LONG-TERM DEBT, NET | 1 1 LONG-TERM DEBT, NET Long-term debt, net consisted of the following: December 31, 2023 2022 Senior Notes 2017 4.875% Senior Notes, due 2025 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs and original issue premiums of $5,746 and $9,552, respectively) $ 994,254 $ 990,448 2019 5.250% Senior Notes, due 2026 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $2,141 and $2,981, respectively) 497,859 497,019 2019 5.625% Senior Notes, due 2027 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $3,358 and $4,178, respectively) 596,642 595,822 2019 5.375% Senior Notes, due 2029 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs and original issue premiums of $1,634 and $1,845, respectively) 1,148,366 1,148,155 2020 5.750% Senior Notes, due 2028 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs and original issue premiums of $2,317 and $2,743, respectively) 847,683 847,257 2020 6.000% SC Notes, due 2025 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $1,320 and $2,692, respectively) 395,680 497,308 2020 6.500% SC Notes, due 2028 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $2,970 and $3,598, respectively) 497,030 496,402 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes, due 2029 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs and original issue premiums of $3,626 and $4,228, respectively) 1,096,374 1,095,772 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes, due 2027 (net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $4,039 and $5,134, respectively) 345,961 344,866 Credit Facilities 2015 Credit Facilities 128 128 2020 Credit Facilities (1) 1,052,515 1,899,203 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities (2) 128 128 7,472,620 8,412,508 Current portion of long-term debt — (322,500 ) Long-term debt, net $ 7,472,620 $ 8,090,008 (1) As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the unamortized deferred financing costs related to the revolving credit facility of the 2020 Credit Facilities of $15,905 and $26,885 are included in long-term prepayments, deposits and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet s (2) As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the unamortized deferred financing costs related to the 2016 SC Revolving Credit Facility of the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities of $278 and $333 are included in long-term prepayments, deposits and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, respectively. (a) Senior Notes 2017 4.875% Senior Notes On June 6, 2017, Melco Resorts Finance Limited (“Melco Resorts Finance”), a subsidiary of Melco, issued $650,000 in aggregate principal amount of 4.875% senior notes due June 6, 2025 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “First 2017 4.875% Senior Notes”); and on July 3, 2017, Melco Resorts Finance further issued $ in aggregate principal amount of 4.875% senior notes due at an issue price of % of the principal amount (the “Second 2017 4.875% Senior Notes” and together with the First 2017 % Senior Notes, collectively referred to as the “2017 4.875% Senior Notes”). The interest on the 2017 4.875% Senior Notes is accrued at a rate of 4.875% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 6 and December 6 of each year. The 2017 4.875% Senior Notes are general obligations of Melco Resorts Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Melco Resorts Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and to the indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance’s subsidiaries. The net proceeds from the offering of the First 2017 4.875% Senior Notes were used to partly fund the redemption of the previous senior notes of Melco Resorts Finance and the net proceeds from the offering of the Second 2017 4.875% Senior Notes were used to fully repay the 2015 Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below). On or after June 6, 2020, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2017 4.875% Senior Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. In addition, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem in whole, but not in part the 2017 4.875% Senior Notes at fixed redemption prices. In certain events that relate to a change of control or a termination of the gaming concession of Melco Resorts Macau and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, each holder of the 2017 4.875% Senior Notes will have the right to require Melco Resorts Finance to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2017 4.875% Senior Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2017 4.875% Senior Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Melco Resorts Finance to, among other things, effect a consolidation or merger or sell assets. The indenture governing the 2017 4.875% Senior Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. 2019 5.250% Senior Notes On April 26, 2019, Melco Resorts Finance issued $500,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.250% senior notes due April 26, 2026 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “2019 5.250% Senior Notes”). The interest on the 2019 5.250% Senior Notes is accrued at a rate of 5.250% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 26 and October 26 of each year. The 2019 5.250% Senior Notes are general obligations of Melco Resorts Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Melco Resorts Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and to the indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance’s subsidiaries. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2019 5.250% Senior Notes were used to partially repay the 2015 Revolving Credit Facility. On or after April 26, 2022, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2019 5.250% Senior Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. In addition, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture , M elco % Senior Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2019 5.250% Senior Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Melco Resorts Finance to, among other things, effect a consolidation or merger or sell assets. The indenture governing the 2019 5.250% Senior Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. 2019 5.625% Senior Notes On July 17, 2019, Melco Resorts Finance issued $600,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.625% senior notes due July 17, 2027 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “2019 5.625% Senior Notes”). The interest on the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes is accrued at a rate of 5.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 17 and July 17 of each year. The 2019 5.625% Senior Notes are general obligations of Melco Resorts Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Melco Resorts Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and to the indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance’s subsidiaries. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes were used to partially repay the 2015 Revolving Credit Facility. On or after July 17, 2022, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. In addition, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem in whole, but not in part the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes at fixed redemption prices. In certain events that relate to a change of control or a termination of the gaming concession of Melco Resorts Macau and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, each holder of the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes will have the right to require Melco Resorts Finance to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2019 5.625% Senior Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Melco Resorts Finance to, among other things, effect a consolidation or merger or sell assets. The indenture governing the 2019 5.625% Senior Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. 2019 5.375% Senior Notes On December 4, 2019, Melco Resorts Finance issued $900,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior notes due December 4, 2029 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “First 2019 5.375% Senior Notes”); and on January 21, 2021, Melco Resorts Finance further issued $250,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior notes due December 4, 2029 at an issue price of 103.25% of the principal amount (the “Additional 2019 5.375% Senior Notes” and together with the First 2019 5.375% Senior Notes, the “2019 5.375% Senior Notes”). The Additional 2019 5.375% Senior Notes are consolidated and form a single series with the First 2019 5.375% Senior Notes. The interest on the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes is accrued at a rate of 5.375% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 4 and December 4 of each year. The 2019 5.375% Senior Notes are general obligations of Melco Resorts Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Melco Resorts Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and to the indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance’s subsidiaries. The net proceeds from the offering of the First 2019 5.375% Senior Notes were used to repay the outstanding borrowing of the 2015 Revolving Credit Facility in full and to partially prepay the 2015 Term Loan Facility (as defined below). The net proceeds from the offering of the Additional 2019 5.375% Senior Notes were used to fully repay the 2020 Credit Facilities (as defined below) in January 2021. Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes at any time prior to December 4, 2024 at a “make-whole” redemption price. On or after December 4, 2024, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. In addition, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem up to 35% of the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds from one or more equity offerings at a fixed redemption price at any time prior to December 4, 2024. Further, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, Melco Resorts Finance also has the option to redeem in whole, but not in part the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes at fixed redemption prices. In certain events that relate to a change of control or a termination of the gaming concession of Melco Resorts Macau and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, each holder of the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes will have the right to require Melco Resorts Finance to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2019 5.375% Senior Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Melco Resorts Finance to, among other things, effect a consolidation or merger or sell assets. The indenture governing the 2019 5.375% Senior Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. 2020 5.750% Senior Notes On July 21, 2020, Melco Resorts Finance issued $500,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.750% senior notes due July 21, 2028 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “First 2020 5.750% Senior Notes”); and on August 11, 2020, Melco Resorts Finance further issued $350,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.750% senior notes due July 21, 2028 at an issue price of 101% of the principal amount (the “Second 2020 5.750% Senior Notes” and together with the First 2020 5.750% Senior Notes, the “2020 5.750% Senior Notes”). The Second 2020 5.750% Senior Notes are consolidated and form a single series with the First 2020 5.750% Senior Notes. The interest on the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes is accrued at a rate of 5.750% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 21 and July 21 of each year and commenced on January 21, 2021. The 2020 5.750% Senior Notes are general obligations of Melco Resorts Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Melco Resorts Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and to the indebtedness of Melco Resorts Finance’s subsidiaries. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes were partially used to repay the 2020 Credit Facilities and with the remaining amount used for general corporate purposes. On or after July 21, 2023, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. In addition, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, Melco Resorts Finance has the option to redeem in whole, but not in part the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes at fixed redemption prices. In certain events that relate to a change of control or a termination of the gaming concession of Melco Resorts Macau and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture, each holder of the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes will have the right to require Melco Resorts Finance to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2020 5.750% Senior Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Melco Resorts Finance to, among other things, effect a consolidation or merger or sell assets. The indenture governing the 2020 5.750% Senior Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. 2020 Studio City Notes On July 15, 2020, Studio City Finance Limited (“Studio City Finance”), a subsidiary of Melco, issued $500,000 in aggregate principal amount of 6.000% senior notes due July 15, 2025 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “2020 6.000% SC Notes”) and $500,000 in aggregate principal amount of 6.500% senior notes due January 15, 2028 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “2020 6.500% SC Notes” and together with 2020 6.000% SC Notes, the “2020 Studio City Notes”). The interest on the 2020 6.000% SC Notes and 2020 6.500% SC Notes is accrued at a rate of 6.000% and 6.500% per annum, respectively, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year and commenced on January 15, 2021. The 2020 Studio City Notes are general obligations of Studio City Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Studio City Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Studio City Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Studio City Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the property and assets securing such indebtedness. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2020 Studio City Notes were partially used to redeem in full the previous senior secured notes of Studio City Company Limited (“Studio City Company”), a subsidiary of Melco and with the remaining amount used for the capital expenditures of the remaining development project at Studio City. All of the existing subsidiaries of Studio City Finance and any other future restricted subsidiaries that provide guarantees of certain specified indebtedness (including the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities as defined below) (the “2020 Studio City Notes Guarantors”) jointly, severally and unconditionally guarantee the 2020 Studio City Notes on a senior basis (the “2020 Studio City Notes Guarantees”). The 2020 Studio City Notes Guarantees are general obligations of the 2020 Studio City Notes Guarantors, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of the 2020 Studio City Notes Guarantors and rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the 2020 Studio City Notes Guarantors. The 2020 Studio City Notes Guarantees are effectively subordinated to the 2020 Studio City Notes Guarantors’ obligations under all existing and any future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of such property and assets securing such indebtedness. On or after July 15, 2022, Studio City Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2020 6.000% SC Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. On or after July 15, 2023, Studio City Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2020 6.500% SC Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. In addition On November 9, 2023, Studio City Finance initiated a cash tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) which expired on December 8, 2023, subject to the terms and conditions, to purchase for up to an aggregate principal amount of $ 75,000 Notes. On November 24, 2023, Studio City Finance amended and increased the aggregate principal amount of the Tender Offer of the 2020 6.000% SC Notes from $75,000 to $100,000 (the maximum tender amount), with all other terms and conditions of the Tender Offer remained unchanged as a result of an aggregate principal amount of of the 2020 6.000% SC Notes was tendered on the early tender date on November 22, 2023. Studio City Finance accepted for purchase an aggregate principal amount of $ of the 2020 6.000% SC Notes that were validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) pursuant to the Tender Offer, as amended, and settled the purchase on November 28, 2023. In connection with such purchase, the Company recorded a gain on extinguishment of debt of $ during the year ended December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the 2020 6.000% SC Notes was $ . The indenture governing the 2020 Studio City Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Studio City Finance and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) make specified restricted payments; (iii) issue or sell capital stock; (iv) sell assets; (v) create liens; (vi) enter into agreements that restrict the restricted subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans; (vii) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (viii) effect a consolidation or merger. The indenture governing the 2020 Studio City Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. There are provisions under the indenture governing the 2020 Studio City Notes that limit or prohibit certain payments of dividends and other distributions by Studio City Finance and its restricted subsidiaries to companies or persons who are not Studio City Finance or restricted subsidiaries of Studio City Finance, subject to certain exceptions and conditions. As of December 31, 2023, the net assets of Studio City Finance and its restricted subsidiaries of approximately $740,000 were restricted from being distributed under the terms of the 2020 Studio City Notes. 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes On January 14, 2021, Studio City Finance issued $750,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.000% senior notes due January 15, 2029 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “First 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes”); and on May 20, 2021, Studio City Finance further issued $350,000 in aggregate principal amount of 5.000% senior notes due January 15, 2029 at an issue price of 101.50% of the principal amount (the “Additional 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes” and together with the First 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes, the “2021 5.000% Studio City Notes”). The Additional 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes are consolidated and form a single series with the First 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes. The interest on the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes is accrued at a rate of 5.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year and commenced on July 15, 2021. The 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes are general obligations of Studio City Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Studio City Finance, rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Studio City Finance and are effectively subordinated to all of Studio City Finance’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the property and assets securing such indebtedness. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes were partially used to fund the conditional tender offer and the remaining outstanding balance with accrued interest of previous senior notes of Studio City Finance in February 2021; and with the remaining balance to partially fund the capital expenditures of the remaining development project at Studio City and for general corporate purposes. All of the existing subsidiaries of Studio City Finance and any other future restricted subsidiaries that provide guarantees of certain specified indebtedness (including the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities) (the “2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantors”) jointly, severally and unconditionally guarantee the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes on a senior basis (the “2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantees”). The 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantees are general obligations of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantors, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantors and rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantors. The 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantees are effectively subordinated to the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes Guarantors’ obligations under all existing and any future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of such property and assets securing such indebtedness. At any time prior to January 15, 2024, Studio City Finance had the options i) to redeem all or a portion of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes at a “make-whole” redemption price; and ii) to redeem up to 35% of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a fixed redemption price. Thereafter, Studio City Finance has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. Further, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture governing the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes, Studio City Finance also has the option to redeem in whole, but not in part the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes at fixed redemption prices. In certain events that relate to a change of control or a termination of the gaming concession of Melco Resorts Macau and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture governing the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes, each holder of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes will have the right to require Studio City Finance to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Studio City Finance and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) make specified restricted payments; (iii) issue or sell capital stock; (iv) sell assets; (v) create liens; (vi) enter into agreements that restrict the restricted subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans; (vii) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (viii) effect a consolidation or merger. The indenture governing the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. There are provisions under the indenture governing the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes that limit or prohibit certain payments of dividends and other distributions by Studio City Finance and its restricted subsidiaries to companies or persons who are not Studio City Finance or restricted subsidiaries of Studio City Finance, subject to certain exceptions and conditions. As of December 31, 2023, the net assets of Studio City Finance and its restricted subsidiaries of approximately $740,000 were restricted from being distributed under the terms of the 2021 5.000% Studio City Notes. 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes On February 16, 2022, Studio City Company issued $350,000 in aggregate principal amount of 7.000% senior secured notes due February 15, 2027 at an issue price of 100% of the principal amount (the “2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes”). The interest on the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes is accrued at a rate of 7.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year and commenced on August 15, 2022. The 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes are senior secured obligations of Studio City Company, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of Studio City Company (although any liabilities in respect of obligations under the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities that are secured by common collateral securing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes will have priority over the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes with respect to any proceeds received upon any enforcement action of such common collateral) and rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of Studio City Company and effectively subordinated to Studio City Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness that is secured by assets that do not secure the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes, to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness. The net proceeds from the offering of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes were Studio City Investments Limited (“Studio City Investments”), a subsidiary of Melco, all of its existing subsidiaries (other than Studio City Company) and any other future restricted subsidiaries that provide guarantees of certain specified indebtedness (including the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities) (the “2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantors”) jointly, severally and unconditionally guarantee the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes on a senior basis (the “2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantees”). The 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantees are senior obligations of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantors, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantors and rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantors. The 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantees are pari passu to the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantors’ obligations under the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities, and effectively subordinated to any future secured indebtedness that is secured by assets that do not secure the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes and the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes Guarantees, to the extent of the value of the assets. The 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes are secured, on an equal basis with the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities, by substantially all of the material assets of Studio City Investments and its subsidiaries (although obligations under the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities that are secured by the common collateral securing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes will have priority over the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes with respect to any proceeds received upon any enforcement action of such common collateral); in addition, in line with the 2016 Studio City Credit Facilities, the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes are also secured by certain specified bank accounts. At any time prior to February 15, 2024, Studio City Company had the options i) to redeem all or a portion of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes at a “make-whole” redemption price; and ii) to redeem up to 35% of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a fixed redemption price. Thereafter, Studio City Company has the option to redeem all or a portion of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes at any time at fixed redemption prices that decline ratably over time. Further, under certain circumstances and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture governing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes, Studio City Company also has the option to redeem in whole, but not in part the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes at fixed redemption prices. In certain events that relate to a change of control or a termination of the gaming concession of Melco Resorts Macau and subject to certain exceptions as more fully described in the indenture governing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes, each holder of the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes will have the right to require Studio City Company to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes at a fixed redemption price. The indenture governing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of Studio City Company, Studio City Investments and their respective restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness and issue certain preferred stock; (ii) make specified restricted payments and investments; (iii) prepay or redeem subordinated debt or equity; (iv) issue or sell capital stock; (v) transfer, lease or sell assets; (vi) create or incur certain liens; (vii) impair the security interests in the collateral; (viii) enter into agreements that restrict the restricted subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans; (ix) change the nature of the business of the relevant group; (x) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (xi) effect a consolidation or merger. The indenture governing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes also contains conditions and events of default customary for such financings. There are provisions under the indenture governing the 2022 7.000% Studio City Secured Notes that limit or prohibit certain payments of dividends and other distributions by Studio City Company, Studio City Investments and their respective restricted subsidiaries to companies or persons who are not Studio City Company, Studio City Investments and their respective restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions and conditions. As of December 31, 2023, the net assets of Studio City |