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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT DATED 23 February 2007 (to Prospectus dated 13 February 2007) |
$4,936,000,000 Issue 2007-1 Notes
PERMANENT MASTER ISSUER PLC
Issuing Entity
PERMANENT FUNDING (NO. 2) LIMITED | HALIFAX PLC |
Depositor | Sponsor, Seller, Servicer and Cash Manager |
The offering in respect of the issue 2007-1 notes comprises the following series and classes of notes:
Series
|
Class
| |
Initial Principal Amount
| |
Interest Rate
| |
Price to Public per Note
| |
Net Proceeds to Issuing Entity per Class of Notes
| | Underwriters’ Management and Underwriting Fee | |
Underwriters’ Selling Commission
| |
Scheduled Redemption Dates
| |
Final Maturity Date
| |
Series 1 | Class A | | $1,000,000,000 | | 0.02% margin below one-month USD-LIBOR | | 100 per cent. | | $1,000,000,000 | | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | | January 2008 | | January 2008 | |
Series 2 | Class A1 | | $1,500,000,000 | | 0.05% margin over three-month USD-LIBOR | | 100 per cent. | | $1,500,000,000 | | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | | January 2010 | | January 2016 | |
Series 2 | Class A2 | | $1,000,000,000 | | 0.05% margin over three-month USD-LIBOR | | 100 per cent. | | $1,000,000,000 | | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | | January 2010 | | January 2016 | |
Series 4 | Class A | | $1,350,000,000 | | 0.08% margin over three-month USD-LIBOR | | 100 per cent. | | $1,350,000,000 | | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | | October 2011 and January 2012 | | October 2033 | |
Series 1 | Class B | | $43,000,000 | | 0.05% margin over three-month USD-LIBOR | | 100 per cent. | | $43,000,000 | | 0.0833 per cent. | | 0.1667 per cent. | | - | | July 2042 | |
Series 1 | Class C | | $43,000,000 | | 0.17% margin over three-month USD-LIBOR | | 100 per cent. | | $43,000,000 | | 0.1333 per cent. | | 0.2667 per cent. | | - | | July 2042 | |
The above series and classes of notes (the offered notes) are part of the issue 2007-1 notes of Permanent Master Issuer plc.
Interest on, and principal of, the offered notes will be paid on the 15th day of each calendar month (in the case of the series 1 class A notes) and the 15th day of each of January, April, July and October in the case of each other series and class of offered notes, beginning in April 2007 (in the case of the series 1 class A notes) and April 2007 in the case of each other series and class of offered notes.
You should review and consider the discussion under “Risk factors” beginning on page S-16 in this prospectus supplement and on page 38 of the accompanying prospectus before you purchase any notes.
The offered notes will be admitted to the official list maintained by the UK Listing Authority and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s Gilt Edged and Fixed Interest Market.
The offered notes are not insured or guaranteed by any United States, United Kingdom or any other governmental agency or instrumentality. The offered notes are obligations of Permanent Master Issuer plc only and are not obligations of the sponsor, the Funding 2 security trustee, the issuing entity security trustee, the note trustee, the depositor, any of their affiliates or any other person or entity. The primary asset securing the offered notes is a loan made by Permanent Master Issuer plc to Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited, which in turn is secured by a beneficial interest in a portfolio of residential mortgage loans secured by properties located in England, Wales and Scotland.
The offered notes will have the benefit of certain internal credit support, such as the availability of reserve funds and subordination of certain note classes to other note classes as described in the summary of this prospectus supplement and under “Credit structure” and “Risk factors” in the prospectus.
The offered notes will also have the benefit of the following derivative instruments: (i) an interest rate swap agreement entered into between Halifax, as interest rate swap provider, and Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited and (ii) issuing entity swap agreements to be entered into between Permanent Master Issuer plc and each of Credit Suisse (USA), Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch, as the issuing entity swap providers in respect of the offered notes.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the offered notes or determined that this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence.
The underwriters or affiliates of certain underwriters will pay and subscribe for the offered notes at the price per note stated in the table above. The net proceeds to the issuing entity from the sale of the offered notes is expected to be approximately $4,936,000,000.
Arranger
Underwriters |
Deutsche Bank | Lehman Brothers | UBS Investment Bank |
ABN AMRO | Credit Suisse | Merrill Lynch & Co. |
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Table of Contents
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Important notice about information presented in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus
We provide information to you about the offered notes in two separate documents that progressively provide more detail: this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This prospectus supplement provides the specific terms of the offered notes. The accompanying prospectus provides general information about each series and class of notes issued by Permanent Master Issuer plc, including information on the mortgages trust and the master intercompany loan which is essential to understanding how principal of and interest on the offered notes is expected to be paid. Most of the information provided in the accompanying prospectus does not appear in this prospectus supplement.
The prospectus supplement contains information about the series and classes of notes offered hereby that supplements the information contained in the accompanying prospectus, and you should rely on that supplementary information contained in this prospectus supplement for the particular terms of the offered notes. Consequently, you should carefully read both the accompanying prospectus and this prospectus supplement before you purchase any of the offered notes.
In deciding whether to purchase any offered notes you should rely solely on the information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including information incorporated by reference. We have not authorised anyone to give you different information about the offered notes. The information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is only accurate as of the dates on their respective covers.
This prospectus supplement may be used to offer and sell the offered notes only if accompanied by the prospectus.
Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus contains all of the information included in the registration statement. The registration statement also includes copies of the various material agreements and other documents referred to in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. You may obtain copies of these documents for review. See “Incorporation of certain information by reference” and “Where investors can find more information” in the accompanying prospectus.
We include cross-references in this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying prospectus to captions in these documents where you can find further related information. The preceding Table of Contents and the Table of Contents included in the accompanying prospectus provide the pages on which these captions are located.
To facilitate your review of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus we have included definitions of certain defined terms used in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus under the caption “Glossary” in the accompanying prospectus, beginning on page 261. We have also included an index of principal terms on page 293 in the accompanying prospectus. The index of principal terms lists the pages where terms used in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus are first defined.
References in this prospectus supplement to we, us or the issuing entity mean Permanent Master Issuer plc and references to you mean each potential investor in the offered notes.
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Forward-looking statements
Some of the statements contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus consist of forward-looking statements relating to future economic performance or projections and other financial items. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “may”, “will”, “should”, “expects”, “believes”, “anticipates”, “estimates”, “assumed characteristics”, “structuring assumptions”, “prepayment assumption” or other comparable words.
Forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from the projected results. Those risks and uncertainties include, among others, general economic and business conditions, competition, changes in political, social and economic conditions, regulatory initiatives and compliance with governmental regulations, customer preferences and various other matters, many of which are beyond our control.
Because we cannot predict the future, what actually happens may be very different from what we predict in our forward-looking statements.
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Summary
This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus supplement and does not contain all of the information you may need to make an informed investment decision. To understand all of the terms of an offering of the offered notes, you should read this entire prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus before you purchase any offered notes.
Issuing entity | | Permanent Master Issuer plc, also referred to in this prospectus supplement as the issuing entity. |
Offered securities | | The issuing entity will issue the series 1 class A notes, the series 2 class A1 notes, the series 2 class A2 notes, the series 4 class A notes, the series 1 class B notes and the series 1 class C notes (referred to collectively in this prospectus supplement as the offered notes). |
| | The offered notes are part of our issue 2007-1 notes. The offered notes are issued by us, are solely our obligations and are not obligations of the sponsor, the Funding 2 security trustee, the issuing entity security trustee, the note trustee, the depositor, any of their affiliates or any other person or entity. |
| | The issue 2007-1 notes also include other series and classes of notes, which are not being offered hereby. The series and classes of the issue 2007-1 notes not offered hereby are described below under “– Other issuing entity notes”. Only the offered notes are being offered pursuant to the prospectus and this prospectus supplement. Any information contained in this prospectus supplement with respect to notes other than the offered notes is provided only to permit a better understanding of the offered notes. |
| | We expect to issue other series of notes in the future of various classes. These notes may have interest rates, interest payment dates, repayment terms and other characteristics that differ from the offered notes. You will not receive prior notice of any future issuance of notes and will not be asked for your consent to such issuance. However, any future issuance of notes, as well as material changes to the solicitation, credit-granting, underwriting, origination or pool selection criteria used to originate or select new mortgage loans to be sold to the mortgages trust, will be reported in our periodic reports on Form 10-D. You may access such reports as described under “Where investors can find more information” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Seller, originator, servicer, cash manager and Funding 2 swap provider | | Halifax |
Depositor | | Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited, also referred to in this prospectus supplement as Funding 2. |
Funding 2 security trustee, issuing entity security trustee and note trustee | | The Bank of New York. |
Issuing entity swap providers | | See “Issuing entity swap providers” in this prospectus supplement for information. |
Closing date | | On or about 1 March 2007. |
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Interest payment dates | | Interest on, and principal of, the offered notes will be paid quarterly on the 15th day of each of January, April, July and October (in the case of the series 2 class A1 notes, the series 2 class A2 notes, the series 4 class A notes, the series 1 class B notes and the series 1 class C notes) in each year up to and including the final maturity date and monthly on the 15th day of each calendar month (in the case of the series 1 class A notes) in each year up to and including the final maturity date or, following the occurrence of a pass-through trigger event, the 15th day of January, April, July and October in each year up to and including the final maturity date (or, in each case, if such day is not a business day, the next succeeding business day) (each, an interest payment date). |
Initial interest payment date | | In the case of the series 1 class A notes, the interest payment date falling in April 2007 and, in the case of each other series and class of offered notes, the interest payment date falling in April 2007. |
Interest | | All offered notes (other than the series 1 class A notes) will accrue interest at the annual rate specified on the cover of this prospectus supplement up to (but excluding) the interest payment date falling in January 2013 (the step-up date). From and including the step-up date, the offered notes (other than the series 1 class A notes) will accrue interest at an annual rate as follows: |
| | Series and class | | Interest rate |
| | Series 2 class A1 | | Three-month USD LIBOR + 0.10% per annum |
| | Series 2 class A2 | | Three-month USD LIBOR + 0.10% per annum |
| | Series 4 class A | | Three-month USD LIBOR + 0.16% per annum |
| | Series 1 class B | | Three-month USD LIBOR + 0.10% per annum |
| | Series 1 class C | | Three-month USD LIBOR + 0.34% per annum |
| | Interest will accrue on the offered notes from the closing date and will be calculated on the basis of a day count fraction of actual/360. |
| | On the second London business day prior to the start of each Interest Period (an interest determination date), the rate of interest payable in respect of each series and class of offered notes will be determined by the agent bank as follows: |
| | (a) | | in respect of the first interest period, (i) for the series 1 class A notes, the linear interpolation of one-month USD LIBOR and two-month USD LIBOR, and (ii) for all other series and classes of offered notes, the linear interpolation of one-month USD LIBOR and two-month USD LIBOR (in each case, rounded upwards, if necessary, to five decimal places); and |
| | (b) | | in respect of subsequent interest periods, (i) for the series 1 class A notes, one-month USD LIBOR or, following the occurrence of a Pass-Through Trigger Event, three-month |
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| | | | USD LIBOR, and (ii) for all other series and classes of offered notes, three-month USD LIBOR in each case by reference to the display as quoted on the Reuters Monitor Money Rates Service at the page designated as LIBOR 01. |
Principal | | We expect to repay the principal amount outstanding of the series 1 class A notes, the series 2 class A1 notes and the series 2 class A2 notes on the bullet redemption date for each such series and class of offered notes in an amount up to the redemption amount as set forth in this prospectus supplement under “Scheduled redemption dates and bullet redemption dates”. We expect to repay the principal amount outstanding of the series 4 class A notes on the scheduled redemption date for such series and class of offered notes in an amount up to the redemption amount as set forth in this prospectus supplement under “Scheduled redemption dates and bullet redemption dates”. We expect to repay the principal amount outstanding of the series 1 class B notes and the series 1 class C notes on the final maturity date for such classes of offered notes or such earlier date on which payment is received in respect of the corresponding loan tranche. We are obliged to make such payments if we have funds available for that purpose. The class B notes and class C notes of each series will be redeemed in full or in part on each interest payment date falling on or after the interest payment date on which all the notes of such series of a higher rating have been redeemed in full. If the principal amount outstanding of any of the series 1 class A notes, the series 2 class A1 notes, series 2 class A2 notes, series 4 class A notes, the series 1 class B notes and the series 1 class C notes is not repaid in full on the final scheduled redemption date for such series and classes of the offered notes, noteholders generally will not have any remedies against us until the final maturity date of such classes of the offered notes. In that case, any such series and class of the offered notes, subject to the principal payment rules described under “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts – Repayment of loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes” in the accompanying prospectus, will receive payments of the principal to the extent of the shortfall on each interest payment date thereafter in the amounts, and to the extent available, until repaid in full. |
| | Principal of the offered notes may be repaid earlier than expected if a trigger event or a note event of default occurs in respect of these notes. See “Maturity and repayment considerations” in this prospectus supplement, “The mortgages trust – Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of a non-asset trigger event but prior to the occurrence of an asset trigger event” and “The mortgages trust – Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of an asset trigger event” in the accompanying prospectus. |
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Bullet redemption dates | | In respect of the series 1 class A notes, the series 2 class A1 notes and the series 2 class A2 notes, the interest payment date on which principal repayments are scheduled to be made are as set forth under “Scheduled redemption dates and bullet redemption dates” in this prospectus supplement. |
Scheduled redemption dates | | In respect of the series 4 class A notes, the interest payment date on which principal repayments are scheduled to be made as set forth under “Scheduled redemption dates and bullet redemption dates” in this prospectus supplement. |
Pass-through notes | | In respect of the series 1 class B notes and the series 1 class C notes, principal will be repaid on the final maturity date specified for such classes of offered notes on the cover of this prospectus supplement or such earlier date on which payment is received in respect of the corresponding loan tranche. |
Issuance of future series and classes of notes | | The offered notes (and any future series and class of notes) issued by us are (and will be) subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions precedent, which are described under “Summary of the notes – Issuance” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Subordination and credit enhancement | | Payments of principal of, and interest on, the junior classes of the offered notes are subordinated to payments of principal of, and interest on, the more senior classes of notes. In addition, amounts of principal otherwise available to pay principal of the junior classes of the offered notes may be used to pay interest on more senior classes of notes. See “Summary of prospectus – Summary of the notes – Payment and ranking of the notes” and “Credit structure – Use of Funding 2 principal receipts to pay Funding 2 income deficiency” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Funding 2 reserve required amount | | £167,700,000. |
Losses | | Losses on the loans may reduce the amount of principal available to repay principal of the offered notes. Losses on the loans will be allocated to the loan tranches in inverse order of seniority, beginning with the loan tranches corresponding to the class C notes. No losses will be allocated to the loan tranches corresponding to the class A notes until the aggregate amount of losses exceeds the principal amount outstanding of each loan tranche which is junior to the loan tranches corresponding to the class A notes. See “The mortgages trust – Losses” and “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Optional redemption by the issuing entity | | We have the right (subject to certain conditions) to redeem the offered notes at their aggregate principal amount outstanding, together with any accrued interest in respect thereof on the following dates: |
| | • | | on any interest payment date on which the aggregate principal amount outstanding of the offered notes and all other series and classes of the issue 2007-1 notes is less than 10 per cent. of the initial outstanding principal amount of the offered notes and all such other series and classes of the issue 2007-1 notes; or |
| | • | | on the interest payment date falling on the step-up date and on any interest payment date thereafter. |
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| | Further, we may redeem the offered notes for tax and other reasons and in certain other circumstances as more fully described under “Terms and Conditions of the US notes – 5. Redemption, purchase and cancellation” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Security for the notes | | The offered notes are secured primarily by our rights under the master intercompany loan agreement. In addition, we have granted security for the benefit of noteholders over (among other things) our bank accounts. See “Security for the issuing entity’s obligations” in the accompanying prospectus. |
The issue 2007-1 loan tranches | | We have entered into a master intercompany loan agreement with Funding 2. The proceeds of the offered notes will fund the relevant issue 2007-1 loan tranches. The principal terms of such issue 2007-1 loan tranches are set out in Annex B to this prospectus supplement. A description of the master intercompany loan is set forth in the accompanying prospectus under “The master intercompany loan agreement”. |
Note events of default | | The offered notes are subject to certain events of default described under “Terms and Conditions of the US notes – 9. Events of Default” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Limited resources | | The primary sources of payment for principal of or, interest on, the offered notes are: |
| | • | | repayments of principal of, or interest on, the relevant issue 2007-1 loan tranches of the master intercompany loan; and |
| | • | | funds in the issuer transaction account that are allocable to the offered notes. |
The mortgages trust | | Each issue 2007-1 loan tranche is a tranche of the master intercompany loan and made by us to Funding 2. Funding 2 will secure its obligation to repay the master intercompany loan by granting security over its beneficial interest in the mortgages trust. The assets of the mortgages trust consist primarily of loans originated by the seller secured over residential property located in England, Wales and Scotland. The loans included in the trust property were randomly selected from the seller’s portfolio of loans that meet the seller’s selection criteria for inclusion in the mortgages trust. These criteria are discussed under “The loans – Introduction” in the accompanying prospectus. The seller has given representations and warranties to the mortgages trustee in the mortgage sale agreement that, among other things, the loans have been originated in accordance with the seller’s lending criteria in effect at the time of origination. If a loan or its related security does not materially comply on the date of its assignment with the representations and warranties given by the seller under the mortgage sale agreement and the seller does not remedy such breach within 20 London business days of becoming aware of the breach, then the mortgages trustee (as directed by Funding 1 or Funding 2 in accordance with the controlling beneficiary deed and with the consent of the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee in accordance with the controlling beneficiary deed) will require the seller to repurchase (i) the relevant loan and its related security and (ii) any other loans of the relevant borrower and their related security that are included in the portfolio. |
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| | The seller may assign new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee in order to increase or maintain the trust property. The seller may also increase the size of the trust property from time to time in connection with an issue of new notes by us, the proceeds of which are applied ultimately to fund the acquisition (by assignment in the case of English and Welsh loans and Scottish declaration of trust in the case of Scottish loans) of the new loans and their related security by the mortgages trustee, or to comply with the seller’s obligations under the mortgage sale agreement as described under “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” in the accompanying prospectus. |
| | When new loans are assigned to the mortgages trustee, the trust property will increase accordingly. Depending on the circumstances, the increase in the trust property may result in an increase in the seller share of the trust property, the Funding 1 share of the trust property and/or the Funding 2 share of the trust property. For a description of how adjustments are made to the seller share of the trust property, the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property, see “The mortgages trust” in the accompanying prospectus. |
| | As at the closing date for the offered notes, the minimum seller share will be approximately £2,285,000,000. |
| | For the purposes of paragraph (d) of the definition of non-asset trigger event, the aggregate outstanding balance of loans comprising the trust property must from the period up to (but excluding) the interest payment date in July 2009 be at least £35,000,000,000 and during the period from (and including) the interest payment date falling in July 2009 to (but excluding) the interest payment date in April 2010 the aggregate outstanding balance of loans comprising the trust property must be at least £32,000,000 or (in each case) such higher amount as may be required to be maintained as a result of any new Funding 1 issuing entities providing new term advances to Funding 1 and/or the issuing entity advancing new loan tranches to Funding 2 which Funding 1 and/or Funding 2, as the case may be, uses to pay to the seller and/or Funding 1 or Funding 2, as the case may be, for an increase in its share of the trust property and/or to pay the seller for the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee. See “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Issuing entity accounts | | The issuing entity transaction account. |
Other issuing entity notes | | The offered notes are part of the issue 2007-1 notes issued by us. Only the offered notes are being offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. On or about the closing date, the issuing entity will also issue the series 3 class A notes, the series 5 class A notes, the series 2 class B notes, the series 4 class B notes, the series 2 class C notes and the series 4 class C notes of the issue 2007-1 notes which are not being offered hereby. Any information contained in this prospectus |
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| | supplement with respect to the issue 2007-1 notes other than the offered notes is provided only to permit a better understanding of the offered notes. |
| | As of the closing date, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of notes issued by us (converted, where applicable, into sterling at the applicable specified currency exchange rate), including the offered notes, will be: |
| | As used herein, specified currency exchange rate means, in relation to a series and class of notes, the exchange rate specified in the issuing entity swap agreement relating to such series and class of notes or, if the related issuing entity swap agreement has been terminated, the applicable spot rate. |
| | As of the date of this prospectus supplement, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of notes issued by each Funding 1 issuing entity identified below (converted, where applicable, into sterling at the applicable currency exchange rate) is: |
| | (1) | | Permanent Financing (No. 1) plc, £1,588,000,000; |
| | (2) | | Permanent Financing (No. 2) plc, £1,986,538,000; |
| | (3) | | Permanent Financing (No. 3) plc, £2,706,900,000; |
| | (4) | | Permanent Financing (No. 4) plc, £5,246,082,000; |
| | (5) | | Permanent Financing (No. 5) plc, £3,036,070,750; |
| | (6) | | Permanent Financing (No. 6) plc, £3,273,114,000; |
| | (7) | | Permanent Financing (No. 7) plc, £3,502,097,000; |
| | (8) | | Permanent Financing (No. 8) plc, £3,685,920,000; and |
| | (9) | | Permanent Financing (No. 9) plc, £4,572,690,000. |
| | We are not a Funding 1 issuing entity. For a description of the Funding 1 issuing entities, see “Funding 1 issuing entities” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Use of proceeds | | The gross proceeds from the issue of the issue 2007-1 notes will equal approximately $8,599,825,705 and (after exchanging, where applicable, the proceeds of the notes for sterling, calculated by reference to the applicable specified currency exchange rate) will be used by the issuing entity to make available loan tranches to Funding 2 pursuant to the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement. Funding 2 will use the gross proceeds of each loan tranche to increase its share of the trust property (which will result in a corresponding decrease in the seller’s share of the trust property) on the closing date. |
Stock exchange listing | | The offered notes will be admitted to the Official List maintained by the UK Listing Authority and to trading on the London Stock Exchange plc’s Gilt Edged and Fixed Interest Market. |
Ratings | | It is a condition of the issuance of the offered notes that they be assigned on the closing date the following ratings by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch, respectively: |
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| Class | Ratings |
| Class A (in respect of the series 1 class A notes only) | A-1+/P-1/F-1+ |
| Class A (other than the series 1 class A notes) | AAA/Aaa/AAA |
| Class B | AA/Aa3/AA |
| Class C | BBB/Baa2/BBB |
| | See “Summary of prospectus – Summary of the notes – Issuance” and “Risk Factors – Ratings assigned to the notes may be lowered or withdrawn after you purchase the notes, which may lower the market value of the notes” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Funding 2 swap | | The loans in the portfolio pay interest at a variety of rates, for example at rates linked either to the seller’s standard variable rate or linked to an interest rate other than the seller’s standard variable rate as specified in the accompanying prospectus. The amount of mortgages trust available revenue receipts that Funding 2 receives on the portfolio will fluctuate according to (among other things) the interest rates applicable to the loans in the mortgages trust. The amount of interest payable by Funding 2 to us under the loan tranches advanced pursuant to the master intercompany loan agreement, from which amount we will fund, among other things, our payment obligations under the issuing entity swap agreements and the notes, will generally be calculated by reference to an interest rate based upon three-month sterling LIBOR. |
| | To hedge its exposure against the possible variance between the foregoing interest rates, Funding 2 has entered into an interest rate swap agreement with the Funding 2 swap provider on the programme date. See “The swap agreements – The Funding 2 swap” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Issuing entity swaps | | In respect of each series and class of offered notes, we will enter into a currency swap transaction (the issuing entity swaps) with an issuing entity swap provider in order to hedge against any variance between the interest received by us under the master intercompany loan agreement, which will be calculated by reference to three-month sterling LIBOR, and the interest which is payable on the offered notes, which will be calculated by reference to three-month USD-LIBOR (in the cases of each series and class of offered notes other than the series 1 class A notes) and one-month USD-LIBOR (in the case of the series 1 class A notes) or, following the occurrence of a pass through trigger event, three-month USD-LIBOR and to hedge against fluctuations in the exchange rate in respect of principal received under the master intercompany loan agreement, which will be paid in sterling, and principal which we are obliged to repay in dollars on the offered notes which will be payable in dollars. See “The issuing entity swap providers” in this prospectus supplement and “The swap agreements – The issuing entity currency swaps” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Start-up loan | | Pursuant to the start-up loan agreement, Halifax (in its capacity as the start-up loan provider) has agreed to make available to Funding 2 a start-up loan on the closing date. At any time after |
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| | the closing date additional start-up loans may be made available to Funding 2 by the start-up loan provider or other entities. Each start-up loan will be used to fund (in whole or in part) the Funding 2 general reserve fund and to meet the costs and expenses incurred by Funding 2 and us as more fully described under “Credit structure – Start-up loan agreements” in the accompanying prospectus. On the closing date, the start-up loan provider will make available to Funding 2 the start-up loan, the principal terms of which are set out in Annex D to this prospectus supplement. The terms of the existing start-up loan are also set out in Annex D to this prospectus supplement. |
Denominations | | The offered notes will be issued in minimum denominations of $100,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. |
Material United States tax consequences | | As more fully discussed in the accompanying prospectus, in the opinion of Allen & Overy LLP, our US federal income tax counsel, although there is no authority on the treatment of instruments substantially similar to the offered notes, the series 1 class A notes, the series 2 class A1 notes, the series 2 class A2 notes, the series 4 class A notes and the series 1 class B notes will be treated as debt for US federal income tax purposes and the series 1 class C notes should be treated as debt for US federal income tax purposes. The series 1 class A notes will be treated as short-term obligations for US federal income tax purposes, the consequences of which are described under “United States federal income taxation – Qualified Stated Interest and Original Issue Discount” in the accompanying prospectus. Further, in the opinion of Allen & Overy LLP, assuming compliance with the transaction documents, the mortgages trustee acting in its capacity as trustee of the mortgages trust, Funding 2 and the issuing entity will not be subject to US federal income tax. See “United States federal income taxation” in the accompanying prospectus. |
ERISA considerations for investors | | The offered notes will be eligible for purchase by employee benefit and other plans subject to Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and by governmental plans that are subject to any state, local or other federal law of the United States that is substantially similar to Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, subject to consideration of the issues described in the accompanying prospectus under “ERISA considerations���. |
United States legal investment considerations | | None of the offered notes is a “mortgage related security” under the United States Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended. See “United States legal investment considerations” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Payment and delivery | | No later than the closing date, we will (a) cause the global note for each of the offered notes to be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC, for credit on the closing date to the account of the lead underwriters with DTC or to such other account with DTC as the lead underwriters may direct and (b) deliver the global note for each of the offered notes duly executed on our behalf and authenticated in accordance with the paying agent and agent bank agreement to Citibank, N.A., as custodian for DTC. |
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| | Against delivery of the offered notes (i) the underwriters will pay to the lead underwriters the gross underwriting proceeds for the offered notes and (ii) the lead underwriters will pay to us or to a third party, as directed by us, the gross underwriting proceeds for the offered notes. |
Clearing and settlement | | It is expected that on the closing date the offered notes will be accepted for clearance through DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear under the following CUSIP numbers, common codes and ISINs: |
| Class of notes | | CUSIP | | ISIN | | Common code |
| series 1 class A notes | | 71419GAH3 | | US71419GAH39 | | 28910312 |
| series 2 class A1 notes | | 71419GAJ9 | | US71419GAJ94 | | 28918941 |
| series 2 class A2 notes | | 71419GAK6 | | US71419GAK67 | | 28919026 |
| series 4 class A notes | | 71419GAL4 | | US71419GAL41 | | 28919115 |
| series 1 class B notes | | 71419GAM2 | | US71419GAM24 | | 28919182 |
| series 1 class C notes | | 71419GAN0 | | US71419GAN07 | | 28919263 |
Reports to noteholders | | The cash manager will prepare annual and monthly reports that will contain information about the offered notes as more fully described under “Reports to noteholders” in the accompanying prospectus. |
| | The issuing entity will file with the SEC annual reports on Form 10-K, periodic reports on Form 10-D and reports on Form 8-K about the mortgages trust. See “Where investors can find more information” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Product switches | | For the purposes of paragraph (c) of the definition of product switch, (see “Sale of loans and their related security – Product switches” in the accompanying prospectus) any variation to the maturity date of a loan must not extend beyond June 2040 while any loan tranche under the master intercompany loan is outstanding. |
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Risk factors
The principal risks associated with an investment in the offered notes are set out in the “Risk factors” section of the accompanying prospectus. These risks are material to an investment in the offered notes and in the issuing entity. This section sets out certain additional risk factors associated with an investment in the offered notes. If you are considering purchasing any of the offered notes, you should carefully read and think about all the information contained in this prospectus supplement (including the additional risk factors set out below) and the accompanying prospectus (including the “Risk factors” section) prior to making any investment decision.
Restrictions on transfers of the offered notes; lack of liquidity |
The offered notes are a new issue of securities for which there is currently no market. Neither the issuing entity nor the underwriters intend to create a market for the offered notes. Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the development or liquidity of any market for the offered notes. Because of the restrictions on transfers of the offered notes, investors must be able to bear the risks of their investment in the offered notes for an indefinite period of time.
You may not be able to sell the offered notes |
There currently is no secondary market for the offered notes. If no secondary market develops, you may not be able to sell the offered notes prior to their maturity. The issuing entity cannot offer any assurance that a secondary market will develop or, if one does develop, that it will continue to exist.
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US dollar presentation
Unless otherwise stated in this prospectus supplement, any translations of sterling into US dollars have been made at the rate of £1 = US$1.9385, which was the closing buying rate in the City of New York for cable transfers in sterling per US$1.00 as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on 8 January 2007. Use of this rate does not mean that sterling amounts actually represent those US dollar amounts or could be converted into US dollars at that rate at any particular time.
References throughout this prospectus supplement to £, pounds or sterling are to the lawful currency for the time being of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
References throughout this prospectus supplement to $, US$, USD, US dollars or dollars are to the lawful currency of the United States of America.
Sterling/US dollar exchange rate history
| 1 January 2007 through 9 February | | Years ended 31 December
| |
| 2007 | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2002 | | 2001 | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Last(1) | 1.9512 | | 1.9586 | | 1.7188 | | 1.9160 | | 1.7842 | | 1.6095 | | 1.4543 | |
Average(2) | 1.9599 | | 1.8434 | | 1.8204 | | 1.8330 | | 1.6347 | | 1.5025 | | 1.4396 | |
High | 1.9847 | | 1.9794 | | 1.9292 | | 1.9482 | | 1.7842 | | 1.6095 | | 1.5045 | |
Low | 1.9305 | | 1.7256 | | 1.7138 | | 1.7544 | | 1.5500 | | 1.4074 | | 1.3730 | |
(1) | The closing exchange rate on the last operating business day of each of the periods indicated, years commencing from 1 January or the next operating business day. |
(2) | Average daily exchange rate during the period. |
Source: Bloomberg – Close of Business Mid Price |
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Scheduled redemption dates and bullet redemption dates
The scheduled amortisation instalment or the redemption amounts, as applicable, for each series and class of the offered notes set out below for the interest payment dates set out below is equal to the corresponding stated amount below.
Series and class | Type of note | | Scheduled redemption date or bullet redemption date | | Scheduled amortisation instalment or redemption amount | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | (£) | | ($ | ) |
| | | | |
| |
| |
Series 1 class A | bullet | | January 2008 | | 512,170,000 | | 1,000,000,000 | |
Series 2 class A1 | bullet | | January 2010 | | 768,250,000 | | 1,500,000,000 | |
Series 2 class A2 | bullet | | January 2010 | | 512,170,000 | | 1,000,000,000 | |
Series 4 class A | scheduled | | October 2011 and January 2012 | | 345,715,000 345,715,000 | | 675,000,000 675,000,000 | |
Series 1 class B | pass-through | | N.A | | N.A | | N.A | |
Series 1 class C | pass-through | | N.A | | N.A | | N.A | |
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Maturity and repayment considerations
The average lives of each class of the offered notes cannot be stated, as the actual rate of repayment of the loans and redemption of the mortgages and a number of other relevant factors are unknown. However, calculations of the possible average lives of each class of the offered notes can be made based on certain assumptions. The assumptions used to calculate the possible average lives of each class of the offered notes in the following table include that:
| (1) | neither the issuing entity security nor the Funding 2 security has been enforced; |
| (2) | the seller is not in breach of the terms of the mortgage sale agreement; |
| (3) | the seller sells no new loans to the mortgages trustee after the closing date and the loans are assumed to amortise in accordance with the assumed constant payment rate indicated in the table below (subject to assumption (4) below); |
| (4) | the seller sells to the mortgages trustee sufficient new loans and their related security (i) in the period up to (but excluding) the interest payment date in July 2009, such that the aggregate principal amount outstanding of loans in the portfolio at any time is not less than £35,000,000,000 and (ii) during the period from (and including) the interest payment date in July 2009 to (but excluding) the interest payment date in April 2010, such that the aggregate principal amount outstanding of the loans in the portfolio at any time is not less than £32,000,000,000 or (in each case) such higher amount as may be required to be maintained as a result of any new Funding 1 issuing entities providing new term advances to Funding 1 and/or the issuing entity advancing new loan tranches to Funding 2 which Funding 1 and/or Funding 2, as the case may be, uses to pay to the seller and/or Funding 1 or Funding 2, as the case may be, for an increase in its share of the trust property and/or to pay the seller for the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee; |
| (5) | neither an asset trigger event nor a non-asset trigger event occurs; |
| (6) | no event occurs that would cause payments on scheduled amortisation loan tranches or pass-through loan tranches to be deferred (unless such advances are deferred in accordance with Rule (1)(B) or Rule (1)(C) as set out in “Cashflows – Rule (1) – Repayment deferrals” in the accompanying prospectus); |
| (7) | the annualised CPR as at the closing date is assumed to be the same as the various assumed rates in the table below; |
| (8) | there is a balance of £0.00 in the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger at the closing date and a balance of £0.00 in the Funding 1 cash accumulation ledger at the closing date; |
| (9) | the issuing entity exercises its option to redeem the offered notes (not including the series 1 class A notes) on the step-up date relating to the offered notes; and |
| (10) | the closing date is 1 March 2007. |
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CPR and possible average lives of each series and class of offered notes (in years) |
Based upon the foregoing assumptions, the approximate average life in years of each series and claim of offered notes, at various assumed rates of repayment of the loans, would be as follows:
Constant payment rate(1) (per annum) | series 1 class A notes | | series 2 class A1 notes | | series 2 class A2 notes | | series 4 class A notes | | series 1 class B notes | | series 1 class C notes | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
5 per cent. | 0.90 | | 3.47 | | 3.47 | | 5.88 | | 5.88 | | 5.88 | |
10 per cent. | 0.88 | | 2.88 | | 2.88 | | 4.75 | | 5.88 | | 5.88 | |
15 per cent. | 0.88 | | 2.88 | | 2.88 | | 4.75 | | 0.88 | | 0.88 | |
20 per cent. | 0.88 | | 2.88 | | 2.88 | | 4.75 | | 0.88 | | 0.88 | |
25 per cent. | 0.88 | | 2.88 | | 2.88 | | 4.75 | | 0.88 | | 0.88 | |
30 per cent. | 0.88 | | 2.88 | | 2.88 | | 4.75 | | 0.88 | | 0.88 | |
35 per cent. | 0.88 | | 2.88 | | 2.88 | | 4.75 | | 0.88 | | 0.88 | |
(1) | Includes both scheduled and unscheduled payments. |
Assumptions (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (9) and (10) relate to circumstances which are not predictable. No assurance can be given that the issuing entity will be in a position to redeem the offered notes (other than the series 1 class A notes) on the step-up date for the offered notes. If the issuing entity does not so exercise its option to redeem, then the average lives of the then outstanding notes would be extended.
The average lives of the offered notes are subject to factors largely outside the control of the issuing entity and consequently no assurance can be given that these assumptions and estimates will prove in any way to be realistic and they must therefore be viewed with considerable caution. For more information in relation to the risks involved in the use of these estimated average lives, see “Risk factors – The yield to maturity of the notes may be adversely affected by prepayments or redemptions on the loans” in the accompanying prospectus.
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Funding 2 swap provider
Information in respect of the Funding 2 swap provider and the Funding 2 swap is provided in the accompanying prospectus under the heading “The swap agreements – The Funding 2 swap”.
The sponsor has determined that the significance percentage for the Funding 2 swap in respect of the offered notes is less than 10%.
The significance percentage of the Funding 2 swap is the percentage equivalent of (1) the amount of a reasonable good-faith estimate of maximum probable exposure (made in substantially the same manner as that used in the sponsor’s internal risk management process in respect of similar derivative instruments) divided by (2) the aggregate principal balance of the loans in the portfolio.
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Issuing entity swap providers
The sponsor has determined that the significance percentage for the issuing entity swaps in respect of the offered notes is 20% or more.
The significance percentage of the issuing entity swaps in respect of the offered notes is the percentage equivalent of (1) the amount of a reasonable good-faith estimate of maximum probable exposure (made in substantially the same manner as that used in the sponsor’s internal risk management process in respect of similar derivative instruments) divided by (2) the aggregate principal amount of such classes of offered notes.
The issuing entity swap providers in respect of the offered notes |
Deutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft |
Deutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft (Deutsche Bank or the Bank) is a banking institution and a stock corporation incorporated under the laws of Germany under registration number HRB 30 000. The Bank has its registered office in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It maintains its head office at Taunusanlage 12, 60325 Frankfurt am Main. Deutsche Bank originated from the reunification of Norddeutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft, Hamburg, Rheinisch-Westfälische Bank Aktiengesellschaft, Duesseldorf and Süddeutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft, Munich; pursuant to the Law on the Regional Scope of Credit Institutions, these had been disincorporated in 1952 from Deutsche Bank which was founded in 1870. The merger and the name were entered in the Commercial Register of the District Court Frankfurt am Main on 2 May 1957.
The Bank is the parent company of a group consisting of banks, capital market companies, fund management companies, a real estate finance company, instalment financing companies, research and consultancy companies and other domestic and foreign companies (the Deutsche Bank Group).
Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch is the issuing entity swap provider in respect of the series 4 class A notes. Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch is the London branch of Deutsche Bank. On January 12, 1973, Deutsche Bank filed in the United Kingdom the documents required pursuant to section 407 of the Companies Act 1948 to establish a place of business within Great Britain. On January 14, 1993, Deutsche Bank registered under Schedule 21A to the Companies Act 1985 as having established a branch (Registration No. BR000005) in England and Wales. Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch is an authorized person for the purposes of section 19 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. In the United Kingdom, it conducts wholesale banking business and through its Private Wealth Management division, it provides holistic wealth management advice and integrated financial solutions for wealthy individuals, their families and selected institutions.
As of 30 September 2006, Deutsche Bank’s issued share capital amounted to EUR 1,334,735,508.48 consisting of 521,381,058 ordinary shares of no par value. The shares are fully paid up and in registered form. The shares are listed for trading and official quotation on all the German Stock Exchanges. They are also listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The Management Board has decided to pursue delisting on certain stock exchanges other than Germany and New York in order to benefit from the integration of financial markets. In respect of the stock exchanges Amsterdam, Brussels, London, Luxembourg, Paris, Vienna, Zurich and Tokyo, this decision has been completely implemented.
As of 30 September 2006, Deutsche Bank Group had total assets of EUR 1,096,546 million, total liabilities of EUR 1,065,496 million and total shareholders’ equity of EUR 31,050 million on the basis of United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP).
Deutsche Bank’s long-term senior debt has been assigned a rating of AA- (outlook positive) by Standard & Poor’s, Aa3 (outlook stable) by Moody’s and AA- (outlook stable) by Fitch.
Deutsche Bank is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and in accordance therewith, files and submits reports and other information with the SEC. Deutsche Bank’s SEC filings and submissions are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s web
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site at http://www.sec.gov under File Number 0001-15242. You may also read and copy any document filed with the SEC at the SEC’s public reference rooms in Washington, D.C., New York, New York and Chicago, Illinois. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms.
We hereby incorporate the following documents, which Deutsche Bank has previously filed with or furnished to the SEC, into this prospectus and encourage you to review them:
| • | Deutsche Bank’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Year Ended 31 December 2005, which was filed with the SEC on 23 March 2006. |
| • | Deutsche Bank’s Reports on Form 6-K containing its Interim Reports for the Quarters Ended 31 March, 30 June and 30 September 2006, which were furnished to the SEC on 3 May, 2 August and 1 November 2006, respectively. |
| • | Deutsche Bank’s Report on Form 6-K containing its unaudited preliminary consolidated statement of income for the period ended on 31 December 2006, which was furnished to the SEC on 2 February 2006. |
The following documents Deutsche Bank files with or furnishes to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus and before the later of (1) the completion of the offering of the securities described in this prospectus and (2) the termination of the reporting obligations of the issuing entity in respect of the offered notes under the Exchange Act shall be incorporated by reference in this prospectus from the date of filing of such documents:
| • | Deutsche Bank’s most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F. |
| • | Any Report on Form 6-K furnished by Deutsche Bank to the SEC on Form 6-K after its most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F containing (i) any Interim Report of Deutsche Bank or (ii) the unaudited preliminary consolidated statement of income of Deutsche Bank for the period ended on the prior year-end. |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
Because we are incorporating by reference future filings with the SEC, this prospectus is continually updated and those future filings may modify or supersede some of the information included or incorporated in this prospectus.
The consolidated financial statements of Deutsche Bank and its subsidiaries as of 31 December 2005 and 2004, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2005, which were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, are incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the audit report of KPMG Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft (KPMG), Marie-Curie-Strasse 30, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, independent registered public accounting firm, given upon the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The audit report of KPMG refers to the fact that Deutsche Bank Aktiengesellschaft adopted FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity” during 2003.
Except for the information provided in the preceeding twelve paragraphs, Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch and any affiliate entity described in this section (in its capacity as an issuing entity swap provider) have not been involved in the preparation of, and do not accept responsibility for, this prospectus supplement.
Credit Suisse (USA), Inc. |
Credit Suisse (USA), Inc. has only supplied the information in the following eight paragraphs for inclusion in this prospectus supplement.
Credit Suisse (USA), Inc. is the issuing entity swap provider in respect of the series 1 class A notes, the series 2 class A1 notes, the series 2 class A2 notes, the series 1 class B notes and the series 1 class C notes.
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Credit Suisse (USA), Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries (CSUSA) are an integrated investment bank serving institutional, corporate, government and high-net-worth individual clients. CSUSA’s products and services include securities underwriting; sales and trading; financial advisory services; private equity investments; full-service brokerage services; derivatives and risk management products; asset management; and research. CSUSA is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Credit Suisse, a Swiss bank, and Credit Suisse Group, a global financial services company domiciled in Switzerland. CSUSA is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Credit Suisse Holdings (USA), Inc., a Delaware corporation. CSUSA’s principal subsidiary is Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Credit Suisse Group’s principal U.S. registered broker-dealer. Effective 16 January 2006, CSUSA changed its name from Credit Suisse First Boston (USA), Inc. to Credit Suisse (USA), Inc.
CSUSA is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and in accordance therewith, files and submits reports and other information with the SEC. CSUSA’s SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The public may also read and copy any document filed with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
This prospectus supplement incorporates by reference the following items which CSUSA has previously filed with the SEC:
| • | the consolidated statements of financial condition of CSUSA as of 31 December 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholder’s equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2005, which appear in CSUSA’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2005, filed with the SEC on 20 March 2006; and |
| • | the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition of CSUSA as of 30 September 2006, the related condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and nine-month periods ended 30 September 2006 and 2005, and the related condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholder’s equity and cash flows for the nine-month periods ended 30 September 2006 and 2005 contained in CSUSA’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended 30 September 2006, filed with the SEC on 14 November 2006. |
In addition, all documents filed by CSUSA pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the later of (i) the completion of the offer of the securities described in this prospectus supplement and (ii) the termination of the reporting obligations of the issuing entity with respect to the offered notes under the Exchange Act shall be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.
As of the date of this prospectus supplement CSUSA has been assigned a senior unsecured debt rating of “AA-(stable outlook)” by Standard & Poor’s, a senior debt rating of “Aa3 (stable outlook)” by Moody’s and a long-term rating of “AA-(stable outlook)” by Fitch. These ratings are assigned by credit rating agencies, which may raise, lower or withdraw their ratings or place CSUSA on “credit watch” with positive or negative implications at any time.
The consolidated financial statements of CSUSA as of 31 December 2005 and 2004, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2005, which are incorporated by reference herein, have been audited by KPMG LLP (KPMG), an independent registered public accounting firm as set forth in their audit report dated 20 March 2006. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report, given upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report referred to above contains an explanatory paragraph that refers to changes in accounting for share-based compensation and variable interest entities.
With respect to the unaudited interim financial information for CSUSA for the periods ended 30 September 2006 and 2005, incorporated by reference herein, KPMG has reported that they applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for a review of such information. However, their separate report included in CSUSA’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
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for the quarter ended 30 September 2006, and incorporated by reference herein, states that they did not audit and they do not express an opinion on that interim financial information. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on their report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. KPMG are not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act for their report on the unaudited interim financial information because that report is not a “report” or a “part” of the registration statement prepared or certified by the accountants within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Securities Act.
Information in respect of the issuing entity swaps is provided in the accompanying prospectus under the heading “The swap agreements – The issuing entity swaps”.
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Underwriting
We have agreed to sell, and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc. and UBS Securities LLC (the lead underwriters) and the other underwriters for the offered notes listed in the following table have agreed to purchase, the principal amount of those offered notes listed in that table. The terms of these purchases are governed by an underwriting agreement among us, the lead underwriters and the underwriters.
Underwriters of the series 1 class A notes | Principal amount of the series 1 class A notes | |
|
| |
UBS Securities LLC | $333,000,000 | |
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. | $333,000,000 | |
Lehman Brothers Inc. | $334,000,000 | |
ABN AMRO Bank N.V., London Branch. | — | |
Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Limited. | — | |
Merrill Lynch Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated | — | |
|
| |
Total: | $1,000,000,000 | |
|
| |
Underwriters of the series 2 class A1 notes | Principal amount of the series 2 class A1 notes | |
|
| |
UBS Securities LLC | $500,000,000 | |
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. | $500,000,000 | |
Lehman Brothers Inc. | $500,000,000 | |
ABN AMRO Bank N.V., London Branch. | — | |
Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Limited. | — | |
Merrill Lynch Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated | — | |
|
| |
Total: | $1,500,000,000 | |
|
| |
Underwriters of the series 2 class A2 notes | Principal amount of the series 2 class A2 notes | |
|
| |
UBS Securities LLC | $333,000,000 | |
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. | $334,000,000 | |
Lehman Brothers Inc. | $333,000,000 | |
|
| |
Total: | $1,000,000,000 | |
|
| |
Underwriters of the series 4 class A notes | Principal amount of the series 4 class A notes | |
|
| |
UBS Securities LLC | $450,000,000 | |
| | |
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Underwriters of the series 4 class A notes | Principal amount of the series 4 class A notes | |
|
| |
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. | $450,000,000 | |
Lehman Brothers Inc. | $450,000,000 | |
ABN AMRO Bank N.V., London Branch | — | |
Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Limited | — | |
Merrill Lynch Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated | — | |
|
| |
Total: | $1,350,000,000 | |
|
| |
Underwriters of the series 1 class B notes | Principal amount of the series 1 class B notes | |
|
| |
UBS Securities LLC | $21,500,000 | |
Lehman Brothers Inc. | $21,500,000 | |
|
| |
Total: | $43,000,000 | |
|
| |
Underwriters of the series 1 class C notes | Principal amount of the series 1 class C notes | |
|
| |
UBS Securities LLC | $21,500,000 | |
Lehman Brothers Inc. | $21,500,000 | |
|
| |
Total: | $43,000,000 | |
|
| |
The price to the public as a percentage of the principal balance of the offered notes will be 100 per cent.
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We have agreed to pay to the underwriters in respect of each class of offered notes a selling commission and a management and underwriting fee (in each case based on the aggregate principal amount of such class of offered notes) as set forth in the table below:
Series and class of offered notes | Management and underwriting fee | | Selling commission | |
|
| |
| |
series 1 class A | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | |
series 2 class A1 | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | |
series 2 class A2 | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | |
series 4 class A | 0.0209 per cent. | | 0.0418 per cent. | |
series 1 class B | 0.0833 per cent. | | 0.1667 per cent. | |
series 1 class C | 0.1333 per cent. | | 0.2667 per cent. | |
|
| |
| |
The issuing entity has agreed to pay an aggregate fee of £60,000 to ABN AMRO Bank N.V., London Branch, Credit Suisse Securities (Europe) Limited and Merrill Lynch Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, for their services in connection with the issuance of the notes.
The lead underwriters of the offered notes have advised us that the underwriters propose initially to offer the offered notes to the public at the offering price stated on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to some dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of 0.0209 per cent. per series 1 class A note, series 2 class A1 note, series 2 class A2 note and series 4 class A note, 0.0833 per cent. per series 1 class B note and 0.1333 per cent. per series 1 class C note. The underwriters may allow, and those dealers may re-allow, a concession not in excess of 0.0418 per cent. per series 1 class A note, series 2 class A1 note, series 2 class A2 note and series 4 class A note, 0.1667 per cent. per series 1 class B note and 0.2667 per cent. per series 1 class C note to certain other brokers and dealers.
Additional out-of-pocket expenses (other than the commissions and fees stated above) solely in relation to the offered notes are estimated to be approximately $1,600,000.
Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch, who is acting as the issuing entity swap provider in respect of the series 4 class A offered notes, is an affiliate of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., one of the underwriters for the offered notes.
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Legal matters
Certain matters of English law and United States law regarding the notes, including matters relating to the validity of the issuance of the notes, will be provided to Halifax, Funding 2 and the issuing entity by Allen & Overy LLP. Certain legal matters of United States law regarding matters of United States federal income tax with respect to the offered notes will be provided to Halifax, Funding 2 and the issuing entity by Allen & Overy LLP. Certain matters of English law and United States law will be provided to the underwriters by Sidley Austin (UK) LLP.
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ANNEX A-1
Statistical information on the portfolio
The cut-off date mortgage portfolio
The information provided in this Annex A-1 constitutes an integral part of this prospectus supplement and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
The statistical and other information contained herein has been compiled by reference to the loans in the portfolio as at the cut-off date that, subject as provided, are expected to indirectly secure the offered notes and all other notes of the issuing entity and the Funding 1 issuing entities as at 8 January 2007 (the cut-off date). The US dollar figures set forth in the tables below have been calculated based on the currency exchange rate of £1 = $1.9385 and have been rounded to the nearest cent. following their conversion from sterling. Columns stating percentage amounts may not add up to 100% due to rounding. A loan will have been removed from any new portfolio (which comprises a portion of the portfolio as at the cut-off date) if, in the period up to (and including) the assignment date relating to such new portfolio, the loan is repaid in full or if the loan does not comply with the terms of the mortgage sale agreement on or about the applicable assignment date. Once such loans are removed, the seller will then randomly select from the loans remaining in the new portfolio those loans to be assigned on the applicable assignment date once the determination has been made as to the anticipated principal balances of the notes to be issued and the corresponding size of the trust that would be required ultimately to support payments on the offered notes and all other notes of the issuing entity and the Funding 1 issuing entities. The loans in the mortgages trust are selected on the basis of the seller’s selection criteria for inclusion in the mortgages trust. The material aspects of the seller’s lending criteria are described under “The loans – Underwriting” and “The loans – Lending criteria” in the accompanying prospectus. Standardised credit scoring is not used in the UK mortgage market. For an indication of the credit quality of borrowers in respect of the loans, investors may refer to such lending c riteria and to the historical performance of the loans in the mortgages trust in this Annex A-1 and in Annex F. One significant indicator of obligor credit quality is arrears and losses. The information presented under “Delinquency and loss experience of the portfolio” on page S-37 in this Annex A-1 reflects the arrears and repossession experience for loans serviced by Halifax in the portfolio, including loans that were contained in the portfolio since the inception of the mortgages trust and loans expected to be transferred to the mortgages trust on the closing date. All of the loans in the table were originated by Halifax, but not all of the loans form part of the portfolio. Halifax services all of the loans it originates. Any material change to the seller’s lending criteria, which could lead to arrears and losses deviating from the historical experience presented in the table under “Delinquency and loss experience of the portfolio (including loans which previously formed part of the portfolio)”, will be reported by the seller on periodic reports filed with the SEC on Form 10-D. It is not expected that the characteristics of the portfolio as at the closing date will differ materially from the characteristics of the portfolio. Except as otherwise indicated, these tables have been prepared using the current balance as at the cut-off date, which includes all principal and accrued interest for the loans in the portfolio.
The expected portfolio as at the cut-off date consisted of 621,126 mortgage accounts, comprising loans originated by Halifax and secured over properties located in England, Wales and Scotland and having an aggregate outstanding principal balance of £47,726,375,333.81 or $92,517,578,584.59 as at that date. The loans in the expected portfolio as at the cut-off date were originated by the seller between February 1996 and 31 August 2006.
As at 1 February 2007, HVR 1 was 7.25% per annum, HVR 2 was 6.5% per annum and the Halifax flexible variable rate was 6.40% per annum.
Approximately 2.10% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio as at the cut-off date were extended to the relevant borrowers in connection with the purchase by those borrowers of properties from local authorities or certain other landlords under the “right-to-buy” schemes governed by the Housing Act 1985 (as amended by the Housing Act
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2004) or (as applicable) the Housing (Scotland) Act 1987 (as amended by the Housing (Scotland) Act 2001).
| • | the Funding 1 share of the trust property will be approximately £26,790,000,000, representing approximately 58.62% of the trust property; |
| • | the Funding 2 share of the trust property will be approximately £9,847,000,000, representing approximately 21.55% of the trust property; and |
| • | the seller share of the trust property will be approximately £9,063,000,000, representing approximately 19.83% of the trust property. |
The actual amounts of the Funding 2 share of the trust property, the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property as at the closing date will not be determined until the day before the closing date which will be after the date of this prospectus supplement.
Outstanding balances as at the cut-off date |
The following table shows the range of outstanding mortgage account balances (including capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) as at the cut-off date.
Range of outstanding balances as at the cut-off date* | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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£0 – £24,999.99 | | £1,445,526,681.80 | | $2,802,153,472.67 | | 3.03 | % | 101,753 | | 16.38 | % |
£25,000 – £49,999.99 | | £5,634,397,034.69 | | $10,922,278,651.75 | | 11.81 | % | 151,158 | | 24.34 | % |
£50,000 – £74,999.99 | | £7,400,701,269.71 | | $14,346,259,411.33 | | 15.51 | % | 119,389 | | 19.22 | % |
£75,000 – £99,999.99 | | £7,646,126,761.33 | | $14,822,016,726.84 | | 16.02 | % | 88,174 | | 14.20 | % |
£100,000 – £124,999.99 | | £6,542,660,758.01 | | $12,682,947,879.40 | | 13.71 | % | 58,543 | | 9.43 | % |
£125,000 – £149,999.99 | | £5,160,105,296.68 | | $10,002,864,117.61 | | 10.81 | % | 37,786 | | 6.08 | % |
£150,000 – £174,999.99 | | £3,563,899,217.84 | | $6,908,618,633.78 | | 7.47 | % | 22,092 | | 3.56 | % |
£175,000 – £199,999.99 | | £2,564,655,029.94 | | $4,971,583,775.54 | | 5.37 | % | 13,747 | | 2.21 | % |
£200,000 – £224,999.99 | | £1,856,182,200.70 | | $3,598,209,196.06 | | 3.89 | % | 8,762 | | 1.41 | % |
£225,000 – £249,999.99 | | £1,364,140,213.81 | | $2,644,385,804.47 | | 2.86 | % | 5,753 | | 0.93 | % |
£250,000 – £299,999.99 | | £1,743,575,381.31 | | $3,379,920,876.67 | | 3.65 | % | 6,398 | | 1.03 | % |
£300,000 – £349,999.99 | | £1,110,155,692.28 | | $2,152,036,809.48 | | 2.33 | % | 3,435 | | 0.55 | % |
£350,000 – £399,999.99 | | £729,402,796.84 | | $1,413,947,321.67 | | 1.53 | % | 1,952 | | 0.31 | % |
£400,000 – £449,999.99 | | £594,204,513.00 | | $1,151,865,448.45 | | 1.25 | % | 1,401 | | 0.23 | % |
£450,000 – £500,000 | | £370,642,485.87 | | $718,490,458.87 | | 0.78 | % | 783 | | 0.13 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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* | Including capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees. |
The largest mortgage account (including capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) had an outstanding current balance as at the cut-off date of £499,950.57 or $969,154.18 and the smallest mortgage account had an outstanding current balance as at the cut-off date of £0.01 or $0.02. The weighted average current balance (including capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) as at the cut-off date was approximately £128,386.37 or $248,876.98.
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LTV ratios at origination |
The following table shows the range of LTV ratios, which express the outstanding balance of the aggregate of loans in a mortgage account (excluding capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) as at the date of the initial loan origination divided by the value of the property securing the loans in that mortgage account at the same date. The seller has not revalued any of the mortgaged properties since the date of the origination of the related loan other than where an additional lending has been applied for or advanced on an account since origination, in which case the original valuation may have been updated with a more recent valuation. Where this is the case, this revised valuation has been used in formulating this data.
Range of LTV ratios at origination* | | Aggregate outstanding balance at origination (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance at origination ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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0% – 24.99% | | £2,520,226,733.00 | | $4,885,459,521.92 | | 4.87 | % | 68,134 | | 10.97 | % |
25% – 49.99% | | £13,117,748,414.28 | | $25,428,755,301.08 | | 25.36 | % | 202,693 | | 32.63 | % |
50% – 74.99% | | £20,943,539,542.05 | | $40,599,051,402.26 | | 40.49 | % | 208,012 | | 33.49 | % |
75% – 79.99% | | £3,424,645,398.00 | | $6,638,675,104.02 | | 6.62 | % | 29,201 | | 4.70 | % |
80% – 84.99% | | £2,589,384,146.00 | | $5,019,521,167.02 | | 5.01 | % | 22,813 | | 3.67 | % |
85% – 89.99% | | £3,291,312,057.00 | | $6,380,208,422.49 | | 6.36 | % | 28,695 | | 4.62 | % |
90% – 94.99% | | £3,455,042,653.00 | | $6,697,600,182.84 | | 6.68 | % | 33,011 | | 5.31 | % |
95% – 96.99% | | £1,669,889,320.00 | | $3,237,080,446.82 | | 3.23 | % | 19,423 | | 3.13 | % |
97% | | £713,539,275.00 | | $1,383,195,884.59 | | 1.38 | % | 9,126 | | 1.47 | % |
97%+ | | £4,031,030.00 | | $7,814,151.66 | | 0.01 | % | 18 | | 0.00 | % |
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Totals | | £51,729,358,568.33 | | $100,277,361,584.70 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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* | Excluding capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees. |
The weighted average LTV ratio of the mortgage accounts (excluding any capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) at origination was 61.70%. The highest LTV ratio of any mortgage account (excluding any capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) at origination was 131.69% and the lowest was 0.04%.
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The following table shows the range of LTV ratios, which express the outstanding balance of the aggregate of loans in a mortgage account (including capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) as at the cut-off date divided by the indexed valuation of the property securing the loans in that mortgage account at the same date.
Range of LTV ratios as at the cut-off date* | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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0% – 24.99% | £5,272,021,253.97 | | $10,219,813,200.82 | | 11.05 | % | 170,277 | | 27.41 | % |
25% – 49.99% | £17,096,375,473.20 | | $33,141,323,854.80 | | 35.82 | % | 240,697 | | 38.75 | % |
50% – 74.99% | £18,619,063,288.05 | | $36,093,054,183.88 | | 39.01 | % | 158,365 | | 25.50 | % |
75% – 79.99% | £2,719,743,811.40 | | $5,272,223,378.40 | | 5.70 | % | 20,347 | | 3.28 | % |
80% – 84.99% | £2,297,407,350.29 | | $4,453,524,148.54 | | 4.81 | % | 17,220 | | 2.77 | % |
85% – 89.99% | £1,319,728,345.49 | | $2,558,293,397.73 | | 2.77 | % | 10,698 | | 1.72 | % |
90% – 94.99% | £336,768,097.72 | | $652,824,957.43 | | 0.71 | % | 2,946 | | 0.47 | % |
95% – 96.99% | £49,187,359.96 | | $95,349,697.28 | | 0.10 | % | 435 | | 0.07 | % |
97% – 99.99% | £15,165,702.99 | | $29,398,715.25 | | 0.03 | % | 134 | | 0.02 | % |
100%+ | £914,650.74 | | $1,773,050.46 | | 0.00 | % | 7 | | 0.00 | % |
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Totals | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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* | Including capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees. |
The weighted average LTV ratio of the mortgage accounts (including any capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) as at the cut-off date was 51.31%. The highest LTV ratio of any mortgage account (including any capitalised interest, capitalised high LTV fees, insurance fees, booking fees and valuation fees) was 109.47% and the lowest was 0.00%.
Geographical distribution |
The following table shows the distribution of properties securing the loans throughout England, Wales and Scotland as at the cut-off date. No such properties are situated outside England, Wales or Scotland. The seller’s lending criteria and current credit scoring tests do not take into account the geographical location of the property securing a loan.
Regions | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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London & South East | | £14,211,788,314.43 | | $27,549,551,647.52 | | 29.78 | % | 124,306 | | 20.01 | % |
Midlands & East Anglia | | £10,522,968,322.25 | | $20,398,774,092.68 | | 22.05 | % | 135,987 | | 21.89 | % |
North | | £6,477,349,329.46 | | $12,556,341,675.16 | | 13.57 | % | 112,841 | | 18.17 | % |
North West | | £5,664,911,248.55 | | $10,981,430,455.31 | | 11.87 | % | 91,795 | | 14.78 | % |
Scotland | | £3,888,845,084.27 | | $7,538,526,195.86 | | 8.15 | % | 67,622 | | 10.89 | % |
South Wales & West | | £6,909,423,458.45 | | $13,393,917,374.21 | | 14.48 | % | 88,159 | | 14.19 | % |
Other* | | £51,089,576.40 | | $99,037,143.85 | | 0.11 | % | 416 | | 0.07 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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* | Where the postal code for the relevant property has not yet been allocated or is not shown in the seller’s records. |
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House prices and incomes vary throughout England, Scotland and Wales. The table below summarises the average house price and the average income for each region for the year ended 31 December 2005 in order to produce a house price to earnings ratio for each region.
Regions | | Average earnings (£ per annum)* | | Average earnings ($ per annum) | | House Price (£)** | | House Price ($) | | Price/ earnings ratio | |
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North | | £34,973 | | $67,795 | | £137,229 | | $266,018 | | 3.92 | |
North West | | £37,747 | | $73,173 | | £149,599 | | $289,998 | | 3.96 | |
Yorkshire & Humberside | | £37,210 | | $72,132 | | £148,014 | | $286,925 | | 3.98 | |
East Midlands | | £39,185 | | $75,960 | | £161,487 | | $313,043 | | 4.12 | |
West Midlands | | £39,047 | | $75,693 | | £168,904 | | $327,420 | | 4.33 | |
East Anglia | | £41,600 | | $80,642 | | £184,966 | | $358,557 | | 4.45 | |
London | | £61,532 | | $119,280 | | £282,548 | | $547,719 | | 4.59 | |
South East | | £49,872 | | $96,677 | | £239,251 | | $463,788 | | 4.80 | |
South West | | £43,225 | | $83,792 | | £204,686 | | $396,784 | | 4.74 | |
Wales | | £36,651 | | $71,048 | | £149,979 | | $290,734 | | 4.09 | |
Scotland | | £36,714 | | $71,170 | | £129,631 | | $251,290 | | 3.53 | |
* | Average recorded income of borrowers. |
** | Simple average house price. |
Source: www.communities.gov.uk/index.asp?id=1156110 |
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The following table shows the number of months since the date of origination of the initial loan in a mortgage account. The ages (but not the balances) of the loans in this table have been forecast forward to the expected closing date of 1 March for the purpose of calculating the seasoning.
Forecasted age of loans in months as at expected closing date | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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<6 | | £51,152,429.80 | | $99,158,985.17 | | 0.11 | % | 423 | | 0.07 | % |
6 to <12 | | £6,291,670,903.51 | | $12,196,404,046.45 | | 13.18 | % | 56,220 | | 9.05 | % |
12 to <18 | | £7,216,170,843.18 | | $13,988,547,179.50 | | 15.12 | % | 64,966 | | 10.46 | % |
18 to <24 | | £4,390,550,170.73 | | $8,511,081,505.96 | | 9.20 | % | 46,896 | | 7.55 | % |
24 to <30 | | £6,260,109,416.80 | | $12,135,222,104.47 | | 13.12 | % | 69,327 | | 11.16 | % |
30 to <36 | | £4,588,009,532.84 | | $8,893,856,479.41 | | 9.61 | % | 53,524 | | 8.62 | % |
36 to <42 | | £3,794,175,645.73 | | $7,355,009,489.25 | | 7.95 | % | 46,897 | | 7.55 | % |
42 to <48 | | £3,120,103,195.63 | | $6,048,320,044.73 | | 6.54 | % | 41,187 | | 6.63 | % |
48 to <54 | | £2,398,672,062.06 | | $4,649,825,792.30 | | 5.03 | % | 35,940 | | 5.79 | % |
54 to <60 | | £2,093,776,584.31 | | $4,058,785,908.68 | | 4.39 | % | 33,858 | | 5.45 | % |
60 to <66 | | £1,399,786,187.71 | | $2,713,485,524.88 | | 2.93 | % | 26,669 | | 4.29 | % |
66 to <72 | | £1,089,735,959.79 | | $2,112,453,158.05 | | 2.28 | % | 22,010 | | 3.54 | % |
72+ | | £5,032,462,401.72 | | $9,755,428,365.74 | | 10.54 | % | 123,209 | | 19.84 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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The forecasted maximum, minimum and weighted average seasoning of loans as at 1 March 2007 will be 134.54, 5.98 and 36.76 months, respectively.
Years to maturity of loans |
The following table shows the number of remaining years of the term of the initial loan in a mortgage account as at the cut-off date.
Years to maturity | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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<5 | | £991,315,090.03 | | $1,921,664,302.02 | | 2.08 | % | 37,096 | | 5.97 | % |
5 to <10 | | £4,155,554,604.80 | | $8,055,542,601.40 | | 8.71 | % | 89,227 | | 14.37 | % |
10 to <15 | | £6,633,141,541.92 | | $12,858,344,879.01 | | 13.90 | % | 106,016 | | 17.07 | % |
15 to <20 | | £11,622,203,602.97 | | $22,529,641,684.36 | | 24.35 | % | 152,187 | | 24.50 | % |
20 to <25 | | £20,995,411,438.40 | | $40,699,605,073.34 | | 43.99 | % | 202,948 | | 32.67 | % |
25 to <30 | | £2,856,100,374.94 | | $5,536,550,576.82 | | 5.98 | % | 26,311 | | 4.24 | % |
30 to <35 | | £472,648,680.75 | | $916,229,467.64 | | 0.99 | % | 7,341 | | 1.18 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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The maximum, minimum and weighted average remaining term of the loans as at the cut-off date was 33.42, 0 and 18.70 years, respectively.
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The following table shows whether the purpose of the initial loan in a mortgage account on origination was to finance the purchase of a new property or to remortgage a property already owned by the borrower.
Use of proceeds | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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Purchase | | £29,912,694,480.01 | | $57,985,758,249.50 | | 62.68 | % | 398,496 | | 64.16 | % |
Remortgage | | £17,813,680,853.80 | | $34,531,820,335.09 | | 37.32 | % | 222,630 | | 35.84 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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As at the cut-off date, the weighted average balance of loans used to finance the purchase of a new property was £126,363.41 or $244,955.47 and the weighted average balance of loans used to remortgage a property already owned by the borrower was £131,783.33 or $255,461.99.
The following table shows the types of properties to which the mortgage accounts relate.
Property type | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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Detached | | £14,244,713,215.50 | | $27,613,376,568.25 | | 29.85 | % | 146,486 | | 23.58 | % |
Semi-detached | | £14,092,699,980.02 | | $27,318,698,911.27 | | 29.53 | % | 205,615 | | 33.10 | % |
Terraced | | £13,378,527,505.89 | | $25,934,275,570.17 | | 28.03 | % | 197,612 | | 31.82 | % |
Other* | | £6,010,434,632.40 | | $11,651,227,534.90 | | 12.59 | % | 71,413 | | 11.50 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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* | Primarily flats or maisonettes. |
As at the cut-off date, the weighted average balance of loans secured by Detached, Semi-detached and Terraced was £162,115.48 or $314,260.86, £107,920.04 or $209,203.00 and £110,704.37 or $214,600.42, respectively.
The following table shows the origination channel for the initial loan in a mortgage account.
Origination channel | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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Halifax & BoS (incl telephone) | | £20,033,604,729.57 | | $38,835,142,768.27 | | 41.98 | % | 304,187 | | 48.97 | % |
Intermediaries | | £27,586,472,652.15 | | $53,476,377,236.19 | | 57.80 | % | 314,560 | | 50.64 | % |
Other channels | | £106,297,952.09 | | $206,058,580.13 | | 0.22 | % | 2,379 | | 0.38 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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The direct origination by Halifax includes Halifax estate agency branches, direct internet applications and telephone sales.
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As at the cut-off date, the weighted average balance of loans originated through direct origination, intermediaries and other channels was £108,807.94 or $210,924.19, £142,778.53 or $276,776.18 and £83,210.43 or $161,303.42, respectively.
The following table shows the repayment terms for the loans in the mortgage accounts as at the cut-off date. Where any loan in a mortgage account is interest-only, then that entire mortgage account is classified as interest-only.
Repayment terms | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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Repayment | | £29,325,788,508.15 | | $56,848,041,023.05 | | 61.45 | % | 428,733 | | 69.03 | % |
Interest-only | | £18,400,586,825.66 | | $35,669,537,561.54 | | 38.55 | % | 192,393 | | 30.97 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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As at the cut-off date, the weighted average balance of repayment loans and interest-only loans was £109,077.14 or $211,446.04 and £159,160.30 or $308,532.24 respectively.
Special rate and flexible loans |
The following table shows the distribution of special rate loans and flexible loans as at the cut-off date.
Type of rate | | Aggregate outstanding interest bearing balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding interest bearing balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of product holdings | | % of total | |
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Discounted variable rate loans | | £24,051,334.45 | | $46,623,511.83 | | 0.06 | % | 247 | | 0.04 | % |
Fixed rate loans | | £24,978,842,521.26 | | $48,421,486,227.46 | | 59.11 | % | 291,256 | | 53.06 | % |
Capped rate loans | | — | | — | | 0.00 | % | — | | 0.00 | % |
Tracker rate loans | | £17,171,992,475.20 | | $33,287,907,413.18 | | 40.64 | % | 256,436 | | 46.72 | % |
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Total special rate | | | |
loans | | £42,174,886,330.91 | | $81,756,017,152.47 | | 99.80 | % | 547,939 | | 99.82 | % |
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Flexible loans | | £82,522,029.79 | | $159,968,954.75 | | 0.20 | % | 997 | | 0.18 | % |
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Total special rate and flexible | | £42,257,408,360.70 | | $81,915,986,107.22 | | 100.00 | % | 548,936 | | 100.00 | % |
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The following table shows the payment methods for the mortgage accounts as at the cut-off date.
Payment method | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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Halifax payment plan | | £10,105,104,770.68 | | $19,588,745,597.96 | | 21.17 | % | 154,043 | | 24.80 | % |
Direct debit | | £35,768,326,406.33 | | $69,336,900,738.67 | | 74.94 | % | 433,514 | | 69.79 | % |
Other* | | £1,852,944,156.80 | | $3,591,932,247.96 | | 3.88 | % | 33,569 | | 5.40 | % |
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Totals | | £47,726,375,333.81 | | $92,517,578,584.59 | | 100.00 | % | 621,126 | | 100.00 | % |
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* | External standing orders, internal standing orders and payments made at Halifax branches. |
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Distribution of fixed rate loans |
As at the cut-off date, approximately 52.43% of the loans in the expected portfolio were fixed rate loans. The following tables show the distribution of fixed rate loans by their fixed rate of interest as at such date and the year in which the loans cease to bear a fixed rate of interest and instead bear a floating rate of interest. Unlike the prior tables in this section, the figures in these tables have been calculated on the basis of loan product holdings rather than mortgage accounts. A mortgage account may have more than one active loan product.
Fixed rate loans remain at the relevant fixed rate for a period of time as specified in the offer conditions, after which they move to a variable base rate or some other rate as specified in the offer conditions.
Fixed rate % | | Aggregate outstanding interest bearing balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding interest bearing balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of product holdings | | % of total fixed rate holdings | |
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0 – 3.99 | | £172,480,662.31 | | $334,353,763.89 | | 0.69 | % | 7,901 | | 2.71 | % |
4.00 – 4.99 | | £15,347,278,063.46 | | $29,750,698,526.02 | | 61.44 | % | 140,769 | | 48.33 | % |
5.00 – 5.99 | | £8,994,288,047.82 | | $17,435,427,380.70 | | 36.01 | % | 132,179 | | 45.38 | % |
6.00 – 6.99 | | £463,437,093.20 | | $898,372,805.17 | | 1.86 | % | 10,359 | | 3.56 | % |
7.00 – 7.99 | | £1,222,738.75 | | $2,370,279.07 | | 0.00 | % | 44 | | 0.02 | % |
8.00 – 8.99 | | £135,915.72 | | $263,472.61 | | 0.00 | % | 4 | | 0.00 | % |
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Totals | | £24,978,842,521.26 | | $48,421,486,227.46 | | 100.00 | % | 291,256 | | 100.00 | % |
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Year in which current fixed rate period ends | | Aggregate outstanding interest bearing balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding interest bearing balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of product holdings | | % of total fixed rate holdings | |
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2007 | | £8,413,845,948.91 | | $16,310,240,371.96 | | 33.68 | % | 88,212 | | 30.29 | % |
2008 | | £10,364,487,860.28 | | $20,091,559,717.15 | | 41.49 | % | 103,792 | | 35.64 | % |
2009 | | £2,044,970,551.09 | | $3,964,175,413.29 | | 8.19 | % | 27,451 | | 9.43 | % |
2010 | | £1,549,908,737.65 | | $3,004,498,087.93 | | 6.20 | % | 25,438 | | 8.73 | % |
2011 | | £1,798,153,312.80 | | $3,485,720,196.86 | | 7.20 | % | 27,284 | | 9.37 | % |
2012 | | £119,260,181.38 | | $231,185,861.61 | | 0.48 | % | 1,838 | | 0.63 | % |
2013 | | £86,704,255.34 | | $168,076,198.98 | | 0.35 | % | 1,245 | | 0.43 | % |
2014 | | £330,719,269.87 | | $641,099,304.64 | | 1.32 | % | 4,361 | | 1.50 | % |
2015 | | £164,292,476.04 | | $318,480,964.80 | | 0.66 | % | 3,807 | | 1.31 | % |
2016 | | £106,499,927.90 | | $206,450,110.24 | | 0.43 | % | 7,828 | | 2.69 | % |
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Totals | | £24,978,842,521.26 | | $48,421,486,227.46 | | 100.00 | % | 291,256 | | 100.00 | % |
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The following table shows the percentage of mortgage accounts as at the cut-off date the initial loans under which were subject to MIG policies arranged at the time the loan was originated.
| | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date (£) | | Aggregate outstanding balance as at the cut-off date ($) | | % of total | | Number of mortgage accounts | | % of total | |
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MIG policy | | £15,120,235,014.86 | | $29,310,575,576.31 | | 31.68 | % | 159,194 | | 25.63 | % |
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The following table shows the annualised payment rate for the most recent one-month, three-month and 12-month period for the mortgage accounts in the portfolio.
As of month-end | one-month annualised | | three-month annualised | | 12 month- annualised | |
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January 2007 | 30.26 | % | 35.31 | % | 33.23 | % |
| • | one-month annualised CPR is calculated as 1 – ((1 – R) ^ 12), |
| • | three-month annualised CPR is calculated as the average of the one-month annualised CPR for the most recent three months, and |
| • | 12-month annualised CPR is calculated as the average of the one-month annualised CPR for the most recent 12 months, |
where in each case R is (i) total principal receipts received plus the principal balance of loans repurchased by the seller (primarily due to further advances) during the relevant period, divided by (ii) the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio as at the start of that period.
Delinquency and loss experience of the portfolio (including loans which previously formed part of the portfolio) |
Since the establishment of the mortgages trust, total losses on loans in the portfolio (including loans which previously formed part of the portfolio) were £3,465,374.61 or $6,717,628.68, as at the cut-off date.
The following table summarises loans in arrears and repossession experience for loans in the portfolio (including loans which previously formed part of the portfolio) as at the cut-off date. The seller will represent and warrant on the closing date that no loan to be transferred to the mortgages trust on the closing date will have experienced any arrears in the prior 12 months. All of the loans in the table were originated by Halifax. Halifax services all of the loans it originates.
Halifax identifies a loan as being in arrears where an amount equal to or greater than a full month’s contractual payment is past its due date. Halifax does not define a loan as defaulted at any particular delinquency level, but rather at the time it takes the related property into possession. Halifax does not write off a loan as uncollectible until it disposes of the property relating to that loan following default.
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Loans in the portfolio (including loans which previously formed part of the portfolio) as at the cut-off date |
| 31-Jan-03 | | 31-Jan-04 | | 31-Jan-05 | | 31-Jan-06 | | 31-Jan-07 | |
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| (£) | | ($) | | (£) | | ($) | | (£) | | ($) | | (£) | | ($) | | (£) | | ($ | ) |
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Outstanding balance | 8,983,071,419.92 | | 17,413,683,947.51 | | 19,580,020,964.43 | | 37,955,870,639.55 | | 31,017,115,614.67 | | 60,126,678,619.04 | | 39,024,533,084.99 | | 75,649,057,385.25 | | 47,054,203,664.47 | | 91,214,573,803.58 | |
Number of loans outstanding | 166,084 | | | | 350,089 | | | | 484,817 | | | | 555,456 | | | | 613,508 | | |
Outstanding balance of loans in arrears | | |
1 – <2 months | 67,295,302.27 | | 130,451,943.45 | | 179,883,626.07 | | 348,704,409.14 | | 348,535,741.39 | | 675,636,534.68 | | 487,503,971.32 | | 945,026,448.40 | | 513,126,591.06 | | 994,695,896.77 | |
2 – <3 months | 10,404,479.89 | | 20,169,084.27 | | 31,645,631.82 | | 61,345,057.28 | | 83,436,139.90 | | 161,740,957.20 | | 158,401,254.38 | | 307,060,831.62 | | 157,988,163.47 | | 306,260,054.89 | |
3 – <6 months | 5,300,402.70 | | 10,274,830.63 | | 23,981,438.10 | | 46,488,017.76 | | 71,364,353.91 | | 138,339,800.05 | | 196,163,776.13 | | 380,263,480.03 | | 229,714,700.16 | | 445,301,946.28 | |
6 – <12 months | 299,293.07 | | 580,179.62 | | 6,427,975.80 | | 12,460,631.09 | | 28,598,620.21 | | 55,438,425.28 | | 102,820,850.11 | | 199,318,217.94 | | 144,150,644.14 | | 279,436,023.67 | |
12+ months | 0.00 | | 0.00 | | 618,937.15 | | 1,199,809.67 | | 3,684,230.63 | | 7,141,881.08 | | 18,864,147.78 | | 36,568,150.47 | | 58,765,634.36 | | 113,917,182.21 | |
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Total outstanding balance of loans in arrears | 83,299,477.93 | | | | 242,557,608.94 | | | | 535,619,086.04 | | | | 963,753,999.72 | | | | 1,103,745,733.19 | | | |
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Total outstanding balance of loans in arrears as % of the outstanding balance | 0.9273% | | | | 1.2388% | | | | 1.7269% | | | | 2.4696% | | | | 2.3457% | | |
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Outstanding balance of loans relating to properties in possession | 0.00 | | 0.00 | | 32,271.54 | | 62,558.38 | | 1,669,763.45 | | 3,236,836.45 | | 6,387,795.62 | | 12,382,741.81 | | 20,473,398.80 | | 39,687,683.57 | |
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Outstanding balance of loans relating to properties sold during the period(1) | 0.00 | | 0.00 | | 60,781.61 | | 117,825.15 | | 1,254,308.92 | | 2,431,477.84 | | 6,442,615.46 | | 12,489,010.07 | | 41,166,221.73 | | 79,800,720.82 | |
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Net loss on sales of all repossessed properties(2) | 0.00 | | 0.00 | | 0.00 | | 0.00 | | 18,611.89 | | 36,079.15 | | 420,037.43 | | 814,242.56 | | 3,549,112.14 | | 6,879,953.88 | |
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Ratio of aggregate net losses to aggregate outstanding balance of loans | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0.00006 | | | | 0.00108 | | | | 0.00754 | | |
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Average net loss on all properties sold | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 886.28 | | | | 6,000.53 | | | | 10,257.55 | | | |
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Number of loans outstanding in arrears | | |
1 – <2 months | 1,152 | | | | 2,804 | | | | 4,605 | | | | 5,675 | | | | 5,597 | | |
2 – <3 months | 180 | | | | 498 | | | | 1,103 | | | | 1,828 | | | | 1,692 | | |
3 – <6 months | 96 | | | | 435 | | | | 1,043 | | | | 2,203 | | | | 2,384 | | |
6 – <12 months | 7 | | | | 133 | | | | 428 | | | | 1,110 | | | | 1,494 | | |
12+ months | 0 | | | | 10 | | | | 70 | | | | 240 | | | | 543 | | |
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Total number of loans outstanding in arrears | 1,435 | | | | 3,880 | | | | 7,249 | | | | 11,056 | | | | 11,710 | | |
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Total number of loans outstanding in arrears as % of the number of loans outstanding | 0.8640 | | | | 1,1083 | | | | 1.4952 | | | | 1.9904 | | | | 1.9087 | | |
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Number of properties in possession | 0 | | | | 1 | | | | 20 | | | | 74 | | | | 175 | | |
Number of properties sold during the period | 0 | | | | 2 | | | | 21 | | | | 70 | | | | 346 | | |
(1) | Properties sold may relate to properties taken into possession in prior periods. |
(2) | Net loss is net of recoveries in the current period on properties sold in prior periods. |
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There can be no assurance that the arrears experience with respect to the loans comprising the portfolio in the future will correspond to the experience of the portfolio as set forth in the foregoing table. If the property market experiences an overall decline in property values so that the value of the properties in the portfolio falls below the principal balances of the loans, the actual rates of arrears could be significantly higher than those previously experienced. In addition, other adverse economic conditions, whether or not they affect property values, may nonetheless affect the timely payment by borrowers of principal and interest and, accordingly, the rates of arrears and losses with respect to the loans in the portfolio. Noteholders should observe that the United Kingdom experienced relatively low and stable interest rates during the periods covered in the preceding table. If interest rates were to rise, it is likely that the rate of arrears would rise .
The level of mortgage arrears on loans originated by Halifax has reduced since the recession in the United Kingdom in the early nineties. The introduction of the scorecard in judging applications – and thus reducing discretion – has helped to keep the arrears level low, as have a healthy economic climate and historically low interest rates.
House price inflation has indirectly contributed to the improved arrears situation by enabling borrowers to sell at a profit if they encounter financial hardship. In the late 1980s house prices rose substantially faster than inflation as housing turnover increased to record levels. This was at a time when the economy grew rapidly, which led to falling unemployment and relatively high rates of real income growth. These fed into higher demand for housing, and house prices rose rapidly. Demand was further increased by changes in taxation legislation with regard to tax relief on mortgage payments in 1988. When monetary policy was subsequently tightened (in terms of both “locking in” sterling to the European Exchange Rate Mechanism and higher interest rates), the pace of economic activity first slowed and then turned into recession. Rising unemployment combined with high interest rates led to a fall in housing demand and increased default rates and repossess ions. The ability of borrowers to refinance was limited as house prices began to fall and many were in a position of negative equity (borrowings greater than the resale value of the property) in relation to their mortgages.
Halifax regularly reviews its lending policies in the light of prevailing market conditions and reviews actions so as to mitigate possible problems. The performance of Halifax new business and the arrears profiles are continuously monitored in monthly reports. Any deterioration of the arrears level is investigated and the internal procedures are reviewed if necessary.
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ANNEX A-2
Characteristics of the United Kingdom residential mortgage market |
The information provided in this Annex A-2 constitutes an integral part of this prospectus supplement and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
The UK housing market is primarily one of owner-occupied housing, with the remainder in some form of public, private landlord or social ownership. The mortgage market, whereby loans are provided for the purchase of a property and secured on that property, is the primary source of household borrowings in the United Kingdom.
Set out in the following tables are certain characteristics of the United Kingdom mortgage market.
In the following tables, quarterly industry constant repayment rate (industry CPR) data was calculated by dividing the amount of scheduled and unscheduled repayments of mortgages made by building societies in a quarter by the quarterly balance of mortgages outstanding for building societies in the United Kingdom. These quarterly repayment rates were then annualised using standard methodology.
Quarter | | Industry CPR rate for the quarter (%) | | 12-month rolling average (%) | | Quarter | | Industry CPR rate for the quarter (%) | | 12-month rolling average (%) | |
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March 1985 | | 10.02 | | 11.61 | | June 1985 | | 11.67 | | 11.49 | |
September 1985 | | 13.46 | | 11.76 | | December 1985 | | 13.68 | | 12.21 | |
March 1986 | | 11.06 | | 12.47 | | June 1986 | | 15.53 | | 13.43 | |
September 1986 | | 17.52 | | 14.45 | | December 1986 | | 15.60 | | 14.92 | |
March 1987 | | 10.57 | | 14.80 | | June 1987 | | 14.89 | | 14.64 | |
September 1987 | | 16.79 | | 14.46 | | December 1987 | | 16.18 | | 14.61 | |
March 1988 | | 13.55 | | 15.35 | | June 1988 | | 16.03 | | 15.64 | |
September 1988 | | 18.23 | | 16.00 | | December 1988 | | 12.60 | | 15.10 | |
March 1989 | | 8.85 | | 13.93 | | June 1989 | | 13.04 | | 13.18 | |
September 1989 | | 11.53 | | 11.51 | | December 1989 | | 10.38 | | 10.95 | |
March 1990 | | 8.91 | | 10.96 | | June 1990 | | 9.37 | | 10.05 | |
September 1990 | | 9.66 | | 9.58 | | December 1990 | | 10.58 | | 9.63 | |
March 1991 | | 9.07 | | 9.67 | | June 1991 | | 10.69 | | 10.00 | |
September 1991 | | 11.57 | | 10.48 | | December 1991 | | 10.24 | | 10.39 | |
March 1992 | | 9.14 | | 10.41 | | June 1992 | | 9.12 | | 10.02 | |
September 1992 | | 9.75 | | 9.56 | | December 1992 | | 7.96 | | 8.99 | |
March 1993 | | 8.53 | | 8.84 | | June 1993 | | 10.01 | | 9.06 | |
September 1993 | | 10.68 | | 9.30 | | December 1993 | | 10.03 | | 9.81 | |
March 1994 | | 9.00 | | 9.93 | | June 1994 | | 10.52 | | 10.06 | |
September 1994 | | 11.10 | | 10.16 | | December 1994 | | 10.72 | | 10.33 | |
March 1995 | | 9.15 | | 10.37 | | June 1995 | | 10.51 | | 10.37 | |
September 1995 | | 11.76 | | 10.53 | | December 1995 | | 11.61 | | 10.76 | |
March 1996 | | 10.14 | | 11.00 | | June 1996 | | 11.32 | | 11.21 | |
September 1996 | | 13.20 | | 11.57 | | December 1996 | | 12.58 | | 11.81 | |
March 1997 | | 9.75 | | 11.71 | | June 1997 | | 15.05 | | 12.65 | |
September 1997 | | 12.18 | | 12.39 | | December 1997 | | 11.17 | | 12.04 | |
March 1998 | | 10.16 | | 12.14 | | June 1998 | | 12.05 | | 11.39 | |
September 1998 | | 13.79 | | 11.79 | | December 1998 | | 13.44 | | 12.36 | |
March 1999 | | 11.14 | | 12.60 | | June 1999 | | 14.39 | | 13.19 | |
September 1999 | | 15.59 | | 13.64 | | December 1999 | | 14.94 | | 14.02 | |
March 2000 | | 13.82 | | 14.69 | | June 2000 | | 13.86 | | 14.55 | |
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Quarter | | Industry CPR rate for the quarter (%) | | 12-month rolling average (%) | | Quarter | | Industry CPR rate for the quarter (%) | | 12-month rolling average (%) | |
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September 2000 | | 14.89 | | 14.38 | | December 2000 | | 15.55 | | 14.53 | |
March 2001 | | 15.47 | | 14.94 | | June 2001 | | 17.36 | | 15.81 | |
September 2001 | | 19.12 | | 16.87 | | December 2001 | | 19.01 | | 17.74 | |
March 2002 | | 18.68 | | 18.54 | | June 2002 | | 19.88 | | 19.17 | |
September 2002 | | 22.40 | | 19.99 | | December 2002 | | 22.16 | | 20.78 | |
March 2003 | | 19.51 | | 20.99 | | June 2003 | | 20.18 | | 21.06 | |
September 2003 | | 21.65 | | 20.88 | | December 2003 | | 21.33 | | 20.67 | |
March 2004 | | 19.90 | | 20.77 | | June 2004 | | 21.42 | | 21.07 | |
September 2004 | | 21.41 | | 21.01 | | December 2004 | | 18.71 | | 20.36 | |
March 2005 | | 17.76 | | 19.83 | | June 2005 | | 17.75 | | 18.91 | |
September 2005 | | 20.24 | | 18.62 | | December 2005 | | 20.36 | | 19.03 | |
March 2006 | | 19.65 | | 19.50 | | June 2006 | | 19.37 | | 19.90 | |
September 2006 | | 21.24 | | 20.15 | | December 2006 | | 21.07 | | 20.33 | |
Source of repayment and outstanding mortgage information: Council of Mortgage Lenders and the Bank of England |
You should note that the CPR table above presents the historical CPR experience only of building societies in the United Kingdom. During the late 1990s, a number of former building societies (including the seller) converted to stock form UK banks and the CPR experience of these banks is therefore not included in the foregoing building society CPR data.
The table below sets out the repossession rate of residential properties in the United Kingdom since 1985.
Year | Repossessions (%) | | Year | | Repossessions (%) | | Year | | Repossessions ( | %) |
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1985 | 0.25 | | 1992 | | 0.69 | | 1999 | | 0.27 | |
1986 | 0.30 | | 1993 | | 0.58 | | 2000 | | 0.20 | |
1987 | 0.32 | | 1994 | | 0.47 | | 2001 | | 0.14 | |
1988 | 0.22 | | 1995 | | 0.47 | | 2002 | | 0.11 | |
1989 | 0.17 | | 1996 | | 0.40 | | 2003 | | 0.07 | |
1990 | 0.47 | | 1997 | | 0.31 | | 2004 | | 0.05 | |
1991 | 0.77 | | 1998 | | 0.31 | | 2005 | | 0.09 | |
| | | | | | | 2006 | | 0.15 | |
Source: Council of Mortgage Lenders |
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House price to earnings ratio |
The following table shows the ratio for each year of the average annual value of houses compared to the average annual salary in the United Kingdom. The average annual earnings figures are constructed using the CML’s new earnings survey figures referring to weekly earnings in April of each year for those male employees whose earnings were not affected by their absence from work. While this is a good indication of house affordability, it does not take into account the fact that the majority of households have more than one income to support a mortgage loan.
Year | House Price to Earnings Ratio | | Year | | House Price to Earnings Ratio | |
|
| |
| |
| |
1994 | 3.45 | | 2000 | | 4.46 | |
1995 | 3.39 | | 2001 | | 4.54 | |
1996 | 3.42 | | 2002 | | 5.12 | |
1997 | 3.64 | | 2003 | | 5.67 | |
1998 | 3.88 | | 2004 | | 6.04 | |
1999 | 4.11 | | 2005 | | 6.18 | |
Source: Council of Mortgage Lenders |
UK residential property prices, as measured by the Nationwide House Price Index and Halifax Price Index (collectively the Housing Indices), have generally followed the UK Retail Price Index over an extended period. (Nationwide is a UK building society and Halifax is a UK bank.)
The UK housing market has been through various economic cycles in the recent past, with large year-to-year increases in the Housing Indices occurring in the late 1980s and large decreases occurring in the early 1990s.
| Retail Price Index | | Nationwide House Price Index | | Halifax House Price Index | |
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| |
| |
| |
Quarter | Index | | % annual change | | Index | | % annual change | | Index | | % annual change | |
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
March 1985 | 92.0 | | 5.4 | | 66.2 | | 11.2 | | 113.5 | | 8.6 | |
June 1985 | 95.1 | | 6.8 | | 68.2 | | 10.3 | | 115.4 | | 8.5 | |
September 1985 | 95.4 | | 6.1 | | 69.2 | | 10.5 | | 116.8 | | 7.5 | |
December 1985 | 95.9 | | 5.4 | | 70.7 | | 8.6 | | 120.6 | | 8.3 | |
March 1986 | 96.5 | | 4.8 | | 71.1 | | 7.1 | | 124.0 | | 8.8 | |
June 1986 | 97.8 | | 2.8 | | 73.8 | | 7.9 | | 128.1 | | 10.4 | |
September 1986 | 97.9 | | 2.6 | | 76.3 | | 9.8 | | 132.2 | | 12.4 | |
December 1986 | 99.1 | | 3.3 | | 79.0 | | 11.1 | | 136.8 | | 12.6 | |
March 1987 | 100.3 | | 3.8 | | 81.6 | | 13.8 | | 142.3 | | 13.8 | |
June 1987 | 101.9 | | 4.1 | | 85.8 | | 15.1 | | 146.7 | | 13.6 | |
September 1987 | 102.1 | | 4.2 | | 88.6 | | 15.0 | | 151.5 | | 13.6 | |
December 1987 | 103.2 | | 4.0 | | 88.5 | | 11.4 | | 158.0 | | 14.4 | |
March 1988 | 103.7 | | 3.3 | | 90.0 | | 9.8 | | 167.0 | | 16.0 | |
June 1988 | 106.2 | | 4.1 | | 97.6 | | 12.9 | | 179.4 | | 20.1 | |
September 1988 | 107.7 | | 5.3 | | 108.4 | | 20.2 | | 197.4 | | 26.5 | |
December 1988 | 109.9 | | 6.3 | | 114.2 | | 25.5 | | 211.8 | | 29.3 | |
March 1989 | 111.7 | | 7.4 | | 118.8 | | 27.8 | | 220.7 | | 27.9 | |
June 1989 | 114.9 | | 7.9 | | 124.2 | | 24.1 | | 226.1 | | 23.1 | |
September 1989 | 116.0 | | 7.4 | | 125.2 | | 14.4 | | 225.5 | | 13.3 | |
December 1989 | 118.3 | | 7.4 | | 122.7 | | 7.2 | | 222.5 | | 4.9 | |
March 1990 | 120.4 | | 7.5 | | 118.9 | | 0.1 | | 223.7 | | 1.4 | |
June 1990 | 126.0 | | 9.2 | | 117.7 | | (5.4 | ) | 223.3 | | (1.2 | ) |
September 1990 | 128.1 | | 9.9 | | 114.2 | | (9.2 | ) | 222.7 | | (1.2 | ) |
December 1990 | 130.1 | | 9.5 | | 109.6 | | (11.3 | ) | 223.0 | | 0.2 | |
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| Retail Price Index | | Nationwide House Price Index | | Halifax House Price Index | |
|
| |
| |
| |
Quarter | Index | | % annual change | | Index | | % annual change | | Index | | % annual change | |
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
March 1991 | 130.8 | | 8.3 | | 108.8 | | (8.9 | ) | 223.1 | | (0.3 | ) |
June 1991 | 133.6 | | 5.9 | | 110.6 | | (6.2 | ) | 221.9 | | (0.6 | ) |
September 1991 | 134.2 | | 4.7 | | 109.5 | | (4.2 | ) | 219.5 | | (1.4 | ) |
December 1991 | 135.5 | | 4.1 | | 107.0 | | (2.4 | ) | 217.7 | | (2.4 | ) |
March 1992 | 136.2 | | 4.0 | | 104.1 | | (4.4 | ) | 213.2 | | (4.5 | ) |
June 1992 | 139.1 | | 4.0 | | 105.1 | | (5.1 | ) | 208.8 | | (6.1 | ) |
September 1992 | 139.0 | | 3.5 | | 104.2 | | (5.0 | ) | 206.9 | | (5.9 | ) |
December 1992 | 139.6 | | 3.0 | | 100.1 | | (6.7 | ) | 199.5 | | (8.7 | ) |
March 1993 | 138.7 | | 1.8 | | 100.0 | | (4.0 | ) | 199.6 | | (6.6 | ) |
June 1993 | 140.9 | | 1.3 | | 103.6 | | (1.4 | ) | 201.7 | | (3.5 | ) |
September 1993 | 141.3 | | 1.6 | | 103.2 | | (1.0 | ) | 202.6 | | (2.1 | ) |
December 1993 | 141.8 | | 1.6 | | 101.8 | | 1.7 | | 203.5 | | 2.0 | |
March 1994 | 142.0 | | 2.4 | | 102.4 | | 2.4 | | 204.6 | | 2.5 | |
June 1994 | 144.5 | | 2.5 | | 102.5 | | (1.1 | ) | 202.9 | | 0.6 | |
September 1994 | 144.6 | | 2.3 | | 103.2 | | 0.0 | | 202.7 | | 0.0 | |
December 1994 | 145.5 | | 2.6 | | 104.0 | | 2.1 | | 201.9 | | (0.8 | ) |
March 1995 | 146.8 | | 3.3 | | 101.9 | | (0.5 | ) | 201.8 | | (1.4 | ) |
June 1995 | 149.5 | | 3.4 | | 103.0 | | 0.5 | | 199.3 | | (1.8 | ) |
September 1995 | 149.9 | | 3.6 | | 102.4 | | (0.8 | ) | 197.8 | | (2.4 | ) |
December 1995 | 150.1 | | 3.1 | | 101.6 | | (2.3 | ) | 199.2 | | (1.3 | ) |
March 1996 | 150.9 | | 2.8 | | 102.5 | | 0.6 | | 202.1 | | 0.1 | |
June 1996 | 152.8 | | 2.2 | | 105.8 | | 2.7 | | 206.7 | | 3.6 | |
September 1996 | 153.1 | | 2.1 | | 107.7 | | 5.1 | | 208.8 | | 5.4 | |
December 1996 | 154.0 | | 2.6 | | 110.1 | | 8.0 | | 213.9 | | 7.1 | |
March 1997 | 154.9 | | 2.6 | | 111.3 | | 8.3 | | 216.7 | | 7.0 | |
June 1997 | 156.9 | | 2.6 | | 116.5 | | 9.6 | | 220.2 | | 6.3 | |
September 1997 | 158.4 | | 3.4 | | 121.2 | | 11.8 | | 222.6 | | 6.4 | |
December 1997 | 159.7 | | 3.6 | | 123.3 | | 11.4 | | 225.4 | | 5.2 | |
March 1998 | 160.2 | | 3.4 | | 125.5 | | 12.0 | | 228.4 | | 5.3 | |
June 1998 | 163.2 | | 3.9 | | 130.1 | | 11.0 | | 232.1 | | 5.3 | |
September 1998 | 163.7 | | 3.3 | | 132.4 | | 8.8 | | 234.8 | | 5.3 | |
December 1998 | 164.4 | | 2.9 | | 132.3 | | 7.0 | | 237.2 | | 5.1 | |
March 1999 | 163.7 | | 2.2 | | 134.6 | | 7.0 | | 238.6 | | 4.4 | |
June 1999 | 165.5 | | 1.4 | | 139.7 | | 7.1 | | 245.5 | | 5.6 | |
September 1999 | 165.6 | | 1.2 | | 144.4 | | 8.6 | | 255.5 | | 8.4 | |
December 1999 | 166.8 | | 1.4 | | 148.9 | | 11.8 | | 264.1 | | 10.7 | |
March 2000 | 167.5 | | 2.3 | | 155.0 | | 14.1 | | 273.1 | | 13.5 | |
June 2000 | 170.6 | | 3.0 | | 162.0 | | 14.8 | | 272.8 | | 10.5 | |
September 2000 | 170.9 | | 3.2 | | 161.5 | | 11.2 | | 275.9 | | 7.7 | |
December 2000 | 172.0 | | 3.1 | | 162.8 | | 9.0 | | 278.6 | | 5.3 | |
March 2001 | 171.8 | | 2.5 | | 167.5 | | 7.8 | | 281.7 | | 3.1 | |
June 2001 | 173.9 | | 1.9 | | 174.8 | | 7.6 | | 293.2 | | 7.2 | |
September 2001 | 174.0 | | 1.8 | | 181.6 | | 11.8 | | 302.4 | | 9.2 | |
December 2001 | 173.8 | | 1.0 | | 184.6 | | 12.5 | | 311.8 | | 11.3 | |
March 2002 | 173.9 | | 1.2 | | 190.2 | | 12.7 | | 327.3 | | 15.0 | |
June 2002 | 176.0 | | 1.2 | | 206.5 | | 16.6 | | 343.7 | | 15.9 | |
September 2002 | 176.6 | | 1.5 | | 221.1 | | 19.7 | | 366.1 | | 19.1 | |
December 2002 | 178.2 | | 2.5 | | 231.3 | | 22.6 | | 392.1 | | 22.9 | |
March 2003 | 179.2 | | 3.0 | | 239.3 | | 22.9 | | 403.8 | | 21.0 | |
June 2003 | 181.3 | | 3.0 | | 250.1 | | 19.2 | | 419.0 | | 19.8 | |
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| Retail Price Index | | Nationwide House Price Index | | Halifax House Price Index | |
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| |
| |
| |
Quarter | Index | | % annual change | | Index | | % annual change | | Index | | % annual change | |
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
September 2003 | 181.8 | | 2.9 | | 258.9 | | 15.8 | | 434.5 | | 17.1 | |
December 2003 | 182.9 | | 2.6 | | 267.1 | | 14.4 | | 455.3 | | 14.9 | |
March 2004 | 183.8 | | 2.5 | | 277.3 | | 14.8 | | 480.3 | | 17.3 | |
June 2004 | 186.3 | | 2.7 | | 296.2 | | 16.9 | | 508.4 | | 19.3 | |
September 2004 | 187.4 | | 3.0 | | 306.2 | | 16.8 | | 522.0 | | 18.3 | |
December 2004 | 189.2 | | 3.4 | | 304.1 | | 13.0 | | 523.5 | | 14.0 | |
March 2005 | 189.7 | | 3.2 | | 304.8 | | 9.4 | | 526.9 | | 9.3 | |
June 2005 | 191.9 | | 3.0 | | 314.2 | | 5.9 | | 526.8 | | 3.6 | |
September 2005 | 192.6 | | 2.7 | | 314.4 | | 2.7 | | 537.7 | | 3.0 | |
December 2005 | 193.7 | | 2.4 | | 314.0 | | 3.2 | | 550.3 | | 5.0 | |
March 2006 | 194.2 | | 2.3 | | 319.8 | | 4.8 | | 561.1 | | 6.3 | |
June 2006 | 197.6 | | 2.9 | | 329.2 | | 4.7 | | 576.4 | | 9.0 | |
September 2006 | 199.3 | | 3.4 | | 336.1 | | 6.6 | | 580.9 | | 7.7 | |
December 2006 | 201.4 | | 3.9 | | 343.2 | | 8.9 | | 605.1 | | 9.5 | |
Source: Office for National Statistics, Nationwide Building Society and Halifax plc, respectively. “NA” indicates that the relevant figure is not available. |
The percentage annual change in the table above is calculated in accordance with the following formula:
LN(x/y) where x is equal to the current quarter’s index value and y is equal to the index value of the previous year’s corresponding quarter.
All information contained in this prospectus supplement in respect of the Nationwide House Price Index has been reproduced from information published by Nationwide Building Society. All information contained in this prospectus supplement in respect of the Halifax House Price Index has been reproduced from information published by HBOS plc. The issuing entity confirms that all information in this prospectus supplement in respect of the Nationwide House Price Index and the Halifax House Price Index has been accurately reproduced and that, so far as it is aware and is able to ascertain from information published by Nationwide Building Society and HBOS plc, no facts have been omitted which would render the reproduced information inaccurate or misleading.
Note, however, that the issuing entity has not participated in the preparation of that information nor made any enquiry with respect to that information. Neither the issuing entity nor Nationwide Building Society nor HBOS plc makes any representation as to the accuracy of the information or has any liability whatsoever to you in connection with that information. Anyone relying on the information does so at their own risk.
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ANNEX B
Notes issued by issuing entity and loan tranches advanced by issuing entity to Funding 2 in connection therewith |
The information provided in this Annex B constitutes an integral part of this prospectus supplement and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
As at the closing date, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of notes issued by the issuing entity (converted, where applicable, into sterling at the applicable specified currency exchange rate), including the offered notes described herein, will be:
class A notes | £9,197,240,000 |
class B notes | £325,320,000 |
class C notes | £325,320,000 |
As at the closing date, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loan tranches advanced by the issuing entity to Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement, including the loan tranches described herein, will be:
AAA | £9,197,240,000 |
AA | £325,320,000 |
BBB | £325,320,000 |
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ANNEX C
Notes issued by Funding 1 issuing entities and term advances by Funding 1 issuing entities to Funding 1 in connection therewith |
The information provided in this Annex C constitutes an integral part of this prospectus supplement and is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
As at the closing date, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of notes issued by Funding 1 issuing entities (converted, where applicable, into sterling at the applicable specified currency exchange rate), will be:
AAA | £27,595,235,750 |
AA | £986,755,000 |
A | £127,409,000 |
BBB | £915,012,000 |
As at the closing date, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of term advances advanced by Funding 1 issuing entities to Funding 1, will be:
AAA | £27,595,235,750 |
AA | £986,755,000 |
A | £127,409,000 |
BBB | £915,012,000 |
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ANNEX D
Start-up loan and previous start-up loans to Funding 2 |
The Funding 2 start-up loan to be made available to Funding 2 on the closing date in connection with the issue 2007-1 notes will have the following terms:
Funding 2 start-up loan provider: | | Halifax |
Initial outstanding principal balance: | | £80,700,000 |
Interest rate: | | Three-month sterling LIBOR plus 0.25% per annum and from, and including, the Funding 2 interest payment date occurring in January 2013, 0.50 per cent. per annum |
The Funding 2 start-up loan made available to Funding 2 on 17 October 2006 in connection with the issue 2006-1 notes had the following terms:
Funding 2 start-up loan provider: | | Halifax |
Initial outstanding principal balance: | | £100,000,000 |
Interest rate: | | Three-month sterling LIBOR plus 0.25% per annum and from, and including, the Funding 2 interest payment date occurring in April 2013, 0.50 per cent. per annum |
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ANNEX E
Previous start-up loans to Funding 1 |
The following start-up loans have been made available to Funding 1 by Halifax (in its capacity as the start-up loan provider) in connection with the issues of notes, by the Funding 1 issuing entities set out below, for the stated current outstanding principal balance and interest rate.
Funding 1 issuing entity | | Current outstanding principal balance |
| |
|
Permanent Financing (No.1) plc | | £75,063,303.60 |
Permanent Financing (No.2) plc | | £76,112,168.58 |
Permanent Financing (No.3) plc | | £33,058,814.55 |
Permanent Financing (No.4) plc | | £67,682,967.76 |
Permanent Financing (No.5) plc | | £39,108,600.41 |
Permanent Financing (No.6) plc | | £5,787,870.01 |
Permanent Financing (No.7) plc | | £82,726,281.99 |
Permanent Financing (No.8) plc | | £36,441,753.31 |
Permanent Financing (No.9) plc | | £5,707,581.73 |
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ANNEX F
Static Pool Data
This annex sets out, to the extent material, certain static pool information with respect to the loans in the mortgages trust.
The issuing entity has not included static pool information in this annex on prepayments because changes in prepayment and payment rates historically have not affected repayment of the notes and are not anticipated to have a significant effect on future payments on the notes for a number of reasons including the following: the mechanics of the mortgages trust require an extended cash accumulation period when prepayment rates fall below certain minima dictated by the rating agencies, serving to limit the extent to which slow prepayments would cause the average lives of the notes to extend. Conversely, rapid prepayments should not cause the average lives of the notes to shorten so long as the seller maintains the minimum required mortgages trust size. Furthermore, only a limited amount of note principal in relation to the very large mortgages trust size is actually due to be repaid on any particular interest payment date.
One of the characteristics of the mortgages trust is that the seller is able to sell more loans to the mortgages trustee over time, whether in connection with an issuance of notes by the issuing entity, any new Funding 2 issuing entity or any Funding 1 issuing entity or in order to maintain the minimum seller share. To aid in understanding changes to the mortgages trust over time, the following table sets out information relating to each sale of loans by the seller to the mortgages trustee pursuant to the mortgage sale agreement.
Date | Balance of loans substituted or sold | | Number of loans substituted or sold | | In connection with previous issue by |
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| |
| |
|
June 2002 | £10,117,255,819 | | 173,505 | | Permanent Financing (No. 1) PLC |
November 2002 | £898,016,408 | | 16,209 | | N/A |
January 2003 | £894,475,758 | | 16,835 | | N/A |
March 2003 | £10,538,839,220 | | 186,140 | | Permanent Financing (No. 2) PLC |
June 2003 | £1,576,963,369 | | 25,652 | | N/A |
September 2003 | £1,688,468,552 | | 23,426 | | N/A |
October 2003 | £2,735,667,398 | | 37,770 | | N/A |
January 2004 | £2,670,143,154 | | 35,418 | | N/A |
March 2004 | £9,376,972,811 | | 134,716 | | Permanent Financing (No. 4) PLC |
July 2004 | £3,698,396,657 | | 48,652 | | N/A |
November 2004 | £9,582,315,930 | | 104,569 | | Permanent Financing (No. 6) PLC |
March 2005 | £6,625,343,617 | | 70,542 | | Permanent Financing (No. 7) PLC |
June 2005 | £9,483,670,772 | | 101,317 | | Permanent Financing (No. 8) PLC |
December 2005 | £5,786,749,656 | | 65,460 | | N/A |
March 2006 | £9,637,574,095 | | 101,599 | | Permanent Financing (No. 9) PLC |
October 2006 | £8,838,288,141 | | 86,769 | | Permanent Master Issuer PLC 2006-1 Notes |
December 2006 | £6,373,078,080 | | 60,773 | | N/A |
The sale of new loans by the seller to the mortgages trustee is subject to conditions, including ones required by the rating agencies, designed to maintain certain credit-related and other characteristics of the mortgages trust. These include limits on loans in arrears in the mortgages trust at the time of sale, limits on the aggregate balance of loans sold, limits on changes in the weighted average foreclosure frequency (WAFF) and the weighted average loss severity (WALS), minimum yield for the loans in the mortgages trust after the sale and maximum LTV for the loans in the mortgages trust after the sale. See a description of these conditions in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” in the accompanying prospectus.
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The following tables show, for each of the last five years of origination, the distribution of loans in the mortgages trust originated in that year by delinquency category as at each year-end starting in 2002, when the mortgages trust was established.
Static pool information set out in this annex is not deemed part of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or of the registration statement of which the accompanying prospectus is a part to the extent that the static pool information relates to loans originated by Halifax before 1 January 2006.
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Portfolio arrears by year of origination
Loans originated in 2001
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | 31,056 | | £2,067,815,506.17 | | 98.35 | % | 98.28 | % | 69,156 | | £3,928,308,333.74 | | 98.57 | % | 98.35 | % | 66,020 | | £3,490,804,655.45 | | 98.41 | % | 98.19 | % | 53,112 | | £2,708,370,121.10 | | 98.02 | % | 97.46 | % | 44,525 | | £2,214,586,187.60 | | 98.23% | | 97.72% | |
1 – < 2 months | 443 | | £30,778,764.13 | | 1.40 | % | 1.46 | % | 709 | | £48,734,510.89 | | 1.01 | % | 1.22 | % | 666 | | £41,188,641.03 | | 0.99 | % | 1.16 | % | 562 | | £36,919,662.41 | | 1.04 | % | 1.33 | % | 380 | | £22,989,715.61 | | 0.84% | | 1.01% | |
2 – < 3 months | 53 | | £3,706,043.16 | | 0.17 | % | 0.18 | % | 141 | | £8,504,061.78 | | 0.20 | % | 0.21 | % | 148 | | £9,132,487.95 | | 0.22 | % | 0.26 | % | 157 | | £10,727,450.22 | | 0.29 | % | 0.39 | % | 104 | | £6,445,784.63 | | 0.23% | | 0.28% | |
3 – < 6 months | 23 | | £1,658,074.57 | | 0.07 | % | 0.08 | % | 120 | | £6,862,076.15 | | 0.17 | % | 0.17 | % | 169 | | £8,627,408.20 | | 0.25 | % | 0.24 | % | 211 | | £13,932,712.13 | | 0.39 | % | 0.50 | % | 164 | | £10,510,933.64 | | 0.36% | | 0.46% | |
6 – < 12 months | 3 | | £132,908.78 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 28 | | £1,604,651.77 | | 0.04 | % | 0.04 | % | 69 | | £4,576,113.41 | | 0.10 | % | 0.13 | % | 110 | | £7,410,333.96 | | 0.20 | % | 0.27 | % | 103 | | £7,876,465.79 | | 0.23% | | 0.35% | |
12+ months | | | | | | | | | 4 | | £165,817.79 | | 0.01 | % | 0.00 | % | 17 | | £720,432.45 | | 0.03 | % | 0.02 | % | 32 | | £1,624,814.71 | | 0.06 | % | 0.06 | % | 50 | | £3,886,356.89 | | 0.11% | | 0.17% | |
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Total | 31,578 | | £2,104,091,296.81 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 70,158 | | £3,994,179,452.12 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 67,089 | | £3,555,049,738.49 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 54,184 | | £2,778,985,094.53 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 45,326 | | £2,266,295,444.16 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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Loans originated in 2002
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| | |
| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | 1,727 | | £126,307,564.56 | | 99.48 | % | 99.44 | % | 46,697 | | £3,388,754,285.77 | | 98.91 | % | 98.82 | % | 112,326 | | £7,715,051,727.75 | | 98.19 | % | 97.89 | % | 82,578 | | £5,313,206,575.66 | | 97.14 | % | 96.23 | % | 65,874 | | £4,087,368,880.24 | | 97.49% | | 96.58% | |
1 – < 2 months | 7 | | £569,682.47 | | 0.40 | % | 0.45 | % | 370 | | £29,634,533.26 | | 0.78 | % | 0.86 | % | 1,369 | | £113,084,968.76 | | 1.20 | % | 1.43 | % | 1,236 | | £102,798,534.42 | | 1.45 | % | 1.86 | % | 711 | | £56,735,694.50 | | 1.05% | | 1.34% | |
2 – < 3 months | 2 | | £147,586.08 | | 0.12 | % | 0.12 | % | 90 | | £6,982,473.20 | | 0.19 | % | 0.20 | % | 281 | | £21,469,974.92 | | 0.25 | % | 0.27 | % | 368 | | £32,782,261.81 | | 0.43 | % | 0.59 | % | 255 | | £23,709,566.68 | | 0.38% | | 0.56% | |
3 – < 6 months | | | | | | | | | 49 | | £3,657,248.63 | | 0.10 | % | 0.11 | % | 308 | | £23,788,337.75 | | 0.27 | % | 0.30 | % | 472 | | £40,800,694.05 | | 0.56 | % | 0.74 | % | 343 | | £30,941,281.02 | | 0.51% | | 0.73% | |
6 – < 12 months | | | | | | | | | 7 | | £264,059.37 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 106 | | £7,300,194.83 | | 0.09 | % | 0.09 | % | 284 | | £25,831,543.76 | | 0.33 | % | 0.47 | % | 267 | | £21,757,894.81 | | 0.40% | | 0.51% | |
12+ months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8 | | £406,929.28 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 72 | | £6,024,736.92 | | 0.08 | % | 0.11 | % | 118 | | £11,535,951.85 | | 0.17% | | 0.27% | |
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Total | 1,736 | | £127,024,833.12 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 47,213 | | £3,429,292,600.23 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 114,398 | | £7,881,102,133.29 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 85,010 | | £5,521,444,346.62 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 67,568 | | £4,232,049,269.10 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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S-53
Back to Contents
Loans originated in 2003
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | | | | | | | | | 12,597 | | £1,053,542,109.67 | | 98.78 | % | 98.67 | % | 108,700 | | £9,227,540,592.24 | | 98.48 | % | 98.29 | % | 108,801 | | £8,700,882,418.00 | | 97.11 | % | 96.40 | % | 83,370 | | £6,354,172,280.20 | | 96.98% | | 96.11% | |
1 – < 2 months | | | | | | | | | 105 | | £10,192,062.89 | | 0.82 | % | 0.95 | % | 1,196 | | £115,817,389.19 | | 1.08 | % | 1.23 | % | 1,737 | | £173,884,749.58 | | 1.55 | % | 1.93 | % | 1,083 | | £101,914,896.04 | | 1.26% | | 1.54% | |
2 – < 3 months | | | | | | | | | 27 | | £2,231,878.38 | | 0.21 | % | 0.21 | % | 240 | | £22,249,037.02 | | 0.22 | % | 0.24 | % | 536 | | £53,514,449.90 | | 0.48 | % | 0.59 | % | 390 | | £34,762,255.14 | | 0.45% | | 0.53% | |
3 – < 6 months | | | | | | | | | 22 | | £1,653,973.03 | | 0.17 | % | 0.15 | % | 179 | | £15,944,468.84 | | 0.16 | % | 0.17 | % | 612 | | £60,450,194.41 | | 0.55 | % | 0.67 | % | 533 | | £54,915,033.70 | | 0.62% | | 0.83% | |
6 – < 12 months | | | | | | | | | 1 | | £153,196.12 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 59 | | £5,947,263.53 | | 0.05 | % | 0.06 | % | 303 | | £32,151,785.67 | | 0.27 | % | 0.36 | % | 437 | | £46,893,951.08 | | 0.51% | | 0.71% | |
12+ months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5 | | £843,952.10 | | 0.00 | % | 0.01 | % | 45 | | £4,830,377.80 | | 0.04 | % | 0.05 | % | 149 | | £18,568,582.08 | | 0.17% | | 0.28% | |
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Total | | | | | | | | | 12,752 | | £1,067,773,220.09 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 110,379 | | £9,388,342,702.92 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 112,034 | | £9,025,713,975.36 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 85,962 | | £6,611,226,998.24 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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Loans originated in 2004
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 47,273 | | £4,349,384,125.53 | | 98.97 | % | 98.86 | % | 144,025 | | £13,394,350,935.59 | | 98.11 | | 97.88 | % | 115,054 | | £9,985,105,548.39 | | 97.38% | | 96.78% | |
1 – < 2 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 415 | | £41,574,042.02 | | 0.87 | % | 0.94 | % | 1,613 | | £166,716,327.95 | | 1.10 | | 1.22 | % | 1,414 | | £144,016,474.42 | | 1.20% | | 1.40% | |
2 – < 3 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50 | | £5,904,471.66 | | 0.10 | % | 0.13 | % | 520 | | £53,715,820.69 | | 0.35 | | 0.39 | % | 498 | | £51,344,871.66 | | 0.42% | | 0.50% | |
3 – < 6 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 25 | | £2,323,075.30 | | 0.05 | % | 0.05 | % | 467 | | £49,782,391.43 | | 0.32 | | 0.36 | % | 675 | | £75,827,301.02 | | 0.57% | | 0.73% | |
6 – < 12 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | | £385,070.08 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 161 | | £18,535,619.02 | | 0.11 | | 0.14 | % | 418 | | £47,464,625.75 | | 0.35% | | 0.46% | |
12+ months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | £5,645.80 | | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 11 | | £1,389,217.86 | | 0.01 | | 0.01 | % | 94 | | £14,012,620.43 | | 0.08% | | 0.14% | |
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Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 47,767 | | £4,399,576,430.39 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 146,797 | | £13,684,490,312.54 | | 100.00 | | 100.00 | % | 118,153 | | £10,317,771,441.67 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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S-54
Back to Contents
Loans originated in 2005
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 41,324 | | £3,853,299,928.89 | | 98.93 | % | 98.73 | % | 117,402 | | £11,777,961,985.89 | | 98.79% | | 98.67% | |
1 – < 2 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 333 | | £36,743,353.97 | | 0.80 | % | 0.94 | % | 767 | | £84,525,416.88 | | 0.65% | | 0.71% | |
2 – < 3 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 65 | | £6,592,397.35 | | 0.16 | % | 0.17 | % | 231 | | £23,516,928.73 | | 0.19% | | 0.20% | |
3 – < 6 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 45 | | £5,764,591.80 | | 0.11 | % | 0.15 | % | 277 | | £30,603,318.38 | | 0.23% | | 0.26% | |
6 – < 12 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6 | | £549,023.66 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 139 | | £16,491,054.25 | | 0.12% | | 0.14% | |
12+ months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 27 | | £3,886,124.87 | | 0.02% | | 0.03% | |
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Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 41,773 | | £3,902,949,295.67 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 118,843 | | £11,936,984,829.00 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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Loans originated in 2006
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 73,306 | | £8,195,375,388.54 | | 99.66% | | 99.67% | |
1 – < 2 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 208 | | £22,849,034.08 | | 0.28% | | 0.28% | |
2 – < 3 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 25 | | £2,816,012.64 | | 0.03% | | 0.03% | |
3 – < 6 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 15 | | £1,413,844.40 | | 0.02% | | 0.02% | |
6 – < 12 months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | – | | – | | – | | – | |
12+ months | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | – | | – | | – | | – | |
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Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 73,554 | | £8,222,454,279.66 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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S-55
Back to Contents
All loans in the mortgages trust
as at each specified date
| 31 December 2002 | | 31 December 2003 | | 31 December 2004 | | 31 December 2005 | | 31 December 2006 | | |
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| Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | | Number | | Principal balance | | % by number | | % by balance | |
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< 1 month | 154,808 | | £8,546,845,121.26 | | 98.94 | % | 98.80 | % | 322,871 | | £17,373,787,780.46 | | 98.95 | % | 98.81 | % | 488,649 | | £31,368,892,016.92 | | 98.59 | % | 98.37 | % | 557,786 | | £39,181,203,470.58 | | 97.98 | % | 97.46 | % | 618,083 | | £47,445,892,789.31 | | 98.24% | | 97.86% | |
1 – < 2 months | 1372 | | £87,299,087.79 | | 0.88 | % | 1.01 | % | 2395 | | £152,165,189.03 | | 0.73 | % | 0.87 | % | 4,652 | | £360,290,493.80 | | 0.94 | % | 1.13 | % | 6,287 | | £558,426,731.49 | | 1.10 | % | 1.39 | % | 5,138 | | £463,210,363.13 | | 0.82% | | 0.96% | |
2 – < 3 months | 206 | | £12,118,729.53 | | 0.13 | % | 0.14 | % | 498 | | £29,716,578.74 | | 0.15 | % | 0.17 | % | 965 | | £70,122,158.39 | | 0.19 | % | 0.22 | % | 1,896 | | £169,271,228.32 | | 0.33 | % | 0.42 | % | 1,678 | | £151,249,768.79 | | 0.27% | | 0.31% | |
3 – < 6 months | 80 | | £4,358,492.51 | | 0.05 | % | 0.05 | % | 409 | | £22,536,994.60 | | 0.13 | % | 0.13 | % | 942 | | £62,444,502.74 | | 0.19 | % | 0.20 | % | 2,109 | | £185,240,926.43 | | 0.37 | % | 0.46 | % | 2,256 | | £217,181,379.81 | | 0.36% | | 0.45% | |
6 – < 12 months | 5 | | £184,769.53 | | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 116 | | £5,298,954.00 | | 0.04 | % | 0.03 | % | 368 | | £24,281,457.21 | | 0.07 | % | 0.08 | % | 1,018 | | £92,804,452.17 | | 0.18 | % | 0.23 | % | 1,521 | | £149,064,273.65 | | 0.24% | | 0.31% | |
12+ months | 0 | | £0.00 | | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 7 | | £327,452.54 | | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 58 | | £3,091,608.81 | | 0.01 | % | 0.01 | % | 214 | | £15,933,376.31 | | 0.04 | % | 0.04 | % | 511 | | £56,123,962.66 | | 0.08% | | 0.12% | |
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Total | 156,471 | | £8,650,806,200.62 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 326,296 | | £17,583,832,949.37 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 495,634 | | £31,889,122,237.87 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 569,310 | | £40,202,880,185.30 | | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 629,187 | | £48,482,722,537.35 | | 100.00% | | 100.00% | |
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S-56
Back to Contents
PERMANENT MASTER ISSUER PLC
(incorporated in England and Wales with limited liability, registered number 5922774)
Issuing entity
PERMANENT FUNDING (NO. 2) LIMITED
Depositor
HALIFAX plc
Sponsor, seller, servicer and cash manager
The issuing entity may from time to time issue class A notes, class B notes, class M notes, class C notes and class D notes in one or more series. Each series will consist of one or more classes of notes. One or more series or classes of notes may be issued at any one time.
The principal asset from which the issuing entity will make payments on the notes is a master intercompany loan to Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited (referred to in this prospectus as Funding 2), an affiliated company of the issuing entity.
The principal asset from which Funding 2 will make payments on the master intercompany loan is its interest in a master trust over a pool of residential mortgage loans held by Permanent Mortgages Trustee Limited (referred to in this prospectus as the mortgages trustee), which mortgage loans were originated by Halifax plc (referred to in this prospectus as Halifax). The residential mortgage loans are secured over properties located in England, Wales and Scotland.
Subject to the detailed description and limitations set out in this prospectus under “Credit structure”, the notes will have the benefit of certain credit enhancement or support, such as the availability of excess portions of Funding 2 available revenue receipts and of Funding 2 principal receipts, the Funding 2 general reserve fund, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if established following a seller rating downgrade) and subordination of junior classes of notes. In addition, the notes will also have the benefit of derivatives instruments which may include currency and interest rate swaps, if specified in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
The notes offered under this prospectus will be solely the obligation of the issuing entity and will not be obligations of the sponsor, Funding 2, any of their respective affiliates or any other person or entity named in this prospectus.
Please consider carefully the risk factors beginning on page 38 in this prospectus. |
Application was made on 11 October 2006 to the Financial Services Authority (the FSA) in its capacity as competent authority under Part VI of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (the UK Listing Authority) for notes issued during the period of twelve months from 11 October 2006 to be admitted to the official list maintained by the UK Listing Authority. Application was also made on 11 October 2006 to the London Stock Exchange plc (the London Stock Exchange) for the notes to be admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s Gilt Edged and Fixed Interest Market.
This prospectus may be used to offer and sell the notes only if accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
The issuing entity may offer the notes through underwriters or by other methods described in this prospectus under “Underwriting”.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved the notes or determined that this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence. |
Prospectus dated 13 February 2007
1
Back to Contents
Table of contents
Summary of prospectus | 11 | |
Overview of the transaction | 11 | |
Structural diagram of the programme | 14 | |
Diagram of ownership structure of special purpose vehicles | 15 | |
The key parties | 17 | |
Issuing entity | 17 | |
Depositor | 17 | |
Funding 1 | 17 | |
The mortgages trustee | 17 | |
The seller, the sponsor, the servicer, the Funding 2 swap provider, the cash manager and the issuing entity cash manager | 17 | |
The account bank and the issuing entity account bank | 18 | |
The issuing entity swap provider | 18 | |
The note trustee, issuing entity security trustee and Funding 2 security trustee | 18 | |
The paying agents, agent bank, registrar and transfer agent | 18 | |
The previous Funding 1 issuing entities and new issuing entities | 18 | |
Summary of the notes | 19 | |
Diagram of the priority of payments by the issuing entity and subordination relationships | 27 | |
The loans | 29 | |
Sale of the Loans | 29 | |
The mortgages trust | 30 | |
The master intercompany loan | 32 | |
Security granted by Funding 2 and the issuing entity | 35 | |
Swap agreements | 35 | |
United Kingdom tax status | 36 | |
United States tax status | 36 | |
Jersey (Channel Islands) tax status | 36 | |
ERISA considerations for investors | 36 | |
Fees | 37 | |
Risk factors | 38 | |
Use of proceeds | 71 | |
The issuing entity | 72 | |
Directors and secretary | 73 | |
Capitalisation statement | 73 | |
Halifax plc | 74 | |
Introduction | 74 | |
Mortgage business | 74 | |
Securitisation | 74 | |
Halifax General Insurance Services Ltd | 75 | |
HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Ltd | 75 | |
Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited | 75 | |
Funding 2 | 76 | |
The mortgages trustee | 78 | |
Holdings | 79 | |
PECOH | 80 | |
PECOH Holdings | 81 | |
The Funding 2 swap provider | 82 | |
Funding 1 issuing entities | 83 | |
Funding 1 | 84 | |
The note trustee, the issuing entity security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee | 85 | |
Affiliations and certain relationships and related transactions of transaction parties | 86 | |
The loans | 87 | |
2
Back to Contents
The portfolio | 87 | |
Introduction | 87 | |
Characteristics of the loans | 88 | |
Repayment terms | 88 | |
Payment methods | 88 | |
Interest payments and interest rate setting | 88 | |
Early repayment charges | 91 | |
Overpayments and underpayments | 91 | |
Payment holidays | 92 | |
Further advances | 92 | |
Flexible loans | 93 | |
Product switches | 94 | |
Origination channels | 94 | |
Right-to-buy scheme | 95 | |
Underwriting | 96 | |
Lending criteria | 96 | |
Changes to the underwriting policies and the lending criteria | 99 | |
Insurance policies | 99 | |
Insurance on the property | 99 | |
Halifax policies | 99 | |
Borrower-arranged buildings insurance | 100 | |
Mortgage protection plans | 100 | |
Properties in possession cover | 100 | |
Title insurance | 100 | |
Mortgage indemnity guarantee (MIG) policies and high LTV fees | 101 | |
Governing law | 101 | |
The servicer | 102 | |
The servicer | 102 | |
Servicing of loans | 102 | |
Recent changes | 103 | |
Arrears and default procedures | 103 | |
The servicing agreement | 106 | |
Introduction | 106 | |
Powers | 106 | |
Undertakings by the servicer | 106 | |
Compensation of the servicer | 108 | |
Removal or resignation of the servicer | 108 | |
Right of delegation by the servicer | 109 | |
Liability of the servicer | 110 | |
Servicer compliance | 110 | |
Governing law | 110 | |
Sale of the loans and their related security | 111 | |
Introduction | 111 | |
Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates | 111 | |
Legal assignment of the loans to the mortgages trustee | 114 | |
Representations and warranties | 115 | |
Repurchase of loans under a mortgage account | 117 | |
Drawings under flexible loans | 118 | |
Further advances | 118 | |
Product switches | 118 | |
Reasonable, prudent mortgage lender | 119 | |
Governing law | 119 | |
The mortgages trust | 120 | |
General legal structure | 120 | |
Fluctuation of shares in the trust property | 121 | |
Funding 2 share of trust property | 122 | |
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Funding 1 share of the trust property | 124 | | Seller share of trust property | 124 | |
Minimum seller share | 124 | |
Cash management of trust property – revenue receipts | 125 | |
Mortgages trust calculation of revenue receipts | 125 | |
Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2 | 126 | |
Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 1 | 130 | |
Mortgages trust calculation of principal receipts | 130 | |
Allocation and distribution of principal receipts prior to the occurrence of a trigger event | 130 | |
Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of a non- asset trigger event but prior to the occurrence of an asset trigger event | 131 | |
Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of an asset trigger event | 132 | |
Losses | 132 | |
Disposal of trust property | 132 | |
Additions to trust property | 133 | |
Acquisition by Funding 2 of an increased interest in trust property | 133 | |
Acquisition by seller of an interest relating to capitalised interest | 133 | |
Payment by the seller and/or Funding 1 of the amount outstanding under a loan tranche | 134 | |
Compensation of mortgages trustee | 134 | |
Termination of mortgages trust | 134 | |
Retirement of mortgages trustee | 134 | |
Governing law | 135 | |
The controlling beneficiary deed | 135 | |
Governing law | 136 | |
The master intercompany loan agreement | 137 | |
The facility | 137 | |
Ratings designations of the loan tranches | 137 | |
Issuance of loan tranches | 137 | |
Representations and agreements | 138 | |
Payments of interest | 138 | |
Repayment of principal on the loan tranches | 139 | |
Limited recourse | 140 | |
Master intercompany loan events of default | 140 | |
Other Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements | 140 | |
Funding 2’s bank accounts | 141 | |
Governing law | 141 | |
Security for Funding 2’s obligations | 142 | |
Covenants of Funding 2 | 142 | |
Funding 2 security | 142 | |
Nature of security – fixed charge | 143 | |
Nature of security – floating charge | 143 | |
Funding 2 pre-enforcement priority of payments | 144 | |
Enforcement | 144 | |
Funding 2 post-enforcement priority of payments | 144 | |
New Funding 2 issuing entities | 145 | |
Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the Funding 2 security trustee | 145 | |
Funding 2 Security trustee’s fees and expenses | 146 | |
Retirement and removal | 146 | |
Additional provisions of the Funding 2 deed of charge | 147 | |
Governing law | 148 | |
Security for the issuing entity’s obligations | 149 | |
Covenants of the issuing entity | 149 | |
Issuing entity security | 149 | |
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Nature of security – fixed charge | 150 | |
Nature of security – floating charge | 150 | | Enforcement | 151 | |
Issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments | 151 | |
New issuing entity secured creditors | 152 | |
Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the issuing entity security trustee | 152 | |
Issuing entity security trustee’s fees and expenses | 153 | |
Retirement and removal | 153 | |
Additional provisions of the issuing entity deed of charge | 154 | |
Trust Indenture Act prevails | 155 | |
Governing law | 155 | |
Cashflows | 156 | |
Definition of Funding 2 available revenue receipts | 156 | |
Distribution of Funding 2 available revenue receipts before master intercompany loan acceleration | 157 | |
Definition of issuing entity revenue receipts | 159 | |
Distribution of issuing entity revenue receipts before note acceleration | 159 | |
Distribution of issuing entity revenue receipts after note acceleration but before master intercompany loan acceleration | 162 | |
Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts | 162 | |
Payment of principal receipts to Funding 2 by the mortgages trustee | 162 | |
Definition of Funding 2 available principal receipts | 162 | |
Due and payable dates of loan tranches | 163 | |
Repayment of loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes | 164 | |
Rule (1) – Repayment deferrals | 164 | |
Rule (2) – Repayment of payable pass-through loan tranches after a step-up date | 167 | |
Repayment of loan tranches after a non-asset trigger event but before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes | 167 | |
Repayment of loan tranches after an asset trigger event but before master intercompany loan acceleration notice or acceleration of all notes | 168 | |
Repayment of loan tranches after acceleration of all notes but before master intercompany loan acceleration | 169 | |
Repayment of loan tranches when Funding 2 receives the amount outstanding under the master intercompany loan | 169 | |
Definition of issuing entity principal receipts | 170 | |
Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts before note acceleration | 170 | |
Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts after note acceleration but before master intercompany loan acceleration | 171 | |
Distribution of Funding 2 principal receipts and Funding 2 revenue receipts following master intercompany loan acceleration | 172 | |
Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts and issuing entity revenue receipts following note acceleration and master intercompany loan acceleration | 174 | |
Credit structure | 177 | |
Credit support for the notes provided by Funding 2 available revenue receipts | 177 | |
Level of arrears experienced | 178 | |
Use of Funding 2 principal receipts to pay Funding 2 income deficiency | 178 | |
Funding 2 general reserve fund | 178 | |
Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger | 179 | |
Issuing entity available funds | 180 | |
Priority of payments among the class A notes, the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes | 181 | |
Mortgages trustee GIC account/Funding 2 GIC account | 181 | |
Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund | 182 | |
Funding 2 start-up loan agreements | 183 | |
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General description | 183 | |
Interest | 183 | | Repayment | 184 | |
Event of default | 184 | |
Acceleration | 184 | |
Governing law | 184 | |
The swap agreements | 185 | |
General | 185 | |
The Funding 2 swap | 185 | |
The issuing entity currency swaps | 187 | |
Issuer interest rate swaps | 188 | |
Ratings downgrade of swap providers | 188 | |
Termination of the swaps | 189 | |
Transfer of the swaps | 190 | |
Taxation | 190 | |
Governing law | 190 | |
Cash management for the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2 | 191 | |
Cash management services provided in relation to the mortgages trust | 191 | |
Cash management services provided to Funding 2 | 191 | |
Cash management services provided to Funding 1 | 192 | |
Periodic audit | 192 | |
Compensation of cash manager | 193 | |
Resignation of cash manager | 193 | |
Termination of appointment of cash manager | 193 | |
Governing law | 193 | |
Cash management for the issuing entity | 194 | |
Cash management services to be provided to the issuing entity | 194 | |
Periodic audit | 195 | |
The issuing entity’s bank accounts | 195 | |
Compensation of issuing entity cash manager | 195 | |
Resignation of the issuing entity cash manager | 195 | |
Termination of appointment of the issuing entity cash manager | 195 | |
Governing law | 196 | |
Description of the issuing entity trust deed | 197 | |
General | 197 | |
Trust Indenture Act prevails | 198 | |
Governing law | 198 | |
The notes and the global notes | 199 | |
Payment | 200 | |
Clearance and settlement | 200 | |
DTC | 200 | |
Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear | 202 | |
Global clearance and settlement procedures | 203 | |
Initial settlement | 203 | |
Secondary trading | 203 | |
Definitive notes | 203 | |
Terms and conditions of the US notes | 205 | |
Form, denomination, register, title and transfers | 206 | |
Status, security and priority | 207 | |
Covenants | 208 | |
Interest | 209 | |
Interest on fixed rate notes | 209 | |
Interest on floating rate notes | 210 | |
Accrual of interest | 213 | |
Deferred interest | 213 | |
Redemption, purchase and cancellation | 214 | |
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Final redemption | 214 | |
Mandatory redemption of the notes in part | 214 | | Note principal payments and principal amount outstanding | 214 | |
Optional redemption in full of a series | 215 | |
Optional redemption for tax and other reasons | 215 | |
Optional redemption or purchase for implementation of EU Capital Requirements Directive | 216 | |
Redemption amounts | 217 | |
Payments | 218 | |
Prescription | 218 | |
Taxation | 219 | |
Events of default | 219 | |
Class A noteholders | 219 | |
Class B noteholders | 220 | |
Class M noteholders | 220 | |
Class C noteholders | 221 | |
Class D noteholders | 221 | |
Enforcement of notes | 222 | |
Meetings of noteholders, modifications and waiver | 223 | |
Meetings of noteholders | 223 | |
Programme resolution | 226 | |
Approval of modifications and waivers by Noteholders | 227 | |
Modifications and waivers by the note trustee | 227 | |
Indemnification of the note trustee and the issuing entity security trustee | 228 | |
Replacement of notes | 229 | |
Notice to noteholders | 229 | |
Note issues | 229 | |
Rating Agencies | 230 | |
Governing law | 230 | |
Material legal aspects of the loans | 231 | |
English Loans | 231 | |
General | 231 | |
Nature of property as security | 231 | |
Registered title | 231 | |
Unregistered title | 231 | |
Taking security over land | 231 | |
The seller as mortgagee | 232 | |
Enforcement of mortgages | 232 | |
Scottish loans | 232 | |
General | 232 | |
Nature of property as security | 233 | |
Land Register | 233 | |
Sasine Register | 233 | |
Taking security over land | 233 | |
The seller as heritable creditor | 234 | |
Enforcement of mortgages | 234 | |
Borrower’s right of redemption | 234 | |
United Kingdom taxation | 235 | |
Payment of interest of the notes | 235 | |
EU Savings Directive | 235 | |
United States federal income taxation | 237 | |
General | 237 | |
Tax status of the issuing entity, Funding 2, mortgages trustee and mortgages trust | 238 | |
Characterisation of the US notes | 238 | |
Taxation of United States holders of the US notes | 238 | |
Qualified Stated Interest and Original Issue Discount | 238 | |
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Sales and retirement | 239 | |
Taxation of Non-United States holders of the US notes | 239 | |
Alternative characterisation of the US notes | 239 | |
Backup withholding and information reporting | 240 | |
Material Jersey (Channel Islands) tax considerations | 242 | |
Tax status of the mortgages trustee and the mortgages trust | 242 | |
EU Savings Directive | 242 | |
ERISA considerations | 243 | |
Enforcement of foreign judgments in England and Wales | 246 | |
United States legal investment considerations | 247 | |
Legal matters | 248 | |
Underwriting | 249 | |
United States | 249 | |
United Kingdom | 250 | |
Norway | 250 | |
Republic of Italy | 250 | |
Sweden | 251 | |
Hong Kong | 251 | |
Japan | 251 | |
People’s Republic of China | 251 | |
Singapore | 252 | |
General | 252 | |
Reports to noteholders | 254 | |
Certain relationships | 255 | |
Incorporation of certain information by reference | 256 | |
Where investors can find more information | 257 | |
Listing and general information | 258 | |
Authorisation | 258 | |
Listing of notes | 258 | |
Clearing and settlement | 258 | |
Litigation | 258 | |
Accounts | 259 | |
Significant or material change | 259 | |
Documents available | 259 | |
Glossary | 261 | |
Index of principal terms | 293 | |
Permanent Funding (No. 1) Limited (referred to in this prospectus as Funding 1), a company of common ownership with the issuing entity and Funding 2, has an interest in the same trust property (being the pool of residential mortgage loans held by the mortgages trustee and originated by Halifax) as Funding 2. Certain issuing entities (the previous Funding 1 issuing entities) have issued notes and used the proceeds thereof to make intercompany loans to Funding 1. New issuing entities may be established from time to time to issue notes and make new intercompany loans to Funding 1. Subject to certain conditions described further in this prospectus, from time to time, new issuing entities may also be established to issue notes and make new intercompany loans to Funding 2. In addition, a new Funding beneficiary may be created in the future and new issuing entities may be established to issue notes and make intercompany loans to such new Funding beneficiary. The notes issued by these previous Funding 1 issuing entities are, and any new notes issued by such new issuing entities will ultimately be secured by the same trust property as the notes issued by the issuing entity under this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement. The allocation of trust property as between Halifax plc (referred to in this prospectus as the seller), Funding 1 and Funding 2 is described in this prospectus under “The mortgages trust”.
A note is not a deposit and neither the notes nor the underlying receivables are insured or guaranteed by any United Kingdom or United States governmental agency.
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Forward-looking statements
This prospectus includes forward-looking statements including, but not limited to, statements made under the headings “Risk factors”, “The loans”, “The servicer” and “The servicing agreement”. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as the words “believes”, “expects”, “may”, “intends”, “should” or “anticipates” or the negative or other variations of those terms. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause the actual results and performance of the notes, Halifax or the UK residential mortgage industry to differ materially from any future results or performance expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among others general economic and business condit ions in the United Kingdom, currency exchange and interest rate fluctuations, government, statutory, regulatory or administrative initiatives affecting Halifax, changes in business strategy, lending practices or customer relationships and other factors that may be referred to in this prospectus. Some of the most significant of these risks, uncertainties and other factors are discussed in this prospectus under the heading “Risk factors”, and you are encouraged to carefully consider those factors prior to making an investment decision in relation to the notes.
Defined terms and conventions
References herein to prospectus are to this base prospectus filed as part of the related registration statement and references herein to prospectus supplement are to a supplement to such base prospectus.
References in this document to issuing entity, we or us mean Permanent Master Issuer PLC and references to you mean potential investors in the notes.
References in this prospectus to the depositor or Funding 2 mean Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited.
References in this prospectus to the SEC mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
References in this prospectus to £, pounds or sterling are to the lawful currency for the time being of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. References in this prospectus to US$, $, US dollars or dollars are to the lawful currency of the United States of America. References in this prospectus to €, euro or Euro are to the single currency introduced at the third stage of European Economic and Monetary Union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Communities, as amended from time to time.
Not all series and classes of notes will be registered in the United States under the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act) and therefore will not be offered under this prospectus. However, the term notes unless otherwise stated, when used in this prospectus, includes all notes issued by the issuing entity.
Any series of the notes which are registered in the United States under the Securities Act and offered under this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement are referred to in this prospectus as US notes.
Important notice about information provided in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement
Information about each series of notes is contained in two separate documents: (a) this prospectus, which provides general information, some of which may not apply to a particular series or class of notes; and (b) the accompanying prospectus supplement for a particular series of notes, which describes the specific terms of the notes of that series, including:
| • | the timing of interest and principal payments; |
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| • | financial and other information about the assets of the issuing entity; |
| • | the ratings for your class of notes; and |
| • | other terms and conditions not contained herein that are applicable to your series and class of notes. |
This prospectus may be used to offer and sell any series and class of notes only if accompanied by the prospectus supplement for that series and class.
Although the accompanying prospectus supplement for a particular series of notes cannot contradict the information contained in this prospectus, insofar as the prospectus supplement contains specific information about the series that differs from the more general information contained in this prospectus, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement, including the information incorporated by reference. The issuing entity has not authorised anyone to provide you with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement. The information in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement is only accurate as of the dates on their respective covers.
Cross-references are included in this prospectus and each accompanying prospectus supplement to headings in these materials under which you can find further related discussions. The table of contents in this prospectus and the table of contents included in each accompanying prospectus supplement provide the pages on which these headings are located.
If you require additional information, the mailing address of Funding 2’s principal executive offices is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom and the telephone number is +(44) 20 7398 6300. For other means of acquiring additional information about the issuing entity or a series of notes, see “Incorporation of certain information by reference” in this prospectus.
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Summary of prospectus
The information in this section of the prospectus is a summary of the principal features of the notes, including the transaction documents and the loans that will generate the income for the issuing entity to make payments on the notes. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the notes. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, especially the risks of investing in the notes discussed under “Risk factors” and in the accompanying prospectus supplement under the heading “Risk factors”.
Overview of the transaction |
The following is a brief overview of the transaction and is further illustrated by the following “Structural diagram of the programme”. The numbers in the diagram refer to the numbered paragraphs below.
| (1) | On 14 June 2002 and on several subsequent dates (in connection with previous transactions by Funding 1 issuing entities) Halifax, as the seller, sold loans and their related security (which is the security for the repayment of the loan, including the relevant mortgage) to the mortgages trustee pursuant to a mortgage sale agreement. From time to time the seller may, subject to satisfaction of the conditions to sale set out in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” below, sell further loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee. The loans are residential mortgage loans originated by the seller and secured over residential properties located in England, Wales and Scotland. |
| (2) | The mortgages trustee will hold the loans and other property (the trust property) on trust for the benefit of the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 pursuant to a mortgages trust deed. The trust property includes the portfolio, which at any time consists of the loans and their related security held by the mortgages trustee together with any accrued interest on the loans and other amounts derived from the loans and their related security. Each of the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 has a joint and undivided interest in the trust property, but their entitlement to the proceeds from the trust property is in proportion to their respective shares of the trust property, as further described under “The mortgages trust” below. |
| (3) | The mortgages trustee distributes interest receipts on the loans, after payment of certain fees and expenses (including those of the mortgages trustee, the servicer, the cash manager and the account bank), to each of Funding 1 and Funding 2 based on their percentage shares in the trust property. The mortgages trustee distributes the remaining interest receipts on the loans to the seller. The mortgages trustee allocates losses on the loans to the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 in accordance with their percentage shares in the trust property. These percentage shares may fluctuate as described in “The mortgages trust” below. The mortgages trustee allocates principal receipts on the loans between the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 in amounts depending on whether Funding 1 or Funding 2, as the case may be, is required to pay amounts on a Funding 1 intercompany loan or the master intercompany loan, as the case may be, on the next Funding 1 interest payment date or Funding 2 interest payment date, as the case may be, or whether Funding 1 or Funding 2, as the case may be, is accumulating cash to repay a bullet term advance or a scheduled amortisation instalment under a scheduled amortisation term advance (made under a Funding 1 intercompany loan agreement) or a bullet loan tranche or a scheduled amortisation instalment under a scheduled amortisation loan tranche (made under the master intercompany loan agreement), as the case may be. The issuing entity will make loan tranches available to Funding 2 pursuant to the master intercompany loan agreement from the proceeds of each series of notes (see “Summary of the notes – Relationship between the notes and the master intercompany loan” below). The types of loan tranches (namely, bullet loan tranches, scheduled amortisation loan tranches and pass-through loan tranches) are described under “– The master intercompany loan” below. |
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| (4) | Funding 2 will use the proceeds of loan tranches received from time to time from the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement to: |
| | (i) | pay the seller part of the consideration for loans (together with their related security) sold by the seller to the mortgages trustee in connection with the issuance of notes by the issuing entity and the making of the relevant loan tranche to Funding 2, which will result in an increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property and a corresponding decrease in the seller share of the trust property; |
| | (ii) | acquire part of the Funding 1 share of the trust property and/or the seller share of the trust property, as the case may be (such payment to be made to Funding 1 and/or the seller, as the case may be), which will result in a corresponding decrease of the Funding 1 share of the trust property or the seller share of the trust property, as the case may be and a corresponding increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property; |
| | (iii) | fund or replenish the Funding 2 general reserve fund; and/or |
| | (iv) | make a payment to the issuing entity to refinance an existing loan tranche. |
| (5) | Funding 2 will use a portion of the amounts received from its share in the trust property to meet its obligations to pay interest and principal due to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement and to replenish the Funding 2 general reserve fund and the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any). Funding 2’s obligations to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement (among others) will be secured under the Funding 2 deed of charge to be entered into by Funding 2 with, among others, the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity by, among other things, the Funding 2 share of the trust property. |
| (6) | The issuing entity’s obligations to pay principal and interest on the notes will be funded primarily from the payments of principal and interest received by it from Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement. The issuing entity’s primary asset will be its rights under the master intercompany loan agreement and the Funding 2 deed of charge. Neither the issuing entity nor the noteholders will have any direct interest in the trust property, although the issuing entity will have a shared security interest under the Funding 2 deed of charge in the Funding 2 share of the trust property. Prior to service of a note acceleration notice, the issuing entity will only repay a class of notes (or part thereof) of any series on the relevant interest payment date if it has received principal repayments in respect of the loan tranche that was funded by the issue of such notes. The issuing entity will only receive a principal repayment in respect of such loan tranche if, among other things, following such repayment there would be sufficient credit enhancement on that date for each outstanding class of notes, either in the form of lower ranking classes of notes or other forms of credit enhancement. Following service of a note acceleration notice, the issuing entity will apply amounts received by it from Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement to repay all classes of outstanding notes of any series. |
| (7) | Subject to satisfying certain conditions precedent, including: |
| | (i) | the issuing entity obtaining written confirmation from each rating agency that the then current ratings of the outstanding Funding 1 notes and the outstanding notes will not be withdrawn, reduced or qualified because of the new issue; |
| | (ii) | the issuing entity providing written confirmation to the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee that no master intercompany event of default has occurred which has not been remedied or waived and no master intercompany event of default will occur as a result of the issue of the new notes; and |
| | (iii) | the issuing entity providing written certification to the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee: |
| | | (a) | that no principal deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger in relation to the loan tranches outstanding at that time; or |
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| | | (b) | where a principal deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger at that time, that there will be sufficient Funding 2 available revenue receipts on the forthcoming Funding 2 interest payment date, when applied in accordance with the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, to eliminate such principal deficiency, |
| | the issuing entity will issue notes in separate series and classes from time to time. Each series will consist of one or more classes of notes and may be offered under this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement setting out the terms of that series and those classes of notes. The issuing entity’s obligations under, among other things, the notes will be secured under the issuing entity deed of charge to be entered into by the issuing entity with, among others, the issuing entity security trustee and the note trustee by, among other things, the issuing entity’s rights under the master intercompany loan agreement and the Funding 2 deed of charge. |
| (8) | The accounts, the reserve funds and the swap transactions and their function in the programme structure are described later in this prospectus and in the accompanying prospectus supplement. They are included in the first diagram below so that investors can refer back to see where they fit into the structure. |
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Structural diagram of the programme |

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Diagram of ownership structure of special purpose vehicles |

This diagram illustrates the ownership structure of the principal special purpose entities in respect of the programme, as follows:
| • | Each of Funding 1, Funding 2, the issuing entity and the previous Funding 1 issuing entities is, and any new issuing entity is expected to be, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Permanent Holdings Limited (Holdings). See “Funding 1”, “Funding 2”, “The issuing entity” and “Funding 1 issuing entities” below. |
| • | The entire issued share capital of Holdings is held on trust by a corporate services provider, not affiliated with the seller, under the terms of a discretionary trust for the benefit of one or more charities. See “Holdings” below. |
| • | The entire issued share capital of the mortgages trustee is held beneficially on trust by another corporate services provider, not affiliated with the seller, under the terms of a discretionary trust for the benefit of one or more charities. See “The mortgages trustee” below. |
| • | The post-enforcement call option holder is a subsidiary of Permanent PECOH Holdings Limited (PECOH Holdings). See “PECOH” below. |
| • | The entire issued share capital of PECOH Holdings is held on trust by another corporate services provider, not affiliated with the seller, under the terms of a discretionary trust for the benefit of one or more charities. See “PECOH Holdings” below. |
| • | Halifax, who as the sponsor organises and initiates each transaction under the programme (and was the sponsor for the transactions by the previous Funding 1 issuing entities), has no ownership interest in any of the entities in the diagrams above. As a |
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| • | result, any transaction under the programme will not be directly linked to the credit of Halifax, and Halifax has no obligation to support such transaction financially, although Halifax may still have a connection with such transaction for other reasons (such as acting as servicer of the loans and as a beneficiary under the mortgages trust). See “Halifax plc” below. |
| • | The previous Funding 1 issuing entities issued notes to investors and loaned the proceeds to Funding 1 pursuant to separate intercompany loan agreements on each previous closing date. See “Funding 1 issuing entities” below. |
| • | New issuing entities may in the future, in connection with Funding 1, Funding 2 or a new Funding beneficiary, issue new notes from time to time and Funding 1, Funding 2 or the new Funding beneficiary, as the case may be, may apply the proceeds to acquire an interest in the trust property. Thus, the notes issued will be secured by the same trust property as the notes offered under this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement. See “Risk factors – Holdings may establish another company which may become an additional beneficiary under the mortgages trust” below. |
| • | In certain circumstances (including when new issuing entities are established in connection with Funding 1, Funding 2 or a new Funding beneficiary), the Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee may consent to modifications to be made to some of the transaction documents. Your consent will not be obtained in relation to those modifications. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests” below. |
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The key parties
Permanent Master Issuer PLC is a public limited company incorporated in England and Wales, referred to in this prospectus as the issuing entity. Its registered office is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom. Its telephone number is (+44) 20 7398 6300. The issuing entity is a new special purpose company created at the direction of the sponsor. The issuing entity will issue the notes and lend the gross proceeds to Funding 2. See “The issuing entity” below.
Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited is a private limited company incorporated in England and Wales, referred to in this prospectus as Funding 2. Its registered office is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom. Its telephone number is (+44) 20 7398 6300. Funding 2 will borrow money from the issuing entity pursuant to the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement and apply it, among other things, to increase the Funding 2 share of the trust property, as described under “Summary of prospectus” above. See also “Funding 2” below.
Permanent Funding (No. 1) Limited is a private limited company incorporated in England and Wales, referred to in this prospectus as Funding 1. It is a beneficiary under the mortgages trust and has a share of the trust property. See “The mortgages trust” below.
Permanent Mortgages Trustee Limited is a private limited company incorporated in Jersey, Channel Islands, referred to in this prospectus as the mortgages trustee. See “The mortgages trustee” below. The purpose of the mortgages trustee is to acquire from time to time additional trust property from the seller and to hold all of the trust property on trust for the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 and, if applicable, any new Funding beneficiary, under the terms of the mortgages trust deed. See “The mortgages trust” below.
The seller, the sponsor, the servicer, the Funding 2 swap provider, the cash manager and the issuing entity cash manager |
Halifax plc is a bank incorporated in England and Wales as a public limited company. See “Halifax plc” below.
Halifax plc originated all of the loans in the portfolio and has, as the seller, sold those loans to the mortgages trustee under the mortgage sale agreement. Halifax plc will from time to time sell additional loans to the mortgages trustee pursuant to the terms of the mortgage sale agreement. See “Sale of the loans and their related security” below.
Although Halifax plc has sold or will sell the loans to the mortgages trustee, Halifax plc will continue to have an interest in the loans as one of the beneficiaries of the mortgages trust under the mortgages trust deed. See “The mortgages trust – Seller share of trust property” below.
Halifax plc is the sponsor of the asset-backed securities programme in connection with which the issuing entity is issuing the notes.
Halifax plc, as the servicer, performs administration and servicing functions in respect of the loans on behalf of the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries of the mortgages trust, including collecting payments under the loans and taking steps to recover arrears. Halifax plc may not resign as servicer unless a successor servicer has been appointed. In addition, Halifax plc may be replaced by a successor servicer if it defaults in its obligations under the servicing agreement or an insolvency event occurs in relation to the servicer. See “The servicer” and “The servicing agreement” below.
Halifax plc will be the Funding 2 swap provider as described under “The swap agreements – The Funding 2 swap” below.
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Halifax plc has also been appointed as the cash manager for the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2 to manage their bank accounts, determine the amounts of and arrange payments of monies to be made by them and keep certain records on their behalf. See “Cash management for the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2” below.
Halifax plc will also be appointed as the issuing entity cash manager to manage the issuing entity’s bank accounts, determine the amounts of and arrange payments of monies to be made by the issuing entity and keep certain records on the issuing entity’s behalf. See “Cash management for the issuing entity” below.
Halifax plc may also from time to time, as the Funding 2 start-up loan provider, provide a start-up loan to Funding 2 (each such loan being a Funding 2 start-up loan) to be used to increase the Funding 2 general reserve fund and pay certain costs and expenses incurred by Funding 2 in connection with notes issued under the programme. See “Credit structure – Funding 2 start-up loan agreements” below. Funding 2 may (in the future) also enter into Funding 2 start-up loan agreements with parties other than Halifax.
The account bank and the issuing entity account bank |
Bank of Scotland will be appointed as the issuing entity account bank to provide banking services to the issuing entity, and has been or will be appointed as the account bank to Funding 2, Funding 1 and the mortgages trustee. See “The master intercompany loan agreement – Funding 2’s bank accounts” and “Cash management for the issuing entity – The issuing entity’s bank accounts” below.
The issuing entity swap provider |
The issuing entity swap provider(s), if any, in respect of a particular series will be disclosed in the applicable prospectus supplement. See “The swap agreements – The issuing entity swaps” below.
The note trustee, issuing entity security trustee and Funding 2 security trustee |
The Bank of New York is the note trustee, the issuing entity security trustee and Funding 2 security trustee. The note trustee will act as trustee for the noteholders under the issuing entity trust deed. The issuing entity security trustee will act as trustee for the issuing entity secured creditors under the issuing entity deed of charge. The Funding 2 security trustee will act as trustee for the Funding 2 secured creditors under the Funding 2 deed of charge.
The Bank of New York is also the Funding 1 note trustee, the Funding 1 issuing entity security trustee and the Funding 1 security trustee under the transaction documents.
The paying agents, agent bank, registrar and transfer agent |
Citibank, N.A. is the principal paying agent, the US paying agent, the agent bank, the registrar and the transfer agent. The paying agents will make payments on the notes to noteholders, the agent bank will calculate the interest rate on the notes and the registrar will maintain a register in respect of the notes.
The previous Funding 1 issuing entities and new issuing entities |
In connection with loans sold to the mortgages trustee prior to the programme date, the previous Funding 1 issuing entities issued Funding 1 notes and used the sterling equivalent of the gross issue proceeds to make intercompany loans to Funding 1 on the respective previous closing dates. Each of the previous Funding 1 issuing entities is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. In the future, new issuing entities may issue notes and loan the proceeds to Funding 1, Funding 2 and/or a new Funding beneficiary, as the case may be. It is not necessary to obtain your approval for any issuance of new notes, nor is it necessary to provide you with notice of any such issuance. However, both Funding 1 and Funding 2 and, if applicable, any new Funding beneficiary will report on its periodic distribution reports on Form 10-D and periodic reports on Form 8-K to be filed with the SEC in connection with any issue of new notes backed by the loans in the portfolio.
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Summary of the notes
Series
The issuing entity may from time to time issue class A notes, class B notes, class M notes, class C notes and class D notes in one or more series. Each series will consist of one or more classes of notes. One or more series or classes of notes may be issued at one time. Each series and class of notes will be secured over the same assets as all other notes offered under this prospectus and an accompanying prospectus supplement. The notes issued from time to time by the issuing entity will constitute direct, secured and unconditional obligations of the issuing entity.
The notes of a particular class in different series (and the notes of the same class and series) will not necessarily have all the same terms. Differences may include issue price, principal amount, interest rates and interest rate calculations, currency, permitted redemption dates and final maturity dates. Noteholders holding certain notes may have the benefit of remarketing and conditional purchase arrangements or similar arrangements. The terms of each series and class of notes will be set out in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Payment
Some series of notes will be paid ahead of others, regardless of the class designation of the notes. In particular, some payments on some series of class B notes, class M notes, class C notes and class D notes will be paid before some series of class A notes, as described in “– Payment and ranking of the notes” and “– Diagram of the priority of payments by the issuing entity and subordination relationships” below. See also “Cashflows” below.
In addition, the occurrence of an asset trigger event or non-asset trigger event (which are described below under “– Trigger events” below) will alter the payments on the notes.
Issuance
Notes may only be issued on the satisfaction of certain conditions precedent. In particular, new notes may be issued only if the following conditions (among others) are satisfied:
| • | the issuing entity obtaining a written confirmation from each of the rating agencies that the then current ratings of the outstanding Funding 1 notes and the outstanding notes will not be withdrawn, qualified or reduced because of the new issue; |
| • | the issuing entity providing written certification to the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee that no master intercompany loan event of default has occurred which has not been remedied or waived and no master intercompany loan event of default will occur as a result of the issue of the new notes; and |
| • | the issuing entity providing written certification to the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee: |
| | (i) | that no principal deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger in relation to the loan tranches outstanding at that time; or |
| | (ii) | where a principal deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger at that time, that there will be sufficient Funding 2 available revenue receipts on the forthcoming Funding 2 interest payment date, when applied in accordance with the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, to eliminate such principal deficiency. |
There are no restrictions on the issuance of any notes so long as the relevant conditions are met.
Ratings
The ratings assigned to each class of notes will be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
A credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision, suspension or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organisation if, in its
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judgment, circumstances (including, without limitation, a reduction in the credit rating of the Funding 2 swap provider and/or any issuing entity swap provider (or, where relevant, the credit support provider of the Funding 2 swap provider or any issuing entity swap provider), the mortgages trustee GIC provider and/or the Funding 2 GIC provider) in the future so warrant.
Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch together comprise the rating agencies referred to in this prospectus. Unless specified otherwise in the relevant prospectus supplement, the ratings assigned by Standard & Poor’s and Fitch to each series and class of notes will address the likelihood of full and timely payment to you of all payments of interest on each interest payment date under those notes and also the likelihood of ultimate payment of principal on the final maturity date of those notes. Unless specified otherwise in the relevant prospectus supplement, the ratings assigned by Moody’s to each series and class of notes will address the expected loss in proportion to the initial principal amount of these notes posed to investors by the final maturity date. In Moody’s opinion, the structure allows for timely payment of interest and principal at par on or before the final maturity date. The ratings will not address the actual likel y rate of prepayments on the loans. The rate of prepayments, if different than originally anticipated, could adversely affect the yield realised on your notes.
Assignment of the expected ratings to each series and class of the notes will be a condition to issue of those notes.
The term “rating agencies” also includes any further or replacement rating agency appointed by the issuing entity with the approval of the note trustee to give a credit rating to the notes of any series.
The issuing entity has agreed to pay ongoing surveillance fees to the rating agencies, in exchange for which each rating agency will monitor the ratings it has assigned to each series and class of notes while they are outstanding.
Listing
Application will be made to the UK Listing Authority for the notes issued during the period of 12 months from the date of this prospectus to be admitted to the official list maintained by the UK Listing Authority. Application will also be made to the London Stock Exchange for each series and class of the notes to be admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s Gilt Edged and Fixed Interest Market.
Denominations of the notes
The notes (in either global or definitive form) will be issued in such denominations as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, save that the minimum denomination of each note will be such as may be allowed or required from time to time by the relevant central bank or regulatory authority (or equivalent body) or any laws or regulations applicable to the relevant currency and save that the minimum denomination of each note will be €50,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency as at the date of issue of such notes).
Maturities
Notes will be issued in such maturities as may be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, subject to compliance with all applicable legal, regulatory and/or central bank requirements.
Currencies
Subject to compliance with all applicable legal, regulatory and/or central bank requirements, a series and class of notes may be denominated in such currency or currencies as may be agreed between the relevant underwriters and the issuing entity as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
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Issue price
Each series and class of notes may be issued on a fully paid basis and at an issue price which is at par or at discount from, or premium over, par.
Selling restrictions
For a description of certain restrictions on offers, sales and deliveries of notes and on the distribution of offering material in the United States of America, the United Kingdom and certain other jurisdictions see “Underwriting” below and in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
Relationship between the notes and the master intercompany loan
The master intercompany loan agreement will comprise multiple loan tranches. The gross proceeds of each issue of a series and class of notes will fund a single loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement. The repayment terms of each loan tranche (for example, dates for payment of principal and the type of amortisation or redemption) will reflect the terms of the related series and class of notes. Subject to any swap agreements as described under “The swap agreements” below and the Funding 2 priority of payments and the issuing entity priority of payments, the issuing entity will repay the series and class of notes from payments received by it from Funding 2 under the corresponding loan tranche and, in each case where the relevant class of notes is denominated in a currency other than sterling, after making the appropriate currency exchange under the corresponding issuing entity swap agreement.
The ability of Funding 2 to make payments on the master intercompany loan will depend to a large extent on Funding 2 receiving its share of collections on the trust property, which will in turn depend principally on the collections the mortgages trustee receives on the loans and the related security and the allocation of monies among the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 under the mortgages trust. For more information on the master intercompany loan, see “The master intercompany loan agreement” below.
Payment and ranking of the notes
Payments of interest and principal on the class A notes of any series due and payable on an interest payment date will rank ahead of payments of interest and principal on the class B notes of any series, the class M notes of any series, the class C notes of any series and the class D notes of any series (in each case due and payable on such interest payment date). Payments of interest and principal on the class B notes of any series due and payable on an interest payment date will rank ahead of payments of interest and principal on the class M notes of any series, the class C notes of any series and the class D notes of any series (in each case due and payable on such interest payment date). Payments of interest and principal on the class M notes of any series due and payable on an interest payment date will rank ahead of payments of interest and principal on the class C notes of any series and the class D notes of any series (in each case due and payable on such interest payment date). Payments of interest and principal on the class C notes of any series due and payable on an interest payment date will rank ahead of payments of interest and principal on the class D notes of any series (due and payable on such interest payment date). For more information on the priority of payments, see “Cashflows” below and see also “Risk factors – Subordination of other note classes may not protect noteholders from all risk of loss” below.
Payments of interest and principal on the class A notes of each series rank equally (but subject to the interest payment dates, scheduled redemption dates and permitted redemption dates of each series of class A notes). Payments of interest and principal on the class B notes of each series rank equally (but subject to the interest payment dates, scheduled redemption dates and permitted redemption dates of each series of class B notes). Payments of interest and principal on the class M notes of each series rank equally (but subject to the interest payment dates, scheduled redemption dates and permitted redemption dates of each series of class M notes). Payments of interest and principal on the class C notes of each series rank equally (but subject to the interest payment dates, scheduled redemption dates and permitted redemption dates of each series of class C notes). Payments of interest and principal on the class D notes of each series rank equally (but subject to the interest payment dates, scheduled redemption dates and permitted redemption dates
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of each series of class D notes). The interest payment dates and scheduled redemption dates for a series and class of notes will be specified in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
Investors should note that subject as further described under “Cashflows” below:
| • | Notes of different series and classes are intended to receive payment of interest and principal at different times, therefore lower ranking classes of notes of one series may be paid interest and principal before higher ranking classes of notes of a different series. |
| • | If there is debit balance on a subordinate ranking principal deficiency sub-ledger or the adjusted Funding 2 general reserve fund level is less than the Funding 2 reserve required amount or arrears in respect of loans in the mortgages trust exceeds a specified amount (each as described below under “Cashflows” below) and there is a more senior loan tranche and related series and class of notes outstanding, no amount of principal will be repayable in respect of a loan tranche and related series and class of notes until such situation is cured. The failure to repay principal in respect of such loan tranche and the related notes on the applicable redemption dates for such reason will not constitute an event of default in respect of such loan tranche or in respect of the related notes. |
| • | To the extent required, but subject to certain limits and conditions, Funding 2 may apply amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve fund and the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any) in payment of, among other things, amounts due to the issuing entity in respect of the loan tranches. |
| • | Prior to service of a note acceleration notice, a series and class of notes will be redeemed on a permitted redemption date only to the extent of the amount (if any) repaid on the related loan tranche in respect of such date. |
| • | If not redeemed earlier, each series and class of notes will be redeemed by the issuing entity on the final maturity date specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. The failure to redeem a series and class of notes on its final maturity date will constitute a note event of default in respect of such notes. |
| • | Following a trigger event or service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice or a note acceleration notice, the priority of payments will change and the issuing entity will make payments of interest and principal in accordance with and subject to the relevant priority of payments as described below under “Cashflows” below. |
Interest
Interest will accrue on each series and class of notes from its date of issuance at the applicable interest rate specified in the applicable prospectus supplement for that series and class of notes, which may be fixed or floating rate or have a combination of these characteristics. Interest on each series and class of notes will be due and payable on the interest payment dates specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Any shortfall in payments of interest due on any series of the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes or the class D notes on any interest payment date in respect of such notes will, unless then the most senior class of notes then outstanding, be deferred until the immediately succeeding interest payment date in respect of such notes. On that immediately succeeding interest payment date, the amount of interest due on the relevant class of notes will be increased to take account of any such deferred interest. If on that interest payment date there is still a shortfall, that shortfall will be deferred again. This deferral process will continue until the final maturity date of the notes, at which point all such amounts will become due and payable. However, if there is insufficient money available to the issuing entity to pay interest on the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes or the class D notes, then noteholders may not receive all int erest amounts payable on those classes of notes. Payments of interest due on any interest payment date in respect of the most senior class of notes then outstanding may not be deferred and the failure to pay interest on such notes will be a note event of default.
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Fixed rate notes
For a series and class of fixed rate notes, interest will be payable at a fixed rate on such interest payment dates and on redemption as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement and will be calculated on the basis of such day count fraction as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Floating rate notes
A series and class of floating rate notes will bear interest in each case at a rate specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. The margin, if any, relating to such series and class of notes will be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Interest on floating rate notes in respect of each interest period will be payable on such interest payment dates and will be calculated on the basis of such day count fraction as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Zero coupon notes
A series and class of zero coupon notes may be offered and sold at a discount to their nominal amount as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement (zero coupon notes).
Bullet redemption notes
A series and class of bullet redemption notes will be redeemable in full on the bullet redemption date specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Funding 2 will seek to accumulate funds relating to principal payments on each bullet loan tranche over a period of time in order to repay such funds as a lump sum payment to the issuing entity so that the issuing entity can redeem the corresponding bullet redemption notes in full on the relevant bullet redemption date. A cash accumulation period in respect of a bullet loan tranche is generally the period of time estimated to be the number of months prior to the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date necessary for Funding 2 to accumulate enough principal receipts derived from its share of the trust property to repay that bullet loan tranche to the issuing entity in full on the relevant scheduled repayment date. The cash accumulation period will be determined according to a formula described under “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” below. To the extent that there are insufficient funds to redeem a series and class of bullet redemption notes on the relevant bullet redemption date, then the issuing entity will be required to pay the shortfall, to the extent it receives funds therefor, on subsequent interest payment dates in respect of such notes. No assurance can be given that Funding 2 will accumulate sufficient funds during the cash accumulation period relating to any bullet loan tranche to enable it to repay the relevant loan tranche to the issuing entity so that the issuing entity is able to repay principal of the related series of bullet redemption notes on their bullet redemption date.
Following the earlier to occur of a pass-through trigger event and the step-up date (if any) in relation to a series and class of bullet redemption notes, such notes will be deemed to be pass-through notes and the issuing entity will repay such notes to the extent that funds are available and subject to the conditions regarding repayment on subsequent interest payment dates.
Scheduled redemption notes
A series and class of scheduled redemption notes will be redeemable on scheduled redemption dates in two or more scheduled amortisation instalments, the dates and amounts of which will be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Prior to each scheduled repayment date, Funding 2 will seek to accumulate sufficient funds so that it may repay the issuing entity each scheduled amortisation instalment on its scheduled redemption date so that the issuing entity is able to repay principal of the related series and class of scheduled redemption notes on their scheduled redemption date. A cash accumulation period in respect of a scheduled amortisation instalment is the period of time estimated to be the number of months prior to the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date necessary for Funding 2 to accumulate enough principal receipts derived from its share of the trust property to repay that scheduled amortisation instalment to the issuing entity on its schedul ed repayment date. The cash accumulation period will be determined according to a formula described under “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property –
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distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” below. To the extent there are insufficient funds on a scheduled redemption date for Funding 2 to repay the issuing entity the relevant scheduled amortisation instalment, then the issuing entity will be required to pay the shortfall in respect of the related series and class of scheduled redemption notes, to the extent it receives funds therefor, on subsequent interest payment dates in respect of such notes. No assurance can be given that Funding 2 will accumulate sufficient funds during the cash accumulation period relating to any scheduled amortisation instalment to enable it to repay the relevant scheduled amortisation instalment to the issuing entity so that the issuing entity is able to repay principal of the related series of scheduled redemption notes on their scheduled redemption date.
Following the earlier to occur of a pass-through trigger event and the step-up date (if any) in relation to a series and class of scheduled redemption notes, such notes will be deemed to be pass-through notes and the issuing entity will repay such notes to the extent that funds are available and subject to the conditions regarding repayment on subsequent interest payment dates.
Pass-through notes
A series and class of pass-through notes will be redeemable in full on the final maturity date specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. On each Funding 2 interest payment date, Funding 2 may (subject to the repayment tests) make repayments of principal in respect of pass-through loan tranches to the issuing entity so that the issuing entity may, on the applicable interest payment date, repay all or part of the pass-through notes prior to their final maturity dates.
Following the earlier to occur of a pass-through trigger event and the step-up date (if any) in relation to a series and class of notes, the issuing entity will repay such notes to the extent that funds are available and subject to the conditions for repayment on subsequent interest payment dates.
Money market notes
From time to time, the issuing entity may issue a series and class of notes designated as money market notes in the applicable prospectus supplement. Money market notes are notes which will be “Eligible Securities” within the meaning of Rule 2a-7 under the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Money market notes will generally be bullet redemption notes or scheduled redemption notes, the final maturity date of which will be less than 397 days from the closing date on which such notes were issued.
The issuing entity may also repay certain series and classes of money market notes prior to their final maturity dates, but less than 397 days following issuance, using amounts received from a third party that has agreed to purchase those notes pursuant to the terms of a money market note purchase agreement. In addition, the issuing entity may provide for remarketing arrangements whereby money market notes may be remarketed to other investors prior to the end of each of a specified number of periods of less than 397 days following issuance. If such arrangements apply to any money market notes, the applicable prospectus supplement will, in addition to providing information regarding a series and class of money market notes, identify any conditional note purchaser or remarketing agent in respect of such money market notes and the terms of the applicable money market note purchase agreement or remarketing agreement.
Certain risks relating to repayment of money market notes by means of a money market note subscriber are described under “Risk factors – The remarketing agent may not be able to remarket money market notes and payments from a conditional note purchaser may not be sufficient to repay money market notes”.
Redemption and repayment
If not redeemed earlier, each series and class of notes will be redeemed by the issuing entity on the final maturity date specified for such series and class of notes in the applicable prospectus supplement.
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For more information on the redemption of the notes, see “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” and “Cashflows” below. See also “– Payment and ranking of the notes” above.
Optional redemption or repurchase of the notes
The issuing entity may redeem all, but not a portion, of a series and class of notes at their redemption amount, together with any accrued interest in respect thereof by giving notice in accordance with the terms and conditions of the notes, subject to the notes not having been accelerated and the availability of sufficient funds, as described in detail in number 5 under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below in the following circumstances, subject to certain conditions set out in the referenced sections:
| • | if at any time it would become unlawful for the issuing entity to make, fund or to allow to remain outstanding a loan tranche made by it under the master intercompany loan agreement and the issuing entity requires Funding 2 to prepay the loan tranche (see number 5(E) under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below); or |
| • | on any interest payment date in the event of particular tax changes affecting the issuing entity, the notes or the corresponding loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement (see number 5(E) under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below); or |
| • | if the new regulatory capital framework known as the Basel II Framework has been implemented in the United Kingdom (through the implementation of the EU Capital Requirements Directive) (see number 5(F) under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below). |
In addition, the issuing entity may redeem a series and class of notes outstanding in accordance with the terms and conditions of such notes:
| • | on the step-up date relating to such series and class of notes (as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement) and on any interest payment date thereafter (see number 5(D) under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below); or |
| • | on any interest payment date on which the aggregate principal amount of such series and class of notes and all other classes of notes of the same series is less than 10 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount outstanding of such series of notes as at the relevant closing date (see number 5(D) under “Terms and conditions of the offered notes” below). |
Post-enforcement call option
The note trustee is required at the request of the post-enforcement call option holder, for a nominal consideration, to transfer or procure the transfer of all of the notes to the post-enforcement call option holder pursuant to the option granted to it by the note trustee (as agent for the noteholders) under the terms of the issuing entity post-enforcement call option agreement. The post-enforcement call option may only be exercised following enforcement and realisation of the issuing entity security to the maximum extent possible (as certified by the issuing entity security trustee) and application of the proceeds of enforcement. See “PECOH” below.
Withholding tax
Payments of interest and principal with respect to the notes will be made subject to any withholding or deduction for or on account of any taxes and neither the issuing entity nor any other person will be obliged to pay additional amounts in relation thereto. The applicability of any UK withholding tax is discussed under “United Kingdom taxation” below.
The programme date
On or about 17 October 2006 (the programme date) the issuing entity and other principal transaction parties will enter into the transaction documents in relation to the issuing entity’s note
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issuance programme (the programme) and amend and restate certain transaction documents (some of which are also transaction documents).
Credit enhancement
Subject to the detailed description and limitations set out in “Credit structure” below, the notes of each series will have the benefit of the following credit enhancement or support:
| • | availability of excess portions of Funding 2 available revenue receipts (which consist of revenue receipts on the loans paid by the mortgages trustee to Funding 2 and other amounts set out in “Cashflows – Definition of Funding 2 available revenue receipts” below) and of Funding 2 principal receipts (which are principal receipts on the loans paid by the mortgages trustee to Funding 2); |
| • | a reserve fund called the Funding 2 general reserve fund to be used in certain circumstances by Funding 2 to meet any deficit in revenue or to repay certain amounts of principal in respect of loan tranches; |
| • | a reserve fund called the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, which will be established following a seller rating downgrade to meet interest and principal shortfalls in limited circumstances on the loan tranches; and |
| • | subordination of junior classes of notes. |
Swap agreements
The notes will also have the benefit of derivatives instruments, namely the Funding 2 swap provided by Halifax, as the Funding 2 swap provider, and any issuing entity swaps in respect of the relevant series and class of notes, as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. See “The swap agreements” below.
Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger
A principal deficiency ledger has been established to record principal losses on the loans allocated to Funding 2 and the application of Funding 2 available principal receipts to meet any deficiency in Funding 2 available revenue receipts or to fund the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any).
The Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger has five sub-ledgers which will correspond to each of the AAA loan tranches, the AA loan tranches, the A loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches and the BB loan tranches, respectively. See “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below.
Trigger events
If an asset trigger event or non-asset trigger event should occur, then distributions on the notes may be altered, as described in “Cashflows” below.
An asset trigger event will occur when principal losses on the loans in the portfolio (after application of Funding 1 available principal receipts or, as the case may be, Funding 2 available principal receipts to meet deficiencies in Funding 1 available revenue receipts or in Funding 2 available revenue receipts, respectively, or to fund the Funding 1 liquidity reserve fund or the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, respectively) reach a level causing an amount to be debited to the principal deficiency sub-ledger in relation to the term AAA advances of any Funding 1 issuing entity or to the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger of Funding 2, unless such debit is made when: (a) (i) in the case of principal deficiency sub-ledger in relation to the term AAA advances of a Funding 1 issuing entity, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of each of the term AA advances, the term A advances and the term BBB advances of the Funding 1 issuing entity is equal to zero or (ii) in the case of the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger of Funding 2, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of each of the AA loan tranches, the A loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches and the BB loan tranches is equal to zero; and (b) (i) in the case of principal deficiency sub-ledger in relation to the term AAA advances of a Funding 1 issuing entity, the sum of the amount standing to the credit of Funding 1 general reserve ledger and the Funding 1 revenue ledger together with
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amounts determined and due to be credited to the Funding 1 revenue ledger prior to the immediately following Funding 1 interest payment date after such debit is made, is greater than the amount necessary to eliminate the debit balance on the principal deficiency ledger in relation to the term AAA advances of the Funding 1 issuing entity and pay amounts ranking in priority to such item under the Funding 1 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments on the immediately following Funding 1 interest payment date after such debit is made or (ii) in the case of the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger of Funding 2, the sum of the amount standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve ledger and the Funding 2 revenue ledger together with amounts determined and due to be credited to the Funding 2 revenue ledger prior to the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date after such debit is made, is greater than the amount necessary to pay the items in paragraphs (A) to (E) of the Fund ing 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments on the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date after such debit is made.
A non-asset trigger event means the occurrence of any of the following on a calculation date: (a) an insolvency event in relation to the seller on or before that calculation date; (b) the seller’s role as servicer under the servicing agreement is terminated and a new servicer is not appointed within 30 days; (c) as at the calculation date immediately preceding the relevant calculation date, the current seller share of the trust property is less than the minimum seller share and this has not been remedied by the relevant calculation date; or (d) as at the calculation date immediately preceding the relevant calculation date, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans comprising the trust property is less than the required loan balance amount specified in the most recent prospectus supplement and this has not been remedied by the relevant calculation date. See “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” below.
A trigger event means an asset trigger event and/or a non-asset trigger event.
Acceleration
All notes will become immediately due and payable and the issuing entity security will be enforced on the service on the issuing entity by the note trustee of a note acceleration notice. The note trustee becomes entitled to serve a note acceleration notice at any time after the occurrence of a note event of default in respect of a series and class of notes and it shall do so on (i) the instructions of the noteholders of the applicable class of notes across all series (holding in aggregate at least one quarter in principal amount outstanding of such class of notes) or (ii) if directed to do so by an extraordinary resolution of the holders of the relevant class of notes across all series) provided that, at such time, all notes ranking in priority to such class of notes have been repaid in full.
Operative documents relating to the notes
The issuing entity will issue each series of notes under the issuing entity trust deed. The notes will also be subject to the issuing entity paying agent and agent bank agreement. The security for the notes is provided for under the issuing entity deed of charge between the issuing entity, the issuing entity security trustee and the issuing entity’s other secured creditors. Operative legal provisions relating to the notes will be included in the issuing entity trust deed, the issuing entity paying agent and agent bank agreement, the issuing entity deed of charge, the issuing entity cash management agreement and the notes themselves, each of which will be governed by English law.
Diagram of the priority of payments by the issuing entity and subordination relationships
The following diagram illustrates in a general way the payment priorities for revenue receipts and principal receipts by the issuing entity before acceleration of the notes and also indicates the subordination relationship among the notes. This diagram does not indicate the priority of payments by Funding 2. For the sake of simplicity, this diagram omits material details relating to the priority of payments. You should refer to “Cashflows” below for a complete understanding of the priorities of payments by Funding 2 and the issuing entity in all circumstances.
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* Includes interest and certain termination amounts or principal amounts, as applicable, payable to the issuing entity swap providers for the swaps entered into by the issuing entity corresponding to the relevant series and class of notes. Amounts received by the issuing entity from such swap providers under the relevant swap will be used to make payments of interest and principal on the corresponding series and class of notes.
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The loans
The loans comprising the portfolio from time to time have been and will be originated by the seller. Each loan in the portfolio (and any drawings under flexible loans) is secured by either first legal charges over freehold or leasehold properties located in England or Wales or first ranking standard securities over heritable or long leasehold properties located in Scotland. The loans included in the portfolio consist of several different types with a variety of characteristics relating to, among other things, calculation of interest and repayment of principal and include or will include:
| • | loans which are subject to variable rates of interest set by reference to a variable base rate of interest, which the servicer determines based on general interest rates and competitive forces in the UK mortgage market from time to time; |
| • | loans which track a variable rate of interest other than a variable rate set by the seller or the servicer (currently this rate is the Bank of England repo rate); and |
| • | loans which are subject to fixed rates of interest. |
New loans sold to the mortgages trustee will be required to comply with specified criteria (see “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates”). Any new loans sold to the mortgages trustee will increase the total size of the trust property, and will increase the Funding 2 share of the trust property to the extent only that Funding 2 has paid consideration to the seller for the sale of new loans. To the extent that Funding 1 has paid consideration to the seller for the sale of new loans, the Funding 1 share of the trust property will increase by a corresponding amount. To the extent that neither Funding 2 nor Funding 1 has paid consideration to the seller for the sale of new loans, the seller share of the trust property will increase by a corresponding amount.
See “The loans – Characteristics of the loans” below for a more detailed description of the loans offered by the seller and see the accompanying prospectus supplement for statistical information on the portfolio.
No capped loans will be included in the portfolio as at the programme date, although such loans may be sold to the mortgages trustee in the future provided that the rating agencies confirm that the then current ratings of the notes will not be adversely affected.
All loans are originated in accordance with the seller’s lending criteria for mortgage loans applicable at the time of origination. The seller may from time to time change its lending criteria and any other terms applicable to new loans or their related security sold to the mortgages trust after the programme date so that all new loans originated after the date of that change will be subject to the new lending criteria. Notwithstanding any change to the lending criteria or other terms applicable to the loans, the loans and their related security may only be sold to the mortgages trustee if those new loans comply with the seller’s warranties in the mortgage sale agreement. If a loan or its related security does not comply with these warranties, then the seller will have 20 London business days in which to cure the default, failing which it will be required to repurchase the loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security from the mortgages trustee acting at the direction of Funding 1 or Funding 2 (in accordance with the controlling beneficiary deed). See “Sale of the loans and their related security – Repurchase of loans under a mortgage account” below. The seller’s current lending criteria are described further in “The loans – Underwriting – Lending criteria” below.
Sale of the loans
The seller sold an initial portfolio to the mortgages trustee on the initial closing date and since the initial closing date has sold further loans together with their related security to the mortgages trustee, in each case subject to the terms of the mortgage sale agreement. After the programme date, the seller may sell new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee in order to increase or maintain the size of the trust property. The seller may increase the size of the trust property from time to time in relation to an issue of new notes by the issuing entity or a new issuer (which may be in respect of Funding 1, Funding 2 or any new Funding beneficiary), the proceeds of which may be applied to fund the sale of the new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee, or to comply with the seller’s obligations under the mortgage sale agreement as
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described under “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” below.
When new loans are sold to the mortgages trustee, the amount of the trust property will increase. Depending on the circumstances, the increase in the trust property may result in an increase in the seller share of the trust property, the Funding 1 share of the trust property and/or the Funding 2 share of the trust property. For a description of how adjustments are made to the seller share of the trust property, the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property, see “The mortgages trust” below.
Some fees payable by the borrowers, such as early repayment fees, will be given back to the seller and not allocated in the same manner as the other receipts arising from the portfolio comprised in the trust property. For more information on the mortgage sale agreement, see “Sale of the loans and their related security” below.
The mortgages trust
As of the programme date, the mortgages trustee will hold the trust property for each of Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller will each have a joint and undivided beneficial interest in the trust property. Payments of interest and principal arising from the loans in the portfolio will be allocated to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller according to their respective share of the trust property, calculated periodically as described later in this section. As of the programme date, the beneficiaries of the mortgages trust will be Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller only.
The trust property currently consists of the loans in the portfolio and their related security and any income generated by the loans or their related security. The trust property will also include any money in the mortgages trustee GIC account. The mortgages trustee GIC account is the bank account in which the mortgages trustee holds any cash that is part of the trust property until it is distributed to the beneficiaries.
Payments by borrowers and any recoveries made in respect of the loans in the portfolio will be paid initially into an account called the collection account in the name of the servicer and swept into the mortgages trustee GIC account on a regular basis but in any event in the case of direct debits no later than the next London business day after they are deposited in the collection account.
In addition, drawings under flexible loans and any new loans and their related security that the seller sells to the mortgages trustee after the programme date will be part of the trust property, unless they are repurchased by the seller. The seller will be solely responsible for funding drawings under any flexible loans. The composition of the trust property will fluctuate as drawings under any flexible loans and new loans are added and as the loans that are already part of the trust property are repaid or mature or default or are repurchased by the seller.
The accompanying prospectus supplement will set out the approximate amounts of the Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property as at the relevant closing date.
Income from the trust property will be distributed at least monthly to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller on each distribution date. A distribution date is the date which is two London business days after each calculation date (being the first day of each month or, if not a London business day, the next succeeding London business day or any other day that Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 acquires a further interest in the trust property and/or the mortgages trustee acquires new loans from the seller). On each calculation date, the Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property are recalculated based on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans constituting the trust property on the London business day immediately before that calculation date. See “The mortgages trust – Funding 2 share of trust property” below for details of this recalculation.
Adjustments to the trust property may also occur if (among other things) borrowers take payment holidays or if borrowers do not pay premiums due on their insurance policies.
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On each distribution date, income (but not principal) from the trust property is allocated to Funding 1 and Funding 2 (after paying amounts due to the mortgages trustee, the servicer, the cash manager, the account bank and third parties) in an amount equal to:
| • | in respect of Funding 1, Funding 1’s percentage share of the remaining revenue receipts; and |
| • | in respect of Funding 2, Funding 2’s percentage share of the remaining revenue receipts. |
Income from the trust property is then allocated to the seller in an amount equal to any revenue receipts remaining after the above allocations to Funding 1 and Funding 2 and the allocation of any loss amount as described under “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – revenue receipts – Mortgages trust calculation of revenue receipts” below.
Losses on the loans are allocated to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller based on their respective percentage shares in the trust property.
Whether the mortgages trustee allocates principal received on the loans to Funding 1 and Funding 2 depends on a number of factors. In general, each of Funding 1 and Funding 2 receives payment of principal in the following circumstances:
| • | when, in relation to any term advance (in the case of Funding 1) or loan tranche (in the case of Funding 2), Funding 1 or Funding 2, as the case may be, is either accumulating principal during a cash accumulation period (in the case of Funding 2, as described below under “– The master intercompany loan” below) or is scheduled to make principal repayments on those term advances or loan tranches, as the case may be (in which case, principal receipts will be paid to Funding 1 and Funding 2 based on its cash accumulation requirements or repayment requirements in relation to those term advances or loan tranches, as the case may be); |
| • | when a non-asset trigger event has occurred (in which case, all principal receipts on the loans will be paid to Funding 1 and Funding 2 pro rata according to the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property until the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property respectively have been reduced to zero. When the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property are zero, the remaining mortgages trust available principal receipts (if any) will be allocated to the seller); and |
| • | when an asset trigger event has occurred (in which case, all principal receipts on the loans will be paid to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller pro rata according to the Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property respectively, until the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property are zero. When the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property are zero, the remaining mortgages trust available principal receipts (if any) will be allocated to the seller). |
Neither Funding 1 nor Funding 2 will be entitled to receive in aggregate an amount of mortgages trust available principal receipts on a distribution date which is in excess of, as applicable, the Funding 1 share of the trust property or the Funding 2 share of the trust property on the relevant distribution date.
For more information on the mortgages trust, cash accumulation periods and the distribution of principal receipts on the loans, including a description of when a non-asset trigger event or an asset trigger event will occur, see “The mortgages trust” below.
Under the terms of the controlling beneficiary deed, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee and the seller have agreed as to, among other things, arrangements amongst them in respect of certain decisions (relating to authorisations, consents, waivers, instructions or other acts) to be made from time to time in respect of the transaction documents.
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The master intercompany loan
The issuing entity has entered into the master intercompany loan agreement with Funding 2. As described under “– Relationship between the notes and the master intercompany loan” above, the master intercompany loan will consist of separate loan tranches, each corresponding to a particular series and class of notes. The loan tranches may comprise AAA tranches, AA tranches, A tranches, BBB tranches and BB tranches reflecting the designated credit rating assigned to each loan tranche (see “The master intercompany loan agreement – Ratings designations of the loan tranches” below). The loan tranche related to a series and class of notes will be specified for such series and class of notes in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of each loan tranche will be set forth in the related loan tranche supplement and the master intercompany loan agreement.
From time to time and subject to certain conditions, the issuing entity will lend amounts to Funding 2 as separate loan tranches using the sterling equivalent proceeds of each issuance of a series and class of notes. Funding 2 will use the funds advanced under each such loan tranche to:
| • | pay to the seller part of the consideration for the sale of loans (together with their related security) to the mortgages trustee which will result in an increase in Funding 2’s beneficial interest in the trust property; |
| • | acquire part of the Funding 1 share of the trust property and/or the seller share of the trust property, as the case may be; |
| • | fund or replenish the Funding 2 general reserve fund; and/or |
| • | make a payment to the issuing entity to refinance an existing loan tranche. |
Subject to the provisions of the relevant Funding 2 priority of payments (see “Cashflows” below), Funding 2 will repay the master intercompany loan from payments received from the mortgages trustee, as described under “– The mortgages trust” above. To the extent required, but subject to certain limits and conditions, Funding 2 may also apply amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve fund and the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any) in making payments of interest and principal due under the master intercompany loan. The issuing entity will make payments of interest on and principal in respect of the notes from payments of interest and principal made by Funding 2 to it under the master intercompany loan agreement.
A loan tranche may be a bullet loan tranche, a scheduled amortisation loan tranche or a pass-through loan tranche. A bullet loan tranche is a loan tranche that is scheduled to be repaid in full in one instalment on one Funding 2 interest payment date. A scheduled amortisation loan tranche is a loan tranche that is scheduled to be repaid in more than one instalment on more than one Funding 2 interest payment date. Such instalments and Funding 2 interest payment dates are referred to as scheduled amortisation instalments and scheduled repayment dates. A pass-through loan tranche is a loan tranche that has no scheduled repayment date other than its final repayment date. Loan tranches with pass-through repayment will be repaid on or after the Funding 2 interest payment date on which the loan tranches with the same series designation and a higher rating designation in respect of the series have been fully repaid. The designation and type of loan tranche and the repayment schedule, if any, for the loan tranches advanced in connection with a particular series and class of notes will be set out in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Funding 2 will repay the master intercompany loan primarily from payments received from Funding 2’s share of the trust property. The issuing entity will make payments of interest and principal on a series and class of the notes from payments of interest and principal on the corresponding loan tranche made by Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan. As further described in “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts – Due and payable dates of loan tranches”, under the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement, Funding 2 is required, prior to the occurrence of a trigger event or service of a note acceleration notice or a master intercompany loan acceleration notice, to:
| • | repay each loan tranche which is a bullet loan tranche on the Funding 2 interest payment date specified in the relevant prospectus supplement; |
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| • | repay each loan tranche which is a scheduled amortisation loan tranche in the scheduled amortisation instalments and on the Funding 2 interest payment dates specified in the relevant prospectus supplement, provided that to the extent there are insufficient funds to repay a scheduled amortisation instalment on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date, the shortfall will be repaid on subsequent Funding 2 interest payment dates to the extent of principal receipts available to Funding 2 for that purpose until that scheduled amortisation loan tranche is fully repaid; |
| • | repay each other loan tranche (which will be pass-through loan tranches) to the extent of principal receipts available to Funding 2 for that purpose on each Funding 2 interest payment date on or after the Funding 2 interest payment date on which the loan tranche with the same series designation and a higher rating designation has been fully repaid. |
Funding 2 will seek to accumulate funds for principal repayments on loan tranches which are bullet loan tranches or scheduled amortisation instalments over a period of time (called a cash accumulation period) in order to repay such loan tranches to the issuing entity:
| • | as a lump sum payment in the case of bullet loan tranches, on the Funding 2 interest payment dates specified in the relevant prospectus supplement; or |
| • | in instalments in the case of scheduled amortisation loan tranches, in the amounts and on the Funding 2 interest payment dates specified in the relevant prospectus supplement. |
A cash accumulation period for a loan tranche is the estimated number of months prior to the relevant scheduled repayment date necessary for Funding 2 to accumulate enough principal receipts on the loans to make the scheduled repayment on that loan tranche on that date. The formulas for determination and extension of cash accumulation periods are described under “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” and “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts”.
During a cash accumulation period for any bullet loan tranche or scheduled amortisation loan tranche, Funding 2 will continue to make principal repayments on any other loan tranches that are then due and scheduled to be paid, subject to having sufficient funds therefor after meeting its obligations with a higher priority. Such principal repayments may only be made to the extent that the repayment tests are satisfied on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date. In addition, in certain circumstances payment on the scheduled amortisation loan tranches and pass-through loan tranches will be deferred. See “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below. The transaction has been structured in the expectation that Funding 2 will receive sufficient funds under the mortgages trust on or before each scheduled repayment date of the bullet loan tranches and scheduled amortisation instalments in order to repay to the issuin g entity those loan tranches, so that the issuing entity can redeem the corresponding series and class of notes on their scheduled redemption dates. No assurance can be given that Funding 2 will accumulate sufficient funds during the cash accumulation period relating to any bullet loan tranche or any scheduled amortisation loan tranche to enable it to repay the relevant loan tranche to the issuing entity so that the corresponding notes will be redeemed in their scheduled amounts and on their scheduled redemption dates.
Whether Funding 2 will have sufficient funds to repay the loan tranches, on the dates described in the relevant prospectus supplement, will depend on a number of factors. See “Risk factors – The yield to maturity of the notes may be adversely affected by prepayments or redemptions on the loans” and “Risk factors – The issuing entity’s ability to redeem the notes is affected by the rate of prepayment on the loans”.
Prior to the occurrence of a trigger event or notice of the acceleration of the master intercompany loan or of all the notes, Funding 2 is generally required to repay principal on the loan tranches based on their respective loan tranche ratings. This means that the AAA loan tranches are repaid before the AA loan tranches, which in turn are repaid before the A loan tranches, which in turn are repaid before the BBB loan tranches and which in turn are repaid before the BB loan tranches. Prior to the occurrence of a trigger event or the acceleration of the master intercompany loan or the acceleration of all notes of each series, there are a number of exceptions to this priority of payments. For further information on such exceptions you should read the “Cashflows” below.
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In certain circumstances, principal payments on the BB loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches, the A loan tranches and the AA loan tranches will be deferred. Those circumstances are that as at the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date:
| • | there is (as a consequence of principal losses on the loans or application of Funding 2 available principal receipts to meet deficiencies in Funding 2 available revenue receipts or to fund the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund) a debit balance on a sub-ledger of the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger after application of the Funding 2 available revenue receipts on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date (see “Credit structure – Principal deficiency ledger”); or |
| • | the adjusted Funding 2 general reserve fund level is less than the Funding 2 general reserve fund threshold; or |
| • | the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, in respect of which the aggregate amount in arrears is more than three times the monthly payment then due, is more than 5 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, |
| and, as at that date, there are any AAA loan tranches outstanding or, in respect of the BB loan tranches, any BBB loan tranches are outstanding or, in respect of the BBB loan tranches, any A loan tranches are outstanding or, in respect of the A loan tranches, any AA loan tranches are outstanding (whether or not any such loan tranches are then due and payable). Any deferral of the principal amounts due on the BB loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches, the A loan tranches or the AA loan tranches will result in deferral of principal amounts due on the corresponding classes of notes. |
In certain circumstances, payment on the scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be deferred. This will occur if, on a Funding 2 interest payment date, one or more bullet loan tranches are within a cash accumulation period at that time (irrespective of whether any scheduled amortisation instalments are then in a cash accumulation period) and either:
| • | the quarterly CPR (which is a measure of the annualised principal payment rate on the loans in the portfolio) is less than 10 per cent.; or |
| | (i) | the quarterly CPR is equal to or greater than 10 per cent., but less than 15 per cent.; and |
| | (ii) | the annualised CPR is less than 10 per cent. |
In these circumstances, the scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be entitled to receive principal repayments only to the extent permitted under the scheduled amortisation repayment restrictions (see “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts – Repayment of all loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes” below).
Furthermore, if, on a Funding 2 interest payment date:
| • | one or more bullet loan tranches and/or scheduled amortisation instalments are then in a cash accumulation period; |
| • | the quarterly CPR is less than 15 per cent.; and |
| • | there is a shortfall in the amount of cash accumulated at that time, |
then, on or before their step-up dates, the original pass-through loan tranches will be entitled to principal repayments only to the extent permitted under the pass-through repayment restrictions (see “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts – Repayment of all loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes”).
See also “Risk factors – The yield to maturity of the notes may be adversely affected by prepayments or redemptions on the loans” and “Risk factors – The issuing entity’s ability to redeem the notes is affected by the rate of prepayment on the loan tranches”.
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The circumstances under which the issuing entity can take action against Funding 2 if it does not make a repayment under the master intercompany loan are limited. In particular, it will not be an event of default in respect of the master intercompany loan if Funding 2 does not repay amounts due in respect of the master intercompany loan where Funding 2 does not have the money to make the relevant repayment or where the repayment tests are not satisfied. For more information on the master intercompany loan, see “The master intercompany loan agreement” below.
If a series of loan tranches is not repaid on the relevant step-up date, then the amount of principal receipts that Funding 2 can allocate to repay the outstanding loan tranches (other than bullet loan tranches or scheduled amortisation instalments owed to the issuing entity) comprising those loan tranches on a Funding 2 interest payment date may not exceed the proportion that those loan tranches bear to the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all of the loan tranches.
If the notes of each series are or have been accelerated, then the outstanding loan tranches will be immediately due and payable, but the Funding 2 security will not be automatically enforced unless Funding 2 is also in default under the master intercompany loan agreement and Funding 2 will allocate its principal receipts to repay the loan tranches in order of rating designation, from highest to lowest.
Security granted by Funding 2 and the issuing entity
On the programme date, Funding 2 will enter into a Funding 2 deed of charge to secure its obligations to the then existing Funding 2 secured creditors and in connection with the issuance of future series of notes new secured creditors of Funding 2 may accede to the Funding 2 deed of charge.
Besides the issuing entity, Funding 2’s secured creditors on the programme date will be the Funding 2 swap provider, the Funding 2 GIC provider, the corporate services provider, the cash manager, the account bank, the Funding 2 security trustee, the Funding 2 start-up loan provider (in respect of each of the Funding 2 start-up loans) and the seller.
Pursuant to the terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge, Funding 2 will grant security over all of its assets in favour of the Funding 2 security trustee. As of the programme date, the Funding 2 security trustee will hold that security for the benefit of the secured creditors of Funding 2. Only the Funding 2 security trustee will be entitled to enforce the security granted by Funding 2. For more information on the security granted by Funding 2, see “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” below. For details of post-enforcement priority of payments, see “Cashflows” below.
To secure the issuing entity’s obligations to the noteholders and other issuing entity secured creditors, the issuing entity will grant security over all of its assets in favour of the issuing entity security trustee. The issuing entity security trustee will hold that security for the benefit of the issuing entity secured creditors, which will be the noteholders of each series, the issuing entity security trustee, the note trustee, the paying agents, the agent bank, the registrar, the transfer agent, the issuing entity cash manager, the issuing entity account bank, the issuing entity swap providers and the issuing entity corporate services provider. Only the issuing entity security trustee will be entitled to enforce the security granted by the issuing entity. For more information on the security granted by the issuing entity, see “Security for the issuing entity’s obligations” below. For details of the post-enforcement priority of paym ents, see “Cashflows” below.
Swap agreements
Some of the loans in the portfolio carry variable rates of interest based on a variable base rate, some of the loans pay interest at a fixed rate or rates of interest and some of the loans pay interest which tracks an interest rate other than one of the two variable base rates set by Halifax or the mortgages trustee (the tracker rate is currently set at a margin above or below a rate set by the Bank of England). These interest rates do not necessarily match the floating rate of interest payable on the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan. Funding 2 will enter into a swap documented under the Funding 2 swap agreement to hedge against these potential interest rate mismatches.
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Borrowers will make payments under the loans in sterling. Payments made by the mortgages trustee to Funding 2 under the mortgages trust deed and payments made by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement will be made in sterling. To enable the issuing entity (a) to make payments on the notes of a series (other than sterling-denominated notes) in their respective currencies and/or (b) to make payments on a series and class of sterling-denominated fixed rate notes, the issuing entity will enter into issuing entity swap agreements. The identity of and certain additional information about the relevant issuing entity swap provider will be described in greater detail in the applicable prospectus supplement.
United Kingdom tax status
You are referred to “United Kingdom taxation” below for a discussion of certain UK tax matters, including UK withholding tax on interest payments to noteholders.
United States tax status
A discussion of the material US federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the US notes is set out in “United States federal income taxation” below. As set forth in the accompanying prospectus supplement, it is anticipated that Allen & Overy LLP, US tax adviser to the issuing entity and Funding 2, will deliver their opinion that, although there is no authority on the treatment of instruments substantially similar to the US notes, the class A, class B and class M notes will be treated as debt for US federal income tax purposes and the class C notes should be treated as debt for US federal income tax purposes. As set forth in the accompanying prospectus supplement, it is anticipated that Allen & Overy LLP, US tax adviser to the issuing entity and Funding 2, will deliver their opinion that, assuming compliance with the transaction documents, the mortgages trustee acting in its capacity as trustee of the mor tgages trust, Funding 2 and the issuing entity will not be subject to US federal income tax.
Jersey (Channel Islands) tax status
It is the opinion of Mourant du Feu & Jeune, Jersey (Channel Islands), Jersey tax counsel to the mortgages trustee and the issuing entity, that the mortgages trustee is resident in Jersey for taxation purposes and will be liable to income tax in Jersey at a rate of 20 per cent. in respect of the profits it makes from acting as trustee of the mortgages trust. The mortgages trustee will not be liable for any income tax in Jersey in respect of any income it receives in its capacity as mortgages trustee on behalf of the beneficiaries of the mortgages trust. See “Material Jersey (Channel Islands) tax considerations” below.
ERISA considerations for investors
The US notes will be eligible for purchase by employee benefit and other plans subject to Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and by governmental plans that are subject to any state, local or other federal law of the United States that is substantially similar to Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, subject to consideration of the issues described herein under “ERISA considerations” below.
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Fees
The following table sets out the on-going fees to be paid by the issuing entity, Funding 2 and the mortgages trustee to transaction parties. Each of these fees is subject to change at any time without your notification or approval, including upon the appointment of any successor service provider or any other successor transaction party pursuant to the applicable transaction document.
Type of fee | Amount of fee | | Priority in cashflow | | Frequency |
|
| |
| |
|
Servicing fee | 0.05 per cent. each year of the aggregate amount of the trust property | | Ahead of all revenue amounts payable to Funding 2 by the mortgages trustee | | Each distribution date |
| | | | | |
Mortgages trustee fee | £1,000 each year | | Ahead of all revenue amounts payable to Funding 2 by the mortgages trustee | | Annually on the distribution date following the anniversary of the establishment of the mortgages trust |
| | | | | |
Cash management fee | 0.025 per cent. each year of the aggregate principal amount outstanding of the Funding 1 intercompany loans and the master intercompany loan, paid in accordance with separate fee letters by Funding 1, Funding 2 and the mortgages trustee. | | Ahead of all revenue amounts payable to Funding 2 by the mortgages trustee
Ahead of all interest payments payable to the issuing entity by Funding 2. | | Each distribution date.
Each Funding 2 interest payment date. |
| | | | | |
Issuing entity cash management fee | Estimated 0.025 per cent. each year of the principal amount outstanding of the notes | | Ahead of all outstanding notes | | Each quarterly interest payment date |
| | | | | |
Corporate expenses of mortgages trustee | Estimated £1,750 each year | | Ahead of all revenue amounts payable to Funding 2 by the mortgages trustee | | Each distribution date |
| | | | | |
Corporate expenses of Funding 2 | Estimated £1,200 each year | | Ahead of all loan tranches | | Each Funding 2 interest payment date |
| | | | | |
Corporate expenses of issuing entity | Estimated £5,200 each year | | Ahead of all outstanding notes | | Each quarterly interest payment date |
| | | | | |
Fee payable to Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee and note trustee (including paying agents) | £5,000 each year | | Ahead of all loan tranches | | Each Funding 2 interest payment date |
Subject to the following, the fees set out in the preceding table are, where applicable, inclusive of value added tax, which is currently assessed at 17.5 per cent. The fees will be subject to adjustment if the applicable rate of value added tax changes, although the aggregate amount of such fee and any value added tax will remain the same.
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Risk factors
This section describes the principal risk factors associated with an investment in the notes. These risk factors are material to an investment in the notes and in the issuing entity. If you are considering purchasing notes, you should carefully read and think about all the information contained in this prospectus and in the accompanying prospectus supplement, including the risk factors set out here and in the accompanying prospectus supplement, prior to making any investment decision.
You cannot rely on any person other than the issuing entity to make payments on the notes |
The notes will not represent an obligation or be the responsibility of Halifax or any of its affiliates, the underwriters, Funding 2, the mortgages trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee, the issuing entity security trustee, the note trustee or any other party to the transaction other than the issuing entity.
The issuing entity has a limited set of resources available to make payments on the notes |
The issuing entity’s ability to make payments of principal and interest on the notes and to pay its operating and administrative expenses will depend primarily on the funds being received by it under the master intercompany loan agreement. The payment of interest and principal on each series and class of notes will primarily depend on funds being received by the issuing entity under the related loan tranche (and no other loan tranche). In addition, the issuing entity will rely on the issuing entity swaps to provide payments on certain series and classes of notes.
In the event that the seller suffers certain ratings downgrades, Funding 2 will be required to fund the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, though there can be no assurance that Funding 2 will have sufficient resources to do so at such time, and Funding 2 may draw money from the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (see “Credit structure – Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund” below), to the extent it has been funded, to pay amounts due to the issuing entity.
The issuing entity will not have any other significant sources of funds available to meet its obligations under the notes and/or any other payments ranking in priority to the notes.
Funding 2 is not obliged to make payments on the loan tranches if it does not have enough money to do so, which could adversely affect payments on the notes |
Funding 2’s ability to pay amounts due on the loan tranches advanced under the master intercompany loan agreement will depend upon:
| • | Funding 2 receiving enough funds from its entitlement to the trust property on or before each Funding 2 interest payment date; |
| • | Funding 2 receiving the required funds from the Funding 2 swap provider; |
| • | the amount of funds credited to the Funding 2 general reserve fund (as described in “Credit structure – Funding 2 general reserve fund” below); and |
| • | the amount of funds credited to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any) (as described in “Credit structure – Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund” below). |
According to the terms of the mortgages trust deed, the mortgages trustee is obliged to pay to Funding 2 the Funding 2 share percentage of revenue receipts on the loans (subject to payment of prior ranking amounts) by crediting those amounts to the Funding 2 GIC account on each distribution date. The mortgages trustee is obliged to pay to Funding 2 principal receipts on the loans by crediting those amounts to the Funding 2 GIC account as and when required pursuant to the terms of the mortgages trust deed.
Funding 2 will be obliged to pay revenue receipts due to the issuing entity in respect of a loan tranche under the master intercompany loan only to the extent that it has revenue receipts available to it after making payments ranking in priority to such loan tranche, such as payments of certain fees and expenses of Funding 2 and payments of interest on loan tranches of a more senior ranking, and taking into account payments of interest on loan tranches ranking equally with such loan tranche (such as other loan tranches of the same ranking). See “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available revenue receipts before master intercompany loan deceleration” below.
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Funding 2 will be obliged to pay principal receipts due to the issuing entity in respect of a loan tranche under the master intercompany loan only to the extent it has received principal receipts available for that purpose after repaying amounts ranking in priority to such loan tranche (including repaying any loan tranches with higher rating designations) and taking into account repayments on loan tranches ranking equally with such loan tranche. See “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below.
If Funding 2 does not pay amounts to the issuing entity in respect of a loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement because it does not have sufficient funds available, those amounts will be due but not payable until funds are available to pay those amounts in accordance with the relevant Funding 2 priority of payments. Funding 2’s failure to pay those amounts to the issuing entity when due in such circumstances will not constitute a master intercompany loan event of default until the latest occurring final repayment date of any loan tranche advanced under the master intercompany loan agreement. Following enforcement of the Funding 2 security and application of the proceeds of enforcement, any remaining shortfall will be extinguished.
If there is a shortfall between the amounts payable by Funding 2 to the issuing entity in respect of a loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement and the amounts payable by the issuing entity on the related series and class of notes, you may not receive the full amount of interest and/or principal which would otherwise be due and payable on those notes.
On the final repayment date of the master intercompany loan any outstanding amounts in respect of the loan tranches will be extinguished, which would cause a loss on any notes still outstanding |
The issuance under the programme will be structured in the expectation that, on the final repayment date of the master intercompany loan specified in the most recent prospectus supplement, the interest and principal due and payable on the loan tranches will be in an amount equal to the sum available to pay all outstanding interest and/or principal (including interest and/or principal deferred and unpaid) on the loan tranches (after paying amounts of a higher priority as required by the Funding 2 priority of payments).
If there is a shortfall between the amount available to pay such interest and/or principal and the amount required to pay all outstanding interest and/or principal on the loan tranches, then the shortfall will be deemed to be not due and payable under the master intercompany loan agreement and the issuing entity will not have any claim against Funding 2 for the shortfall.
If there is such a shortfall in interest and/or principal payments under the master intercompany loan agreement, you may not receive the full amount of interest and/or principal which would otherwise be due and payable on the notes outstanding.
Enforcement of the issuing entity security is the only remedy for a default in the issuing entity’s obligations, and the proceeds of that enforcement may not be enough to make payments on the notes |
The only remedy for recovering amounts on the notes is through the enforcement of the issuing entity security. The issuing entity has no recourse to the assets of Funding 2 unless Funding 2 has also defaulted on its obligations under the master intercompany loan and the Funding 2 security has been enforced.
If the security created under the issuing entity deed of charge is enforced, the proceeds of enforcement may be insufficient to pay all principal and interest due on the notes.
There is no assurance that the subordination rules will protect the holders of class A notes, the holders of class B notes, the holders of class M notes and the holders of class C notes from all risk of loss |
The programme will be structured in the expectation that a series and class of notes will be redeemed in full, at the same time as, prior to, or following the redemption of another series and class of notes. This means, for example, that the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes of one series may be redeemed before the class A notes of another series, even though the latter notes have a higher class designation than the former notes.
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However, there is no assurance that a given series of notes will be redeemed in full before all the series of notes with a numerically higher series designation. In each case, redemption of the notes is ultimately dependent on, among other things, repayment and redemptions on the loans and on the rating designation of the related loan tranches. Further, if on any interest payment date, amounts are due and payable in respect of the class A notes of any series and amounts are due and payable in respect of the class B notes of any other series, the class M notes of any other series, the class C notes of any other series and/or the class D notes of any other series, then payments of principal will be made on the class A notes in priority to payments of principal on the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes of such other series. Similarly, if on any interest payment date, amounts are payable in respect of the class B notes of any se ries and the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes of any other series, then payments of principal will be made on the class B notes in priority to payments of principal on the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes of such other series and so on. See “Maturity and prepayment considerations” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
Subordination of other note classes may not protect noteholders from all risk of loss |
The class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and class D notes of any series are subordinated in right of payment of interest to the class A notes of any series. The class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes are subordinated in right of payment of interest to the class B notes of any series. The class C notes and the class D notes of any series are subordinated in right of payment of interest to the class M notes of any series. The class D notes of any series are subordinated in right of payment of interest to the class C notes of any series.
The class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and class D notes of any series are subordinated in right of payment of principal to the class A notes of any series. The class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes are subordinated in right of payment of principal to the class B notes of any series. The class C notes and the class D notes of any series are subordinated in right of payment of principal to the class M notes of any series. The class D notes of any series are subordinated in right of payment of principal to the class C notes of any series.
You should be aware however that not all classes of notes are scheduled to receive payments of principal on the same interest payment dates. The interest payment dates for the payment of interest and principal in respect of each series and class of notes will be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Each series and class of notes may have interest payment dates in respect of interest and/or principal that are different from other notes of the same class (but of different series) or of the same series (but of different class). Despite the principal priority of payments described above, subject to no trigger event having occurred and satisfaction of the repayment tests, lower ranking classes of notes may nevertheless be repaid principal before higher ranking classes of notes and a series and class of notes may be repaid principal before another series of notes of the same class. Payments of principal are expected to be made to each class of notes in am ounts up to the amounts set forth under “Cashflows – Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts before note acceleration”, “Cashflows – Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts after note acceleration but before master intercompany loan acceleration” and “Cashflows – Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts and issuing entity revenue receipts following note acceleration and master intercompany loan acceleration” below.
However, there is no assurance that these subordination rules will protect the class A noteholders from all risks of loss, the class B noteholders from all risks of loss, the class M noteholders from all risks of loss or the class C noteholders from all risks of loss. If the losses borne by the class D notes are in an amount equal to the aggregate outstanding principal balances of the class D notes, then losses on the loans will thereafter be borne by the class C notes. Similarly, if the losses borne by the class D notes and the class C notes are in an amount equal to the aggregate outstanding principal balances of the class D notes and the class C notes, then losses on the loans will thereafter be borne by the class M notes. Similarly, if the losses borne by the class D notes, the class C notes and the class M notes are in an amount equal to the aggregate outstanding principal balances of the class D notes, the class C notes and the class M notes, then losses on the loans will thereafter be borne by the class B notes. Finally, if the losses borne by the class D notes, the class C notes, the class M notes and the class B notes are in an
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amount equal to the aggregate outstanding principal balances of the class D notes, the class C notes, the class M notes and the class B notes, then losses on the loans will thereafter be borne by the class A notes at which point there will be an asset trigger event.
Payments of class B notes, class M notes, class C notes and class D notes may be delayed or reduced in certain circumstances |
On any interest payment date on which a payment of principal is due on any series of class B notes, class M notes, class C notes and class D notes, the issuing entity’s obligation to make such principal payments will be subject to the satisfaction of the repayment tests described under “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below, including an arrears test, a general reserve fund requirement and a principal deficiency sub-ledger test to the extent that any class A notes of any series or any other senior ranking notes of any series are outstanding on that date.
There may be conflicts between the interests of the holders of the various classes of notes, and the interests of other classes of notes may prevail over your interests |
The issuing entity trust deed and the terms of the notes will provide that the note trustee is to have regard to the interests of the holders of all classes of notes. There may be circumstances, however, where the interests of one class of the noteholders conflict with the interests of another class or classes of the noteholders. In general, the note trustee will give priority to the interests of the holders of the most senior class of notes, such that:
| • | the note trustee is to have regard only to the interests of the class A noteholders in the event of a conflict between the interests of the class A noteholders on the one hand and the class B noteholders and/or the class M noteholders and/or the class C noteholders and/or the class D noteholders on the other hand; |
| • | (if there are no class A notes outstanding) the note trustee is to have regard only to the interests of the class B noteholders in the event of a conflict between the interests of the class B noteholders on the one hand and the class M noteholders and/or the class C noteholders and/or the class D noteholders on the other hand; |
| • | (if there are no class A notes or class B notes outstanding) the note trustee is to have regard only to the interests of the class M noteholders in the event of a conflict between the interests of the class M noteholders on the one hand and the class C noteholders and/or the class D noteholders on the other hand; and |
| • | (if there are no class A notes, class B notes or class M notes outstanding) the note trustee is to have regard only to the interests of the class C noteholders in the event of a conflict between the interests of the class C noteholders on the one hand and the class D noteholders on the other hand. |
The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests |
Pursuant to the terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge and the issuing entity deed of charge, the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee may concur with any person in making or sanctioning any modifications to the transaction documents (in the case of the Funding 2 security trustee) if so directed by the issuing entity security trustee and (in the case of the issuing entity security trustee) if so directed by the note trustee and (as provided for in the issuing entity deed of charge) with the prior consent of any other relevant issuing entity secured creditors. The note trustee may give such direction, without the consent or sanction of the noteholders, provided that:
| • | the note trustee is of the opinion that such modification will not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the holders of any series or class of notes; or |
| • | in the sole opinion of the note trustee such modification is necessary to correct a manifest error or an error established as such to the satisfaction of the note trustee or is of a formal, minor or technical nature. |
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The note trustee will be entitled to assume that the exercise of its rights, powers, duties and discretions will not be materially prejudicial to your interests if each of the rating agencies has confirmed that the then current rating by it of the notes would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified by such exercise.
In addition, as further described in “Security for Funding 2’s obligations – Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the Funding 2 security trustee” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations – Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the issuing entity security trustee”, below, each of the Funding 2 security trustee and the issuing entity security trustee will give its consent to any modifications to any transaction document that are requested by Funding 2 (or the cash manager on its behalf), Funding 1 (or the cash manager on its behalf) or the issuing entity (or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf), provided that Funding 2 (or the cash manager on its behalf), Funding 1 (or the cash manager on its behalf) or the issuing entity (or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf) certifies to the Funding 2 security trustee in writing that such modifications are requ ired in order to accommodate, among other things, notes to be issued by the issuing entity and/or loan tranches to be made available by the issuing entity to Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement, new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements and/or the issue of new notes by new Funding 2 issuing entities, the addition of a new funding beneficiary as a beneficiary of the mortgages trust, the addition of other relevant secured creditors, the sale of new types of loans or mortgages to the mortgages trustee, changes to the Funding 2 reserve required amount, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount or the manner in which any Funding 2 reserve fund is funded, different interest payment dates for any new notes to be issued by the issuing entity (including modifications of the interest payment dates, the interest period and/or the basis for the calculation of interest in respect of any outstanding notes and/or the Funding 2 interest payment dates, the interest period and/or the basis for c alculation of interest in respect of any outstanding loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement) or changes to the asset trigger events and non-asset trigger events, subject to applicable conditions.
The modifications required to give effect to the matters listed above may include, among other matters, amendments to the provisions of the Funding 2 deed of charge relating to the application of monies. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the effect of the modifications to the relevant transaction documents will not ultimately adversely affect your interests.
Conflicts of interest between Funding 1 and Funding 2 |
Where Funding 1 and Funding 2, acting together (together, the Funding beneficiaries), and/or the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee, acting together (together, the Funding security trustees), are permitted to provide or exercise directions, rights, powers, benefits and/or discretions (or their equivalent), the Funding beneficiaries and/or the Funding security trustees (as applicable) will provide or exercise such directions, rights, powers, benefits and/or discretions in accordance with the controlling directions (as to which see “The mortgages trust – The controlling beneficiary deed” below). Therefore, in circumstances where there is a conflict of interest, the directions of Funding 1 or the Funding 1 security trustee may prevail over the directions of Funding 2 or the Funding 2 security trustee, which may adversely affect your interests. For example, following an event of default affecting the Funding 1 notes and in a situation in which there is a larger outstanding balance of class A notes issued by the Funding 1 issuing entities than there is issued by the issuing entity, Funding 1 and the Funding 1 security trustee could, if Halifax also so directs in accordance with the provisions of the mortgages trust deed, direct enforcement proceedings to liquidate assets of the mortgages trust without regard to the wishes of holders of notes issued by the issuing entity. It is possible that Funding 1 or the Funding 1 security trustee might decide to enforce its security at a time when you would not want assets of the mortgages trust sold, such as if all notes issued by the issuing entity were performing normally.
Holdings may establish another company which may become an additional beneficiary under the mortgages trust |
Holdings may establish a separate entity (a new Funding beneficiary) which may issue (directly or indirectly) notes from time to time and use the proceeds to acquire a direct interest in
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the trust property rather than lending the proceeds to Funding 1 and/or Funding 2. Simultaneously with the acquisition by such new Funding beneficiary of an interest in the trust property, the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2, as beneficiaries of the mortgages trust, would be required to agree to a decrease in their beneficial interest in the trust property (which would require a partial release of security by Funding 1 and Funding 2 over their respective shares of the trust property).
The seller, Funding 1, Funding 2 and the new Funding beneficiary would each have a joint and undivided interest in the trust property but their entitlement to the proceeds from the trust property would be in proportion to their respective shares of the trust property. On each distribution date, the mortgages trustee would distribute interest and principal receipts to one or more beneficiaries, depending on the terms of the mortgages trust at that time.
It is anticipated that such new Funding beneficiary would issue notes (directly or indirectly) to investors from time to time backed by its share of the trust property. You would not have a direct or indirect interest in the new Funding beneficiary’s share of the trust property.
Amendments could be made to a number of the transaction documents as a result of the inclusion of the new Funding beneficiary as a beneficiary of the mortgages trust. In particular (but without limitation), amendments would be made to:
| • | the mortgage sale agreement to enable (among other things) the purchase by the new Funding beneficiary of interests in the trust property by paying the purchase price for new loans and their related security sold by the seller from time to time and to give the new Funding beneficiary the benefit of the covenants in the mortgage sale agreement; |
| • | the mortgages trust deed (i) to establish the new Funding beneficiary as a beneficiary of the mortgages trust, (ii) to enable the acquisition by the new Funding beneficiary of an interest in the trust property from time to time and (iii) to regulate the distribution of interest and principal receipts in the trust property to the new Funding beneficiary and the other beneficiaries; |
| • | the cash management agreement to regulate the application of monies to the new Funding beneficiary; |
| • | the servicing agreement, to ensure that the new Funding beneficiary receives the benefit of the servicer’s duties under that agreement; |
| • | the master definitions and construction schedule; and |
| • | the controlling beneficiary deed. |
There may be conflicts of interest between Funding 1, Funding 2 and the new Funding beneficiary, in which case it is expected that the mortgages trustee will follow the directions given by the relevant beneficiary (excluding the seller) that has the largest share of the trust property at that time. The interests of Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 may not prevail, which may adversely affect your interests.
Your prior consent to the inclusion of a new Funding beneficiary of the mortgages trust and the subsequent amendments to the documents and/or release of security by Funding 2 will not be required. Before becoming a beneficiary of the mortgages trust, however, the new Funding beneficiary will be required to satisfy a number of conditions, including:
| • | obtaining a written confirmation from each of the rating agencies that the then current rating of the Funding 1 notes and the notes then outstanding at that time will not be adversely affected as a result of the new Funding beneficiary becoming a beneficiary of the mortgages trust; |
| • | providing written certification to the mortgages trustee that no master intercompany loan event of default under the master intercompany loan agreement has occurred which has not been remedied or waived and that no master intercompany loan event of default will occur as a result of the new beneficiary becoming a beneficiary of the mortgages trust; and |
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| • | that no principal deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger or where a principal deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger, that the Funding 2 available revenue receipts on the forthcoming Funding 2 interest payment date will be sufficient, when applied in accordance with the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, to eliminate such principal deficiency. |
There can be no assurance that the inclusion of a new Funding beneficiary of the mortgages trust would not affect cashflows available to pay amounts due on your notes and therefore adversely affect your interests.
If Funding 2 enters into new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements, such new Funding 2 intercompany loans and accompanying new Funding 2 notes may be repaid prior to the master intercompany loan and the notes |
Subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, Holdings may, in the future, establish additional wholly-owned subsidiary companies that will issue notes to investors. The proceeds of each such issue of notes may be advanced by way of a new Funding 2 intercompany loan. Funding 2 may use the proceeds of such new Funding 2 intercompany loan to, amongst other things, pay to the seller the consideration for new loans and their related security to be sold to the mortgages trustee and/or to pay to the seller and/or Funding 1 the consideration for the sale of a portion of the seller share of the trust property and/or the Funding 1 share of the trust property, which will result in an increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property and/or the deposit of some of those proceeds in the Funding 2 general reserve fund, and/or to refinance all or part of an existing Funding 2 intercompany loan outstanding at that time. If the master intercompany loan (or any part thereof) is refinanced, you could be repaid early.
The issuing entity expects that the payment of the amounts owing by Funding 2 under a new Funding 2 intercompany loan will be funded from amounts received by Funding 2 from the trust property. You should note that the obligation to make such payments may rank equally or in priority with payments made by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement. The terms of the Funding 2 notes issued by any new Funding 2 issuing entity and the related Funding 2 intercompany loan may result in such Funding 2 notes and such Funding 2 intercompany loan being repaid prior to the repayment of the notes issued by the issuing entity and prior to the repayment of the master intercompany loan.
You will not have any right of prior review or consent before Funding 2 enters into any new Funding 2 intercompany loans or the corresponding issuance of new Funding 2 notes by the relevant Funding 2 issuing entity. Similarly, the terms of the transaction documents (including, but not limited to, the mortgage sale agreement, the mortgages trust deed and the Funding 2 deed of charge), the definitions of the trigger events and the criteria for the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee may be amended to reflect such issue of new Funding 2 notes and the making of the new Funding 2 intercompany loan. Your consent to these changes will not be required. There can be no assurance that these changes will not affect the cashflow available to pay amounts due on your notes. See “– The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests” above.
Before issuing any new Funding 2 notes, however, such other Funding 2 issuing entity will be required to satisfy a number of conditions, including that the then current ratings of your notes will not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified at the time of the issuance of such new Funding 2 notes by such other Funding 2 issuing entity.
New Funding 2 issuing entities may share in the same security granted by Funding 2 to the issuing entity, and this may ultimately cause a reduction in the payments you receive on the notes |
Any new Funding 2 issuing entity may become party to the Funding 2 deed of charge and, if so, will be entitled to share in the security granted by Funding 2 for the benefit of the issuing entity (and the benefit of the other Funding 2 secured creditors) under the Funding 2 deed of charge. If the Funding 2 security is enforced and there are insufficient funds to make the payments that are
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due to all Funding 2 issuing entities, the issuing entity expects that each Funding 2 issuing entity will only be entitled to its proportionate share of those limited funds. This could ultimately cause a reduction in the payments you receive on your notes.
In addition, Funding 2 may enter into new Funding 2 start-up loans at the same time as it enters into new Funding 2 intercompany loans or that loan tranches are made available to it by the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement. Such new Funding 2 start-up loans will share in the security granted by Funding 2 for the benefit of the issuing entity.
If the master intercompany loan (or any part thereof) is refinanced your notes could be repaid early |
Funding 2 may refinance some or all of the master intercompany loan through proceeds received from the issuing entity, the proceeds received from a new Funding 2 issuing entity under new Funding 2 intercompany loans or payments received from the seller and/or Funding 1. The issuing entity or the new Funding 2 issuing entity would fund such loans through the issuance of new Funding 2 notes. For example, an existing Funding 2 intercompany loan might be re-financed in order to provide the issuing entity with funds to redeem a class of notes after their step-up date. If the proceeds of a refinanced Funding 2 intercompany loan were used by the issuing entity to exercise an optional redemption of notes prior to their expected maturity, your notes could be repaid early. This, in turn, could have an adverse effect on the yield on your notes. See “Terms and Conditions of US Notes – Redemption, purchase and cancellation” below.
The criteria for the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee may change over time without your consent |
The criteria for new loans to be sold to the mortgages trustee may be amended in the future without your consent. As a result, the mortgages trust may include types of mortgage loans in the future with different characteristics from those currently in the mortgages trust. This may occur, for example, due to the development of new mortgage loan products in response to changing market conditions. Any such amendments, as provided in the mortgage sale agreement, would require the consent of the parties to the mortgage sale agreement, including the Funding 2 security trustee.
As new loans are sold to the mortgages trustee, the characteristics of the trust property may change from those existing at the programme date, and those changes may adversely affect payments on the notes |
There is no guarantee that any new loans sold to the mortgages trustee will have the same characteristics as the loans in the portfolio as at the programme date. In particular, new loans may have different payment characteristics from the loans in the portfolio as at the programme date. The ultimate effect of this could be to delay or reduce the payments you receive on the notes. However, subject to “– The criteria for the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee may change over time without your consent” above, any new loans will be required to meet the conditions described in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” below.
The yield to maturity of the notes may be adversely affected by prepayments or redemptions on the loans |
The yield to maturity of the notes of each class will depend mostly on (a) the amount and timing of payment of principal on the loans and (b) the price paid by the noteholders of each class of notes.
The yield to maturity of the notes of each class may be adversely affected by a higher or lower than anticipated rate of prepayments on the loans. The factors affecting the rate of prepayment on the loans are described in “– The issuing entity’s ability to redeem the notes is affected by the rate of prepayment on the loans” below. See also “Characteristics of the United Kingdom residential mortgage market” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
No assurance can be given that Funding 2 will accumulate sufficient funds during the cash accumulation periods relating to bullet loan tranches or scheduled amortisation instalments to enable it to repay these bullet loan tranches or scheduled amortisation instalments to the issuing
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entity so that the corresponding series and classes of notes will be redeemed by the issuing entity in accordance with their scheduled redemption dates. During the cash accumulation period for the bullet loan tranches and scheduled amortisation instalments owed to the issuing entity, repayments of principal will only be made on the pass-through loan tranches that are due and payable if the quarterly CPR of the loans in the portfolio is greater than 15 per cent. and other conditions are met as described in “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below. The extent to which sufficient funds are saved by Funding 2 during a cash accumulation period or received by it from its share in the mortgages trust for application on a scheduled repayment date will depend on whether the actual principal prepayment rate of the loans is the same as the assumed principal prepayment rate.
If Funding 2 is not able to save enough money during a cash accumulation period or does not receive enough money from its share in the mortgages trust to pay the full amount scheduled to be repaid on a bullet loan tranche or scheduled amortisation instalment on a scheduled repayment date and the issuing entity is therefore unable to redeem the corresponding series and class of notes on their scheduled redemption dates, then Funding 2 will be required to pay to the issuing entity on those scheduled redemption dates only the amount that it has actually saved or received. Accordingly, the issuing entity will only be obliged to pay the amount of funds received from Funding 2 to holders of the corresponding series and classes of notes. Any shortfall will be deferred and paid on subsequent Funding 2 interest payment dates when Funding 2 has money available to make the payment. In these circumstances, there will be a variation in the yield to maturity of the relevant cl ass of notes.
During the cash accumulation period for a bullet loan tranche, payments of principal in respect of scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be restricted and may not be made if certain CPR tests and other repayment tests are not met as set out in “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below. Additionally, during the cash accumulation period for a bullet loan tranche and/or a scheduled amortisation instalment, payments of principal on pass-through loan tranches will be restricted and may not be made if certain CPR, cash accumulation shortfall and other repayment tests are not met as set out in the repayment tests under “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below.
The issuing entity’s ability to redeem the notes is affected by the rate of prepayment on the loans |
The rate of prepayment of loans is influenced by a wide variety of economic, social and other factors, including prevailing mortgage market interest rates, local and regional economic conditions, homeowner mobility and the availability of financing. For instance, prepayments on the loans may be due to borrowers refinancing their loans and sales of properties by borrowers (either voluntarily or as a result of enforcement action taken). In addition, if the seller is required to repurchase a loan or loans under a mortgage account and their related security because, for example, one of the loans does not comply with the representations and warranties in the mortgage sale agreement or due to a further advance or in limited circumstances a product switch, then the payment received by the mortgages trustee will have the same effect as a prepayment of all of the loans under that mortgage account. Because these factors are not within the issuing entity’s control or t he control of Funding 2 or the mortgages trustee, the issuing entity cannot give any assurances as to the level of prepayments that the portfolio may experience.
Variation in the rate of prepayments of principal on the loans may affect each series and class of notes differently depending upon amounts already repaid by Funding 2 to the issuing entity in respect of the corresponding loan tranche and whether a trigger event has occurred or the issuing entity security and/or the Funding 2 security has been enforced. If prepayments on the loans occur less frequently than anticipated, there may be insufficient funds available to the issuing entity to redeem notes of any series in full on their respective scheduled redemption dates.
The yield to maturity of each series and class of notes will depend mostly on the amount and timing of payment of principal on the loans and the price paid by the noteholders of such notes. The yield to maturity of each series and class of notes may be adversely affected by a higher or lower rate of prepayment on the loans, as described above.
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The seller may change the lending criteria relating to loans that are subsequently sold to the mortgages trustee, which could affect the characteristics of the trust property and which may adversely affect payments on the notes |
Each of the loans was originated in accordance with the seller’s lending criteria at the time of origination. The lending criteria as at the programme date are set out in the section “The loans – Underwriting – Lending criteria” below. These lending criteria consider a variety of factors such as a potential borrower’s credit history, employment history and status and repayment ability, as well as the value of the property to be mortgaged. In the event of the sale of any new loans and new related security to the mortgages trustee, the seller will warrant that those new loans and new related security were originated in accordance with the seller’s lending criteria at the time of their origination. However, the seller retains the right to revise its lending criteria as determined from time to time, and so the lending criteria applicable to any loan at the time of its origination may not be or have been the same as those set out in the section “The loans – Underwriting – Lending criteria” below.
If new loans that have been originated under revised lending criteria are sold to the mortgages trustee, the characteristics of the trust property could change. This could lead to a delay or a reduction in the payments received on the notes.
The seller has adopted procedures relating to investigations and searches for remortgages which could affect the characteristics of the trust property and which may adversely affect payments on the notes |
The seller does not require a solicitor, licensed conveyancer or (in Scotland) qualified conveyancer to conduct a full investigation of the title to a property in all cases. Where the borrower is remortgaging there will be a limited investigation to carry out some but not all of the searches and investigations which would normally be carried out by a solicitor or conveyancer conducting a full investigation of the title to a property. Properties which have undergone such a limited investigation may be subject to matters which would have been revealed by a full investigation of title and which may have been remedied or, if incapable of remedy, may have resulted in the properties not being accepted as security for a loan had such matters been revealed, though to mitigate against this risk search indemnity insurance is obtained in respect of such properties. The introduction of loans secured by such properties into the trust property could result in a change of the c haracteristics of the trust property. This could lead to a delay or a reduction in the payments received on the notes.
The timing and amount of payments on the loans could be affected by various factors which may adversely affect payments on the notes |
The loans are affected by credit, liquidity and interest rate risks. Various factors influence mortgage delinquency rates, prepayment rates, repossession frequency and the ultimate payment of interest and principal, such as changes in the national or international economic climate, regional economic or housing conditions, changes in tax laws, interest rates, inflation, the availability of financing, yields on alternative investments, political developments and government policies. Other factors in borrowers’ individual, personal or financial circumstances may affect the ability of borrowers to repay loans. Loss of earnings, illness, divorce and other similar factors may lead to an increase in delinquencies by and bankruptcies of borrowers, and could ultimately have an adverse impact on the ability of borrowers to repay loans.
If a borrower fails to repay its loan and the related property is repossessed, the likelihood of there being a net loss on disposition of the property is adversely affected by a higher debt-to-value ratio. In addition, the ability of a borrower to sell a property given as security for a loan at a price sufficient to repay the amounts outstanding under the loan will depend upon a number of factors, including the availability of buyers for that property, the value of that property and property values in general at the time. The accompanying prospectus supplement will provide information on the distribution of the LTV ratios of the loans sold to the mortgages trustee in connection with the issuance of the relevant series of notes. See “Statistical information on the portfolio – The cut-off date mortgage portfolio – Cut-off date LTV ratios” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
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The portfolio may also be subject to geographic concentration risks. To the extent that specific geographic regions within the United Kingdom have experienced or may experience in the future weaker regional economic conditions and housing markets than other regions, a concentration of the loans in such a region may be expected to exacerbate all of the risks relating to the loans described in this section. The economy of each geographic region within the United Kingdom is dependent on different mixtures of industries. Any downturn in a local economy or particular industry may adversely affect the regional employment levels and consequently the repayment ability of the borrowers in that region or the region that relies most heavily on that industry. Any natural disasters in a particular region may reduce the value of affected mortgaged properties. This may result in a loss being incurred upon sale of the mortgaged property. These circumstances could affect receipts on the loans and ultimately result in losses on the notes. For an overview of the geographical distribution of the loans sold to the mortgages trustee in connection with the issuance of the relevant series of notes, see “Statistical information on the portfolio – The cut-off date mortgage portfolio – Geographical distribution” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
The principal source of income for repayment of the notes by the issuing entity is the master intercompany loan. The principal source of income for repayment by Funding 2 of the master intercompany loan is its interest in the loans held on trust by the mortgages trustee for Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. If the timing and payment of the loans is adversely affected by any of the risks described in this section, then the payments on the notes could be reduced or delayed.
The inclusion of certain types of loans may affect the rate of repayment and prepayment of the loans |
The portfolio contains flexible loans. Flexible loans provide the borrower with a range of options that gives that borrower greater flexibility in the timing and amount of payments made under the loan. Subject to the terms and conditions of the loans (which may require in some cases notification to the seller and in other cases the consent of the seller), under a flexible loan a borrower may (among other things) redraw amounts that have been repaid using available options set out in the relevant flexible option agreement. For a detailed summary of the characteristics of the flexible loans, see “The loans – Characteristics of the loans – Flexible loans” below.
To the extent that borrowers under flexible loans exercise any of the options available to them, the timing of payments on your notes may be adversely affected.
Competition in the United Kingdom mortgage loan industry could increase the risk of an early redemption of your notes |
The mortgage loan industry in the United Kingdom is highly competitive. Both traditional and new lenders use heavy advertising, targeted marketing, aggressive pricing competition and loyalty schemes in an effort to expand their presence in or to facilitate their entry into the market and compete for customers. For example, certain of the seller’s competitors have implemented loyalty discounts for long-time customers to reduce the likelihood that these customers would refinance their mortgage loans with other lenders such as the seller.
This competitive environment may affect the rate at which the seller originates new mortgage loans and may also affect the level of attrition of the seller’s existing borrowers. If the rate at which new mortgage loans are originated declines significantly or if existing borrowers refinance their mortgage loans with lenders other than the seller then the risk of a trigger event occurring increases, which could result in an early redemption of your notes.
If property values decline payments on the notes could be adversely affected |
The security granted by Funding 2 in respect of the master intercompany loan, which is the principal source of funding for your notes, consists, among other things, of Funding 2’s interest in the mortgages trust. Since the value of the portfolio held by the mortgages trustee may increase or decrease, the value of that security may decrease and will decrease if there is a general decline in property values. The issuing entity cannot guarantee that the value of a mortgaged property will remain at the same level as on the date of origination of the related loan. If the residential property market in the United Kingdom experiences an overall decline in property values, the value of the
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security created by the mortgage could be significantly reduced and, ultimately, may result in losses to you if the security is required to be enforced.
The principal source of income for repayment of the notes by the issuing entity is the master intercompany loan. The principal source of income for repayment by Funding 2 of the master intercompany loan is its interest in the loans held on trust by the mortgages trustee for Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. If the timing and payment of the loans is adversely affected by any of the risks described in this section, then the payments on the notes could be reduced or delayed.
The occurrence of trigger events and service of a note acceleration notice may adversely affect the scheduled redemption dates of any bullet notes or scheduled amortisation notes then outstanding |
Prior to the occurrence of a trigger event or service of a note acceleration notice, payments of principal will not occur on any bullet notes or scheduled amortisation notes before their respective scheduled redemption dates.
Following the occurrence of a trigger event or service of a note acceleration notice prior to the scheduled redemption dates for any bullet notes or scheduled amortisation notes, any such bullet notes or scheduled amortisation notes outstanding will not be repaid on their scheduled redemption dates, but will be repaid on each interest payment date from monies received from Funding 2 on the corresponding loan tranches as described in the following two risk factors. There is also a risk that the bullet notes and/or the scheduled amortisation notes then outstanding will not be repaid by their final maturity date.
The occurrence of an asset trigger event and/or enforcement of the issuing entity security may accelerate the repayment of certain notes and/or delay the repayment of other notes |
If an asset trigger event has occurred, the mortgages trustee will distribute principal receipts on the loans to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller proportionally based on their percentage shares of the trust property. Funding 2 will, on each Funding 2 interest payment date following the occurrence of an asset trigger event or the enforcement of the issuing entity security and/or the Funding 2 security, apply those principal receipts received by it from the mortgages trustee, after making the requisite payments (i) to the Funding 2 general reserve fund and the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any) (other than in the case of the Funding 2 post-enforcement priority of payments) or (ii) to Funding 2’s prior ranking secured creditors, to repay:
| • | first, the AAA loan tranches until each of those AAA loan tranches is fully repaid; |
| • | then, the AA loan tranches until each of those AA loan tranches is fully repaid; |
| • | then, the A loan tranches until each of those A loan tranches is fully repaid; |
| • | then, the BBB loan tranches until each of those BBB loan tranches is fully repaid; and |
| • | then, the BB loan tranches until each of those BB loan tranches is fully repaid. |
The above priority of payments may cause certain series and classes of notes to be repaid more rapidly than expected and other series and classes of notes to be repaid more slowly than expected and there is a risk that such notes may not be repaid by their final maturity date.
The occurrence of a non-asset trigger event may accelerate the repayment of certain notes and/or delay the repayment of other notes |
If a non-asset trigger event has occurred and until the occurrence of an asset-trigger event, the mortgages trustee will distribute all principal receipts to Funding 2 and Funding 1 until the Funding 2 share percentage and the Funding 1 share percentage of the trust property are each zero and will thereafter apply all principal receipts to the seller. Funding 2 will, on each Funding 2 interest payment date following the occurrence of a non-asset trigger event, apply these principal receipts received by it from the mortgages trustee, after making the requisite payments to the Funding 2 general reserve fund and the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any), to repay:
| • | firstly, the AAA loan tranches in order of final repayment date, beginning with the earliest final repayment date; |
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| • | then, the AA loan tranches in order of final repayment date, beginning with the earliest final repayment date until each of those AA loan tranches is fully repaid; |
| • | then, the A loan tranches in order of final repayment date, beginning with the earliest final repayment date until each of those A loan tranches is fully repaid; |
| • | then, the BBB loan tranches in order of final repayment date, beginning with the earliest final repayment date until each of those BBB loan tranches is fully repaid; and |
| • | then, the BB loan tranches in order of final repayment date, beginning with the earliest final repayment date until each of those BB loan tranches is fully repaid. |
The above priority of payments may cause certain series and classes of notes to be repaid more rapidly than expected and other series and classes of notes to be repaid more slowly than expected and there is a risk that such notes may not be repaid by their final maturity date.
Loans subject to further advances will be repurchased by the seller from the mortgages trustee, which will affect the prepayment rate of the loans and this may affect the yield to maturity of the notes |
If the seller at its discretion decides to grant a borrower a further advance under a loan which has been sold to the mortgages trustee, then the seller will be required to repurchase that loan under the relevant mortgage account and its related security from the mortgages trustee (save for any loan in arrears) at a price equal to the outstanding principal balance of those loans together with any accrued and unpaid interest and expenses to the date of purchase. The yield to maturity of the notes may be affected by the repurchase of loans subject to further advances.
In limited circumstances, loans subject to product switches will be repurchased by the seller from the mortgages trustee, which will affect the prepayment rate of the loans, and this may affect the yield to maturity of the notes |
A loan will be subject to a product switch if the borrower and the seller agree on, or the servicer sends an offer of, a variation in the financial terms and conditions applicable to the relevant borrower’s loan, other than those variations set out in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Product switches” below.
Loans subject to product switches will not be repurchased unless on any distribution date, the seller is in breach of the conditions precedent to the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee set out in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” below. From and including that date to but excluding the date when those conditions precedent have been satisfied, the seller will be required to repurchase any loans and their related security that are subject to product switches (save for any loans in arrears). The seller will be required to repurchase the relevant loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security from the mortgages trustee at a price equal to the outstanding principal balance of those loans together with accrued and unpaid interest and expenses to the date of purchase.
The yield to maturity of the notes may be affected by the repurchase of loans subject to product switches.
Ratings assigned to the notes may be lowered or withdrawn after you purchase the notes, which may lower the market value of the notes |
The ratings assigned to each class of notes address the likelihood of full and timely payment to you of all payments of interest on each interest payment date under those classes of notes. The ratings also address the likelihood of “ultimate” payment of principal on the final maturity date of each class of notes. The expected ratings of a series and class of notes offered under this prospectus will be set out in the prospectus supplement applicable to that series and class of notes. Any rating agency may lower its rating or withdraw its rating if, in the sole judgment of the rating agency, the credit quality of the notes has declined or is in question. If any rating assigned to the notes is lowered or withdrawn, the market value of the notes may be reduced.
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The remarketing agent may not be able to remarket money market notes and payments from a conditional note purchaser may not be sufficient to repay money market notes |
The ability of the remarketing bank to procure payment of the transfer price on a transfer date will depend upon the remarketing bank either (a) procuring third party purchasers for any tendered notes prior to the relevant transfer date and obtaining the transfer price from those third party purchasers or (b) exercising its rights under the conditional purchase agreement to require the conditional note purchaser to acquire the unremarketed notes.
There can be no assurance that the remarketing bank will be able to identify purchasers willing to acquire the tendered notes on a transfer date. In such event the transfer of any unremarketed notes would be dependent upon the ability of the conditional purchaser to pay the transfer price and acquire unremarketed notes.
You should consider carefully the risk posed if your tendered notes cannot be remarketed on a transfer date and either (a) the conditions to the conditional note purchaser’s obligation to purchase unremarketed notes are not satisfied or (b) the conditional note purchaser defaults in its obligation to purchase unremarketed notes under the conditional purchase agreement. In those situations you may be unable to sell your notes on the relevant transfer date or at any other time.
In addition, you will have no recourse against the issuing entity, the conditional note purchaser or the remarketing bank for any default or failure to purchase by the conditional note purchaser under the conditional purchase agreement or default or failure to remarket by the remarketing bank under the remarketing agreement. Although the parties to these agreements may be able to enforce them, they have no obligation to do so.
Neither the issuing entity nor any of the underwriters, any remarketing bank or any conditional note purchaser will make any representation as to the suitability of the money market notes for investment by money market funds subject to Rule 2a-7 under the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. Any determination as to such suitability or compliance with Rule 2a-7 under the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, is solely your responsibility.
Issuance of additional notes may affect the timing and amounts of payments to you |
The issuing entity expects to issue notes from time to time. New notes may be issued without notice to existing noteholders and without their consent, and may have different terms from outstanding notes. For a description of the conditions that must be meet before the issuing entity can issue new notes, see “Summary of the notes – Issuance” above.
The issuance of new notes could adversely affect the timing and amount of payments on outstanding notes. For example, if notes of the same class as your notes issued after your notes have a higher interest rate than your notes, this could result in a reduction in the available funds used to pay interest on your notes. Also, when new notes are issued, the voting rights of your notes will be diluted.
Principal payments on the original pass-through loan tranches will be deferred in some circumstances |
Principal repayments on the AA loan tranches, the A loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches and the BB loan tranches will be deferred in the following circumstances:
If on a Funding 2 interest payment date:
| • | there is a debit balance on the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger, BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger, the A principal deficiency sub-ledger or the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger, after application of the Funding 2 available revenue receipts on that Funding 2 interest payment date; or |
| • | the adjusted Funding 2 general reserve fund level is less than the Funding 2 general reserve fund threshold; or |
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| • | the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, in respect to which the aggregate amount in arrears is more than three times the monthly payment then due, is more than 5 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, |
then to the extent that any AAA loan tranches remain outstanding (whether or not such AAA loan tranches are then due and payable) after the allocation of principal on that Funding 2 interest payment date to those loan tranches, the AA loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments until the relevant circumstance as described above has been remedied or otherwise ceases to exist. In addition, if any AA loan tranches remain outstanding (whether or not such AA loan tranches are then due and payable) after the allocation of principal on that Funding 2 interest payment date to those loan tranches, the A loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments until the relevant circumstances as described above have been remedied or otherwise cease to exist and, if any A loan tranches remain outstanding (whether or not such A loan tranches are then due and payable) after the allocation of principal on that Funding 2 interest payment date to those loan tran ches, the BBB loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments until the relevant circumstances as described above have been remedied or otherwise cease to exist and, if any BBB loan tranches remain outstanding (whether or not such BBB loan tranches are then due and payable) after the allocation of principal on that Funding 2 interest payment date. This means that payments of principal on the class D notes of all series, the class C notes of all series, the class M notes of all series and, as applicable, the class B notes of all series will be deferred until the earlier of the time when the relevant circumstance described in this risk factor has been remedied (if ever) and the final maturity date of the relevant notes.
Furthermore, if, on a Funding 2 interest payment date:
| • | one or more bullet loan tranches and/or scheduled amortisation instalments are then in a cash accumulation period; and |
| • | the quarterly CPR is less than 15 per cent.; and |
| • | there is a cash accumulation shortfall at that time, |
then, on or before their step-up dates, the loan tranches which are original pass-through loan tranches will be entitled to principal repayments only to the extent permitted under the pass-through repayment restrictions see “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts – Repayment of all loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes”.
All notes outstanding may be subject to risk if the trust property deteriorates after repayment of previous series and classes of the notes |
If the loans comprising the trust property do not perform as expected at any time after the repayment of previous series and classes of notes, then the unpaid series of notes will be adversely affected.
You may be subject to risks relating to exchange rates or interest rates on the notes |
Repayments of principal and payments of interest on a series and class of notes may be made in a currency other than sterling but the master intercompany loan made by the issuing entity to Funding 2 and repayments of principal and payments of interest by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan will be in sterling. In addition, interest due and payable by Funding 2 to the issuing entity on any loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement will be calculated by reference to LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits or, for some loan tranches, such other sterling LIBOR rate as may be specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement, each plus or minus a margin, but interest due and payable on a series and class of notes may be calculated by reference to a fixed or floating rate (as set out in the applicable prospectus supplement).
To hedge the issuing entity’s currency exchange rate exposure and/or interest rate exposure in such cases, on the relevant closing date for a series and class of notes, the issuing entity will (where applicable) enter into appropriate currency and/or interest rate swap transactions for such
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notes with an issuing entity swap provider as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. See “The swap agreements” below.
Each issuing entity swap provider is obliged to make payments under an issuing entity swap only for so long as and to the extent that the issuing entity makes its timely payments under it. If such issuing entity swap provider is not obliged to make payments of, or if it defaults in its obligations to make payments of, amounts equal to the full amount scheduled to be paid to the issuing entity on the dates for payment specified under the relevant issuing entity swap or such issuing entity swap is otherwise terminated, the issuing entity will be exposed to changes in the exchange rates between sterling and the currency in which such notes are denominated and/or in the relevant interest rates. Unless a replacement swap transaction is entered into, the issuing entity may have insufficient funds to make payments due on the applicable series and class of notes.
There may be a delay in payment of interest on money market notes on the occurrence of a trigger event or service of a note acceleration notice |
After the occurrence of a trigger event or service of a note acceleration notice, the interest payments on the money market notes will no longer be payable monthly, but will be payable quarterly. In these circumstances a noteholder will not receive interest under the monthly pay notes on the expected payment dates.
Risks associated with the Funding 2 swap |
To provide a hedge against (a) the mortgages trustee variable base rate payable on the variable rate loans, the rates of interest payable on the tracker rate loans and the fixed rates of interest payable on the fixed rate loans and (b) the rate of interest payable by Funding 2 on the loan tranches under the master intercompany loans, Funding 2 has entered into the Funding 2 swap agreement. If Funding 2 fails to make timely payments under the Funding 2 swap, it will have defaulted under the Funding 2 swap. The Funding 2 swap provider is obliged only to make payments under the Funding 2 swap if and for so long as Funding 2 makes payments under the same. If the Funding 2 swap provider is not obliged to make payments, or if it exercises any right that it may have under the Funding 2 swap to terminate the Funding 2 swap or if it defaults in its obligation to make payments under the Funding 2 swap, Funding 2 will be exposed to the variance between the rates of interest payable on the loans and the rate of interest payable by it under the master intercompany loan unless a replacement Funding 2 swap is entered into. If the Funding 2 swap terminates, Funding 2 may as a result be obliged to make a termination payment to the Funding 2 swap provider. Any variance between the rates of interest payable on the loans and the rate of interest payable by Funding 2 in respect of the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan and any termination payment payable by it to the Funding 2 swap provider may adversely affect the ability of Funding 2 to meet its obligations under the master intercompany loan agreement (see also “– Funding 2 is not obliged to make payments on the loan tranches if it does not have enough money to do so, which could adversely affect payments on the notes” above).
Funding 2 will receive interest receipts on the loans on one basis but will pay amounts under the Funding 2 swap on another basis, thereby exposing it to some basis risk. On the one hand, Funding 2 will receive interest on the variable rate loans based on HVR 1 (which is the variable mortgage rate set by the seller applicable to certain loans beneficially owned by the seller on the seller’s residential mortgage book) or HVR 2 (which is the second variable base rate that was made available to borrowers between 1 March 2001 and 31 January 2002) or the Halifax flexible variable rate (which is the variable rate applicable to flexible loans). On the other hand, the payment obligations of Funding 2 under the Funding 2 swap will, among other things, be based on the average of the standard variable mortgage rates or their equivalent charged to existing borrowers on residential mortgage loans as published from time to time, after excluding the highest and the lowest rate, of Abbey National plc, HSBC Bank plc, Cheltenham & Gloucester plc, Nationwide Building Society, Northern Rock plc, National Westminster Bank Plc and Woolwich plc (and, where those banks have more than one standard variable rate, the highest of those rates). While it is anticipated that this average rate will broadly track HVR 1, HVR 2 and the Halifax flexible variable rate, the variance between this average rate and HVR 1, HVR 2 and the Halifax
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flexible variable rate may affect the ability of Funding 2 to meet its payment obligations under the Funding 2 swap agreement.
Termination payments on the issuing entity swaps may adversely affect the funds available to make payments on the notes |
If any of the issuing entity swaps terminates, the issuing entity may as a result be obliged to make a termination payment to the relevant issuing entity swap provider. The amount of the termination payment will be based on the cost of entering into a replacement issuing entity swap. Under the master intercompany loan agreement, Funding 2 will be required to pay the issuing entity an amount equal to any termination payment due by the issuing entity to the relevant issuing entity swap provider. Funding 2 will also be obliged to pay the issuing entity any extra amounts which the issuing entity may be required to pay to enter into a replacement swap.
The issuing entity cannot give any assurance that Funding 2 will have the funds available to make that payment or that the issuing entity will have sufficient funds available to make any termination payment under any of the issuing entity swaps or to make subsequent payments to you in respect of the relevant series and class of notes. Nor can the issuing entity give any assurance that the issuing entity will be able to enter into a replacement issuing entity swap or, if one is entered into, that the credit rating of the replacement issuing entity swap provider will be sufficiently high to prevent a downgrading of the then current ratings of the notes by the rating agencies.
Except where the relevant issuing entity swap provider has caused the relevant issuing entity swap to terminate by its own default or failure to comply with applicable ratings downgrade provisions, any termination payment due by the issuing entity will rank equally not only with payments due to the holders of the series and class of notes to which the relevant issuing entity swap relates but also with payments due to the holders of any other series and class of notes which rank equally with the series and class of notes to which the relevant issuing entity swap relates. Any additional amounts required to be paid by the issuing entity following termination of the relevant issuing entity swap (including any extra costs incurred (for example, from entering into “spot” currency transactions or interest rate swaps) if the issuing entity cannot immediately enter into a replacement issuing entity swap) will also rank equally not only with payments due to the h olders of the series and class of notes to which the relevant issuing entity swap relates but also with payments due to the holder of any other series and class of notes which rank equally with the series and class of notes to which the relevant issuing entity swap relates. Furthermore, any termination payment or additional payment or additional amounts required to be paid by the issuing entity following termination of an issuing entity swap will rank ahead of payments due to the holders of any series and class of notes which ranks below the series and class of notes to which the relevant issuing entity swap relates. Therefore, if the issuing entity is obliged to make a termination payment to the relevant issuing entity swap provider or to pay any other additional amount as a result of the termination of the relevant issuing entity swap, this may affect the funds which the issuing entity has available to make payments on the notes of any class and any series. See “The swap agreements – Terminati on of the swaps” below.
The issuing entity relies on third parties to perform services in relation to the notes, and you may be adversely affected if they fail to perform their obligations |
The issuing entity is a party to contracts with a number of third parties that have agreed to perform services in relation to the notes. For example, the issuing entity swap providers have agreed or will agree to provide their respective issuing entity swaps, the issuing entity corporate services provider has agreed to provide corporate services and the paying agents and the agent bank have agreed to provide payment and calculation services in connection with the notes. In the event that any of these parties were to fail to perform their obligations under the respective agreements to which they are a party, you may be adversely affected.
The mortgages trustee GIC provider or the Funding 2 GIC provider may cease to satisfy certain criteria to provide the mortgages trustee GIC account or the Funding 2 GIC account |
The mortgages trustee GIC provider and the Funding 2 GIC provider are required to satisfy certain criteria (including certain criteria and/or permissions set or required by the FSA from time to
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time) in order to continue to receive deposits in the mortgages trustee GIC account and the Funding 2 GIC account respectively. If either the mortgages trustee GIC provider or the Funding 2 GIC provider ceases to satisfy those criteria then the relevant account may be transferred to another entity which does satisfy those criteria. In these circumstances the new GIC provider may not offer a GIC on terms as favourable as those provided by the mortgages trustee GIC provider or the Funding 2 GIC provider.
The criteria referred to above include a requirement that the short-term, unguaranteed and unsecured debt ratings of the mortgages trustee GIC provider or the Funding 2 GIC provider, as the case may be, are at least A-1+ by Standard & Poor’s, F1+ by Fitch and P-1 by Moody’s, unless each rating agency confirms that its then current rating of the notes would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified as a result of such ratings falling below these minimum ratings.
Excess revenue receipts available to Funding 2 may not be sufficient to replenish principal that has been used to pay interest due on loan tranches, which may result in your notes not being repaid in full |
If, on any distribution date, revenue receipts available to Funding 2 (including the Funding 2 reserve funds) are insufficient to enable it to pay interest on the loan tranches to the issuing entity and its other expenses ranking in priority to interest due on loan tranches, then Funding 2 may use principal receipts received from the mortgages trustee to make up that revenue shortfall.
Funding 2 will use principal receipts that would have been applied to repay the loan tranches with the lowest rating designation to pay interest on those other loan tranches and senior expenses described in the preceding paragraph where there is a shortfall of monies to pay those amounts. If Funding 2 uses principal to repay interest and senior expenses in this manner, there will be less principal available to repay the BB loan tranches, then the BBB loan tranches, then the A loan tranches, then the AA loan tranches and finally the AAA loan tranches at which point an asset trigger event will occur. In such event, there will be a corresponding reduction in principal available to repay the class D notes, then the class C notes, then the class M notes, then the class B notes and finally the class A notes, at which point a note event of default will occur.
Funding 2 will be obliged to keep a ledger that records any principal applied to pay interest and senior expenses (as well as any losses on the loans causing a principal deficiency). When the amount recorded on the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger is equal to the principal amount outstanding of the BB loan tranches, then Funding 2 will use principal receipts that would have been applied to repay the BBB loan tranches to pay interest on the loan tranches and senior expenses where there is a shortfall of money to pay those amounts. When the amount recorded on the BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger exceeds the principal amount outstanding on the BBB loan tranches, Funding 2 will use principal receipts that would have been applied to repay the A loan tranches to pay those amounts. When the amount recorded on the A principal deficiency sub-ledger exceeds the principal amount outstanding on the A loan tranches, Funding 2 will use principal receipts that would have b een applied to repay the AA loan tranches to pay those amounts. When the amount recorded on the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger exceeds the principal amount outstanding on the AA loan tranches, Funding 2 will use principal receipts that would have been applied to repay the AAA loan tranches to pay those amounts.
During the term of the programme, however, it is expected that these principal deficiencies will be recouped from subsequent excess Funding 2 available revenue receipts and amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 reserve funds.
The revenue receipts will be applied first to cover any principal deficiency in respect of the loan tranches with the highest rating designation, and then the loan tranches with the next highest rating designation and so on down to the loan tranches with the lowest rating designation.
If there are insufficient funds available because of revenue or principal deficiencies, then one or more of the following consequences may occur:
| • | the interest and other net income of the issuing entity may not be sufficient, after making the payments to be made in priority, to pay, in full or at all, interest due on the BB loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches, the A loan tranches and the AA loan tranches; |
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| • | there may be insufficient funds to repay the principal due and payable on any of the BB loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches, the A loan tranches and the AA loan tranches prior to their final repayment dates unless the other net income of Funding 2 is sufficient, after making other prior ranking payments, to reduce any principal deficiency in respect of the BB loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches, the A loan tranches and the AA loan tranches; |
| • | if the amount of principal deficiencies exceeds the principal amount outstanding of any of the loan tranches (and the principal deficiencies cannot be covered by the other income of Funding 2), then the issuing entity may not receive the full principal amount of any or all of the loan tranches and, accordingly, you may not receive the full principal amount of the class D notes, the class C notes, the class M notes, the class B notes and the class A notes, as the case may be; and/or |
| • | the issuing entity may be unable to pay, in full or at all, interest due on your notes. |
For more information on principal deficiencies, see “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below.
The seller share and the Funding 1 share of the trust property do not provide credit enhancement for the notes |
Any losses from loans included in the trust property will be allocated to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller proportionally on each distribution date in accordance with the Funding 1 share percentage, the Funding 2 share percentage and the seller share percentage respectively of the trust property. The seller share of the trust property and the Funding 1 share of the trust property therefore do not provide credit enhancement for the Funding 2 share of the trust property or the notes. Losses on the loans in the portfolio are allocated proportionately among the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 depending on their respective shares in the trust property.
The issuing entity will only have recourse to the seller if there is a breach of warranty by the seller, but otherwise the seller’s assets will not be available to the issuing entity as a source of funds to make payments on the notes |
After a master intercompany loan acceleration notice is given (as described in “The master intercompany loan agreement – Master intercompany loan events of default” below and “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” below), the Funding 2 security trustee may, but shall not be obliged to, sell the Funding 2 share of the trust property. There is no assurance that a buyer would be found or that such a sale would realise enough money to repay amounts due and payable under the master intercompany loan agreement.
The issuing entity and the note trustee will not, and Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee and the mortgages trustee will not other than in respect of a breach of warranty under the mortgage sale agreement, have any recourse to the seller of the loans.
The issuing entity and the note trustee will not, and the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee will not undertake any investigations, searches or other actions on any loan or its related security but instead will rely solely on the warranties given in the mortgage sale agreement by the seller.
If any of the warranties made by the seller is materially untrue on the date on which a loan is sold to the mortgages trustee, then the seller will be required to remedy the breach, failing which it will be required to repurchase the loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security at their outstanding principal balance as at the date of repurchase together with any arrears of interest and accrued and unpaid interest and expenses. There can be no assurance that the seller will have the financial resources to repurchase the loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security. However, if the seller does not repurchase those loans and their related security when required, then the seller share of the trust property will be deemed to be reduced by an amount equal to the principal amount outstanding of those loans together with any arrears of interest and accrued and unpaid interest and expenses. See “Sale of the loans and their related security – Repurchase of loans under a mortgage account” below.
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Other than as described here, neither you nor the issuing entity will have any recourse to the assets of the seller.
There can be no assurance that a borrower will repay principal at the end of the term on an interest-only loan, which may adversely affect repayments on the notes |
Each loan in the portfolio is repayable either on a principal repayment basis or an interest-only basis. For interest-only loans, because the principal is repaid in a lump sum at the maturity of the loan, the borrower is recommended to have some repayment mechanism (such as an investment plan) in place which is intended to provide sufficient funds to repay the principal at the end of the term. However, the seller does not ensure that a repayment mechanism is in place in all cases and does not take security over these repayment mechanisms. The borrower is also recommended to take out a life insurance policy in relation to the loan but, as with repayment mechanisms, the seller does not take security over these life insurance policies.
The ability of a borrower to repay the principal on an interest-only loan at maturity depends on the borrower ensuring that sufficient funds are available from an investment plan or another source, such as ISAs, pension policies, personal equity plans or endowment policies, as well as the financial condition of the borrower, tax laws and general economic conditions at the time.
There can be no assurance that the borrower will have the funds required to repay the principal at the end of the term. If a borrower cannot repay the loan and a loss occurs on the loan, then this may affect repayments of principal on the notes if that loss cannot be cured by application of excess Funding 2 available revenue receipts. In respect of loans sold to the mortgages trustee in connection with the issuance of series and classes of notes, the applicable prospectus supplement will state the amount of the loans in the expected portfolio that are interest-only loans. See “Statistical Information on the portfolio – The cut-off date mortgage portfolio – Repayment terms” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
Set-off risks in relation to flexible loans and delayed cashbacks may adversely affect the funds available to the issuing entity to repay the notes |
As described in “– There may be risks associated with the fact that the mortgages trustee has no legal title to the loans and their related security, which may adversely affect payments on the notes” below, the seller has made, and in the future may make, an equitable assignment of the relevant loans and their related security, or in the case of Scottish loans a transfer of the beneficial interest in the relevant loans and their related security, to the mortgages trustee, with legal title being retained by the seller. Therefore, the rights of the mortgages trustee may be subject to the direct rights of the borrowers against the seller, including rights of set-off existing prior to notification to the borrowers of the sale of the mortgages. The mortgages trust includes flexible loans and delayed cashbacks. Set-off rights (including analogous rights in Scotland) may occur if the seller fails to advance to a borrower a drawing or permit the bor rower to make an underpayment or take a payment holiday under a flexible loan when the borrower is entitled to draw additional amounts or make an underpayment or take a payment holiday under a flexible loan or if the seller fails to pay to a borrower any delayed cashback which the seller had agreed to pay to that borrower after completion of the relevant loan.
If the seller fails to advance the drawing or permit the borrower to make an underpayment or take a payment holiday or pay the delayed cashback, then the relevant borrower may set-off any damages claim (or exercise analogous rights in Scotland) arising from the seller’s breach of contract against the seller’s (and, as assignee or holder of the beneficial interest in the loans and their related security, the mortgages trustee’s) claim for payment of principal and/or interest under the loan as and when it becomes due. These set-off claims will constitute transaction set-off as described in the immediately following risk factor.
The amount of the claim in respect of a drawing will, in many cases, be the cost to the borrower of finding an alternative source of finance although, in the case of flexible loans or delayed cashbacks which are or relate to Scottish loans, it is possible that the borrower’s rights of set-off could extend to the full amount of the relevant drawing. The borrower may obtain a loan elsewhere in which case the damages would be equal to any difference in the borrowing costs
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together with any consequential losses, namely the associated costs of obtaining alternative funds (for example, legal fees and survey fees). If the borrower is unable to obtain an alternative loan, he or she may have a claim in respect of other losses arising from the seller’s breach of contract where there are special circumstances communicated by the borrower to the seller at the time the mortgage was taken out or which otherwise were reasonably foreseeable. In either case, the damages claim will be limited by general legal principles concerning remoteness of loss and mitigation. These include (i) the principle that something, which is a real possibility but would only occur in a small minority of cases, will not usually fall within the contractual measure of damages and (ii) the borrower’s duty to mitigate his loss.
In respect of a delayed cashback, the claim is likely to be in an amount equal to the amount due under the delayed cashback together with interest and expenses and consequential losses (if any).
A borrower may also attempt to set-off against his or her mortgage payments an amount greater than the amount of his or her damages claim (or exercise analogous rights in Scotland). In that case, the seller will be entitled to take enforcement proceedings against the borrower although the period of non-payment by the borrower is likely to continue until a judgment is obtained.
The exercise of set-off rights by borrowers would reduce the incoming cashflow to the mortgages trustee during such exercise. However, the amounts set-off will be applied firstly to reduce the seller share of the trust property only.
See also “– If a significant number of borrowers attempt to set-off claims for damages based on contravention of an FSA rule against the amount owing by the borrower under a loan, there could be a material decrease in receipts to the issuing entity from the mortgages trust” and “– If the seller’s interpretation of certain technical rules under the CCA were held to be incorrect by a court or the Ombudsman or was challenged by a significant number of borrowers, or borrowers exercise rights of set-off insofar as available under the CCA, there could be material disruption in the income of the mortgages trust” below.
Further there may be circumstances in which certain drawings may rank behind security created by a borrower after the date upon which the borrower entered into its mortgage with the seller.
The minimum seller share has been sized in an amount expected to cover this risk, although there is no assurance that it will. If the minimum seller share is not sufficient in this respect then there is a risk that you may not receive all amounts due on the notes or that payments may not be made when due.
There may be risks associated with the fact that the mortgages trustee has no legal title to the loans and their related security, which may adversely affect payments on the notes |
The sale by the seller to the mortgages trustee of the English mortgages will take effect in equity only. The sale by the seller to the mortgages trustee of the Scottish mortgages has been given effect by a number of Scottish declarations of trust by the seller (and any sale of Scottish mortgages on the programme date and in the future will be given effect by further Scottish declarations of trust) by which the beneficial interest in the Scottish mortgages has been or will be transferred to the mortgages trustee. In each case this means that legal title to the loans in the portfolio remains with the seller, but the mortgages trustee has all the other rights and benefits relating to ownership of each loan and its related security (which rights and benefits are subject to the trust in favour of the beneficiaries). The mortgages trustee has the right to demand that the seller give it legal title to the loans and the related security in the circumstances described in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Legal assignment of the loans to the mortgages trustee” below and until then the mortgages trustee will not give notice of the sale of the English mortgages to any borrower or apply to the Land Registry or the Central Land Charges Registry to register or record its equitable interest in the English mortgages or take any steps to complete or perfect its title to the Scottish mortgages. For more information on the Scottish mortgages see “Material legal aspects of the loans – Scottish loans” below.
Because the mortgages trustee has not obtained legal title to the loans or their related security, there are risks, as follows:
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| • | first, if the seller wrongly sold a loan to another person which has already been sold to the mortgages trustee, and that person acted in good faith and did not have notice of the interests of the mortgages trustee or the beneficiaries in the loan, then she or he might obtain good title to the loan, free from the interests of the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries. If this occurred then the mortgages trustee would not have good title to the affected loan and its related security and it would not be entitled to payments by a borrower in respect of that loan. This may affect the ability of the issuing entity to repay the notes; and |
| • | second, the rights of the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries may be subject to the rights of the borrowers against the seller, such as the rights of set-off (see in particular “– Set-off risks in relation to flexible loans and delayed cashbacks may adversely affect the funds available to the issuing entity to repay the notes” above) which occur in relation to transactions or deposits made between some borrowers and the seller and the rights of borrowers to redeem their mortgages by repaying the loan directly to the seller. If these rights were exercised, the mortgages trustee may receive less money than anticipated from the loans, which may affect the ability of the issuing entity to repay the notes. |
However, if a borrower exercises any set-off rights, then an amount equal to the amount set-off will firstly reduce the total amount of the seller share of the trust property only, and the minimum seller share has been sized in an amount expected to cover this risk, although there is no assurance that it will. If the minimum seller share is exhausted, then the amount of any set-offs would be applied to reduce the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property.
Independent set-off risks which a borrower has against the seller may adversely affect the funds available to the issuing entity to repay the notes |
Once notice has been given to borrowers of the transfer of the loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee, independent set-off rights which a borrower has against the seller will crystallise (such as, for example, set-off rights associated with borrowers holding deposits with the seller) and further rights of independent set-off would cease to accrue from that date and no new rights of independent set-off could be asserted following that notice. Set-off rights arising under transaction set-off (which are set-off claims arising out of a transaction connected with the loan) will not be affected by that notice. These set-off rights if exercised could reduce the loan receipts available to the mortgages trustee to distribute to Funding 2, and could ultimately affect the amounts available to the issuing entity for payments on the notes.
If the servicer is removed, there is no guarantee that a substitute servicer would be found, which could delay collection of payments on the loans and ultimately could adversely affect payments on the notes |
The seller has been appointed by the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries as servicer to service the loans. If the servicer breaches the terms of the servicing agreement, then the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee will be entitled to terminate the appointment of the servicer and appoint a new servicer in its place.
There can be no assurance that a substitute servicer with sufficient experience of administering mortgages of residential properties would be found who would be willing and able to service the loans on the terms of the servicing agreement. In addition, as described below, any substitute servicer will be required to be authorised under the FSMA (as defined below) in order to administer loans that constitute regulated mortgage contracts. The ability of a substitute servicer fully to perform the required services would depend, among other things, on the information, software and records available at the time of the appointment. Any delay or inability to appoint a substitute servicer may affect payments on the loans and hence the issuing entity’s ability to make payments when due on the notes.
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You should note that the servicer has no obligation itself to advance payments that borrowers fail to make in a timely fashion.
Funding 2 or the issuing entity may not receive the benefit of any claims made on the buildings insurance which could adversely affect payments on the notes |
The practice of the seller in relation to buildings insurance is described under “The loans – Insurance policies” below. The seller no longer has the benefit of a block insurance policy if a borrower fails to maintain insurance cover in respect of his or her property and, accordingly, it is no longer the practice of the seller to have the interest of the mortgages trustee endorsed on an insurance policy. As described in that section, no assurance can be given that Funding 2 will always receive the benefit of any claims made under any applicable insurance contracts. This could reduce the principal receipts received by Funding 2 according to the Funding 2 share percentage and could adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to redeem the notes. You should note that buildings insurance is renewed annually.
If the seller’s interpretation of certain technical rules under the CCA were held to be incorrect by a court or the Ombudsman or was challenged by a significant number of borrowers, or borrowers exercise rights of set-off insofar as available under the CCA, there could be material disruption in the income from the mortgages trust |
In the United Kingdom, the Office of Fair Trading (the OFT) is responsible for the issue of licences under, and the superintendence of the working and the enforcement of, the CCA, related consumer credit regulations and other consumer protection legislation. The OFT may review businesses and operations, provide guidelines to follow and take actions when necessary with regard to the mortgage market in the United Kingdom.
Currently, a credit agreement is regulated by the CCA where: (a) the borrower is or includes an individual; (b) the amount of “credit” as defined in the CCA does not exceed the financial limit, which is £25,000 for credit agreements made on or after 1 May 1998 or lower amounts for credit agreements made before that date; and (c) the credit agreement is not an exempt agreement under the CCA (for example, in certain circumstances, a credit agreement to finance the purchase of land is an exempt agreement under the CCA).
Any credit agreement that is wholly or partly regulated by the CCA or treated as such has to comply with requirements under the CCA as to licensing of lenders and brokers, documentation and procedures of credit agreements, and (in so far as applicable) pre-contract disclosure. If it does not comply with those requirements, then to the extent that the credit agreement is regulated by the CCA or treated as such, it is unenforceable against the borrower: (a) without an order of the OFT, if the lender or any broker does not hold the required licence at the relevant time; (b) totally, if the form to be signed by the borrower is not signed by the borrower personally or omits or misstates a “prescribed term”; or (c) without a court order in other cases and, in exercising its discretion whether to make the order, the court would take into account any prejudice suffered by the borrower and any culpability of the lender.
Any credit agreement intended to be a regulated mortgage contract under the FSMA (as defined below) or unregulated might instead be wholly or partly regulated by the CCA or treated as such because of technical rules on: (a) determining whether any credit under the CCA arises or whether the financial limit of the CCA is exceeded; (b) determining whether the credit agreement is an exempt agreement under the CCA; and (c) changes to credit agreements.
A court order under section 126 of the CCA is necessary to enforce a land mortgage (including, in Scotland, a standard security) securing a credit agreement to the extent that the credit agreement is regulated by the CCA or treated as such. In dealing with such application, the court has the power, if it appears just to do so, to amend the credit agreement or to impose conditions upon its performance or to make a time order (for example, giving extra time for arrears to be cleared).
Under Section 75 of the CCA in certain circumstances: (a) the lender is liable to the borrower in relation to misrepresentation and breach of contract by a supplier in a transaction financed by the lender, where the related credit agreement is or is treated as entered into under pre-existing
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arrangements, or in contemplation of future arrangements, between the lender and the supplier; and (b) the lender has a statutory indemnity from the supplier against such liability, subject to any agreement between the lender and the supplier.
The borrower may set-off the amount of the claim against the lender against the amount owing by the borrower under the loan or under any other loan that the borrower has taken. Any such set-off may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments on the notes.
The Consumer Credit Act 2006 (the CCA 2006) received the Royal Assent on 30 March 2006. Once implemented, the CCA 2006 will update and augment the CCA.
The DTI has indicated that, from 6 April 2007, the “extortionate credit” regime will be replaced by an “unfair relationship” test, which will have retrospective effect in some cases. In applying the new unfair relationship test, the courts will be able to consider a wider range of circumstances surrounding the transaction, including the creditor’s conduct before and after making the agreement. There is no statutory definition of the word “unfair” as the intention is for the test to be flexible and subject to judicial discretion.
The courts may, but are not obliged to, look to the above legislation for guidance. The FSA principles may also be relevant and apply to the way contract terms are used in practice and not just the way they are drafted. Importantly, the test has retrospective application after a transitional period. Once the debtor alleges that an unfair relationship exists, the burden of proof is on the creditor to prove the contrary.
An alternative dispute resolution scheme for consumer credit matters is to be run by the Ombudsman. The DTI has indicated that, from 6 April 2007, the scheme will be mandatory for all businesses licensed under the CCA. The CCA 2006 also introduces an independent Consumer Credit Appeals Tribunal.
The DTI has indicated that, from 6 April 2008, the statutory upper financial limit of £25,000 for CCA regulation will be removed, thereby widening the scope of the CCA’s regulation (for example, potentially to most buy-to-let loans over £25,000).
The OFT is to be given far broader powers under the CCA 2006: for instance, they can apply intermediate sanctions, have far greater powers of investigation and can issue indefinite standard licences. The CCA 2006 obliges creditors to comply with more stringent information requirements. The DTI has indicated that, from 2008, lenders will be obliged to give customers clearer and more regular information on their credit accounts.
The upcoming changes to the CCA may result in adverse effects on the issuing entity’s ability to make payment in full on the notes when due.
The seller has interpreted certain technical rules under the CCA in a way common with many other lenders in the mortgage market. If such interpretation were held to be incorrect by a court or the Ombudsman, then a credit agreement, to the extent that it is regulated by the CCA or treated as such, would be unenforceable as described above. If such interpretation were challenged by a significant number of borrowers, then this could lead to significant disruption and shortfall in income of the mortgages trustee. Court decisions have been made on technical rules under the CCA against certain mortgage lenders, but such decisions are very few and are generally county court decisions not binding on other courts.
The seller has given or, as applicable, will give warranties to the mortgages trustee in the mortgage sale agreement that, among other things, each loan and its related security is enforceable (subject to certain exceptions). If a loan or its related security does not comply with these warranties, and if the default cannot be or is not cured within 20 London business days, then the seller will be required to repurchase the loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security from the mortgages trustee.
Failure by the seller or any servicer to hold relevant authorisations and permissions under FSMA in relation to regulated mortgage contracts may have an adverse effect on enforceability of mortgage contracts |
In the United Kingdom, regulation of residential mortgage business by the FSA under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (the FSMA) came into force on 31 October 2004, the
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date known as N(M). Entering into, arranging or advising in respect of and administering regulated mortgage contracts, and agreeing to do any of these things, are (subject to applicable exemptions) regulated activities under the FSMA.
A credit agreement is a regulated mortgage contract under the FSMA if, at the time it is entered into on or after N(M): (a) the borrower is an individual or trustee; (b) the contract provides for the obligation of the borrower to repay to be secured by a first legal mortgage or, in Scotland, a first ranking standard security on land (other than timeshare accommodation) in the United Kingdom; and (c) at least 40 per cent. of that land is used, or is intended to be used, as or in connection with a dwelling by the borrower or (in case of credit provided to trustees) by an individual who is a beneficiary of the trust or by a related person.
The main effects are that, unless an exclusion or exemption applies: (a) each entity carrying on a regulated mortgage activity has to hold authorisation and permission from the FSA to carry on that activity; and (b) generally, each financial promotion in respect of an agreement relating to qualifying credit has to be issued or approved by a person holding authorisation and permission from the FSA. If requirements as to authorisation and permission of lenders and brokers or as to issue and approval of financial promotions are not complied with, a regulated mortgage contract would be unenforceable against the borrower except with the approval of a court. An unauthorised person who administers a regulated mortgage contract entered into on or after N(M) may commit a criminal offence, but this would not render the contract unenforceable against the borrower.
Any credit agreement intended to be a regulated mortgage contract under the FSMA might instead be wholly or partly regulated by the CCA or treated as such, or unregulated, and any credit agreement intended to be unregulated might instead be a regulated mortgage contract under the FSMA, because of technical rules on: (a) determining whether the credit agreement or any part of it falls within the definition of “regulated mortgage contract”; and (b) changes to credit agreements.
The seller is required to hold, and holds, authorisation and permission to enter into and to administer and, where applicable, to advise on regulated mortgage contracts. Subject to any exemption, brokers will be required to hold authorisation and permission to arrange and, where applicable, to advise on regulated mortgage contracts.
None of the issuing entity, Funding 2, the Funding 1 issuing entities, Funding 1 or the mortgages trustee are, nor propose to be, authorised persons under the FSMA. The mortgages trustee does not require authorisation in order to acquire legal or beneficial title to a regulated mortgage contract. None of the issuing entity, Funding 2, the Funding 1 issuing entities, Funding 1 or the mortgages trustee carry on the regulated activity of administering (servicing) mortgage contracts, because the loans are serviced pursuant to the servicing agreement by the servicer, which has the required FSA authorisation and permission. If the servicing agreement terminates, however, the mortgages trustee will have a period of not more than one month in which to arrange for mortgage servicing to be carried out by a replacement servicer having the required FSA authorisation and permission. In addition, on and after N(M), no variation has been or will be made to the loans and no furt her advance or product switch has been or will be made in relation to a loan where it would result in the issuing entity, Funding 2, any Funding 1 issuing entities, Funding 1 or the mortgages trustee arranging or advising in respect of, administering (servicing) or entering into a regulated mortgage contract or agreeing to carry on any of these activities, if the issuing entity, Funding 2, any Funding 1 issuing entities, Funding 1 or the mortgages trustee would be required to be authorised under the FSMA to do so.
If a significant number of borrowers attempt to set-off claims for damages based on contravention of an FSA rule against the amount owing by the borrower under a loan, there could be a material decrease in receipts to the issuing entity from the mortgages trust |
The FSA Mortgages: Conduct of Business Sourcebook (MCOB), which sets out its rules for regulated mortgage activities, came into force on 31 October 2004. These rules cover, among other things, certain pre-origination matters such as financial promotion and pre-application illustrations, pre-contract and start-of-contract and post-contract disclosure, contract changes, charges and arrears and repossessions. FSA rules for prudential and authorisation requirements for mortgage
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firms and insurance intermediaries, and for extending the appointed representatives regime, came into force on 31 October 2004 for mortgages and on 14 January 2005 for general insurance.
A borrower who is a private person is entitled to claim damages for loss suffered as a result of any contravention by an authorised person of an FSA rule, and may set-off the amount of the claim against the amount owing by the borrower under the loan or any other loan that the borrower has taken (or exercise analogous rights in Scotland). Any such set-off may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments on the notes.
So as to avoid dual regulation, it is intended that regulated mortgage contracts will not be regulated by the CCA, and the relevant regulations under FSMA are designed to clarify the position in this regard. This exemption only affects credit agreements made on or after N(M) and credit agreements made before N(M) but subsequently changed such that a new contract is entered into on or after N(M) and constitutes a regulated mortgage contract. A court order under section 126 of the CCA is, however, necessary to enforce a land mortgage (including, in Scotland, a standard security) securing a regulated mortgage contract to the extent that it would, apart from this exemption, be regulated by the CCA or be treated as such.
No assurance can be given that additional regulatory changes by the OFT, the FSA or any other regulatory authority will not arise with regard to the mortgage market in the United Kingdom generally, the seller’s particular sector in that market or specifically in relation to the seller. Any such action or developments or compliance costs may have a material adverse effect on the seller, the servicer, the issuing entity, the Funding 1 issuing entities, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2 and their respective businesses and operations. This may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments in full on the notes when due.
Prior to N(M), in the United Kingdom, self-regulation of mortgage business existed under the Mortgage Code (the CML Code) issued by the Council of Mortgage Lenders (the CML). Halifax subscribed to the CML Code and on and from N(M), as an authorised person, has been subject to the FSA requirements in MCOB. Membership of the CML and compliance with the CML Code were voluntary. The CML Code set out minimum standards of good mortgage business practice, from marketing to lending procedures and dealing with borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. Since 30 April 1998 lender-subscribers to the CML Code could not accept mortgage business introduced by intermediaries who were not registered with (before 1 November 2000) the Mortgage Code Register of Intermediaries or (on and after 1 November 2000 until 31 October 2004) the Mortgage Code Compliance Board. Complaints relating to breach of the CML Code were dealt with by the relevant scheme, such as the Banking Ombudsman Scheme or the Mortgage Code Arbitration Scheme.
A new European Commission directive concerning consumer credit may, if adopted and implemented, have an adverse effect on enforceability of the loans |
In September 2002, the European Commission published a proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on consumer credit.
This proposal applied to certain mortgage loan products, and it, together with an amended proposal published in October 2004, met with significant opposition. In July 2005, the European Commission published a Green Paper on mortgage credit in which it announced its intention that loans secured by a land mortgage would be excluded from the proposed directive on consumer credit, but will be addressed by the Green Paper process.
In October 2005, the European Commission published a further amended proposal for a directive on consumer credit, which applies to loans not exceeding €50,000 (subject to certain exceptions) but does not apply to loans secured by a land mortgage. The proposed directive, which may be further substantially amended before it is brought into effect, may be adopted later in 2006, and member states will then have a further two years in which to bring national implementing legislation into force. In March 2006, the DTI released a further consultation paper in this area. The consultation period ended on 10 May 2006 and the outcome of the consultation is awaited.
Until the final text of the directive is decided and the details of the United Kingdom implementing legislation are published, it is not certain what effect the adoption and implementation of the directive would have on the seller, the servicer, the issuing entity, the Funding 1 issuing
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entities, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2 and their respective businesses and operations. This may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments in full on the notes when due.
Under new distance marketing regulations, some of the loans may be cancellable, which may have an adverse effect on the issuing entity’s ability to make payments on the notes |
The Financial Services (Distance Marketing) Regulations 2004 apply to, among other things, credit agreements entered into on or after 31 October 2004 by means of distance communication (i.e. without any substantive simultaneous physical presence of the originator and the borrower). A regulated mortgage contract under the FSMA, if originated by a UK lender from an establishment in the United Kingdom, will not be cancellable under these regulations. Certain other credit agreements will be cancellable under these regulations if the borrower does not receive prescribed information at the prescribed time. Where the credit agreement is cancellable under these regulations, the borrower may send notice of cancellation at any time before the end of the fourteenth day after the day on which the cancellable agreement is made, where all the prescribed information has been received, or, if later, the borrower receives the last of the prescribed information.
| If the borrower cancels the credit agreement under these regulations, then: |
| (a) | the borrower is liable to repay the principal and any other sums paid by the originator to the borrower under or in relation to the cancelled agreement, within 30 days beginning with the day of the borrower sending notice of cancellation or, if later, the originator receiving notice of cancellation; |
| (b) | the borrower is liable to pay interest, or any early repayment charge or other charge for credit under the cancelled agreement, only if the borrower received certain prescribed information at the prescribed time and if other conditions are met; and |
| (c) | any security provided in relation to the contract is to be treated as never having had effect. |
If a significant portion of the loans in the mortgages trust are characterised as being cancellable under these regulations, then there could be an adverse effect on the issuing entity’s receipts in respect of the loans, affecting the issuing entity’s ability to make payments on the notes.
Regulations in the United Kingdom could lead to some terms of the loans being unenforceable, which may adversely affect payments on the notes |
In the United Kingdom, the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 as amended (the 1999 Regulations), which, together with (in so far as applicable) the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1994 (together with the 1999 Regulations, the UTCCR), apply to agreements made on or after 1 July 1995 and affect all or almost all of the loans, provide that:
| • | a consumer may challenge a standard term in an agreement on the basis that it is “unfair” within the UTCCR and therefore not binding on the consumer; and |
| • | the OFT and any “qualifying body” within the 1999 Regulations (such as the FSA) may seek to enjoin (or in Scotland interdict) a business from relying on unfair terms. |
The UTCCR will not generally affect core terms which define the main subject matter of the contract, such as the borrower’s obligation to repay the principal, but may affect terms that are not considered to be core terms, such as the lender’s power to vary the interest rate.
For example, if a term permitting the lender to vary the interest rate (as the seller is permitted to do) is found to be unfair, the borrower would not be liable to pay interest at the increased rate or, to the extent that the borrower has paid it, would be able, as against the lender, or any assignee such as the mortgages trustee, to claim repayment of the extra interest amounts paid or to set-off the amount of the claim against the amount owing by the borrower under the loan or any other loan that the borrower has taken. Any such non-recovery, claim or set-off may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments on the notes.
In February 2000, the OFT issued a guidance note on what the OFT considers to be fair terms and unfair terms for interest variation in mortgage contracts. Where the interest variation term
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does not provide for precise and immediate tracking of an external rate outside the lender’s control, and if the borrower is locked in, for example by an early repayment charge that is considered to be a penalty, the term is likely to be regarded as unfair under the UTCCR unless the lender (i) notifies the affected borrower in writing at least 30 days before the rate change and (ii) permits the affected borrower to repay the whole loan during the next three months after the rate change without paying the early repayment charge. The seller has reviewed the guidance note and has concluded that its compliance with it will have no material adverse effect on the loans or its business. The guidance note has been withdrawn from the OFT website and is currently under review by the OFT and FSA, but may remain in effect as the OFT’s view and as a factor that the FSA may take into account.
Under a new concordat agreed between the FSA and the OFT, with effect from 31 July 2006, responsibility for the enforcement of the UTCCR in mortgage agreements was agreed to be allocated by them, normally, to the FSA in relation to regulated mortgage contracts (in respect of the activities of firms authorised by the FSA) and to the OFT in relation to mortgages regulated under the CCA and where entered into by persons not authorised by the FSA nor their appointed representatives. It should be noted that in the context of the OFT’s investigation into credit card default charges, the OFT on 5 April 2006 publicly announced that the principles the OFT considers should be applied in assessing the fairness of credit card default charges should apply (or are likely to apply) to analogous default charges in other agreements, including those for mortgages. In May 2005, the FSA issued a statement of good practice on fairness of terms in consumer contracts which is rele vant to firms authorised and regulated by the FSA in relation to products and services within the FSA’s regulatory scope. The statement provides that, for locked-in borrowers, a lender may consider drafting the contract to permit a change in the contract to be made only where any lock-in clause is not exercised.
In August 2002, the Law Commission for England and Wales and the Scottish Law Commission issued a joint consultation LCCP No. 166/SLCDP 119 on proposals to rationalise the UK Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 and the 1999 Regulations into a single piece of legislation and a final report, together with a draft bill on unfair terms, was published in February 2005. It is not proposed that there should be any significant increase in the extent of controls over terms in consumer contracts. Some changes are proposed, however, such as that: (a) a consumer may also challenge a negotiated term in an agreement on the basis that it is “unfair” and “unreasonable” within the legislation and therefore not binding on the consumer; and (b) in any challenge by a consumer (but not by the OFT or a qualifying body) of a standard term or a negotiated term, the burden of proof lies on the business to show that the term is fair and reasonable.
No assurance can be given that any changes enacted in the 1999 Regulations, or any changes adopted in guidance on interest variation terms, would not have a material adverse effect on the seller, the servicer, the issuing entity, the Funding 1 issuing entities, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2 and their respective businesses and operations. This may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments in full on the notes when due.
Implementation of the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive |
In May 2005, the European Parliament and the Council adopted a directive on unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices (the Unfair Practices Directive). Generally, this directive applies full harmonisation, which means that member states may not impose more stringent provisions in the fields to which full harmonisation applies. By way of exception, this directive permits member states to impose more stringent provisions in the fields of financial services and immovable property, such as mortgage loans.
The Unfair Practices Directive provides that enforcement bodies may take administrative action or legal proceedings against a commercial practice on the basis that it is “unfair” within the directive. This directive is intended to protect only collective interests of consumers, and so is not intended to give any claim, defence or right of set-off to an individual consumer.
In December 2005, the DTI published a consultation paper on implementing the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive and amending existing consumer legislation. It expects to hold a second consultation on the draft implementing legislation later in 2006. The Directive must be
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transposed into UK law by 12 June 2007, and those laws must come into force in December 2007 in the UK and other member states. The implementing legislation will be subject to a transitional period until 12 June 2013 for applying full harmonisation in the fields to which it applies. It is too early to predict what effect the implementation of the Unfair Practices Directive would have on the loans.
Decisions of the Ombudsman could lead to some terms of the loans being varied, which may adversely affect payments on the notes |
Under FSMA, the Financial Ombudsman Service is required to make decisions on, among other things, complaints relating to activities and transactions under its jurisdiction on the basis of what, in the Ombudsman’s opinion, would be fair and reasonable in all circumstances of the case, taking into account, among other things, law and guidance. Transitional provisions exist pursuant to which certain complaints relating to breach of the CML Code occurring before N(M) may be dealt with by the Financial Ombudsman Service. Complaints brought before the Financial Ombudsman Service for consideration must be decided on a case-by-case basis, with reference to the particular facts of any individual case. Each case would first be adjudicated by an adjudicator. Either party to the case may appeal against the adjudication. In the event of an appeal, the case proceeds to a final decision by the Ombudsman.
In January 2002, the Ombudsman made a determination on the seller’s appeal from an earlier decision by an adjudicator at the Financial Ombudsman Service concerning a case involving HVR 1 and HVR 2. In March 2001, two joint borrowers with a capped rate loan originated when Halifax offered only a single standard variable base rate contacted Halifax and requested that their loan be linked to HVR 2. Halifax informed the borrowers that, because they were still in their product period, they could either transfer to HVR 2 when their product period expired or transfer to HVR 2 immediately and pay the applicable early repayment fee. The borrowers complained to the Financial Ombudsman Service and, on 29 January 2002, on appeal by Halifax, the Ombudsman determined in the borrowers’ favour and recommended that Halifax recalculate the borrowers’ mortgage by reference to HVR 2 from the date when Halifax should have granted their request in March 2001, refund any overpayments and pay £150 for any inconvenience caused. HVR 2 was withdrawn and ceased to be available to new borrowers with effect from 1 February 2002.
The Ombudsman’s decision only applies to the two borrowers and their particular circumstances, though other borrowers may also complain to the Ombudsman. In March 2002, Halifax announced that borrowers under loans who were in similar circumstances and who had asked to be transferred to HVR 2 when it was available would be invited to make a product switch to HVR 2 and to obtain a refund for all overpayments of interest since the date they had asked to be transferred. For each of those loans, the borrowers would also receive £150 for any inconvenience caused. The borrowers under loans who requested to be transferred after HVR 2 was withdrawn and before the announcement in March 2002 were not offered a switch or a refund, though Halifax has given or will give each of these customers an ex gratia payment of £100.
Since then, further decisions by the Ombudsman in similar cases have confirmed that affected borrowers were only entitled to a refund of overpayments of interest from the date when they asked to be transferred to HVR 2 and not from the date when HVR 2 first became available, and also that affected borrowers were not entitled to apply to be transferred to HVR 2 after it was withdrawn.
The seller does not believe that any Ombudsman’s decision to date or any other decision by any competent authority in the future (in respect of the seller’s two variable base rates, HVR 1 and HVR 2) would affect the yield on the loans in such a way as to have a material adverse effect on the issuing entity’s ability to meet its obligations on the notes.
As regards other borrowers, in the event that a decision (in respect of the seller’s variable base rate) by the Ombudsman or any other competent authority finds that a borrower’s loan should be linked to HVR 2, then that borrower may set-off the overpaid sum against the amount owing under his or her loan if the seller does not reimburse that borrower. Any such non-recovery, claim or set-off ultimately may adversely affect the issuing entity’s ability to make payments on the notes, as described in “– Set-off risks in relation to flexible loans and delayed cashbacks may adversely affect the funds available to the issuing entity to repay the notes” above.
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As the Financial Ombudsman Service is required to make decisions on the basis of, among other things, the principles of fairness, it is not possible to predict how any future decision of the Financial Ombudsman Service would affect the ability of the issuing entity to repay the notes.
The mortgages trustee’s entitlement to be indemnified for liabilities undertaken during the enforcement process may adversely affect the funds available to Funding 2 to pay amounts due under the master intercompany loan agreement, which may in turn adversely affect the funds available to pay the notes |
In order to enforce a power of sale in respect of a mortgaged property, the relevant mortgagee or (in Scotland) heritable creditor (which may be the seller or the mortgages trustee) must first obtain possession of the mortgaged property unless the property is vacant. Possession is usually obtained by way of a court order although this can be a lengthy process and the mortgagee or heritable creditor must assume certain risks. The mortgages trustee is entitled to be indemnified to its satisfaction against personal liabilities which it could incur if it were to become a mortgagee or heritable creditor in possession before it is obliged to seek possession.
Risks related to alternative characterisation of the notes as an equity interest in the issuing entity for US federal income tax purposes |
The issuing entity is a special purpose company and will be passive (see “The issuing entity” below). Under current US federal income tax law, the issuing entity is treated as an association that is taxable as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes. The characterisation of the US notes as debt or equity for US federal income tax purposes depends on many factors, including the form of such notes, the terms of the US notes and the debt-to-equity ratio of the issuing entity. Because the issuing entity may not have substantial equity, there is a risk that the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) could assert that the lowest subordinated class of notes or any other class of notes should be treated as an equity interest in the issuing entity rather as debt for US federal income tax purposes (see “United States federal income taxation – Alternative characterisation of the US notes” below). The issuing entity intends to treat the US notes as debt of the issuing entity for all purposes, including for US federal income tax purposes.
Your interests may be adversely affected by a change of law in relation to UK withholding tax |
In the event that amounts due under the notes are subject to withholding tax, neither the issuing entity nor any other person will be obliged to pay additional amounts in relation thereto. The issuing entity may, in certain circumstances, redeem the notes (as described in number 5(E) (Optional redemption for tax and other reasons) in the section “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below). The applicability of any UK withholding tax under current English law is discussed under “United Kingdom taxation” below.
Your interests may be adversely affected if the United Kingdom joins the European Monetary Union |
If the United Kingdom joins the European Monetary Union prior to the maturity of the notes, the issuing entity cannot assure you that this would not adversely affect payments on your notes.
It is possible that prior to the maturity of the notes the United Kingdom may become a participating member state in the European economic and monetary union and that the euro may become the lawful currency of the United Kingdom. In that event; (a) all amounts payable in respect of any notes denominated in sterling may become payable in euro; (b) applicable provisions of law may allow or require the issuing entity to re-denominate such notes into euro and take additional measures in respect of such notes; and (c) the introduction of the euro as the lawful currency of the United Kingdom may result in the disappearance of published or displayed rates for deposits in pounds sterling used to determine the rates of interest on such notes or changes in the way those rates are calculated, quoted and published or displayed. The introduction of the euro could also be accompanied by a volatile interest rate environment which could adversely affect a borrower’s ability to repay its loan as well as adversely affect investors. It cannot be said with
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certainty what effect, if any, adoption of the euro by the United Kingdom will have on investors in the notes.
Changes of law may adversely affect your interests |
The structure of the issue of the notes and the ratings which are to be assigned to them are based on English law and (in relation to the Scottish loans) Scots law in effect as at the date of this prospectus. The issuing entity cannot provide assurance as to the impact of any possible change to English or Scots law or administrative practice in the United Kingdom after the date of this prospectus.
Significant changes to the UK insolvency regime have been enacted in recent years, including the Insolvency Act 2000. The Insolvency Act 2000 allows certain “small” companies to seek protection from their creditors for a period of 28 days, for the purposes of putting together a company voluntary arrangement, with the option for creditors to extend the moratorium for a further two months. A “small” company is defined as one which satisfies, in any financial year, two or more of the following criteria: (i) its turnover is not more than £5.6 million; (ii) its balance sheet total is not more than £2.8 million; and (iii) the number of employees is not more than 50. Whether or not a company is a “small” company may change from period to period and consequently no assurance can be given that the issuing entity, the mortgages trustee or Funding 2 will not, at any given time, be determined to be a “small” company. The Secr etary of State for Trade and Industry may by regulation modify the eligibility requirements for “small” companies and can make different provisions for different cases. No assurance can be given that any such modification or different provisions will not be detrimental to the interests of noteholders.
Secondary legislation has now been enacted which excludes certain special purpose companies in relation to capital markets transactions from the optional moratorium provisions. Such exceptions include (among other matters): (i) a company which is a party to an agreement which is or forms part of a capital market arrangement (as defined in the secondary legislation) under which (a) a party has incurred or when the agreement was entered into was expected to incur a debt of at least £10 million under the arrangement and (b) the arrangement involves the issue of a capital market investment (also defined, but generally, a rated, listed or traded bond); and (ii) a company which at the date of filing for a moratorium has incurred a liability (including a present, future or contingent liability) of at least £10 million. While the issuing entity, the mortgages trustee and Funding 2 should fall within the exceptions, there is no guidance as to how the legislation will be interpreted and the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry may by regulation modify the exception. No assurance may be given that any modification of the eligibility requirements for “small” companies and/or the exceptions will not be detrimental to the interests of noteholders.
If the issuing entity and/or the mortgages trustee and/or Funding 2 is determined to be a “small” company and determined not to fall within one of the exceptions (by reason of modification of the exceptions or otherwise), then the enforcement of the issuing entity security by the issuing entity security trustee or the Funding 2 security by the Funding 2 security trustee may, for a period, be prohibited by the imposition of a moratorium.
On 15 September 2003, the corporate insolvency provisions of the Enterprise Act 2002 came into force, amending certain provisions of the Insolvency Act 1986 (as amended, the Insolvency Act). These provisions introduced significant reforms to corporate insolvency law. In particular the reforms restrict the right of the holder of a floating charge created after 15 September 2003 to appoint an administrative receiver (unless an exception applies) and instead gives primacy to collective insolvency procedures (in particular, administration).
The holder of a floating charge created before 15 September 2003 over the whole or substantially the whole of the assets of a company (such as the Funding 1 security trustee under the Funding 1 deed of charge) retains the ability to block the appointment of an administrator by appointing an administrative receiver, who will primarily act in the interests of the floating charge holder.
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The Insolvency Act contains provisions which continue to allow for the appointment of an administrative receiver in relation to certain transactions in the capital markets. The relevant exception provides that the right to appoint an administrative receiver is retained for certain types of security (such as the issuing entity security and the Funding 2 security) that form part of a capital markets arrangement (as defined in the Insolvency Act) that involves indebtedness of at least £50,000,000 (or, when the relevant security document was entered into (being in respect of the transactions described in this prospectus, the issuing entity deed of charge and the Funding 2 deed of charge), a party to the relevant transaction (such as the issuing entity) was expected to incur a debt of at least £50,000,000) and the issue of a capital markets investment (also defined but generally a rated, listed or traded bond). The Secretary of State for Trade and Industry m ay, by secondary legislation, modify the capital market exception and/or provide that the exception shall cease to have effect. No assurance can be given that any such modification or provision in respect of the capital market exception, or its ceasing to be applicable to the transactions described in this prospectus, will not adversely affect payments on the notes. In addition, as the provisions of the Enterprise Act have never been considered judicially, no assurance can be given as to whether the Enterprise Act could have a detrimental effect on the transactions described in this prospectus or on the interests of noteholders.
The Insolvency Act also contains a new out-of-court route into administration for a qualifying floating charge holder, the directors or the company itself. The relevant provisions provide for a notice period during which the holder of the floating charge can either agree to the appointment of the administrator proposed by the directors or the company or appoint an alternative administrator, although the moratorium will take effect immediately after notice is given. If the qualifying floating charge holder does not respond to the directors’ or company’s notice of intention to appoint, the directors’, or as the case may be, the company’s appointee will automatically take office after the notice period has elapsed. Where the holder of a qualifying floating charge within the context of a capital market transaction retains the power to appoint an administrative receiver, such holder may prevent the appointment of an administrator (either by the new out-of-court route or by the court based procedure), by appointing an administrative receiver prior to the appointment of the administrator being completed.
The new administration provisions of the Insolvency Act give primary emphasis to the rescue of the company as a going concern. The purpose of realising property to make a distribution to one or more secured creditors is subordinated to the primary purposes of rescuing the company as a going concern or achieving a better result for the creditors as a whole than would be likely if the company were wound up. No assurance can be given that the primary purposes of the new provisions will not conflict with the interests of noteholders in the event that the issuing entity or Funding 2 are ever subject to administration.
In addition to the introduction of a prohibition on the appointment of an administrative receiver as set out above, section 176A of the Insolvency Act provides that in relation to floating charges created after 15 September 2003 any receiver (including an administrative receiver), liquidator or administrator of a company is required to make a “prescribed part” of the company’s “net property” available for the satisfaction of unsecured debts in priority to the claims of the floating charge holder. The company’s “net property” is defined as the amount of the chargor’s property which would be available for satisfaction of debts due to the holder(s) of any debentures secured by a floating charge and so refers to any floating charge realisations less any amounts payable to the preferential creditors or in respect of the expenses of the liquidation or administration. The “prescribed part” is defined in The Insolven cy Act 1986 (Prescribed Part) Order 2003 (SI 2003/2097) to be an amount equal to 50 per cent. of the first £10,000 of floating charge realisations plus 20 per cent. of the floating charge realisations thereafter, provided that such amount may not exceed £600,000.
This obligation does not apply if the net property is less than a prescribed minimum and the relevant officeholder is of the view that the cost of making a distribution to unsecured creditors would be disproportionate to the benefits. The relevant officeholder may also apply to court for an order that the provisions of section 176A of the Insolvency Act should not apply on the basis that the cost of making a distribution would be disproportionate to the benefits.
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Floating charge realisations upon the enforcement of the issuing entity security and/or the Funding 2 security may be reduced by the operation of these “ring fencing” provisions.
You will not receive notes in physical form, which may cause delays in distributions and hamper your ability to pledge or resell the notes |
Unless the global notes are exchanged for definitive notes, which will only occur under a limited set of circumstances, beneficial ownership of the notes will only be recorded in book-entry form with DTC, Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or with any alternative clearing system agreed by the issuing entity. The lack of notes in physical form could, among other things:
| • | result in payment delays on such notes because the issuing entity will be sending distributions on the notes to DTC, Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or any alternative clearing system agreed by the issuing entity instead of directly to you; |
| • | make it difficult for you to pledge such notes if notes in physical form are required by the party demanding the pledge; and |
| • | hinder your ability to resell such notes because some investors may be unwilling to buy notes that are not in physical form. |
If you have a claim against the issuing entity it may be necessary for you to bring suit against it in England to enforce your rights |
The issuing entity has agreed to submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England, and it may be necessary for you to bring a suit in England to enforce your rights against the issuing entity.
Implementation of Basel II risk-weighted asset framework may result in changes to the risk-weighting of the notes |
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the text of a new framework on 26 June 2004 under the title “Basel II: International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: a Revised Framework”. This new framework (the Basel II Framework), which has been recently published in a consolidated version, and which places enhanced emphasis on market discipline and sensitivity to risk, is the basis for national rule-making and approval processes to continue and for banking organisations to complete their preparations for implementation of the Basel II Framework. It is currently intended that the various approaches under the Basel II Framework should be implemented in stages, some from year-end 2006 and the most advanced at year-end 2007. As and when implemented (including, in respect of EU financial institutional investors, through the proposed EU Capital Requirements Directive), the Basel II Framework could affect the risk-weighting of the notes in respect of certain investors if those investors are subject to the Basel II Framework following its implementation. Consequently, investors should consult their own advisers as to the consequences to and effect on them of the proposed implementation of the Basel II Framework. No predictions can be made as to the precise effects of potential changes which might result upon the implementation of the Basel II Framework.
The issuing entity may, under certain circumstances relating to the statutory implementation of the Basel II Framework in the United Kingdom, as described in number 5(F) (Optional redemption or purchase for implementation of EU Capital Requirements Directive) in the section “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below, require you to redeem your notes.
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Use of proceeds
The use of proceeds from an issuance of notes will be described in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
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The issuing entity
The issuing entity was incorporated in England and Wales on 1 September 2006 (registered number 5922774) and is a public limited company under the Companies Act 1985. The registered office of the issuing entity is at 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom.
The authorised share capital of the issuing entity comprises 50,000 ordinary shares of £1 each. The issued share capital of the issuing entity comprises 50,000 ordinary shares of £1 each, 49,998 of which are partly paid to £0.25 each and 2 of which are fully paid and all of which are beneficially owned by Holdings (see “Holdings” below). Under the issuing entity corporate services agreement, Holdings has agreed to comply with all requests of the issuing entity security trustee in relation to the appointment and/or removal by Holdings of any of the directors of the issuing entity.
The issuing entity is organised as a special purpose company. The issuing entity has no subsidiaries. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of Holdings or the issuing entity.
The issuing entity was established as a special purpose vehicle for the purposes of issuing the notes and making the advances to Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement. The activities of the issuing entity are limited to passively owing or holding the loan tranches, issuing the notes supported by the master intercompany loan agreement and other activities reasonably incidental thereto. The principal objects of the issuing entity are set out in its memorandum of association and include:
| • | lending money and giving credit, with or without security; |
| • | borrowing or raising money and obtaining credit or finance; |
| • | securing payment or repayment of money, credit or finance by any security over the issuing entity’s property; and |
| • | acquiring or entering into financial instruments, including derivative instruments. |
Under the Companies Act 1985, the issuing entity’s governing documents, including the principal objects of the issuing entity, may be altered by a special resolution of the shareholders.
The activities of the issuing entity will be further restricted by the terms and conditions of the notes and will be limited to the issue of the notes, the making of the advances under the master intercompany loan agreement to Funding 2, the exercise of related rights and powers and other activities referred to in this prospectus or incidental to those activities.
Since its incorporation, the issuing entity has not commenced operations and has not engaged, in any material activities other than those incidental to its incorporation as a public company under the Companies Act 1985 and to the proposed issue of the notes and to the authorisation of the other transaction documents referred to in this prospectus to which it is or will be a party.
The accounting reference date (i.e. the last day of the fiscal year) of the issuing entity is the last day of December. As at 11 October 2006, no statutory accounts have been prepared or delivered to the Registrar of Companies on behalf of the issuing entity.
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The following table sets out the directors of the issuing entity and their respective business addresses and occupations. Each director has served in office since the incorporation of the issuing entity.
Name | Business address
| | Principal activities/ business occupation | | Age | |
|
| |
| |
| |
SFM Directors Limited | 35 Great St Helen’s London EC3A 6AP United Kingdom | | Provision of directors to special purpose companies | | — | |
SFM Directors (No.2) Limited | 35 Great St Helen’s London EC3A 6AP United Kingdom | | Provision of directors to special purpose companies | | — | |
David Balai | HBOS Treasury Services plc 33 Old Broad Street London EC2N 1HZ United Kingdom | | Senior Director | | 50 | |
The sponsor has caused David Balai, Senior Director of HBOS Treasury Services plc, the arranger and an affiliate of the seller, to be a director of the issuing entity. David Balai does not receive any compensation for acting as director.
The sponsor has caused SFM Directors Limited and SFM Directors (No. 2) Limited, companies specialising in acting as directors of special purpose companies, to be directors of the issuing entity.
The directors of each of SFM Directors Limited and SFM Directors (No. 2) Limited are Jonathan Eden Keighley, James Macdonald, James France and Robert Berry. Their principal activities include the provision of directors and corporate management services to structured finance transactions as directors on the boards of SFM Directors Limited and SFM Directors (No. 2) Limited. The business address of each of the directors of SFM Directors Limited and SFM Directors (No. 2) Limited is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom.
The company secretary of the issuing entity is SFM Corporate Services Limited, 35 Great St Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom.
In accordance with the issuing entity corporate services agreement, the issuing entity corporate services provider will provide to the issuing entity directors, a registered and administrative office, the service of a company secretary and the arrangement of meetings of directors and shareholders and procure book-keeping services and preparation of accounts by Halifax. No other remuneration is paid by the issuing entity to or in respect of any director or officer of the issuing entity for acting as such. There will at all times be at least one independent director of the issuing entity.
The issuing entity has no employees.
The following table shows the capitalisation of the issuing entity as at 11 October 2006:
| £ | |
|
| |
Authorised share capital | | |
Ordinary shares of £1 each | 50,000.00 | |
|
| |
Issued share capital | | |
2 ordinary shares of £1 each fully paid | 2.00 | |
49,998 ordinary shares each one quarter paid | 12,499.50 | |
|
| |
| 12,501.50 | |
|
| |
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Halifax plc
Halifax Building Society was founded in 1853 as the Halifax Permanent Benefit Building and Investment Society. In 1928, it merged with Halifax Equitable Building Society to form Halifax Building Society. Halifax Ltd was incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 02367076 on 31 March 1989. On 2 June 1997 Halifax Building Society, at that time the United Kingdom’s largest building society, transferred its business to Halifax Ltd, which on that date became authorised under the UK Banking Act 1987. Upon completion of the transfer, Halifax Building Society ceased to exist. On 4 December 1996 Halifax Ltd took its current name and re-registered as a public limited company, Halifax plc (Halifax). Its registered office is Trinity Road, Halifax, West Yorkshire HX1 2RG, United Kingdom. Its telephone number is (+44) 113 235 2176. The UK Banking Act 1987 was repealed when section 19 of the FSMA was brought into force on 1 December 2001. Halifax is now authorised as required under the FSMA. On 1 June 1999, through a scheme of arrangement, Halifax Group plc acquired and became the holding company of Halifax. On 10 September 2001, Halifax Group plc and The Governor and Company of the Bank of Scotland were acquired by a new holding company, HBOS plc (HBOS). On 1 July 2002 Halifax became a directly held subsidiary undertaking of HBOS. HBOS is the fourth largest banking group in the United Kingdom in terms of assets and is the United Kingdom’s largest savings banking group. HBOS was incorporated in Scotland on 3 May 2001.
HBOS had total consolidated assets of £540,873 million at 31 December 2005. HBOS’s consolidated profit on ordinary activities before tax for the year ended 31 December 2005 was £4,808 million and for the six-month period ended 30 June 2006 was £2,654 million.
Halifax had total consolidated assets of £254,918 million at 31 December 2005. Halifax’s consolidated profit on ordinary activities before tax for the year ended 31 December 2005 was £1,188 million and for the six-month period ended 30 June 2006 was £945 million.
Halifax is primarily engaged in providing financial services to customers through the broadest distribution base of any UK retail bank, ranging from branches to direct mail, telephone and internet banking. Its range of multi-branded products includes personal and business banking, savings and long-term investments, mortgages, personal loans and credit cards. Halifax is the United Kingdom’s leading provider of mortgages through various brands. It is also the United Kingdom’s largest liquid savings provider.
Halifax is the sponsor of the asset-backed securities transactions in connection with which the notes will be issued. Halifax is also the seller, the servicer, the cash manager, the issuing entity cash manager and the Funding 2 swap provider in the transaction.
Halifax has been making and servicing residential mortgage loans since its founding and, for over 75 years, has been the largest provider of mortgage loans in the United Kingdom. Statistical information regarding the recent size and growth of the portfolio of residential mortgage loans serviced by Halifax (all of which were originated by Halifax) may be found in the accompanying prospectus supplement under “Statistical information on the portfolio – Halifax residential mortgage loans”.
The total consolidated value of Halifax’s mortgage loans and advances secured on residential properties as at 31 December 2005 was approximately £167.7 billion, compared with £155.7 billion as at 31 December 2004 and as at the six-month period ended 30 June 2006 was approximately £177.1 billion, compared with £159.7 billion as at 30 June 2005.
Halifax has been engaged in the securitisation of residential mortgage loans since June 2002. To date, it has completed nine residential mortgage securitisation transactions in which an aggregate initial principal amount of approximately £39.8 billion (equivalent) of notes has been issued by the Funding issuing entities. Halifax’s residential mortgage loans also form the collateral
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for the covered bond issuance programme of HBOS Treasury Services plc (HBOSTS). Since July 2003, HBOSTS has issued 17 series of covered bonds with an aggregate initial principal amount of approximately £13.5 billion (equivalent) backed by residential mortgage loans originated by Halifax. No prior securitisation organised by Halifax has experienced an event of default to date.
Both Halifax and its affiliate, HBOSTS, are involved in Halifax’s mortgage loan securitisation programme. In general, Halifax is responsible for the selection of the pool of loans to be securitised and for ongoing servicing, reporting and cash management in accordance with the applicable documentation. HBOSTS acts as arranger of these securitisations and is responsible for structuring of the transaction, cash flow modelling, arranging distribution and marketing of the securities and arranging currency, interest rate and other hedge providers. Both Halifax and HBOSTS are responsible for liaising with rating agencies, engaging various third party service providers and advisors as well as overall transaction management. From time to time, HBOSTS may also underwrite particular classes of asset backed securities issued in Halifax’s securitisation programme.
Halifax General Insurance Services Ltd |
Halifax General Insurance Services Ltd was incorporated in England and Wales on 19 February 1993 as a private limited company. Halifax General Insurance Services Ltd is a wholly and indirectly owned subsidiary of Halifax Group plc and its registered office is at Trinity Road, Halifax, West Yorkshire HX1 2RG, United Kingdom. The principal business activity of Halifax General Insurance Services Ltd is that of general insurance.
HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Ltd |
HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Ltd was incorporated in Guernsey on 14 December 2001 as a protected cell company in accordance with the provisions of the Guernsey Protected Cell Companies Ordinance 1997. HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Halifax plc and its registered office is at Maison Trinity, Trinity Square, St. Peter Port, Guernsey GY1 4AT. The principal business activity of HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Ltd, an indirect subsidiary of HBOS, is insurance. The company commenced insurance business on 19 December 2001, when it acquired by portfolio transfer the insurance businesses of Halifax Mortgage Re Limited and Halifax Guarantee Insurance Company Limited. HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Ltd is the current owner of the mortgage indemnity insurance policies contracted between Halifax Mortgage Re Limited and Halifax.
Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited |
Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited was incorporated in Ireland on 29 March 2000 and was registered as company number 323923. Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Halifax Jersey Holdings Limited and its registered office is at Dromore House, East Park, Shannon. The principal business activity of Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited is that of general insurance. On 2 January 2001 the company began providing underwriting for mortgage repayment insurance offered by Halifax to borrowers. In March 2001 Halifax introduced the Total Mortgage Protection Policy, of which the mortgage repayment cover element is underwritten by Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited. In a few instances, Halifax still offers mortgage repayment insurance. In these instances, the insurance continues to be underwritten by Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited.
It is expected that, during the financial year ending 31 December 2007, the businesses now carried on by Halifax, including all its property and liabilities, will be transferred to The Governor and Company of the Bank of Scotland. The Governor and Company of the Bank of Scotland will become registered under the Companies Act 1985 and will change its corporate name of Bank of Scotland plc. These changes will be effected pursuant to the HBOS Group Reorganisation Act 2006 which received Royal Assent in June 2006.
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Funding 2
Permanent Funding (No. 2) Limited was incorporated in England and Wales on 17 May 2002 (registered number 4441772) as a public limited company under the Companies Act 1985 and re-registered as a private limited company on 17 August 2006. The authorised share capital of Funding 2 comprises 50,000 ordinary shares of £1 each. The issued share capital of Funding 2 comprises two ordinary shares of £1, which are beneficially owned by Holdings (see “Holdings” below).
Funding 2 was organised as a special purpose company to act as a depositor for the securitisation of residential mortgages originated by Halifax. Funding 2 has no subsidiaries. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of Holdings or Funding 2.
The principal objects of Funding 2 are set out in its memorandum of association and are, among other things, to:
| • | carry on business as a general commercial company; |
| • | borrow or raise money by any method and to obtain any form of credit or finance in any way the directors think fit (whether secured or unsecured); |
| • | carry on business as a money lender, financier and investor; |
| • | acquire and enter into financial instruments, including derivative instruments; and |
| • | undertake and carry on all kinds of loan, financial and other operations. |
Since its incorporation, Funding 2 has not engaged in any material activities, other than those incidental to the authorisation of the transaction documents referred to in this prospectus to which it is or will be a party and other matters which are incidental to those activities. Funding 2 has no employees.
Funding 2 will have no continuing duties with respect to the notes but will receive payments in respect of the Funding 2 share of the trust property and distribute such receipts as payments on the master intercompany loan in accordance with the priorities of payments set out under “Cashflows”.
The accounting reference date of Funding 2 is the last day of December.
The registered office of Funding 2 is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom. The telephone number of Funding 2’s registered office is +44 (0)20 7398 6300.
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The following table sets out the directors of Funding 2 and their respective business addresses and occupations.
Name | Business address | | Business occupation | |
|
| |
| |
SFM Directors Limited | 35 Great St. Helen’s | | Director of special | |
| London | | purpose companies | |
| EC3A 6AP | | |
| United Kingdom | | |
SFM Directors (No. 2) Limited | 35 Great St. Helen’s | | Director of special | |
| London | | purpose companies | |
| EC3A 6AP | | |
| United Kingdom | | |
David Balai | HBOS Treasury Services plc | | Senior Director | |
| 33 Old Broad Street | | |
| London EC2N 1HZ | | |
| United Kingdom | | |
David Balai is an employee of a company in the same group of companies as the seller.
The directors of SFM Directors Limited and SFM Directors (No. 2) Limited are set out in the section “The issuing entity” above.
The company secretary of Funding 2 is SFM Corporate Services Limited, 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom.
The directors and secretary of Funding 2 have no potential conflicts of interest between any duties to Funding 2 and their private interests and/or other duties.
In accordance with the corporate services agreement, the corporate services provider will provide to Funding 2 directors, a registered and administrative office, the service of a company secretary and the arrangement of meetings of directors and shareholders and procure book-keeping services and preparation of accounts by Halifax. No other remuneration is paid by Funding 2 to or in respect of any director or officer of Funding 2 for acting as such. There will at all times be at least one independent director of Funding 2.
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The mortgages trustee
The mortgages trustee was incorporated in Jersey, Channel Islands on 13 May 2002 (registered number 83116) as a private company with limited liability under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991, as amended, for a period of unlimited duration. The authorised share capital of the mortgages trustee is £2 divided into 2 ordinary shares of £1 each. Two ordinary shares have been issued and fully paid and are held in trust for charitable purposes by SFM Offshore Limited pursuant to an instrument of trust dated 7 May 2002. Any profits received by the mortgages trustee, after payment of the costs and expenses of the mortgages trustee, will, ultimately, be paid for the benefit of charities and charitable purposes selected at the discretion of SFM Offshore Limited. The payments on the notes will not be affected by this arrangement. The registered office of the mortgages trustee is at 47 Esplanade, St. Helier, Jersey JE1 0BD, Channel Islands. Its telephone number is +44 1534 510 924.
The mortgages trustee was organised as a special purpose company to act as trustee of the mortgages trust, and it has acted as such in connection with each securitisation by the previous Funding 1 issuing entities. The mortgages trustee has no subsidiaries. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of the mortgages trustee.
The principal activities of the mortgages trustee are, among other things, to:
| • | invest and deal in mortgage loans secured on residential or other properties within England, Wales and Scotland; |
| • | invest in, buy, sell and otherwise acquire and dispose of mortgage loans, advances, other similar investments and all forms of security; |
| • | carry on business as a money lender, financier and investor; |
| • | undertake and carry on all kinds of loan, financial and other operations; and |
| • | act as trustee in respect of carrying on any of these activities. |
The mortgages trustee has not engaged, since its incorporation, in any material activities other than those incidental to its incorporation, the settlement of the trust property on the mortgages trustee, acting as trustee of the mortgages trust since the initial closing date, the authorisation of the transaction documents referred to in this prospectus to which it is or will be a party, obtaining a standard licence under the CCA, filing a notification under the Data Protection Act 1998, registering as a data user under the Data Protection (Jersey) Law 1987, as amended and other matters which are incidental or ancillary to the foregoing. The mortgages trustee has no employees.
The accounting reference date of the mortgages trustee is the last day of December.
In accordance with the mortgages trustee corporate services agreement, the mortgages trustee corporate services provider will (amongst other things) provide to the mortgages trustee directors, a registered and administrative office, the service of a company secretary and the arrangement of meetings of directors and shareholders. Halifax prepares the accounts of the mortgages trustee. No other remuneration is paid by the mortgages trustee to or in respect of any director or officer of the mortgages trustee for acting as such.
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Holdings
Holdings was incorporated in England and Wales on 9 August 2001 (registered number 4267664) as a private limited company under the Companies Act 1985. The registered office of Holdings is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom. The telephone number of Holdings’ registered office is +44 (0) 20 7398 6300.
Holdings has an authorised share capital of £100 divided into 100 ordinary shares of £1 each, of which two shares have been issued, one share at par value and one share at a premium, and are beneficially owned by SFM Corporate Services Limited on a discretionary trust for the benefit of The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (registered charity number 216401) in the United Kingdom and for other charitable purposes. Any profits received by Holdings from its shareholdings, after payment of the corporate administration costs and expenses of Holdings, will ultimately be paid for the benefit of that charity and for other charitable purposes selected at the discretion of the corporate services provider. The payments on the notes will not be affected by this arrangement.
Holdings is organised as a special purpose company. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of Holdings.
The principal objects of Holdings are set out in its memorandum of association and are, among other things, to acquire and hold, by way of investments or otherwise, and deal in or exploit, in such manner as may from time to time be considered expedient, all or any part of any securities or other interests of or in any company (including the previous Funding 1 issuing entities, the issuing entity, Funding 1 and Funding 2).
Holdings has acquired all of the issued share capital of the issuing entity, the previous Funding 1 issuing entities, Funding 1 and Funding 2. Holdings has not engaged in any other activities since its incorporation other than changing its name from Alnery No. 2224 Limited on 21 March 2002 and those incidental to the authorising of the transaction documents to which it is or will be a party and other matters which are incidental to those activities. Holdings has no employees.
The accounting reference date of Holdings is the last day of December.
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PECOH
The post-enforcement call option holder was incorporated in England and Wales on 9 August 2001 (registered number 4267666) as a private limited company under the Companies Act 1985. The registered office of the post-enforcement call option holder is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom.
The authorised share capital of the post-enforcement call option holder comprises 100 ordinary shares of £1 each. The issued share capital of the post-enforcement call option holder comprises one ordinary share of £1, which is beneficially owned by PECOH Holdings (see “PECOH Holdings” below).
The post-enforcement call option holder is organised as a special purpose company. The post-enforcement call option holder has no subsidiaries. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of PECOH Holdings or the post-enforcement call option holder.
The principal objects of the post-enforcement call option holder are as set out in its memorandum of association and are, among others, to hold bonds, notes, obligations and securities issued or guaranteed by any company and any options or rights in respect of them. The post-enforcement call option holder has not engaged since its incorporation in any material activities other than changing its name from Alnery No. 2223 Limited on 21 March 2002, those activities relating to the issue of the Funding 1 notes by the previous Funding 1 issuing entities and those incidental to the authorising of the transaction documents referred to in this prospectus to which it is or will be a party and other matters which are incidental to those activities. The post-enforcement call option holder has no employees.
The accounting reference date of the post-enforcement call option holder is the last day of December.
Pursuant to the terms of an option to be granted to PECOH under the issuing entity post-enforcement call option agreement, following the enforcement, realisation and payment of the proceeds of the security granted by the issuing entity pursuant to the issuing entity deed of charge, PECOH can require the transfer to it of all of the notes outstanding for a nominal amount.
As the post-enforcement call option to be granted to pursuant to the issuing entity post-enforcement call option agreement can be exercised only after the issuing entity security trustee has enforced and realised the security granted by the issuing entity under the issuing entity deed of charge and has determined that there are no further assets available to pay amounts due and owing to the noteholders, the exercise of the post-enforcement call option and delivery by the noteholders of the notes to PECOH will not extinguish any other rights or claims other than the rights to payment of interest and repayment of principal under the notes that such noteholders may have against the issuing entity.
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PECOH Holdings
PECOH Holdings was incorporated in England and Wales on 1 June 2005 (registered number 5468381) as a private limited company under the Companies Act 1985. The registered office of PECOH Holdings is 35 Great St Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom.
PECOH Holdings has an authorised share capital of £100, divided into 100 ordinary shares of £1 each. The issued share capital of PECOH Holdings comprises one ordinary share of £1, which is beneficially owned by Structured Finance Management Investments Limited on a discretionary trust for the benefit of Barnardo’s (registered charity number 216250) in the United Kingdom and for other charitable purposes. Any profits received by PECOH Holdings, after payment of the costs and expenses of PECOH Holdings, will ultimately be paid for the benefit of that charity and for other charitable purposes selected at the discretion of the corporate services provider. The payments on the notes will not be affected by this arrangement.
PECOH Holdings is organised as a special purpose company. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of PECOH Holdings.
The principal objects of PECOH Holdings are set out in its memorandum of association and are, among other things, to acquire, hold and deal in securities of any company, including the post-enforcement call option holder.
PECOH Holdings has acquired all of the issued share capital of PECOH. PECOH Holdings has not engaged in any other activities since its incorporation other than those incidental to the authorising of the transaction documents to which it is or will be a party and other matters which are incidental to those activities. PECOH Holdings has no employees.
The accounting reference date of PECOH Holdings is the last day of December.
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The Funding 2 swap provider
The Funding 2 swap provider is Halifax. See “Halifax plc” above.
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Funding 1 issuing entities
In connection with the acquisition of Funding 1’s share of the trust property, nine other issuing entities (referred to in this prospectus as the Funding 1 issuing entities) have issued notes which are ultimately supported by receivables under the loans comprising the mortgages trust. Funding 1 stands in substantially the same relationship with the mortgages trustee and the Funding 1 issuing entities as Funding 2 does in respect of the mortgages trustee and the issuing entity.
Each of the Funding 1 issuing entities are wholly owned subsidiaries of Holdings and are public limited companies incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office of each Funding 1 issuing entity is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP, United Kingdom. The telephone number of each Funding 1 issuing entity is (+44) 20 7398 6300. Each Funding 1 issuing entity is a special purpose company whose purpose is to have issued the previous Funding 1 notes that represent their respective asset-backed obligations and to have lent an amount equal to the proceeds of their respective previous Funding 1 notes to Funding 1 under their respective intercompany loans with Funding 1. Each Funding 1 issuing entity does not engage in any activities that are unrelated to these purposes.
As discussed under “The mortgages trust” below, each of Funding 1 and Funding 2 has a beneficial interest in the mortgages trust which is proportionate in size to the aggregate outstanding balance from time to time of the notes issued by the Funding 1 issuing entities and the issuing entity respectively. Funding 1’s obligation to pay receipts under its beneficial interest in the mortgages trust to the Funding 1 issuing entities arises under the intercompany loans entered into between Funding 1 and each of the Funding 1 issuing entities. Similarly, Funding 2 will be obliged to pay receipts under its beneficial interest in the mortgages trust to the issuing entity under the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement.
Each of the Funding 1 issuing entities has issued series and classes of Funding 1 notes, beginning in June 2002. Each prospectus supplement will set forth the aggregate amount of Funding 1 notes outstanding of each Funding 1 issuing entity as at the date indicated in the prospectus supplement.
Each Funding 1 issuing entity, and consequently the Funding 1 notes of each such Funding 1 issuing entity, have an indirect pro rata interest in the assets of the mortgages trust in relation to the Funding 1 notes issued by each other Funding 1 issuing entity and the notes issued by the issuing entity. In addition, the Funding 1 notes of each Funding 1 issuing entity rank pari passu with the Funding 1 notes of each other Funding 1 issuing entity. Each of Funding 1 and Funding 2 has a pro rata beneficial interest in the trust property of the mortgages trust. Receipts of principal and interest on the loans after payment of expenses of the mortgages trust are allocated each month between Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller on a pro rata basis as described under “The mortgages trust” below. Any losses experienced on loans are also allocated pro rata between Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. Consequently, the amou nt of collections of principal and interest available to be paid by Funding 1 to the Funding 1 issuing entities each month under their intercompany loans, taking account of losses on the loans and expenses of the mortgages trust, is in pro rata proportion to the amount of collections available to Funding 2 to pay to the issuing entity during the same period.
The sponsor does not currently intend that new Funding 1 issuing entities will be created in the future or that new series of Funding 1 notes will be issued by any existing Funding 1 issuing entity. However, the position may change in the future. The issuing entity may, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, issue new series of notes from time to time (see “Summary of Notes – Issuance” above). The consent of the noteholders of existing series of notes is not required, and will not be obtained, prior to issuance of new series and classes of notes by the issuing entity. Similarly, the consent of the noteholders of Funding 1 notes is not required and will not be obtained prior to issuance of new series and classes of notes by the issuing entity.
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Funding 1
Funding 1 was incorporated in England and Wales on 9 August 2001 (registered number 4267660) as a private limited company under the Companies Act 1985. The authorised share capital of Funding 1 comprises 100 ordinary shares of £1 each. The issued share capital of Funding 1 comprises one ordinary share of £1, which is beneficially owned by Holdings.
Like Funding 2, Funding 1 was organised as a special purpose company to act as a depositor for the securitisation of residential mortgages originated by Halifax. Funding 1 has acted as such for each securitisation by the previous Funding 1 issuing entities. Funding 1 has no subsidiaries. The seller does not own directly or indirectly any of the share capital of Holdings or Funding 1.
The accounting reference date of Funding 1 is the last day of December.
The registered office of Funding 1 is 35 Great St. Helen’s, London EC3A 6AP. The telephone number of Funding 1’s registered office is (+44) 20 7398 6300.
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The note trustee, the issuing entity security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee
The note trustee, the issuing entity security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee is the Bank of New York. The Bank of New York is a New York banking corporation. Its address is One Canada Square, London E14 5AL.
The Bank of New York has served and currently is serving as indenture trustee and trustee for numerous securitisation transactions and programmes involving pools of mortgage loans.
Pursuant to the issuing entity trust deed, the note trustee is required to take certain actions as described in “Description of the issuing entity trust deed” and “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below. Pursuant to the issuing entity trust deed and the issuing entity deed of charge, the issuing entity security trustee is required to take certain actions as described in “Security for the issuing entity’s obligations – Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the issuing entity security trustee” and “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below.
The limitations on liability of the note trustee are described in “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below. The limitations on the liability of the issuing entity security trustee are described in “Security for the issuing entity’s obligations – Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the issuing entity security trustee” and “Security for the issuing entity’s obligations – Additional provisions of the issuing entity deed of charge” below.
The indemnifications available to the note trustee and the issuing entity security trustee are described in number 12 under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below.
Provisions for the removal of the issuing entity security trustee are described in “Security for the issuing entity’s obligations – Retirement and removal” below.
The Funding 2 deed of charge sets out the terms under which the Funding 2 security trustee is appointed and the indemnification of the Funding 2 security trustee. Pursuant to the Funding 2 deed of charge, the Funding 2 security trustee is required to take certain actions as described under “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” below. Provisions for the removal of the Funding 2 security trustee are described in “Security for Funding 2’s obligations – Retirement and removal” below.
The Bank of New York also acts as the Funding 1 note trustees, the Funding 1 issuing entities security trustees and the Funding 1 security trustee on similar terms and conditions to those described above.
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Affiliations and certain relationships and related transactions
of transaction parties
Halifax is the sponsor of the programme. In addition, Halifax has several other roles in the programme. Halifax is the originator of the loans. Halifax is the only seller of loans to the mortgages trustee and is the servicer of all of the loans.
Halifax also provides the services of (a) cash manager to the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2, (b) issuing entity cash manager and cash manager to the Funding 1 issuing entities and (c) Funding 2 swap provider and swap provider to Funding 1.
Except as described in the preceding paragraph, there are no other affiliations or relationships or related transactions involving the transaction parties under the programme.
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The loans
Each prospectus supplement issued in connection with the issuance of a series and class of notes will contain tables summarising information in relation to the relevant portfolio which will include loans expected to be sold to the mortgages trustee on the relevant closing date. The tables will contain information in relation to various criteria as at the applicable cut-off date. Tables will indicate, among other things, composition by type of property, seasoning, period to maturity, geographical distribution, LTV ratios, outstanding balance and repayment terms, as well as other information that may be described from time to time. The portfolio as at the cut-off date, for which statistics are presented in the applicable prospectus supplement, and the portfolio as at the relevant closing date may differ due to, among other things, amortisation of loans in the portfolio.
Each prospectus supplement relating to the issuance of a series and class of notes also will contain tables summarising certain characteristics of the United Kingdom mortgage market. Tables will provide historical information on, among other things, repossession rates, house price to earnings ratios, as well as other information that may be described from time to time.
The following is a description of some of the characteristics of the loans currently or previously originated by the seller including details of loan types, the underwriting process, lending criteria and selected statistical information. The issuing entity believes the loans in the portfolio at any time will have characteristics that demonstrate the capacity to produce funds to service any payments due and payable on the notes.
On the initial closing date, the seller sold the initial loans and, on subsequent dates, the seller has sold further loans, in each case together with their related security to the mortgages trustee pursuant to the mortgage sale agreement. On the programme date, Funding 2 will pay the seller consideration for loans (together with their related security) sold to the mortgages trustee on the programme date pursuant to the terms of the mortgage sale agreement. The loans making up the trust property after such addition, together with their related security, accrued interest and other amounts derived from the loans, will make up the trust property on the programme date.
The seller selects the loans for transfer into the portfolio, and any loans to be substituted into the portfolio, using an internally developed system containing defined data on each of the qualifying loans in the seller’s overall portfolio of loans available for selection. This system allows the setting of exclusion criteria among others corresponding to relevant representations and warranties that the seller makes in the mortgage sale agreement in relation to the loans (see “Sale of the loans and their related security – Representations and warranties” below), for instance, the representation and warranty relating to a maximum outstanding principal balance of £500,000. Once the criteria have been determined, the system identifies all loans owned by the seller that are consistent with the criteria. From this subset, loans are selected at random until the target balance for new loans has been reached or the subset has been exhauste d. After a pool of new loans is selected in this way, the constituent loans are monitored so that they continue to comply with the relevant criteria on the date of transfer.
Unless otherwise indicated, the description that follows relates to types of loans that have been or could be sold to the mortgages trustee, either as part of the portfolio as at a closing date or as a new loan sold to the mortgages trustee at a later date.
The loans in the expected portfolio will be originated by the seller between the dates set out in the relevant prospectus supplement. No loan in the portfolio will be delinquent or non-performing at the time it is sold to the mortgages trustee.
The seller may sell new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee from time to time. The seller reserves the right to amend its lending criteria and to sell to the mortgages trustee new loans which are based upon mortgage terms different from those upon which loans forming the portfolio as at any date are based. Those new loans may include loans which are currently being offered to borrowers which may or may not have some of the characteristics described here, but
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may also include loans with other characteristics that are not currently being offered to borrowers or that have not yet been developed. All new loans will be required to comply with the representations and warranties set out in the mortgage sale agreement from time to time. All the material representations and warranties in the mortgage sale agreement as at the programme date are described in this prospectus. See “Sale of the loans and their related security – Representations and warranties” below.
Characteristics of the loans |
Loans are typically repayable on one of the following bases:
| • | repayment: the borrower makes monthly payments of both interest and principal so that, when the loan matures, the full amount of the principal of the loan will have been repaid; |
| • | interest-only: the borrower makes monthly payments of interest but not of principal so that, when the loan matures, the entire principal amount of the loan is still outstanding and is payable in one lump sum; or |
| • | a combination of both these options. |
In the case of either repayment loans or interest-only loans, the required monthly payment may alter from month to month for various reasons, including changes in interest rates.
For interest-only loans (other than products offered by the seller which are known as Retirement Home Plan loans), because the principal is repaid in a lump sum at the maturity of the loan, the borrower is advised to have some repayment mechanism (such as an investment plan) which is intended to provide sufficient funds to repay the principal at the end of the term.
Principal prepayments may be made in whole or in part at any time during the term of a loan, subject to the payment of any repayment fees (as described in “– Repayment fees” below). A prepayment of the entire outstanding balance of all loans under a mortgage account discharges the mortgage. Any prepayment in full must be made together with all accrued interest, arrears of interest, any unpaid expenses and any applicable repayment fee(s).
Various methods are available to borrowers for making payments on the loans, including:
| • | Halifax Payment Plan (HPP), where the borrower pays the monthly payments using an internal transfer from a Halifax current account or other account the borrower may have with the seller; |
| • | direct debit (DDR) instruction from another bank or building society account; |
| • | external standing order from another bank or building society account; |
| • | internal standing order from an account at Halifax; and |
| • | payments made at a Halifax branch. |
HPP and DDR are the only permitted payment methods for new loan applications.
Interest payments and interest rate setting |
The seller has responded to the competitive mortgage market by developing a range of products with special features that are used to attract new borrowers and retain existing customers. The seller currently offers the following special rate loans and is able to combine these to suit the requirements of the borrower:
| • | discounted variable rate loans, which allow the borrower to pay interest at a specified discount to one of the variable base rates; |
| • | fixed rate loans, which are subject to a fixed rate of interest; and |
| • | tracker rate loans, which are subject to a variable interest rate other than the variable base rate, for example, the rate may be set at a fixed margin above or below rates set by the Bank of England. |
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Each of the above special rates is offered for a predetermined period, usually between one and five years, at the commencement of the loan (the product period). At the end of the product period the rate of interest charged will either: (a) move to some other interest rate type for a predetermined period; or (b) revert to, or remain at, a variable base rate of interest (the variable base rate), which is administered, at the discretion of the seller, by reference to the general level of interest rates and competitive forces in the UK mortgage market. In certain instances, early repayment fees are payable by the borrower if the loan is redeemed within the product period. See “– Repayment fees” below.
In addition, the seller has in the past offered:
| • | “added rate loans”, where the borrower pays interest at a margin above the variable base rate. Although these products are not currently offered by the seller, some added rate loans may be included in the portfolio as at the programme date; and |
| • | “capped rate loans”, where the borrower pays interest equal to the seller’s variable base rate (or, as the case may be, the tracker rate), but where the interest rate cannot exceed a predetermined level or cap. |
Capped rate loans are not included in the portfolio, however, if they are included in the future such inclusion will be disclosed in the prospectus supplement.
Loans may combine one or more of the features listed in this section. Other customer incentives may be offered with the product including cashback, free valuations and payment of legal fees. Additional features such as payment holidays (temporary suspension of monthly payments) and the ability to make overpayments or underpayments are also available to most borrowers. See “– Overpayments and underpayments” and “– Payment holidays” below. In respect of the tracker rate loans where the tracker rate feature lasts for a specified period of time, after the expiration of that period interest on the tracker rate loan will be charged at the variable base rate that applies to the mortgage account unless the seller agrees to continue the tracker rate loan or to allow the borrower to switch to a different product. On tracker rate loans originated after November 2002, Halifax may vary the tracker rate margin at any time where such variation would be to the borrower’s advantage. Halifax may also vary the margin payable on such loans to the borrower’s disadvantage, but only if the tracker base rate (as calculated by reference to the Bank of England repo rate) is below 3 per cent. per annum. The changes that the seller may make to the tracker rate margin may be more or less than the amount by which the Bank of England repo rate has fallen. All relevant borrowers are given advance notification of any such variation. A borrower with a tracker rate loan which is subject to a repayment fee may, within three months of a variation which is disadvantageous, repay that loan without having to pay an early repayment fee. If the seller makes a change in the tracker rate margin to the borrower’s disadvantage while the repo rate is below 3 per cent. and it subsequently increases to 3 per cent. or above, the changed margin will continue to apply (unless the tracker rate margin is changed again). The features that apply to a particular l oan are specified in the mortgage conditions (as varied from time to time) and loan agreement.
From 1 March 2001 until 31 January 2002, all new mortgage loans sold under the Halifax brand were subject to a second variable base rate (HVR 2) instead of the existing variable base rate (HVR 1) at the end of the predetermined product period. Existing Halifax borrowers were in some circumstances able to transfer to HVR 2, subject to the terms and conditions of their existing loan and to the borrower entering a deed of variation to vary the terms of the existing loan.
Following the Ombudsman’s determination referred to in “Risk factors – Decisions of the Ombudsman could lead to some terms of the loans being varied, which may adversely affect payments on the notes” above, Halifax announced that from 1 February 2002 all new Halifax mortgage products would be priced by reference to or revert to HVR 1. HVR 2 continues to apply to existing mortgages that are linked to HVR 2. The mortgages trust includes flexible loans, which are priced by reference to another variable interest rate, the Halifax flexible variable rate. The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the current rates for HVR 1, HVR 2, the Halifax flexible variable rate or any other applicable rate.
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In addition, from 1 March 2001, all new Halifax branded mortgages have featured interest calculated on a daily basis rather than on an annual basis. Any payment by the borrower will reduce the borrower’s balance on which interest will be calculated the following day. Prior to this date, most but not all Halifax branded mortgage products had carried interest calculated on an annual basis. Borrowers with existing loans on which interest is calculated on an annual basis are in some circumstances able to change and have their interest calculated on a daily basis, subject to the terms and conditions of their existing loan and to the borrower entering a deed of variation to vary the terms of the existing loan.
The seller may change the interest rate, by giving the borrowers notice, on any part of the loan, unless otherwise agreed in the loan agreement and subject to certain restrictions set forth in the loan agreement. The seller may change the interest rate by altering the base rate or, if permitted in the loan agreement, altering the tracker rate margin (as described above) or charging an added rate. An added rate of not more than 2 per cent. may be charged if the borrower has let the property, changed the use of the property or it has become more difficult for the seller to exercise its powers over the property. The seller may also change the borrower’s monthly payments, the repayment period and the accounting period by giving the borrower’s notice. In the case of special rate loans, the seller may cancel the special rate under certain circumstances specified in the loan agreement.
Except in limited circumstances as set out in “The servicing agreement – Undertakings by the servicer” below, the servicer is responsible for setting the mortgages trustee variable base rate on the loans in the portfolio as well as on any new loans that are sold to the mortgages trustee. The mortgage conditions applicable to all of the variable rate loans provide that the variable base rate may only be varied in accordance with a number of reasons that are specified in the mortgage conditions. These reasons include:
| • | to reflect changes in the cost of funds used by the seller in its mortgage lending business; |
| • | to reflect a change in the general practice of mortgage lenders; |
| • | to reflect changes in the way the seller administers its mortgage accounts; |
| • | to reflect any regulatory requirements or guidance or any change in the law or decision or recommendation by a court or an ombudsman; or |
| • | to reflect changes to the way that the property over which the mortgage is granted is used or occupied. |
In respect of the variable rate loans with these mortgage conditions, the servicer may also change the mortgages trustee variable base rate for any other valid reason. In maintaining, determining or setting the mortgages trustee variable base rate, the servicer will apply the factors set out here and, except in limited circumstances as set out in “The servicing agreement – Undertakings by the servicer” below, has undertaken to maintain, determine or set the mortgages trustee variable base rate at a rate which is not higher than the Halifax variable base rate from time to time.
If applicable, the servicer will also be responsible for setting any variable margins in respect of new tracker rate loans that are sold to the mortgages trustee in the future. However, in maintaining, determining or setting these variable margins, except in the limited circumstances as set out in “The servicing agreement – Undertakings by the servicer” below, the servicer has undertaken to maintain, determine or set the variable margins at a level which is not higher than the variable margins set in accordance with the seller’s policy from time to time. The seller has a variable base rate cap whereby it has limited its variable base rates to no more than 2 per cent. above the Bank of England base rate at any time. The seller may vary the 2 per cent. limit but, prior to doing so, will give 30 days’ notice to borrowers who pay interest at a variable base rate, a discounted rate or an added rate and are subject to a repayment fee. Th ose borrowers will then have three months to repay their mortgage if they so require without incurring the repayment fee (this does not apply to borrowers who pay interest at a fixed, capped or tracker rate).
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The borrower may be required to pay an early repayment charge if certain events occur during the predetermined product period and the loan agreement states that the borrower is liable for early repayment charges. The seller also offered some products in the past with early repayment charge periods that extended beyond the product period. Although these types of products are not currently offered to new borrowers, some are included in the portfolio as at the programme date. These events include a full or partial unscheduled repayment of principal or an agreement between the seller and the borrower to switch to a different mortgage product. If all or part of the principal owed by the borrower, other than the scheduled monthly payments, is repaid before the end of the product period, the borrower will be liable to pay to the seller all or part of the early repayment charge based on the amount of principal borrowed at the outset of the mortgage (if a mortgage is rede emed in part, then a proportionate part of the early repayment charge set out in the loan offer is payable). If the borrower has more than one product attached to the mortgage, the borrower may choose under which product the principal should be allocated.
The seller currently permits borrowers to repay up to 10 per cent. of the amount outstanding on a mortgage in addition to scheduled repayments in any one year without having to pay an early repayment charge, though the seller may withdraw this concession at its discretion. The seller currently has a policy not to charge the early repayment charge in certain circumstances, for example, if the repayment is due to the death of the borrower.
If the seller changes the borrower’s marginal interest rate or the rate by which the variable base rate cap exceeds the Bank of England base rate to the borrower’s disadvantage and the loan is subject to an early repayment charge, the borrower may repay the mortgage debt in full within three months of receiving notice of the change without being charged the early repayment charge.
The mortgages trustee has agreed to pay back to the seller any early repayment charges received on the loan, so any sums received will be for the seller’s account and not for the account of the mortgages trustee.
Some of the loans offered by the seller include a cashback, under which the borrower is offered a sum of money usually paid on completion of the loan. The incentive may take the form of a fixed amount, a percentage of the loan amount or a combination of the two. Where any loan is subject to a cashback, if there is an unscheduled principal repayment or a product switch (as described in “– Product switches” below), in either case before a date specified in the agreement, then an early repayment charge may be repayable by the borrower.
Some mortgage products do not include any provisions for the payment of an early repayment charge by the borrower.
Overpayments and underpayments |
Borrowers with interest calculated annually who pay more than the scheduled monthly payment will have the benefit of an interest adjustment on the amount overpaid. This will only be done in cases where the total overpayment in a month is £250 or more and the borrower has paid the normal required monthly payments due for the rest of the year. The seller will not make any adjustment to the interest charged in respect of the borrower’s normal monthly payments, but the borrower will be credited with interest at the rate of interest charged on the borrower’s mortgage. This concession may be withdrawn or changed by the seller. Borrowers may repay up to 10 per cent. of their loan each year without incurring a repayment fee.
If borrowers with daily calculations of interest pay more than the scheduled monthly payment, the balance on their mortgage account will be reduced. The seller will charge interest on the reduced balance, which reduces the amount of interest the borrower must pay.
Borrowers may underpay to the extent of previous overpayments.
Missed payments or underpayments are rolled up and added to the mortgage, and must be repaid over the remaining life of the mortgage unless it is otherwise agreed by the seller and the borrower to extend the mortgage term.
Any overpayments will be treated as prepayments of principal on the loans.
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This section does not apply to flexible loans (see “– Flexible loans” below).
The seller offers payment holidays, during which a borrower may suspend mortgage payments without penalty. This option may be exercised, upon the seller’s agreement, for a maximum of six months during the life of the mortgage. The payment holiday option does not include insurance premiums.
In order to qualify, the seller will perform a credit reference search and the mortgage cannot be more than two months in arrears when the payment holiday is applied for and no payment arrangement may be either currently in force or have been in force within the last six months. Additionally, at least three months must have elapsed since the date of the initial advance to the borrower. If a borrower’s account is more than two months in arrears, the seller will automatically reject the payment holiday application.
Furthermore, an applicant can neither be currently applying for, or in receipt of, income support, nor in receipt of amounts to pay the mortgage under a mortgage repayments insurance policy at the time of the application, nor have a current payment arrangement or have had one within the last six months with the seller on their loan. The applicant may not borrow any further money from the seller during the course of the payment holiday.
Payments deferred under the payment holiday programme are rolled up and added to the mortgage and must be repaid over the remaining life of the mortgage, unless the seller and the borrower agree to amend the mortgage term. The seller will provide the borrower with a new scheduled monthly payment based on the new amount owed. The total debt accumulated must not exceed 97 per cent. of the value of the property and must comply with the seller’s normal lending limits. The borrower may make overpayments (subject to terms and conditions) to pay off their debt sooner. The payment holiday does not include buildings and contents insurance premiums, mortgage repayment insurance premiums, life assurance or total mortgage protection premiums, nor can the mortgage be a building mortgage.
This section does not apply to flexible loans (see “– Flexible loans” below).
If a borrower wishes to borrow a further amount secured by the same mortgage, the borrower will need to make a further advance application and the seller will use the lending criteria applicable to further advances at that time in determining whether to approve the application. All further advances will be funded solely by the seller. Where the aggregate of the initial advance and the further advance is greater than 90 per cent. of the indexation value of the property, the seller will reassess the property’s value, by instructing a valuer, who may physically inspect the property. A new loan-to-value, or LTV, ratio will be calculated by dividing the aggregate of the outstanding amount and the further advance by the reassessed valuation. The seller reserves the right to re-underwrite the loans. The aggregate of the outstanding amount of the loan and the further advance may be greater than the original amount of the loan. However, no loans will be sold to the m ortgages trustee where the LTV ratio at the time of origination or further advance is in excess of 97 per cent.
In certain instances the further advance may be granted subject to the completion of improvements, alterations or repairs to the property. The seller reserves the right to confirm the completion of the work, either through an inspection of the improvement bills or a physical inspection of the property.
In addition, the seller offers a further advance product called the home cash reserve, which is a facility linked to a borrower’s mortgage whereby a borrower may draw additional funds from time to time. A borrower must have had a Halifax mortgage for a minimum of three months to qualify for the home cash reserve. Where originated by the seller before 31 October 2004, the total amount of the facility must not be less than £25,005. Borrowers must draw down amounts of at least £1,000 at a time. Funds drawn down under the home cash reserve are added to the loan. No redraw facility is available under the home cash reserve.
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Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, none of the loans in an expected portfolio obliges the seller to make further advances save for retentions and home cash reserve withdrawals. However, some loans in an expected portfolio may have further advances made on them prior to their being sold to the mortgages trustee and new loans added to the portfolio in the future may have had further advances made on them prior to that time.
If a loan is subject to a further advance, the seller will be required to repurchase the loan under the relevant mortgage account and its related security from the mortgages trustee unless the relevant loan is in arrears (although making further advances to borrowers in arrears is not in the normal course of the seller’s business), in which case no repurchase will be required.
This section does not apply to flexible loans (see “– Flexible loans” below).
Certain loans originated by the seller after 31 October 2004 included in the portfolio are subject to a range of options available for selection by the borrower, giving the borrower greater flexibility in the timing and amount of payments made under the loan as well as access to pre-approved further advances under the loan (flexible loans). These flexible loans may be discounted variable rate loans, capped rate loans or tracker rate loans and offer the optional features described below, subject to certain conditions and financial limits. Each borrower of a flexible loan is subject to an agreement which sets out a credit limit and the terms and conditions of the pre-approved further advances available to the borrower. The availability of the flexible loan options is generally limited to the available reserve, which in broad terms at any time is the difference between the credit limit and the amount of the outstanding debt at that time.
Flexible loans include the following flexible options, which may be exercised in any combination, all subject to certain conditions and financial limits. In general, the flexible options impose fewer conditions and restrictions than those referred to under “– Overpayments and underpayments”, “– Payment holidays” and “– Further advances” above and those sections do not apply to flexible loans.
Overpayments. Borrowers may increase their regular monthly payments above the normal monthly payment then applicable at any time.
Underpayments. Borrowers may reduce their monthly payments below the amount of the applicable normal monthly payment. The amount underpaid cannot exceed six normal monthly payments in any twelve month period or have the effect of the borrower not paying the normal monthly payment for six consecutive months.
Payment holidays. Borrowers may stop monthly payments for up to six months in any twelve month period.
Lump-sum payments. Borrowers may repay all or part of the loan at any time.
Drawdown. Borrowers may borrow further amounts, subject to a minimum amount of £250 (unless the available reserve is less than £250 in which case the borrower may borrow such lesser amount).
The terms and conditions of the flexible loans provide that:
| • | the flexible options will be available after the first monthly payment has been made; |
| • | the borrower must inform the seller that it wishes to exercise the underpayment, payment holidays or overpayment options one month before the borrower wishes to exercise the relevant flexible option; |
| • | amounts repaid under the flexible options agreement may be redrawn at any time using any available options; |
| • | the borrower may not exceed the available reserve set out in the flexible options agreement; and |
| • | the amount underpaid by the borrower by exercising the underpayment and/or the payment holidays options may not exceed six normal monthly payments in any twelve month period. |
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In addition to the above restrictions, the seller has the right to reduce the available reserve to zero where: (a) an event requiring the immediate repayment of the debt (as set out in the applicable terms and conditions) occurs; (b) the borrower’s financial circumstances change adversely; (c) the value of the security granted by the borrower for the debt is reduced such that part of the debt is unsecured; (d) the seller obtains adverse information about the borrower from a credit reference agency or from any fraud prevention register or from its dealings with the borrower and the seller reasonably considers that the available reserve should be reduced or withdrawn to protect its interests under the flexible options agreement; or (e) a borrower dies and the seller reasonably considers that the financial resources available to the borrower’s personal representatives or (as the case may be) the surviving joint-borrower are not sufficient to support furthe r borrowing up to the existing available reserve. If the available reserve is withdrawn, the payment holidays, underpayment and/or drawdown options will cease to be available and any unused part of the available reserve will not be able to be utilised.
The maximum total borrowing under a flexible loan is limited to 90 per cent. of the original property value (or of a later revaluation in the event a borrower subsequently transfers to a flexible product), subject to a lower limit if a borrower’s maximum loan affordability is lower than this amount.
From time to time borrowers may request or the servicer may send an offer of a variation in the financial terms and conditions applicable to the borrower’s loan. However, as described in “Risk factors – Failure by the seller or any servicer to hold relevant authorisations and permissions under FSMA in relation to regulated mortgage contracts may have an adverse effect on enforceability of mortgage contracts”, no variation or product switch will be made in relation to a loan where it would result in Funding 1, Funding 2 or the mortgages trustee arranging or advising in respect of, administering (servicing) or entering into a regulated mortgage contract or agreeing to carry on any of these activities, if Funding 1, Funding 2 or the mortgages trustee would be required to be authorised under the FSMA to do so. In limited circumstances, if a loan is subject to a product switch as a result of a variation, then the seller will be required to r epurchase the loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security from the mortgages trustee, unless the relevant loan is in arrears (in which case no repurchase will be required). Those limited circumstances are that as at the relevant date, any of the conditions precedent to the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee as described in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” below has not been satisfied. From the date when those conditions precedent have been satisfied, then a loan that has been subject to a product switch will not be so repurchased by the seller. See further “Risk factors – In limited circumstances, loans subject to product switches will be repurchased by the seller from the mortgages trustee, which will affect the prepayment rate of the loans and this may affect the yield to maturity of the notes” above and “Sale of the loans and their related security” below.
The seller currently derives its mortgage-lending business from the following sources: through the Halifax branch network (including the Bank of Scotland branch network) throughout the United Kingdom (including Halifax estate agency branches), through intermediaries, through internet applications and from telephone sales. The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the percentage of loans in the expected portfolio originated directly by Halifax (including through the branch network and telesales), originated through intermediaries and originated through other channels.
Under the Halifax Mortgage Promise, the seller can provide customers with an agreement in principle to lend almost immediately upon application. In May 2000, the seller launched the Halifax Mortgage Promise online. In June 2000, the seller launched Mortgage Enquirer, allowing customers to view the progress of their mortgage application via the internet and selected intermediaries to view their portfolio of customers’ applications.
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The seller is subject to FSMA (and other FSA rules), MCOB and the Financial Ombudsman Service, which is a statutory scheme under the FSMA, and follows the Code of Banking Practice. The seller has pledged its support for regulation of the UK mortgage industry by the FSA and, in particular, the implementation of CAT marked loans. CAT is a voluntary UK Government standard that was introduced for mortgages in 2000. The CAT mark indicates that the product meets minimum standards for charges, access and terms.
Mortgages in the portfolio may be extended to borrowers in connection with the purchase by those borrowers of properties from local authorities or certain other landlords (each, a landlord) under the “right-to buy” schemes governed by the Housing Act 1985 (as amended by the Housing Act 2004) or (as applicable) the Housing (Scotland) Act 1987 (as amended by the Housing (Scotland) Act 2001). Properties sold under these schemes are sold by the landlords at a discount to market value calculated in accordance with the Housing Act 1985 (as amended) or (as applicable) the Housing (Scotland) Act 1987 (as amended). A purchaser under these schemes must, if he sells the property within three years (or in cases where the right to buy was exercised in relation to properties in England and Wales after 18 January 2005, five years) (the RTB disposal period), repay a proportion of the discount he received or, in England and Wales only, the resale price (the resale share) to the landlord. The landlord obtains a statutory charge (or, in Scotland, a standard security) over the property in respect of the contingent liability of the purchaser under the relevant scheme to repay the resale share. In England and Wales, the statutory charge ranks senior to other charges, including that of any mortgage lender, unless (i) the mortgage lender has extended the mortgage loan to the purchaser for the purpose of enabling him to exercise the right to buy or for “approved purposes” under the scheme (including refinancing loans made for the purpose of enabling the exercise of the right to buy and repair works to the property) and is an approved lending institution for the purposes of the Housing Act 1985 or (ii) the relevant local authority issues a deed of postponement postponing its statutory charge to that of a mortgage lender. In the case of loans made for approved purposes, the statutory charge is only postponed if the relevant landlord agrees to the postponement but the relevant legislation obliges the landlord to agree to the postponement. However, in practice the lender will need to provide evidence to the relevant landlord as to whether the loan was made for approved purposes. In Scotland, where the landlord secures the contingent liability to repay the resale share, the standard security will, notwithstanding the usual statutory ranking provisions, have priority immediately after any standard security granted in security of a loan either to purchase or improve the relevant property plus interest and expenses and, if the landlord consents, a standard security over the relevant property securing any other loan. The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the percentage of mortgages in an expected portfolio that are subject to right-to-buy schemes.
The seller is an approved lending institution under the Housing Act 1985. The seller will, in the mortgage sale agreement, warrant that all mortgages or standard securities originated by it were made to the person exercising the right to buy for that purpose or other approved purposes (save where a deed of postponement has been entered into by the relevant landlord) and have (or the seller has the evidence necessary to ensure that the mortgages will have) priority over any statutory charge or standard security in favour of the relevant landlord, save in cases where the loan is made at a time where there is no more than one year remaining of the RTB disposal period (in which case, the seller’s view is that if it has to enforce, it is likely that the RTB disposal period will have expired by the time it sells the relevant property so the statutory charge or standard security will have ceased to subsist) or where adequate insurance is in place.
The seller usually obtains the relevant landlord’s approval for loans for “approved purposes” retrospectively rather than in advance of making a loan because of the delays inherent in seeking that approval. Until that approval is given, the relevant advance ranks (in England and Wales) behind the statutory charge. In the case of remortgages, borrowers may in the future be offered the option of paying for insurance cover to benefit the seller in relation to the risk that a remortgage loan does not have full priority to the statutory charge, rather than paying the administrative costs of obtaining the relevant landlord’s approval for the postponement of the statutory charge to the remortgage.
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Amendments to the Housing Act 1985 introduced by the Housing Act 2004 give the relevant landlord a right of first refusal should the relevant property be disposed of within the first ten years following the exercise of the right to buy (when the right to buy is exercised after 18 January 2005). The consideration payable by the relevant landlord is the value of the property determined, in the absence of agreement between the landlord and the owner, by the district valuer. This right of first refusal may add to the time it takes to dispose of a property where the seller enforces its security, and the district valuer may determine that the value of the property is lower than that the seller believes is available in the market.
Traditionally, the seller’s decision whether to underwrite or not underwrite a loan has been made by underwriters in one of the seller’s business centres, who liaise with the intermediaries and sales staff in the branch network. Each underwriter must undertake a training programme conducted by the seller to gain the authority to approve loans. The seller has established various levels of authority for its underwriters who approve loan applications. The levels are differentiated by, among other things, degree of risk and the ratio of the loan amount to the value of the property in the relevant application. An underwriter wishing to move to the next level of authority must undertake further training.
During 2001, the seller introduced a new automated system whereby the majority of mortgages are underwritten at the point of sale and do not make use of the traditional system of full evaluation by an underwriter. Those mortgages qualifying for point-of-sale underwriting remain subject to the seller’s underwriting policies, lending criteria and internal procedures for compliance with government regulations, such as those concerning money laundering.
All mortgage underwriting decisions, whether completed at the point of sale or in a servicing centre, are subject to internal monitoring by the seller in order to ensure the seller’s procedures and policies regarding underwriting are being followed by staff.
Each loan in the portfolio was originated according to the seller’s lending criteria applicable at the time the loan was offered, which included some or all of the criteria set out in this section. New loans may only be included in the portfolio if they are originated in accordance with the lending criteria applicable at the time the loan is offered and if the conditions set out in “Sale of the loans and their related security – Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” below have been satisfied. However, the seller retains the right to revise its lending criteria from time to time, so the criteria applicable to new loans may not be the same as those currently used. Some of the factors currently used in making a lending decision are as follows.
Properties may be either freehold or the Scottish equivalent or leasehold. In the case of leasehold properties, the seller will normally require the lease to have an unexpired term of at least 30 years at the end of the mortgage term, although this can be reduced to 10 years under certain circumstances. The property must be used solely for residential purposes (with extremely limited case-by-case exceptions) and must be in sound structural condition and repair or be capable of being put into such state. House boats, mobile homes and any property on which buildings insurance cannot be arranged are not acceptable. All persons who are to be legal owners of the property on completion must be borrowers under the mortgage.
All properties have been valued by a valuer approved by the seller or, where appropriate, according to a methodology which would meet the standards of a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender (as referred to under “The servicing agreement – Undertakings by the servicer” below) and which has been approved by the seller.
There is no minimum term on home purchase loans and the current maximum term is 40 years for all loans. A repayment period for a new further advance that would extend beyond the
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term of the original advance may also be accepted at the seller’s discretion, subject to the following:
| • | the consent of any subsequent lender or guarantor to the further advance; |
| • | the seller may in its discretion extend the period of the original advance, provided that, in the case of all leasehold properties, not less than 30 years (or 10 years in certain circumstances) of the lease must be left unexpired at the end of the term of the mortgage; and |
| • | the approval of the valuers is required where the valuer has previously recommended a term which is shorter than the maximum loan terms referred to above. |
| If the customer requests to increase the term of the existing loan, the total term from the start date of the account must not exceed 40 years. |
All borrowers must be aged 18 or over. There is no maximum age limit. However, if the term of the mortgage extends into retirement, the seller will attempt to ascertain the borrower’s anticipated income in retirement. If the seller determines the borrower will not be able to afford the mortgage into retirement, the application will be declined. If the borrower is already retired, the seller will consider the borrower’s ability to support the loan.
(4) | Loan-to-value (or LTV) ratio |
The maximum original LTV ratio of loans in each expected portfolio will be 97 per cent. For properties of £250,000 or less, the seller may currently lend up to 97 per cent. of the improved valuation of the property (the original valuation plus the increase in value deriving from any improvements). For properties in excess of £250,000, the permissible LTV ratio decreases as the property value increases. The seller does not provide loans in excess of 100 per cent. of the sum of the purchase price and the increase in value deriving from any improvements.
All lending for new purchases is based on a maximum of 97 per cent. of value, provided that this does not exceed 100 per cent. of the purchase price. For example, if the value of a property was £100,000 and the purchase price was £97,000, the maximum that the seller would lend is £97,000.
(5) | Mortgage indemnity guarantee policies and high LTV fees |
Borrowers are currently required to pay high LTV fees to the seller for each mortgage account where the aggregate of the outstanding principal balance of the relevant loan(s) at origination (excluding any capitalised high LTV fees and/or booking fees and/or valuation fees) exceeds certain specified percentages.
If the LTV ratio exceeds 90 per cent., the borrower pays high LTV fees based on the difference between the actual LTV ratio and a 75 per cent. LTV ratio.
Prior to 1 January 2001, the seller required cover under mortgage indemnity guarantee, or MIG, policies for mortgages where the LTV ratio exceeded 75 per cent., though during 1999 and 2000 the seller paid the premium for the MIG cover if the LTV ratio was between 75 per cent. and 90 per cent. The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the percentage, if any, of loans in the expected portfolio covered by MIG policies. Since 1 January 2001, the seller has not required cover under MIG policies for any loans. See “– Insurance policies – Mortgage indemnity guarantee (MIG) policies and high LTV fees” below.
(6) | Status of applicant(s) |
The maximum aggregate loan amount under a mortgage account is determined by the application of an affordability model. This model delivers an individualised result that reflects the applicant’s net income, existing credit commitments and burden of family expenditure. The model also calculates the full debt servicing cost at a stressed rate of interest before comparing this cost to the net disposable income that the applicant has available. The credit score also influences the decision of how much to lend using the principle that high credit scores infer a demonstrated ability to manage financial affairs. The seller maintains rules on the amount of variable income (overtime, bonus, commission) that it will allow into the model and as a general rule will allow no more than
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60 per cent. of these items. Benefit payments are allowed (including tax credits) as these quite often compensate for the taxation and National Insurance deductions that would normally cause lower levels of income to fall below minimum wage levels. This model returns “answers” of zero up to amounts that would equate to over five times income. Regardless, the seller maintains a policy rule that it will not lend more than an amount equal to five times income.
In cases where a single borrower is attempting to have the seller take a secondary income into account, the seller will consider the sustainability of the borrower’s work hours, the similarity of the jobs and/or skills, the commuting time and distance between the jobs, the length of employment at both positions and whether the salary is consistent with the type of employment. The seller will determine, after assessing the above factors, if it is appropriate to use both incomes. If so, both incomes will be used as part of the normal income calculation.
When there are two applicants, the seller adds joint incomes together for the purpose of calculating the applicants’ total income. The seller may at its discretion consider the income of one additional applicant as well, but only a maximum rate of one times that income.
Positive proof of the borrower’s identity and address must be established. In exceptional circumstances this requirement can be waived (provided money laundering regulations are complied with), but the reasons for doing so must be fully documented.
The seller may exercise discretion within its lending criteria in applying those factors that are used to determine the maximum amount of the loan(s). Accordingly, these parameters may vary for some loans. The seller may take the following into account when exercising discretion: credit score result, existing customer relationship, percentage of LTV, stability of employment and career progression, availability of living allowances and/or mortgage subsidy from the employer, employer’s standing, regularity of overtime, bonus or commission (up to a maximum of 60 per cent. of the income), credit commitments, quality of security (such as type of property, repairs, location or saleability) and the increase in income needed to support the loan.
The seller may not exercise discretion where it is lending over 95 per cent. of value or the borrower’s credit score falls within the bottom scorecard pass category or indeed fails the credit score. There is an exception from this policy for existing Halifax mortgage customers who are moving home and the seller’s overall position is improved.
| | A credit search is carried out in respect of all applicants. Applications may be declined where an adverse credit history (for example, county court judgment, Scottish court decree for payment, default or bankruptcy notice) is revealed or the score does not meet the required risk/reward trade-off. |
| (b) | First time buyers/applicants in rented accommodation |
| | Where applicants currently reside in rented accommodation, the seller may seek a landlord’s reference or sight of a bank statement or rent record book. |
| | A bank reference may be sought or the applicant may be required to provide bank statements in support of his or her application. |
The seller uses some of the criteria described here and various other criteria to produce an overall score for the application that reflects a statistical analysis of the risk of advancing the loan. The lending policies and processes are determined centrally to ensure consistency in the management and monitoring of credit risk exposure. Full use is made of software technology in credit scoring new applications. Credit scoring applies statistical analysis to credit reference agency data (some of which is publicly available data) and customer-provided data to assess the likelihood of an account going into arrears.
The seller reserves the right to decline an application that has received a passing score. The seller does have an appeals process if a potential borrower believes his or her application has been
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unfairly denied. It is the seller’s policy to allow only authorised individuals to exercise discretion in granting variances from the scorecard.
Changes to the underwriting policies and the lending criteria |
The seller’s underwriting policies and lending criteria are subject to change within the seller’s sole discretion. New loans and further advances that are originated under lending criteria that are different from the criteria set out here may be sold to the mortgages trustee.
Neither the issuing entity nor the seller will revalue (a) any of the mortgaged properties in the portfolio or (b) any new mortgages which are to be sold into the mortgages trust from time to time, for the purposes of any issuance under the programme.
Insurance on the property |
A borrower is required to insure the mortgaged property with buildings insurance. The insurance may be purchased through the seller or, alternatively, the borrower or landlord (in the case of a leasehold property) may arrange for the buildings insurance independently. In either case, the borrower must ensure that the buildings insurance payments are kept up to date.
If the borrower does not insure the property, or insures the property but violates a provision of the insurance contract, the seller will upon becoming aware of the same insure the property itself, in which case the seller may determine who the insurer will be, what will be covered by the policy, the amount of the sum insured and any excess. The borrower will be responsible for the payment of insurance premiums. The seller retains the right to settle all insurance claims on reasonable terms without the borrower’s consent.
If the buildings insurance is purchased by the borrower through the seller, the seller will arrange the insurance through Halifax General Insurance Services Limited. The premiums paid by the borrower will be calculated on a number of factors including, for example, the location of the borrower’s residence, the type, age and use of the borrower’s property and the borrower’s past claims history. The borrower will have the option of paying the premium as a lump sum or over a 12-month period with the borrower’s monthly mortgage payments. If paid monthly, interest will be charged. Any unpaid premiums will be added directly to the loan and interest charged. The policy will be automatically renewed each year. The seller will provide cover from the date the purchase contracts for a property are exchanged or concluded; if the borrower already owns the property, cover will start on the date that the borrower’s mortgage is completed.
The borrower must ensure that nothing occurs which reduces the risk coverage or the amount of the sum insured, increases the premiums or the excess, prevents or hinders any claim from being settled in full or renders the insurance invalid. On newly originated loans, the conveyancer will advise the customer in writing of the need to ensure that adequate insurance cover is in place.
The buildings insurance available through the seller does not cover the contents of the borrower’s home. Contents insurance can be arranged by the seller at the same time through Halifax General Insurance Services Limited on a combined policy. Halifax General Insurance Services Limited does not underwrite the buildings or contents insurance itself, rather it acts as a broker and administrator for such policies. Prior to 1 January 2004, all buildings or contents insurance was underwritten by Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance plc (Royal & Sun Alliance). With effect on and from 1 January 2004, all new business or renewals is, or has been, underwritten by St Andrew’s Insurance plc (St Andrew’s Insurance).
In the event of a claim, the buildings are insured up to the full cost of rebuilding the property in the same form as before the damage occurred, including the costs of complying with local authority and other statutory requirements, professional fees and related costs. Standard policy conditions apply. Amounts paid under the insurance policy are generally utilised to fund the reinstatement of the property or, on very rare occasions, are otherwise paid to the seller to reduce the amount of the loan(s). In the latter circumstance, all insurance cover will be removed.
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In the servicing agreement, the seller, acting in its capacity as the servicer, has also agreed to deal with claims under the Halifax policies in accordance with its normal procedures. If the seller, acting in its capacity as the servicer, receives any claim proceeds relating to a loan which has been sold to the mortgages trustee, these will be required to be paid into the mortgages trustee’s GIC account rather than the seller’s account.
Borrower-arranged buildings insurance |
A borrower may elect not to take up a Halifax policy or a borrower who originally had a Halifax policy may elect to insure the property with an independent insurer. The seller requires that any borrower-arranged insurance policy be drawn in the joint names of the seller and all of the applicants and be maintained in their joint names for the duration of the mortgage. If this is not possible, for example because the property is leasehold and the lease provides for the landlord to insure, the borrower must arrange for the seller’s interest to be noted on the landlord’s policy. The seller also requires that the sum insured be for an amount not less than the full reinstatement value of the property and be reviewed annually, that the borrower inform the seller of any damage to the property that occurs and that the borrower make a claim under the insurance for any damages covered by it unless the borrower makes good the damage.
If the borrower fails to maintain the existing insurance cover over his or her property or wishes to change insurance providers, the borrower must contact the seller and provide the details of any new insurance cover he or she has taken out. Otherwise, the seller will arrange buildings insurance for the property and debit the insurance premium amount to the borrower’s account.
Mortgage protection plans |
The seller currently offers borrowers the option to purchase a Total Mortgage Protection Plan (TMPP). A TMPP can protect the borrower’s monthly mortgage payments in the event of death, unemployment, accident, sickness, critical illness or the borrower leaving work to become a full time carer for a relative. The borrower may choose the types and amount of cover that is needed up to a maximum of £250,000 combined life and critical illness cover and may change the plan details at any time subject to acceptance terms and eligibility. The borrower’s premiums are paid monthly in advance by direct debit separate from the monthly mortgage payments. The seller has also offered mortgage repayments insurance in the past, underwritten by Halifax Insurance Ireland Limited from 2 January 2001 and by General Electric Financial Insurance before that date. Existing mortgage repayment insurance policies will continue unless a borrower requests to change to a TMPP.
Properties in possession cover |
When a mortgaged property is taken into possession by the seller and buildings insurance has been arranged through the seller, Halifax General Insurance Services Limited takes the necessary actions to ensure that the appropriate insurance cover is provided on the property. The seller may claim under this policy for any damage occurring to the property while in the seller’s possession.
When a mortgaged property is taken into possession by the seller and the borrower had arranged their own insurance, Halifax General Insurance Services Limited will take the necessary actions (within current risk appetite) to ensure that the appropriate insurance is provided.
To the extent that any proceeds are received by the servicer under such policy in respect of loans in the portfolio, the servicer has agreed to pay these into the mortgages trustee’s accounts. The seller, acting in its capacity as servicer, will make claims in accordance with the seller’s policy and pay proceeds relating to the loans into the mortgages trustee’s account.
In the mortgage sale agreement, the seller has agreed to make and enforce claims under the relevant policies and to hold the proceeds of claims on trust for the mortgages trustee or as the mortgages trustee may direct.
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, there will be no loans in the portfolio for which the underlying mortgages have the benefit of a title insurance policy. Inclusion of loans in the portfolio having the benefit of a title insurance policy will be subject to (among other things) the approval of the Funding 2 security trustee and the Funding 1 security
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trustee (acting in accordance with the controlling beneficiary deed and confirmation from each rating agency that inclusion of these loans will not cause the downgrade or withdrawal of the rating of any note or any Funding 1 note. Relevant representations and warranties will be given in relation to any title insurance policy each time that Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 pays the consideration for the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee.
Mortgage indemnity guarantee (MIG) policies and high LTV fees |
The seller currently requires borrowers to pay high LTV fees for loans made to borrowers that are over 90 per cent. of the property’s value. The seller currently does not use secondary cover, but collects high LTV fees from the relevant borrower itself, with the risk remaining on the seller’s balance sheet. The high LTV fees are charged to the borrower based on the difference between the actual LTV ratio and a 75 per cent. LTV ratio.
The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the percentage of mortgages in the expected portfolio that are subject to MIG policies arranged when the loan was originated by the seller. MIG policies are a type of agreement between a lender and an insurance company to underwrite the amount of each relevant mortgage account that exceeds a certain LTV ratio. Each MIG policy sets out a formula to calculate the limit of indemnity in respect of each mortgage covered by the MIG policy. See “ – Underwriting – Lending criteria – (5) Mortgage indemnity guarantee policies and high LTV fees” above. The seller previously contracted with GE Capital, General Accident, Halifax Mortgage Re Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of the seller, and Royal & Sun Alliance from 1 February 1996 until 31 May 1996. The seller then contracted with GE Capital, General Accident and Halifax Mortgage Re Ltd from 1 June 1996 until 31 December 1997. From 1 January 1998 until 31 December 2000, Halifax Mortgage Re Ltd was the seller’s sole MIG insurer. The seller stopped placing MIG policies as of 1 January 2001. During the 1996-2000 period, cover under a MIG policy was mandatory where the LTV ratio of a loan exceeded 75 per cent.
On 19 December 2001, the insurance business, including the MIG policies, of Halifax Mortgage Re Ltd was acquired by HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Limited by portfolio transfer. HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Limited was registered on 14 December 2001 as a protected cell company in accordance with provisions of the Guernsey Protected Cell Companies Ordinance 1997.
The insured under each MIG policy is the seller and in certain circumstances its relevant subsidiary. The seller has formally assigned, or will formally assign, its interest in each MIG policy contracted with HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Limited to the mortgages trustee to the extent that it relates to the loans from time to time comprised in the portfolio. Practically speaking, this has little effect on the way in which claims are made and paid under the policies as they continue to be administered by the seller acting in its capacity as the servicer. To the extent that claims relate to loans in the portfolio, their proceeds will be paid by the seller into the mortgages trustee’s GIC account and all other claims will be paid into the seller’s account.
Management of the seller believes that financial information relating to HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Limited is not material to an investor’s decision to purchase the notes. HBOS Insurance (PCC) Guernsey Limited is not rated by any nationally recognised statistical rating agency.
Each of the English loans is governed by English law and each of the Scottish loans is governed by Scots law.
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The servicer
Under the servicing agreement, Halifax plc has been appointed as the servicer of the loans. The day-to-day servicing of the loans is performed by the servicer in accordance with the servicing agreement through the servicer’s retail branches, telephone and customer service centres. The servicer’s registered office is Trinity Road, Halifax, West Yorkshire HX1 2RG, United Kingdom.
Basic information on the organisation and history of the servicer is set out in this prospectus under “Halifax plc” above. The servicer has been engaged in the servicing of residential mortgage loans originated by it since its founding in 1853. Statistical information regarding the recent size and growth of the portfolio of residential mortgage loans serviced by the servicer (all of which were originated by it) appears in the accompanying prospectus supplement under “Statistical information on the portfolio – Halifax plc residential mortgage loans”.
This section describes the servicer’s procedures in relation to loans generally. A description of the servicer’s obligation under the servicing agreement follows in the next section.
Servicing responsibilities and procedures include responding to customer enquiries, monitoring compliance with and servicing the loan features and facilities applicable to the loans and management of loans in arrears. See “The servicing agreement” below.
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the loans, borrowers must pay the monthly amount required under the terms and conditions of the loans on or before each monthly instalment due date, within the month they are due. Interest accrues in accordance with the terms and conditions of each loan and is collected from borrowers monthly.
In the case of variable rate loans, the servicer sets the mortgages trustee variable base rate and the margin applicable to any tracker rate loan on behalf of the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries, except in the limited circumstances as set out in the servicing agreement. In the case of some loans that are not payable at the mortgages trustee variable base rate, for example loans at a fixed rate, the borrower will continue to pay interest at the relevant fixed rate until the relevant period ends in accordance with the borrower’s offer conditions. After that period ends, and unless the servicer sends an offer of and the borrower accepts another option with an incentive, interest will be payable at the mortgages trustee variable base rate. In addition, some other types of loans are payable or may change so as to become payable by reference to other rates not under the control of the servicer, such as rates set by the Bank of England, which rates may also include a fixed or variable rate margin set by the servicer on behalf of the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries.
The servicer will take all steps necessary under the mortgage terms to notify borrowers of any change in the interest rates applicable to the loans, whether due to a change in the mortgages trustee variable base rate or any variable margin or as a consequence of any provisions of those mortgage terms.
Payments of interest and principal on repayment loans are payable monthly in arrear. Payments of interest on interest-only loans are paid in the month that they are due. The servicer is responsible for ensuring that all payments are made by the relevant borrower into the collection account and transferred into the mortgages trustee GIC account on a regular basis but in any event in the case of payments by direct debits no later than the next business day after they are deposited in the collection account. All amounts which are paid to the collection account will be held on trust by the seller for the seller and the mortgages trustee until they are transferred to the mortgages trustee GIC account. Payments from borrowers are generally made by direct debits from a suitable bank or building society account or through a Halifax banking account, although in some circumstances borrowers pay by cash, cheque or standing order.
The servicer initially credits the mortgages trustee GIC account with the full amount of the borrowers’ monthly payments. However, direct debits may be returned unpaid up to three days after the due date for payment and, under the Direct Debit Indemnity Scheme, a borrower may make a
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claim at any time to their bank for a refund of direct debit payments. In each case, the servicer is permitted to reclaim from the mortgages trustee GIC account the corresponding amounts previously credited. In these circumstances, the usual arrears procedures described in “– Arrears and default procedures” below will be taken.
From time to time, the seller reviews and updates its policies and procedures in relation to the servicing of the loans. Some of these changes are market-driven, for example in connection with the introduction of UK mortgage regulation under the FSMA on 31 October 2004. See “Risk factors – Failure by the seller or any servicer to hold relevant authorisations and permissions under FSMA in relation to regulated mortgage contracts may have an adverse effect on enforceability of mortgage contracts” above and “Risk factors – If a significant number of borrowers attempt to set off claims for damages based on contravention of an FSA rule against the amount owing by the borrower under a loan, there could be a material decrease in receipts to the issuing entity from the mortgages trust” above.
Other changes are driven by the seller reviewing its procedures and amending them to reflect current trading conditions. The following is an outline of such changes in the last three years which were material:
The seller’s arrears policy was amended to the position outlined under “– Arrears and default procedures” below. This approach allows the seller to focus attention on the loans with arrears where the risk associated is higher as a result of a higher LTV ratio, rather than treating all loans on the basis of the number of months in arrears regardless of degree of risk associated with the loan.
The seller’s affordability model, which calculates the maximum aggregate loan amount under a mortgage account in connection with the underwriting of new and further loans to customers, has been revised as described in “The loans – Underwriting – Lending criteria – (6) Status of applicant(s)” above. These revisions are intended to produce results which more accurately reflect the individual circumstances of a loan applicant, including among others, net income, existing credit commitments and family expenditures.
The seller has introduced a new type of mortgage product, the flexible loan, offering the features described in “The loans – Characteristics of the loans – Flexible loans” above.
Arrears and default procedures |
The servicer regularly provides the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries with written details of loans that are in arrears. A loan is identified as being in arrears where an amount equal to or greater than a full month’s contractual payment is past its due date. In general, the servicer attempts to collect all payments due under or in connection with the loans, having regard to the circumstances of the borrower in each case. Mortgage collection is conducted through payment collection departments located in Leeds and Romford. The servicer will work constructively with the borrower to agree a course of action. Collections and recovery interventions will be commensurate with the rate of deterioration and the borrower’s willingness to address the arrears as well as risk of default. Only as a last resort where all reasonable efforts have been applied in reaching an agreement with the borrower over the method of repaying the arrears is legal action considered. The servicer uses an automated collections system to collect and/or negotiate with the borrower through letter/telephone contact.
The servicer’s system tracks arrears and advances and calculates when an amount is in arrears. When arrears are first reported and are equal to or greater than £50 overdue (based on due date), the borrower is contacted and asked for payment of the arrears. An automated process exists in which the borrower is contacted through a series of letters and/or phone contacts with specific manual intervention at a certain stage commensurate with risk. Where manual intervention is required, the servicer’s personnel will decide on the next appropriate course of action. Where no contact has been made or no agreement has been reached, this could result in telephone contact via a dialer and/or the use of an external agent in an attempt to reach a solution with the borrower.
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The servicer’s employees responsible for settling arrears are trained in all collection and negotiation techniques.
Where considered appropriate, the servicer may enter into arrangements with the borrower regarding the arrears, including:
| • | arrangements to make each monthly payment as it falls due plus an additional amount to pay the arrears over a period of time; |
| • | arrangements to make each monthly payment as it falls due; |
| • | arrangements to pay only a portion of each monthly payment as it falls due; and |
| • | a deferment for an agreed period of time of all payments, including interest and principal or parts of any of them. |
Any arrangements may be varied from time to time at the discretion of the servicer, the primary aim being to rehabilitate the borrower and recover the situation.
For residential loans, legal proceedings do not usually commence until the arrears become at least four months overdue for high risk loans (loans of above 60 per cent. LTV) and six months overdue for lower risk loans (loans below or equal to 60 per cent. LTV). However, the servicer’s employees have discretion to commence earlier (but no sooner than 2 months in arrears) having due regard to the case history, reasonable attempts to find a solution, risk and type of lending. For very low risk loans, legal action may be delayed where appropriate to allow more time for recovery.
Once legal proceedings have commenced, the servicer or the servicer’s solicitor may send further letters to the borrower encouraging the borrower to enter into discussions to pay the arrears and may still enter into an arrangement with a borrower at any time prior to a court hearing. If a court order is made for payment and the borrower subsequently defaults in making the payment, then the servicer may take action as it considers appropriate, including entering into a further arrangement with the borrower. If the servicer applies to the court for an order for possession, the court has discretion as to whether it will grant the order.
After possession, the servicer may take action as it considers appropriate, including to:
| • | secure, maintain or protect the property and put it into a suitable condition for sale; |
| • | create (other than in Scotland) any estate or interest on the property, including a leasehold; and |
| • | dispose of the property (in whole or in part) or of any interest in the property, by auction, private sale or otherwise, for a price it considers appropriate. |
The servicer has discretion as to the timing of any of these actions, including whether to postpone the action for any period of time. The servicer may also carry out works on the property as it considers appropriate to maintain the market value of the property.
The servicer has discretion to deviate from these procedures. In particular, the servicer may deviate from these procedures where a borrower suffers from a mental or physical infirmity, is deceased or where the borrower is otherwise prevented from making payment due to causes beyond the borrower’s control. This is the case for both sole and joint borrowers.
It should also be noted that the lender’s ability to exercise its power of sale in respect of the property is dependent upon mandatory legal restrictions as to notice requirements. In addition, there may be factors outside the control of the lender, such as whether the borrower contests the sale and the market conditions at the time of sale, that may affect the length of time between the decision of the lender to exercise its power of sale and final completion of the sale.
It should also be noted that, in relation to Scottish mortgages, the Mortgage Rights (Scotland) Act 2001 confers upon the court a discretion (upon application by the borrower or other specified persons) to suspend the exercise of the lender’s statutory enforcement remedies for such period and to such extent as the court considers reasonable, having regard, among other factors, to the nature of the default, the applicant’s ability to remedy it and the availability of alternative accommodation. See “Material legal aspects of the loans – Scottish loans” below.
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The net proceeds of sale of the property are applied against the sums owed by the borrower to the extent necessary to discharge the mortgage including any accumulated fees, expenses of the servicer and interest. Where these proceeds are insufficient to cover all amounts owing under the mortgage, a claim is made under any MIG policy, where arranged. Where the funds arising from application of these default procedures are insufficient to pay all amounts owing in respect of a loan, the funds are applied first in paying interest and costs and second in paying principal. The servicer may then institute recovery proceedings against the borrower. If after the sale of the property and redemption of the mortgage there are remaining funds, those funds will be distributed by the acting solicitor to the next entitled parties.
These arrears and security enforcement procedures may change over time as a result of a change in the servicer’s business practices or legislative and regulatory changes.
The applicable prospectus supplement will contain a table summarising loans in arrears and repossession experience for loans serviced by Halifax, including the loans that were contained in the portfolio (including loans which had previously formed part of the portfolio) and loans to be sold to the mortgages trustee on the relevant closing date, as at the cut-off date. Halifax services all of the loans it originates.
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The servicing agreement
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the servicing agreement. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the servicing agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Introduction
On the initial closing date, Halifax was appointed by the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and the seller under the servicing agreement to be their agent to service the loans and their related security and the Funding 1 security trustee consented to the appointment. On the programme date, Funding 2 will become a party to the servicing agreement and appoint Halifax to be its agent to service the loans and their related security and the Funding 2 security trustee will consent to the appointment. Halifax has undertaken that in its role as servicer it will comply with any proper directions and instructions that the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the seller, the Funding 1 security trustee or the Funding 2 security trustee may from time to time give to Halifax in accordance with the provisions of the servicing agreement. The servicer is required to administer the loans in the following manner:
| • | in accordance with the servicing agreement; and |
| • | as if the loans and mortgages had not been sold to the mortgages trustee but remained with the seller, and in accordance with the seller’s procedures and administration and enforcement policies as they apply to those loans from time to time. |
The servicer’s actions in servicing the loans in accordance with its procedures are binding on the mortgages trustee. The servicer may, in some circumstances, delegate or sub-contract some or all of its responsibilities and obligations under the servicing agreement. However, the servicer remains liable at all times for servicing the loans and for the acts or omissions of any delegate or sub-contractor.
Powers
Subject to the guidelines for servicing set forth in the preceding section, the servicer has the power, among other things:
| • | to exercise the rights, powers and discretions of the mortgages trustee, the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 in relation to the loans and their related security and to perform their duties in relation to the loans and their related security; and |
| • | to do or cause to be done any and all other things which it reasonably considers necessary or convenient or incidental to the administration of the loans and their related security or the exercise of such rights, powers and discretions. |
Undertakings by the servicer
The servicer has undertaken, among other things, the following:
| 1. | To maintain approvals, authorisations, permissions, consents, and licences required in order to perform its obligations under the servicing agreement. |
| 2. | To determine and set the mortgages trustee variable base rate and any variable margin applicable in relation to any tracker rate loan in relation to the loans comprising the trust property, except in the limited circumstances described in this paragraph 2, when the mortgages trustee will be entitled to do so. It will not at any time, without the prior consent of the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2, set or maintain: |
| | (i) | the mortgages trustee variable base rate at a rate which is higher than (although it may be lower than or equal to) the then prevailing Halifax variable base rate which applies to loans beneficially owned by the seller outside the portfolio; |
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| | (ii) | a margin in respect of any tracker rate loan which, where the offer conditions for that loan provide that the margin shall be the same as the margin applicable to all other loans having the same offer conditions in relation to interest rate setting, is higher or lower than the margin then applying to those loans beneficially owned by the seller outside the portfolio; and |
| | (iii) | a margin in respect of any other tracker rate loan which is higher than the margin which would then be set in accordance with the seller’s policy from time to time in relation to that loan. |
| In particular, the servicer shall determine on each Funding 1 interest payment date and on each Funding 2 interest payment date having regard to: |
| | (A) | the revenue which Funding 1 and Funding 2 would respectively expect to receive during the next succeeding Funding 1 interest period and the next succeeding interest period respectively; |
| | (B) | the mortgages trustee variable base rate, any variable margins applicable in relation to any tracker rate loans and the variable mortgage rates in respect of the loans which the servicer proposes to set under the servicing agreement; and |
| | (C) | the other resources available to Funding 1 and Funding 2 including (in the case of Funding 2) the Funding 2 general reserve fund, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund (if any) and the Funding 2 swap agreement, |
| | (1) | Funding 1 would receive an amount of revenue during the relevant Funding 1 interest period which is less than the amount which is the aggregate of (1) the amount of interest which will be payable by Funding 1 in order to fund (whether by payment to a swap counterparty by a Funding 1 issuing entity or otherwise) the amount of interest payable in respect of the AAA term advances under the Funding 1 intercompany loans on the Funding 1 interest payment date falling at the end of that Funding 1 interest period and (2) all other amounts payable by Funding 1 at or before the end of that Funding 1 interest period which rank equally with or in priority to interest due on the AAA term advances under Funding 1 intercompany loans; and |
| | (2) | Funding 2 would receive an amount of revenue during the relevant interest period which is less than the amount which is the aggregate of (1) the amount of interest which will be payable by Funding 2 in respect of the AAA loan tranches on the Funding 2 interest payment date falling at the end of that interest period and (2) all other amounts payable by Funding 2 at the end of that interest period, which rank equally with or in priority to interest due in respect of the AAA loan tranches. |
| | If the servicer determines that there would be a shortfall in the foregoing amounts, it will give written notice to the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee, within one London business day of such determination, of the amount of the shortfall for each of Funding 1 and Funding 2 and the mortgages trustee variable base rate and/or any variable margins applicable in relation to any tracker rate loans which would, in the servicer’s opinion, need to be set in order for no shortfalls to arise, having regard to the date(s) on which the change to the mortgages trustee variable base rate and any variable margins would take effect and at all times acting in accordance with the standards of a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender as regards the competing interests of borrowers with mortgages trustee variable base rate loans and borrowers with tracker rate loans. If the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the F unding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee notify the servicer that, having regard to the obligations of Funding 1 and/or Funding 2, the mortgages trustee variable base rate and/or any variable margins should be increased, the servicer will take all steps which are necessary to increase the mortgages trustee variable base rate and/or any variable margins, including publishing any notice which is required in accordance with the mortgage terms. |
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| The mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee may terminate the authority of the servicer to determine and set the mortgages trustee variable base rate and any variable margins on the occurrence of a servicer termination event as defined under “– Removal or resignation of the servicer” below, in which case the mortgages trustee will set the mortgages trustee variable base rate and any variable margins itself in accordance with this paragraph 2 above. |
| 3. | To notify borrowers when required of any change in interest rates. |
| 4. | To keep records and accounts on behalf of the mortgages trustee in relation to the loans and their related security. |
| 5. | To keep the customer files and title deeds in safe custody and maintain records necessary to enforce each mortgage. |
| 6. | To provide the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2 (and their respective auditors), the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee and any other person nominated by Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 with access to the title deeds and other records relating to the administration of the loans and mortgages. |
| 7. | To make available to beneficial owners of the notes, who have provided the beneficial ownership certification as described in the servicing agreement, on a monthly basis a report containing information about the loans in the mortgages trust. |
| 8. | To assist the cash manager in the preparation of a quarterly report. |
| 9. | To take all reasonable steps, in accordance with the usual procedures undertaken by a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender, to recover all sums due to the mortgages trustee, including instituting proceedings and enforcing any relevant loan or mortgage. |
| 10. | To enforce any loan which is in default in accordance with its enforcement procedures or, if these are inapplicable, with the usual procedures undertaken by a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender on behalf of the mortgages trustee. |
| 11. | To provide to, among others, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the seller and the rating agencies a quarterly report regarding the compliance of the loans in the portfolio with the terms of the transaction documents. |
The requirement for any action to be taken according to the standards of a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender is as defined in the Glossary. For the avoidance of doubt, any action taken by the servicer to set variable base rates and any variable margins applicable in relation to any tracker rate loans which are lower than that of the competitors of the seller will be deemed to be in accordance with the standards of a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender.
Compensation of the servicer
The servicer receives a fee for servicing the loans. The mortgages trustee will pay to the servicer a servicing fee of 0.05 per cent. per annum (inclusive of VAT) on the aggregate amount of the trust property as at the immediately preceding calculation date. The rate is subject to adjustment if the applicable rate of VAT changes. The fee is payable in arrear on each distribution date only to the extent that the mortgages trustee has sufficient funds to pay it. Any unpaid balance will be carried forward until the next distribution date and, if not paid earlier, will be payable on the later of (i) the latest occurring final repayment date of the Funding 1 intercompany loans or on their earlier repayment in full by Funding 1 and (ii) the latest occurring final repayment date of any loan tranche advanced under the master intercompany loan agreement or on the earlier repayment in full by Funding 2 of all loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement.
Removal or resignation of the servicer
The mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee may, upon written notice to the servicer, terminate the servicer’s rights and obligations immediately if, among other things, any of the following events (each a servicer termination event) occurs:
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| • | the servicer defaults in the payment of any amount due and fails to remedy that default for a period of five London business days after the earlier of becoming aware of the default and receipt of written notice from the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee requiring the default to be remedied; |
| • | the servicer fails to comply with any of its other covenants or obligations under the servicing agreement which (i) in the opinion of the Funding 1 security trustee is materially prejudicial to Funding 1, the Funding 1 issuing entities and any Funding 1 noteholders and/or (ii) in the opinion of the Funding 2 security trustee is materially prejudicial to Funding 2, the issuing entity, any new Funding 2 issuing entities, any noteholders and the holders of any notes issued by any new Funding 2 issuing entity and (in each case) does not remedy that failure within 20 London business days after becoming aware of the failure; or |
| • | an insolvency event occurs in relation to the servicer. |
Subject to the fulfilment of a number of conditions (including the appointment of a substitute servicer), the servicer may voluntarily resign by giving not less than 12 months’ notice to the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee and the seller. The substitute servicer is required to have experience of administering mortgages in the United Kingdom and to enter into a servicing agreement with the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the seller, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee substantially on the same terms as the relevant provisions of the servicing agreement. It is a further condition precedent to the resignation of the servicer that the current ratings of the Funding 1 notes and the notes are not reduced, withdrawn or qualified as a result of the resignation, unless the relevant classes of Funding 1 noteholders and the noteholders otherwise agree b y an extraordinary resolution.
If the appointment of the servicer is terminated, the servicer must deliver the title deeds and customer files relating to the loans to, or at the direction of, the mortgages trustee. The servicing agreement will terminate when neither Funding 1 nor Funding 2 has any interest in the trust property.
No provision has been made in the servicing agreement or otherwise for any costs and expenses associated with the transfer of servicing to a substitute servicer, and such costs and expenses will be borne by the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 as beneficiaries of the mortgages trust. The servicing fee payable to a substitute servicer will be agreed with that substitute servicer prior to its appointment.
Right of delegation by the servicer
The servicer may sub-contract or delegate the performance of its duties under the servicing agreement, provided that it meets particular conditions, including that:
| • | Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee consent to the proposed sub-contracting or delegation; |
| • | notification has been given to each of the rating agencies; |
| • | where the arrangements involve the custody or control of any customer files and/or title deeds the sub-contractor or delegate will provide a written acknowledgement that those customer files and/or title deeds will be held to the order of the mortgages trustee (as trustee for the beneficiaries); |
| • | where the arrangements involve the receipt by the sub-contractor or delegate of monies belonging to the beneficiaries which are paid into the mortgages trustee GIC account, the Funding 1 GIC account and/or the Funding 2 GIC account, the sub-contractor or delegate will execute a declaration that any such monies are held on trust for the beneficiaries and will be paid forthwith into the mortgages trustee GIC account, the Funding 1 GIC account and/or the Funding 2 GIC account in accordance with the terms of the mortgages trust deed; |
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| • | the sub-contractor or delegate has executed a written waiver of any security interest arising in connection with the delegated services; and |
| • | the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee have no liability for any costs, charges or expenses in relation to the proposed sub-contracting or delegation. |
The consent of Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee referred to here (among other conditions) will not be required in respect of any delegation to a wholly-owned subsidiary of Halifax or HBOS plc from time to time or to persons such as receivers, lawyers or other relevant professionals.
If the servicer sub-contracts or delegates the performance of its duties, it will nevertheless remain responsible for the performance of those duties to the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee.
Liability of the servicer
The servicer will indemnify the mortgages trustee and the beneficiaries against all losses, liabilities, claims, expenses or damages incurred as a result of negligence or wilful default by the servicer in carrying out its functions under the servicing agreement or any other transaction document or as a result of a breach of the terms of the servicing agreement. If the servicer does breach the terms of the servicing agreement and thereby causes loss to the beneficiaries, then the seller share of the trust property will be reduced by an amount equal to the loss.
Servicer compliance
The servicer will be required pursuant to the servicing agreement to deliver to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the mortgages trustee on or before 31 March of each year an officer’s certificate stating that:
| • | a review of the activities of the servicer during the preceding year and of its performance under the servicing agreement has been made under the supervision of that officer; and |
| • | to the best of that officer’s knowledge, based on the review, the servicer has fulfilled all its obligations under the servicing agreement or, if there has been a failure in the fulfilment of any obligation, specifying such failure known to that officer and the nature and status thereof. |
Any other servicer that meets the criteria in Item 1108(a)(2) of Regulation AB will be similarly required to deliver such an officer’s certificate.
The officer’s certificate will be accompanied by a report on an assessment of compliance with the minimum servicing criteria established in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB, which include specific criteria relating to general servicing considerations, cash collection and administration, investor remittances and reporting and mortgage administration. Such report will indicate that such servicing criteria were used to test compliance and will set out any material instances of non-compliance.
The servicer will also deliver with its report on assessment of compliance an attestation report from a firm of independent public accountants, prepared in accordance with the attestation engagement standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, on the assessment of compliance with such servicing criteria. This attestation report will contain the accounting firm’s opinion as to whether the related servicing criteria assessment was fairly stated in all material respects or a statement that the firm cannot express such an opinion.
These annual reports of assessment of compliance, attestation reports and statements of compliance will be filed with Funding 1’s and Funding 2’s annual reports on Form 10-K.
Governing law
The servicing agreement is governed by English law, provided that any terms of the servicing agreement particular to Scots law will be construed in accordance with the laws of Scotland.
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Sale of the loans and their related security
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the mortgage sale agreement. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the mortgage sale agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Introduction
Loans and their related security have been and will continue to be sold to the mortgages trustee pursuant to the terms of the mortgage sale agreement. The mortgage sale agreement has six primary functions:
| • | it provides for the sale of the loans and their related security and the transfer of the beneficial interest therein; |
| • | it sets out the circumstances under which new loans can be sold to the mortgages trustee; |
| • | it provides for the legal assignment or assignation (as appropriate) of the loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee; |
| • | it sets out the representations and warranties given by the seller; |
| • | it provides for the repurchase of mortgage accounts and related security which have loans (1) which (in limited circumstances) are subject to a product switch, (2) which are subject to a further advance or (3) which cause the seller to be in breach of any of its representations and warranties in respect of the loans; and |
| • | it provides for drawings in respect of home cash reserve products and flexible loans included in the trust property. |
Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates
Under the mortgage sale agreement dated the initial closing date, entered into between the seller, the mortgages trustee, the Funding 1 security trustee and Funding 1, the seller transferred by way of an equitable assignment to the mortgages trustee the initial loans, together with their related security and since the initial closing date additional loans have been transferred to the mortgages trustee. On the programme date, Funding 2 and the Funding 2 security trustee will become parties to the mortgage sale agreement.
The mortgage sale agreement provides that the seller may sell new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee, which may have the effect of increasing or maintaining the overall size of the trust property. The new loans may include loans with characteristics that are not currently being offered to borrowers or that have not yet been developed. New loans and their related security can only be sold if certain conditions, as described in this section, are met. The mortgages trustee will hold the new loans and their related security on trust for the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 pursuant to the terms of the mortgages trust deed. Full legal assignment or assignation (as appropriate) of the loans will be deferred until a later date, as described under “– Legal assignment of the loans to the mortgages trustee” below. Changes may be required to the mortgage sale agreement if new types of loans are sold to the mortgages trustee. See & #147;Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
On and following the programme date, on the date of each relevant sale, the consideration paid to the seller will consist of:
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| • | payment by Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 to the seller by telegraphic transfer of the proceeds of any new term advance under a new Funding 1 intercompany loan agreement and/or new loan tranche advanced to Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement and/or intercompany loans made by new issuing entities to Funding 1 or Funding 2; |
| • | a covenant by Funding 1 and Funding 2 to pay, at a later date, deferred consideration to the seller; and/or |
| • | the promise by the mortgages trustee to hold the trust property on trust for the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 (in each case, as to their respective share) in accordance with the terms of the mortgages trust deed. |
Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller (as beneficiaries of the mortgages trust) will not be entitled to retain any fees received by the mortgages trustee, which (except in relation to fees payable to the mortgages trustee for the work undertaken by it as trustee of the trusts created by the mortgages trust deed), upon receipt and identification by the servicer, the mortgages trustee will return to the seller.
The sale of new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee will in all cases be subject to conditions precedent, including the following conditions (which may be varied or waived by the mortgages trustee where it has received written confirmation from the rating agencies that such variation or waiver will not cause the ratings of the outstanding Funding 1 notes and/or of the outstanding notes to be reduced, withdrawn or qualified), being satisfied on the relevant sale date (sale date):
| • | no event of default under the transaction documents shall have occurred which is continuing as at the relevant sale date; |
| • | both (a) the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger shall not have a debit balance as at the most recent Funding 2 interest payment date after applying all Funding 2 available revenue receipts on that Funding 2 interest payment date (for a description of the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger, see “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below) and (b) no analogous event in respect of Funding 1 has occurred; |
| • | the mortgages trustee is not aware that the purchase of the new loans on the sale date would adversely affect the then current ratings by Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or Fitch of any Funding 1 notes and/or any of the notes; |
| • | as at the relevant sale date the seller has not received any notice that the short-term, unsecured, unguaranteed and unsubordinated debt obligations of the seller are not rated at least P-1 by Moody’s, A-1 by Standard and Poor’s and F1 by Fitch at the time of, and immediately following, the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee; |
| • | as at the relevant sale date, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, in respect of which the aggregate amount in arrears is more than three times the monthly payment then due, is less than five per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the mortgages trust unless the rating agencies have confirmed that the then current ratings of the notes and of any Funding 1 notes will not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified; |
| • | except where Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 pay amounts to the seller in consideration of new loans to be sold to the mortgages trustee, the aggregate outstanding principal balance (excluding arrears of interest) of new loans transferred in any 3-month period must not exceed 15 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans (excluding arrears of interest) in the mortgages trust as at the beginning of that 3-month period; |
| • | the sale of new loans on the relevant sale date does not result in the product of the weighted average foreclosure frequency (WAFF) and the weighted average loss severity (WALS) for the loans comprised in the portfolio after such purchase calculated on such sale date (in the same way as for the loans comprised in the portfolio as at the most |
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| • | recent closing date (or as agreed by the servicer and the rating agencies from time to time)) exceeding the product of the WAFF and WALS for the loans comprised in the portfolio calculated on the most recent closing date, plus 0.25 per cent.; |
| • | the yield of the loans in the mortgages trust together with the yield of the new loans to be sold to the mortgages trustee on the relevant sale date is at least 0.50 per cent. greater than the weighted average of sterling-LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits as at the previous Funding 2 interest payment date and sterling-LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits as at the previous Funding 1 interest payment date, after taking into account the average yield on the loans which are variable rate loans, tracker rate loans and fixed rate loans and the margins on the Funding 1 swap(s) and the Funding 2 swap(s), in each case as at the relevant sale date; |
| • | the sale of new loans on the relevant sale date does not result in the loan-to-value ratio of the loans and the new loans, after application of the LTV test on the relevant sale date, exceeding the loan-to-value ratio (based on the LTV test), as determined in relation to the loans comprised in the trust property on the programme date, plus 0.25 per cent.; |
| • | the sale of new loans on the relevant sale date does not result in the loans (other than fixed rate loans) which, after taking into account the Funding 1 swap(s) and the Funding 2 swap(s), will yield less than sterling-LIBOR plus 0.50 per cent. as at the relevant sale date and have more than 2 years remaining on their incentive period accounting for more than 15 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans comprised in the trust property; |
| • | the sale of the new loans on the relevant sale date does not result in the fixed rate loans which have more than 1 year remaining on their incentive period accounting for more than 50 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans comprised in the trust property; |
| • | no sale of new loans may occur if, as at the relevant sale date, (a) the step-up date in respect of any Funding 1 note issued after 1 January 2003 and still outstanding has been reached and such Funding 1 note has not been redeemed in full. For the avoidance of doubt, this prohibition on the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee shall remain in effect only for so long as any such Funding 1 note remains outstanding and, upon its redemption, the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee may be resumed in accordance with the terms of the mortgage sale agreement or (b) the step-up date in respect of any note issued after the programme date and still outstanding has been reached and such note has not been redeemed in full. For the avoidance of doubt, this prohibition on the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee shall remain in effect only for so long as any such note remains outstanding and, upon its redemption, the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee may be resumed in accor dance with the terms of the mortgage sale agreement; |
| • | as at the sale date, (a) the adjusted Funding 1 general reserve fund level is equal to or greater than the Funding 1 general reserve fund threshold and (b) the adjusted Funding 2 general reserve fund level is equal to or greater than the Funding 2 general reserve fund threshold; |
| • | if the sale of loans would include the sale of new types of loan products (such as buy-to-let loans) to the mortgages trustee, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee have received written confirmation from each of the rating agencies that such new types of loan products may be sold to the mortgages trustee and that such sale of new types of loan products would not have an adverse effect on the then current ratings of the Funding 1 notes and the notes; |
| • | Funding 1 and/or Funding 2, as the case may be, have entered into appropriate hedging arrangements to hedge against the interest rates payable in respect of such loans and the floating rate of interest payable under the Funding 1 intercompany loans and the master intercompany loan, respectively; and |
| • | no trigger event has occurred on or before the relevant sale date. |
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On the relevant sale date, the representations and warranties in respect of new loans and their related security (described below in “– Representations and warranties” below) will also be given by the seller.
In the mortgage sale agreement, the seller has undertaken in respect of each series to use reasonable efforts to offer to sell to the mortgages trustee, and the mortgages trustee has undertaken to use reasonable efforts to acquire from the seller and hold in accordance with the terms of the mortgages trust deed, until the earlier of the step-up date specified in the most recent prospectus supplement (or such later date as may be notified by Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 to the seller) and the occurrence of a trigger event, sufficient new loans and their related security so that the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust during the period from (and including) the relevant closing date to (but excluding) the interest payment date specified in the most recent prospectus supplement is not less than the amount specified in the most recent prospectus supplement. However, the seller is not obliged to sell to the mortgages trustee, and the m ortgages trustee is not obliged to acquire, new loans and their related security if, in the opinion of the seller, that sale would adversely affect the business of the seller. If Funding 2 enters into a new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreement or borrows a new loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement or if Funding 1 enters into a new Funding 1 intercompany loan agreement, then the period during which the seller covenants to use reasonable efforts to maintain the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust at a specified level prior to a trigger event may be extended.
Legal assignment of the loans to the mortgages trustee
The English loans in the portfolio were sold, and any new English loans will be sold, to the mortgages trustee by way of equitable assignment. The Scottish loans in the portfolio were sold, and any new Scottish loans will be sold, to the mortgages trustee by way of declarations of trust under which the beneficial interest in such Scottish loans has been or will be transferred to the mortgages trustee. In relation to Scottish loans, references in this document to the sale of loans are to be read as references to the making of such declarations of trust. This means that legal title to both English loans and Scottish loans and their related security will remain with the seller until legal assignments or assignations (as appropriate) are delivered by the seller to the mortgages trustee (and, in the case of Scottish loans, registered or recorded in the relevant property register) and notice of such assignments or assignations (as appropriate) is given by the seller to the borrowers. Legal assignment or assignation (as appropriate) of the loans and their related security (including, where appropriate, their registration or recording in the relevant property register) to the mortgages trustee will be deferred and will only take place in the limited circumstances described below. See “Risk factors – There may be risks associated with the fact that the mortgages trustee has no legal title to the loans and their related security, which may adversely affect payments on the notes” above.
Legal assignment or assignation (as appropriate) of the loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee will be completed on the 20th London business day after the earliest to occur of any of, amongst other things:
| • | in respect of Funding 1, the service of an intercompany loan acceleration notice in relation to any Funding 1 intercompany loan or a note acceleration notice in relation to any of the Funding 1 notes; |
| • | in respect of Funding 2, the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice or a note acceleration notice in relation to any of the notes; |
| • | the seller being required to perfect the mortgages trustee’s legal title to the mortgages, by an order of a court of competent jurisdiction, or by a regulatory authority to which the seller is subject or any organisation whose members comprise, but are not necessarily limited to, mortgage lenders with whose instructions it is customary for the seller to comply; |
| • | it being rendered necessary by law to take actions to perfect legal title to the mortgages; |
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| • | the security under the Funding 1 deed of charge and/or the Funding 2 deed of charge or any material part of that security being in jeopardy and the Funding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee respectively deciding to take action to reduce materially that jeopardy; |
| • | unless otherwise agreed by the rating agencies, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee, the termination of the seller’s role as servicer under the servicing agreement; |
| • | the seller requesting perfection by serving notice in writing on the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee; |
| • | the date on which the seller ceases to be assigned a long-term unsecured, unsubordinated unguaranteed debt obligation rating by Moody’s of at least Baa3, by Standard & Poor’s of at least BBB- or by Fitch of at least BBB-; |
| • | the occurrence of an insolvency event in relation to the seller; or |
| • | the latest of the last repayment dates under the Funding 1 intercompany loan agreements, the master intercompany loan agreement and any other new intercompany loans where such loan has not been discharged in full. |
Pending completion of the transfer, the right of the mortgages trustee to exercise the powers of the legal owner of the mortgages will be secured by an irrevocable power of attorney granted by the seller in favour of the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee.
To the extent not held at the relevant land registry electronically, the title deeds and customer files relating to the loans are currently held by or to the order of the seller or by solicitors, licensed conveyancers or (in Scotland) qualified conveyancers acting for the seller in connection with the creation of the loans and their related security. The seller has undertaken that all the title deeds and customer files relating to the loans which are at any time in its possession or under its control or held to its order will be held to the order of the mortgages trustee.
Representations and warranties
Neither the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee, any previous Funding 1 issuing entity nor the issuing entity has made or has caused to be made on its behalf any enquiries, searches or investigations in respect of the loans and their related security. Instead, each is relying entirely on the representations and warranties by the seller contained in the mortgage sale agreement. The representations and warranties in relation to each loan are made on the relevant sale date that the loan (together with its related security) is sold to the mortgages trustee. The parties to the mortgage sale agreement may, with the prior written consent of the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee (which consent may (subject as provided below) be given if the rating agencies confirm in writing that the ratings of the notes as at that time will not be withdrawn, qualified or reduced as a result), amend the representations and warranties in the mortgage sale agreement. The material representations and warranties are as follows:
| • | each loan was originated by the seller in pounds sterling and is denominated in pounds sterling (or was originated and is denominated in euro if the euro has been adopted as the lawful currency of the United Kingdom); |
| • | each loan in the portfolio was made no earlier than 1 February 1996 and no later than the later of (a) 30 June 2006 and (b) the date specified in the most recent prospectus supplement; |
| • | the final maturity date of each loan is no later than (a) June 2040 or (b) such later date specified in the most recent prospectus supplement; |
| • | no loan has an outstanding principal balance of more than £500,000; |
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| • | prior to the making of each advance under a loan, (a) the lending criteria and all preconditions to the making of any loan were satisfied in all material respects subject only to exceptions made on a case by case basis as would be acceptable to a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender and (b) the requirements of the relevant MIG policy were met, so far as applicable to that loan; |
| • | other than with respect to monthly payments, no borrower is or has, since the date of the relevant mortgage, been in material breach of any obligation owed in respect of the relevant loan or under the related security and accordingly no steps have been taken by the seller to enforce any related security; |
| • | the total amount of arrears of interest or principal, together with any fees, commissions and premiums payable at the same time as that of an interest payment or principal repayment on any loan is not on the relevant sale date in respect of any loan, nor has been during the 12 months immediately preceding the relevant sale date, more than the amount of the monthly payment then due; |
| • | all of the borrowers are individuals and were aged 18 years or older at the date of executed mortgage; |
| • | at least two monthly payments have been made in respect of each loan; |
| • | the whole of the outstanding principal balance on each loan and any arrears of interest and all accrued interest is secured by a mortgage; |
| • | each mortgage constitutes a valid and subsisting first charge by way of legal mortgage or (in Scotland) standard security over the relevant property, and subject only in certain appropriate cases to applications for registrations at the Land Registry or Registers of Scotland which where required have been made and are pending and (in relation to such cases) the seller is not aware of any notice or any other matter that would prevent such registration; |
| • | all of the properties are in England, Wales or Scotland; |
| • | not more than 12 months (or a longer period (including in the case of an intra-group remortgage) as may be acceptable to a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender) prior to the grant of each mortgage, the seller received a valuation report on the relevant property (or another form of report concerning the valuation of the relevant property as would be acceptable to a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender), the contents of which were such as would be acceptable to a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender; |
| • | the benefit of all valuation reports, any other valuation report referred to in this section (if any) and certificates of title which were provided to the seller not more than two years prior to the date of the mortgage sale agreement can be validly assigned to the mortgages trustee without obtaining the consent of the relevant valuer, solicitor, licensed conveyancer or (in Scotland) qualified conveyancer; |
| • | prior to the taking of each mortgage (other than a remortgage), the seller (a) instructed its solicitor, licensed conveyancer or (in Scotland) qualified conveyancer to carry out an investigation of title to the relevant property and to undertake other searches, investigations, enquiries and other actions on behalf of the seller in accordance with the instructions which the seller issued to the relevant solicitor, licensed conveyancer or qualified conveyancer as are set out in the case of English loans in the CML’s Lenders’ Handbook for England & Wales (or, for mortgages taken before this handbook was adopted in 1999, the seller’s Mortgage Practice Notes) and, in the case of Scottish loans, the CML’s Lenders’ Handbook for Scotland (or, for Scottish mortgages taken before this handbook was adopted in 2000, the seller’s Mortgage Practice Notes) or other comparable or successor instructions and/or guidelines as may for the time being be in place, subject onl y to those variations as would be acceptable to a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender and (b) received a certificate of title from such solicitor, licensed conveyancer or qualified conveyancer relating to such property, the contents of which would have been acceptable to a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender at that time; |
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| • | insurance cover for each property is available under either a policy arranged by the borrower or a Halifax policy or a seller-introduced insurance policy or a policy arranged by the relevant landlord or the properties in possession cover; |
| • | where applicable, the MIG policies are in full force and effect in relation to the portfolio and all premiums have been paid; |
| • | the seller has good title to, and is the absolute unencumbered legal and beneficial owner of, all property, interests, rights and benefits agreed to be sold and/or assigned by the seller to the mortgages trustee under the mortgage sale agreement; |
| • | each loan and its related security is valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with its terms and is non-cancellable: |
| | (i) | except in relation to any term in any loan or in its related security, in each case which is not binding by virtue of the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1994 or (as the case may be) the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999; and |
| | (ii) | except in relation to any flexible loan drawing, delayed cashback, home cash reserve drawing and any other further advance, in each case which is not enforceable by virtue of the CCA; |
| • | to the best of the seller’s knowledge, none of the terms in any loan or in its related security is not binding by virtue of its being unfair within the meaning of the UTCCR. In this warranty and the previous warranty, reference to any legislation shall be construed as a reference to that legislation as amended, extended or re-enacted from time to time; |
| • | the seller has, since the making of each loan, kept or procured the keeping of full and proper accounts, books and records showing clearly all transactions, payments, receipts, proceedings and notices relating to such loan; and |
| • | there are no authorisations, permissions, approvals, licences or consents required as appropriate for the seller to enter into or to perform the obligations under the mortgage sale agreement or to make the mortgage sale agreement legal, valid, binding and enforceable. |
If new types of loans are to be sold to the mortgages trustee, then the representations and warranties in the mortgage sale agreement will be modified as required to accommodate these new types of loans. Your prior consent to the requisite amendments will not be obtained.
Repurchase of loans under a mortgage account
Under the mortgage sale agreement, if a loan does not materially comply on the sale date with the representations and warranties made under the mortgage sale agreement:
| • | the seller is required to remedy the breach within 20 London business days of the seller becoming aware of the breach; or |
| • | if the breach is not remedied within the 20 London business day period then, the mortgages trustee (acting at the direction of Funding 1 or Funding 2 pursuant to the terms of the controlling beneficiary deed and with the consent of the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee pursuant to the terms of the controlling beneficiary deed) will require the seller to purchase the loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security from the mortgages trustee at a price equal to their outstanding principal balances, together with any arrears of interest and accrued and unpaid interest and expenses as at the date of repurchase. |
The seller is also required to repurchase the loan or loans under any mortgage account and their related security if a court or other competent authority or any ombudsman makes any determination in respect of that loan and its related security that:
| • | any term which relates to the recovery of interest under the standard documentation applicable to that loan and its related security is unfair; or |
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| • | the interest payable under any loan is to be set by reference to HVR 1 or HVR 2 (and not that of the seller’s successors or assigns or those deriving title from them) and such rate is lower than the rate set by the seller’s successors or assigns or those deriving title from them; or |
| • | the variable margin above the Bank of England repo rate under any tracker rate loan must be set by the seller (rather than its successors or assigns or those deriving title from them); or |
| • | the interest payable under any loan is to be set by reference to an interest rate other than that set or purported to be set by either the servicer or the mortgages trustee as a result of the seller having more than one variable mortgage rate. |
If the seller fails to pay the consideration due for the repurchase (or otherwise fails to complete the repurchase), then the seller share of the trust property shall be deemed to be reduced by an amount equal to that consideration.
Drawings under flexible loans
The seller is solely responsible for funding all future drawings in respect of any flexible loans included in the trust property. The amount of the seller share of the trust property will increase by the amount of the drawing.
Further advances
If, at its discretion, the seller makes or causes the servicer to send an offer of a further advance under a loan to a borrower, then the seller will be required to repurchase the relevant loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account (save for any loan in arrears, where no repurchase will be required) at a price equal to the outstanding principal balance of those loans, together with accrued and unpaid interest and expenses to the date of purchase.
Product switches
If on any distribution date, the seller is in breach of the conditions precedent to the sale of new loans to the mortgages trustee listed in “– Sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the sale dates” above, then from (and including) that date to (but excluding) the date when those conditions precedent have been satisfied, the seller will be required to repurchase any loans and their related security that are subject to product switches (save for any loan in arrears, where no repurchase will be required). The seller will be required to repurchase the relevant loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security from the mortgages trustee at a price equal to the outstanding principal balance of those loans, together with any accrued and unpaid interest and expenses to the date of purchase.
A loan will be subject to a “product switch” if the borrower and the seller agree on, or the servicer sends an offer of, a variation in the financial terms and conditions applicable to the relevant borrower’s loan other than:
| (a) | any variation agreed with a borrower to control or manage arrears on the loan; |
| (b) | any variation to the interest rate as a result of borrowers switching to HVR 2; |
| (c) | any variation in the maturity date of the loan unless, while any Funding 1 intercompany loan is outstanding, it is extended beyond June 2040 and/or while any loan tranche under the master intercompany loan is outstanding, it is extended beyond the date specified in the most recent prospectus supplement; |
| (d) | any variation imposed by statute; |
| (e) | any variation of the rate of interest payable in respect of the loan where that rate is offered to the borrowers of more than 10 per cent. by outstanding principal amount of loans in the portfolio in any 3-month period; or |
| (f) | any variation in the frequency with which the interest payable in respect of the loan is charged. |
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Reasonable, prudent mortgage lender
Reference in the documents to the seller and/or the servicer acting to the standard of a reasonable, prudent mortgage lender mean the seller and/or the servicer, as applicable, acting in accordance with the standards of a reasonably prudent prime residential mortgage lender lending to borrowers in England, Wales and Scotland who generally satisfy the lending criteria of traditional sources of residential mortgage capital.
Governing law
The mortgage sale agreement, other than certain aspects of it relating to Scottish loans and their related security which are governed by Scots law, is governed by English law.
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The mortgages trust
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the mortgages trust deed. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the mortgages trust deed, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
General legal structure
The mortgages trust was formed under English law with the mortgages trustee as trustee for the benefit of the seller and Funding 1 as beneficiaries. The mortgages trust was formed for the previous financings of the Funding 1 issuing entities, for the financings of the issuing entity described in this prospectus and for the future financings of any new Funding 1 issuing entities or new Funding 2 issuing entities. On the programme date, the seller will assign a portion of its beneficial interest in the mortgages trust to Funding 2 for a purchase price of £100.
This section describes the material terms of the mortgages trust, including how money is distributed from the mortgages trust to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. If new Funding 2 issuing entities are established and/or new Funding beneficiaries become beneficiaries of the mortgages trust and/or new types of loans are added to the mortgages trust, then the terms of the mortgages trust may be amended. Such amendments may affect the timing of payments on the notes. Your prior consent will not be sought in relation to any such proposed amendments to the mortgages trust deed, provided (among other things) that the rating agencies confirm that the then current ratings of the notes will not be adversely affected by such amendments. There can be no assurance that the effect of any such amendments will not ultimately adversely affect your interests. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the no te trustee may agree modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
Under the terms of the mortgages trust deed, as of the programme date, the mortgages trustee will agree to hold all of the trust property on trust absolutely for Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. The trust property is:
| • | the sum of £100 settled by SFM Offshore Limited on trust on the date of the mortgages trust deed; |
| • | the portfolio of loans and their related security sold to the mortgages trustee by the seller; |
| • | any new loans and their related security sold to the mortgages trustee by the seller after the programme date; |
| • | any increase in the outstanding principal balance of a loan due to a borrower taking payment holidays or making underpayments under a loan or a borrower making a drawing under any flexible loan; |
| • | any interest and principal paid by borrowers on their loans; |
| • | any other amounts received under the loans and related security (excluding third party amounts); |
| • | rights under the insurance policies that are assigned to the mortgages trustee or which the mortgages trustee has the benefit of; and |
| • | amounts on deposit (and interest earned on those amounts) in the mortgages trustee GIC account, |
| • | any actual losses in relation to the loans and any actual reductions occurring in respect of the loans as described in paragraph (1) in “– Funding 2 share of trust property” below; and |
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| • | distributions of principal made from time to time to the beneficiaries of the mortgages trust. |
Funding 2 is not entitled to particular loans and their related security separately from Funding 1 and/or the seller. Instead each of the beneficiaries has an undivided interest in all of the loans and their related security forming part of the trust property. The beneficial interest of Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller represent pro rata interests in the trust property.
The accompanying prospectus supplement will set out the approximate Funding 1 share of the trust property, Funding 2 share of the trust property and seller share of the trust property as at the relevant closing date.
Fluctuation of shares in the trust property
The Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property will fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including:
| • | the allocation of principal receipts on the loans to Funding 1, Funding 2 and/or the seller; |
| • | losses arising on the loans; |
| • | if new loans and their related security are sold to the mortgages trustee; |
| • | if Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 acquires part of the seller’s or the other’s share of the trust property (see further under –“Acquisition by Funding 2 of an increased interest in the trust property”); |
| • | if a borrower makes underpayments or takes payment holidays under a loan; |
| • | if a borrower makes a drawing under a flexible loan; and |
| • | if the seller acquires part of the Funding 1 share of the trust property and/or the Funding 2 share of the trust property as described in “– Acquisition by the seller of an interest relating to capitalised interest” below and “– Payment by the seller and/or Funding 1 of the amount outstanding under a loan tranche” below. |
Neither the Funding 1 share of the trust property nor the Funding 2 share of the trust property may be reduced below zero. The seller will not be entitled to receive principal receipts which would reduce the seller share of the trust property to an amount less than the minimum seller share (as defined below), unless and until both the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property have been reduced to zero or following the occurrence of an asset trigger event.
As of the programme date, and following its acquisition from the seller of a portion of the beneficial interest of the seller in the mortgages trust, the size of the Funding 2 share of the trust property will be £100. Subsequently, Funding 2 will use the proceeds of loan tranches advanced to it by the issuing entity (less any amount utilised to fund the Funding 2 general reserve fund) to make payment to the seller of the purchase price in respect of any new mortgage portfolio assigned to the mortgages trustee, to increase the Funding 2 share of the trust property in accordance with the terms of the mortgages trust deed and/or to refinance an existing loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement.
The Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property are recalculated by the cash manager on each calculation date.
A calculation date is the first day (or, if not a London business day, the next succeeding London business day) of each month (each being a normal calculation date) or the date on which Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 acquires a further interest in the trust property and/or the mortgages trustee acquires new loans from the seller. The recalculation is based on the total outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio as at the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the relevant calculation date (as adjusted from time to time). The period from (and including) one calculation date to (but excluding) the next calculation date is known as a calculation period.
The reason for the recalculation is to determine the new Funding 1 share percentage, Funding 2 share percentage and seller share percentage of the trust property. The Funding 1 share
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percentage, the Funding 2 share percentage and the seller share percentage of the trust property determines the entitlement of Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller to interest (including capitalised interest) and principal receipts from the loans in the portfolio and also the allocation of losses arising on the loans. The method for determining those new percentage shares is set out in the next three sections.
Two London business days after each calculation date (the distribution date) the mortgages trustee distributes principal and revenue receipts to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller, as described below. In relation to each distribution date, the relevant share calculation date means the calculation date at the start of the most recently completed calculation period.
Funding 2 share of trust property
On each calculation date (also referred to in this section as the relevant calculation date) or such time as the mortgages trust terminates, the interest of Funding 2 in the trust property is recalculated to take effect from the distribution date immediately succeeding the next following calculation date in accordance with the following formulae:
| • | The share of Funding 2 in the trust property (the Funding 2 share) will be an amount equal to: |
| • | The percentage share of Funding 2 in the trust property (the Funding 2 share percentage) will be an amount equal to: |
| A – B – C + D + E + F -------------------------------- × 100 G |
| in the latter case, expressed as a percentage and rounded upwards to five decimal places, where: |
| A | = | the amount of the share of Funding 2 in the trust property calculated on the immediately preceding calculation date; |
| B | = | the amount of any principal receipts on the loans to be distributed to Funding 2 on the distribution date immediately following the relevant calculation date (as described under “– Allocation and distribution of principal receipts prior to the occurrence of a trigger event”, “– Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of a non-asset trigger event but prior to the occurrence of an asset trigger event” and “– Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of an asset trigger event” below); |
| C | = | the amount of losses sustained on the loans in the period from (and including) the immediately preceding calculation date to (but excluding) the relevant calculation date and the amount of any reductions occurring in respect of the loans as described in paragraph (1) below, in each case allocated to Funding 2 in the calculation period ending on (but excluding) the relevant calculation date; |
| D | = | the amount of any consideration to be paid by Funding 2 to the seller with respect to any new loans to be sold to the mortgages trustee on the relevant calculation date; |
| E | = | the amount of any consideration to be paid by Funding 2 to the seller and/or Funding 1 in relation to the acquisition by Funding 2 from the seller and/or Funding 1 on the relevant calculation date of an interest in the trust property; |
| F | = | the amount equal to any capitalised interest accruing on a loan due to borrowers taking payment holidays and which has been allocated to Funding 2 from (and including) the immediately preceding calculation date, less the amount to be paid by the seller on the relevant distribution date to acquire an interest in trust property as described in “– Acquisition by seller of an interest relating to capitalised interest” below; and |
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| G | = | the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all the loans in the portfolio as at the relevant calculation date after making the distributions, allocations and additions referred to in “B”, “C”, “D”, “E” and “F” and after taking account of: |
| | | | • | any distribution of principal receipts to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller; |
| | | | • | the amount of any losses allocated to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller; |
| | | | • | the amount of any increase in the loan balances due to capitalisation of insurance premiums due by borrowers or borrowers taking payment holidays; |
| | | | • | the adjustments referred to in paragraphs (1) to (4) below (or, if the seller share of the trust property is zero, the adjustments referred to in paragraph (1) only); and |
| | | | • | the amount of any other additions or subtractions to the trust property. |
If any of the following events occurs during a calculation period, then the aggregate total outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio will be reduced or deemed to be reduced for the purposes of the calculation of “G” on the calculation date at the end of that calculation period:
| | (1) | any borrower exercises a right of set-off so that the amount of principal and interest owing under a loan is reduced, but no corresponding payment is received by the mortgages trustee. In this event, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio will be reduced by an amount equal to the amount of that set-off; and/or |
| | (2) | a loan or its related security is (i) in breach of the representations and warranties contained in the mortgage sale agreement, (ii) the subject of a further advance or (iii) in limited circumstances, the subject of a product switch or other obligation of the seller to repurchase, and, in each case, the seller fails to repurchase the loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account and their related security to the extent required by the terms of the mortgage sale agreement. In this event, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio will be deemed to be reduced for the purposes of the calculation in “G” by an amount equal to the outstanding principal balance of the relevant loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account (together with arrears of interest and accrued and unpaid interest); and/or |
| | (3) | the seller would be required to repurchase a loan and its related security as required by the terms of the mortgage sale agreement, but the loan is not capable of being repurchased. In this event, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio will be deemed to be reduced for the purposes of the calculation in “G” by an amount equal to the outstanding principal balance of the relevant loan or loans under the relevant mortgage account (together with arrears of interest and accrued and unpaid interest); and/or |
| | (4) | the seller materially breaches any other material warranty under the mortgage sale agreement and/or (for so long as the seller is the servicer) the servicing agreement, which will also be grounds for terminating the appointment of the servicer. In this event, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans in the portfolio will be deemed to be reduced by an amount equal to the resulting loss incurred by the beneficiaries. |
The reductions or deemed reductions set out in paragraphs (1) to (4) above will be made on the relevant calculation date first to the seller share (including the minimum seller share) of the trust property and, thereafter (in respect of paragraph (1) only), will be made pro rata to the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property.
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Any sums that are subsequently recovered by the mortgages trustee in connection with a reduction or deemed reduction of the trust property under paragraphs (1) to (4) above, will constitute a revenue receipt under the relevant loan. Such revenue receipt will belong to Funding 1 and Funding 2 (but only if and to the extent that the related reductions were applied against the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property respectively) and, thereafter, will belong to the seller.
Funding 1 share of trust property
The share of Funding 1 in the trust property (the Funding 1 share) and Funding 1’s percentage share of the trust property (the Funding 1 share percentage) is calculated in a similar manner to that set out above for the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share percentage.
Seller share of trust property
On each calculation date or such time as the mortgages trust terminates, the interest of the seller in the trust property is recalculated to take effect from the distribution date immediately succeeding the next following calculation date as follows:
| • | The share of the seller in the trust property (the seller share) will be an amount equal to the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all the loans in the portfolio as at that calculation date (adjusted as provided in “– Funding 2 share of trust property” above) minus the sum of the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property (each as calculated on that calculation date). |
| • | The percentage share of the seller in the trust property (the seller share percentage) is an amount equal to 100 per cent. minus the sum of the Funding 1 share percentage and the Funding 2 share percentage of the trust property (each as calculated on that calculation date). |
Minimum seller share
The seller share of the trust property includes an amount known as the minimum seller share. The amount of the minimum seller share will fluctuate depending on changes to the characteristics of the loans in the portfolio. The seller will not be entitled to receive principal receipts which would reduce the seller share of the trust property to an amount less than the minimum seller share unless and until both the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property is in an amount equal to zero or an asset trigger event has occurred. The minimum seller share will be the amount determined on each calculation date (after any sale of loans to the mortgages trustee on that calculation date) in accordance with the following formula:
| X | = | 5 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the portfolio; |
| q | = | the flexible draw capacity, being an amount equal to the excess of (1) the maximum amount that borrowers may draw under flexible loans included in the trust property (whether or not drawn) over (2) the aggregate principal balance of flexible loans in the trust property on the relevant calculation date; and |
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| Z | = | the aggregate sum of reductions deemed made (if any) in accordance with paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) as described in “– Funding 2 share of trust property” above. |
The purpose of “X” is to mitigate the risks relating to certain set-off risks relating to the loans. The amount of “X” may be reduced from time to time at the request of the seller, Funding 1 or Funding 2 (acting reasonably) provided that the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee have received written confirmation from the rating agencies that there will be no adverse effect on the then current ratings of the Funding 1 notes and the notes as a result thereof.
The purpose of the calculation in “Y” is to mitigate the risk of the seller failing to fund a drawing under a flexible loan.
The purpose of the calculation in “Z” is to mitigate the risk of the seller materially breaching any material warranty under the mortgage sale agreement and/or the servicing agreement and failing to repurchase certain loans and their related security to the extent required by the terms of the mortgage sale agreement.
Cash management of trust property – revenue receipts
Under the cash management agreement, the cash manager is responsible for distributing revenue receipts on behalf of the mortgages trustee on each distribution date in accordance with the priority described in the following section. For further information on the role of the cash manager, see “Cash management for the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2” below.
Mortgages trust calculation of revenue receipts
Mortgages trust available revenue receipts is calculated by the cash manager on each calculation date and is an amount equal to:
| • | revenue receipts on the loans (but excluding principal receipts); |
| • | plus interest payable to the mortgages trustee on the mortgages trustee GIC account; |
| • | less amounts due to third parties (also known as third party amounts), including: |
| | (1) | amounts under a direct debit which are repaid to the bank making the payment if that bank is unable to recoup that amount itself from its customer’s account; |
| | (2) | payments by borrowers of any fees and other charges which are due to the seller; or |
| | (3) | recoveries in respect of amounts deducted from loans as described in paragraphs (1) to (4) in “– Funding 2 share of trust property” above, which will belong to and be paid to Funding 1, Funding 2 and/or the seller as described therein, which amounts may be paid daily from monies on deposit in the mortgages trustee GIC account. |
On each distribution date, the cash manager will apply mortgages trust available revenue receipts in the following priority:
| (A) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due from the mortgages trustee: |
| | • | under the provisions of the mortgages trust deed; and |
| | • | to third parties in respect of the mortgages trust, but only if: |
| | | (1) | payment is not due as a result of a breach by the mortgages trustee of the documents to which it is a party; and/or |
| | | (2) | payment has not already been provided for elsewhere; |
| (B) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, or to become due from the mortgages trustee to during the following calculation period, to: |
| | • | the servicer under the provisions of the servicing agreement; |
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| | • | the cash manager under the provisions of the cash management agreement; |
| | • | the account bank under the provisions of the bank account agreement; |
| | • | the mortgages trustee corporate services under the provisions of the mortgages trustee corporate services agreement; and |
| | • | the corporate services provider under the post-enforcement call option holder corporate services agreement; |
| (C) | to allocate and pay in no order of priority between them but in proportion to the respective amounts due: |
| | • | to Funding 1 an amount equal to the amount determined by multiplying the total amount of the remaining mortgages trust available revenue receipts by the Funding 1 share percentage of the trust property as calculated on the relevant share calculation date; and |
| | • | to Funding 2 an amount equal to the amount determined by multiplying the total amount of the remaining mortgages trust available revenue receipts by the Funding 2 share percentage of the trust property as calculated on the relevant share calculation date; |
| (D) | to allocate and pay to the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 (as applicable), an amount equal to any loss amount (as defined below) suffered or incurred by it or them (as applicable); and |
| (E) | to allocate and pay to the seller an amount (if positive) equal to the amount of the mortgages trust available revenue receipts less the amount of such mortgages trust available revenue receipts applied and/or allocated under (A) to (D) above. |
For the purposes of item (D) above, loss amount means the amount of any costs, expenses, losses or other claims suffered or incurred by, as applicable, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and/or Funding 2 in connection with any recovery of interest on the loans to which the seller, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 or Funding 2 was not entitled or could not enforce as a result of any determination by any court or other competent authority or any ombudsman in respect of any loan and its related security that:
| • | any term which relates to the recovery of interest under the standard documentation applicable to that loan and its related security is unfair; or |
| • | the interest payable under any loan is to be set by reference to the Halifax variable base rate (and not that of the seller’s successors or assigns or those deriving title from them); or |
| • | the variable margin above the Bank of England repo rate under any tracker rate loan must be set by the seller; or |
| • | the interest payable under any loan is to be set by reference to an interest rate other than that set or purported to be set by either the servicer or the mortgages trustee as a result of the seller having more than one variable mortgage rate. |
Amounts due to the mortgages trustee, the servicer, the cash manager, the account bank and the mortgages trustee corporate services provider include value added tax (VAT), if any, payable. At the date of this prospectus, VAT is calculated at the rate of 17.5 per cent. of the amount to be paid. Payment of VAT will not reduce the amounts ultimately available to pay interest on the notes.
Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2
Under the cash management agreement, the cash manager is also responsible for distributing principal receipts to Funding 2 on behalf of the mortgages trustee on each distribution date in accordance with the priority described in the next two following sections. To understand how the cash manager distributes principal receipts to Funding 2 on the loans on each distribution date you need to understand the definitions set out below.
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On each calculation date, the cash manager will, in respect of Funding 2, ascertain whether the distribution date is within a cash accumulation period relating to a bullet loan tranche or a scheduled amortisation instalment (each a cash accumulation advance) and will ascertain the cash accumulation requirement (as defined below) and repayment requirement (as defined below) for Funding 2.
The cash accumulation period (as defined below) will be calculated separately for each bullet loan tranche and scheduled amortisation instalment.
The accompanying prospectus supplement will set out whether each loan tranche is a bullet loan tranche, a scheduled amortisation loan tranche or a pass-through loan tranche and, in relation to cash accumulation loan tranches (which are the bullet loan tranches and the scheduled amortisation loan tranches), will set out the scheduled repayment date (being the Funding 2 interest payment date falling in the indicated month) and relevant accumulation amount (being the amount of funds to be accumulated over a cash accumulation period in order to repay a bullet loan tranche or a scheduled amortisation instalment on its scheduled repayment date whether or not actually repaid on that scheduled repayment date).
Definitions:
anticipated cash accumulation period means, on any normal calculation date, the anticipated number of months required by Funding 2 to accumulate sufficient principal receipts to pay the relevant accumulation amount in relation to the relevant cash accumulation advance, which will be equal to:
J + K – L
---------------
M * (N * O)
calculated in months and rounded up to the nearest whole number, where:
| J | = | the relevant accumulation amount; |
| K | = | the aggregate principal amount outstanding on that normal calculation date of: |
| | • | each other bullet loan tranche or scheduled amortisation loan tranche that was not fully repaid on its scheduled repayment date; |
| | • | each other bullet loan tranche or scheduled amortisation loan tranche, the scheduled repayment date of which falls on or before the scheduled repayment date of the relevant cash accumulation advance; |
| | • | each bullet term advance or scheduled amortisation term advance of Funding 1 that was not fully repaid on its scheduled repayment date; and |
| | • | each other bullet term advance or scheduled amortisation term advance of Funding 1, the scheduled repayment date of which falls on or before the scheduled repayment date of the relevant cash accumulation advance; |
| L | = | the aggregate on that normal calculation date of: |
| | • | the amount of any available cash already standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger at the start of that normal calculation date plus the aggregate amount of cash accumulation requirement paid to Funding 2 since the previous Funding 2 interest payment date; and |
| | • | the amount of any available cash already standing to the credit of the Funding 1 cash accumulation ledger at the start of that normal calculation date plus the aggregate amount of Funding 1’s cash accumulation requirement paid to Funding 1 since to the previous Funding 1 interest payment date; |
| M | = | means the sum of each monthly CPR on the 12 most recent normal calculation dates which have occurred prior to that date divided by 12; |
| O | = | the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans comprising the trust property on the previous normal calculation date. |
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| cash accumulation period means the period beginning on the earlier of: |
| • | the commencement of the anticipated cash accumulation period relating to the relevant accumulation amount; and |
| • | unless otherwise specified in the accompanying prospectus supplement, in respect of an original bullet loan tranche, six months prior to the scheduled repayment date of that original bullet loan tranche and, in respect of an original scheduled amortisation instalment, three months prior to the scheduled repayment date of that original scheduled amortisation instalment, |
and ending when Funding 2 has fully repaid that original bullet loan tranche or scheduled amortisation instalment, as applicable.
| cash accumulation requirement means, on a calculation date: |
| • | the outstanding principal amounts in relation to each cash accumulation advance that is within a cash accumulation period; |
| • | plus amounts due on the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date in items (A) and (B) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments under “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below; |
| • | less the amount standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger at the last Funding 2 interest payment date (which amount was not distributed on that Funding 2 interest payment date to the issuing entity or any new Funding 2 issuing entity having a cash accumulation requirement); |
| • | less the sum of each cash accumulation requirement amount paid to Funding 2 on a previous distribution date during the relevant interest period. |
Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger means a ledger maintained by the cash manager for Funding 2, which records amounts accumulated by Funding 2 to pay relevant accumulation amounts.
monthly CPR means, on any normal calculation date, the total mortgages trustee principal receipts received by the mortgages trustee during the period of one month ending on that normal calculation date divided by the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loans comprised in the trust property as at the immediately preceding normal calculation date.
scheduled amortisation instalment means that part of a scheduled amortisation loan tranche which is payable on each of the scheduled repayment dates of that scheduled amortisation loan tranche.
repayment requirement means, on a calculation date, the amount (if any) by which:
| • | the aggregate of all amounts that will be payable by Funding 2 on the next Funding 2 interest payment date as described in items (C) to (G) (inclusive) of the priority of payments under “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts – Repayment of loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes” on the basis: |
| | • | that there would be no deferral of loan tranches pursuant to Rule (1) as set out in that section; |
| | • | that where Rule (2) set out in that section applies, the amount so payable by Funding 2 in respect of loan tranches (other than bullet loan tranches and scheduled amortisation instalments) shall be treated as the lesser of (A) the amount due and payable in respect of those loan tranches and (B) the product of (a) the Funding 2 share percentage as at the start of the most recently ended calculation period (provided that if during the most recently ended calculation period loans and their related security are sold to the mortgages trustee or Funding 2 has acquired part of the seller share of the trust property and/or the Funding 1 share of the trust property, then the Funding 2 share percentage will be calculated for purposes of this paragraph as the weighted average of the Funding 2 share percentages as at the first day of such calculation period and as at the date immediately after such |
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| | • | sale or acquisition), (b) the aggregate amount of principal receipts received by the mortgages trustee during the most recently ended calculation period and (c) the outstanding principal balance of the series A loan tranches (in the case of Rule (2)), divided by the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the master intercompany loan, each as at the most recent Funding 2 interest payment date; |
| | • | that loan tranches will be treated as due and payable if they are already due and payable, or would become due and payable on or before the next Funding 2 interest payment date if all principal receipts were paid to Funding 2 on that calculation date; and |
| | • | excluding amounts due and payable in respect of bullet loan tranches and scheduled amortisation instalments, |
| | • | the amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger as at the last Funding 2 interest payment date (which amount was not distributed on that Funding 2 interest payment date to the issuing entity or any new Funding 2 issuing entity); and |
| | • | the sum of each repayment requirement amount paid to Funding 2 on a previous distribution date during the relevant interest period. |
| trigger event means an asset trigger event and/or a non-asset trigger event. |
An asset trigger event will occur when principal losses on loans in the portfolio (after application of Funding 1 available principal receipts or, as the case may be, Funding 2 available principal receipts to meet deficiencies in Funding 1 available revenue receipts or in Funding 2 available revenue receipts, respectively, or to fund the Funding 1 liquidity reserve fund or the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, respectively) reach a level causing an amount to be debited to the principal deficiency sub-ledger in relation to the term AAA advance of any Funding 1 issuing entity or to the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger of Funding 2, unless such debit is made when: (a) (i) in the case of principal deficiency sub-ledger in relation to the term AAA advance of a Funding 1 issuing entity, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of each of the term AA advances, the term A advances and the term BBB advances of the Funding 1 issuing entity is equal to zero or (ii) in the case of the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger of Funding 2, the aggregate principal amount outstanding of each of the AA loan tranches, the A loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches and the BB loan tranches is equal to zero; and (b) (i) in the case of principal deficiency sub-ledger in relation to the term AAA advance of a Funding 1 issuing entity, the sum of the amount standing to the credit of Funding 1 general reserve ledger and the Funding 1 revenue ledger together with amounts determined and due to be credited to the Funding 1 revenue ledger prior to the immediately following Funding 1 interest payment date after such debit is made, is greater than the amount necessary to eliminate the debit balance on the principal deficiency ledger in relation to the term AAA advance of the Funding 1 issuing entity and pay amounts ranking in priority to such item under the Funding 1 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments on the immediately following Funding 1 interest payment date after such debit is made or (ii) in the case of the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger of Funding 2, the sum of the amount standing to the credit of Funding 2 general reserve ledger and the Funding 2 revenue ledger together with amounts determined and due to be credited to the Funding 2 revenue ledger prior to the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date after such debit is made, is greater than the amount necessary to pay the items in paragraphs (A) to (E) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments on the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date after such debit is made. For more information on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger, see “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger”.
A non-asset trigger event will occur, on a calculation date, if:
| (a) | an insolvency event occurs in relation to the seller on or before that calculation date; |
| (b) | the seller’s role as servicer under the servicing agreement is terminated and a new servicer is not appointed within 30 days; or |
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| (c) | as at the calculation date immediately preceding the relevant calculation date, the current seller share of the trust property is less than the minimum seller share and this has not been remedied by the relevant calculation date; or |
| (d) | as at the calculation date immediately preceding the relevant calculation date, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans comprising the trust property is less than the required loan balance amount specified in the most recent prospectus supplement and this is not remedied by the relevant calculation date. |
Changes may be made to the definitions of asset trigger event and non-asset trigger event. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 1
The cash manager is also responsible for distributing principal receipts to Funding 1 on behalf of the mortgages trustee on each distribution date in accordance with the priority described in the following sections after determining (among other things) Funding 1’s cash accumulation and repayment requirements, which will be calculated in a similar manner to that set out above for Funding 2.
Mortgages trust calculation of principal receipts
Mortgages trust available principal receipts are calculated by the cash manager on each calculation date and will be equal to the amount that is standing to the credit of the principal ledger on that calculation date. The repayment requirement and the cash accumulation requirement of Funding 1 and Funding 2 are calculated by the cash manager on each calculation date and the relevant amounts notified to the mortgages trustee (who will be entitled to rely on such notifications).
Allocation and distribution of principal receipts prior to the occurrence of a trigger event
On each distribution date, where no trigger event has occurred on or before the immediately preceding calculation date, the cash manager will apply mortgages trust available principal receipts as follows:
| (A) | in no order or priority between them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due: |
| | • | to Funding 1 an amount equal to the lesser of: |
| | | (1) | an amount determined by multiplying the total amount of the mortgages trust available principal receipts by the Funding 1 share percentage of the trust property as calculated on the relevant share calculation date; and |
| | | (2) | an amount up to but not exceeding Funding 1’s cash accumulation requirement on that distribution date; |
| | • | to Funding 2 an amount equal to the lesser of: |
| | | (3) | an amount determined by multiplying the total amount of the mortgages trust available principal receipts by the Funding 2 share percentage of the trust property as calculated on the relevant share calculation date; and |
| | | (4) | an amount up to but not exceeding Funding 2’s cash accumulation requirement on that distribution date; |
| (B) | in no order or priority between them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to Funding 1 and Funding 2, to the extent not already paid pursuant to paragraph (A) above, up to the amounts set forth in sub-paragraphs (A)(2) and (A)(4), respectively; |
| (C) | in no order or priority between them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due: |
| | • | to Funding 1 an amount equal to the lesser of: |
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| | | (1) | an amount determined by multiplying the total amount of the remaining mortgages trust available principal receipts by the Funding 1 share percentage of the trust property as calculated on the relevant share calculation date; and |
| | | (2) | an amount up to but not exceeding Funding 1 repayment requirement on that distribution date; |
| | • | to Funding 2 an amount equal to the lesser of: |
| | | (3) | an amount determined by multiplying the total amount of the remaining mortgages trust available principal receipts by the Funding 2 share percentage of the trust property as calculated on the relevant share calculation date; and |
| | | (4) | an amount up to but not exceeding Funding 2’s repayment requirement on that distribution date; |
| (D) | in no order or priority between them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to Funding 1 and Funding 2, to the extent not already paid pursuant to paragraph (C) above, up to the amounts set forth in sub-paragraphs (C)(2) and (C)(4), respectively; |
| (E) | the remainder of such receipts will be allocated and paid to the seller until the seller share of the trust property (as calculated on the relevant share calculation date) is equal to the minimum seller share. |
Provided that in relation to paragraphs (A) through (E) above, the following rules will apply:
| (1) | The amount of mortgages trust available principal receipts to be allocated and paid to: |
| | (a) | Funding 1 on a distribution date will be reduced by an amount equal to the aggregate of Funding 1 available revenue receipts which are to be applied on the immediately succeeding Funding 1 interest payment date in reduction of deficiencies on the Funding 1 principal deficiency ledger; and |
| | (b) | Funding 2 on a distribution date will be reduced by an amount equal to the aggregate of Funding 2 available revenue receipts which are to be applied on the immediately succeeding Funding 2 interest payment date in reduction of deficiencies on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger. |
| (2) | Neither Funding 1 nor Funding 2 will be entitled to receive in aggregate an amount of mortgages trust available principal receipts on a distribution date which is in excess of, respectively, the Funding 1 share of the trust property or the Funding 2 share of the trust property on the relevant distribution date. |
| (3) | On any calculation date prior to the occurrence of a trigger event, the mortgages trustee will make provision for any amount that would result in the seller share of the trust property being less than the minimum seller share and the seller will not receive that amount until such time as the seller share of the trust property is greater than the minimum seller share and provided that (i) the seller will not receive nor have allocated to it any such amount if a non-asset trigger event occurs and is occurring and (ii) if an asset trigger event occurs and is occurring, the seller will have allocated to it and will be paid such amount but only to the extent permitted by the rules governing distribution of principal receipts after the occurrence of an asset trigger event. |
Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of a non-asset trigger event but prior to the occurrence of an asset trigger event
On each distribution date where a non-asset trigger event has occurred on or before the immediately preceding calculation date and an asset trigger event has not occurred on or before that calculation date, the cash manager will apply mortgages trust available principal receipts as follows:
| (A) | first, all such receipts will be allocated and paid to Funding 1 and Funding 2 in no order of priority between them and pro rata according to the Funding 1 share percentage of the trust property and the Funding 2 share percentage of the trust property (in each |
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| | case, as calculated on the relevant share calculation date) respectively until the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property (in each case, as calculated on the relevant share calculation date) has been reduced to zero; and |
| (B) | then, the remainder, if any, of such receipts will be allocated and paid to the seller. |
Following the occurrence of a non-asset trigger event, the notes will be subject to prepayment risk (that is, they may be repaid earlier than expected). See “Risk factors – The occurrence of a non-asset trigger event may accelerate the repayment of certain notes and/or delay the repayment of other notes” above.
Allocation and distribution of principal receipts on or after the occurrence of an asset trigger event
On each distribution date where an asset trigger event has occurred on or before the immediately preceding calculation date, the cash manager will allocate and pay mortgages trust available principal receipts, without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller according to the Funding 1 share percentage of the trust property, the Funding 2 share percentage of the trust property and the seller share percentage of the trust property (in each case, as calculated on the relevant share calculation date) respectively until the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property are zero (and, for the avoidance of doubt, such payments may reduce the seller share of the trust property to an amount less than the minimum seller share). When both the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property are zero, the remaining mortgages trust availa ble principal receipts (if any) will be allocated to the seller.
Following the occurrence of an asset trigger event, certain series and classes of notes will be subject to prepayment risk and other series and classes of notes will be subject to extension risk (that is they may be repaid later than expected). See “Risk factors – The occurrence of an asset trigger event may accelerate the repayment of certain notes and/or delay the repayment of other notes” above.
Losses
All losses arising on the loans will be applied in reducing proportionately the Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property. The Funding 1 share of the losses, the Funding 2 share of the losses and the seller share of the losses will be determined by multiplying the amount of losses during a calculation period by the Funding 1 share percentage, the Funding 2 share percentage and the seller share percentage (each as calculated on the relevant share calculation date), respectively, and such losses which will be allocated to Funding 1 and Funding 2 until the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property are reduced to zero and the remainder will be allocated to the seller, on each calculation date, in each case prior to calculating the allocation of mortgages trust available principal receipts on that calculation date.
For a description of how losses on the loans that have been allocated to Funding 2 on any date will be allocated to the loan tranches of the master intercompany loan, see “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below.
Disposal of trust property
The trust property is held on trust for the benefit of Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. Subject to the terms of the mortgages trust deed, the mortgages trustee is not entitled to dispose of the trust property or create any security interest over the trust property.
If an event of default occurs under the master intercompany loan agreement (a master intercompany loan event of default) and the Funding 2 security trustee determines to serve a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, then the Funding 2 security trustee will be entitled, among other things, to sell Funding 2’s share of the trust property. For further information on the security granted by Funding 2 over its assets, see “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” below.
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Additions to trust property
The trust property may be increased from time to time by the sale of new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee. The mortgages trustee will hold the new loans and their related security on trust for Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller according to the terms of the mortgages trust deed. For further information on the sale of new loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee, see “Sale of the loans and their related security” above.
Acquisition by Funding 2 of an increased interest in trust property
If Funding 2 borrows a new loan tranche or enters into a new Funding 2 intercompany loan, then it may apply the proceeds of that loan tranche or the that Funding 2 intercompany loan to make a payment to the seller and/or Funding 1 so as to give rise to an increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property (and giving rise to a corresponding decrease in the seller share of the trust property and/or the Funding 1 share of the trust property). Funding 2 will be permitted to do this only if it meets a number of conditions, including:
| • | that, on the relevant calculation date, no master intercompany loan event of default and no note event of default have occurred that have not been remedied or waived; |
| • | as at the most recent Funding 2 interest payment date, no deficiency is recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee is not aware that the proposed increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property (or the corresponding decrease in the seller share of the trust property and/or the Funding 1 share of the trust property) would adversely affect the then current ratings by the rating agencies of any of the outstanding notes or any Funding 1 notes; |
| • | as at the relevant calculation date, the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the trust property, in respect of which the aggregate amount in arrears is more than three times the monthly payment then due, is less than five per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all loans constituting the trust property unless the rating agencies have confirmed that the then current ratings of the notes and of any Funding 1 notes will not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified; |
| • | the Funding 2 general reserve fund has not been debited on or before the relevant date for the purposes of curing a principal deficiency in respect of the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement in circumstances where the Funding 2 general reserve fund has not been replenished by a corresponding amount by the relevant date; |
| • | where Funding 2 makes the offer to the seller, the seller has not received written notice that the short term, unsecured, unguaranteed and unsubordinated debt obligations of the seller are not rated at least P-1 by Moody’s, A-1 by Standard & Poor’s and F1 by Fitch at the time of, and immediately following, the payment to be made by Funding 2 on the relevant date; |
| • | the product of the WAFF and WALS for the loans constituting the trust property calculated on the relevant date in the same way as for the initial portfolio (or as agreed by the servicer and the rating agencies from time to time) does not exceed the product of the WAFF and WALS for the loans constituting the trust property calculated on the most recent previous closing date, plus 0.25 per cent; and |
| • | the loan-to-value ratio of loans in the portfolio, after application of the LTV test on the relevant date, does not exceed the loan-to-value ratio (based on the LTV test) of loans in the portfolio on the most recent previous closing date plus 0.25 per cent. |
Acquisition by seller of an interest relating to capitalised interest
If a borrower takes a payment holiday under a loan (as permitted by the terms of the loan), then the outstanding principal balance of the loan will increase by the amount of interest that would have been paid on the relevant loan if not for such payment holiday (the capitalised interest).
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The increase in the loan balance due to the capitalised interest will be allocated to the Funding 1 share of the trust property, the Funding 2 share of the trust property and the seller share of the trust property, based on their respective percentage shares in the trust property as calculated on the previous calculation date.
Prior to an insolvency event occurring in respect of the seller, on each distribution date, the seller will make a cash payment to Funding 1 and Funding 2 in an amount equal to Funding 1’s share of the capitalised interest and Funding 2’s share of the capitalised interest respectively in respect of those loans that are subject to payment holidays. Following such payment:
| • | the seller share of the trust property will increase by an amount equal to the amount paid to Funding 1 and Funding 2 in respect of Funding 1’s share of the capitalised interest and Funding 2’s share of the capitalised interest respectively, and the Funding 1 share of the trust property and the Funding 2 share of the trust property will decrease by a corresponding amount; and |
| • | Funding 2 will apply the proceeds of the amount paid by the seller in accordance with the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments and, after enforcement of the Funding 2 security, in accordance with the Funding 2 post-enforcement priority of payments. |
If an insolvency event occurs in respect of the seller, then the seller may continue to make payments to Funding 1 and Funding 2 in an amount equal to Funding 1’s share of the capitalised interest and Funding 2’s share of the capitalised interest respectively in the same manner and for the same purpose described above, but it is not obliged to do so.
Payment by the seller and/or Funding 1 of the amount outstanding under a loan tranche
If the seller and/or Funding 1 offers to make a payment to Funding 2 of the amount outstanding under a loan tranche, then Funding 2 may accept that offer but only if:
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee has received written confirmation from each of the rating agencies that there would not be any withdrawal, qualification or downgrading of the then current ratings of the notes if Funding 2 accepted the offer; |
| • | Funding 2 would receive the payment on a Funding 2 interest payment date; and |
| • | Funding 2 will apply the proceeds to repay the relevant loan tranche and the issuing entity will use the relevant payment to repay the corresponding class of notes. |
The Funding 2 share of the trust property would decrease by an amount equal to the payment made by the seller and/or Funding 1, as the case may be, and the seller share of the trust property and/or the Funding 1 share of the trust property, as the case may be, would increase by a corresponding amount.
Compensation of mortgages trustee
The mortgages trustee will be paid a fee of £1,000 (inclusive of VAT) each year for the performance of its duties which will be paid annually on the distribution date following each anniversary of the mortgages trust deed having been entered into. The fee is subject to adjustment if the applicable rate of VAT changes.
Termination of mortgages trust
The mortgages trust will terminate on the later to occur of:
| • | the date on which all amounts due from Funding 1 and Funding 2 to their respective secured creditors have been paid in full; and |
| • | any other date agreed in writing by Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller. |
Retirement of mortgages trustee
The mortgages trustee is not entitled to retire or otherwise terminate its appointment. The seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 cannot replace the mortgages trustee.
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Governing law
The mortgages trust deed is governed by English law.
The controlling beneficiary deed
Pursuant to the terms of the controlling beneficiary deed dated the programme date, as amended from time to time (the controlling beneficiary deed), Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee and the seller have agreed to, among other things, arrangements amongst them in respect of certain decisions (relating to authorisations, consents, waivers, instructions or other acts) to be made from time to time in respect of the transaction documents.
If there is a conflict of interest between Funding 1 and Funding 2 as beneficiaries (each a Funding beneficiary) and/or the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee (each a Funding security trustee) in respect of directing the mortgages trustee or the exercising of any rights, powers, discretions or consents under the transaction documents then, pursuant to the terms of the controlling beneficiary deed, the Funding beneficiaries and/or the Funding security trustees agree to act in accordance with the controlling directions. The seller agrees that, where necessary, it shall provide directions to the mortgages trustee that are consistent with the controlling directions.
| Controlling direction means: |
| • | in respect of the Funding beneficiaries and/or the Funding security trustee, in all cases, the directions of the Funding beneficiary and/or the Funding security trustee representing one or more of the issuing entity(ies) (as applicable) with the highest ranking class of notes then outstanding, and if each Funding beneficiary and/or the Funding security trustee represents issuing entity(ies) (as applicable) with the same class as their highest ranking class of notes then outstanding, then the Funding beneficiary and/or the Funding security trustee representing one or more of the issuing entity(ies) (as applicable) with the greatest principal amount outstanding of the highest ranking class of notes. |
| For the purposes of the definition of controlling direction: |
| • | a Funding beneficiary will be treated as “representing” an issuing entity(ies) in the circumstances where that Funding beneficiary is the debtor under the terms of an intercompany loan agreement or the master intercompany loan agreement, as the case may be, between that issuing entity and that Funding beneficiary; |
| • | a Funding security trustee will be treated as “representing” an issuing entity(ies) in the circumstances where that Funding security trustee is the security trustee under the Funding 1 deed of charge or the Funding 2 deed of charge, as the case may be, between a Funding beneficiary, that Funding security trustee and that issuing entity(ies) which secures the obligations of that Funding beneficiary to that issuing entity(ies) under the terms of an intercompany loan agreement or the master intercompany loan agreement, as the case may be, between that issuing entity(ies) and that Funding beneficiary; |
| • | all denominations of the principal amount outstanding of any class of notes will be calculated in sterling and where the principal amount outstanding of any such class of notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity or the issuing entity is not denominated in sterling it will be converted into sterling at the rate specified in the hedging agreements applicable to such class of notes; and |
| • | the highest ranking class of notes outstanding will mean: |
| | (a) | in the case of the issuing entity, the class A notes (for so long as there are class A notes outstanding), the class B notes (so long as there are no class A notes outstanding), the class M notes (so long as there are no class A notes or class B notes outstanding), the class C notes (so long as there are no class A notes, class B notes or class M notes outstanding) or the class D notes (so long as there are no class A notes, class B notes, class M notes or class C notes outstanding); and |
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| | (b) | in the case of Funding 1 issuing entities, the class A notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity (for so long as there are class A notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity outstanding), the class B notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity (for so long as there are no class A notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity outstanding), the class M notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity (so long as there are no class A notes or class B notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity outstanding), the class C notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity (so long as there are no class A notes, class B notes or class M notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity outstanding) or the class D notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity (so long as there are no class A notes, class B notes, class M notes or class C notes of any Funding 1 issuing entity outstanding). |
Governing law
The controlling beneficiary deed is governed by English law.
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The master intercompany loan agreement
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the master intercompany loan agreement. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the master intercompany loan agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Changes may be required to the master intercompany loan agreement to accommodate notes to be issued by the issuing entity and/or loan tranches to be made available to Funding 2. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
Pursuant to the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement, the issuing entity will lend to Funding 2 from time to time on the relevant closing date for each series and class of notes an aggregate amount in sterling equal to the proceeds of issue of such notes. Each such advance of funds will be a separate loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement. Each loan tranche will relate to a particular series and class of notes. The loan tranche supplement to the master intercompany loan agreement will contain the terms of each loan tranche. Funding 2 will use the proceeds of each loan tranche to:
| • | pay the seller part of the consideration for loans (together with their related security) sold by the seller to the mortgages trustee in connection with the issuance of notes by the issuing entity, which will result in an increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property and a corresponding decrease in the seller share of the trust property; |
| • | acquire part of the Funding 1 share of the trust property and/or the seller share of the trust property (such payment to be made to Funding 1 and/or the seller, as the case may be, which will result in a corresponding decrease of the Funding 1 share of the trust property or the seller share of the trust property, as the case may be, and a corresponding increase in the Funding 2 share of the trust property); |
| • | fund or replenish the Funding 2 general reserve fund; and/or |
| • | make a payment to the issuing entity to refinance an existing loan tranche. |
Ratings designations of the loan tranches |
The designated loan tranche ratings of the AAA loan tranches reflect the ratings expected to be assigned to any class A notes by the rating agencies on the relevant closing date, except that money market notes will have different short-term ratings. The designated loan tranche ratings of the AA loan tranches reflect the ratings expected to be assigned to any class B notes by the rating agencies on the relevant closing date. The designated loan tranche ratings of the A loan tranches reflect the ratings expected to be assigned to any class M notes by the rating agencies on the relevant closing date. The designated loan tranche ratings of the BBB loan tranches reflect the ratings expected to be assigned to any class C notes by the rating agencies on the relevant closing date. The designated loan tranche ratings of the BB loan tranches reflect the ratings expected to be assigned to any class D notes by the rating agencies on the relevant closing date. The foregoing ratings assigned to a loan tranche are collectively referred to as the loan tranche ratings. If, after any closing date, the rating agencies change the rating assigned to a series and class of notes, this will not affect the loan tranche ratings of the related loan tranche under the master intercompany loan agreement.
Issuance of loan tranches |
The issuing entity may advance loan tranches to Funding 2 and issue corresponding series and classes of notes from time to time without obtaining the consent of existing noteholders. The
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issuing entity will not be obliged to advance loan tranches to Funding 2 unless on the relevant closing date certain conditions have been met, including:
| • | that the related series and class of notes have been issued and the proceeds received by or on behalf of the issuing entity; |
| • | that Funding 2 has delivered a certificate certifying that it is solvent; |
| • | that each of the applicable transaction documents has been duly executed by the relevant parties to it; |
| • | one or more deeds of accession relating to the Funding 2 deed of charge have been executed by the parties to the Funding 2 deed of charge and any new parties to the Funding 2 deed of charge; and |
| • | one or more deeds of accession relating to the issuing entity deed of charge have been executed by the parties to the issuing entity deed of charge and any new parties to the issuing entity deed of charge. |
Representations and agreements |
Funding 2 will make several representations to the issuing entity in the master intercompany loan agreement, including representations that Funding 2 has been duly incorporated and that it has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into the transaction documents to which it is a party.
In addition, Funding 2 will agree that:
| • | it will not create or permit to subsist any encumbrance, or other security interest over any of its assets, unless arising by operation of law or pursuant to the transaction documents; |
| • | it will not carry on any business or engage in any activity whatsoever which is not incidental to or necessary in connection with any of the activities in which the transaction documents provide or envisage that Funding 2 will engage; |
| • | it will not have any subsidiaries, any subsidiary undertakings, both as defined in the Companies Act 1985 as amended, or any employees or premises; |
| • | it will not transfer, sell, lend, part with or otherwise dispose of all or any of its assets, properties or undertakings or any interest, estate, right, title or benefit therein other than as contemplated in the transaction documents; |
| • | it will not pay any dividend or make any other distribution to its shareholders, other than in accordance with the Funding 2 deed of charge, and it will not issue any new shares; |
| • | it will not incur any indebtedness in respect of any borrowed money or give any guarantee in respect of any indebtedness or of any obligation of any person whatsoever, other than indebtedness contemplated by the transaction documents; and |
| • | it will not enter into any amalgamation, demerger, merger or reconstruction, nor acquire any assets or business nor make any investments, other than as contemplated in the transaction documents. |
Payment of interest and fees on each loan tranche will be made only from and to the extent of distributions by the mortgages trustee of amounts constituted from mortgages trust available revenue receipts to Funding 2 in respect of the Funding 2 share of the trust property. Such payments of interest and fees will be made on Funding 2 interest payment dates in the priorities set forth in “Cashflows” below.
The interest rates applicable to the loan tranches from time to time will be determined (other than, in each case, in respect of the first interest period) by reference to LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits or, for some loan tranches, such other sterling LIBOR rate as may be specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement plus or minus, in each case, a margin which may differ for
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each separate loan tranche. The accompanying prospectus supplement sets out details relating to the Funding 2 interest payment dates and payment of interest on the loan tranches related to each series and class of the notes issued.
In addition, prior to enforcement of the Funding 2 security, Funding 2 will agree to pay an additional fee to the issuing entity (the issuing entity fee) on each Funding 2 interest payment date or otherwise when required. The senior fee on each Funding 2 interest payment date will be equal to the amount needed by the issuing entity to pay or provide for other amounts falling due, if any, to be paid to its creditors (other than amounts of interest and principal due on the notes and tax that can be met out of the issuing entity’s profits). In addition, the fee shall include a sum (in an amount equal to 0.01 per cent. of the interest paid by Funding 2 to the issuing entity on the loan tranches on that Funding 2 interest payment date less an amount (if any) equal to any payment to be made by Funding 2 to the issuing entity on that Funding 2 interest payment date in respect of the issuing entity’s liability for corporation tax on any chargeable income or gain) to be retained by the issuing entity as profit. The fee will be paid by Funding 2 out of the Funding 2 available revenue receipts.
Repayment of principal on the loan tranches |
Repayment of a loan tranche may be made by way of bullet repayment, scheduled amortisation instalments or on a pass-through basis. A loan tranche with a bullet repayment date is an advance that is scheduled to be repaid in full in one instalment on one Funding 2 interest payment date (a bullet loan tranche). A loan tranche with scheduled amortisation is an advance that is scheduled to be repaid in instalments (each a scheduled amortisation instalment) on more than one Funding 2 interest payment date (a scheduled amortisation loan tranche). A loan tranche with pass-through repayment is an advance that has no scheduled repayment date other than its final repayment date (a pass-through loan tranche). Loan tranches with pass-through repayment will be repaid on or after the Funding 2 interest payment date on which the loan tranches with the same series designation and a higher rating designation in respect of the series have been fully repaid.
Repayment of principal on the loan tranches will only be made from and to the extent of distributions by the mortgages trustee of amounts constituted from mortgages trust available principal receipts to Funding 2 in respect of the Funding 2 share of the trust property.
The loan tranche supplement for each loan tranche and the accompanying prospectus supplement will set forth (i) the bullet repayment dates, (ii) the scheduled repayment dates or (iii) the Funding 2 interest payment date on which a pass-through loan tranche is expected to be paid, as applicable. Each such date will be the same as the equivalent dates for the related series and class of notes.
A loan tranche (or part thereof) will become due on the earlier to occur of:
| • | on the date for repayment of a loan tranche as specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement and applicable prospectus supplement; |
| • | the date upon which a master intercompany loan acceleration notice is served on Funding 2; |
| • | the date upon which a trigger event occurs; and |
| • | the step-up date, if any, in relation to the relevant loan tranche as specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement and applicable prospectus supplement, |
in each case subject to the applicable Funding 2 priority of payments.
In each case, when a loan tranche becomes due, it shall continue to be due until it is fully repaid. If there are insufficient funds available to repay a loan tranche on a Funding 2 interest payment date upon which that loan tranche has become or remains due, then the shortfall will be repaid on subsequent Funding 2 interest payment dates from Funding 2 available principal receipts until that loan tranche is fully repaid. You should note that in certain other circumstances payments on the AA loan tranches, the A loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches and the BB loan tranches will be deferred. See “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below.
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Funding 2 will only be obliged to pay amounts to the issuing entity in respect of any loan tranche to the extent that it has funds to do so after making payments ranking in priority to amounts due on such loan tranches (including amounts due on loan tranches of a more senior ranking).
If, prior to the latest final repayment date of a loan tranche outstanding under the master intercompany loan agreement, there is a shortfall between the amount of interest and/or principal due on that loan tranche and the amount available to Funding 2 to make that payment, then that shortfall shall not be due and payable to the issuing entity until the time (if ever) when Funding 2 has enough money available to pay the shortfall on that loan tranche (after making any other payments due that rank higher in priority to that loan tranche).
If, following the latest final repayment date of loan tranche outstanding under the master intercompany loan agreement there is a shortfall between the amount required to pay all outstanding interest and/or principal and/or other amounts outstanding under the master intercompany loan agreement, then the shortfall all outstanding claims of the issuing entity and the Funding 2 security trustee against Funding 2 will be extinguished.
Master intercompany loan events of default |
The master intercompany loan agreement will contain events of default (each a master intercompany loan event of default), which will include, among others, the following events:
| • | a default by Funding 2 for a period of three London business days in the payment of any amount payable under the master intercompany loan agreement (but subject to the limited recourse provisions described in this section); |
| • | Funding 2 does not comply in any material respect with its obligations under any of the transaction documents (other than non-payment as set out in the preceding paragraph) and that non-compliance, if capable of remedy, is not remedied promptly and in any event within 20 London business days of Funding 2 becoming aware of its non-compliance or of receipt of written notice from the Funding 2 security trustee requiring Funding 2’s non-compliance to be remedied; or |
| • | an insolvency event occurs in relation to Funding 2 or it is, or becomes, unlawful for Funding 2 to perform its obligations under any of the transaction documents. |
Investors should note that, as described in “– Repayment of principal on the loan tranches” and “– Limited recourse” above, it will not be a master intercompany loan event of default if default is made by Funding 2 in paying amounts due under the master intercompany loan agreement where Funding 2 does not have the money available to make the relevant payment or where the repayment tests are not satisfied. The ability of the issuing entity to repay each series and class of notes will depend, among other things, upon payments received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 under the corresponding loan tranches pursuant to the master intercompany loan agreement. See “Risk factors – Funding 2 is not obliged to make payments on the loan tranches if it does not have enough money to do so, which could adversely affect payments on the notes” above.
If a master intercompany loan event of default occurs and is continuing under the master intercompany loan agreement, then the Funding 2 security trustee will be entitled to deliver a master intercompany loan acceleration notice to Funding 2 stating that a master intercompany loan event of default has occurred. Upon the service of such a master intercompany loan acceleration notice, the Funding 2 security trustee may direct that all loan tranches outstanding under the master intercompany loan agreement become immediately due and payable and/or that all loan tranches outstanding under the master intercompany loan agreement become due and payable on the demand of the Funding 2 security trustee.
Other Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements |
Other Funding 2 issuing entities may be established by Funding 2 for the purpose of issuing notes to investors and using the proceeds thereof to make new Funding 2 intercompany loans to
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Funding 2. The issuance of notes by any such other Funding 2 issuing entity and the making of the related Funding 2 intercompany loan will only be permitted if certain conditions precedent are satisfied, including, among others, that the ratings of the notes issued by the issuing entity will not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified at the time of the issuance of such notes by the new Funding 2 issuing entity. See “Risk factors – If Funding 2 enters into new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements, such new Funding 2 intercompany loans and accompanying new Funding 2 notes may be repaid prior to the master intercompany loan and the notes” above and “Risk factors – Other Funding 2 issuing entities may share in the same security granted by Funding 2 to the issuing entity, and this may ultimately cause a reduction in the payments you receive on the notes” above.
Funding 2’s bank accounts |
Funding 2 maintains two bank accounts in England in its name with Bank of Scotland, as the account bank. These are:
| • | the Funding 2 GIC account: the Funding 2 reserve funds are credited to this account and on each distribution date Funding 2’s share of the mortgages trust available revenue receipts, any distribution of mortgages trust available principal receipts to Funding 2 under the mortgages trust and any balance remaining in the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger are initially deposited in this account. On each Funding 2 interest payment date, amounts required to meet Funding 2’s obligations to its various creditors are transferred to the Funding 2 transaction account; and |
| • | the Funding 2 transaction account: on each Funding 2 interest payment date, monies standing to the credit of the Funding 2 GIC account are transferred to the Funding 2 transaction account and applied by the cash manager in accordance with the relevant order for priority of payments. Amounts representing Funding 2’s profits are retained in the Funding 2 transaction account. |
These accounts may be required to be transferred to an alternative bank if the short-term, unguaranteed and unsecured ratings of the account bank fall below A-1+ by Standard & Poor’s, F1+ by Fitch or P-1 by Moody’s unless each rating agency confirms that its then current rating of the notes would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified as a result of such ratings falling below these minimum ratings.
The master intercompany loan agreement will be governed by English law.
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Security for Funding 2’s obligations
Funding 2 will provide security for its obligations under the master intercompany loan agreement and the other transaction documents to which it is or will be a party by entering into the Funding 2 deed of charge with the Funding 2 secured creditors on the programme date. A summary of the material terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge is set out below. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the Funding 2 deed of charge. This prospectus forms part of the registration statement and a form of the Funding 2 deed of charge has been filed as an exhibit to that registration statement.
The Funding 2 deed of charge has seven primary functions:
| • | it sets out the covenants of Funding 2; |
| • | it creates security interests in favour of the Funding 2 security trustee which the Funding 2 security trustee then holds on trust for each of the Funding 2 secured creditors (including secured creditors that accede to the Funding 2 deed of charge in connection with future loan tranches or other Funding 2 intercompany loans); |
| • | it sets out the order in which the cash manager applies money received by Funding 2 prior to enforcement of the security; |
| • | it sets out the enforcement procedures relating to a default by Funding 2 on its covenants under the transaction documents (including provisions relating to the appointment of a receiver); |
| • | it sets out the order in which the Funding 2 security trustee applies money received by Funding 2 after the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2; |
| • | it sets out the appointment of the Funding 2 security trustee, its powers and responsibilities and the limitations on those responsibilities; and |
| • | it sets out how new creditors of Funding 2 can accede to the terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge. |
The Funding 2 deed of charge contains covenants made by Funding 2 in favour of the Funding 2 security trustee on trust for the benefit of itself, any receiver of Funding 2 and the Funding 2 secured creditors. The main covenants are that Funding 2 will pay all amounts due to each of the Funding 2 secured creditors as they become due (subject to limited recourse provisions) and that it will comply with its other obligations under the transaction documents to which it is or will be a party.
Under the Funding 2 deed of charge, Funding 2 will create the following security interests in favour of the Funding 2 security trustee for and on behalf of the Funding 2 secured creditors (the Funding 2 security) in respect of its obligations under the master intercompany loan agreement and the other transaction documents to which it is or will be a party:
| • | an assignment (which is likely to take effect as a floating charge) of the Funding 2 share of the trust property; |
| • | an assignment (which is likely to take effect as a floating charge) of all of its right, benefit and interest in the transaction documents to which Funding 2 is a party from time to time; |
| • | a first ranking fixed charge (which is likely to take effect as a floating charge) over all of the right, title, interest and benefit of Funding 2 in the Funding 2 GIC account and the Funding 2 transaction account, all amounts standing to the credit of those accounts from time to time and all authorised investments purchased from those accounts (including all monies and income payable under them); |
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| • | a first floating charge over all of the property, assets and undertaking of Funding 2 not otherwise secured by any fixed security interest detailed above (but extending over all of Funding 2’s property, assets and undertaking situated in Scotland or the rights to which are governed by Scots law). |
Nature of security – fixed charge |
Whether a fixed security interest expressed to be created by the Funding 2 deed of charge will be upheld under English law as a fixed security interest rather than floating security will depend, among other things, on whether the Funding 2 security trustee has the requisite degree of control over Funding 2’s ability to deal in the relevant assets and the proceeds thereof and, if so, whether such control is exercised by the Funding 2 security trustee in practice. However, it is likely that the Funding 2 security trustee does not exert sufficient control over the accounts of Funding 2 for the charges over those account to take effect as fixed charges. In addition, any assignment, charge or security granted over an asset which is expressed to be a fixed charge may be characterised as a floating charge if the proceeds thereof are paid into a bank account over which the Funding 2 security trustee is not deemed to have sufficient control. Such is likely to be the case in respect of the other security expressed above to be fixed security.
Scots law does not recognise any equivalent concept of fixed charges taking effect as floating charges, as described above in relation to English law.
Nature of security – floating charge |
Unlike the fixed charges, the floating charge does not attach to specific assets but instead “floats” over a class of assets which may change from time to time, allowing Funding 2 to deal with those assets and to give third parties title to those assets free from any encumbrance in the event of sale, discharge or modification, provided those dealings and transfers of title are in the ordinary course of Funding 2’s business. Any of Funding 2’s assets acquired after the programme date (including assets acquired as a result of the disposition of any other asset of Funding 2), which are not subject to the fixed charges mentioned in this section (including all of Funding 2’s Scottish assets) will be subject to the floating charge.
The existence of the floating charge will allow the Funding 2 security trustee to appoint an administrative receiver of Funding 2 as long as the capital markets exemption is available. The main advantage of the Funding 2 security trustee being able to appoint an administrative receiver is that a person entitled to appoint an administrative receiver can prevent the appointment of an administrator of Funding 2, which allows the Funding 2 security trustee to control proceedings in the event any of Funding 2’s other creditors seek such action. See “Risk factors – Changes of law may adversely affect your interests” above relating to the appointment of an administrative receiver.
The interest of the Funding 2 secured creditors in property and assets over which there is a floating charge only will rank behind the expenses of any liquidation or any administration and the claims of certain preferential creditors on enforcement of the Funding 2 security. This means that the expenses of any liquidation or any administration and preferential creditors will be paid out of the proceeds of enforcement of the floating charge ahead of amounts due to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement. Section 250 of the Enterprise Act abolishes crown preference in relation to all insolvencies (and thus reduces the categories of preferential debts that are to be paid in priority to the debts due to the holder of a floating charge) but a new Section 176A of the Insolvency Act (as inserted by Section 251 of the Enterprise Act) requires a “prescribed part” (up to a maximum amount of £600,000) of the floating charge realisation s available for distribution to be set aside to satisfy the claims of unsecured creditors. This means that the expenses of any liquidation or administration, the claims of preferential creditors and the beneficiaries of the prescribed part will be paid out of the proceeds of enforcement of the floating charge ahead of amounts due to noteholders. The prescribed part will not be relevant to property subject to a valid fixed security interest or to a situation in which there are no unsecured creditors.
The floating charge created by the Funding 2 deed of charge may “crystallise” and become a fixed charge over the relevant class of assets owned by Funding 2 at the time of crystallisation. Crystallisation will occur automatically following the occurrence of specific events set out in the
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Funding 2 deed of charge, including, among other events, notice to Funding 2 from the Funding 2 security trustee following a master intercompany loan event of default, except in relation to Funding 2’s Scottish assets where crystallisation will occur only on the appointment of an administrative receiver or on the commencement of the winding-up of Funding 2. A crystallised floating charge will rank ahead of the claims of unsecured creditors, which are in excess of the prescribed part, but will continue to rank behind the expenses of any liquidation or any administration and the claims of preferential creditors (as referred to in this section) and the beneficiaries of the prescribed part on enforcement of the Funding 2 security.
Funding 2 pre-enforcement priority of payments |
The Funding 2 deed of charge sets out the priority of distribution by the cash manager, as at the programme date and prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, of amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 transaction account on each Funding 2 interest payment date. This priority is described in “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available revenue receipts” and “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” below.
The Funding 2 deed of charge sets out the general procedures by which the Funding 2 security trustee may take steps to enforce the Funding 2 security so that the Funding 2 security trustee can protect the interests of each of the Funding 2 secured creditors.
The Funding 2 deed of charge provides that, when exercising its powers, trusts, authorities, duties and discretions, the Funding 2 security trustee must act only in accordance with the directions of the issuing entity security trustee, which (for so long as any notes remain outstanding) must act only in accordance with the directions of the note trustee. This provision may be amended in the event that Funding 2 enters into a new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreement with any new Funding 2 issuing entity or Funding 2 issues any new Funding 2 notes. The Funding 2 security trustee will only act if it is indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction.
The Funding 2 security will become enforceable upon the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice under the master intercompany loan, provided that, if the Funding 2 security has become enforceable otherwise than by reason of a default in payment of any amount due in respect of the AAA loan tranches, the Funding 2 security trustee will not be entitled to dispose of all or part of the assets comprised in the Funding 2 security unless either:
| • | a sufficient amount would be realised to allow a full and immediate discharge of all amounts owing in respect of all AAA loan tranches and all prior ranking amounts due by Funding 2; or |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee is of the sole opinion that the cashflow expected to be received by Funding 2 will not (or that there is a significant risk that it will not) be sufficient, having regard to any other relevant actual, contingent or prospective liabilities of Funding 2, to discharge in full over time all amounts owing in respect of all AAA loan tranches and all prior ranking amounts due by Funding 2. |
Each of the Funding 2 secured creditors (other than the Funding 2 security trustee) will agree under the Funding 2 deed of charge that they will not take steps directly against Funding 2 (other than in accordance with the transaction documents) for any amounts owing to them, unless the Funding 2 security trustee has become bound to institute such proceedings but has failed to do so within 30 days of becoming so bound and the failure is continuing.
Funding 2 post-enforcement priority of payments |
The Funding 2 deed of charge sets out the priority of distribution as at the programme date by the Funding 2 security trustee, following service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice, of amounts received or recovered by the Funding 2 security trustee or a receiver appointed on its behalf. This priority is described in “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 principal
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receipts and Funding 2 revenue receipts following master intercompany loan acceleration” below.
New Funding 2 issuing entities |
If any other Funding 2 issuing entities are established to issue notes and accordingly to make advances to Funding 2, such Funding 2 issuing entities and other applicable creditors of Funding 2 will enter into deeds of accession or supplemental deeds in relation to the Funding 2 deed of charge which may, depending on the type of notes to be issued, require amendments, among other things, to any of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, the Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments and the Funding 2 post-enforcement priority of payments.
Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the Funding 2 security trustee |
The Funding 2 security trustee is appointed to act as trustee on behalf of the Funding 2 secured creditors on the terms and conditions of the Funding 2 deed of charge. It holds the benefit of the Funding 2 security created by the Funding 2 deed of charge on trust for each of the Funding 2 secured creditors in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Funding 2 deed of charge.
The Funding 2 security trustee may concur with any person in making any modifications to the transaction documents only if so directed by the issuing entity security trustee. This provision may be amended in the event that Funding 2 enters into a new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreement with any new Funding 2 issuing entity or Funding 2 issues any new Funding 2 notes directly. The issuing entity security trustee may give such direction only (for so long as any notes remain outstanding) if so directed by the note trustee. The note trustee may give such direction, without the consent or sanction of the noteholders, provided that:
| • | the note trustee is of the opinion that such modification will not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the holders of any series or class of notes; or |
| • | in the sole opinion of the note trustee such modification is necessary to correct a manifest error or an error established as such to the satisfaction of the note trustee or is of a formal, minor or technical nature. |
The note trustee will be entitled to assume that the exercise of its rights, powers, duties and discretions will not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the noteholders if each of the rating agencies has confirmed that the then current rating by it of the notes would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified by such exercise.
In addition, the Funding 2 security trustee will give its consent to any modifications to any transaction document that are requested by Funding 2 (or the cash manager on its behalf), Funding 1 (or the cash manager on its behalf) or the issuing entity (or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf), provided that Funding 2 (or the cash manager on its behalf), Funding 1 (or the cash manager on its behalf) or the issuing entity (or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf) certifies to the Funding 2 security trustee (in writing) that such modifications are required in order to accommodate (among other things):
| (i) | notes to be issued by the issuing entity and/or loan tranches to be made available by the issuing entity to Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement; |
| (ii) | the entry by Funding 2 into new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements and/or the issue of new notes by new Funding 2 issuing entities or by Funding 2 directly the addition of other relevant secured creditors to the transaction; |
| (iii) | the sale of new types of loans or mortgages to the mortgages trustee; |
| (iv) | the inclusion of a new Funding beneficiary as a beneficiary of the mortgages trust; |
| (v) | changes to be made to the Funding 2 reserve required amount, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount and/or the manner in which any Funding 2 reserve fund is funded; |
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| (vi) | different interest payment dates for any new notes to be issued by the issuing entity (including modification of the interest payment dates, the interest periods and/or the basis for the calculation of interest in respect of any outstanding notes and/or the Funding 2 interest payment dates, the interest period and/or the basis for the calculation of interest in respect of any outstanding loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement); and/or |
| (vii) | changes to be made to the definitions of asset trigger event and non-asset trigger event, |
and provided further that:
| • | in respect of the matters listed in paragraph (i) to (iv), the conditions precedent to notes being issued by the issuing entity and/or loan tranches being made available to Funding 2, new notes being issued by new Funding 2 issuing entities or by Funding 2 directly and/or new Funding 2 loans being made available to Funding 2, the sale of new types of loans to the mortgages trustee and the inclusion of a new beneficiary of the mortgages trust have been satisfied; and |
| • | in respect of the matters listed in paragraphs (i) to (vii), the Funding 2 security trustee has received written confirmation from each of the rating agencies then rating the notes that the relevant modifications will not result in a reduction, qualification or withdrawal of the then current ratings of the notes. |
Funding 2 security trustee’s fees and expenses |
Funding 2 shall reimburse the Funding 2 security trustee for all its costs and expenses properly incurred in acting as Funding 2 security trustee. The Funding 2 security trustee shall be entitled to a fee payable quarterly in the amount agreed from time to time by the Funding 2 security trustee and Funding 2. Funding 2 has agreed to indemnify the Funding 2 security trustee and each of its officers, employees and advisers from and against all claims, actions, proceedings, demands, liabilities, losses, damages, costs and expenses arising out of or in connection with:
| • | the transaction documents; or |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee’s engagement as Funding 2 security trustee, |
which it or any of its officers, employees or advisers may suffer as a result of Funding 2 failing to perform any of its obligations.
Funding 2 will not be responsible under the Funding 2 deed of charge for any liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses resulting from fraud, negligence, wilful default or breach by them of the terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge by the Funding 2 security trustee or any of its officers, employees or advisers.
Subject to the appointment of a successor Funding 2 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee may retire after giving three months’ notice in writing to Funding 2. In order to be eligible to act as Funding 2 security trustee, such successor Funding 2 security trustee must agree to be bound by the terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge and must meet the applicable eligibility requirements under the Funding 2 deed of charge, including the requirement that it satisfies the minimum capitalisation and other applicable conditions in regards to trustee eligibility set forth in the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. If within 60 days of having given notice of its intention to retire, Funding 2 has failed to appoint a replacement Funding 2 security trustee, the outgoing Funding 2 security trustee will be entitled to appoint its successor (provided that such successor is acceptable to the rating agencies and agrees to be bound by the terms of the Funding 2 deed of charge, and further provided that such rating agencies confirm that the current ratings of the notes shall not be reduced, qualified or withdrawn as a result of such appointment).
Funding 2 may remove the Funding 2 security trustee at any time provided that it has the consent, which must not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, of each Funding 2 secured creditor to the removal.
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In addition, the Funding 2 security trustee may, subject to conditions specified in the Funding 2 deed of charge, appoint a co-trustee to act jointly with it.
Additional provisions of the Funding 2 deed of charge |
The Funding 2 deed of charge contains a range of provisions regulating the scope of the Funding 2 security trustee’s duties and liabilities. These include the following:
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee will, if reasonably practicable, give prior written notification to the seller of the Funding 2 security trustee’s intention to enforce the Funding 2 security (although any failure to so notify will not prejudice the ability of the Funding 2 security trustee to enforce the Funding 2 security); |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee is not responsible for the adequacy or enforceability of the Funding 2 deed of charge or the security interests created thereby or by any other transaction document; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee is not required to exercise its powers under the Funding 2 deed of charge without (so long as Funding 2 has not entered into a new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreement with a new Funding 2 issuing entity or issued any new Funding 2 notes directly) being directed or requested to do so by the issuing entity security trustee (and then only to the extent that it is indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction) which (for so long as the notes remain outstanding) may not be given unless the issuing entities security trustee has been directed or requested to do so by the note trustee. The note trustee is not obliged to give such direction or request to the issuing entity security trustee unless it is directed or requested to do so by an extraordinary resolution of any class of the noteholders (which for this purpose means the noteholders of all series of notes constituting that class) or in writing by the holders of at least 25 per cent. of the aggregate princi pal amount outstanding of any class of the notes then outstanding (which for this purpose means the noteholders of all series of notes constituting that class) (and then only to the extent that it is indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction) provided that: |
| | (i) | the note trustee will not act at the direction or request of the class B noteholders unless either so to do would not, in its opinion, be materially prejudicial to the interests of the class A noteholders or the action is sanctioned by an extraordinary resolution of the class A noteholders; |
| | (ii) | the note trustee will not act at the direction or request of the class M noteholders unless either so to do would not in its discretion, be materially prejudicial to the interests of the class A noteholders and/or the class B noteholders or the action is sanctioned by extraordinary resolutions of the class A noteholders and the class B noteholders; |
| | (iii) | the note trustee will not act at the direction or request of the class C noteholders unless either so to do would not, in its opinion, be materially prejudicial to the interests of the class A noteholders, the class B noteholders and/or the class M noteholders or the action is sanctioned by extraordinary resolutions of the class A noteholders, the class B noteholders and the class M noteholders; and |
| | (iv) | the note trustee will not act at the direction or request of the class D noteholders unless either so to do would not, in its opinion, be materially prejudicial to the interests of the class A noteholders, the class B noteholders, the class M noteholders and/or the class C noteholders or the action is sanctioned by extraordinary resolutions of the class A noteholders, the class B noteholders, the class M noteholders and the class C noteholders; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee may rely (without investigation or further inquiry) on documents provided by the mortgages trustee, Funding 2 and the cash manager, the ratings agencies and the advice of consultants and advisers and shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising as a result of such reliance; |
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| • | the Funding 2 security trustee is not required to monitor compliance by Funding 2 with the transaction documents or whether a master intercompany loan event of default under the master intercompany loan agreement has occurred (and will be taken not to have knowledge of the occurrence thereof unless notified by a Funding 2 secured creditor in accordance with the Funding 2 deed of charge); |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee has no duties or responsibilities except those set out in the Funding 2 deed of charge; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee will be taken not to have knowledge of the occurrence of a master intercompany loan event of default under the master intercompany loan agreement unless the Funding 2 security trustee has received written notice from a Funding 2 secured creditor stating that a master intercompany loan event of default has occurred and describing that master intercompany loan event of default; |
| • | any action taken by the Funding 2 security trustee under the Funding 2 deed of charge or any transaction document binds all of the Funding 2 secured creditors; |
| • | each Funding 2 secured creditor must make its own independent investigations, without reliance on the Funding 2 security trustee, as to the affairs of Funding 2 and whether or not to request that the Funding 2 security trustee take any particular course of action under any transaction document; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee in a capacity other than as Funding 2 security trustee can exercise its rights and powers as such as if it were not acting as the Funding 2 security trustee; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee and its affiliates may engage in any kind of business with Funding 2 or any of the Funding 2 secured creditors as if it were not the Funding 2 security trustee and may receive consideration for services in connection with any transaction document or otherwise without having to account to the Funding 2 secured creditors; |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee generally has no liability under or in connection with the Funding 2 deed of charge or any other transaction document, whether to a Funding 2 secured creditor or otherwise, other than to the extent to which (1) the liability is able to be satisfied in accordance with the Funding 2 deed of charge out of the property held by it on trust under the Funding 2 deed of charge and (2) it is actually indemnified for the liability. This limitation of liability does not apply to a liability of the Funding 2 security trustee to the extent that it is not satisfied because there is a reduction in the extent of the Funding 2 security trustee’s indemnification as a result of its negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust; and |
| • | the Funding 2 security trustee is not responsible for any deficiency which may arise because it is liable to tax in respect of the proceeds of security. |
The Funding 2 security trustee has had no involvement in the preparation of any part of this prospectus, other than any particular reference to the Funding 2 security trustee. The Funding 2 security trustee expressly disclaims and takes no responsibility for any other part of this prospectus. The Funding 2 security trustee makes no statement or representation in this prospectus, has not authorised or caused the issue of any part of it and takes no responsibility for any part of it. The Funding 2 security trustee does not guarantee the performance of the master intercompany loan or the payment of principal of or interest on the master intercompany loan.
The Funding 2 deed of charge is governed by English law.
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Security for the issuing entity’s obligations
The issuing entity will provide security for its obligations under the notes and the other transaction documents to which it is or will be a party by entering into the issuing entity deed of charge with the issuing entity secured creditors (other than the noteholders).
A summary of the material terms of the issuing entity deed of charge is set out below. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the issuing entity deed of charge. This prospectus forms part of the registration statement and a form of the issuing entity deed of charge has been filed as an exhibit to that registration statement.
The issuing entity deed of charge has six primary functions:
| • | it sets out covenants of the issuing entity; |
| • | it creates security interests in favour of the issuing entity security trustee which the issuing entity security trustee then holds on trust for each of the issuing entity secured creditors (including secured creditors that accede to the issuing entity deed of charge in connection with future series and classes of notes); |
| • | it sets out the enforcement procedures relating to a default by the issuing entity of its covenants under the transaction documents (including the appointment of a receiver); |
| • | it sets out the order in which the issuing entity security trustee applies monies standing to the credit of the issuing entity transaction account following the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity; |
| • | it sets out the appointment of the issuing entity security trustee, its powers and responsibilities and the limitations on those responsibilities; and |
| • | it sets out how creditors of the issuing entity can accede to the terms of the issuing entity deed of charge. |
Covenants of the issuing entity |
The issuing entity deed of charge contains covenants made by the issuing entity in favour of the issuing entity security trustee on trust for the benefit of itself, any receiver of the issuing entity and the issuing entity secured creditors. The main covenants are that the issuing entity will pay all amounts due to each of the issuing entity secured creditors as they become due (subject to applicable deferral provisions) and that it will comply with its other obligations under the transaction documents to which it is or will be a party.
Under the issuing entity deed of charge, the issuing entity will create the following security interests in favour of the issuing entity security trustee for and on behalf of the issuing entity secured creditors (the issuing entity security), in respect of its obligations under the notes and the other transaction documents to which it is or will be a party:
| • | an assignment (which is likely to take effect as a floating charge) of all of the issuing entity’s right, benefit and interest under the transaction documents to which it is a party from time to time, including the master intercompany loan agreement, the Funding 2 deed of charge, the issuing entity swap agreements, the issuing entity swap guarantees (if any), the paying agent and agent bank agreement, the underwriting agreements, the subscription agreements, the issuing entity corporate services agreement, the issuing entity bank account agreement, the issuing entity cash management agreement and the issuing entity trust deed; |
| • | a first ranking fixed charge (which is likely to take effect as a floating charge) over all of issuing entity’s right, title, interest and benefit in the issuing entity transaction account and any other issuing entity bank account and all amounts standing to the credit of these accounts from time to time; |
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| • | a first ranking fixed charge (which is likely to take effect as a floating charge) over all of the issuing entity’s right, title, interest and benefit in all authorised investments purchased by or on behalf of the issuing entity (including all monies and income payable under them); and |
| • | a first floating charge over all of the issuing entity’s property, assets and undertaking not otherwise secured by any fixed security interest detailed above (but extending over all of the issuing entity’s property, assets and undertaking situated in Scotland or the rights to which are governed by Scots law). |
Nature of security – fixed charge |
Whether a fixed security interest expressed to be created by the issuing entity deed of charge will be upheld under English law as a fixed security interest rather than floating security will depend, among other things, on whether the issuing entity security trustee has the requisite degree of control over the issuing entity’s ability to deal in the relevant assets and the proceeds thereof and, if so, whether such control is exercised by the issuing entity security trustee in practice. However, it is likely that the issuing entity security trustee does not exert sufficient control over the issuing entity transaction account for the charges over such account to take effect as a fixed charge. In addition, any assignment, charge or security granted over an asset which is expressed to be a fixed charge may be characterised a floating charge if the proceeds thereof are paid into a bank account over which the issuing entity security trustee is not deemed to have s ufficient control. Such may be the case in respect of the other security expressed above to be fixed security.
Scots law does not recognise any equivalent concept of fixed charges taking effect as floating charges, as described above in relation to English law.
Nature of security – floating charge |
Unlike the fixed charges, the floating charge does not attach to specific assets but instead “floats” over a class of assets which may change from time to time, allowing the issuing entity to deal with those assets and to give third parties title to those assets free from any encumbrance in the event of sale, discharge or modification, provided those dealings and transfers of title are in the ordinary course of the issuing entity’s business. Any assets acquired by the issuing entity after the programme date (including assets acquired as a result of the disposition of any other assets of the issuing entity) which are not subject to the fixed charges mentioned in this section (including all of the issuing entity’s Scottish assets) will also be subject to the floating charge.
The existence of the floating charge will allow the issuing entity security trustee to appoint an administrative receiver of the issuing entity as long as the capital markets exemption is available. The main advantage of the issuing entity security trustee being able to appoint an administrative receiver is that a person entitled to appoint an administrative receiver can prevent the appointment of an administrator of the issuing entity, which allows the issuing entity security trustee to control proceedings in the event the issuing entity’s other creditors seek such action. However, see “Risk factors – Changes of law may adversely affect your interests” above relating to the appointment of administrative receivers.
The interest of the issuing entity secured creditors in property and assets over which there is a floating charge will rank behind the expenses of any liquidation or administration and the claims of certain preferential creditors on enforcement of the issuing entity security. This means that the expenses of any liquidation or any administration and the claims of preferential creditors will be paid out of the proceeds of enforcement of the floating charge ahead of amounts due to the noteholders. Section 250 of the Enterprise Act abolishes crown preference in relation to all insolvencies (and thus reduces the categories of preferential debts that are to be paid in priority to debts due to the holder of a floating charge) but a new Section 176A of the Insolvency Act (as inserted by Section 251 of the Enterprise Act) requires a “prescribed part” (up to a maximum amount of £600,000) of the floating charge realisations available for distribution to be se t aside to satisfy the claims of unsecured creditors. This means that the expenses of any liquidation or administration, the claims of preferential creditors and the beneficiaries of the prescribed part will be paid out of the proceeds of enforcement of the floating charge ahead of amounts due to
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noteholders. The prescribed part will not be relevant to property subject to a valid fixed security interest or to a situation in which there are no unsecured creditors.
The floating charge created by the issuing entity deed of charge may “crystallise” and become a fixed charge over the relevant class of assets owned by the issuing entity at the time of crystallisation. Except in relation to the issuing entity’s Scottish assets, crystallisation will occur automatically following the occurrence of specific events set out in the issuing entity deed of charge, including, among other events, service of a note acceleration notice to the issuing entity from the note trustee following an event of default under the notes. In relation to the issuing entity’s Scottish assets, crystallisation will occur only on the appointment of an administrative receiver or on the commencement of the winding-up of the issuing entity. A crystallised floating charge will rank ahead of the claims of unsecured creditors which are in excess of the prescribed part, but will rank behind the expenses of any liquidation or administration, the c laims of preferential creditors (as referred to in this section) and the beneficiaries of the prescribed part on enforcement of the issuing entity security.
If at any time the issuing entity security become enforceable, the note trustee may (for so long as any notes remain outstanding) instruct the issuing entity security trustee to take such steps as it may think fit to enforce the issuing entity security. The issuing entity security trustee is not bound to take such steps unless it is so directed by the note trustee (for so long as any notes remain outstanding) and indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction.
The issuing entity security will become enforceable upon the service of a note acceleration notice or, if there are no notes outstanding, following a default in payment of any other secured obligation of the issuing entity, provided that, if the issuing entity security has become enforceable otherwise than by reason of a default in payment of any amount due on the notes, the issuing entity security trustee will not be entitled to dispose of all or part of the assets comprised in the issuing entity security unless either:
| • | a sufficient amount would be realised to allow a full and immediate discharge of all amounts owing in respect of the class A notes or, if the class A notes have been fully repaid, the class B notes or, if the class B notes have been fully repaid, the class M notes or, if the class M notes have been fully repaid, the class C notes or, if the class C notes have been fully repaid, the class D notes and all prior ranking amounts due by the issuing entity; or |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee is of the sole opinion that the cashflow expected to be received by the issuing entity will not (or that there is a significant risk that it will not) be sufficient, having regard to any other relevant actual, contingent or prospective liabilities of the issuing entity, to discharge in full over time all amounts owing in respect of the class A notes or, if the class A notes have been fully repaid, the class B notes or, if the class B notes have been fully repaid, the class M notes or, if the class M notes have been fully repaid, the class C notes or, if the class C notes have been fully repaid, the class D notes and all prior ranking amounts due by the issuing entity. |
Each of the issuing entity secured creditors (other than the note trustee acting on behalf of the noteholders and the issuing entity security trustee) will agree under the issuing entity deed of charge that they will not take steps directly against the issuing entity (other than in accordance with the transaction documents) for any amounts owing to them, unless the issuing entity security trustee has become bound to institute such proceedings but has failed to do so within 30 days of becoming so bound and the failure is continuing.
Issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments |
The issuing entity deed of charge sets out the priority of distribution as at the programme date by the issuing entity security trustee (following service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity but prior to service of a master intercompany loan acceration notice on Funding 2 and following service of both a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity and a master intercompany
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loan acceleration notice on Funding 2) of amounts received or recovered by the issuing entity security trustee or a receiver appointed on its behalf. There are two separate payment orders of priority depending on whether the Funding 2 security trustee has served a master intercompany loan acceleration notice. These orders of priority are described in “Cashflows” below.
New issuing entity secured creditors |
New issuing entity secured creditors will enter into deeds of accession in relation to the issuing entity deed of charge upon or immediately prior to the issue of a new series or class of notes.
Appointment, powers, responsibilities and liabilities of the issuing entity security trustee |
The issuing entity security trustee is appointed to act as trustee on behalf of the issuing entity secured creditors on the terms and conditions of the issuing entity deed of charge. It holds the benefit of the security created by the issuing entity deed of charge on trust for each of the issuing entity secured creditors in accordance with the terms and conditions of the issuing entity deed of charge.
The issuing entity security trustee may concur, or direct the Funding 2 security trustee to concur with any person in making any modifications to the transaction documents only (for so long as any notes remain outstanding) if so directed by the note trustee and (as provided for in the issuing entity deed of charge) with the prior consent of any other relevant issuing entity secured creditors. The note trustee may give such direction, without the consent or sanction of the noteholders provided that:
| • | the note trustee is of the opinion that such modification will not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the holders of any series or class of notes; or |
| • | in the sole opinion of the note trustee such modification is necessary to correct a manifest error or an error established as such to the satisfaction of the note trustee or is of a formal, minor or technical nature. |
The issuing entity security trustee will be entitled to assume that the exercise of its rights, powers, duties and discretions will not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the noteholders if each of the rating agencies has confirmed that the then current rating by it of the notes would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified by such exercise.
In addition, the issuing entity security trustee will give its consent to any modifications to any transaction document that are requested by Funding 2 (or the cash manager on its behalf) Funding 1 (or the cash manager on its behalf) or the issuing entity (or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf), provided that Funding 2 (or the cash manager on its behalf) Funding 1 (or the cash manager on its behalf) or the issuing entity (or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf) certifies to the issuing entity security trustee in writing that such modifications are required in order to accommodate (among other things):
| (i) | notes to be issued by the issuing entity and/or loan tranches to be made available by the issuing entity to Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement; |
| (ii) | the entry by Funding 2 into new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements and/or the issue of new notes by new Funding 2 issuing entities or Funding 2 directly; |
| (iii) | the addition of other relevant secured creditors to the transaction documents; |
| (iv) | the sale of new types of loans or mortgages to the mortgages trustee; |
| (v) | the inclusion of a new Funding beneficiary as a beneficiary of the mortgages trust; |
| (vi) | changes to be made to the Funding 2 reserve required amount, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount and/or the manner in which any Funding 2 reserve fund is funded; |
| (vii) | different interest payment dates for any new notes to be issued by the issuing entity (including modification of the interest payment dates, the interest period and/or the basis for the calculation of interest in respect of any outstanding notes and/or the Funding 2 |
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| | interest payment dates, the interest period and/or basis for the calculation of interest in respect of any outstanding loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement); and/or |
| (viii) | changes to be made to the definitions of asset trigger event and non-asset trigger event, |
and provided further that:
| • | in respect of the matters listed in paragraph (i) to (iv), the conditions precedent to notes being issued by the issuing entity and/or loan tranches being made available to Funding 2, new notes being issued by new Funding 2 issuing entities or by Funding 2 directly and/or new Funding 2 loan being made available to Funding 2, the sale of new types of loans to the mortgages trustee and the inclusion of a new beneficiary of the mortgages trust have been satisfied; and |
| • | in respect of the matters listed in paragraphs (i) to (vii), the issuing entity security trustee has received written confirmation from each of the rating agencies then rating the notes that the relevant modifications will not result in a reduction, qualification or withdrawal of the then current ratings of the notes. |
Issuing entity security trustee’s fees and expenses |
The issuing entity will reimburse the issuing entity security trustee for all its costs and expenses properly incurred in acting as issuing entity security trustee. The issuing entity security trustee shall be entitled to a fee payable quarterly in the amount agreed from time to time by the issuing entity security trustee and the issuing entity. The issuing entity has agreed to indemnify the issuing entity security trustee and each of its officers, employees and advisers from and against all claims, actions, proceedings, demands, liabilities, losses, damages, costs and expenses arising out of or in connection with:
| • | the transaction documents; or |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee’s engagement as issuing entity security trustee, |
which it or any of its officers, employees or advisers may suffer as a result of the issuing entity failing to perform any of its obligations.
The issuing entity will not be responsible under the issuing entity deed of charge for any liabilities, losses, damages, costs or expenses resulting from the fraud, negligence or wilful default on the part of the issuing entity security trustee or any of its officers, employees and advisers or breach by them of the terms of the issuing entity deed of charge.
Subject to the appointment of a successor issuing entity security trustee, the issuing entity security trustee may retire after giving three months’ notice in writing to the issuing entity. In order to be eligible to act as issuing entity security trustee, such successor issuing entity security trustee must agree to be bound by the terms of the issuing entity deed of charge and must meet the applicable eligibility requirements under the issuing entity deed of charge, including the requirement that it satisfies the minimum capitalisation and other applicable conditions in regards to trustee eligibility set forth in the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. If within 60 days of having given notice of its intention to retire, the issuing entity has failed to appoint a replacement issuing entity security trustee, the outgoing issuing entity security trustee will be entitled to appoint its successor (provided that such successor is acceptable to the rating agencies and agrees to be bound by the terms of the issuing entity deed of charge, and further provided that rating agencies confirm that the current ratings of the notes shall not be reduced, qualified or withdrawn as a result of such appointment).
The issuing entity may remove the issuing entity security trustee at any time providing that it has the consent, which must not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, of each of the issuing entity secured creditors to the removal.
In addition, the issuing entity security trustee may, subject to the conditions specified in the issuing entity deed of charge, appoint a co-trustee to act jointly with it.
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Additional provisions of the issuing entity deed of charge |
The issuing entity deed of charge contains a range of provisions regulating the scope of the issuing entity security trustee’s duties and liability. These include the following:
| • | the issuing entity security trustee will, if reasonably practicable, give prior written notification to the seller of the issuing entity security trustee’s intention to enforce the issuing entity security (although any failure to so notify will not prejudice the ability of the issuing entity security trustee to enforce the issuing entity security); |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee is not responsible for the adequacy or enforceability of the issuing entity deed of charge or the security interests created thereby or by any other transaction document; |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee is not required to exercise its powers under the issuing entity deed of charge without (for so long as the notes remain outstanding) being directed or requested to do so by the note trustee (and then only to the extent that it is indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction); |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee may rely (without investigation or further inquiry) on documents provided by the issuing entity, the issuing entity cash manager, the issuing entity swap providers, the agent bank, the paying agents, the registrar, the transfer agent, the issuing entity account bank, the issuing entity corporate services provider, the rating agencies and the advice of consultants and advisers and shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising as a result of such reliance; |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee is not required to monitor compliance by the issuing entity with the transaction documents or whether a note event of default has occurred (and will be taken not to have knowledge of the occurrence thereof unless notified by an issuing entity secured creditor in accordance with the issuing entity deed of charge); |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee may rely (without investigation or further inquiry) on any instructions or directions given to it by the note trustee as being given on behalf of the relevant class of noteholders without inquiry about compliance with the issuing entity trust deed and shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising as a result of such reliance; |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee has no duties or responsibilities except those expressly set out in the issuing entity deed of charge or the transaction documents; |
| • | any action taken by the issuing entity security trustee under the issuing entity deed of charge or any of the transaction documents binds all of the issuing entity secured creditors; |
| • | each issuing entity secured creditor must make its own independent investigations, without reliance on the issuing entity security trustee, as to the affairs of issuing entity and whether or not to request that the issuing entity security trustee take any particular course of action under any transaction document; |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee in a capacity other than as issuing entity security trustee can exercise its rights and powers as such as if it were not acting as the issuing entity security trustee; |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee and its affiliates may engage in any kind of business with the issuing entity or any of the issuing entity secured creditors as if it were not the issuing entity security trustee and may receive consideration for services in connection with any transaction document or otherwise without having to account to the issuing entity secured creditors; |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee has no liability under or in connection with the issuing entity deed of charge or any other transaction document, whether to an issuing entity secured creditor or otherwise, (1) other than to the extent to which the liability is able to be satisfied in accordance with the issuing entity deed of charge out of the property held by it on trust under the issuing entity deed of charge and (2) it is actually indemnified for the liability. This limitation of liability does not apply to a liability of the issuing entity |
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| • | security trustee to the extent that it is not satisfied because there is a reduction in the extent of the issuing entity security trustee’s indemnification as a result of its negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust; and |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee is not responsible for any deficiency which may arise because it is liable to tax in respect of the proceeds of security. |
The issuing entity security trustee has had no involvement in the preparation of any part of this prospectus, other than any particular reference to the issuing entity security trustee. The issuing entity security trustee expressly disclaims and takes no responsibility for any other part of this prospectus. The issuing entity security trustee makes no statement or representation in this prospectus, has not authorised or caused the issue of any part of it and takes no responsibility for any part of it. The issuing entity security trustee does not guarantee the success of the notes or the payment of principal or interest on the notes.
Trust Indenture Act prevails |
The issuing entity deed of charge contains a provision that, if any other provision of the issuing entity deed of charge limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in the issuing entity deed of charge by, and is not subject to contractual waiver under the US Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, then the required provision of that Act will prevail.
The issuing entity deed of charge will be governed by English law.
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Cashflows
Definition of Funding 2 available revenue receipts |
Funding 2 available revenue receipts for each Funding 2 interest payment date will be calculated by the cash manager on the day falling four business days prior to such Funding 2 interest payment date and will be an amount equal to the sum of:
| • | all mortgages trust available revenue receipts distributed or to be distributed to Funding 2 during the then current interest period; |
| • | any amounts paid or to be paid by the seller to Funding 2 during the then current interest period in consideration of the seller acquiring a further interest in the trust property (see “The mortgages trust – Acquisition by seller of an interest relating to capitalised interest” above); |
| • | other net income of Funding 2 including all amounts of interest received on the Funding 2 GIC account, the Funding 2 transaction account and/or authorised investments and amounts received by Funding 2 under the Funding 2 swap agreement (other than any early termination amount received by Funding 2 under the Funding 2 swap agreement), in each case received or to be received during the then current interest period; |
| • | the amounts then standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve ledger, subject to any limits or conditions on the purposes for which the Funding 2 general reserve fund may be utilised; |
| • | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred and is continuing, and there are no amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve ledger, the amounts then standing to the credit of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger and available to be drawn, to the extent necessary to pay the items in paragraphs (A) to (D), (F), (H), (J) and (L) in the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments; |
| • | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred but is no longer continuing due to an increase in the seller’s rating since the preceding Funding 2 interest payment date, and Funding 2 elects to terminate the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, all amounts standing to the credit of the liquidity reserve ledger; and |
| • | any amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger in excess of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount as a result of a reduction in the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount. |
Funding 2 available revenue receipts does not include:
| • | any payment made by the seller and/or Funding 1 to Funding 2 on such Funding 2 interest payment date as described in “The mortgages trust – Payment by the seller and/or Funding 1 of the amount outstanding under a loan tranche” above; |
| • | any proceeds of a new loan tranche received by Funding 2 during the then current interest period as described in “The master intercompany loan agreement – The facility” above and any proceeds of a new Funding 2 intercompany loan received by Funding 2 during the then current interest period as described in “The master intercompany loan agreement – Other Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements” above. |
Four business days prior to each Funding 2 interest payment date, the cash manager will calculate whether Funding 2 available revenue receipts (as calculated above) will be sufficient to pay items (A) to (D), (F), (H), (J) and (L) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments.
If the cash manager determines that there is an insufficiency, then Funding 2 shall pay or provide for that insufficiency by (a) first, applying amounts then standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger (if any) and (b) second, applying any amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger after first applying the amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger (if any) from such ledger, and the cash manager shall make a corresponding entry in the relevant Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger, as described in “Credit
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structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below Funding 2 principal receipts thus applied may not be used to pay interest on any loan tranche if and to the extent that would result in a deficiency being recorded, or an existing deficiency being increased, on a principal deficiency sub-ledger relating to a loan tranche with a higher rating designation.
If the cash manager determines that there is an excess of Funding 2 available revenue receipts over the amount required to pay the specified items in the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, then Funding 2 shall apply such excess to extinguish any balance on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger, as described in “Credit structure – Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below.
Distribution of Funding 2 available revenue receipts before master intercompany loan acceleration |
This section sets out the priority of payments of Funding 2 available revenue receipts as at the programme date. If Funding 2 enters into new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements, then this priority will change. See “Risk Factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
Except for amounts due to third parties (other than parties to the transaction documents) by the issuing entity and/or Funding 2 under item (A) or amounts due to the account bank and/or the issuing entity account bank, which will be paid when due, on each Funding 2 interest payment date prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, the cash manager will apply (i) the Funding 2 available revenue receipts for such date and (ii) if Funding 2 available revenue receipts for such date are insufficient to pay items (A) to (D), (F), (H), (J), and (L) below amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger and the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger (in the manner described above), in the following priority (the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments):
| (A) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to: |
| | • | the Funding 2 security trustee (together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts) and to provide for any amounts due or to become due in the immediately following interest period to the Funding 2 security trustee under the Funding 2 deed of charge; |
| | • | to pay amounts due to the issuing entity, by way of payment of the senior fee, in respect of the issuing entity’s obligations specified in items (A) to (C) inclusive of the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments or, as the case may be, items (A) and (B) of the issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments, as described in “– Distribution of issuing entity revenue receipts before note acceleration” below and “– Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts and issuing entity revenue receipts after note acceleration and master intercompany loan acceleration” below; and |
| | • | any third party creditors of Funding 2 (other than those referred to later in this priority of payments), which amounts have been incurred without breach by Funding 2 of the transaction documents to which it is a party and to provide for any of these amounts expected to become due and payable in the immediately following interest period by Funding 2 and to pay or discharge any liability of Funding 2 for corporation tax on any chargeable income or gain of Funding 2; |
| (B) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of amounts, if any, due and payable by Funding 2 to: |
| | • | the account bank under the terms of the bank account agreement; |
| | • | the cash manager under the terms of the cash management agreement; and |
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| | • | the corporate services provider under the terms of the corporate services agreement and the post-enforcement call option holder corporate services agreement; |
| (C) | towards payment of all amounts (if any) due and payable to the Funding 2 swap provider under the Funding 2 swap agreement (including termination payments, but excluding any Funding 2 swap excluded termination amount); |
| (D) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of interest due and payable on the AAA loan tranches; |
| (E) | towards a credit to the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger in an amount sufficient to eliminate any debit on that ledger; |
| (F) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of interest due and payable on the AA loan tranches; |
| (G) | towards a credit to the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger in an amount sufficient to eliminate any debit on that ledger; |
| (H) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of interest due and payable on the A loan tranches; |
| (I) | towards a credit to the A principal deficiency sub-ledger in an amount sufficient to eliminate any debit on that ledger; |
| (J) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of interest due and payable on the BBB loan tranches; |
| (K) | towards a credit to the BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger in an amount sufficient to eliminate any debit on that ledger; |
| (L) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of interest due and payable on the BB loan tranches; |
| (M) | towards a credit to the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger in an amount sufficient to eliminate any debit on that ledger; |
| (N) | towards payment of any amounts due to the issuing entity in respect of its obligations (if any) to make a termination payment to an issuing entity swap provider (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount); |
| (O) | towards a credit to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 reserve required amount, taking into account any net replenishment of the Funding 2 general reserve fund on that Funding 2 interest payment date from Funding 2 available principal receipts (see item (A) of the relevant Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments); |
| (P) | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred and is continuing, towards a credit to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount, taking into account any net replenishment of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund on that Funding 2 interest payment date from Funding 2 available principal receipts (see item (B) of the relevant Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments); |
| (Q) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay (without double counting): |
| | • | after the occurrence of a Funding 2 swap provider default or a Funding 2 swap provider downgrade termination event, any termination amount due and payable by Funding 2 under the Funding 2 swap agreement; |
| | • | to the issuing entity in respect of its obligations (if any) to pay any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount; and |
| | • | any other amounts due to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement and not otherwise provided for in this priority of payments; |
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| (R) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of amounts due to the Funding 2 start-up loan provider under each Funding 2 start-up loan agreement; |
| (S) | towards payment to Funding 2 of an amount equal to 0.01 per cent. of the Funding 2 available revenue receipts; |
| (T) | towards payment to the seller of any deferred consideration due to the seller pursuant to the terms of the mortgage sale agreement (the deferred consideration); and |
| (U) | the balance (if any) to Funding 2. |
Definition of issuing entity revenue receipts |
Issuing entity revenue receipts will be calculated by the issuing entity cash manager four business days prior to each quarterly interest payment date and will be an amount equal to the sum of:
| • | interest to be paid by Funding 2 on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date in respect of the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement; |
| • | fees to be paid to the issuing entity by Funding 2 on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date under the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement; |
| • | interest payable on the issuing entity bank accounts and any authorised investments and which will be received on or before the relevant quarterly interest payment date; |
| • | other net income of the issuing entity including amounts received or to be received under the issuing entity swap agreements on or before the relevant quarterly interest payment date (including any amount received by the issuing entity in consideration for entering into a replacement issuing entity swap agreement, but excluding (i) the return or transfer of any excess swap collateral as set out under any of the issuing entity swap agreements and (ii) in respect of each issuing entity swap provider, prior to the designation of an early termination date under the relevant issuing entity swap agreement and the resulting application of the collateral by way of netting or set-off, an amount equal to the value of all collateral (other than excess swap collateral) provided by such issuing entity swap provider to the issuing entity pursuant to the relevant issuing entity swap agreement (and any interest or distributions in respect thereof)); and |
| • | any additional amount the issuing entity receives from any taxing authority on account of amounts paid to that taxing authority for and on account of tax by an issuing entity swap provider under an issuing entity swap agreement. |
On each Funding 2 interest payment date, all Funding 2 available revenue receipts received by the issuing entity in respect of interest paid on a loan tranche and any payment due by the issuing entity to an issuing entity swap provider in relation to the corresponding class of notes will be credited to a sub-ledger (in respect of the related series and class of notes) on the issuing entity revenue ledger (being, the ledger on which the issuing entity cash manager records issuing entity revenue receipts received and paid out of the issuing entity).
Distribution of issuing entity revenue receipts before note acceleration |
Prior to the occurrence of a pass-through trigger event, the issuing entity cash manager (on behalf of the issuing entity) shall on each monthly interest payment date apply amounts received by the issuing entity from any relevant issuing entity swap provider in respect of any issuing entity swap relating to any money market notes to pay interest due on those money market notes.
In addition, the issuing entity cash management agreement sets out the priority of distribution by the issuing entity cash manager, prior to the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity, of amounts received by the issuing entity on each quarterly interest payment date. The order of priority will be as described in this section as supplemented by the prospectus supplement related to each series.
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Except for amounts due to third parties by the issuing entity under item (B) below, amounts due to the issuing entity account bank under item (C) below, amounts payable to any replacement swap provider using any termination payment received by the issuing entity in respect of the corresponding issuing entity swap agreement or amounts payable to an issuing entity swap provider (other than amounts pursuant to item (I) below) using any premium recovered from any replacement swap provider, which will be paid when due, on each quarterly interest payment date the issuing entity cash manager will apply issuing entity revenue receipts in the following priority (the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments):
| (A) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to: |
| | • | the issuing entity security trustee, together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due or to become due during the following interest period to the issuing entity security trustee under the issuing entity deed of charge; |
| | • | the note trustee, together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due or to become due during the following interest period to the note trustee under the issuing entity trust deed; and |
| | • | the agent bank, the paying agents, the registrar and the transfer agent, together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts, and any costs, charges, liabilities and expenses then due or to become due during the following interest period to the agent bank, the registrar, the transfer agent and the paying agents under the issuing entity paying agent and agent bank agreement; |
| (B) | to pay amounts due to any third party creditors of the issuing entity (other than those referred to later in this priority of payments), which amounts have been incurred without breach by the issuing entity of the transaction documents to which it is a party and for which payment has not been provided for elsewhere and to provide for any of those amounts expected to become due and payable during the following interest period by the issuing entity and to pay or discharge any liability of the issuing entity for corporation tax on any chargeable income or gain of the issuing entity; |
| (C) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to: |
| | • | the issuing entity cash manager, together with any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due, or to become due to the issuing entity cash manager in the immediately succeeding interest period, under the issuing entity cash management agreement; |
| | • | the issuing entity corporate services provider, together with VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due, or to become due to the corporate service provider in the immediately succeeding interest period, under the issuing entity corporate services agreement; and |
| | • | the issuing entity account bank, together with VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due, or to become due to the issuing entity account bank in the immediately succeeding interest period, under the issuing entity bank account agreement; |
| (D) | from amounts (excluding principal) received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each AAA loan tranche (and, in respect of (ii) below, the amounts (if any), excluding principal, received from the issuing entity swap provider(s) under the issuing entity swap agreement(s) in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay the amounts due and payable to the relevant issuing entity swap provider(s) (if any) in respect of the related series and class of class A notes (including any termination payment, but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreement; |
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| | (ii) | to pay interest due and payable (if any) on the related series and class of class A notes on such interest payment date; |
| (E) | from amounts (excluding principal) received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each AA loan tranche (and, in respect of (ii) below, the amounts (if any), excluding principal, received from the issuing entity swap provider(s) under the issuing entity swap agreement(s) in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay the amounts due and payable to the relevant issuing entity swap provider(s) (if any) in respect of the related series and class of class B notes (including any termination payment, but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreement; |
| | (ii) | to pay interest due and payable (if any) on the related series and class of class B notes on such interest payment date; |
| (F) | from amounts (excluding principal) received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each A loan tranche (and, in respect of (ii) below, the amounts (if any), excluding principal, received from the issuing entity swap provider(s) under the issuing entity swap agreement(s) in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay the amounts due and payable to the relevant issuing entity swap provider(s) (if any) in respect of the related series and class of class M notes (including any termination payment, but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreement; |
| | (ii) | to pay interest due and payable (if any) on the related series and class of class M notes on such interest payment date; |
| (G) | from amounts (excluding principal) received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each BBB loan tranche (and, in respect of (ii) below, the amounts (if any), excluding principal, received from the issuing entity swap provider(s) under the issuing entity swap agreement(s) in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay the amounts due and payable to the relevant issuing entity swap provider(s) (if any) in respect of the related series and class of class C notes (including any termination payment, but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreement; |
| | (ii) | to pay interest due and payable (if any) on the related series and class of class C notes on such interest payment date; |
| (H) | from amounts (excluding principal) received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each BB loan tranche (and, in respect of (ii) below, the amounts (if any), excluding principal, received from the issuing entity swap provider(s) under the issuing entity swap agreement(s) in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay the amounts due and payable to the relevant issuing entity swap provider(s) (if any) in respect of the related series and class of class D notes (including any termination payment, but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreement; |
| | (ii) | to pay interest due and payable (if any) on the related series and class of class D notes on such interest payment date; |
| (I) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay any issuing entity swap excluded termination payment due to an issuing entity swap provider; and |
| (J) | the balance (if any) to the issuing entity. |
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Prior to the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity, on each quarterly interest payment date, the amounts standing to the credit of any sub-ledger of the issuing entity revenue ledger (in respect of a series and class of notes) may only be applied by the issuing entity cash manager to pay the interest and other amounts due in respect of such series and class of notes including under any corresponding issuing entity swap under the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, provided that (a) to the extent that on any quarterly interest payment date amounts standing to the credit of the issuing entity expense ledger and the issuing entity revenue ledger (excluding amounts standing to the credit of the sub-ledgers for each series and class of notes) are insufficient to pay items (A) to (C) of the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, then the issuing entity cash manager will, (i) first, apply amounts stand ing to the credit of the issuing entity expense ledger to meet such shortfall and (ii) second, in no order of priority among them but in proportion to the amount required, apply amounts standing to the credit of the sub-ledgers of the issuing entity revenue ledger in respect of the class D notes of each series on such date to meet such shortfall (until the balance of such sub-ledgers is zero), then amounts standing to the credit of the sub-ledgers of the issuing entity revenue ledger in respect of the class C notes of each series (until the balance of such sub-ledgers is zero), then amounts standing to the credit of the sub-ledgers of the issuing entity revenue ledger in respect of the class M notes of each series (until the balance of such sub-ledgers is zero), then amounts standing to the credit of the sub-ledgers of the issuing entity revenue ledger in respect of the class B notes of each series (until the balance of such sub-ledgers is zero) and then amounts standing to the credit of the sub-ledgers of t he issuing entity revenue ledger in respect of the class A notes (until the balance of such sub-ledgers is zero) and (b) any amount remaining on any sub-ledger after payment in full of the corresponding series and class of notes may be transferred to the issuing entity expense ledger.
Distribution of issuing entity revenue receipts after note acceleration but before master intercompany loan acceleration |
Following the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity, but prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, the issuing entity security trustee will apply issuing entity revenue receipts in the same priority as set out in the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, except that:
| • | in addition to the amounts due to the issuing entity security trustee under item (A) of the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, issuing entity revenue receipts will be applied to pay amounts due to any receiver appointed by the issuing entity security trustee together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due or to become due to the receiver during the following interest period; and |
| • | the issuing entity security trustee will not be required to pay amounts due to any entity which is not an issuing entity secured creditor. |
Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts |
Payment of principal receipts to Funding 2 by the mortgages trustee |
On each distribution date mortgages trust available principal receipts will be paid to Funding 2 in the manner and to the extent provided by the mortgages trust principal priority of payments (see “The mortgages trust – Mortgages trust calculation of principal receipts” above) and shall be deposited in the Funding 2 GIC account and credited by the cash manager to the Funding 2 principal ledger (being a ledger maintained by the cash manager for Funding 2 to record the amount of principal receipts received by Funding 2 from the mortgages trustee).
Definition of Funding 2 available principal receipts |
Funding 2 available principal receipts will be calculated by the cash manager on the day falling four business days prior to each Funding 2 interest payment date and will be an amount equal to the sum of:
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| • | all mortgages trust available principal receipts received by Funding 2 during the then current interest period; |
| • | all other Funding 2 principal receipts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger which are to be applied on the next Funding 2 interest payment date to repay a bullet loan tranche and/or, subject to Rule (1) below, a scheduled amortisation instalment in respect of a scheduled amortisation loan tranche, or to make a payment under items (A) or (B) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments and, if such Funding 2 interest payment date occurs on or after a trigger event, the remainder of such receipts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger; |
| • | the amount, if any, to be credited to the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger pursuant to items (E), (G), (I), (K) and (M) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date; |
| • | in so far as available for and needed to make a Funding 2 reserve principal payment (see “Credit structure – Funding 2 general reserve fund” below), the amount that would then be standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve ledger, less any amounts applied or to be applied on the relevant date in payment of interest and other revenue expenses as set out in items (A) to (M) (inclusive) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, plus any amounts which will be credited to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger under item (A) of the relevant Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments on the next Funding 2 interest payment date (i.e. occurring at the end of such period of four business days); |
| • | in so far as available for and needed to make a Funding 2 reserve principal payment (see “Credit structure – Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund” below), the amount that would then be standing to the credit of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger, but less any amounts applied or to be applied on the relevant date in payment of interest and other revenue expenses as set out in items (A) to (D) (inclusive) and (F), (H), (J) and (L) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments plus any amounts which will be credited to the liquidity reserve ledger under item (B) of the relevant Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments on the next Funding 2 interest payment date (i.e. occurring at the end of such period of four business days); and |
| • | any other amount standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger (without double-counting the amounts described above); |
| • | amounts to be applied on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date to pay items (A) to (D) (inclusive) and (F), (H), (J) and (L) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments. |
Due and payable dates of loan tranches |
The repayment of any loan tranche prior to the occurrence of a trigger event, service of a note acceleration notice or service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice will be made in accordance with the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement. The accompanying prospectus supplement will specify the Funding 2 interest payment dates of the loan tranches related to the series of notes issued.
The following sections set out various priorities of payments for Funding 2 available principal receipts under the following circumstances, and are collectively referred to as the “Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments“:
| • | repayment of loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes; |
| • | repayment of loan tranches after a non-asset trigger event but before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes; |
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| • | repayment of loan tranches after an asset trigger event but before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes; and |
| • | repayment of loan tranches after acceleration of all notes but before master intercompany loan acceleration. |
Repayment of loan tranches before a trigger event and before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes |
On each Funding 2 interest payment date prior to the occurrence of a trigger event or the service on Funding 2 of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice or the service on the issuing entity of a note acceleration notice, the cash manager shall apply Funding 2 available principal receipts in the following priority:
| (A) | to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 general reserve fund to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments, towards a credit to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 reserve required amount; |
| (B) | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred and is continuing, (i) to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund in order to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments or (ii) to the extent that the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund has not been fully funded and Funding 2 available revenue receipts on such Funding 2 interest payment date are insufficient to do so, towards a credit to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount; |
| (C) | in order of their final repayment dates, beginning with the earliest such date (and, if two or more AAA loan tranches have the same final repayment date, in proportion to the respective amounts due) to repay the principal amounts due (if any) on such Funding 2 interest payment date on the AAA loan tranches, in each case subject to Rules (1) and (2) below; |
| (D) | in no order of priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to repay the principal amounts due (if any) on such Funding 2 interest payment date on the AA loan tranches, in each case subject to Rules (1) and (2) below; |
| (E) | in no order of priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to repay the principal amounts due (if any) on such Funding 2 interest payment date on the A loan tranches, in each case subject to Rules (1) and (2) below; |
| (F) | in no order of priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to repay the principal amounts due (if any) on such Funding 2 interest payment date on the BBB loan tranches, in each case subject to Rules (1) and (2) below; |
| (G) | in no order of priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to repay the principal amounts due (if any) on such Funding 2 interest payment date on the BB loan tranches, in each case subject to Rules (1) and (2) below; |
| (H) | towards a credit to the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger until the balance is equal to Funding 2’s cash accumulation liability (as calculated after any payments are made at item (C) of this priority of payments); and |
| (I) | the remainder to be credited to the Funding 2 principal ledger. |
In the applicable circumstances, the following Rules apply in determining the amounts to be paid under items (C), (D), (E) (F) and (G) of the priority of payments set out above and below:
Rule (1) – Repayment deferrals |
(A) | If on a Funding 2 interest payment date: |
| (1) | there is a debit balance on the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger, the BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger, the A principal deficiency sub-ledger or the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger, after application of the Funding 2 available revenue receipts on that Funding 2 interest payment date; or |
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| (2) | the adjusted Funding 2 general reserve fund level is less than the Funding 2 general reserve fund threshold; or |
| (3) | the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, in respect of which the aggregate amount in arrears is more than three times the monthly payment then due, is more than 5 per cent. of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of loans in the mortgages trust, |
then until the relevant circumstance as described in sub-paragraphs (1), (2) or (3) above has been cured or otherwise ceases to exist, if:
| (a) | any AAA loan tranche (whether or not such AAA loan tranche is then due and payable) remains outstanding after making the payments under item (C) of the above priority of payments, then the AA loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments under item (D) of the above priority of payments; |
| (b) | any AAA loan tranche or any AA loan tranche (whether or not such AAA loan tranche or AA loan tranche is then due and payable) remains outstanding after making the payments under items (C) and/or (D) of the above priority of payments, then the A loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments under item (E) of the priority of payments set out above; |
| (c) | any AAA loan tranche, any AA loan tranche or any A loan tranche (whether or not such AAA loan tranche, AA loan tranche or A loan tranche is then due and payable) remains outstanding after making the payments under items (C), (D) and/or (E) of the above priority of payments, then the BBB loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments under item (F) of the priority of payments set out above; and/or |
| (d) | any AAA loan tranche, any AA loan tranche, any A loan tranche or any BBB loan tranche (whether or not such AAA loan tranche, AA loan tranche, A loan tranche or BBB loan tranche is then due and payable) remains outstanding after making the payments under items (C), (D), (E) and/or (F) of the above priority of payments, then the BB loan tranches will not be entitled to principal repayments under item (G) of the priority of payments set out above. |
(B) | If on a Funding 2 interest payment date: |
| (1) | one or more bullet loan tranches are within a cash accumulation period at that time; and |
| | (a) | the quarterly CPR is less than 10 per cent.; or |
| | | (i) | the quarterly CPR is equal to or greater than 10 per cent., but less than 15 per cent., and |
| | | (ii) | the annualised CPR is less than 10 per cent.; |
then, on or before their step-up dates, the scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be entitled to principal repayments under items (C), (D), (E), (F) and (G) of the priority of payments set out above only to the extent permitted under the scheduled amortisation repayment restrictions (as defined below).
(C) | If on a Funding 2 interest payment date: |
| (1) | one or more bullet loan tranches and/or scheduled amortisation instalments are within a cash accumulation period at that time; |
| (2) | the quarterly CPR is less than 15 per cent.; and |
| (3) | there is a cash accumulation shortfall at that time, |
then, on or before their step-up dates, the original pass-through loan tranches will be entitled to principal repayments under items (C), (D) (E), (F) and (G) of the priority of payments above only to the extent permitted under the pass-through repayment restrictions (as defined below).
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annualised CPR means the result of:
M is expressed as a percentage and determined as at the most recent normal calculation date as indicated in the definition of anticipated cash accumulation period (see “The mortgages trust – Cash management of trust property – distribution of principal receipts to Funding 2” above);
bullet accumulation liability means, on any Funding 2 interest payment date prior to any payment under item (C) of the above priority of payments, the aggregate of each relevant accumulation amount at that time of each bullet loan tranche which is within a cash accumulation period;
bullet accumulation shortfall means, at any time, the amount that the cash accumulation ledger amount is less than the bullet accumulation liability;
cash accumulation liability means, on any Funding 2 interest payment date prior to any payment under item (C) of the above priority of payments, the sum of:
| (1) | the bullet accumulation liability at that time; and |
| (2) | the aggregate of each relevant accumulation amount at that time of each scheduled amortisation instalment which is within a cash accumulation period; |
cash accumulation shortfall means, at any time, the amount that the cash accumulation ledger amount is less than the cash accumulation liability;
cash accumulation ledger amount means, at any time, the amount standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger at that time (immediately prior to any drawing to be applied on that Funding 2 interest payment date and prior to any payment under item (H) of the above priority of payments);
pass-through repayment restrictions means, at any time on a Funding 2 interest payment date, no amount may be applied in repayment of any original pass-through loan tranche unless:
| (1) | the sum of the cash accumulation ledger amount and the amount of Funding 2 available principal receipts after the application of items (A) and (B) and before item (C) of the above priority of payments, |
is greater than or equal to:
| (2) | the sum of the cash accumulation liability and the aggregate amount of all original pass-through loan tranches which are due and payable as at that time; |
scheduled amortisation repayment restrictions means, at any time on a Funding 2 interest payment date:
| (1) | where there is not a bullet accumulation shortfall at that time, the total amount withdrawn from the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger on that Funding 2 interest payment date for repayment of the relevant scheduled amortisation instalments shall not exceed the cash accumulation ledger amount less the bullet accumulation liability at that time; and |
| (2) | where there is a bullet accumulation shortfall at that time: |
| | (a) | no amount may be withdrawn from the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger on that Funding 2 interest payment date to be applied in repayment of the relevant scheduled amortisation instalments; and |
| | (b) | no amount may be applied in repayment of the relevant scheduled amortisation instalments unless: |
| | | (i) | the sum of the cash accumulation ledger amount and the amount of Funding 2 available principal receipts after the application of items (A) and (B) and before item (C) of the above priority of payments, is greater than or equal to |
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| | | (ii) | the sum of the bullet accumulation liability and the aggregate amount of scheduled amortisation instalments which are due and payable as at that time; and |
relevant accumulation amount means the amount of funds to be accumulated over a cash accumulation period in order to repay a bullet loan tranche or a scheduled amortisation instalment on its scheduled repayment date whether or not actually repaid on that scheduled repayment date.
Rule (2) – Repayment of payable pass-through loan tranches after a step-up date |
Following the occurrence of the step-up date under a series of loan tranches (the series A loan tranches) and provided that the Funding 2 share of the trust property is greater than zero, the aggregate amount repaid on a Funding 2 interest payment date in relation to loan tranches (other than bullet loan tranches or scheduled amortisation instalments) comprising those series A loan tranches under items (C), (D), (E), (F) and (G) of the priority of payments set out above shall be limited to an amount calculated as follows:
| | Outstanding principal balance of series A loan tranches |
Funding 2 principal funds | x |
|
| | Aggregate outstanding principal balance of all loan tranches |
where Funding 2 principal funds means in respect of any Funding 2 interest payment date the sum of:
| (A) | the aggregate of the following amount for each calculation period which has ended in the period from the previous Funding 2 interest payment date to the most recent normal calculation date, such amount being the product of: |
| | (1) | the Funding 2 share percentage as calculated at the start of the relevant calculation period; and |
| | (2) | the aggregate amount of principal receipts received by the mortgages trustee in the relevant calculation period; |
| (B) | the amount credited to the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date; and |
| (C) | the amount, if any, credited to the Funding 2 principal ledger pursuant to item (I) of the above Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments on the immediately preceding Funding 2 interest payment date. |
Allocations involving Rule (2) |
Where Rule (2) applies at a level of any priority of payments, the funds available for making payments at that level shall first be allocated without reference to Rule (2). However, if the amount so allocated to one or more loan tranches exceeds the amount permitted under Rule (2) to be paid in respect of those loan tranches (the capped loan tranches), the excess shall then be reallocated among any other relevant loan tranches at that level using the method of allocation as applies at that level but without reference to the capped loan tranches in calculating such reallocation. If a further such excess arises as a result of the reallocation process, the reallocation process shall be repeated at that level in relation to each such further excess that arises until no further funds can be allocated at that level following which the remaining excess shall then be applied at the next level of that priority of payments.
Rules 1 and 2 above are referred to in this prospectus as the “repayment tests”.
Repayment of loan tranches after a non-asset trigger event but before master intercompany loan acceleration or acceleration of all notes |
Following the occurrence of a non-asset trigger event (where no asset trigger event has occurred) under the mortgages trust deed but prior to the service on Funding 2 of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice or the service on the issuing entity of a note acceleration notice, the bullet loan tranches and the scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be deemed to be pass-through loan tranches and on each Funding 2 interest payment date Funding 2 will be required to apply Funding 2 available principal receipts in the following priority:
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| (A) | to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 general reserve fund to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments, towards a credit to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 reserve required amount; |
| (B) | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred and is continuing, (i) to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund in order to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments or (ii) to the extent that the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund has not been fully funded, towards a credit to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount; |
| (C) | in order of their final repayment dates, beginning with the earliest such date (and if two or more AAA loan tranches have the same final repayment date, in proportion to the respective amounts due) to repay the AAA loan tranches until the AAA loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (D) | in order of their final repayment dates, beginning with the earliest such date (and if two or more AA loan tranches have the same final repayment date, in proportion to the respective amounts due) to repay the AA loan tranches until the AA loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (E) | in order of their final repayment dates, beginning with the earliest such date (and if two or more A loan tranches have the same final repayment date, in proportion to the respective amounts due) to repay the A loan tranches until the A loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (F) | in order of their final repayment dates, beginning with the earliest such date (and if two or more BBB loan tranches have the same final repayment date, in proportion to the respective amounts due) to repay the BBB loan tranches until the BBB loan tranches are fully repaid; and |
| (G) | in order of their final repayment dates, beginning with the earliest such date (and if two or more BB loan tranches have the same final repayment date, in proportion to the respective amounts due) to repay the BB loan tranches until the BB loan tranches are fully repaid. |
Repayment of loan tranches after an asset trigger event but before master intercompany loan acceleration notice or acceleration of all notes |
Following the occurrence of an asset trigger event (whether or not a non-asset trigger event occurs or has occurred) but prior to the service on Funding 2 of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice or the service on the issuing entity of a note acceleration notice, the bullet loan tranches and the scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be deemed to be pass-through loan tranches and on each Funding 2 interest payment date Funding 2 will be required to apply Funding 2 available principal receipts in the following priority:
| (A) | to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 general reserve fund to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments, towards a credit to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 reserve required amount; |
| (B) | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred and is continuing, (i) to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund in order to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments or (ii) to the extent that the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund has not been fully funded, towards a credit to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount; |
| (C) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the AAA loan tranches until the AAA loan tranches are fully repaid; |
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| (D) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the AA loan tranches until the AA loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (E) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the A loan tranches until the A loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (F) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the BBB loan tranches until the BBB loan tranches are fully repaid; and |
| (G) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the BB loan tranches until the BB loan tranches are fully repaid. |
Repayment of loan tranches after acceleration of all notes but before master intercompany loan acceleration |
If a note acceleration notice is served on the issuing entity, then that will not result in automatic enforcement of the Funding 2 security under the Funding 2 deed of charge. In those circumstances, however, the bullet loan tranches and any scheduled amortisation loan tranches will be deemed to be pass-through loan tranches and on each Funding 2 interest payment date Funding 2 will be required to apply Funding 2 available principal receipts in the following priority:
| (A) | to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 general reserve fund to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments, towards a credit to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 reserve required amount; |
| (B) | if a liquidity reserve fund rating event has occurred and is continuing, (i) to the extent only that monies have been drawn from the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund in order to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments or (ii) to the extent that the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund has not been fully funded, towards a credit to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger to the extent the amount standing to the credit thereof is less than the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount; |
| (C) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the AAA loan tranches until the AAA loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (D) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the AA loan tranches until the AA loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (E) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the A loan tranches until the A loan tranches are fully repaid; |
| (F) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the BBB loan tranches until the BBB loan tranches are fully repaid; and |
| (G) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the amounts due, to repay the BB loan tranches until the BB loan tranches are fully repaid. |
Repayment of loan tranches when Funding 2 receives an amount outstanding under the master intercompany loan |
If Funding 2 receives a payment from the seller and/or Funding 1 in the circumstances described in “The mortgages trust – Payment by the seller and/or Funding 1 to Funding 2 of the amount outstanding under a loan tranche” above or the proceeds of a new loan tranche or new Funding 2 intercompany loan which is to be used to refinance another loan tranche as described in “The master intercompany loan agreement – The facility” and “The master intercompany loan agreement – Other Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements” above (such payment by the seller and/or Funding 1 or such proceeds being a full repayment amount), then Funding 2 will not apply the full repayment amount as described in “– Distribution of Funding 2 available principal receipts” above. Rather, Funding 2 will apply the full repayment amount to repay the relevant loan tranche.
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Definition of issuing entity principal receipts |
Prior to the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity, issuing entity principal receipts will be calculated by the issuing entity cash manager four business days prior to each quarterly interest payment date and will be an amount equal to all principal amounts to be repaid by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan during the relevant interest period. Following the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity, but prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, issuing entity principal receipts means the sum calculated by the issuing entity security trustee four business days prior to each quarterly interest payment date as the amount to be repaid by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan during the relevant interest period and/or the sum otherwise recovered by the issuing entity security trustee (or the receiver appointed on its behalf) representing the principal balance of the notes.
On each Funding 2 interest payment date, all Funding 2 available principal receipts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 constituting principal repayments on a loan tranche will be credited to a sub-ledger (in respect of the related series and class of notes) to the issuing entity principal ledger.
Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts before note acceleration |
Prior to the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity, the issuing entity or the issuing entity cash manager on its behalf will apply any issuing entity principal receipts on each quarterly interest payment date to repay the notes in the following manner (the issuing entity pre-enforcement principal priority of payments):
| • | the class A notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each AAA loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class A notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class A notes; |
| • | the class B notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each AA loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class B notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class B notes; |
| • | the class M notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each A loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class M notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class M notes; |
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| • | the class C notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each BBB loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class C notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class C notes; |
| • | the class D notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each BB loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class D notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class D notes. |
The amounts standing to the credit of any sub-ledger of the issuing entity principal ledger (in respect of a series and class of notes) may only be applied by the issuing entity cash manager to pay the principal amounts due (if any) in respect of such series and class of notes under the issuing entity pre-enforcement principal priority of payments.
Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts after note acceleration but before master intercompany loan acceleration |
The issuing entity deed of charge sets out the priority of distribution of issuing entity principal receipts received or recovered by the issuing entity security trustee (or a receiver appointed on its behalf) following the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity but prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2. In these circumstances, the issuing entity security trustee will apply issuing entity principal receipts on each quarterly interest payment date to repay the notes in the following manner:
| • | the class A notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each AAA loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class A notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class A notes; |
| • | the class B notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each AA loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class B notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
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| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class B notes; |
| • | the class M notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each A loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class M notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class M notes; |
| • | the class C notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each BBB loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class C notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class C notes; |
| • | the class D notes: from principal amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 in respect of each BB loan tranche (and in respect of (ii) below, the principal amounts received (if any) from the issuing entity swap providers under the relevant issuing entity swap agreements in respect of the related series and class of notes): |
| | (i) | to pay amounts due and payable (in respect of principal) on such interest payment date to the relevant issuing entity swap providers in respect of the related series and class of class D notes in accordance with the terms of the relevant issuing entity swap agreements; and |
| | (ii) | to pay amounts due and payable in respect of principal (if any) on such interest payment date on the related series and class of class D notes. |
The amounts standing to the credit of any sub-ledger of the issuing entity principal ledger (in respect of a series and class of notes) may only be applied by the issuing entity security trustee to pay the principal amounts due (if any) in respect of such series and class of notes under the above issuing entity principal priority of payments.
Distribution of Funding 2 principal receipts and Funding 2 revenue receipts following master intercompany loan acceleration |
The Funding 2 deed of charge sets out the priority of distribution of amounts received or recovered by the Funding 2 security trustee or a receiver appointed on its behalf following the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2. If Funding 2 enters into new Funding 2 intercompany loan agreements, then this priority will change. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may adversely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
The Funding 2 security trustee will apply amounts received or recovered following the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2 on each Funding 2 interest payment date in accordance with the following priority (the Funding 2 post-enforcement priority of payments):
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| (A) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to: |
| | • | the Funding 2 security trustee and any receiver appointed by the Funding 2 security trustee, together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts, and to provide for any amounts due or to become due to the Funding security trustee and the receiver in the following interest period under the Funding 2 deed of charge; and |
| | • | the issuing entity in respect of the issuing entity’s obligations specified in items (A) and (B) of the issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments; |
| (B) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of amounts (if any) due by Funding 2 to the account bank under the terms of the bank account agreement, to the cash manager under the terms of the cash management agreement and to the corporate services provider under the terms of the corporate services agreement; |
| (C) | towards payment of amounts (if any) due to the Funding 2 swap provider under the Funding 2 swap agreement (including any termination payment, but excluding any Funding 2 swap excluded termination amount); |
| (D) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payments of interest, principal and fees due and payable on the AAA loan tranches; |
| (E) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payments of interest, principal and fees due and payable on the AA loan tranches; |
| (F) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payments of interest, principal and fees due and payable on the A loan tranches; |
| (G) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payments of interest, principal and fees due and payable on the BBB loan tranches; |
| (H) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payments of interest, principal and fees due and payable on the BB loan tranches; |
| (I) | towards payment of any amounts due to the issuing entity in respect of its obligations (if any) to make a termination payment to an issuing entity swap provider (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount); |
| (J) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay (without double counting): |
| | • | amounts due to the issuing entity in respect of its obligations (if any) to pay any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount to an issuing entity swap provider following an issuing entity swap provider default or an issuing entity swap provider downgrade termination event (as appropriate); |
| | • | any other amounts due to the issuing entity under the master intercompany loan agreement and not otherwise provided for earlier in this priority of payments; and |
| | • | amounts due to the Funding 2 swap provider in respect of Funding 2’s obligation to pay any termination amount to the Funding 2 swap provider as a result of a Funding 2 swap provider default or a Funding 2 swap provider downgrade termination event; |
| (K) | without priority among them but in proportion to the amounts then due, towards payment of amounts due to the Funding 2 start-up loan provider under each Funding 2 start-up loan agreement; and |
| (L) | towards payment of any deferred consideration due to the seller pursuant to the terms of the mortgage sale agreement. |
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Distribution of issuing entity principal receipts and issuing entity revenue receipts following note acceleration and master intercompany loan acceleration |
If a master intercompany loan acceleration notice is served on Funding 2, then there will be an automatic enforcement of the issuing entity security under the issuing entity deed of charge. The issuing entity deed of charge sets out the priority of distribution by the issuing entity security trustee, following the service of a note acceleration notice on the issuing entity and the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2 (known as the issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments), of amounts received or recovered by the issuing entity security trustee (or a receiver appointed on its behalf).
On each quarterly interest payment date, the issuing entity security trustee will apply amounts (other than amounts representing (i) any excess swap collateral which shall be returned directly to the relevant issuing entity swap provider, (ii) in respect of each issuing entity swap provider, prior to the designation of an early termination date under the relevant issuing entity swap agreement and the resulting application of the collateral by way of netting or set-off, an amount equal to the value of all collateral (other than excess swap collateral) provided by such issuing entity swap provider to the issuing entity pursuant to the relevant issuing entity swap agreement (and any interest or distributions in respect thereof) and (iii) amounts payable to any replacement swap provider using any termination payment received by the issuing entity in respect of the corresponding issuing entity swap agreement or amounts payable to an issuing entity swap provider (other than amounts pursuant to item (M) below) using any premium recovered from any replacement swap provider, which will be paid when due) received or recovered following enforcement of the issuing entity security as follows:
| (A) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to: |
| | • | the issuing entity security trustee and any receiver appointed by the issuing entity security trustee together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts and any amounts then due or to become due to the issuing entity security trustee and the receiver under the provisions of the issuing entity deed of charge; |
| | • | the note trustee together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts and any amounts then due or to become due and payable to the note trustee under the provisions of the issuing entity trust deed; and |
| | • | the agent bank, the paying agents, the registrar and the transfer agent together with interest and any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts and any costs, charges, liabilities and expenses then due or to become due and payable to them under the provisions of the issuing entity paying agent and agent bank agreement; |
| (B) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, towards payment of amounts (together with any amount in respect of VAT on those amounts) due and payable to: |
| | • | the issuing entity cash manager under the issuing entity cash management agreement; |
| | • | to the issuing entity corporate services provider under the issuing entity corporate services agreement; and |
| | • | to the issuing entity account bank under the issuing entity bank account agreement. |
| (C) | subject to item (D) below, without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to the issuing entity swap providers for each series of class A notes (excluding any termination payment); |
| (D) | without priority among them, but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay interest due or overdue on, and to repay principal of, the applicable series of class A notes and to pay any swap termination payment due to the issuing entity swap provider for each series of class A notes (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) provided that if the amounts available for distribution under this item (D) (on the assumption that no amounts are due and payable under item (C) and no |
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| | amounts are received from any issuing entity swap provider) would be insufficient to pay the sterling equivalent of the amounts due and payable under this item (D), the shortfall will be divided amongst all such amounts on a pro rata basis and the amount payable by the issuing entity to the issuing entity swap provider in respect of any series of class A notes under item (C) above will be reduced by the amount of the shortfall applicable to that series of class A notes; |
| (E) | subject to item (F) below, without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to the issuing entity swap providers for each series of class B notes (excluding any termination payment); |
| (F) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay interest due or overdue on, and to repay principal of, the applicable series of class B notes and to pay any swap termination payment due to the issuing entity swap provider for each series of class B notes (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) provided that if the amounts available for distribution under this item (F) (on the assumption that no amounts are due and payable under item (E) and no amounts are received from any issuing entity swap provider) would be insufficient to pay the sterling equivalent of the amounts due and payable under this item (F), the shortfall will be divided amongst all such amounts on a pro rata basis and the amount payable by the issuing entity to the issuing entity swap provider in respect of any series of class B notes under item (E) above will be reduced by the amount of the shortfall applicable to that series of class B notes; |
| (G) | subject to item (H) below, without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to the issuing entity swap providers for each series of class M notes (excluding any termination payment); |
| (H) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay interest due or overdue on, and to repay principal of, the applicable series of class M notes and to pay any swap termination payment due to the issuing entity swap provider for each series of class M notes (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) provided that if the amounts available for distribution under this item (H) (on the assumption that no amounts are due and payable under item (G) and no amounts are received from any issuing entity swap provider) would be insufficient to pay the sterling equivalent of the amounts due and payable under this item (H), the shortfall will be divided amongst all such amounts on a pro rata basis and the amount payable by the issuing entity to the issuing entity swap provider in respect of any series of class M notes under item (G) above will be reduced by the amount of the shortfall applicable to that series of class M notes; |
| (I) | subject to item (J) below, without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to the issuing entity swap providers for each series of class C notes (excluding any termination payment); |
| (J) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay interest due or overdue on, and to repay principal of, the applicable series of class C notes and to pay any swap termination payment due to the issuing entity swap provider for each series of class C notes (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) provided that if the amounts available for distribution under this item (J) (on the assumption that no amounts are due and payable under item (I) and no amounts are received from any issuing entity swap provider) would be insufficient to pay the sterling equivalent of the amounts due and payable under this item (J), the shortfall will be divided amongst all such amounts on a pro rata basis and the amount payable by the issuing entity to the issuing entity swap provider in respect of any series of class C notes under item (I) above will be reduced by the amount of the shortfall applicable to that series of class C notes; |
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| (K) | subject to item (L) below, without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay amounts due to the issuing entity swap providers for each series of class D notes (excluding any termination payment); |
| (L) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay interest due or overdue on, and to repay principal of, the applicable series of class D notes and to pay any swap termination payment due to the issuing entity swap provider for each series of class D notes (but excluding any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount) provided that if the amounts available for distribution under this item (L) (on the assumption that no amounts are due and payable under item (K) and no amounts are received from any issuing entity swap provider) would be insufficient to pay the sterling equivalent of the amounts due and payable under this item (L), the shortfall will be divided amongst all such amounts on a pro rata basis and the amount payable by the issuing entity to the issuing entity swap provider in respect of any series of class D notes under item (K) above will be reduced by the amount of the shortfall applicable to that series of class D notes; |
| (M) | without priority among them but in proportion to the respective amounts due, to pay any issuing entity swap excluded termination amount to the issuing entity swap providers; and |
| (N) | the balance to the issuing entity. |
Notwithstanding the above, amounts standing to the credit of any sub-ledger to the issuing entity revenue ledger and/or the issuing entity principal ledger (in respect of a series and class of notes) may only be applied by the issuing entity security trustee to pay the interest, principal and other amounts due in respect of such series and class of notes or any shortfall in the amounts available to pay items (A) to (B) under the issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments and may not be applied in payment of interest, principal and other amounts due in respect of any other series and class of notes.
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Credit structure
The notes will be obligations of the issuing entity only and will not be obligations of, or the responsibility of, or guaranteed by, any other party. However, there are a number of features of the transaction which enhance the likelihood of timely receipt of payments to noteholders, as follows:
| • | Funding 2 available revenue receipts are expected to exceed interest and the senior fees payable to the issuing entity; |
| • | a shortfall in Funding 2 available revenue receipts may be met from Funding 2’s principal receipts; |
| • | a Funding 2 general reserve fund has been established to help meet shortfalls in principal due on the original bullet loan tranches and original scheduled amortisation loan tranches in the circumstances described below; |
| • | the Funding 2 general reserve fund may also be used to help meet any deficit in Funding 2 available revenue receipts available for payment of interest and fees due under the master intercompany loan agreement and to help meet any deficit on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger; |
| • | Funding 2 will be obliged to establish a liquidity reserve fund if the seller ceases to have a long-term unsecured, unsubordinated and unguaranteed credit rating by Moody’s of at least A3 or at least A- by Fitch (unless the relevant rating agency confirms that the current rating of the notes will not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified by the rating downgrade of the seller); |
| • | payments on the class D notes will be subordinated to payments on the class A notes, the class B notes, the class M notes and the class C notes; |
| • | payments on the class C notes will be subordinated to payments on the class A notes, the class B notes and the class M notes; |
| • | payments on the class M notes will be subordinated to payments on the class A notes and the class B notes; |
| • | payments on the class B notes will be subordinated to payments on the class A notes; |
| • | the mortgages trustee GIC account and the Funding 2 GIC account each earn interest at a specified rate; and |
| • | Funding 2 start-up loans may be provided to Funding 2 from time to time to fund the Funding 2 general reserve fund and to meet the costs in connection with the issuance of notes. |
Each of these factors is considered more fully in the remainder of this section.
Credit support for the notes provided by Funding 2 available revenue receipts |
It is anticipated that, during the life of the notes issued under the programme, the Funding 2 share of the interest received from borrowers on the loans will, assuming that all of the loans are fully performing, be greater than the sum of interest which Funding 2 is required to pay on the loan tranches outstanding under the master intercompany loan agreement and any new Funding 2 intercompany loan in order to fund (by payment to a swap provider or otherwise) the interest payments due on the relevant notes and the notes of any new Funding 2 issuing entity and the other senior costs and expenses of the structure. In other words, it is anticipated that the Funding 2 available revenue receipts will be sufficient to pay the amounts payable under items (A) to (D), (F), (H), (J) and (L) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments assuming all loans are fully performing.
The actual amount of any excess will vary during the life of the notes. Two of the key factors determining the variation are as follows:
| • | the interest rate on the loans in the portfolio; and |
| • | the level of arrears experienced. |
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On any Funding 2 interest payment date, any excess will be available to meet the payments referred to under items (M) to (T) (inclusive) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments including the payment of any deferred consideration to the seller.
Level of arrears experienced |
If the level of arrears of interest payments made by the borrowers results in Funding 2 experiencing an income deficit, Funding 2 will be able to use the following amounts to cure that income deficit:
| • | first, amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve fund, as described in “– Funding 2 general reserve fund” below; |
| • | second, drawings under the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, if established, as described in “– Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund” below; and |
| • | third, principal receipts, if any, as described in “– Use of Funding 2 principal receipts to pay Funding 2 income deficiency” below. |
Any excess of Funding 2 available revenue receipts will be applied on each Funding 2 interest payment date to the extent described in the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, including to extinguish amounts standing to the debit of any principal deficiency sub-ledger and to replenish the Funding 2 reserve funds.
Use of Funding 2 principal receipts to pay Funding 2 income deficiency |
Four business days prior to each Funding 2 interest payment date, the cash manager will calculate whether there will be an excess or a deficit of Funding 2 available revenue receipts to pay items (A) to (D), (F), (H), (J) and (L) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments.
If there is a deficit, then Funding 2 shall pay or provide for that deficit by the application of amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger (plus any amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger which is not comprised in Funding 2 available principal receipts), if any, and the cash manager shall make a corresponding entry in the relevant principal deficiency sub-ledger, as described in “– Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger” below as well as making a debit in the Funding 2 principal ledger. Any such entry and debit shall be made and taken into account (including as to which priority of payments shall apply) prior to the application of Funding 2 available principal receipts on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date.
Funding 2 principal receipts may not be used to pay interest on any loan tranche if and to the extent that would result in a deficiency being recorded, or an existing deficiency being increased, on a principal deficiency sub-ledger relating to a loan tranche with a higher rating designation.
Funding 2 general reserve fund |
A Funding 2 general reserve fund has been established:
| • | to contribute to Funding 2 available revenue receipts (including to help meet any deficit recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger); and |
| • | to make, where necessary, Funding 2 reserve principal payments, being: |
| | (i) | prior to the occurrence of a trigger event; |
| | | (a) | repayments of principal which are then due and payable in respect of the original bullet loan tranches; and |
| | | (b) | repayments of principal in respect of original scheduled amortisation loan tranches on their respective final repayment dates only; and |
| | (ii) | on or after the occurrence of a trigger event, repayments of principal in respect of original bullet loan tranches and original scheduled amortisation loan tranches on their respective final repayment dates only, |
in each case prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2.
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The Funding 2 general reserve fund will be funded and replenished from:
| • | Funding 2 available revenue receipts in accordance with item (O) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments up to an amount equal to the Funding 2 reserve required amount (see “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available revenue receipts before master intercompany loan acceleration” above); |
| • | Funding 2 available principal receipts to the extent applied in making Funding 2 reserve principal payments; and |
| • | Funding 2 start-up loans provided to Funding 2 from time to time to fund the Funding 2 general reserve fund pursuant to the terms of a Funding 2 start-up loan agreement. |
The Funding 2 reserve required amount as at any date will be the amount specified as such in the most recent prospectus supplement. Changes may be made to the Funding 2 reserve required amount and/or the manner in which the Funding 2 general reserve is funded. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may severely affect your interests”, “Security for Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
Funding 2 may adjust, at any time, the Funding 2 reserve required amount without the consent of noteholders so long as the Funding 2 security trustee and Funding 2 obtain confirmation from the rating agencies that such adjustments will not cause a reduction, qualification or withdrawal of the ratings of any outstanding notes.
A Funding 2 general reserve ledger is maintained by the cash manager to record the balance from time to time of the Funding 2 general reserve fund.
On each Funding 2 interest payment date the amount of the Funding 2 general reserve fund is added to the other income of Funding 2 in calculating Funding 2 available revenue receipts.
Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger |
A principal deficiency ledger has been established to record:
| • | on each calculation date, any principal losses on the loans allocated to Funding 2; and/or |
| • | on each Funding 2 interest payment date, any application of amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger and/or the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger to meet any deficiency in Funding 2 available revenue receipts (as described in “– Use of Funding 2 principal receipts to pay Funding 2 income deficiency” above); and/or |
| • | the application of Funding 2 available principal receipts which are allocated to fund the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund up to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount. |
The Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger is split into five sub-ledgers which will correspond to each of the AAA loan tranches, the AA loan tranches, the A loan tranches, the BBB loan tranches and the BB loan tranches, respectively.
Losses on the loans and/or the application of amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger and/or the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger, to pay certain senior expenses of Funding 2 and interest and fees due under the master intercompany loan agreement will be recorded as follows:
| • | first, on the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger until the balance of the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger is equal to the aggregate principal amount outstanding of all BB loan tranches; |
| • | second, on the BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger until the balance of the BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger is equal to the aggregate principal amount outstanding of all BBB loan tranches; |
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| • | third, on the A principal deficiency sub-ledger until the balance of the A principal deficiency sub-ledger is equal to the aggregate principal amount outstanding of all A loan tranches; |
| • | fourth, on the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger until the balance of the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger is equal to the aggregate principal amount outstanding of all AA loan tranches; and |
| • | fifth, on the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger, at which point there will be an asset trigger event (unless such losses are recorded when (a) the aggregate principal amount outstanding of all BB loan tranches, BBB loan tranches, A loan tranches and AA loan tranches is equal to zero and (b) the sum of (i) the amount standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve ledger and (ii) the amount standing to the credit of the Funding 2 revenue ledger together with amounts determined and due to be credited to the Funding 2 revenue ledger prior to the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date after such debit is made, is greater than the amount necessary to pay the items in paragraphs (A) to (E) in the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments on the immediately following Funding 2 interest payment date after such debit is made). |
Losses on the loans and/or the application of amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 principal ledger and/or the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger to pay certain senior expenses of Funding 2 and interest and fees on the master intercompany loan will not be recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger on any day to the extent that the Funding 2 share of the trust property together with amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger and the Funding 2 principal ledger in aggregate is greater than or equal to the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan tranches on that day, after taking account of such losses or the relevant application of principal receipts.
Prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, Funding 2 available revenue receipts will be applied on each Funding 2 interest payment date in the manner and to the extent described in the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments as follows:
| • | first, provided that interest due on the AAA loan tranches has been paid, in an amount necessary to reduce to zero the balance on the AAA principal deficiency sub-ledger; |
| • | second, provided that interest due on the AA loan tranches has been paid, in an amount necessary to reduce to zero the balance on the AA principal deficiency sub-ledger; |
| • | third, provided that interest due on the A loan tranches has been paid, in an amount to reduce to zero the balance on the A principal deficiency sub-ledger; |
| • | fourth, provided that interest due on the BBB loan tranches has been paid, in an amount necessary to reduce to zero the balance on the BBB principal deficiency sub-ledger; and |
| • | fifth, provided that interest due on the BB loan tranches has been paid, in an amount necessary to reduce to zero the balance on the BB principal deficiency sub-ledger. |
See also “– Use of Funding 2 principal receipts to pay Funding 2 income deficiency” above.
Issuing entity available funds |
On each Funding 2 interest payment date in respect of the master intercompany loan agreement, the issuing entity will receive from Funding 2 an amount equal to or less than the amount which it needs to pay out on the corresponding interest payment date in respect of the notes in accordance with the issuing entity pre-enforcement principal priority of payments and the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments. It is not intended that any surplus cash will be accumulated in the issuing entity.
Please see also the description of the issuing entity swaps under “The swap agreements” below.
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Priority of payments among the class A notes, the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes |
Payments of interest on the notes will be prioritised so that interest payments due on the class D notes on any interest payment date will be subordinated to interest payments on the class C notes, the class M notes, the class B notes and the class A notes due on the same interest payment date, interest payments due on the class C notes on any interest payment date will be subordinated to interest payments on the class M notes, the class B notes and the class A notes due on the same interest payment date, interest payments due on the class M notes on any interest payment date will be subordinated to interest payments on the class B notes and the class A notes due on the same interest payment date and interest payments due on the class B notes on any interest payment date will be subordinated to interest payments on the class A notes on the same interest payment date, in each case in accordance with the issuing entity priority of payments.
Any shortfall in payments of interest due on any series of class D notes and/or class C notes and/or class M notes and/or class B notes on any interest payment date in respect of such notes will be deferred until the next interest payment date in respect of such notes and will accrue interest. On that next interest payment date, the amount of interest due on the relevant class of notes will be increased to take account of any deferred interest. If, on that interest payment date, there is still a shortfall, that shortfall will be deferred again. This deferral process will continue until the final maturity date of the notes, at which point all such deferred amounts (including interest thereon) will become due and payable. However, if there is insufficient money available to the issuing entity to pay interest on the class D notes and/or the class C notes and/or class M notes and/or the class B notes, then you may not receive all interest amounts payable on those cla sses of notes.
The issuing entity is not able to defer payments of interest due on any interest payment date in respect of the class A notes or (if applicable) the most senior class of notes then outstanding. The failure to pay interest on such notes will be a note event of default.
The class A notes, the class B notes, the class M notes, the class C notes and the class D notes will be constituted by the issuing entity trust deed and will share the same security. However, upon enforcement of the issuing entity security or the occurrence of a trigger event, the class A notes of each series will rank in priority to each series of class B notes, each series of class M notes, each series of class C notes and each series of class D notes and the class B notes of each series will rank in priority to each series of class M notes, each series of class C notes and each series of class D notes and the class M notes of each series will rank in priority to each series of class C notes and each series of class D notes and the class C notes of each series will rank in priority to each series of class D notes.
Mortgages trustee GIC account/Funding 2 GIC account |
All amounts held by the mortgages trustee have been and will continue to be deposited in the mortgages trustee GIC account with the mortgages trustee GIC provider. This account is subject to the mortgages trustee guaranteed investment contract under which the mortgages trustee GIC provider has agreed to pay a variable rate of interest on funds in the mortgages trustee GIC account of 0.25 per cent. per annum below LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits.
Amounts held in the collection account will not have the benefit of a guaranteed investment contract but following receipt will be transferred into the mortgages trustee GIC account on a regular basis and in any event in the case of direct debits no later than the next business day after they are deposited in the collection account.
All amounts held by Funding 2 will be deposited in the Funding 2 GIC account in the first instance. The Funding 2 GIC account is maintained with the Funding 2 GIC provider. This account is subject to the Funding 2 guaranteed investment contract under which the Funding 2 GIC provider has agreed to pay a variable rate of interest on funds in the Funding 2 GIC account of 0.25 per cent. per annum below LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits.
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The mortgages trustee GIC provider and the Funding 2 GIC provider are required to satisfy certain criteria (including certain criteria and/or permissions set or required by the FSA from time to time) in order to continue to receive deposits in the mortgages trustee GIC account and the Funding 2 GIC account respectively. These criteria include a requirement that the short-term, unguaranteed and unsecured ratings of the mortgages trustee GIC provider or the Funding 2 GIC provider, as the case may be, are at least A-1+ by Standard & Poor’s, F1+ by Fitch and P-1 by Moody’s, unless (in each case) each rating agency confirms that its then current rating of the notes would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified as a result of such ratings falling below these minimum ratings. If either the mortgages trustee GIC provider or the Funding 2 GIC provider ceases to satisfy these criteria, then the relevant account may be transferred to another entity which does s atisfy these criteria.
Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund |
Funding 2 will be required to establish a liquidity reserve fund to the extent of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount if, and for as long as, the long-term, unsecured, unsubordinated and unguaranteed debt obligations of the seller cease to be rated at least A3 by Moody’s or A- by Fitch (unless Moody’s or Fitch, as applicable, confirms that the then current ratings of the notes will not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified by the ratings downgrade). If, following a subsequent increase in the seller’s rating, Funding 2 would no longer be required to maintain the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, then Funding 2 at its option may terminate the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, and all amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger will then be treated as Funding 2 available revenue receipts for the next Funding 2 interest payment date. In addition, following a reduction in the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund re quired amount, amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger in excess of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount will then be treated as Funding 2 available revenue receipts for the next Funding 2 interest payment date.
Prior to enforcement of Funding 2 security or service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund may be used as part of Funding 2 available revenue receipts available to fund payment of certain senior expenses and interest due under the master intercompany loan agreement. Prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2 and taking into account any allocation of principal to meet any deficiency in Funding 2’s available revenue receipts, the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund will also be available to make Funding 2 reserve principal payments, being:
| • | to contribute to Funding 2 available revenue receipts (including to help meet any deficit recorded on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger); and |
| • | to make, where necessary, Funding 2 reserve principal payments, being: |
| | (i) | prior to the occurrence of a trigger event; |
| | | (a) | repayments of principal which are then due and payable in respect of the original bullet loan tranches; and |
| | | (b) | repayments of principal in respect of original scheduled amortisation loan tranches on their respective final repayment dates only; and |
| | (ii) | on or after the occurrence of a trigger event, repayments of principal in respect of original bullet loan tranches and original scheduled amortisation loan tranches on their respective final repayment dates only, in each case prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice on Funding 2. |
The Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, if required to be funded, will be funded initially from Funding 2 available principal receipts or (if insufficient funds are available therefrom) from Funding 2 available revenue receipts in accordance with the Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments or Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments, as applicable. The Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund will be deposited in Funding 2’s name in the Funding 2 GIC account into which the Funding 2 general reserve fund is also deposited. All interest or income accrued on the amount of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund while on deposit in the Funding 2 GIC account will
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belong to Funding 2. The cash manager will maintain a separate Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger to record the balance from time to time of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund.
The Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund, if required, will be funded and replenished up to and including an amount equal to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount on Funding 2 interest payment dates from Funding 2 available revenue receipts at item (P) of the Funding 2 pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments and from Funding 2 available principal receipts at item (B) of the relevant Funding 2 pre-enforcement principal priority of payments.
The Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount is an amount, as of any Funding 2 interest payment date, equal to the excess (if any) of 3% of the aggregate outstanding balance of the notes on that Funding 2 interest payment date (taking into account any principal repayments to be made by the issuing entity on that date) over the aggregate of amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve fund on that Funding 2 interest payment date (taking into account any amount credited to the Funding 2 general reserve ledger on that date). Changes may be made to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve required amount and/or the manner in which the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund is funded. See “Risk factors – The Funding 2 security trustee and/or the issuing entity security trustee and/or the note trustee may agree to modifications to the transaction documents without your prior consent, which may severely affect your interests”, “Security For Funding 2’s obligations” and “Security for issuing entity’s obligations”.
Following enforcement of the Funding 2 security, amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger may be applied in making payments of principal due under the loan tranches.
Funding 2 start-up loan agreements |
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of each Funding 2 start-up loan agreement. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of each Funding 2 start-up loan agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Pursuant to a Funding 2 start-up loan agreement dated the programme date, Halifax plc (acting as the Funding 2 start-up loan provider) will agree to make available to Funding 2 a Funding 2 start-up loan. At any time after the programme date, additional Funding 2 start-up loan agreements may be entered into pursuant to which the Funding 2 start-up loan provider will make further Funding 2 start-up loans available to Funding 2. Each Funding 2 start-up loan will be a subordinated loan advance which will be used for increasing the Funding 2 general reserve fund on the relevant closing date and/or for meeting the costs and expenses incurred by Funding 2 in connection with any purchase price and related sale of loans and their related security to the mortgages trustee on the relevant closing date and the fees payable under the master intercompany loan agreement which relate to the costs of issue of the relevant series of notes. The amount of each Funding 2 start-up loan will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Funding 2 may, from time to time, enter into Funding 2 start-up loan agreements with providers other than Halifax subject to (i) such Funding 2 start-up loan agreement being on similar terms to the form of the Funding 2 start-up loan agreement which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and (ii) such new entity entering into a deed of accession to the Funding 2 deed of charge.
Each Funding 2 start-up loan will bear interest until repaid at a rate which will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Any unpaid interest will not fall due but will instead be due on the next following Funding 2 interest payment date on which sufficient funds are available to pay such unpaid amount and pending such payment will itself bear interest. Interest in respect of each Funding 2 start-up loan is payable by Funding 2 on each Funding 2 interest payment date.
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Funding 2 will repay each Funding 2 start-up loan, but only to the extent that it has Funding 2 available revenue receipts after making higher ranking payments (see further “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 available revenue receipts” and “Cashflows – Distribution of Funding 2 principal receipts and Funding 2 revenue receipts following master intercompany loan acceleration” above). Amounts due to the Funding 2 start-up loan provider are payable after amounts due on the loan tranches. After Funding 2 has repaid a Funding 2 start-up loan, it will have no further recourse to the Funding 2 start-up loan provider in respect of that Funding 2
start-up loan.
It will be an event of default under the Funding 2 start-up loan agreement if Funding 2 has available revenue receipts to pay amounts due to the Funding 2 start-up loan provider and it does not pay them.
The occurrence of an event of default under a Funding 2 start-up loan agreement may constitute a master intercompany loan event of default.
If notice is given that the security granted by Funding 2 under the Funding 2 deed of charge is to be enforced, then each Funding 2 start-up loan will become immediately due and payable.
Each Funding 2 start-up loan agreement will be governed by English law.
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The swap agreements
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the Funding 2 swap agreement and the issuing entity swap agreements. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of those swap agreements, forms of which have been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Funding 2 has entered into the Funding 2 swap agreement with Halifax (as the Funding 2 swap provider) and the Funding 2 security trustee. The issuing entity will enter into issuing entity swaps with the issuing entity swap providers and the issuing entity security trustee. In general, the swaps are designed to do the following:
| • | Funding 2 swap: to hedge against the possible variance between the mortgages trustee variable base rate payable on the variable rate loans, the rates of interest payable on the tracker rate loans and the fixed rates of interest payable on the fixed rate loans and a weighted average of the LIBOR-based rates for sterling deposits payable in respect of any outstanding loan tranches; and |
| • | Issuing entity swaps: to protect the issuing entity against certain interest rate and/or currency risks in respect of amounts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement and amounts payable by the issuing entity under each series and class of notes. |
Some of the loans in the portfolio pay a variable rate of interest for a period of time which may be linked to the mortgages trustee variable base rate, a variable interest rate other than the mortgages trustee variable base rate, such as a rate set by the Bank of England, or the flexible variable rate. Other loans pay a fixed rate of interest for a period of time. However, the interest rate payable by Funding 2 with respect to the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement is calculated by reference to LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits or, for some loan tranches, such other sterling LIBOR rate as may be specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement, each plus or minus a margin. To provide a hedge against the possible variance between:
| (1) | the mortgages trustee variable base rate payable on the variable rate loans, the rates of interest payable on the tracker rate loans and the fixed rates of interest payable on the fixed rate loans; and |
| (2) | the LIBOR-based rates for sterling deposits payable in respect of any outstanding loan tranches, |
Funding 2, the Funding 2 swap provider and the Funding 2 security trustee will enter into the Funding 2 swap agreement on the programme date and (if necessary) amend and restate the Funding 2 swap agreement on each relevant closing date such that the Funding 2 swap will:
| • | have a notional amount that is sized to hedge against any potential interest rate mismatches in relation to the notes which remain outstanding; and |
| • | provide for the notional amount to be increased as appropriate to hedge against similar potential interest rate mismatches in relation to any new series and class. |
Under the Funding 2 swap, on each calculation date the following amounts will be calculated:
| • | the amount produced by applying a weighted average of the LIBOR-based rates for sterling deposits payable in respect of any outstanding loan tranches (as determined in respect of the corresponding interest period under such loan tranches) plus a spread for the relevant calculation period to the notional amount of the Funding 2 swap (known as the calculation period swap provider amount); and |
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| • | the amount produced by applying a rate equal to the weighted average of: |
| | (i) | the average of the standard variable mortgage rates or their equivalent charged to existing borrowers on residential mortgage loans as published from time to time, after excluding the highest and the lowest rate, of Abbey National plc, HSBC Bank plc, Cheltenham & Gloucester plc, National Westminster Bank Plc, Nationwide Building Society, Northern Rock plc and Woolwich plc (and, where those banks have more than one standard variable rate, the highest of those rates); |
| | (ii) | the rates of interest payable on the tracker rate loans; and |
| | (iii) | the rates of interest payable on the fixed rate loans, |
| for the relevant calculation period to the notional amount of the Funding 2 swap (known as the calculation period Funding 2 amount). |
On each Funding 2 interest payment date the following amounts will be calculated:
| • | the sum of each of the calculation period swap provider amounts calculated during the preceding interest period; and |
| • | the sum of each of the calculation period Funding 2 amounts calculated during the preceding interest period. |
After these two amounts are calculated in relation to a Funding 2 interest payment date, the following payments will be made on that Funding 2 interest payment date:
| • | if the first amount is greater than the second amount, then the Funding 2 swap provider will pay the difference to Funding 2; |
| • | if the second amount is greater than the first amount, then Funding 2 will pay the difference to the Funding 2 swap provider; and |
| • | if the two amounts are equal, neither party will make a payment to the other. |
If a payment is to be made by the Funding 2 swap provider, that payment will be included in the Funding 2 available revenue receipts and will be applied on the relevant Funding 2 interest payment date according to the relevant priority of payments of Funding 2. If a payment is to be made by Funding 2, it will be made according to the relevant priority of payments of Funding 2.
The notional amount of the Funding 2 swap in respect of a calculation period during an interest period will be an amount in sterling equal to:
| • | the aggregate principal amount outstanding of the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement during the relevant calculation period, less |
| • | the balance of the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger attributable to such loan tranches during the relevant calculation period, less |
| • | the amount of the principal receipts in the Funding 2 GIC account attributable to such loan tranches during the relevant calculation period. |
Unless a relevant swap early termination event occurs, the Funding 2 swap will terminate on the date on which the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the master intercompany loan is reduced to zero. In the event that the Funding 2 swap is terminated prior to the service of a master intercompany loan acceleration notice or the latest occurring final repayment date of any loan tranche advanced under the master intercompany loan agreement, Funding 2 shall enter into a replacement Funding 2 swap on terms acceptable to the rating agencies, with the Funding 2 security trustee and with a swap provider whom the rating agencies have previously confirmed in writing to Funding 2, the issuing entity and the Funding 2 security trustee will not cause the then current ratings of the notes to be downgraded, withdrawn or qualified. If Funding 2 is unable to enter into a replacement Funding 2 swap on terms acceptable to the rating agencies, this may affect amounts availab le to pay interest on the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement.
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Issuing entity currency swaps |
The loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement will be denominated in sterling and interest payable by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the loan tranches is calculated by reference to LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits or, for some loan tranches, such other sterling LIBOR rate as may be specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement, each plus or minus a margin. However, the issuing entity may (subject to compliance with all applicable legal, regulatory and central bank requirements) issue a series or class of notes in such currency as may be agreed with the relevant underwriters and/or (in the case of any privately placed notes) the relevant noteholders. Such notes will accrue interest at a rate calculated by reference to a rate for one-month deposits in such currency, three-month deposits in such currency or such other rate specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. To deal with the potential currency mismatch between (i) its receipts and liabilities in respect of the loan tranches and (ii) its receipts and liabilities under the notes, the issuing entity will, pursuant to the terms of the issuing entity swap agreements in respect of each series, swap its receipts and liabilities in respect of the relevant loan tranches on terms that match the issuing entity’s obligations under the relevant series of notes.
The currency amount of each such issuing entity swap will be the principal amount outstanding under the series of notes to which the relevant issuing entity swap relates. Subject, in the case of the issuing entity’s obligations under certain classes of notes, to certain deferral of interest provisions that will apply when payment of interest under the corresponding notes is deferred in accordance with the terms and conditions of such notes, and to the extent that the issuing entity makes its corresponding payments to the issuing entity swap providers, the issuing entity swap providers will pay to the issuing entity amounts in the specified currency that are equal to the amounts of interest to be paid on each of the classes of the notes of the relevant series and the issuing entity will pay to the issuing entity swap providers the sterling interest amounts received on the loan tranches corresponding to the classes of notes of the relevant series. In order to allow for the effective currency amount of each relevant issuing entity swap to amortise at the same rate as the relevant series and class of notes, each issuing entity swap agreement will provide that, as and when the notes amortise, a corresponding portion of the currency amount of the relevant issuing entity swap will amortise. Pursuant to each such issuing entity swap agreement, any portion of issuing entity swap so amortised will be swapped from sterling into the specified currency at the specified currency exchange rate for such notes.
On the final maturity date of each such class of notes or, if earlier, the date on which such notes are redeemed in full (other than pursuant to number 5(F) (Optional redemption or purchase for implementation of EU Capital Requirements Directive) under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below or following delivery of a note acceleration notice in respect of such series and class of notes), the relevant issuing entity swap provider will pay to the issuing entity an amount in the specified currency, equal to the principal amount outstanding under the relevant notes, and the issuing entity will pay to the relevant issuing entity swap provider an equivalent amount in sterling, converted by reference to the specified currency exchange rate for such notes. If the issuing entity does not have sufficient principal available pursuant to the issuing entity cash management agreement to pay such amount in full on such date and accordingly pays only a par t of such amount to the relevant issuing entity swap provider, the relevant issuing entity swap provider will be obliged on such date to pay only the equivalent of such partial amount in the specified currency, in each case converted by reference to the specified currency exchange rate for such notes.
In the event that any such issuing entity swap is terminated prior to the service of a note acceleration notice or the final redemption of the relevant series of notes, the issuing entity shall enter into a replacement currency swap in respect of that class and series of notes. Any replacement currency swap must be entered into on terms acceptable to the rating agencies, the issuing entity and the issuing entity security trustee and with a replacement currency swap provider whom the rating agencies have previously confirmed in writing to the issuing entity and the issuing entity security trustee will not cause the then current ratings of the notes of the relevant series to be downgraded, withdrawn or qualified. If the issuing entity is unable to enter into any replacement
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currency swaps on terms acceptable to the rating agencies, this may affect amounts available to pay amounts due under the notes.
If such an issuing entity swap agreement is terminated and the issuing entity is unable to enter into a replacement swap as described above, then any payments received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 on each Funding 2 interest payment date shall be deposited in the issuing entity transaction account (or such other account opened for this purpose) and applied by the issuing entity to repay the notes on each quarterly interest payment date after exchanging at the “spot” rate the relevant proceeds from sterling into the specified currency as required.
Issuer interest rate swaps |
The loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement will be denominated in sterling and interest payable by Funding 2 to the issuing entity under the loan tranches is calculated by reference to LIBOR for three-month sterling deposits or, for some loan tranches, such other sterling LIBOR rate as may be specified in the applicable loan tranche supplement, each plus or minus a margin. However, the issuing entity may (subject to compliance with all applicable legal, regulatory and central bank requirements) issue a series or class of notes in sterling and such notes may accrue interest at a fixed rate of interest. To deal with the potential interest rate mismatch between (i) its receipts and liabilities in respect of the loan tranches and (ii) its receipts and liabilities under the notes, the issuing entity will, pursuant to the terms of the issuing entity swap agreements in respect of each such series and class of notes, swap its receipts and liabilities in respect of the relevant loan tranches on terms that match the issuing entity’s obligations under the relevant series and class of notes.
In the event that any such issuing entity swap is terminated prior to the service of a note acceleration notice or its scheduled termination date, the issuing entity shall enter into a replacement interest rate swap in respect of that series and class of notes. Any replacement interest rate swap must be entered into on terms acceptable to the rating agencies, the issuing entity and the issuing entity security trustee and with a replacement interest rate swap provider whom the rating agencies have previously confirmed in writing to the issuing entity and the issuing entity security trustee will not cause the then current ratings of the notes of the relevant series and class to be downgraded, withdrawn or qualified. If the issuing entity is unable to enter into any replacement interest rate swaps on terms acceptable to the rating agencies, this may affect amounts available to pay amounts due under such series and class of notes.
If such an issuing entity swap agreement is terminated and the issuing entity is unable to enter into a replacement swap as described above, then any payments received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 on each Funding 2 interest payment date shall be deposited in the issuing entity transaction account (or such other account opened for this purpose) and applied by the issuing entity to pay interest to the holders of the relevant series and class of notes on each quarterly interest payment date.
Ratings downgrade of swap providers |
Under each of the swap agreements, in the event that the relevant rating(s) of a swap provider, or its respective guarantor, as applicable, is or are, as applicable, downgraded by a rating agency below the rating(s) specified in the relevant swap agreement (in accordance with the requirements of the rating agencies) for such swap provider, and, if applicable, as a result of the downgrade, the then current ratings of the notes, in respect of the Funding 2 swap, or the notes corresponding to the relevant issuing entity swap, in respect of the relevant issuing entity swap, would or may, as applicable, be reduced, withdrawn or qualified, the relevant swap provider will, in accordance with the Funding 2 swap or the relevant issuing entity swap, as applicable, be required to take certain remedial measures which may include (a) providing collateral for its obligations under the relevant swap, (b) arranging for its obligations under the relevant swap to be transferred to an entity with rating(s) required by the relevant rating agency as specified in the relevant swap agreement (in accordance with the requirements of the relevant rating agency), (c) procuring another entity with rating(s) required by the relevant rating agency as specified in the relevant swap agreement (in accordance with the requirements of the relevant rating agency) to become
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co-obligor or guarantor, as applicable, in respect of its obligations under the relevant swap or (d) taking such other action as it may agree with the relevant rating agency.
Any swap agreement may also be terminated in certain other circumstances that may include the following, each referred to as a swap early termination event:
| • | at the option of one party to the swap agreement, if there is a failure by the other party to pay any amounts due under that swap agreement and any applicable grace period has expired; |
| • | in respect of the issuing entity swaps, at the option of the relevant issuing entity swap provider, if a note event of default under the relevant series and class of notes occurs and the note trustee serves a note acceleration notice; |
| • | in respect of the Funding 2 swap, at the option of the Funding 2 swap provider, if a master intercompany loan event of default occurs and the Funding 2 security trustee serves a master intercompany loan acceleration notice; |
| • | in respect of the issuing entity swaps, at the option of either party, if a redemption of the relevant series and class of notes occurs pursuant to number 5(F) (Optional Redemption or Purchase for Implementation of EU Capital Requirements Directive) under “Terms and conditions of the US notes” below; |
| • | if applicable, at the option of the issuing entity (in the case of an issuing entity swap) or Funding 2 (in the case of the Funding 2 swap), if certain tax representations by the relevant swap provider prove to have been incorrect or misleading in any material respect; |
| • | at the option of the relevant swap provider, if certain insolvency events occur with respect to the issuing entity (in the case of an issuing entity swap) or Funding 2 (in the case of the Funding 2 swap); |
| • | at the option of the issuing entity (in the case of an issuing entity swap) or Funding 2 (in the case of the Funding 2 swap), upon the occurrence of an insolvency of the relevant swap provider, or its guarantor, or the merger of the relevant swap provider without an assumption of its obligations under the relevant swap agreement, or if a material misrepresentation is made by the swap provider under the relevant swap agreement, or if the relevant swap provider defaults under an over-the-counter derivatives transaction under another agreement between the issuing entity and such swap provider or, if a breach of a provision of the relevant swap agreement by the swap provider is not remedied within the applicable grace period or, if applicable, if the guarantor of the relevant swap provider fails to comply with its obligations under the guarantee; |
| • | if applicable, at the option of the issuing entity (in the case of an issuing entity swap relating to a US dollar-denominated series and class of notes) or Funding 2 (in the case of the Funding 2 swap), if the relevant swap provider fails to provide the cash manager with the required financial information necessary to complete the issuing entity’s or Funding 2’s, as applicable, Exchange Act filings with the SEC as required pursuant to the relevant swap agreement; |
| • | if a change in law results in the obligations of one of the parties becoming illegal; |
| • | at the option of the relevant swap provider, if withholding taxes are imposed on payments made by the relevant swap provider or issuing entity due to a change in law; and |
| • | at the option of the issuing entity (in the case of an issuing entity swap) or Funding 2 (in the case of the Funding 2 swap) if the relevant swap provider or its guarantor, as applicable, is downgraded and fails to comply with the requirements of the ratings downgrade provision contained in the relevant swap agreement and described under “– Ratings downgrade of swap providers” above. |
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Upon the occurrence of a swap early termination event, the issuing entity or the relevant issuing entity swap provider may be liable to make a termination payment to the other (in the case of an issuing entity swap) and/or Funding 2 or the Funding 2 swap provider may be liable to make a termination payment to the other (in the case of the Funding 2 swap). This termination payment will be calculated and payable in sterling. The amount of any termination payment will be based on the market value of the terminated swap as determined on the basis of quotations sought from leading dealers as to the cost of entering into a swap with the same terms and conditions that would have the effect of preserving the economic equivalent of the respective full payment obligations of the parties (or based upon a good faith determination of total losses and costs (or gains) if an insufficient number of quotations can be obtained or if basing the valuation on quotations would not pro duce a commercially reasonable result) and will include any unpaid amounts that became due and payable prior to the date of termination. Any such termination payment could be substantial.
If any issuing entity swap is terminated early and a termination payment is due by the issuing entity to an issuing entity swap provider, then, pursuant to its obligations under the master intercompany loan agreement, Funding 2 shall pay to the issuing entity an amount equal to the termination payment due to the relevant issuing entity swap provider less any amount received by the issuing entity under any replacement issuing entity swap agreement. These payments will be made by Funding 2 only after paying interest amounts due on the loan tranches and after providing for any debit balance on the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger. The issuing entity shall apply amounts received from Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan agreement in accordance with the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments or, as the case may be, the issuing entity post-enforcement priority of payments. The application by the issuing entity of termination payments d ue to an issuing entity swap provider may affect the funds available to pay amounts due to the noteholders (see further “Risk factors – You may be subject to risks relating to exchange rates or interest rates on the notes” above).
If the issuing entity receives a termination payment from an issuing entity swap provider, then the issuing entity shall use those funds towards meeting its costs in effecting any currency exchanges at the applicable spot rate of exchange until a replacement issuing entity swap is entered into and/or to acquire a replacement issuing entity swap.
Noteholders will not receive extra amounts (over and above interest and principal payable on the notes) as a result of the issuing entity receiving a termination payment.
Each swap provider may, subject to certain conditions specified in the relevant swap agreement, including (without limitation) the satisfaction of certain requirements of the rating agencies, transfer its obligations under any of the swaps to another entity.
Neither Funding 2 nor the issuing entity is obliged under any of the swaps to gross up payments made by them if withholding taxes are imposed on payments made under the Funding 2 swap or the issuing entity swaps.
Each swap provider will generally be obliged to gross up payments made by it to Funding 2 or the issuing entity, as appropriate, if withholding taxes are imposed on payments made under the Funding 2 swap or the issuing entity swaps. However, if a swap provider is required to gross up a payment under a swap due to a change in law, the relevant swap provider may be entitled to terminate the relevant swap.
The Funding 2 swap agreement and the issuing entity swap agreements will be governed by English law.
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Cash management for the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the cash management agreement. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the cash management agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Halifax has been appointed by the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee and the Funding 2 security trustee to provide cash management services in relation to the mortgages trust, Funding 1 and Funding 2.
On the programme date, Funding 2 will appoint Halifax (acting as cash manager) to provide cash management service to Funding 2. The cash manager already provides cash management services to the mortgages trustee and Funding 1.
Cash management services provided in relation to the mortgages trust |
The cash manager’s duties in relation to the mortgages trust include, but are not limited to:
| (A) | determining the current shares of Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller in the trust property in accordance with the terms of the mortgages trust deed; |
| (B) | maintaining the following ledgers on behalf of the mortgages trustee: |
| | • | a ledger designated the Funding 1 share/Funding 2 share/seller share ledger, which records the current shares and share percentage of the seller, Funding 1 and Funding 2 in the trust property; |
| | • | the losses ledger, which records losses on the loans; |
| | • | the principal ledger, which records principal receipts on the loans received by the mortgages trustee and payments of principal from the mortgages trustee GIC account to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller; and |
| | • | the revenue ledger, which records revenue receipts on the loans received by the mortgages trustee and payments of revenue receipts from the mortgages trustee GIC account to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller; |
| (C) | distributing the mortgages trust available revenue receipts and the mortgages trustee principal receipts to Funding 1, Funding 2 and the seller in accordance with the terms of the mortgages trust deed; and |
| (D) | providing the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee and the rating agencies with a quarterly report in relation to the trust property. |
Cash management services provided to Funding 2 |
The cash manager’s duties in relation to Funding 2 will include, but are not limited to:
| (A) | four business days before each Funding 2 interest payment date, determining: |
| | • | the amount of Funding 2 available revenue receipts to be applied to pay interest and fees in relation to the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement on the following Funding 2 interest payment date; and |
| | • | the amount of Funding 2 available principal receipts to be applied to repay the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement on the following Funding 2 interest payment date; |
| (B) | if required, making drawings under the Funding 2 general reserve fund and/or the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund; |
| (C) | maintaining the following ledgers on behalf of Funding 2: |
| | • | the Funding 2 principal ledger, which records the amount of principal receipts received by Funding 2 on each distribution date; |
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| | • | the Funding 2 revenue ledger, which records all amounts (other than principal receipts) received by Funding 2 on each distribution date, together with interest received by Funding 2 on its authorised investments or pursuant to the bank account agreement; |
| | • | the Funding 2 general reserve ledger, which records (i) the amount credited to the Funding 2 general reserve fund from a portion of the proceeds of Funding 2 start-up loans on the relevant closing dates, (ii) other amounts standing to the credit of the Funding 2 general reserve fund (but not exceeding the Funding 2 reserve required amount) and (iii) all deposits and other credits in respect of the Funding 2 general reserve fund; |
| | • | the Funding 2 liquidity reserve ledger, which will record the amounts credited to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund from Funding 2 available revenue receipts and from Funding 2 available principal receipts up to the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund required amount and drawings made under the Funding 2 liquidity reserve fund; |
| | • | the Funding 2 principal deficiency ledger, which records principal deficiencies arising from losses on the loans which have been allocated to the Funding 2 share or the use of the Funding 2 principal receipts to cover certain senior expenses (including interest on the loan tranches and fees due under the master intercompany loan agreement); |
| | • | the master intercompany loan ledger, which records payments of interest and repayments of principal made on each of the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement; and |
| | • | the Funding 2 cash accumulation ledger, which records the amount accumulated by Funding 2 from time to time to pay the amounts due on the bullet loan tranches and the scheduled amortisation instalments; |
| (D) | investing sums standing to the credit of the Funding 2 GIC account in short-term authorised investments as determined by Funding 2, (insofar as permitted by applicable law, including without limitation, the FSMA) the cash manager and the Funding 2 security trustee; |
| (E) | making withdrawals from the Funding 2 reserve funds as and when required; |
| (F) | applying the Funding 2 available revenue receipts and Funding 2 available principal receipts in accordance with the relevant Funding 2 priority of payments; |
| (G) | providing Funding 2, the issuing entity, the Funding 2 security trustee, the issuing entity security trustee and the rating agencies with a quarterly report in relation to Funding 2; and |
| (H) | making all returns and filings in relation to Funding 2 and the mortgages trustee and providing or procuring the provision of company secretarial and administration services to them. |
For the definitions of Funding 2 available revenue receipts and Funding 2 available principal receipts, see “Cashflows” above.
Cash management services provided to Funding 1 |
The cash manager is also responsible for providing similar cash management services to Funding 1 as those provided to Funding 2.
The cash manager’s external auditors will review the mortgages trustee’s, Funding 1’s and Funding 2’s bank accounts and account activity as part of their periodic audits.
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Compensation of cash manager |
The cash manager is paid a rate of 0.025 per cent. per annum (inclusive of VAT) of the aggregate of the principal amount outstanding of the term advances under the Funding 1 intercompany loan agreements and the loan tranches under the master intercompany loan agreement for the services provided to the mortgages trustee, Funding 2 and Funding 1, which is paid by the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2 in accordance with separate fee letters agreed with the cash manager. The rate is subject to adjustment if the applicable rate of VAT changes.
In addition, the cash manager is entitled to be reimbursed for any expenses or other amounts properly incurred by it in carrying out its duties. The cash manager is paid by (a) the mortgages trustee prior to payment of mortgages trust available revenue receipts to Funding 1 and Funding 2 on each distribution date, (b) Funding 2 prior to payment of interest due on the loan tranches and (c) Funding 1 prior to payment of interest due on the term advances.
Resignation of cash manager |
The cash manager may resign only on giving 12 months’ written notice to the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2 and the mortgages trustee and if (among other things):
| • | a substitute cash manager has been appointed and a new cash management agreement is entered into on terms satisfactory to the Funding 1 security trustee, the Funding 2 security trustee, the mortgages trustee, Funding 1 and Funding 2; and |
| • | the ratings of the notes and the Funding 1 notes at that time would not be reduced, withdrawn or qualified as a result of that replacement (unless otherwise agreed by an extraordinary resolution of the noteholders of each class and the holders of each class of Funding 1 notes). |
Termination of appointment of cash manager |
Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee or the Funding 2 security trustee may, upon written notice to the cash manager, terminate the cash manager’s rights and obligations immediately if any of the following events occurs:
| • | the cash manager defaults in the payment of any amount due and fails to remedy the default for a period of three London business days after becoming aware of the default; |
| • | the cash manager fails to comply with any of its other obligations under the cash management agreement which in the opinion of the Funding 1 security trustee and/or the Funding 2 security trustee (as the case may be) is materially prejudicial to the Funding 1 secured creditors or the Funding 2 secured creditors (as the case may be) and does not remedy that failure within 20 London business days after the earlier of becoming aware of the failure and receiving a notice from Funding 1 or Funding 2 or the Funding 1 security trustee or the Funding 2 security trustee (case may be); or |
| • | Halifax, while acting as the cash manager, suffers an insolvency event. |
If the appointment of the cash manager is terminated or it resigns, the cash manager must deliver its books of account relating to the loans to or at the direction of the mortgages trustee, Funding 1, Funding 2, the Funding 1 security trustee or the Funding 2 security trustee, as the case may be. The cash management agreement will terminate automatically when Funding 1 and Funding 2 have no further interests in the trust property and the Funding 1 intercompany loans, the master intercompany loan and all other Funding 2 intercompany loans have been repaid or otherwise discharged.
The cash management agreement is governed by English law.
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Cash management for the issuing entity
The following section contains a summary of the material terms of the issuing entity cash management agreement. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to the provisions of the issuing entity cash management agreement, a form of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
On the programme date, the issuing entity will appoint Halifax (acting as issuing entity cash manager) to provide cash management services to the issuing entity.
Cash management services to be provided to the issuing entity |
The issuing entity cash manager’s duties will include, but are not limited to:
| (A) | four business days before each quarterly interest payment date, determining: |
| | • | the amount of issuing entity revenue receipts to be applied to pay interest on the notes on the following quarterly interest payment date and to pay amounts due to other creditors of the issuing entity; and |
| | • | the amount of issuing entity principal receipts to be applied to repay the notes on the following quarterly interest payment date; |
| (B) | applying issuing entity revenue receipts and issuing entity principal receipts in accordance with the relevant priority of payments for the issuing entity set out in the issuing entity cash management agreement or, as applicable, the issuing entity deed of charge; |
| (C) | maintaining the following ledgers on behalf of the issuing entity: |
| | • | the issuing entity revenue ledger, which records issuing entity revenue receipts (excluding certain fees to be paid by Funding 2 on each Funding 2 interest payment date under the terms of the master intercompany loan agreement (other than in respect of any non-subordinated termination payment due by the issuing entity in respect of any issuing entity swap), which will be credited to the issuing entity expense ledger) received and paid out of the issuing entity. The issuing entity revenue ledger will be split into sub-ledgers corresponding to each series and class of notes issued by the issuing entity, and any interest received from Funding 2 in respect of a loan tranche and any payment due by the issuing entity to an issuing entity swap provider in relation to the corresponding class of notes will be credited to the relevant corresponding sub-ledger; |
| | • | the issuing entity principal ledger, which records all Funding 2 available principal receipts received by the issuing entity from Funding 2 constituting principal repayments on a loan tranche. All such Funding 2 available principal receipts in relation each loan tranche will be credited to a sub-ledger (in respect of the related series and class of notes); |
| | • | the issuing entity expense ledger, which records payments of certain fees received from Funding 2 under the master intercompany loan and payments out in accordance with the issuing entity pre-enforcement revenue priority of payments; and |
| | • | the series ledgers, which record payments of interest and repayments of principal on each series and class of notes and any payment of fees in respect of any termination payment due by the issuing entity in respect of a corresponding issuing entity swap; |
| (D) | providing the issuing entity, Funding 2, the issuing entity security trustee and the rating agencies with quarterly reports in relation to the issuing entity; |
| (E) | making all returns and filings required to be made by the issuing entity and providing or procuring the provision of company secretarial and administration services to the issuing entity; |
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| (F) | arranging payment of all fees to the London Stock Exchange or, as applicable, the FSA; and |
| (G) | if necessary, performing all currency and interest rate conversions (whether it be a conversion from sterling to another specified currency or vice versa, or floating rates of interest to fixed rates of interest or vice versa) free of charge, cost or expense at the relevant exchange rate. |