activities. Contingent financial commitments represent obligations that become payable only if certain pre-defined events occur, such as financial guarantees.
As of June 30, 2008, there were no material changes to our contractual obligations and contingent financial commitments since December 31, 2007.
Dividend payments on Dynegy’s common stock are at the discretion of Dynegy’s Board of Directors. Dynegy did not declare or pay a dividend on its common stock during the second quarter 2008, and does not foresee a declaration of dividends in the near term.
Our primary internal liquidity sources are cash flows from operations, cash on hand and available capacity under our Credit Agreement, which is scheduled to mature in April 2012, and under our Contingent LC Facility.
DHI had operating cash inflows of $29 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This consisted of $324 million in operating cash flows from our power generation business, offset by $295 million of cash outflows relating to corporate-level expenses and our former customer risk management business.
Please read “—Results of Operations—Operating Income (Loss)” and “—Cash Flow Disclosures” for further discussion of factors impacting our operating cash flows for the periods presented.
Our future operating cash flows will vary based on a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the price of natural gas and its correlation to power prices, the cost of coal and fuel oil, the value of ancillary services and capacity and legal and regulatory requirements. Additionally, availability of our plants
during peak demand periods will be required to allow us to capture attractive market prices when available. Over the longer term, our operating cash flows also will be impacted by, among other things, our ability to tightly manage our operating costs, including maintenance costs, in balance with ensuring that our plants are available to operate when markets offer attractive returns.
Cash on Hand. At August 1, 2008 and June 30, 2008, Dynegy had cash on hand of $912 million and $271 million, respectively, as compared to $328 million at December 31, 2007. The decrease in cash on hand at June 30, 2008 as compared to the end of 2007 is primarily attributable to an increase in cash margin postings on futures and exchange-cleared derivative positions partially offset by a reduction in cash collateral posting for the Sandy Creek Project, proceeds from the sale of the Calcasieu power generating facility and the sales of other assets, as well as cash provided by the operations of our power generating facilities. The increase in cash on hand from June 30, 2008 to August 1, 2008 was primarily due to proceeds received from the sale of the Rolling Hills power generation facility, as well as cash inflows arising from the daily settlements of our exchange – traded or brokered commodity futures positions held with our futures clearing manager.
At August 1, 2008 and June 30, 2008, DHI had cash on hand of $880 million and $238 million, respectively, as compared to $292 million at December 31, 2007. The decrease in cash on hand at June 30, 2008 as compared to the end of 2007 is primarily attributable to an increase in cash margin postings on futures and exchange-cleared derivative positions partially offset by a reduction in cash collateral posting for the Sandy Creek Project, proceeds from the sale of the Calcasieu power generating facility and the sales of other assets, as well as cash provided by the operations of our power generating facilities. The increase in cash on hand from June 30, 2008 to August 1, 2008 was primarily due to proceeds received from the sale of the Rolling Hills power generation facility, as well as cash inflows arising from the daily settlements of our exchange – traded or brokered commodity futures positions held with our futures clearing manager.
External Liquidity Sources
Our primary external liquidity sources are proceeds from asset sales and other types of capital-raising transactions, including potential debt and equity issuances.
Asset Sale Proceeds. On July 31, 2008, we completed the sale of the Rolling Hills power generation facility to an affiliate of Tenaska Capital Management, LLC for approximately $368 million, net of transaction costs. Please read Note 3—Dispositions and Discontinued Operations—Dispositions—Rolling Hills for further discussion.
On March 31, 2008, we completed our sale of the Calcasieu power generation facility for approximately $56 million, net of transaction costs. Please read Note 3—Disposition and Discontinued Operations—Discontinued Operations—Calcasieu for further discussion.
Consistent with industry practice, we regularly evaluate our generation fleet based primarily on geographic location, fuel supply, market structure and market recovery expectations. We consider divestitures of non-core generation assets where the balance of the above factors suggests that such assets’ earnings potential is limited or that the value that can be captured through a divestiture outweighs the benefits of continuing to own and operate such assets. Moreover, dispositions of one or more generation facilities could occur in 2008 or beyond. Were any such sale or disposition to be consummated, the disposition could result in accounting charges related to the affected asset(s), and our future earnings and cash flows could be affected.
Capital-Raising Transactions. As part of our ongoing efforts to maintain a capital structure that is closely aligned with the cash-generating potential of our asset-based business, which is subject to cyclical changes in commodity prices, we may explore additional sources of external liquidity. The timing of any transaction may be impacted by events, such as strategic growth opportunities, development activities, legal judgments or regulatory requirements, which could require us to pursue additional capital in the near-term. The receptiveness of the capital markets to an offering of debt or equity securities cannot be assured and may be negatively impacted by, among other things, our non-investment grade credit ratings, significant debt maturities, long-term business prospects and other factors beyond our control. Any issuance of equity by Dynegy likely would have other effects as well, including stockholder dilution. Our ability to issue debt securities is limited by our financing agreements, including our Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Facility, as amended.
In addition, we continually review and discuss opportunities to grow our company and to participate in what we believe will be continuing consolidation of the power generation industry. No such definitive transaction has been agreed to and none can be guaranteed to occur; however, we have successfully executed on similar opportunities in the past and could do so again in the future. Depending on the terms and structure of any such
44
transaction, we could issue significant debt and/or equity securities for capital-raising purposes. We also could be required to assume substantial debt obligations and the underlying payment obligations.
Capital Allocation. We continually review our investment options with respect to our capital resources. We do not have any material debt maturities until 2011, and between now and then we expect to enhance our current capital resources through the results of our operating business. We will seek to invest these capital resources in various projects and activities based on their return to stockholders. Potential investments could include, among others: add-on or other enhancement projects associated with our current power generation assets; greenfield or brownfield development projects; merger and acquisition activities; and returns of capital to stockholders through, for example, a share buy-back. Capital allocation determinations generally are subject to the discretion of Dynegy’s Board of Directors as well as availability of capital and related investment opportunities, and may be limited by the provisions of our credit agreement. Any particular use of capital in an amount that is not considered material may be made without any prior public disclosure and could occur at any time.
Please read “Uncertainty of Forward-Looking Statements and Information” for additional factors that could impact our future operating results and financial condition.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS—DYNEGY INC. and DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
Overview. In this section, we discuss our results of operations, both on a consolidated basis and, where appropriate, by segment, for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. At the end of this section, we have included our outlook for each segment.
We report the results of our power generation business as three separate geographical segments in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Beginning in the first quarter 2008, the results of our former customer risk management business are included in Other as it does not meet the criteria required to be an operating segment as of January 1, 2008. Accordingly, we have restated the corresponding items of segment information for prior periods. Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial results also reflect corporate-level expenses such as general and administrative, interest and depreciation and amortization.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
Summary Financial Information. The following tables provide summary financial data regarding Dynegy’s consolidated and segmented results of operations for the three month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
45
Dynegy’s Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 66 | | | | $ | 178 | | | | $ | 78 | | | | $ | 1 | | | | $ | 323 | | |
Cost of sales | | | | (137 | ) | | | | (163 | ) | | | | (155 | ) | | | | (1 | ) | | | | (456 | ) | |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (47 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | | | (51 | ) | | | | 6 | | | | | (125 | ) | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (52 | ) | | | | (25 | ) | | | | (14 | ) | | | | (2 | ) | | | | (93 | ) | |
Gain on sale of assets, net | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | — | | | | | 15 | | | | | 26 | | |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | (39 | ) | | | | (39 | ) | |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Operating loss | | | $ | (170 | ) | | | $ | (32 | ) | | | $ | (142 | ) | | | $ | (20 | ) | | | $ | (364 | ) | |
Earnings (losses) from unconsolidated investments | | | | — | | | | | 3 | | | | | — | | | | | (6 | ) | | | | (3 | ) | |
Other items, net | | | | 2 | | | | | 4 | | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | 17 | | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (108 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (458 | ) | |
Income tax benefit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 186 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (272 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
Dynegy’s Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 406 | | | | $ | 145 | | | | $ | 279 | | | | $ | (2 | ) | | | $ | 828 | | |
Cost of sales | | | | (142 | ) | | | | (101 | ) | | | | (159 | ) | | | | 33 | | | | | (369 | ) | |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (54 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | | | (54 | ) | | | | — | | | | | (141 | ) | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (50 | ) | | | | (23 | ) | | | | (12 | ) | | | | (3 | ) | | | | (88 | ) | |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | (48 | ) | | | | (48 | ) | |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Operating income (loss) | | | $ | 160 | | | | $ | (12 | ) | | | $ | 54 | | | | $ | (20 | ) | | | $ | 182 | | |
Losses from unconsolidated investments | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | (2 | ) | | | | (2 | ) | |
Other items, net | | | | (9 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 10 | | | | | 1 | | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (84 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 97 | | |
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (30 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 67 | | |
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 9 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 76 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
46
The following tables provide summary financial data regarding DHI’s consolidated and segmented results of operations for the three month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
DHI’s Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 66 | | | | $ | 178 | | | | $ | 78 | | | | $ | 1 | | | | $ | 323 | | |
Cost of sales | | | | (137 | ) | | | | (163 | ) | | | | (155 | ) | | | | (1 | ) | | | | (456 | ) | |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (47 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | | | (51 | ) | | | | 6 | | | | | (125 | ) | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (52 | ) | | | | (25 | ) | | | | (14 | ) | | | | (2 | ) | | | | (93 | ) | |
Gain on sale of assets, net | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | — | | | | | 15 | | | | | 26 | | |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | (39 | ) | | | | (39 | ) | |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Operating loss | | | $ | (170 | ) | | | $ | (32 | ) | | | $ | (142 | ) | | | $ | (20 | ) | | | $ | (364 | ) | |
Earnings from unconsolidated investments | | | | — | | | | | 3 | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 3 | | |
Other items, net | | | | 2 | | | | | 4 | | | | | — | | | | | 10 | | | | | 16 | | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (108 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
|
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (453 | ) | |
Income tax benefit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 184 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
|
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (269 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
DHI’s Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 406 | | | | $ | 145 | | | | $ | 279 | | | | $ | (2 | ) | | | $ | 828 | | |
Cost of sales | | | | (142 | ) | | | | (101 | ) | | | | (159 | ) | | | | 33 | | | | | (369 | ) | |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (54 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | | | (54 | ) | | | | — | | | | | (141 | ) | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (50 | ) | | | | (23 | ) | | | | (12 | ) | | | | (3 | ) | | | | (88 | ) | |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | (46 | ) | | | | (46 | ) | |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Operating income (loss) | | | $ | 160 | | | | $ | (12 | ) | | | $ | 54 | | | | $ | (18 | ) | | | $ | 184 | | |
Other items, net | | | | (9 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 12 | | | | | 3 | | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (84 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 103 | | |
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (21 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
|
Income from continuing operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 82 | | |
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
|
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 90 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| | |
47
The following table provides summary segmented operating statistics for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | |
| |
| |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| |
| |
| |
GEN-MW | | | | | |
Million Megawatt Hours Generated | | | | 5.5 | | | | | 6.0 | | |
In Market Availability for Coal Fired Facilities (1) | | | | 91 | % | | | | 95 | % | |
Average Capacity Factor for Combined Cycle Facilities (2) | | | | 11 | % | | | | 15 | % | |
Average Actual On-Peak Market Power Prices ($/MWh) (3): | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cinergy (Cin Hub) | | | $ | 77 | | | | $ | 67 | | |
Commonwealth Edison (NI Hub) | | | $ | 75 | | | | $ | 62 | | |
PJM West | | | $ | 99 | | | | $ | 74 | | |
Average On-Peak Market Spark Spreads ($/MWh) (4): | | | | | | | | | | | |
PJM West | | | $ | 14 | | | | $ | 17 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
GEN-WE | | | | | | | | | | | |
Million Megawatt Hours Generated (5) (6) | | | | 2.3 | | | | | 2.7 | | |
Average Capacity Factor for Combined Cycle Facilities (2) | | | | 38 | % | | | | 48 | % | |
Average Actual On-Peak Market Power Prices ($/MWh) (3): | | | | | | | | | | | |
North Path 15 (NP 15) | | | $ | 97 | | | | $ | 69 | | |
Palo Verde | | | $ | 92 | | | | $ | 65 | | |
Average On-Peak Market Spark Spreads ($/MWh) (4): | | | | | | | | | | | |
North Path 15 (NP 15) | | | $ | 18 | | | | $ | 16 | | |
Palo Verde | | | $ | 15 | | | | $ | 13 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
GEN-NE | | | | | | | | | | | |
Million Megawatt Hours Generated | | | | 1.6 | | | | | 1.8 | | |
In Market Availability for Coal Fired Facilities (1) | | | | 88 | % | | | | 90 | % | |
Average Capacity Factor for Combined Cycle Facilities (2) | | | | 22 | % | | | | 19 | % | |
Average Actual On-Peak Market Power Prices ($/MWh) (3): | | | | | | | | | | | |
New York—Zone G | | | $ | 123 | | | | $ | 86 | | |
New York—Zone A | | | $ | 75 | | | | $ | 60 | | |
Mass Hub | | | $ | 114 | | | | $ | 77 | | |
Average On-Peak Market Spark Spreads ($/MWh) (4): | | | | | | | | | | | |
New York—Zone A | | | $ | (9 | ) | | | $ | 3 | | |
Mass Hub | | | $ | 29 | | | | $ | 20 | | |
Fuel Oil | | | $ | (41 | ) | | | $ | (10 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Average natural gas price—Henry Hub ($/MMBtu) (7) | | | $ | 11.32 | | | | $ | 7.54 | | |
| | |
|
|
| (1) | Reflects the percentage of generation available during periods when market prices are such that these units could be profitably dispatched. |
| | |
| (2) | Reflects actual production as a percentage of available capacity. |
| | |
| (3) | Reflects the average of day-ahead quoted prices for the periods presented and does not necessarily reflect prices realized by the Company. |
| | |
| (4) | Reflects the simple average of the spark spread available to a 7.0 MMBtu/MWh heat rate generator selling power at day-ahead prices and buying delivered natural gas or fuel oil at a daily cash market price and does not reflect spark spreads available to the Company. |
| | |
| (5) | Includes our ownership percentage in the MWh generated by our GEN-WE investment in the Black Mountain power generation facility for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. |
| | |
| (6) | Excludes approximately 0.8 million MWh generated by our CoGen Lyondell power generation facility, which we sold in August 2007, for the three months ended June 30, 2007 and less than 0.1 million MWh generated by our Calcasieu power generation facility, which we sold on March 31, 2008, for the three months ended June 30, 2007. |
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| |
(7) | Reflects the average of daily quoted prices for the periods presented and does not reflect costs incurred by the Company. |
The following tables summarize significant items on a pre-tax basis affecting net income (loss) for the periods presented:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 | |
| |
| |
| | Power Generation | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Gain on sale of NYMEX shares | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 15 | | | | $ | 15 | | |
Gain on sale of Oyster Creek ownership interest | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | |
Gain on sale of Sandy Creek ownership interest | | | | — | | | | | 13 | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 13 | | |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Total | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 24 | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 15 | | | | $ | 39 | | |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2007 | |
| |
| |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Discontinued operations | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 3 | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 11 | | | | $ | 14 | | |
Illinois rate relief charge | | | | (25 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | (25 | ) | |
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps, net of minority interest | | | | (9 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 39 | | | | | 30 | | |
Settlement of Kendall toll | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | 31 | | | | | 31 | | |
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|
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|
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|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Total | | | $ | (34 | ) | | | $ | 3 | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 81 | | | | $ | 50 | | |
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|
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|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
Operating Income (Loss)
Operating loss for Dynegy was $364 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $182 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Operating loss for DHI was $364 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $184 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
Our operating loss for the second quarter of 2008 was driven, in large part, by mark-to-market losses on forward sales of power associated with our generating assets which are included in Revenues in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Such losses, which totaled $481 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, were a result of an increase in forward market power prices or forward spark spreads during the second quarter 2008 combined with greater outstanding notional amounts of forward positions compared to the same period in the prior year. We do not designate our commodity derivative instruments as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. Please see Note 4—Risk Management Activities, Derivatives and Financial Instruments for further discussion. The resulting mark-to-market accounting treatment results in the immediate recognition of gains and losses within revenues in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations due to changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments. As such, these mark-to-market gains and losses are not reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations in the same period as the underlying power sales from generation activity for which the derivative instruments serve as economic hedges. Except for those positions that settled in the three months ended June 30, 2008, the expected cash impact of the settlement of these positions will be recognized over time through the end of 2010 based on the prices at which such positions are contracted. Our overall mark-to-market position and the related mark-to-market value will change as we buy or sell volumes within the forward market and as forward commodity prices fluctuate.
Power Generation—Midwest Segment. Operating loss for GEN-MW was $170 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $160 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
49
Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $340 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007, cost of sales decreased by $5 million and operating and maintenance expense decreased by $7 million, resulting in a net decrease of $328 million. The decrease was primarily driven by the following:
| | |
| • | Mark-to-market losses – GEN-MW’s results for the three months ended June 30, 2008 included mark-to-market losses of $286 million, compared to $54 million of mark-to-market gains for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Of the $286 million in 2008 mark-to-market losses, $110 million related to positions that settled or will settle in 2008, and the remaining $176 million related to positions that will settle in 2009 and beyond; and |
| | |
| • | Decreased volumes – Generated volumes were 5.5 million MWh for the three months ended June 30, 2008, down from 6.0 million MWh for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease in volumes was primarily driven by milder weather and transmission congestion as a result of flooding. |
| | |
| • | Increased market prices were offset by widening basis differentials – The average actual on-peak prices in the Cin Hub and PJM West pricing regions increased from $67 and $74 per MWh, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to $77 and $99 per MWh, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2008. However, in 2008, the price differential between the locations where we deliver generated power and the liquid market hubs where our forward power sales are located has continued to widen, in part due to congestion and transmission outages, as compared to the same period in the prior year. This widening price differential has had a negative impact on our results as the price we receive for delivered power at our physical delivery locations has not increased at the same rate as that of the liquid traded hubs; and |
| | |
| • | In 2007, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $25 million related to our agreement to participate in a comprehensive rate relief package for Illinois electric consumers. |
Depreciation expense increased from $50 million for the second quarter 2007 to $52 million for the second quarter 2008.
Power Generation—West Segment. Operating loss for GEN-WE was $32 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to a loss of $12 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Such amounts do not include results from our CoGen Lyondell and Calcasieu power generation facilities, which have been classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2008 increased by $33 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007, cost of sales increased by $62 million and operating and maintenance expense remained unchanged, resulting in a net decrease of $29 million. The decrease was primarily driven by the following:
| | |
| • | Mark-to-market losses – GEN-WE’s results for the three months ended June 30, 2008 included mark-to-market losses of $55 million, compared to $31 million of mark-to-market losses for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Of the $55 million in 2008 mark-to-market losses, $26 million related to positions that settled or will settle in 2008, and the remaining $29 million related to positions that will settle in 2009 and beyond; and |
| | |
| • | Decreased volumes – Generated volumes were 2.3 million MWh for the three months ended June 30, 2008, down from 2.7 million MWh for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The volume decrease was driven in large part by planned maintenance. |
These items were partially offset by a favorable tolling contract related to the Griffith power generating facility that went into effect during the second quarter 2008.
In May 2008, we sold the beneficial interest in Oyster Creek Limited to General Electric for approximately $11 million, and recognized a gain on the sale of approximately $11 million. Depreciation expense increased from $23 million for the second quarter 2007 to $25 million for the second quarter 2008.
Power Generation—Northeast Segment. Operating loss for GEN-NE was $142 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $54 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
50
Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $201 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007, cost of sales decreased by $4 million and operating and maintenance expense decreased by $3 million, resulting in a net decrease of $194 million. The decrease was primarily driven by the following:
| | |
| • | Mark-to-market losses – GEN-NE’s results for the three months ended June 30, 2008 included mark-to-market losses of $140 million, compared to gains of $34 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Of the $140 million in 2008 mark-to-market losses, $40 million related to positions that settled or will settle in 2008, and the remaining $100 million related to positions that will settle in 2009 and beyond; |
| | |
| • | Decreased spark spreads – Although on peak market power prices in New York Zone G and Zone A increased by 43 percent and 25 percent, respectively, spark spreads contracted as a result of higher fuel prices. Average market spark spreads in New York Zone A were negative for the three months ended June 30, 2008, as fuel prices rose at a greater rate than power prices; and |
| | |
| • | Lower volumes – Generated volumes were 1.6 million MWh for the three months ended June 30, 2008, down from 1.8 million MWh for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The volume decrease was primarily driven by our Roseton facility, which was affected by higher fuel prices and decreased spark spreads making it less economic to run the facility as compared to the same period in the prior year. |
Depreciation expense increased from $12 million for the second quarter 2007 to $14 million for the second quarter 2008.
Other. Dynegy’s other operating loss for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was $20 million, compared to a loss of $20 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Operating losses in both periods were comprised primarily of general and administrative expenses and results from our former customer risk management business. 2008 included an approximate $15 million gain related to our sale of our remaining NYMEX shares and both membership seats for approximately $16 million. 2008 also included a benefit of approximately $8 million related to the release of liabilities for state sales and franchise taxes. 2007 included a $31 million pre-tax gain associated with the acquisition of Kendall pursuant to EITF Issue No. 04-1. Prior to the acquisition, Kendall held a power tolling contract with our CRM segment. Upon completion of the Merger, this contract became an intercompany agreement, and was effectively eliminated on a consolidated basis, resulting in the $31 million gain. Please see Note 2—Acquisitions and Contributions—LS Power Business Combination for further discussion.
Dynegy’s consolidated general and administrative expenses were $39 million and $48 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2007 included legal and settlement charges of $4 million and a charge of approximately $6 million in connection with the accelerated vesting of restricted stock and stock option awards previously granted to employees, which vested in full upon closing of the Merger.
DHI’s other operating loss for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was $20 million, compared to a loss of $18 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Operating losses in both periods were comprised primarily of general and administrative expenses and results from our former customer risk management business. 2008 included an approximate $15 million gain related to our sale of our remaining NYMEX shares and both membership seats for approximately $16 million. 2008 also included a benefit of approximately $8 million related to the release of liabilities for state sales and franchise taxes. 2007 included a $31 million pre-tax gain associated with the acquisition of Kendall pursuant to EITF Issue No. 04-1. Prior to the acquisition, Kendall held a power tolling contract with our CRM segment. Upon completion of the Merger, this contract became an intercompany agreement, and was effectively eliminated on a consolidated basis, resulting in the $31 million gain. Please see Note 2—Acquisitions and Contributions—LS Power Business Combination for further discussion.
DHI’s consolidated general and administrative expenses were $39 million and $46 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2007 includes legal and settlement charges of $2 million and a charge of approximately $6 million in connection with the accelerated vesting of restricted stock and stock option awards previously granted to employees, which vested in full upon closing of the Merger.
51
Earnings from Unconsolidated Investments
Dynegy’s losses from unconsolidated investments were $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008. GEN-WE recognized $3 million of earnings related to its investment in the Sandy Creek Project. These earnings were comprised of our $13 million share of the gain on SCEA’s sale of an 11 percent undivided interest in the Sandy Creek Project, partly offset by our share of the partnership’s losses. Please see Note 6—Variable Interest Entities—Sandy Creek for further discussion. Equity earnings from the investment in Sandy Creek were more than offset by a $6 million loss related to Dynegy’s investment in DLS Power Development, included in Other. Losses from unconsolidated investments were $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
DHI’s earnings from unconsolidated investments of $3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, related to the GEN-WE investment in the Sandy Creek Project. These earnings were comprised of our $13 million share of the gain on SCEA’s sale of an 11 percent undivided interest in the Sandy Creek Project, partly offset by our share of the partnership’s losses. Please see Note 6—Variable Interest Entities—Sandy Creek for further discussion. Earnings from unconsolidated investments were zero for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
Other Items, Net
Dynegy’s other items, net, totaled $17 million of income for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $1 million of income for the three months ended June 30, 2007. These amounts included $2 million of minority interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared with $9 million of minority interest expense for the same period in 2007 related to the Plum Point development project. The minority interest income in 2008 and expense in 2007 is primarily related to the mark-to-market interest income and expense related to the interest rate swap agreements associated with the Plum Point Credit Facility Agreement. Please see “Interest Expense” below for further discussion. The remaining increase in other income was associated with higher interest income due to larger cash balances in 2008.
DHI’s other items, net, totaled $16 million of income for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $3 million of income for the three months ended June 30, 2007. These amounts included $2 million of minority interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared with $9 million of minority interest expense for the same period in 2007 related to the Plum Point development project. The minority interest income in 2008 and expense in 2007 is primarily related to the mark-to-market interest income and expense related to the interest rate swap agreements associated with the Plum Point Credit Facility Agreement. Please see “Interest Expense” below for further discussion. The remaining increase in other income was associated with higher interest income due to larger cash balances in 2008.
Interest Expense
Dynegy’s and DHI’s interest expense totaled $108 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $84 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. Included in interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is approximately $27 million of mark-to-market income from interest rate swap agreements associated with the Plum Point Term Facility. Effective July 1, 2007, these agreements were designated as cash flow hedges. Also included in interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2007 is approximately $12 million of income from interest rate swap agreements, prior to being terminated, that were associated with the portion of the debt repaid in late May 2007. The mark-to-market income included in interest expense for 2007 is offset by net losses of approximately $7 million in connection with the repayment of a portion of the project indebtedness assumed in connection with the Merger. After consideration of these items, interest expense was lower in the three months ended June 30, 2008 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007 by $8 million due to lower interest rates.
52
Income Tax Benefit (Expense)
Dynegy reported an income tax benefit from continuing operations of $186 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to an income tax expense from continuing operations of $30 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The 2008 effective tax rate was 41 percent, compared to 31 percent in 2007.
DHI reported an income tax benefit from continuing operations of $184 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to an income tax expense of $21 million from continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The 2008 effective tax rate was 41 percent, compared to 20 percent in 2007.
In general, differences between these effective rates and the statutory rate of 35 percent resulted primarily from the effect of and incerase in state income taxes in the taxing jurisdictions in which our assets operate. During the three months ended June 30, 2007, the increase was more than offset by the impact of decreases in the New York state income tax rate and the Texas margin tax credit rate.
Discontinued Operations
Income From Discontinued Operations Before Taxes
During the three months ended June 30, 2007, our pre-tax income from discontinued operations was $14 million which includes earnings of $3 million from the operation of the CoGen Lyondell and Calcasieu power generation facilities and income of $11 million related to a favorable settlement of a legacy receivable.
Income Tax Expense From Discontinued Operations
We recorded an income tax expense from discontinued operations of $5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2007. The effective rates for the three months ended June 30, 2007 was 36 percent. FIN No. 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods an interpretation of APB Opinion No. 28” requires a detailed methodology of allocating income taxes between continuing and discontinued operations. This methodology often results in an effective rate for discontinued operations significantly different from the statutory rate of 35 percent.
53
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
Summary Financial Information. The following tables provide summary financial data regarding Dynegy’s consolidated and segmented results of operations for the six month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dynegy’s Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 230 | | | | $ | 309 | | | | $ | 329 | | | $ | — | | $ | 868 | |
Cost of sales | | | | (261 | ) | | | | (286 | ) | | | | (368 | ) | | | 8 | | | (907 | ) |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (93 | ) | | | | (63 | ) | | | | (97 | ) | | | 16 | | | (237 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (105 | ) | | | | (49 | ) | | | | (27 | ) | | | (5 | ) | | (186 | ) |
Gain on sale of assets, net | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | — | | | | 15 | | | 26 | |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (78 | ) | | (78 | ) |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
Operating loss | | | $ | (229 | ) | | | $ | (78 | ) | | | $ | (163 | ) | | $ | (44 | ) | $ | (514 | ) |
Losses from unconsolidated investments | | | | — | | | | | (2 | ) | | | | — | | | | (10 | ) | | (12 | ) |
Other items, net | | | | 2 | | | | | 4 | | | | | 6 | | | | 25 | | | 37 | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (217 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (706 | ) |
Income tax benefit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 282 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (424 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dynegy’s Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 678 | | | | $ | 145 | | | | $ | 503 | | | $ | 7 | | $ | 1,333 | |
Cost of sales | | | | (232 | ) | | | | (102 | ) | | | | (298 | ) | | | 23 | | | (609 | ) |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (94 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | | | (91 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | (220 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (92 | ) | | | | (24 | ) | | | | (18 | ) | | | (6 | ) | | (140 | ) |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (101 | ) | | (101 | ) |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
Operating income (loss) | | | $ | 260 | | | | $ | (14 | ) | | | $ | 96 | | | $ | (79 | ) | $ | 263 | |
Losses from unconsolidated investments | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (2 | ) | | (2 | ) |
Other items, net | | | | (9 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | 18 | | | 9 | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (151 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 119 | |
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (36 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Income from continuing operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 83 | |
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 90 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
54
The following tables provide summary financial data regarding DHI’s consolidated and segmented results of operations for the six month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
DHI’s Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 230 | | | | $ | 309 | | | | $ | 329 | | | | — | | $ | 868 | |
Cost of sales | | | | (261 | ) | | | | (286 | ) | | | | (368 | ) | | | 8 | | | (907 | ) |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (93 | ) | | | | (63 | ) | | | | (97 | ) | | | 16 | | | (237 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (105 | ) | | | | (49 | ) | | | | (27 | ) | | | (5 | ) | | (186 | ) |
Gain on sale of assets, net | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | — | | | | 15 | | | 26 | |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (78 | ) | | (78 | ) |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
Operating loss | | | $ | (229 | ) | | | $ | (78 | ) | | | $ | (163 | ) | | $ | (44 | ) | $ | (514 | ) |
Losses from unconsolidated investments | | | | — | | | | | (2 | ) | | | | — | | | | — | | | (2 | ) |
Other items, net | | | | 2 | | | | | 4 | | | | | 6 | | | | 24 | | | 36 | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (217 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (697 | ) |
Income tax benefit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 275 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (422 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
DHI’s Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | (in millions) | |
Revenues | | | $ | 678 | | | | $ | 145 | | | | $ | 503 | | | $ | 7 | | $ | 1,333 | |
Cost of sales | | | | (232 | ) | | | | (102 | ) | | | | (298 | ) | | | 23 | | | (609 | ) |
Operating and maintenance expense, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below | | | | (94 | ) | | | | (33 | ) | | | | (91 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | (220 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | | (92 | ) | | | | (24 | ) | | | | (18 | ) | | | (6 | ) | | (140 | ) |
General and administrative expense | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (82 | ) | | (82 | ) |
| | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
Operating income (loss) | | | $ | 260 | | | | $ | (14 | ) | | | $ | 96 | | | $ | (60 | ) | $ | 282 | |
Other items, net | | | | (9 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | 16 | | | 7 | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (151 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 138 | |
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (32 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Income from continuing operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 106 | |
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
Net income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 112 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| |
55
The following table provides summary segmented operating statistics for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| |
| |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| |
| |
| |
GEN-MW | | | | | | | | | | | |
Million Megawatt Hours Generated | | | | 11.4 | | | | | 11.6 | | |
In Market Availability for Coal Fired Facilities (1) | | | | 86 | % | | | | 92 | % | |
Average Capacity Factor for Combined Cycle Facilities (2) | | | | 11 | % | | | | — | | |
Average Actual On-Peak Market Power Prices ($/MWh) (3): | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cinergy (Cin Hub) | | | $ | 72 | | | | $ | 61 | | |
Commonwealth Edison (NI Hub) | | | $ | 71 | | | | $ | 58 | | |
PJM West | | | $ | 89 | | | | $ | 70 | | |
Average On-Peak Market Spark Spreads ($/MWh) (4): | | | | | | | | | | | |
PJM West | | | $ | 11 | | | | $ | 11 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
GEN-WE | | | | | | | | | | | |
Million Megawatt Hours Generated (5) (6) | | | | 4.7 | | | | | 2.7 | | |
Average Capacity Factor for Combined Cycle Facilities (2) | | | | 38 | % | | | | — | | |
Average Actual On-Peak Market Power Prices ($/MWh) (3): | | | | | | | | | | | |
North Path 15 (NP 15) | | | $ | 89 | | | | $ | 65 | | |
Palo Verde | | | $ | 81 | | | | $ | 60 | | |
Average On-Peak Market Spark Spreads ($/MWh) (4): | | | | | | | | | | | |
North Path 15 (NP 15) | | | $ | 18 | | | | $ | 12 | | |
Palo Verde | | | $ | 12 | | | | $ | 9 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
GEN-NE | | | | | | | | | | | |
Million Megawatt Hours Generated | | | | 3.6 | | | | | 3.8 | | |
In Market Availability for Coal Fired Facilities (1) | | | | 91 | % | | | | 90 | % | |
Average Capacity Factor for Combined Cycle Facilities (2) | | | | 23 | % | | | | — | | |
Average Actual On-Peak Market Power Prices ($/MWh) (3): | | | | | | | | | | | |
New York—Zone G | | | $ | 110 | | | | $ | 85 | | |
New York—Zone A | | | $ | 71 | | | | $ | 62 | | |
Mass Hub | | | $ | 102 | | | | $ | 79 | | |
Average On-Peak Market Spark Spreads ($/MWh) (4): | | | | | | | | | | | |
New York—Zone A | | | $ | (3 | ) | | | $ | 7 | | |
Mass Hub | | | $ | 24 | | | | $ | 20 | | |
Fuel Oil | | | $ | (38 | ) | | | $ | — | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Average natural gas price—Henry Hub ($/MMBtu) (7) | | | $ | 9.95 | | | | $ | 7.35 | | |
| | |
|
| (1) | Reflects the percentage of generation available during periods when market prices are such that these units could be profitably dispatched. |
| | |
| (2) | Reflects actual production as a percentage of available capacity. |
| | |
| (3) | Reflects the average of day-ahead quoted prices for the periods presented and does not necessarily reflect prices realized by the Company. |
| | |
| (4) | Reflects the simple average of the spark spread available to a 7.0 MMBtu/MWh heat rate generator selling power at day-ahead prices and buying delivered natural gas or fuel oil at a daily cash market price and does not reflect spark spreads available to the Company. |
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| (5) | Includes our ownership percentage in the MWh generated by our GEN-WE investment in the Black Mountain power generation facility for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. |
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| (6) | Excludes approximately 1.5 million MWh generated by our CoGen Lyondell power generation facility, which we sold in August 2007, for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and less than 0.1 million MWh generated by our Calcasieu power generation facility, which we sold on March 31, 2008, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. |
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| (7) | Reflects the average of daily quoted prices for the periods presented and does not reflect costs incurred by the Company. |
The following tables summarize significant items on a pre-tax basis affecting net income (loss) for the periods presented:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | |
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| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
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| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
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| | (in millions) | |
Release of state sales and franchise tax liabilities | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 16 | | $ | 16 | |
Gain on sale of NYMEX shares | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | 15 | | | 15 | |
Gain on sale of Oyster Creek ownership interest | | | | — | | | | | 11 | | | | | — | | | | — | | | 11 | |
Gain on sale of Sandy Creek ownership interest | | | | — | | | | | 13 | | | | | — | | | | — | | | 13 | |
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|
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|
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|
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Total | | | $ | — | | | | $ | 24 | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 31 | | $ | 55 | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 | |
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| | Power Generation | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | |
| | GEN-MW | | GEN-WE | | GEN-NE | | Other | | Total | |
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| | (in millions) | |
Discontinued operations | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11 | | $ | 11 | |
Legal and settlement charges | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (2 | ) | | (2 | ) |
Illinois rate relief charge | | | | (25 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | — | | | (25 | ) |
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps, net of minority interest | | | | (9 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | 39 | | | 30 | |
Settlement of Kendall toll | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | 31 | | | 31 | |
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|
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|
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|
| |
|
| |
Total—DHI | | | | (34 | ) | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | 79 | | | 45 | |
Legal and settlement charges | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | | — | | | | (19 | ) | | (19 | ) |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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Total—Dynegy | | | $ | (34 | ) | | | $ | — | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 60 | | $ | 26 | |
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Operating Income (Loss)
Operating loss for Dynegy was $514 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $263 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Operating loss for DHI was $514 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $282 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Our operating loss for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was driven, in large part, by mark-to-market losses on forward sales of power associated with our generating assets which are included in Revenues in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Such losses, which totaled $765 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, were a result of an increase in forward market power prices or forward spark spreads during the first half of 2008 combined with greater outstanding notional amounts of forward positions compared to the same period in 2007 partially due to the Merger. Effective April 2, 2007, we chose to cease designating our commodity derivative instruments as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. Please see Note 4—Risk Management Activities, Derivatives and Financial Instruments for further discussion. The resulting mark-to-market accounting treatment results in the immediate recognition of gains and losses within Revenues in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations due to changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments. As such, these mark-to-market gains and losses are not reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations in the same period as the underlying power sales from generation activity for which the derivative instruments serve as economic hedges. Except for those positions that settled in the six months ended June 30, 2008, the expected cash
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impact of the settlement of these positions will be recognized over time through the end of 2010 based on the prices at which such positions are contracted. Our overall mark-to-market position and the related mark-to-market value will change as we buy or sell volumes within the forward market and as forward commodity prices fluctuate.
Power Generation—Midwest Segment. Operating loss for GEN-MW was $229 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $260 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $448 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007, cost of sales increased by $29 million and operating and maintenance expense decreased by $1 million, resulting in a net decrease of $476 million. The decrease was primarily driven by the following:
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| • | Mark-to-market losses – GEN-MW’s results for the six months ended June 30, 2008 included mark-to-market losses of $479 million, compared to $35 million of mark-to-market gains for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Of the $479 million in 2008 mark-to-market losses, $258 million related to positions that settled or will settle in 2008, and the remaining $221 million related to positions that will settle in 2009 and beyond; and |
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| • | Lower volumes – In spite of the addition of the Midwest plants acquired through the Merger on April 2, 2007, generated volumes decreased by two percent, from 11.6 million MWh for the six months ended June 30, 2007, to 11.4 million MWh for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The decrease in volumes was primarily driven by forced outages, milder weather and transmission congestion as a result of flooding. |
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| These items were partly offset by the following: |
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| • | Kendall and Ontelaunee provided results of $55 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to $22 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007, exclusive of mark-to-market amounts discussed above; |
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| • | Increased market prices – The average actual on-peak prices in the Cin Hub and PJM West pricing regions increased from $61 and $70 per MWh, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $72 and $89 per MWh, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2008. However, in 2008, the price differential between the locations where we deliver generated power and the liquid market hubs where our forward power sales are located has continued to widen, in part due to congestion and transmission outages and regional weather differences, as compared to the same period in the prior year. This widening price differential has had a negative impact on our results as the price we receive for delivered power at our physical delivery locations has not increased at the same rate as that of the liquid traded hubs; and |
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| • | In 2007, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $25 million to support a comprehensive rate relief package for Illinois electric consumers. |
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Depreciation expense increased from $92 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $105 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 primarily as a result of the addition of Kendall and Ontelaunee. |
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Power Generation—West Segment. Operating loss for GEN-WE was $78 million for six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to a loss of $14 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Such amounts do not include results from our CoGen Lyondell and Calcasieu power generation facilities, which have been classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. |
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Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2008 increased by $164 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007, cost of sales increased by $184 million and operating and maintenance expense increased by $30 million, resulting in a net decrease of $50 million. The decrease was primarily driven by the following: |
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| • | Mark-to-market losses – GEN-WE’s results for the six months ended June 30, 2008 included mark-to-market losses of $102 million, compared to $33 million of mark-to-market losses for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Of the $102 million in 2008 mark-to-market losses, $68 million related to positions that settled or will settle in 2008, and the remaining $34 million related to positions that will settle in 2009 and beyond. |
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| | |
| • | Mark-to-market losses were partially offset by increased volumes. Generated volumes were 4.7 million MWh for the six months ended June 30, 2008, up from 2.7 million MWh for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The volume increase was primarily driven by the West plants acquired on April 2, 2007, which provided total results of $63 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared with $40 million for the same period 2007, exclusive of mark-to-market losses discussed above. Results for 2008 were negatively impacted by a forced outage. |
These items were partially offset by a favorable tolling contract related to the Griffith power generating facility that went into effect during the second quarter 2008.
In May 2008, we sold a beneficial interest in Oyster Creek Limited to General Electric for approximately $11 million, and recognized a gain on the sale of approximately $11 million. Depreciation expense increased from $24 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $49 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 primarily as a result of the addition of the acquired plants.
Power Generation—Northeast Segment. Operating loss for GEN-NE was $163 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $96 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $174 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007, cost of sales increased by $70 million and operating and maintenance expense increased by $6 million, resulting in a net decrease of $250 million. The decrease was primarily driven by the following:
| | |
| • | Mark-to-market losses – GEN-NE’s results for the six months ended June 30, 2008 included mark-to-market losses of $184 million related to forward sales, compared to gains of $32 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Of the $184 million in 2008 mark-to-market losses, $65 million related to positions that settled or will settle in 2008, and the remaining $119 million related to positions that will settle in 2009 and beyond; |
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| • | Decreased spark spreads – Although on peak market prices in New York Zone G and Zone A increased by 29 percent and 15 percent, respectively, spark spreads contracted as a result of higher fuel prices. Average market spark spreads in New York Zone A were negative for the six months ended June 30, 2008, as fuel prices rose at a greater rate than power prices; and |
| | |
| • | Lower volumes – In spite of the addition of the Northeast plants acquired through the Merger on April 2, 2007, generated volumes decreased by five percent, from 3.8 million MWh for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 3.6 million MWh for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The volumes added by the new Northeast plants were more than offset by a decrease in generated volumes at our Roseton and Independence facilities, which were affected by higher fuel prices and decreased spark spreads. |
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| • | These items were partly offset by the addition of Bridgeport and Casco Bay, which provided results of $19 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared with $9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007, exclusive of mark-to-market losses discussed above. |
Depreciation expense increased from $18 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $27 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, primarily as a result of the addition of Bridgeport and Casco Bay.
Other. Dynegy’s other operating loss for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $44 million, compared to an operating loss of $79 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Operating losses in both periods were comprised primarily of general and administrative expenses and results from our former customer risk management business. 2008 included an approximate $15 million gain related to our sale of our remaining NYMEX shares and both membership seats for approximately $15 million. 2008 also included a benefit of approximately $16 million related to the release of liabilities for state sales and franchise taxes, as well as a $9 million benefit from the release of a liability associated with an assignment of a natural gas transportation contract. 2007 included a $31 million pre-tax gain associated with the acquisition of Kendall pursuant to EITF Issue No. 04-1. Prior to the acquisition, Kendall held a power tolling contract with our CRM segment. Upon completion of the Merger, this contract became an intercompany agreement, and was effectively eliminated on a consolidated basis, resulting in the $31 million gain. Please see Note 2—Acquisitions and Contributions—LS Power Business Combination for further discussion.
Dynegy’s consolidated general and administrative expenses were $78 million and $101 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. General and administrative expenses for the six months ended
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June 30, 2007 included legal and settlement charges of $21 million and a charge of approximately $6 million in connection with the accelerated vesting of restricted stock and stock option awards previously granted to employees, which vested in full upon closing of the Merger.
DHI’s other operating loss for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $44 million, compared to an operating loss of $60 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Operating losses in both periods were comprised primarily of general and administrative expenses and results from our former customer risk management business. 2008 included an approximate $15 million gain related to our sale of our remaining NYMEX shares and both membership seats for approximately $15 million. 2008 also included a benefit of approximately $16 million related to the release of liabilities for state sales and franchise taxes, as well as a $9 million benefit from the release of a liability associated with an assignment of a natural gas transportation contract. 2007 included a $31 million pre-tax gain associated with the acquisition of Kendall pursuant to EITF Issue No. 04-1. Prior to the acquisition, Kendall held a power tolling contract with our CRM segment. Upon completion of the Merger, this contract became an intercompany agreement, and was effectively eliminated on a consolidated basis, resulting in the $31 million gain. Please see Note 2—Acquisitions and Contributions—LS Power Business Combination for further discussion.
DHI’s consolidated general and administrative expenses were $78 million and $82 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 includes legal and settlement charges of $2 million and a charge of approximately $6 million in connection with the accelerated vesting of restricted stock and stock option awards previously granted to employees, which vested in full upon closing of the Merger.
Earnings from Unconsolidated Investments
Dynegy’s losses from unconsolidated investments were $12 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. GEN-WE recognized $2 million of losses related to its investment in the Sandy Creek Project. These losses were comprised of $15 million primarily associated with our share of the partnership’s losses, partially offset by our $13 million share of the gain on SCEA’s sale of an 11 percent undivided interest in the Sandy Creek Project. Please see Note 6—Variable Interest Entities—Sandy Creek for further discussion. The remaining $10 million loss related to its investment in DLS Power Development, included in Other. Losses from unconsolidated investments were $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
DHI’s losses from unconsolidated investments were $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. GEN-WE recognized $2 million of losses related to its investment in the Sandy Creek Project. These losses were comprised of $15 million primarily associated with our share of the partnership’s losses, partially offset by our $13 million share of the gain on SCEA’s sale of an 11 percent undivided interest in the Sandy Creek Project. Please see Note 6—Variable Interest Entities—Sandy Creek for further discussion. Earnings from unconsolidated investments were zero for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Other Items, Net
Dynegy’s other items, net, totaled $37 million of income for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $9 million of income for the six months ended June 30, 2007. These amounts included $2 million of minority interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared with $9 million of minority interest expense recorded in 2007 related to the Plum Point development project. The minority interest income in 2008 and expense in 2007 is primarily related to the mark-to-market interest income and expense related to the interest rate swap agreements associated with the Plum Point Credit Agreement. Please see “Interest Expense” below for further discussion. In addition, during the first quarter 2008, we recognized income of $6 million related to insurance proceeds received in excess of the book value of damaged assets. The remaining increase in other income was associated with higher interest income due to larger cash balances in 2008.
DHI’s other items, net, totaled $36 million of income for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $7 million of income for the six months ended June 30, 2007. These amounts included $2 million of minority interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared with $9 million of minority interest expense recorded in 2007 related to the Plum Point development project. The minority interest income in 2008 and expense
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in 2007 is primarily related to the mark-to-market interest income and expense related to the interest rate swap agreements associated with the Plum Point Credit Agreement. Please see “Interest Expense” below for further discussion. In addition, during the first quarter 2008, we recognized income of $6 million related to insurance proceeds received in excess of the book value of damaged assets. The remaining increase in other income was associated with higher interest income due to larger cash balances in 2008.
Interest Expense
Dynegy’s and DHI’s interest expense totaled $217 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to $151 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to the project debt assumed in connection with the Merger which was subsequently replaced, and secondarily to the associated growth in the size and utilization of our Credit Agreement. Included in interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is approximately $27 million of mark-to-market income from interest rate swap agreements associated with the Plum Point Term Facility. Effective July 1, 2007, these agreements have been designated as cash flow hedges. Also included in interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is approximately $12 million of income from interest rate swap agreements, prior to being terminated, that were associated with the portion of the debt repaid in late May 2007. The mark-to-market income included in interest expense for 2007 is offset by net losses of approximately $7 million in connection with the repayment of a portion of the project indebtedness assumed in connection with the Merger.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense)
Dynegy reported an income tax benefit from continuing operations of $282 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to an income tax expense from continuing operations of $36 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The 2008 effective tax rate was 40 percent, compared to 30 percent in 2007.
DHI reported an income tax benefit from continuing operations of $275 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to an income tax expense of $32 million from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The 2008 effective tax rate was 39 percent, compared to 23 percent in 2007.
In general, differences between these effective rates and the statutory rate of 35 percent resulted primarily from the effect of an increase in state income taxes in the taxing jurisdictions in which our assets operate. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, the increase was more than offset by the impact of decreases in the New York state income tax rate and the Texas margin tax credit rate.
Discontinued Operations
Income From Discontinued Operations Before Taxes
During the six months ended June 30, 2007, our pre-tax income from discontinued operations was $11 million which includes income of $11 million related to a favorable settlement of a legacy receivable.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense) From Discontinued Operations
We recorded an income tax benefit from discontinued operations of $1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared to an income tax expense of $4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2007. The effective rates for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were 100 percent and 36 percent, respectively. FIN No. 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods an interpretation of APB Opinion No. 28” requires a detailed methodology of allocating income taxes between continuing and discontinued operations. This methodology often results in an effective rate for discontinued operations significantly different from the statutory rate of 35 percent.
Outlook
We expect that our future financial results will continue to reflect sensitivity to fuel and commodity prices, market structure and prices for electric energy, ancillary services, capacity and emissions allowances, transportation and transmission logistics, weather conditions and IMA. Our commercial team actively manages commodity price
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risk associated with our unsold power production by trading in the forward markets that are correlated with our assets. We also participate in various regional auctions and bilateral opportunities. Our regional commercial strategies are particularly driven by the types of units that we have within a given region and the operating characteristics of those units.
Our fleet includes a diverse mixture of assets with various fuel, dispatch and merit order characteristics within each of our three regions. Our forward sales decisions are based on market fundamentals relative to each regional fleet profile. Our portfolio of sales agreements include short-term, medium-term and long-term contracts that range to five years and longer. Long-term contracts with terms of five years or longer, are generally intended to run to term and may include tolls or long-term power sale agreements related to our development projects. These contracts include terms designed to mitigate risks related to commodity prices and operation of the facilities such as a pass through of fuel costs and limited penalties for unavailability. Medium-term contracts, which range from two to five years, include structured deals and financial products, including options, and are intended to capture value from mid-term price trends but still provide some exposure to expected longer term upward price trends. We seek to commercialize the remainder of our fleet’s output via short-term sales, financial products, including options, spot sales and contract sales. We actively manage these positions, which are primarily associated with our baseload facilities, in an attempt to capitalize on commodity price volatility and other value capture opportunities. As a result, our fleet-wide forward sales profile is fluid and subject to change over time.
We entered the year with a substantial portion of the output from our fleet of power generation facilities contracted for 2008. We commercialized nearly all of our output for the remainder of 2008 as we moved forward through the first half of 2008 and prices increased. As we look forward to 2009 and beyond, we are actively transacting in 2009 positions and expect to enter 2009 with a substantial portion of the output of our fleet contracted. Based on specific market conditions, at any point in time we may be above or below this level since we actively manage our near-term market positions of less than two years.
To the extent that we choose not to enter into forward sales, the gross margin from our assets is a function of price movements in the coal, natural gas, fuel oil, electric energy and capacity markets.
The following summarizes unique business issues impacting our individual regions’ outlook.
GEN-MW. Our Midwest consent decree requires substantial emission reductions from our Illinois coal-fired power generating plants and the completion of several supplemental environmental projects in the Midwest. We have achieved all emission reductions scheduled to date under the Consent Decree and are installing additional emission control equipment to meet future Consent Decree emission limits. We expect our costs associated with the Midwest consent decree projects, which we expect to incur through 2012, to be approximately $960 million, which includes approximately $178 million spent to date. This estimate includes a number of assumptions and uncertainties beyond our control, including an assumption that labor and material costs will increase at four percent per year over the remaining project term.
Our Midwest coal requirements are 100 percent contracted through 2010. For 2008, the prices associated with these contracts are fixed. Approximately 25 percent of our 2009 and 2010 coal requirements are currently unpriced, and will be priced in September 2008. The new prices determined in September will become effective January 1, 2009 and 2010, respectively. However, we expect that any price changes will be consistent with DMG’s historical price trend over the past several years.
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PJM recently implemented a forward capacity auction, the Reliability Pricing Model. The auction has resulted in a generally upward trend in the value of capacity in not only PJM, but in the neighboring MISO as well. The increase in prices indicates a projected tightening of the supply/demand balance in the near future. More immediately, we benefited from participating in the auction process, resulting in sales of capacity for the following planning years:
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Planning Year | | Net Capacity | | Capacity Price | |
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|
|
| |
| | (in MWs) | | ($ per MW-day) | |
| | | | | | | |
2008-2009 | | 885 | | | 112 | | |
2009-2010 | | 2,240 | | | 102 | | |
2010-2011 | | 2,057 | | | 174 | | |
2011-2012 | | 2,061 | | | 110 | | |
The MISO has delayed implementation of its ASM until September 2008. Upon implementation, MISO will administer the ASM through which load-serving entities will procure regulation and contingency reserves.
GEN-WE. The Sandy Creek Project is currently in the construction phase and we anticipate it will begin commercial operations in 2012. Upon completion it will be a 898 MW facility to be located in McLennan County, Texas. Our interest in the facility, after giving effect to undivided interests in the project, is approximately 286 MW. In July 2006, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality issued a Clean Air Act prevention of significant deterioration permit authorizing construction of the Sandy Creek power plant. Three environmental groups filed petitions for review of the air permit in District Court. Those petitions were dismissed by the District Court and in March 2007, the Petitioners appealed the decision. Oral argument on appeal was held on June 9, 2008. We believe that the Petitioners’ claims lack merit; however, an adverse result could cause delays in, or even abandonment of the Sandy Creek Project.
GEN-NE. In the midst of steadily rising commodity prices for coal and oil, we continue to maintain sufficient coal and fuel oil inventories to effectively manage our operations. The balance of our coal supply requirements for 2008 is contracted at a fixed price. While domestic coal prices have been increasing significantly, we procure much of the coal for our Danskammer facility from South American suppliers at delivered prices that are competitively priced compared to domestic supplies. However, during the second quarter 2008, a foreign counterparty refused to comply with the terms of an agreement to supply coal to our Danskammer facility. While we have successfully resolved this contract dispute, the cost of procuring our coal could increase further if our suppliers do not honor their contractual obligations. In addition, we are exploring various alternative contractual commitments and financial options to ensure stable fuel supplies and to further mitigate cost and supply risks for near and long-term coal supplies.
In New England, the ISO-NE is in the process of restructuring its capacity market and will be transitioning to a forward capacity market in 2010. During the transition from the pre-existing capacity markets in ISO-NE to the forward capacity market, all listed Installed Capacity resources will receive monthly capacity payments, adjusted for each power year. The transitional payments for capacity commenced in December 2006, with a price of 3.05/KW-month, and gradually rise to $4.10/KW-month through June 1, 2010, when the forward capacity market will be fully effective. The auction for the 2010 power year was held in February 2008, and capacity prices cleared at $4.50/KW-month. The auction for the 2011 power year is planned for the Fall of 2008.
Recently, we completed property tax settlements with the local taxing jurisdictions in connection with the assessed value of our Roseton and Danskammer generating facilities. While the amount of actual tax savings resulting from the reduction in the assessed value of these facilities will depend on future budgets of the various taxing jurisdictions, the projected savings in property taxes for the period 2008-2012 is approximately $55 million. As a result of the settlement, we will also receive a refund of $13 million in 2008 for prior years’ property tax payments.
Regulatory Matters
Clean Air Interstate Rule. The EPA issued CAIR on March 10, 2005 to significantly reduce SO2 and NOx emissions across 28 eastern states and the District of Columbia to address ozone and fine particulate nonattainment problems in downwind eastern states. A majority of our generating facilities were subject to the requirements of CAIR; however, on July 11, 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated CAIR.
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We are currently assessing the magnitude of the impact, if any, of this decision.
RGGI. Our assets in New York, Connecticut and Maine are expected to become subject to RGGI as soon as 2009. The participating RGGI states have developed a model rule for regulating greenhouse gas using a cap-and-trade program to reduce carbon emissions by at least 10 percent of current emission levels by the year 2018.
The RGGI rules proposed in Maine and New York would implement CO2 cap-and-trade programs, capping total authorized CO2 emissions from affected power generators beginning in 2009. The proposed rules would require that each affected power generator hold CO2 emission allowances equal to its annual CO2 emissions. Beginning in 2015, the CO2 emission caps and available allowances would be reduced each year until 2018. Compliance with the allowance requirement under a cap-and-trade program could be achieved by reducing emissions, purchasing allowances or securing offset allowances from an approved offset project. Allowances would be distributed to power generators through state auctions. Although not all participating states will offer allowances in the first auction, the intent is to conduct the first RGGI auction of CO2 allowances in September 2008.
Cash Flow Disclosures
Operating Cash Flow
Dynegy. Dynegy’s cash flow provided by operations totaled $32 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, our power generation business provided positive cash flow from operations of $324 million. Cash provided by the operation of our power generation facilities was partly offset by a $186 million increase in collateral postings, including the effect of cash inflows and outflows arising from the daily settlements of our exchange-traded or brokered commodity futures positions held with our futures clearing manager. Corporate and other operations include a use of approximately $292 million in cash primarily due to interest payments to service debt, general and administrative expenses and a $17 million legal settlement payment previously reserved, partially offset by interest income.
Dynegy’s cash flow provided by operations totaled $157 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, our power generation business provided positive cash flow from operations of $413 million primarily due to positive earnings for the period. Corporate and other operations include a use of approximately $256 million in cash primarily due to interest payments to service debt and general and administrative expenses and a $17 million legal settlement payment associated with the Illinova Arbitration offset by the receipt of approximately $32 million from the sale of a legacy receivable.
DHI. DHI’s cash flow provided by operations totaled $29 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, our power generation business provided positive cash flow from operations of $324 million from the operation of our power generation facilities. Cash provided by the operation of our power generation facilities was partly offset by a $186 million increase in collateral postings, including the effect of cash inflows and outflows arising from the daily settlements of our exchange-traded or brokered commodity futures positions held with our futures clearing manager. Corporate and other operations include a use of approximately $295 million in cash primarily due to interest payments to service debt, general and administrative expenses and a $17 million legal settlement payment previously reserved, partially offset by interest income.
DHI’s cash flow provided by operations totaled $171 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, our power generation business provided positive cash flow from operations of $413 million primarily due to positive earnings for the period. Corporate and other operations includes a use of approximately $242 million in cash primarily due to interest payments to service debt and general and administrative expense offset by the receipt of approximately $32 million from the sale of a legacy receivable.
Capital Expenditures and Investing Activities
Dynegy. Dynegy’s cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 totaled $177 million. Capital spending of $299 million was primarily comprised of $249 million, $21 million and $22 million for
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our GEN-MW, GEN-WE and GEN-NE segments, respectively. Capital spending for the GEN-MW segment includes $120 million associated with the construction of the Plum Point facility, which is provided by non-recourse project financing. The remaining capital spending for the GEN-MW segment primarily related to maintenance and environmental projects, while spending in the GEN-NE and GEN-WE segments primarily related to maintenance projects. In addition, there was approximately $7 million of capital expenditures in Other.
Dynegy also made $11 million in contributions to DLS Power Holdings during the six months ended June 30, 2008 offset by the distribution of approximately $7 million and repayment of approximately $3 million of an affiliate receivable from the Dynegy Member. Please see Note 6—Variable Interest Entities—Sandy Creek for further discussion.
Proceeds from asset sales of $84 million, net of transaction costs, related to the sales of Calcasieu power generating facility, the NYMEX shares and seats, and the beneficial interest in Oyster Creek. Additionally, there was a $28 million cash inflow due to changes in restricted cash balances primarily due to a reduction of our cash collateral as a result of SCEA’s sale of an 11 percent undivided interest in the Sandy Creek Project, the release of restricted cash and the use of restricted cash for the ongoing construction of the Plum Point Project, partially offset by interest income. Finally, other included $7 million of insurance proceeds and $4 million of proceeds from the liquidation of an investment.
Dynegy’s cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2007 totaled $873 million. Capital spending of $153 million was primarily comprised of $115 million, $11 million, and $19 million for our GEN-MW, GEN-WE, and GEN-NE segments, respectively. Capital spending for the GEN-MW segment includes $54 million associated with the construction of the Plum Point facility. The remaining capital spending for the GEN-MW and GEN-WE segments primarily related to maintenance and environmental projects, while spending in Dynegy’s GEN-NE segment primarily related to maintenance. Additionally, Dynegy made $5 million in contributions to DLS Power Holdings during the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Cash used in connection with the completion of the Merger Agreement, net of cash acquired, was $126 million. Please see Note 2—Acquisitions and Contributions—LS Power Business Combination for further discussion. The increase in restricted cash of $589 million related primarily to a $650 million deposit associated with our cash collateralized facility, partially offset by the release of Independence restricted cash due to the posting of a letter of credit.
DHI. DHI’s cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 totaled $169 million. Capital spending of $299 million was primarily comprised of $249 million, $21 million and $22 million for our GEN-MW, GEN-WE and GEN-NE segments, respectively. Capital spending for the GEN-MW segment includes $120 million associated with the construction of the Plum Point facility, which is provided by non-recourse project financing. The remaining capital spending for the GEN-MW segment primarily related to maintenance and environmental projects, while spending in the GEN-NE and GEN-WE segments primarily related to maintenance projects. In addition, there was approximately $7 million of capital expenditures in Other.
We also received a distribution of approximately $7 million and repayment of approximately $3 million of an affiliate receivable from the Dynegy Member. Please see Note 6—Variable Interest Entities—Sandy Creek for further discussion.
Proceeds from asset sales of $84 million, net of transaction costs, related to the sales of Calcasieu power generating facility, the NYMEX shares and seats, and the beneficial interest in Oyster Creek. Additionally, there was a $28 million cash inflow due to changes in restricted cash balances primarily due to a reduction of our cash collateral as a result of SCEA’s sale of an 11 percent undivided interest in the Sandy Creek Project, the release of restricted cash and the use of restricted cash for the ongoing construction of the Plum Point Project, partially offset by interest income. Finally, other included $7 million of insurance proceeds.
DHI’s cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2007 totaled $737 million. Capital spending of $153 million was primarily comprised of $115 million, $11 million, and $19 million for our GEN-MW, GEN-WE, and GEN-NE segments, respectively. Capital spending for the GEN-MW segment includes
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$54 million associated with the construction of the Plum Point facility. The remaining capital spending for the GEN-MW and GEN-WE segments primarily related to maintenance and environmental projects, while spending in Dynegy’s GEN-NE segment primarily related to maintenance.
The decrease in restricted cash of $589 million related primarily to a $650 million deposit associated with our cash collateralized facility, partially offset by the release of Independence restricted cash due to the posting of a letter of credit.
Financing Activities
Dynegy. Dynegy’s cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 totaled $88 million, which primarily related to $111 million proceeds from long-term borrowings under the Plum Point Credit Agreement Facility, partly offset by a $21 million principal payment on our 9.00 percent secured bonds due 2013.
Dynegy’s cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2007 totaled $668 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, Dynegy received proceeds from long-term borrowings from the following sources, net of approximately $31 million of debt issuance costs:
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| • | $1,650 million in aggregate principal amount from our Senior Unsecured Notes due 2015 and 2019; |
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| • | $665 million in aggregate principal amount on our letter of credit facilities; |
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| • | $275 million in aggregate principal amount on our revolver due 2012; |
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| • | $70 million senior secured term loan facility due 2013; and |
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| • | $34 million in aggregate principal amount on our Plum Point Credit Agreement Facility. |
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| These borrowings were partially offset by $1,994 million of payments: |
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| • | $396 million in aggregate principal amount on our Kendall Senior Secured Term Loan Facility; |
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| • | $150 million in aggregate principal amount on our Ontelaunee term loan due 2009; |
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| • | $919 million in aggregate principal amount on our Gen Finance Term Loan; |
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| • | $150 million in aggregate principal amount on our Gen Finance Term Loan; |
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| • | $275 million promissory note to LS; |
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| • | $70 million Griffith debt; |
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| • | $19 million in aggregate principal amount on our 8.50 percent secured bonds due 2007; and |
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| • | $15 million in aggregate principal amount on our letter of credit facilities. |
DHI. DHI’s cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 totaled $86 million, which primarily related to $111 million proceeds from long-term borrowings under the Plum Point Credit Agreement Facility, partly offset by a $21 million principal payment on our 9.00 percent secured bonds due 2013.
DHI’s cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2007 totaled $603 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, DHI received proceeds from long-term borrowings from the following sources, net of approximately $31 million of debt issuance costs:
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| • | $1,650 million in aggregate principal amount from our Senior Unsecured Notes due 2015 and 2019; |
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| • | $665 million in aggregate principal amount on our letter of credit facilities; |
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| • | $275 million in aggregate principal amount on our revolver due 2012; |
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| • | $70 million in aggregate principal amount on our senior secured term loan facility due 2013; and |
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| • | $34 million in aggregate principal amount on our Plum Point Credit Agreement Facility. |
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These borrowings were partially offset by $1,719 million of payments:
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| • | $396 million in aggregate principal amount on our Kendall Senior Secured Term Loan Facility; |
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| • | $150 million in aggregate principal amount on our Ontelaunee term loan due 2009; |
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| • | $919 million in aggregate principal amount on our Gen Finance Term Loan; |
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| • | $150 million in aggregate principal amount on our Gen Finance Term Loan; |
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| • | $70 million Griffith debt; |
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| • | $19 million in aggregate principal amount on our 8.50 percent secured bonds due 2007; and |
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| • | $15 million in aggregate principal amount on our letter of credit facilities. |
Cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2007 also included dividend payments to Dynegy totaling $342 million.
RISK-MANAGEMENT DISCLOSURES
The following table provides a reconciliation of the risk-management data on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets:
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| | As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | |
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| | (in millions) | |
Balance Sheet Risk-Management Accounts | | | | | | |
Fair value of portfolio at January 1, 2008 | | | $ | (100 | ) | |
Risk-management losses recognized through the income statement in the period, net | | | | (764 | ) | |
Cash paid related to risk-management contracts settled in the period, net | | | | 14 | | |
Changes in fair value as a result of a change in valuation technique (1) | | | | — | | |
Non-cash adjustments and other (2) | | | | (7 | ) | |
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Fair value of portfolio at June 30, 2008 | | | $ | (857 | ) | |
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(1) | Our modeling methodology has been consistently applied. |
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(2) | This amount consists of changes in value associated with fair value and cash flow hedges on debt. |
The net risk management liability of $857 million is the aggregate of the following line items on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets: Current Assets—Assets from risk-management activities, Other Assets—Assets from risk-management activities, Current Liabilities—Liabilities from risk-management activities and Other Liabilities—Liabilities from risk-management activities. During the period from December 31, 2007 to June 30, 2008, our Current Assets—Assets from risk-management activities and Current Liabilities—Liabilities from risk-management activities increased by $3.0 billion and $3.6 billion, respectively. This increase was primarily a result of increased volumes of purchases and sales of commodities via financial instruments. These amounts are reflected gross on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, as we do not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparties under a master netting agreement. However, a substantial portion of the financial instruments are with the same counterparty, resulting in a significantly smaller increase in our net risk-management liability, as denoted above. Please see Item 3.—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Credit Risk for further discussion regarding our counterparty credit exposure associated with risk-management accounts.
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Risk-Management Asset and Liability Disclosures. The following tables depict the mark-to-market value and cash flow components of our net risk-management assets and liabilities at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. We may receive or pay cash in periods other than those depicted below as opportunities arise to monetize positions that we believe will result in an economic benefit to us:
Mark-to-Market Value of Net Risk-Management Liability (1)
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| | Total | | 2008 (2) | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | Thereafter | |
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| | (in millions) | |
June 30, 2008 | | $ | (816 | ) | | $ | (409 | ) | | $ | (374 | ) | $ | (40 | ) | $ | 2 | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 4 | | |
December 31, 2007 | | | (66 | ) | | | (30 | ) | | | (29 | ) | | (12 | ) | | 1 | | | 1 | | | | 3 | | |
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Decrease (increase) (3) | | $ | (750 | ) | | $ | (379 | ) | | $ | (345 | ) | $ | (28 | ) | $ | 1 | | $ | — | | | $ | 1 | | |
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(1) | The table reflects the fair value of our risk-management liability position, which considers time value, credit, price and other reserves necessary to determine fair value. These amounts exclude the fair value associated with certain derivative instruments designated as hedges. The net risk-management liability at June 30, 2008 of $857 million on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets includes the $816 million herein as well as hedging instruments. Cash flows have been segregated between periods based on the delivery date required in the individual contracts. |
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(2) | Amounts represent July 1 to December 31, 2008 values in the June 30, 2008 row and January 1 to December 31, 2008 values in the December 31, 2007 row. |
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(3) | The increase in the net risk management liability is due to an increase in the volume of outstanding positions during the six months ended June 30, 2008 as well as a significant increase in the prices associated with these positions. |
Cash Flow Components of Net Risk-Management Liability
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| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | | Six Months Ended December 31, 2008 | | Total 2008 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | Thereafter | |
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| | (in millions) | |
June 30, 2008 (1) | | | $ | 3 | | | | $ | (405 | ) | | $ | (402 | ) | $ | (371 | ) | $ | (38 | ) | $ | 2 | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 6 | | |
December 31, 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | | (28 | ) | | (27 | ) | | (12 | ) | | 2 | | | 1 | | | | 5 | | |
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Decrease (increase) | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (374 | ) | $ | (344 | ) | $ | (26 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | 1 | | |
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(1) | The cash flow values for 2008 reflect realized cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and anticipated undiscounted cash inflows and outflows by contract based on the tenor of individual contract position for the remaining periods. These anticipated undiscounted cash flows have not been adjusted for credit or valuation reserves. These amounts exclude the cash flows associated with certain derivative instruments designated as hedges. |
The following table provides an assessment of net contract values by year as of June 30, 2008, based on our valuation methodology:
Net Fair Value of Risk-Management Portfolio
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| | Total | | 2008 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | Thereafter | |
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| | (in millions) | |
Market Quotations (1)(2) | | $ | (740 | ) | $ | (354 | ) | $ | (370 | ) | $ | (23 | ) | $ | 2 | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 4 | | |
Prices Based on Models(2) | | | (117 | ) | | (62 | ) | | (38 | ) | | (17 | ) | | — | | | — | | | | — | | |
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Total | | $ | (857 | ) | $ | (416 | ) | $ | (408 | ) | $ | (40 | ) | $ | 2 | | $ | 1 | | | $ | 4 | | |
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(1) | Prices obtained from actively traded, liquid markets for commodities other than natural gas positions. All natural gas positions for all periods are contained in this line based on available market quotations. |
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(2) | The market quotations and prices based on models categorization differs from the SFAS No. 157 categories of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 due to the application of the different methodologies. Please see Note 4— |
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| Risk Management Activities, Derivatives and Financial Instruments—Fair Value Measurements for further discussion. |
UNCERTAINTY OF FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION
This Form 10-Q includes statements reflecting assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions or beliefs about future events that are intended as “forward-looking statements” by both Dynegy and DHI. All statements included or incorporated by reference in this quarterly report, other than statements of historical fact, that address activities, events or developments that we or our management expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. These statements represent our reasonable judgment on the future based on various factors and using numerous assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ materially from those contemplated by the statements. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “plan,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect” and other words of similar meaning. In particular, these include, but are not limited to, statements relating to the following:
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| • | beliefs about commodity pricing and generation volumes; |
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| • | sufficiency of and access to coal, fuel oil and natural gas inventories and transportation; |
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| • | beliefs and assumptions about market competition, fuel supply, generation capacity and regional supply and demand characteristics of the wholesale power generation market; |
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| • | strategies to capture opportunities presented by rising commodity prices and strategies to manage our exposure to energy price volatility; |
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| • | beliefs and assumptions about weather, economic conditions and the demand for electricity; |
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| • | expectations regarding environmental matters, including costs of compliance, availability and adequacy of emission credits, and the impact of ongoing proceedings and potential regulations, including those relating to climate change; |
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| • | projected operating or financial results, including anticipated cash flows from operations, revenues and profitability; |
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| • | strategies to address our leverage or to access the capital markets; |
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| • | beliefs and assumptions relating to liquidity; |
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| • | beliefs and expectations regarding financing, development and timing of any and all joint venture projects; |
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| • | expectations regarding capital expenditures, interest expense and other payments; |
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| • | our focus on safety and our ability to efficiently operate our assets so as to maximize our revenue generating opportunities and operating margins; |
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| • | beliefs about the outcome of legal, regulatory, administrative and legislative matters; |
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| • | expectations and estimates regarding the Midwest consent decree and the associated costs; and |
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| • | efforts to position our power generation business for future growth and pursuing and executing acquisition, disposition or combination opportunities. |
Any or all of our forward-looking statements may turn out to be wrong. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions or by known or unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, including those set forth under Part II–Other Information, Item 1A-Risk Factors.
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RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
See Note 1—Accounting Policies to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements affecting us.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Please read “Critical Accounting Policies” of Dynegy’s and DHI’s Form 10-K for a complete description of our critical accounting policies, with respect to which there have been no other material changes since the filing of such Forms 10-K.
Item 3—QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK—DYNEGY INC. AND DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
Please read Item 7A.—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in Dynegy’s and DHI’s Form 10-K for a discussion of our exposure to commodity price variability and other market risks related to our net non-trading derivative assets and liabilities, including foreign currency exchange rate risk. Following is a discussion of the more material of these risks and our relative exposures as of June 30, 2008.
Value at Risk (“VaR”). The following table sets forth the aggregate daily VaR of the mark-to-market portion of our risk-management portfolio primarily associated with the GEN segments and the remaining legacy customer risk management business. The VaR calculation does not include market risks associated with the accrual portion of the risk-management portfolio that is designated as a cash flow hedge or a “normal purchase normal sale”, nor does it include expected future production from our generating assets. Another limitation to our calculation of VaR is our use of the JP Morgan RiskMetrics TM approach, which calculates option values using a linear approximation. In addition, the actual change in the fair value of several financially-settled heat rate call-option agreements acquired as a result of the Merger may differ significantly from the calculated VaR. The increase in the June 30, 2008 VaR was primarily due to increased forward sales and higher volatility compared to December 31, 2007.
Daily and Average VaR for Risk-Management Portfolios
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| | June 30, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
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| | (in millions) | |
One Day VaR—95 percent Confidence Level | | | $ | 50 | | | | $ | 24 | | |
One Day VaR—99 percent Confidence Level | | | $ | 70 | | | | $ | 35 | | |
Average VaR for the Year-to-Date Period—95 percent Confidence Level | | | $ | 43 | | | | $ | 20 | | |
Credit Risk. The following table represents our credit exposure at June 30, 2008 associated with the mark-to-market portion of our risk-management portfolio, on a net basis.
Credit Exposure Summary
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| | Investment Grade Quality | |
| | (in millions) | |
Type of Business: | | | | | | |
Financial Institutions | | | $ | 97 | | |
Utility and Power Generators | | | | 36 | | |
Other | | | | 3 | | |
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Total | | | $ | 136 | | |
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Interest Rate Risk. We are exposed to fluctuating interest rates related to variable rate financial obligations. As of June 30, 2008, our fixed rate debt instruments, as a percentage of total debt instruments, were approximately 76 percent. Adjusted for interest rate swaps, net notional fixed rate debt as a percentage of total debt was approximately 82 percent. Based on sensitivity analysis of the variable rate financial obligations in our debt
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portfolio as of June 30, 2008, it is estimated that a one percentage point interest rate movement in the average market interest rates (either higher or lower) over the 12 months ended June 30, 2009 would either decrease or increase interest expense by approximately $11 million. This exposure would be partially offset by an approximate $9 million increase in interest income related to the restricted cash balance of $850 million posted as collateral to support the term letter of credit facility. Over time, we may seek to reduce or increase the percentage of fixed rate financial obligations in our debt portfolio through the use of swaps or other financial instruments.
Derivative Contracts. The notional financial contract amounts associated with our interest rate contracts were as follows at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively:
Absolute Notional Contract Amounts
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| | June 30, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 | |
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Cash flow hedge interest rate swaps (in millions of U.S. dollars) | | | $ | 406 | | | | $ | 310 | | |
Fixed interest rate paid on swaps (percent) | | | | 5.32 | | | | | 5.32 | | |
Fair value hedge interest rate swaps (in millions of U.S. dollars) | | | $ | 25 | | | | $ | 25 | | |
Fixed interest rate received on swaps (percent) | | | | 5.70 | | | | | 5.70 | | |
Interest rate risk-management contract (in millions of U.S. dollars) | | | $ | 231 | | | | $ | 231 | | |
Fixed interest rate paid (percent) | | | | 5.35 | | | | | 5.35 | | |
Interest rate risk-management contract (in millions of U.S. dollars) | | | $ | 206 | | | | $ | 206 | | |
Fixed interest rate received (percent) | | | | 5.28 | | | | | 5.28 | | |
Item 4—CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES—DYNEGY INC. AND DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of Dynegy’s and DHI’s management, including their Chief Executive Officer and their Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the consolidated enterprise’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). This evaluation included consideration of the various processes carried out under the direction of Dynegy’s disclosure committee in an effort to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the consolidated enterprise’s SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC. This evaluation also considered the work completed as of the end of the second quarter 2008 relating to Dynegy’s and DHI’s compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Based on this evaluation, Dynegy’s and DHI’s CEO and CFO concluded that, as of June 30, 2008, as a result of the material weakness identified and discussed below, Dynegy’s and DHI’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the requisite time periods.
Notwithstanding the material weakness that existed at June 30, 2008, management believes, based on its knowledge, that the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present, in all material respects in accordance with GAAP, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in this report.
Material Weakness Related to Revenues and Cost of Sales
As of March 31, 2008, we did not maintain effective controls over the accuracy of our revenues and cost of sales amounts. Our processes, procedures and controls related to the calculation and analysis of the presentation of revenues and cost of sales related to energy trading activities on a net basis were not effective to ensure that the revenues and cost of sales amounts were accurately reflected in the financial statements. This control deficiency resulted in the restatement of our March 31, 2008 financial statements by a material amount.
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In order to remediate this material weakness, we implemented the following steps: (i) further formalized and documented the change management procedures surrounding the quarterly revenue netting calculation; (ii) expanded the management review of the calculation; and (iii) formalized and documented additional analysis to be performed on our revenues and cost of sales amounts.
We believe we have taken the steps necessary to remediate this material weakness. However, the controls have not been in place for an adequate period of time to test and conclude that they are operating effectively. Therefore, as of June 30, 2008, we concluded that this control deficiency continues to constitute a material weakness. Additionally, we will continue to vigorously monitor the effectiveness of these processes, procedures and controls and will make any further changes management deems are necessary.
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Other than as noted above in this Item 4, there were no changes in the consolidated enterprise’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the consolidated enterprise’s internal control over financial reporting during the second quarter 2008.
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DYNEGY INC. and DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1—LEGAL PROCEEDINGS—DYNEGY INC. AND DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
See Note 10—Commitments and Contingencies—Legal Proceedings to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for discussion of the legal proceedings that we believe could be material to us.
Item 1A—RISK FACTORS—DYNEGY INC. AND DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
Because most of our power generation facilities operate mostly without term power sales agreements and because wholesale power prices are subject to significant volatility, our revenues and profitability are subject to significant fluctuations.
Most of our facilities operate as “merchant” facilities without term power sales agreements. Without term power sales agreements, we cannot be sure that we will be able to sell any or all of the electric energy, capacity or ancillary services from our facilities at commercially attractive rates or that our facilities will be able to operate profitably. This could lead to decreased financial results as well as future impairments of our property, plant and equipment or to the retirement of certain of our facilities resulting in economic losses and liabilities.
Because we largely sell electric energy, capacity and ancillary services into the wholesale energy spot market or into other power markets on a term basis, we are not guaranteed any rate of return on our capital investments. Rather, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows are likely to depend, in large part, upon prevailing market prices for power and the fuel to generate such power. Wholesale power markets are subject to significant price fluctuations over relatively short periods of time and can be unpredictable. Indeed, the trend toward construction of renewable generation is impacting transmission flows and putting downward pressure on off-peak power prices in certain regions. Continuation of this trend could further depress off-peak power prices and negatively impact our commercial activities and financial results.
Given the volatility of power commodity prices, to the extent we do not secure term power sales agreements for the output of our power generation facilities, our revenues and profitability will be subject to increased volatility, and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
We are exposed to the risk of fuel and fuel transportation cost increases and interruptions in fuel supplies because some of our facilities do not have long-term coal, natural gas or fuel oil supply agreements.
Many of our power generation facilities, specifically those that are natural gas-fired, purchase their fuel requirements under short-term contracts or on the spot market. As a result, we face the risks of supply interruptions and fuel price volatility, as fuel deliveries may not exactly match that required for energy sales, due in part to our need to pre-purchase fuel inventories for reliability and dispatch requirements.
Moreover, operation of many of our coal-fired generation facilities is highly dependent on our ability to procure coal. Power generators in the Midwest and the Northeast have experienced significant pressures on available coal supplies that are either transportation or supply related. In particular, transportation of South American coal, which we use for our Northeastern coal assets, is subject to local political and other factors that could have a negative impact on our coal deliveries. Additionally, during the second quarter 2008, upward pressure on international coal prices resulted in a foreign counterparty’s refusal to comply with the terms of an agreement to supply coal for our Danskammer facility. Permit limitations associated with the loading and unloading of coal at that facility limit our options for coal fuel supply and, when coupled with continued strong coal prices and uncertainties associated with international contracting, create continuing risk for us in terms of our ability to procure coal for periods and at prices we believe are firm and favorable. If we are unable to procure fuel for physical delivery at prices we consider favorable, or if we experience transportation delays or disruptions, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
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We have recently reported a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, which caused a restatement of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Additionally, we may identify material weaknesses in the future that could adversely affect investor confidence and impair the value of our common stock.
In connection with our management’s assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2008, our management concluded that, as of March 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, we did not maintain effective internal control over our financial reporting due to a material weakness in our processes, procedures and controls related to the calculation and analysis of the presentation of revenues and cost of sales related to energy trading activities on a net basis. This control deficiency has resulted in the restatement to our condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2008. As further described in Item 4 “Controls and Procedures”, we believe we have taken the steps necessary to remediate this material weakness. However, the controls have not been in place for an adequate period of time to test and conclude that they are operating effectively. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that these processes, procedures and controls will result in remediation or that we will be able to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future. Moreover, we have experienced from time to time deficiencies in our internal control over our financial reporting that have not risen to the level of a material weakness. Although we have been able to remediate these deficiencies in the past, we cannot assure you that a material weakness will not exist in the future, as additional deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting may be discovered which may rise to the level of a material weakness.
Any failure to remedy additional deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that may be discovered in the future or to implement new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in the implementation of such controls, could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements in our financial statements. Any such failure could, in turn, affect the future ability of our management to certify that our internal control over our financial reporting is effective and, moreover, affect the results of our independent registered public accounting firm’s attestation report regarding our management’s assessment. Inferior internal control over financial reporting could also subject us to the scrutiny of the SEC, the New York Stock Exchange (on which our Class A common stock is listed and traded) and other regulatory bodies and could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have an adverse effect on the trading price of our common stock.
See Item 1A—Risk Factors, of Dynegy’s and DHI’s Form 10-K for additional factors, risks and uncertainties that may affect future results.
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Item 2—UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS—DYNEGY INC.
Upon vesting of restricted stock awarded by Dynegy to employees, shares are withheld to cover the employees’ withholding taxes. Information on Dynegy’s purchases of equity securities during the quarter follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Period | | (a) Total Number of Shares Purchased | | (b) Average Price Paid per Share | | (c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | (d) Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
|
April | | 111,287 | | | $8.13 | | | — | | N/A | |
May | | — | | | — | | | — | | N/A | |
June | | — | | | — | | | — | | N/A | |
| |
| | |
| | |
| |
| |
Total | | 111,287 | | | $8.13 | | | — | | N/A | |
| |
| | |
| | |
| |
| |
These were the only repurchases of equity securities made by us during the three months ended June 30, 2008. Dynegy does not have a stock repurchase program.
Item 4—SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS—DYNEGY INC.
Our 2008 annual meeting of stockholders was held on May 14, 2008. The purpose of the annual meeting was to consider and vote upon the following proposals:
| | |
| 1. | To elect eight Class A common stock directors and three Class B common stock directors to serve until the 2009 annual meeting of stockholders; and |
| | |
| 2. | To act upon a proposal to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent auditors for 2008. |
Our current Board of Directors is comprised of eleven members. At the annual meeting, each of the following individuals was elected to serve as one of our directors: James T. Bartlett, David W. Biegler, Thomas D. Clark, Jr., Victor J. Grijalva, Patricia A. Hammick, Frank E. Hardenbergh, George L. Mazanec, Howard B. Sheppard, Mikhail Segal, William L. Trubeck and Bruce A. Williamson. The votes cast for each nominee and the votes withheld were as follows:
| | | | | | |
Class A Directors | |
| | | | | | |
| | | FOR | | WITHHELD | |
| | |
| |
| |
1. | David W. Biegler | | 393,397,717 | | 42,063,352 | |
2. | Thomas D. Clark, Jr. | | 394,970,890 | | 40,490,179 | |
3. | Victor J. Grijalva | | 403,908,061 | | 31,553,008 | |
4. | Patricia A. Hammick | | 403,827,460 | | 31,633,608 | |
5. | George L. Mazanec | | 395,057,675 | | 40,403,394 | |
6. | Howard B. Sheppard | | 419,452,830 | | 16,008,239 | |
7. | William L. Trubeck | | 395,127,193 | | 40,333,876 | |
8. | Bruce A. Williamson | | 401,334,008 | | 34,127,060 | |
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| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Class B Directors | |
| | |
| | | FOR | | WITHHELD | |
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| |
| |
1. | James T. Bartlett | | 340,000,000 | | — | |
2. | Frank E. Hardenbergh | | 340,000,000 | | — | |
3. | Mikhail Segal | | 340,000,000 | | — | |
| | | | | | |
The following votes were cast with respect to the proposal to ratify the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent auditors for 2008, which passed. There were no broker non-votes.
| | | | | |
FOR | | AGAINST | | ABSTAIN | |
| |
| |
| |
770,509,426 | | 1,208,071 | | 3,743,571 | |
Item 6—EXHIBITS—DYNEGY INC. AND DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
The following documents are included as exhibits to this Form 10-Q:
| | |
Exhibit Number | | Description |
| |
|
10.1 | | Facility and Security Agreement, dated June 17, 2008, by and among Dynegy Holdings Inc., Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc., as lender and as issuing bank and as collateral agent (as incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Dynegy Inc. filed on June 18, 2008, File No. 1-33443). |
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**10.2 | | Dynegy Inc. Restoration 401(k) Savings Plan. |
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**10.3 | | First Amendment to Dynegy Inc. Restoration 401(k) Savings Plan. |
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**10.4 | | Dynegy Inc. Restoration Pension Plan. |
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**10.5 | | First Amendment to Dynegy Inc. Restoration Pension Plan. |
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**31.1 | | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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**31.1(a) | | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
**31.2 | | Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
**31.2(a) | | Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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†32.1 | | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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†32.1(a) | | Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
†32.2 | | Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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DYNEGY INC. and DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
| | DYNEGY INC. |
| | |
Date: August 7, 2008 | By: | /s/ HOLLI C. NICHOLS |
| |
|
| | Holli C. Nichols |
| | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
| | |
| | DYNEGY HOLDINGS INC. |
| | |
Date: August 7, 2008 | By: | /s/ HOLLI C. NICHOLS |
| |
|
| | Holli C. Nichols |
| | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
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