| Significant Accounting Policies | Note 3 ā Significant Accounting Policies Consolidation Policy Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all entities that we control and our proportionate interest in the accounts of certain gas gathering and processing facilities in which we own an undivided interest and are responsible for our proportionate share of the costs and expenses of the facilities. Third party ownership interests in our controlled subsidiaries are presented as noncontrolling interests within the equity section of our Consolidated Balance Sheets. In our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, noncontrolling interests reflects the attribution of results to third-party investors. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. We apply the equity method of accounting to investments over which we exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of our investee, but do not exercise control. We evaluate our equity investments for impairment when evidence indicates the carrying amount of our investment is no longer recoverable. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the equity method investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. When the estimated fair value of an equity investment is less than its carrying value and the loss in value is determined to be other than temporary, we recognize the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value as a non-cash pre-tax impairment loss within equity earnings (loss) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates and judgments are based on information available at the time such estimates and judgments are made . among other things, (1) estimating unbilled revenues, product purchases and operating and general and administrative cost accruals, (2) developing fair value assumptions, including estimates of future cash flows and discount rates, (3) analyzing long-lived assets for possible impairment, (4) estimating the useful lives of assets, (5) estimating contingencies, guarantees and indemnifications and (6) estimating redemption value of mandatorily redeemable preferred interests. Cash and Cash Cash and cash equivalents include all cash on hand, demand deposits, and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash, and have original maturities of three months or less. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Estimated losses on accounts receivable are provided through an allowance for doubtful accounts. We estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts through various procedures, including extensive review of our trade receivable balances by counterparty, assessing economic events and conditions, our historical experience with counterparties, the counterpartyās financial condition and the amount and age of past due accounts. We continuously evaluate our ability to collect amounts owed to us. Receivables are considered past due if full payment is not received by the contractual due date. Our evaluation procedures also include performing account reconciliations, dispute resolution and payment confirmation. As the financial condition of any counterparty changes, circumstances develop or additional information becomes available, adjustments to our allowance may be required. Inventories Our inventories consist primarily of NGL product inventories, which are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the average cost method. Most NGL product inventories turn over monthly, but some inventory, primarily propane, is acquired and held during the year to meet anticipated heating season requirements of our customers. Commodity inventories that are not physically or contractually available for sale under normal operations (ādeadstockā) are included in Property, Plant and Equipment. Our commodity-based inventory was $178.9 million and $156.5 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Product Exchanges Exchanges of NGL products are executed to satisfy timing and logistical needs of the exchange parties. Volumes received and delivered under exchange agreements are recorded as inventory. If the locations of receipt and delivery are in different markets, an exchange differential may be billed or owed. The exchange differential is recorded as either accounts receivable or accrued liabilities. Gas Processing Imbalances Quantities of natural gas and/or NGLs over-delivered or under-delivered, related to certain gas plant operational balancing agreements, are recorded monthly as inventory or as a payable using the weighted average price at the time the imbalance was created. Inventory imbalances receivable are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the average cost method; inventory imbalances payable are valued at replacement cost. These imbalances are settled either by current cash-out settlements or by adjusting future receipts or deliveries of natural gas or NGLs. Derivative Instruments We utilize derivative instruments to manage the volatility of our cash flows due to fluctuating energy commodity prices. For balance sheet classification purposes, we analyze the fair values of the derivative instruments on a contract by contract basis and report the related fair values and any related collateral by counterparty on a gross basis. Cash flows from derivative instruments designated as hedges are recognized in the same financial statement line item as the cash flows from the respective item being hedged. We formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategy for undertaking the hedge. This documentation includes the specific identification of the hedging instrument and the hedged item, the nature of the risk being hedged and the manner in which the hedging instrumentās effectiveness will be assessed. At the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, we assess whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective in achieving the offset of changes in cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. We record all derivative instruments at fair value with the exception of those that we apply the normal purchases and normal sales election. The table below summarizes the accounting treatment for our derivative instruments, and the impact on our consolidated financial statements:
Recognition and Measurement
Derivative Treatment
Balance Sheet
Income Statement
Normal Purchases and Normal Sales
Fair value not recorded
Earnings recognized when volumes are physically delivered or received
Mark-to-Market
Recorded at fair value
Change in fair value recognized currently in earnings
Cash Flow Hedge
Recorded at fair value with changes in fair value deferred in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI")
The gain/loss on the derivative instrument is reclassified out of AOCI into earnings when the forecasted transaction occurs We will discontinue hedge accounting on a prospective basis when a hedge instrument is terminated, ceases to be highly effective or the forecasted transaction is no longer probable to occur. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment is recorded at acquisition cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The determination of the useful lives of property, plant and equipment requires us to make various assumptions, including our expected use of the asset and the supply of and demand for hydrocarbons in the markets served, normal wear and tear of the facilities, and the extent and frequency of maintenance programs. Upon disposition or retirement of property, plant and equipment, any gain or loss is recorded to operations. Expenditures for routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Expenditures to refurbish an asset that increases its existing service potential or prevents environmental contamination are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset or major asset component. Certain costs directly related to the construction of assets, including internal labor costs, interest and engineering costs, are capitalized. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets We evaluate long-lived assets, including intangible assets, for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate our carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, including changes to our estimates that could have an impact on our assessment of asset recoverability. Asset recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying value of the asset or asset group with its expected future pre-tax undiscounted cash flows. If the carrying amount exceeds the expected future undiscounted cash flows, we recognize a non-cash pre-tax impairment loss equal to the excess of net book value over fair value as determined by quoted market prices in active markets or present value techniques if quotes are unavailable. The estimated cash flows used to assess recoverability of our long-lived assets and measure fair value of our asset groups are derived from current business plans, which are developed using near-term price and volume projections reflective of the current environment and management's projections for long-term average prices and volumes. In addition to near and long-term price assumptions, other key assumptions include volume projections, operating costs, timing of incurring such costs, and the use of an appropriate terminal value and discount rate. Any changes we make to these projections and assumptions could result in significant revisions to our evaluation of recoverability of our long-lived assets and the recognition of additional impairments. We believe our estimates and models used to determine fair value are similar to what a market participant would use. Goodwill Goodwill is a residual intangible asset that results when the cost of an acquisition exceeds the fair value of the net identifiable assets of the acquired business. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is tested for impairment at least annually. This test requires us to attribute goodwill to an appropriate reporting unit, which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (also known as a component). We evaluate goodwill for impairment on November 30 of each year, or whenever impairment indicators are present. Prior to us conducting the goodwill impairment test, we complete a review of the carrying values of our long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets. If it is determined that the carrying values are not recoverable, we reduce the carrying values of the long-lived assets pursuant to our policy on property, plant and equipment. As part of our goodwill impairment test, we may first assess qualitative factors to determine if the quantitative goodwill impairment test is necessary. If we choose to bypass this qualitative assessment or determine that a goodwill impairment test is required, our annual goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount (including attributed goodwill). We recognize an impairment loss in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and a corresponding reduction of goodwill on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unitās fair value. The goodwill impairment loss will not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, when measuring goodwill, we consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit, if applicable. Intangible Assets Our intangible assets include producer dedications under long-term contracts and customer relationships associated with business and asset acquisitions. The fair value of these acquired intangible assets was determined at the date of acquisition based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. We amortize the costs of our assets in a manner that closely resembles the expected benefit pattern of the intangible assets or on a straight-line basis, where such pattern is not readily determinable, over the periods in which we benefit from services provided to customers. Asset Retirement Obligations Asset retirement obligations (āAROsā) are legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets that result from their acquisition, construction, development and/or normal operation. We record a liability and increase the basis in the underlying asset for the present value of each expected asset retirement obligation (āAROā) when there is a legal obligation to settle under existing or enacted law, statute, written or oral contract or by legal construction. Our obligations are estimated based on discounted cash flow estimates. Over time, the ARO liability is accreted to its present value as a period cost and the capitalized amount is depreciated over the assetās respective useful life. At least annually, we review the projected timing and amount of asset retirement obligations and reflect revisions as an increase or decrease in the carrying amount of the liability and the basis in the underlying asset. Upon settlement, we will recognize any difference between the recorded amount and the actual settlement cost as a gain or loss. Debt Issuance Costs Costs incurred in connection with the issuance of long-term debt and any original issue discount or premium are deferred and charged to interest expense over the term of the related debt. Debt issuance costs related to revolving credit facilities are presented as other long-term assets, and debt issuance costs related to long-term debt obligations with scheduled maturities are reflected as a deduction to the carrying amount of long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains or losses on debt repurchases, redemptions and debt extinguishments include any associated unamortized debt issuance costs. Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility Proceeds from the sale or contribution of certain receivables under the accounts receivable securitization facility (the āSecuritization Facilityā) are treated as collateralized borrowings in our financial statements. Proceeds and repayments under the Securitization Facility are reflected as cash flows from financing activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Environmental Liabilities and Other Loss Contingencies We accrue a liability for loss contingencies, including environmental remediation costs arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties and other sources, when the loss is probable and reasonably estimable. Income Taxes We generally are not subject to federal income taxes. For federal income tax purposes, our earnings or losses are included in the tax returns of our separate partners. The taxable income or loss passed through to our partners may vary substantially from the net income or net loss we report in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As part of the APL merger, we acquired TPL Arkoma, Inc. a corporate subsidiary subject to federal and state income tax. Our corporate subsidiary accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method and provides deferred income taxes for all significant temporary differences. As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes for our taxable corporate subsidiary. This process involves estimating our actual current tax payable and related tax expense together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of certain items, such as depreciation, for tax and accounting purposes. These differences can result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income. If we believe that it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, we establish a valuation allowance. Any change in the valuation allowance would impact our income tax provision and net income in the period in which such a determination is made. We consider all available evidence to determine whether, based on the weight of the evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. Evidence used includes information about our current financial position and our results of operations for the current and preceding years, as well as all currently available information about future years, including our anticipated future performance, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities and tax planning strategies. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate due primarily to Partnership earnings that are generally not subject to federal and state income taxes at the Partnership level. We are also subject to the Texas margin tax, consisting generally of a 0.75% tax on the amount by which total revenues exceed cost of goods sold, as apportioned to Texas. See Note 20 ā Income Tax for discussion of our federal and state income tax expense (benefits) of our taxable subsidiary as well as our net deferred income tax assets (liabilities). Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Interests Mandatorily redeemable preferred interests are included in other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and such interests with multiple or indeterminate redemption dates are reported at their estimated redemption value as of the reporting date. This point-in-time value does not represent the amount that ultimately would be redeemed in the future. Changes in the redemption value are included in interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our consolidated financial statements include our interest in two joint ventures that, separately, own a 100% interest in the WestOK natural gas gathering and processing system and a 72.8% undivided interest in the WestTX natural gas gathering and processing system. Our partner in the joint ventures holds preferred interests in each joint venture that are redeemable: (i) at our or our partnerās election, on or after July 27, 2022; and (ii) mandatorily, in July 2037. The joint ventures, collectively, hold $1.9 billion face value in notes receivable from our partner, which are due July 2042 In February 2018, the parties amended the agreements governing each joint venture to: (i) increase the priority return for capital contributions made on or after January 1, 2017; and (ii) add a non-consent feature effective with respect to certain capital projects undertaken on or after January 1, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the decrease in estimated redemption value of the mandatorily redeemable preferred interests of $72.1 million is primarily attributable to the amendments. Income attributable to mandatorily redeemable preferred interests totaled $4.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. The mandatorily redeemable preferred interests had no estimated redemption value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income (āOCIā), which includes changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges. Revenue Recognition Our operating revenues are primarily derived from the following activities:
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sales of natural gas, NGLs, condensate and crude oil;
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services to compressing, gathering, treating, and processing of natural gas; and
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services to NGL fractionation, terminaling and storage, transportation and treating. We have multiple types of contracts with commercial counterparties and many of these contracts contain embedded fees with settlement provisions that deduct these fees from the sales price paid by Targa in exchange for commodities. The commercial relationship of the counterparty in such contracts is inherently one of a supplier, rather than a customer, and therefore, such contracts are excluded from the provisions of the revenue recognition guidance in Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Any cash inflows or fees that are realized on these supply type contracts are reported as a reduction of Product purchases. Our revenues, therefore, are measured based on consideration specified in a contract with parties designated as customers. We recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control over a commodity or service to a customer. Sales and other taxes we collect, that are both imposed on and concurrent with revenue-producing activities, are excluded from revenues. We generally report sales revenues on a gross basis in our Consolidated Statements of Operations, as we typically act as the principal in the transactions where we receive and control commodities. However, buy-sell transactions that involve purchases and sales of inventory with the same counterparty, which are legally contingent or in contemplation of one another, as well as other instances where we do not control the commodities, but rather are acting as an agent to the supplier, are reported as a single revenue transaction on a combined net basis. Our commodity sales contracts typically contain multiple performance obligations, whereby each distinct unit of commodity to be transferred to the customer is a separate performance obligation. Under such contracts, revenue is recognized at the point in time each unit is transferred to the customer because the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the commodity at that time. In certain instances, it may be determinable that the customer receives and consumes the benefits of each unit as it is transferred. Under such contracts, we have a single performance obligation comprised of a series of distinct units of commodity; and in such instance, revenue is recognized over time using the units delivered output method, as each distinct unit is transferred to the customer. Our commodity sales contracts are typically priced at a market index, but may also be set at a fixed price. When our sales are priced at a market index, we apply the allocation exception for variable consideration and allocate the market price to each distinct unit when it is transferred to the customer. The fixed price in our commodity sales contracts generally represents the standalone selling price, and therefore, when each distinct unit is transferred to the customer, we recognize revenue at the fixed price. Our service contracts typically contain a single performance obligation. The underlying activities performed by us are considered inputs to an integrated service and not separable because such activities in combination are required to successfully transfer the single overall service that the customer has contracted for and expects to receive. Therefore, the underlying activities in such contracts are not considered to be distinct services. However, in certain instances, the customer may contract for additional distinct services and therefore additional performance obligations may exist. In such instances, the transaction price is allocated to the multiple performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling prices. The performance obligation(s) in our service contracts is a series of distinct days of the applicable service over the life of the contract (fundamentally a stand-ready service), whereby we recognize revenue over time using an output method of progress based on the passage of time (i.e., each day of service). This output method is appropriate because it directly relates to the value of service transferred to the customer to date, relative to the remaining days of service promised under the contract. The transaction price for our service contracts is typically comprised of variable consideration, which is primarily dependent on the volume and composition of the commodities delivered and serviced. The variable consideration is generally commensurate with our efforts to perform the service and the terms of the variable payments relate specifically to our efforts to satisfy each day of distinct service. Therefore, the variable consideration is typically not estimated at contract inception, but rather the allocation exception for variable consideration is applied, whereby the variable consideration is allocated to each day of service and recognized as revenue when each day of service is provided. When we are entitled to noncash consideration in the form of commodities, the variability related to the form of consideration (market price) and reasons other than form (volume and composition) are interrelated to the service, and therefore, we measure the noncash consideration at the point in time when the volume, mix and market price related to the commodities retained in-kind are known. This results in the recognition of revenue based on the market price of the commodity when the service is performed. In addition, if the transaction price includes a fixed component (i.e., a fixed capacity reservation fee), the fixed component is recognized ratably on a straight line basis over the contract term, as each day of service has elapsed, which is consistent with the output method of progress selected for the performance obligation. Our customers are typically billed on a monthly basis, or earlier, if final delivery and sale of commodities is made prior to month-end, and payment is typically due within 10 to 30 days. As a practical matter, we define the unit of account for revenue recognition purposes based on the passage of time ranging from one month to one quarter, rather than each day. This is because the financial reporting outcome is the same regardless of whether each day or month/quarter is treated as the distinct service in the series. That is, at the end of each month or quarter, the variability associated with the amount of consideration for which we are entitled to, is resolved, and can be included in that month or quarterās revenue. We have certain long-term contractual arrangements under which we have received consideration, but for which all conditions for revenue recognition have not been met. These arrangements result in deferred revenue, which will be recognized over the periods that performance will be provided. Significant Judgments Certain provisions of our service contracts (i.e., tiered price structures) require further assessment to determine if the allocation exception for variable consideration is met. If the allocation exception is not met, we estimate the total consideration that we expect to be entitled to for the applicable term of the contract, based on projections of future activity. In such instance, revenue is recognized using an output method of progress based on the volume of commodities serviced during the reporting period. Our estimate of total consideration is reassessed each reporting period until contract completion. For contracts with minimum volume commitments, we generally expect the customer to meet the commitment. However, such contracts are reassessed throughout the term of the commitment, and if we no longer expect the customer to meet the commitment, the allocation exception for variable consideration would not be met. That is, from that point onwards, an allocation based on the applicable fee applied to the volumes serviced does not depict the amount of consideration which we expect to be entitled to, in exchange for the service. In such instance, revenue will be recognized up to the minimum volume commitment in proportion to the days of service elapsed and the remaining duration of the commitment. Contract Assets We classify our contract assets as receivables because we generally have an unconditional right to payment for the commodities sold or services performed at the end of reporting period. Unit-Based and Share-Based Compensation Prior to the TRC/TRP Merger, we awarded unit-based compensation to employees of Targa and to directors and non-management directors of our General Partner in the form of restricted common units and performance units. We withheld units to satisfy employeesā tax withholding obligations on vested awards. The withheld shares were recorded as treasury units at cost. In connection with the TRC/TRP Merger, the unit-based compensation was converted to comparable share-based TRC awards and share-based compensation is now awarded in the form of TRC restricted stock, and TRC restricted stock units. Compensation expense on awards that qualify as equity arrangements are measured by the fair value of the award as determined at the date of grant. Compensation expense on awards that qualify as liability arrangements is initially measured by the fair value of the award at the date of grant, and re-measured subsequently at each reporting date through the settlement period. Compensation expense is allocated to us from TRC and recognized in general and administrative expense over the requisite service period of each award. Leases We recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date:
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A lease liability, which is a lesseeās obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease.
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A right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lesseeās right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are considered short-term leases, which are excluded from the balance sheet. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. The right-of-use asset also includes any lease prepayments and excludes lease incentives. As most of the Companyās leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate to compute the present value of our lease liability. The discount rate applied is determined based on information available on the date of adoption for all leases existing as of that date, and on the date of lease commencement for all subsequent leases. Our lease arrangements may include variable lease payments based on an index or market rate, or may be based on performance. For variable lease payments based on an index or market rate, we estimate and apply a rate based on information available at the commencement date. Variable lease payments based on performance are excluded from the calculation of the right-of-use asset and lease liability, and are recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Operations when the contingency underlying such variable lease payments is resolved. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease. Such options are included in the measurement of our right-of-use asset and liability, provided we determine that we are reasonably certain to exercise the option. |
