.6% | 11.6% | ||||||
Floating rate debt (% of interest bearing portfolio) | $74.1 (58.0%) | $86.8 (60.4%) | ||||||
Weighted average current spread over LIBOR | 5.7% | 5.6% |
(1) | Excludes our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO and GSC Partners CDO GP III, LP. |
One of our portfolio companies, Atlantis Plastics, filed for bankruptcy on August 10, 2008 and our debt investment in such company is being accounted for on a non-accrual basis. At August 31, 2008, we valued our investment in $6.5 million in aggregate principal amount in the Atlantis Plastics first lien term loan at $3.5 million.
During the three months ended August 31, 2008, we made 4 investments in an aggregate amount of $9.2 million consisting of $6.4 million in new portfolio companies and $2.8 million to existing portfolio companies. Also during the three months ended August 31, 2008, we had $6.0 million in aggregate amount of exits and repayments, resulting in net investments of $3.2 million in aggregate amount for the period.
For the equivalent period in 2007, which was our second quarter of operations and during which we were ramping our portfolio using the proceeds of our IPO and credit facilities, we made 25 investments in an aggregate amount of $40.2 million consisting of $25.5 million to new portfolio companies and $14.7 million to existing portfolio companies. During such period, we also had $47.8 million in aggregate amount of exits and repayments resulting in net repayments of $7.6 million in aggregate amount for the period.
Our portfolio composition at August 31, 2008 and February 29, 2008 was as follows:
Portfolio composition
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Percentage of | Weighted Average | Percentage of | Weighted Average | |||||||||||||
Total Portfolio | Current Yield | Total Portfolio | Current Yield | |||||||||||||
First lien term loans | 17.2 | % | 7.8 | % | 15.3 | % | 8.1 | % | ||||||||
Second lien term loans | 32.3 | 9.9 | 36.1 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||
Senior secured notes | 19.8 | 11.6 | 18.3 | 11.5 | ||||||||||||
Unsecured notes | 13.7 | 12.2 | 13.5 | 12.2 | ||||||||||||
GSCIC CLO subordinated notes | 16.7 | 20.2 | 16.7 | 8.4 | ||||||||||||
Equity/limited partnership interests | 0.3 | N/A | 0.1 | N/A | ||||||||||||
Total | 100.0 | % | 11.9 | % | 100.0 | % | 10.3 | % | ||||||||
Our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO represents a first loss position in a portfolio that, at August 31, 2008, was composed of $417.9 million in aggregate principal amount of predominantly senior secured first lien term loans. This investment is subject to unique risks. (See Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors—Risks related to our investments—Our investment in GSCIC CLO constitutes a leveraged investment in a portfolio of predominantly senior secured first lien term loans and is subject to additional risks and volatility” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2008) and we do not consolidate the GSCIC portfolio on our financial statements. Accordingly, the metrics below do not include the underlying GSCIC CLO portfolio investments. However, at August 31, 2008, no GSCIC CLO portfolio investment was in payment default or delinquent on any payment obligations and over 92% of the GSCIC portfolio investments had a CMR numerical debt score of less than 2.99 and a corporate letter rating of A or B.
GSC Group normally grades all of our investments using an internally developed credit and monitoring rating system (“CMR”). The CMR rating consists of two components: (i) a numerical debt score and (ii) a corporate letter rating. The numerical debt score is based on the objective evaluation of six risk categories: (i) leverage; (ii) seniority in the capital structure; (iii) fixed charge coverage ratio; (iv) debt service
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coverage/liquidity; (v) operating performance; and (vi) business/industry risk. The numerical debt score ranges from 1.00 to 5.00, which can generally be characterized as follows:
• | 1.00-2.00 represents investments that hold senior positions in the capital structure and, typically, have low financial leverage and/or strong historical operating performance; | ||
• | 2.00-3.00 represents investments that hold relatively senior positions in the capital structure, either senior secured, senior unsecured, or senior subordinate, and have moderate financial leverage and/or are performing at or above expectations; | ||
• | 3.00-4.00 represents investments that are junior in the capital structure, have moderate financial leverage and/or are performing at or below expectations; and | ||
• | 4.00-5.00 represents investments that are highly leveraged and/or have poor operating performance. |
The numerical debt score is designed to produce higher scores for debt positions that are more subordinate in the capital structure. Therefore, second lien term loans, high-yield bonds and mezzanine debt will generally be assigned scores of 2.25 or higher.
The CMR also consists of a corporate letter rating whereby each credit is assigned a letter rating based on several subjective criteria, including perceived financial and operating strength and covenant compliance. The corporate letter ratings range from (A) through (F) and are characterized as follows: (A) equals strong credit; (B) equals satisfactory credit; (C) equals special attention credit; (D) equals payment default risk; (E) equals payment default; and (F) equals restructured equity security.
The CMR distribution of our investments at August 31, 2008 and February 29, 2008 were as follows:
Portfolio CMR distribution
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Investments at | Percentage of | Investments at | Percentage of | |||||||||||||
Numerical Debt Score | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | ||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
1.00 - 1.99 | $ | 7,707 | 5.0 | % | $ | 11,863 | 6.9 | % | ||||||||
2.00 - 2.99 | 62,953 | 40.9 | 87,423 | 50.6 | ||||||||||||
3.00 - 3.99 | 51,400 | 33.4 | 44,459 | 25.7 | ||||||||||||
4.00 - 4.99 | 5,798 | 3.8 | — | — | ||||||||||||
5.00 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
N/A(1) | 25,916 | 16.9 | 29,092 | 16.8 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 153,774 | 100.0 | % | $ | 172,837 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Investments at | Percentage of | Investments at | Percentage of | |||||||||||||
Corporate Letter Rating | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | ||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
A | $ | 4,875 | 3.1 | % | $ | 0 | 0.0 | % | ||||||||
B | 88,717 | 57.7 | 112,019 | 64.8 | ||||||||||||
C | 30,765 | 20.0 | 31,726 | 18.4 | ||||||||||||
D | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
E | 3,501 | 2.3 | — | — | ||||||||||||
F | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
N/A(1) | 25,916 | 16.9 | 29,092 | 16.8 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 153,774 | 100.0 | % | $ | 172,837 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
(1) | Predominantly comprised of our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO. |
The following table shows the portfolio composition by industry grouping at fair value at August 31, 2008 and February 29, 2008.
Portfolio composition by industry grouping at fair value
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Investments at | Percentage of | Investments at | Percentage of | |||||||||||||
Fair Value | Total Portfolio | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Structured Finance Securities(1) | $ | 25,739 | 16.7 | % | $ | 28,915 | 16.7 | % | ||||||||
Manufacturing | 17,534 | 11.4 | 15,030 | 8.7 | ||||||||||||
Packaging | 13,526 | 8.8 | 16,370 | 9.5 | ||||||||||||
Publishing | 10,712 | 7.0 | 9,289 | 5.4 | ||||||||||||
Consumer Products | 8,919 | 5.8 | 10,021 | 5.8 | ||||||||||||
Oil and Gas | 8,694 | 5.7 | 7,738 | 4.5 | ||||||||||||
Electronics | 7,912 | 5.1 | 6,377 | 3.7 | ||||||||||||
Metals | 7,466 | 4.9 | 5,129 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
Natural Resources | 7,156 | 4.7 | 4,167 | 2.4 |
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At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Investments at | Percentage of | Investments at | Percentage of | |||||||||||||
Fair Value | Total Portfolio | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | |||||||||||||
Apparel | 6,831 | 4.4 | 8,004 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||
Healthcare Services | 6,718 | 4.4 | 6,040 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||
Homebuilding | 5,798 | 3.8 | 5,912 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||
Environmental | 4,774 | 3.1 | 5,066 | 2.9 | ||||||||||||
Agriculture | 4,742 | 3.1 | 3,850 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||
Financial Services | 3,836 | 2.5 | 3,815 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||
Logistics | 2,467 | 1.6 | 2,688 | 1.6 | ||||||||||||
Building Products | 1,907 | 1.2 | 2,964 | 1.7 | ||||||||||||
Insurance | 1,872 | 1.2 | 1,700 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Food and Beverage | 1,779 | 1.2 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Chemicals | 1,670 | 1.1 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Printing | 1,597 | 1.0 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Software | 960 | 0.6 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Education | 805 | 0.5 | 1,546 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||
Consumer Services | 360 | 0.2 | 1,290 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
Automotive | — | — | 22,158 | 12.8 | ||||||||||||
Retail | — | — | 2,179 | 1.3 | ||||||||||||
Gaming | — | — | 1,730 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Restaurants | — | — | 859 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 153,774 | 100.0 | % | $ | 172,837 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
(1) | Comprised of our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO. |
The following table shows the portfolio composition by geographic location at fair value at August 31, 2008 and February 29, 2008. The geographic composition is determined by the location of the corporate headquarters of the portfolio company.
Portfolio composition by geographic location at fair value
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Investments at | Percentage of | Investments at | Percentage of | |||||||||||||
Fair Value | Total Portfolio | Fair Value | Total Portfolio | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Midwest | $ | 37,993 | 24.7 | % | $ | 40,109 | 23.2 | % | ||||||||
Southeast | 32,406 | 21.1 | 33,685 | 19.5 | ||||||||||||
Other(1) | 25,916 | 16.9 | 29,092 | 16.8 | ||||||||||||
West | 25,105 | 16.3 | 24,450 | 14.2 | ||||||||||||
Northeast | 16,619 | 10.8 | 11,395 | 6.6 | ||||||||||||
International | 14,775 | 9.6 | 13,739 | 7.9 | ||||||||||||
Mid-Atlantic | 960 | 0.6 | 20,367 | 11.8 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 153,774 | 100.0 | % | $ | 172,837 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
(1) | Predominantly comprised of our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO. |
Results of Operations
Investment Income
Total investment income was $11.5 million for the six months ended August 31, 2008 versus $10.0 million for the six months ended August 31, 2007, an increase of $1.5 million, or 15.7%. The increase is predominantly attributable to the Company being operational for only five months during the six month period ending August 31, 2007.
Total investment income was $5.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2008 versus $5.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2007, a decrease of less than 0.1 million, or 0.8%.
The composition of our investment income in each period was as follows:
Investment Income
Six months ended | Three months ended | |||||||||||||||
August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest from investments | $ | 10,350 | $ | 9,407 | $ | 5,256 | $ | 5,726 | ||||||||
Management of GSCIC CLO | 1,012 | — | 489 | — | ||||||||||||
Management of CDO III | — | 384 | — | — |
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Six months ended | Three months ended | |||||||||||||||
August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest from cash and cash equivalents and other income | 185 | 193 | 90 | 156 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 11,547 | $ | 9,984 | $ | 5,835 | $ | 5,882 | ||||||||
For the three and six months ended August 31, 2008, total PIK income was $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively. For the equivalent periods in 2007, total PIK income was $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses before manager reimbursement were $5.5 million for the six months ended August 31, 2008 versus $5.5 million for the six months ended August 31, 2007, an increase of less than $0.1 million, or 0.04%. Total operating expenses before manager reimbursement were $2.6 million for the three months ended August 31, 2008 versus $3.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2007, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 13.2%. The composition of our operating expenses in each period was as follows:
Operating Expenses
Six months ended | Three months ended | |||||||||||||||
August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | August 31, 2008 | August 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest and credit facility expense | $ | 1,457 | $ | 2,172 | $ | 624 | $ | 1,451 | ||||||||
Base management fees | 1,454 | 1,279 | 706 | 918 | ||||||||||||
Professional fees | 660 | 864 | 315 | 322 | ||||||||||||
Incentive management fees | 747 | 341 | 407 | (18 | ) | |||||||||||
Administrator expenses | 509 | — | 261 | — | ||||||||||||
Insurance expenses | 345 | 275 | 177 | 157 | ||||||||||||
Directors fees | 140 | 179 | 73 | 83 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 143 | 342 | 78 | 130 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 5,455 | $ | 5,452 | $ | 2,641 | $ | 3,043 | ||||||||
The decrease in interest and credit facility expense for the three and six months ended August 31, 2008 versus the equivalent periods in fiscal year 2008 was due to decreased borrowing under the Revolving Facility. The increase in Administrator expenses for the three and six months ended August 31, 2008 versus the equivalent periods in fiscal year 2008 was due to a change in the financial statement presentation of these expenses (gross versus net). Administrator expenses are fully offset by an expense waiver and reimbursement from GSC Group.
For the six months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded $0.6 million in expense waiver and reimbursement from the administrator and Manager based upon our total estimated annual operating expenses versus $0.6 million for the six months ended August 31, 2007. For the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded $0.3 million in expense waiver and reimbursement from the administrator and Manager based upon our total estimated annual operating expenses versus $0.3 million for the three months ended August 31, 2007. The termination of the expense reimbursement as of March 23, 2008 (which does not affect the waiver of Administrator expenses under the administration agreement) will have a negative effect on our net investment income during fiscal year 2009 versus the equivalent period for fiscal year 2008.
Net Realized Gains/Losses from Investments
For the six months ended August 31, 2008, the Company had $0.1 million of net realized losses versus $1.4 million of net realized gains for the six months ended August 31, 2007. For the three months ended August 31, 2008, the Company had $0.2 million of net realized gains versus $0.4 million of net realized gains for the three months ended August 31, 2007. The most significant gains and losses for the six months ending August 31, 2008 were the following:
Net Realized | ||||||||||||||
Issuer | Asset Type | Gross Proceeds | Cost | Gain (Loss) | ||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Key Safety Systems | First Lien Term Loan | $ | 2,063 | $ | 1,857 | $ | 206 | |||||||
SILLC Holdings, LLC | Second Lien Term Loan | 23,049 | 22,878 | 171 | ||||||||||
CCM Merger, Inc. | First Lien Term Loan | 1,758 | 1,670 | 88 | ||||||||||
Claire’s Stores, Inc. | First Lien Term Loan | 2,105 | 2,586 | (481 | ) | |||||||||
Jason Incorporated | Unsecured Notes | 1,581 | 1,700 | (119 | ) | |||||||||
Decrane Aircraft Holdings, Inc | Second Lien Term Loan | 3,620 | 3,710 | (90 | ) | |||||||||
GFSI, Inc. | Senior Secured Notes | 925 | 997 | (72 | ) |
Net Unrealized Appreciation/Depreciation on Investments
For the six months ended August 31, 2008, the Company’s investments had an increase in net unrealized depreciation of $6.3 million versus an increase in net unrealized depreciation of $3.6 million for the six months ended August 31, 2007. For the three months ended August 31, 2008, the Company’s investments had an increase in net unrealized depreciation of $6.2 million versus an increase in net unrealized
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depreciation of $4.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2007. The most significant cumulative changes in unrealized appreciation and depreciation for the six months ended August 31, 2008, were the following:
Total Unrealized | YTD Change in Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||
Issuer | Asset Type | Cost | Fair Value | Depreciation | Appreciation/(Depreciation) | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
SILLC Holdings | Second Lien Term Loan | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 2,582 | (1) | ||||||||
EuroFresh Inc. | Unsecured Notes | 6,899 | 4,743 | (2,156 | ) | 884 | ||||||||||||
GSCIC CLO | Other/Structured Finance Securities | 30,000 | 25,739 | (4,261 | ) | (3,176 | ) | |||||||||||
Terphane Holdings Corp. | Senior Secured Notes | 10,441 | 7,619 | (2,822 | ) | (1,948 | ) | |||||||||||
Targus Group International | First/Second Lien Term Loan | 7,631 | 5,806 | (1,825 | ) | (854 | ) | |||||||||||
Network Communications | Unsecured Notes | 5,089 | 3,597 | (1,492 | ) | (797 | ) | |||||||||||
Atlantis Plastics Films, Inc. | First Lien Term Loan | 6,462 | 3,501 | (2,961 | ) | (768 | ) | |||||||||||
M/C Communications | First Lien Term Loan | 1,560 | 805 | (755 | ) | (729 | ) | |||||||||||
Jason Incorporated | Unsecured Notes | 13,700 | 12,659 | (1,041 | ) | (672 | ) |
(1) | Reversal of previously recorded net unrealized depreciation. |
The $3.2 million net unrealized depreciation in our investment in the GSCIC subordinated notes was due to an increase in the assumed portfolio default rate and present value discount rate in our discounted cash flow model. These changes were made in accordance with current market practice for CLO equity investments and not as a result of any change in the underlying GSCIC portfolio. Certain other of our portfolio investments realized significant unrealized depreciation as a result of distressed sales by third parties in illiquid markets. Such forced sales, even when they occur for reasons entirely unrelated to the underlying investment, can have a disproportionate effect on the fair value of an illiquid portfolio investment. Other portfolio investments incurred material unrealized depreciation as a result of market-wide increases in interest yield. We believe that such market-wide movements are not necessarily indicative of any changes in the condition or prospects of the affected portfolio investments.
Net Unrealized Appreciation/Depreciation on Derivatives
For the six months ended August 31, 2008, changes in the value of the interest rate caps purchased pursuant to the credit facilities resulted in an unrealized depreciation of $0.03 million versus an unrealized depreciation of $0.04 million for the six months ended August 31, 2007. For the three months ended August 31, 2008, changes in the value of the interest rate caps resulted in an unrealized depreciation of $0.02 million versus an unrealized appreciation of $0.01 million for the three months ended August 31, 2007.
Changes in Net Asset Value from Operations
For the six months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded a net increase in net assets resulting from operations of $0.2 million versus a net increase in net assets resulting from operations of $2.9 million for the six months ended August 31, 2007. The difference is attributable to the increased unrealized depreciation in our portfolio between the two periods, which outweighed the increase in total investment income between the two periods. Based on 8,291,384 weighted average common shares outstanding as of August 31, 2008, our per share net increase in net assets resulting from operations was $0.03 for the six months ended August 31, 2008 versus a per share net increase resulting from operations of $0.37 for the six months ended August 31, 2007 (based on 7,938,438 weighted average common shares outstanding as of August 31, 2007).
For the three months ended August 31, 2008, we recorded a net decrease in net assets resulting from operations of $2.6 million versus a net decrease in net assets resulting from operations of $0.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2007. The difference is attributable to the increased unrealized depreciation in our portfolio between the two periods, which outweighed the decrease in total expenses net of expense waiver and reimbursement between the two periods. Based on 8,291,384 weighted average common shares outstanding as of August 31, 2007 and August 31, 2008, our per share net decrease in net assets resulting from operations was $0.31 for the three months ended August 31, 2008 versus a per share net decrease of $0.09 for the three months ended August 31, 2007.
Financial condition, liquidity and capital resources
The Company’s liquidity and capital resources have been generated primarily from the net proceeds of its IPO, advances from the Revolving Facility, as well as cash flows from operations. On March 28, 2007, we completed our IPO and issued 7,250,000 common shares and received net proceeds of $100.7 million.
On April 11, 2007, we entered into a revolving securitized credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) pursuant to which we may borrow up to $100 million. The revolving period of the Revolving Facility terminates on April 5, 2010, after which the Revolving Facility will enter into a two year amortization period during which all principal proceeds from the collateral will be used to repay outstanding borrowings. At the end of the two year amortization period, all advances will be due and payable.
Advances under the Revolving Facility were initially used to purchase $55.8 million in aggregate principal amount of debt investments from CDO Fund III. Future advances under the Revolving Facility may be used to purchase additional investments as they become available. A
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significant percentage of our total assets have been pledged under the Revolving Facility to secure our obligations thereunder. Under the Revolving Facility, funds are borrowed from or through certain lenders at prevailing commercial paper rates or, if the commercial paper market is at any time unavailable, at prevailing LIBOR rates, plus 0.70%, payable monthly.
At February 29, 2008, we had $78.5 million in borrowings under the Revolving Facility and $21.5 million of undrawn commitments remaining. At August 31, 2008, we had $66.3 million in borrowings under the Revolving Facility and $33.7 million of undrawn commitments remaining. The actual amount we may borrow at any given time (the “Borrowing Base”) is dependent upon the amount and quality of the collateral securing the Revolving Facility. At any given time, the incremental borrowing capacity available to us, which is the amount by which the Borrowing Base exceeds the outstanding borrowings at such time, may be significantly less than the amount of undrawn commitments. Our Borrowing Base was $67.8 million at August 31, 2008 versus $83.6 million at February 29, 2008. The decline in our Borrowing Base during this period is mainly attributable to the decline in the value of the pledged collateral and the downgrade of certain public ratings or private credit estimates of the pledged collateral.
For purposes of determining the Borrowing Base, most assets are assigned the values set forth in our most recent quarterly report filed with the SEC. Accordingly, the August 31, 2008 Borrowing Base relies upon the valuations set forth in the quarterly report for the quarter ending May 31, 2008. The valuations presented in this quarterly report will not be incorporated into the Borrowing Base until after this report is filed with the SEC. If the August 31, 2008 valuations were used to calculate the Borrowing Base at August 31, 2008, the collateral balance would have been $116.3 million versus $117.8 million when using the May 31, 2008 valuations. At August 31, 2008, the Company had $1.6 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents that could be pledged under the Revolving Facility to increase the Borrowing Base or to repay outstanding borrowings. In addition, in October 2008, we sold $7.0 million in aggregate principal amount of EuroFresh Inc. unsecured notes that had a collateral value for purposes of the Borrowing Base of $0.7 million and a fair value at August 31, 2008 of $4.7 million for $2.9 million in cash which will be used to either increase the Borrowing Base or repay outstanding borrowings. The sale of the Eurofresh Inc. unsecured notes will result in a realized loss of $4.0 million and a reversal of $2.2 million unrealized depreciation on our November 30, 2008 financial statements.
A Borrowing Base violation will occur if our outstanding borrowings exceeds the Borrowing Base at any time. We can cure a Borrowing Base violation by reducing our borrowing below the Borrowing Base (by, e.g., selling collateral and repaying borrowings) or pledging additional collateral to increase the Borrowing Base. If we fail to cure a Borrowing Base violation within the specified time, a default under the Revolving Facility shall occur. Please see Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors-Ratings downgrades in our portfolio could require us to liquidate assets or face a default under the Revolving Facility” below for more information and risks related to the Revolving Facility.
Among the requirements of the Revolving Facility is that our tangible net worth equals or exceeds $88 million. At August 31, 2008, our tangible net worth was $91.6 million versus $97.9 million at February 29, 2008. The decline in our net worth during this period was due to the increase in unrealized depreciation in the value of our portfolio. If we fail to satisfy the tangible net worth test at any time, the undrawn commitments under the Revolving Facility will be reduced to zero and the Revolving Facility will enter its two year amortization period.
Our asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, was 238% at August 31, 2008 versus 225% at February 29, 2008.
As of August 31, 2008 and February 29, 2008, the fair value of investments, cash and cash equivalents and cash and cash equivalents, securitization accounts was as follows:
At August 31, 2008 | At February 29, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Fair | Percent | Fair | Percent | |||||||||||||
Value | of Total | Value | of Total | |||||||||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 4,859 | 2.9 | % | $ | 1,073 | 0.6 | % | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, securitization accounts | 6,264 | 3.8 | 14,581 | 7.7 | ||||||||||||
First lien term loans | 26,516 | 16.1 | 26,362 | 14.0 | ||||||||||||
Second lien term loans | 49,671 | 30.1 | 62,446 | 33.1 | ||||||||||||
Senior secured notes | 30,430 | 18.5 | 31,657 | 16.8 | ||||||||||||
Unsecured notes | 20,998 | 12.7 | 23,280 | 12.4 | ||||||||||||
Other/structured finance securities | 25,739 | 15.6 | 28,915 | 15.3 | ||||||||||||
Equity/limited partnership interests | 420 | 0.3 | 176 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 164,897 | 100.0 | % | $ | 188,490 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
On August 19, 2008, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.39 per share payable on September 15, 2008, to common stockholders of record on August 29, 2008.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At August 31, 2008 and February 29, 2008, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Our business activities contain elements of market risk. We consider our principal market risks to be fluctuations in interest rates and the inherent difficulty of determining the fair value of our investments that do not have a readily available market value. Managing these risks is essential to our business. Accordingly, we have systems and procedures designed to identify and analyze our risks, to establish appropriate policies and thresholds and to continually monitor these risks and thresholds by means of administrative and information technology systems and other policies and processes.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is defined as the sensitivity of our current and future earnings to interest rate volatility, including relative changes in different interest rates, variability of spread relationships, the difference in re-pricing intervals between our assets and liabilities and the effect that interest rates may have on our cash flows. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on interest earning assets and our interest expense incurred in connection with our interest bearing debt and liabilities. Changes in interest rates can also affect, among other things, our ability to acquire leveraged loans, high yield bonds and other debt investments and the value of our investment portfolio.
Our investment income is affected by fluctuations in various interest rates, including LIBOR and the prime rate. A large portion of our portfolio is, and we expect will continue to be, comprised of floating rate investments that utilize LIBOR. Our interest expense is affected by fluctuations in the commercial paper rate or, if the commercial paper market is unavailable, LIBOR. As of August 31, 2008, we had $66.3 million of borrowings outstanding at a floating rate tied to the prevailing commercial paper rate plus a margin of 0.70%.
In April and May 2007, pursuant to the Revolving Facility, the Company entered into two interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts of $34 million (increased to $40 million in May 2007) and $60.9 million. These agreements provide for a payment to the Company in the event LIBOR exceeds 8%, mitigating our exposure to increases in LIBOR. At August 31, 2008, the aggregate interest rate cap agreement notional amount was $79.1 million.
We have analyzed the potential impact of changes in interest rates on interest income from investments net of interest expense on the Revolving Facility. Assuming that our investments as of August 31, 2008 were to remain constant for a full fiscal year and no actions were taken to alter the existing interest rate terms, a hypothetical change of 1% in interest rates would cause a corresponding change of approximately $0.2 million to our interest income net of interest expense.
Although management believes that this measure is indicative of our sensitivity to interest rate changes, it does not adjust for potential changes in credit quality, size and composition of the assets on the balance sheet and other business developments that could magnify or diminish our sensitivity to interest rate changes, nor does it account for divergences in LIBOR and the commercial paper rate, which have historically moved in tandem but, in times of unusual credit dislocations, have experienced periods of divergence. Accordingly, no assurances can be given that actual results would not materially differ from the potential outcome simulated by this estimate.
Portfolio Valuation
We carry our investments at fair value, as determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at such market quotations. We value investments for which market quotations are not readily available at fair value as determined in good faith by our board under our valuation policy and a consistently applied valuation process. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments, and the differences could be material. In addition, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the valuations that are assigned.
The types of factors that we may take into account in fair value pricing of our investments include, as relevant, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, third party valuations, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, yield trend analysis, comparison to publicly-traded securities, recent sales of or offers to buy comparable companies, and other relevant factors. The fair value of our investment in the subordinated notes of GSCIC CLO is based on a discounted cash flow model that utilizes prepayment, re-investment and loss assumptions based on historical experience and projected performance, economic factors, the characteristics of the underlying cash flow, and comparable yields for similar CLO subordinated notes or equity, when available.
The table below describes the primary considerations used by the board of directors in determining the fair value of our investments as of August 31, 2008 for which market quotations are not readily available:
Percent of Total | ||||||||
Fair Value | Investments | |||||||
($ in thousands) | ||||||||
Third party independent valuation firm | $ | 47,784 | 31.1 | % | ||||
Market maker, broker quotes | 60,145 | 39.1 | ||||||
Discounted cash flows model | — | — | ||||||
Interest rate yield trend analysis | 45,669 | 29.7 | ||||||
Other | 176 | 0.1 | ||||||
Total fair valued investments | $ | 153,774 | 100.0 | % | ||||
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Our CEO and CFO have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our current disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
Changes in internal controls over financial reporting
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries are currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, are any material legal proceedings threatened against us or our subsidiaries.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our business is subject to certain risks and events that, if they occur, could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations and the trading price of our common stock. For a discussion of these risks, please refer to Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2008. In addition, please consider the following:
Price declines and illiquidity in the corporate debt markets have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, the fair value of our portfolio investments, reducing our NAV through increased net unrealized depreciation and limiting our ability to borrow under our Revolving Credit Facility.
The continuing unprecedented declines in prices and liquidity in the corporate debt markets have resulted in significant net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. (See Part I, Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Results of Operations — Net Unrealized Appreciation/Depreciation on Investments” in this quarterly report for details) Portfolio investments that are valued based on market prices have been directly affected by the general decline in prices. The value of some thinly traded investments have been adversely affected as a result of the pricing effects of distressed sales, which are magnified by the decline in the volume of transactions caused by market illiquidity. Portfolio investments that are internally valued (based on pricing models) have been affected by adverse general market trends, such as the increase in yield as a result of increased risk aversion among investors. The effect of all of these factors on our portfolio has reduced our NAV by increasing net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio and limited our ability to finance the purchase of additional portfolio investments under our Revolving Credit Facility. To the extent these adverse conditions continue, our business could be adversely affected and we may not be able to sustain or increase our NAV and/or continue to generate sufficient net investment income to fund our dividend.
Ratings downgrades in our portfolio could require us to liquidate assets or face a default under the Revolving Facility.
The amount we may draw under our Revolving Facility is based, in part, on the ratings of the collateral we have pledged to secure borrowings under the Revolving Facility. (See Part I, Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources” in this quarterly report for details) In addition, securities deemed to have a rating of Caa2 or below by Moody’s may not constitute more than 20% of such collateral. As of August 31, 2008, approximately 24.8% of our portfolio that could otherwise serve as collateral was deemed to be rated Caa2 or below by Moody’s and a further 7.3% of our portfolio was deemed to be rated Caa1. In some cases, we feel that these ratings do not reflect the underlying strength of the investment; in other cases, we feel that current market conditions preclude obtaining a fair sale price for the investment.
If additional collateral assets are downgraded to Caa2 or below, our Borrowing Base would decrease and may be less than our outstanding borrowings. In such circumstances, we would be required to repay the excess borrowing within a prescribed time limit or increase our Borrowing Base by pledging more collateral. Failure to cure a Borrowing Base violation within the prescribed time limit constitutes a default under the Revolving Facility and may result in a termination of all outstanding loan commitments and acceleration of all outstanding loans. If we are unable to promptly repay the accelerated loans, our lenders could liquidate the pledged collateral.
We are dependent on our investment adviser’s key personnel to execute our business strategy and personnel changes may negatively impact our future performance.
We are dependent on the personnel and resources of our investment adviser to execute our business plan. In response to market conditions, particularly a reduction in the overall volume of middle market corporate debt transactions, our investment adviser recently reorganized and reduced the staff in its U.S. corporate debt business, which manages the Company. As part of these changes, our chief executive officer and president (who also served as a director) resigned and was replaced. In the event the investment adviser is not able to
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devote sufficient resources to us, or our management team is unable to effectively manage our business, our financial performance could be negatively impacted.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Sales of unregistered securities
We did not sell any securities during the period covered by this report that were not registered under the Securities Act.
Issuer purchases of equity securities
In June 2008, as part of our dividend reinvestment plan for our common stockholders, we purchased 57,645 shares of our common stock for $0.6 million in the open market in order to satisfy the reinvestment portion of our dividends. The following chart outlines repurchases of our common stock during the quarter ended August 31, 2008.
Total Number | Maximum Number | |||||||||||||||
of Shares | (or Approximate | |||||||||||||||
Purchased as | Dollar Value) of | |||||||||||||||
Part of Publicly | Shares that May | |||||||||||||||
Total Number | Average | Announced | Yet be Purchased | |||||||||||||
of Shares | Price Paid | Plans or | Under the Plans or | |||||||||||||
Period | Purchased | per Share | Program | Programs | ||||||||||||
($ In thousands, except per share numbers) | ||||||||||||||||
June 1, 2008 through June 30, 2008 | 58 | (1) | $ | 10.45 | — | — | ||||||||||
Total | 58 | $ | 10.45 | — | — | |||||||||||
(1) | Pursuant to our dividend reinvestment plan, we directed our plan administrator to purchase the indicated quantity of shares in the open market in order to satisfy our obligations to deliver share of common stock to our stockholders with respect to our dividend for the quarter ending May 31, 2008. |
Item 3.Defaults upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit | ||||
Number | Description | |||
31.1 | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
31.2 | Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
32.1 | Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
GSCInvestment CORP. | ||||||
Date: October 15, 2008 | By | /s/ Seth M. Katzenstein | ||||
Director, Chief Executive Officer and President, GSC Investment Corp. | ||||||
By | /s/ richard t. allorto, jr. | |||||
Richard T. Allorto, Jr. | ||||||
Chief Financial Officer, GSC Investment Corp. |
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