Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses | LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Loans held for investment consist of the following: December 31, September 30, Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 11,131,888 $ 10,903,024 Residential Home Today 82,679 84,942 Home equity loans and lines of credit 2,221,380 2,174,961 Construction 51,404 52,332 Real estate loans 13,487,351 13,215,259 Other loans 2,900 3,166 Add (deduct): Deferred loan expenses, net 43,785 41,976 Loans in process ("LIP") (28,972 ) (25,743 ) Allowance for loan losses (37,292 ) (38,913 ) Loans held for investment, net $ 13,467,772 $ 13,195,745 At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, $9,608 and $3,666 of loans were classified as mortgage loans held for sale. A large concentration of the Company’s lending is in Ohio and Florida. As of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , the percentage of aggregate Residential Core, Home Today and Construction loans held in Ohio was 57% as of both dates and the percentage held in Florida was 16% as of both dates. As of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , home equity loans and lines of credit were concentrated in Ohio ( 30% and 31% ), Florida ( 19% as of both dates), and California ( 16% as of both dates). Home Today was an affordable housing program targeted to benefit low- and moderate-income home buyers and most loans under the program were originated prior to 2009. No new loans were originated under the Home Today program after September 30, 2016. Through this program the Company provided the majority of loans to borrowers who would not otherwise qualify for the Company’s loan products, generally because of low credit scores. Because the Company applied less stringent underwriting and credit standards to the majority of Home Today loans, loans originated under the program have greater credit risk than its traditional residential real estate mortgage loans in the Residential Core portfolio. Since loans are no longer originated under the Home Today program, the Home Today portfolio will continue to decline in balance, primarily due to contractual amortization. To supplant the Home Today product and to continue to meet the credit needs of customers and the communities served, since fiscal 2016 the Company has offered Fannie Mae eligible, Home Ready loans. These loans are originated in accordance with Fannie Mae's underwriting standards. While the Company retains the servicing to these loans, the loans, along with the credit risk associated therewith, are securitized/sold to Fannie Mae. The Company does not offer, and has not offered, loan products frequently considered to be designed to target sub-prime borrowers containing features such as higher fees or higher rates, negative amortization, a LTV ratio greater than 100%, or pay-option adjustable-rate mortgages. The Company currently offers home equity lines of credit that include monthly principal and interest payments throughout the entire term. Home equity lines of credit originated prior to June 2010 require interest only payments for ten years, with an option to extend the interest only and draw period another ten years. Once the draw period has expired they are included in the home equity loan balance. The recorded investment in interest only loans comprised solely of equity lines of credit with balances of $3,954 and $8,231 at December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively. An aging analysis of the recorded investment in loan receivables that are past due at December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 is summarized in the following tables. When a loan is more than one month past due on its scheduled payments, the loan is considered 30 days or more past due. Balances are adjusted for deferred loan fees, expenses and any applicable loans-in-process. 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total December 31, 2019 Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 6,870 $ 2,938 $ 8,054 $ 17,862 $ 11,130,929 $ 11,148,791 Residential Home Today 2,842 1,272 3,196 7,310 75,030 82,340 Home equity loans and lines of credit 2,422 1,234 5,176 8,832 2,239,799 2,248,631 Construction — — — — 22,402 22,402 Total real estate loans 12,134 5,444 16,426 34,004 13,468,160 13,502,164 Other loans — — — — 2,900 2,900 Total $ 12,134 $ 5,444 $ 16,426 $ 34,004 $ 13,471,060 $ 13,505,064 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Current Total September 30, 2019 Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 6,824 $ 4,030 $ 7,674 $ 18,528 $ 10,900,173 $ 10,918,701 Residential Home Today 2,629 1,685 2,623 6,937 77,677 84,614 Home equity loans and lines of credit 3,029 1,158 5,797 9,984 2,191,998 2,201,982 Construction — — — — 26,195 26,195 Total real estate loans 12,482 6,873 16,094 35,449 13,196,043 13,231,492 Other loans — — — — 3,166 3,166 Total $ 12,482 $ 6,873 $ 16,094 $ 35,449 $ 13,199,209 $ 13,234,658 At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , real estate loans include $7,719 and $7,543 , respectively, of loans that were in the process of foreclosure. Loans are placed in non-accrual status when they are contractually 90 days or more past due. The number of days past due is determined by the number of scheduled payments that remain unpaid, assuming a period of 30 days between each scheduled payment. Loans with a partial charge-off are placed in non-accrual and will remain in non-accrual status until, at a minimum, the impairment is recovered. Loans restructured in TDRs that were in non-accrual status prior to the restructurings remain in non-accrual status for a minimum of six months after restructuring. Loans restructured in TDRs with a high debt-to-income ratio at the time of modification are placed in non-accrual status for a minimum of 12 months. Additionally, home equity loans and lines of credit where the customer has a severely delinquent first mortgage loan and loans in Chapter 7 bankruptcy status where all borrowers have filed, and not reaffirmed or been dismissed, are placed in non-accrual status. The recorded investment of loan receivables in non-accrual status is summarized in the following table. Balances are adjusted for deferred loan fees and expenses. December 31, September 30, Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 33,310 $ 37,052 Residential Home Today 11,551 12,442 Home equity loans and lines of credit 15,447 21,771 Total non-accrual loans 60,308 71,265 At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, the recorded investment in non-accrual loans includes $43,882 and $55,171 which are performing according to the terms of their agreement, of which $24,059 and $25,895 are loans in Chapter 7 bankruptcy status, primarily where all borrowers have filed, and have not reaffirmed or been dismissed. The change in non-accrual from September 30, 2019 was partially impacted by the length of time TDRs with high debt-to-income ratios are retained in non-accrual status. TDRs with high debt-to-income ratios are placed in non-accrual status until they shown sustained payment performance. Interest on loans in accrual status, including certain loans individually reviewed for impairment, is recognized in interest income as it accrues, on a daily basis. Accrued interest on loans in non-accrual status is reversed by a charge to interest income and income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received. Cash payments on loans in non-accrual status are applied to the oldest scheduled, unpaid payment first. Cash payments on loans with a partial charge-off are applied fully to principal, then to recovery of the charged off amount prior to interest income being recognized, except cash payments may be applied to interest capitalized in a restructuring when collection of remaining amounts due is considered probable. A non-accrual loan is generally returned to accrual status when contractual payments are less than 90 days past due. However, a loan may remain in non-accrual status when collectability is uncertain, such as a TDR that has not met minimum payment requirements, a loan with a partial charge-off, an equity loan or line of credit with a delinquent first mortgage greater than 90 days past due, or a loan in Chapter 7 bankruptcy status where all borrowers have filed, and have not reaffirmed or been dismissed. The recorded investment in loan receivables at December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 is summarized in the following table. The table provides details of the recorded balances according to the method of evaluation used for determining the allowance for loan losses, distinguishing between determinations made by evaluating individual loans and determinations made by evaluating groups of loans not individually evaluated. Balances of recorded investments are adjusted for deferred loan fees, expenses and any applicable loans-in-process. December 31, 2019 September 30, 2019 Individually Collectively Total Individually Collectively Total Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 82,191 $ 11,066,600 $ 11,148,791 $ 87,069 $ 10,831,632 $ 10,918,701 Residential Home Today 36,390 45,950 82,340 36,959 47,655 84,614 Home equity loans and lines of credit 44,668 2,203,963 2,248,631 46,445 2,155,537 2,201,982 Construction — 22,402 22,402 — 26,195 26,195 Total real estate loans 163,249 13,338,915 13,502,164 170,473 13,061,019 13,231,492 Other loans — 2,900 2,900 — 3,166 3,166 Total $ 163,249 $ 13,341,815 $ 13,505,064 $ 170,473 $ 13,064,185 $ 13,234,658 An analysis of the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 is summarized in the following table. The analysis provides details of the allowance for loan losses according to the method of evaluation, distinguishing between allowances for loan losses determined by evaluating individual loans and allowances for loan losses determined by evaluating groups of loans collectively. December 31, 2019 September 30, 2019 Individually Collectively Total Individually Collectively Total Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 7,038 $ 11,274 $ 18,312 $ 7,080 $ 12,673 $ 19,753 Residential Home Today 2,447 1,785 4,232 2,422 1,787 4,209 Home equity loans and lines of credit 3,953 10,791 14,744 4,003 10,943 14,946 Construction — 4 4 — 5 5 Total real estate loans $ 13,438 $ 23,854 $ 37,292 $ 13,505 $ 25,408 $ 38,913 At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , individually evaluated loans that required an allowance were comprised only of loans evaluated for impairment based on the present value of cash flows, such as performing TDRs, and loans with an indication of further deterioration in the fair value of the property not yet supported by a full review and collateral evaluation. All other individually evaluated loans received a charge-off, if applicable. Because many variables are considered in determining the appropriate level of general valuation allowances, directional changes in individual considerations do not always align with the directional change in the balance of a particular component of the general valuation allowance. At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, allowances on individually reviewed loans evaluated for impairment (IVAs) included those based on the present value of cash flows, such as performing TDRs, were $13,437 and $13,399 , and allowances on loans with further deteriorations in the fair value of the property not yet supported by a full review were $1 and $106 . Residential Core mortgage loans represent the largest portion of the residential real estate portfolio. The Company believes overall credit risk is low based on the nature, composition, collateral, products, lien position and performance of the portfolio. The portfolio does not include loan types or structures that have experienced severe performance problems at other financial institutions (sub-prime, no documentation or pay-option adjustable-rate mortgages). The portfolio contains adjustable-rate mortgage loans whereby the interest rate is locked initially for mainly three or five years then resets annually, subject to various re-lock options available to the borrower. Although the borrower is qualified for its loan at a higher rate than the initial one, the adjustable-rate feature may impact a borrower's ability to afford the higher payments upon rate reset during periods of rising interest rates. With limited historical loss experience compared to other types of loans in the portfolio, judgment is required by management in assessing the allowance required. The principal amount of loans in the portfolio that are adjustable-rate mortgage loans was $5,129,610 and $5,063,010 at December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively. As described earlier in this footnote, Home Today loans have greater credit risk than traditional residential real estate mortgage loans. At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, approximately 13% and 14% of Home Today loans include private mortgage insurance coverage. The majority of the coverage on these loans was provided by PMI Mortgage Insurance Co., which was seized by the Arizona Department of Insurance in 2011 and currently pays all claim payments at 74.5% . Appropriate adjustments have been made to the Company’s affected valuation allowances and charge-offs, and estimated loss severity factors were adjusted accordingly for loans evaluated collectively. The amount of loans in the Company's total owned residential portfolio covered by mortgage insurance provided by PMIC as of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, was $24,518 and $26,191 , of which $22,684 and $24,198 was current. The amount of loans in the Company's total owned residential portfolio covered by mortgage insurance provided by Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation as of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, was $15,774 and $17,345 , of which $15,734 and $17,232 was current. As of December 31, 2019 , MGIC's long-term debt rating, as published by the major credit rating agencies, did not meet the requirements to qualify as "high credit quality"; however, MGIC continues to make claim payments in accordance with its contractual obligations and the Company has not increased its estimated loss severity factors related to MGIC's claim paying ability. No other loans were covered by mortgage insurers that were deferring claim payments or which were assessed as being non-investment grade. Home equity loans and lines of credit, which are comprised primarily of home equity lines of credit, represent a significant portion of the residential real estate portfolio. On home equity lines of credit originated prior to 2012, subsequent deterioration in economic and housing market conditions may impact a borrower's ability to afford the higher payments required during the end of draw repayment period that follows the period of interest only payments, or the ability to secure alternative financing. Beginning in 2013, the terms on new home equity lines of credit included monthly principal and interest payments throughout the entire term to minimize the potential payment differential between the draw and after draw periods. The Company originates construction loans to individuals for the construction of their personal single-family residence by a qualified builder (construction/permanent loans). The Company’s construction/permanent loans generally provide for disbursements to the builder or sub-contractors during the construction phase as work progresses. During the construction phase, the borrower only pays interest on the drawn balance. Upon completion of construction, the loan converts to a permanent amortizing loan without the expense of a second closing. The Company offers construction/permanent loans with fixed or adjustable-rates, and a current maximum loan-to-completed-appraised value ratio of 85%. Other loans are comprised of loans secured by certificate of deposit accounts, which are fully recoverable in the event of non-payment, and forgivable down payment assistance loans, which are unsecured loans used as down payment assistance to borrowers qualified through partner housing agencies. The Company records a liability for the loans which are forgiven in equal increments over a pre-determined term, subject to residency requirements. For all classes of loans, a loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered in determining that a loan is impaired may include the deteriorating financial condition of the borrower indicated by missed or delinquent payments, a pending legal action, such as bankruptcy or foreclosure, or the absence of adequate security for the loan. The recorded investment and the unpaid principal balance of impaired loans, including those reported as TDRs, as of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , are summarized as follows. Balances of recorded investments are adjusted for deferred loan fees and expenses. December 31, 2019 September 30, 2019 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related IVA recorded: Residential Core $ 43,815 $ 59,009 $ — $ 44,122 $ 59,538 $ — Residential Home Today 12,237 32,354 — 12,764 31,958 — Home equity loans and lines of credit 16,625 21,477 — 18,528 23,935 — Total $ 72,677 $ 112,840 $ — $ 75,414 $ 115,431 $ — With an IVA recorded: Residential Core $ 38,376 $ 38,453 $ 7,038 $ 42,947 $ 43,042 $ 7,080 Residential Home Today 24,153 24,119 2,447 24,195 24,178 2,422 Home equity loans and lines of credit 28,043 28,042 3,953 27,917 27,924 4,003 Total $ 90,572 $ 90,614 $ 13,438 $ 95,059 $ 95,144 $ 13,505 Total impaired loans: Residential Core $ 82,191 $ 97,462 $ 7,038 $ 87,069 $ 102,580 $ 7,080 Residential Home Today 36,390 56,473 2,447 36,959 56,136 2,422 Home equity loans and lines of credit 44,668 49,519 3,953 46,445 51,859 4,003 Total $ 163,249 $ 203,454 13,438 $ 170,473 $ 210,575 $ 13,505 At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, the recorded investment in impaired loans includes $151,313 and $157,408 of loans restructured in TDRs of which $8,425 and $8,435 are 90 days or more past due. The average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized during the period that the loans were impaired are summarized below. For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 2018 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related IVA recorded: Residential Core $ 43,969 $ 365 $ 52,733 $ 460 Residential Home Today 12,501 48 15,762 72 Home equity loans and lines of credit 17,577 94 22,626 104 Total $ 74,047 $ 507 $ 91,121 $ 636 With an IVA recorded: Residential Core $ 40,662 $ 296 $ 38,643 $ 305 Residential Home Today 24,174 281 25,218 296 Home equity loans and lines of credit 27,980 166 25,762 158 Total $ 92,816 $ 743 $ 89,623 $ 759 Total impaired loans: Residential Core $ 84,631 $ 661 $ 91,376 $ 765 Residential Home Today 36,675 329 40,980 368 Home equity loans and lines of credit 45,557 260 48,388 262 Total $ 166,863 $ 1,250 $ 180,744 $ 1,395 Interest on loans in non-accrual status is recognized on a cash basis. The amount of interest income on impaired loans recognized using a cash basis method was $276 and $392 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively. Cash payments on loans with a partial charge-off are applied fully to principal, then to recovery of the charged off amount prior to interest income being recognized, except cash payments may be applied to interest capitalized in a restructuring when collection of remaining amounts due is considered probable. Interest income on the remaining impaired loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Charge-offs on residential mortgage loans, home equity loans and lines of credit, and construction loans are recognized when triggering events, such as foreclosure actions, short sales, or deeds accepted in lieu of repayment, result in less than full repayment of the recorded investment in the loans. Partial or full charge-offs are also recognized for the amount of impairment on loans considered collateral dependent that meet the conditions described below. • For residential mortgage loans, payments are greater than 180 days delinquent; • For home equity lines of credit, equity loans, and residential loans restructured in a TDR, payments are greater than 90 days delinquent; • For all classes of loans restructured in a TDR with a high debt-to-income ratio at time of modification; • For all classes of loans, a sheriff sale is scheduled within 60 days to sell the collateral securing the loan; • For all classes of loans, all borrowers have been discharged of their obligation through a Chapter 7 bankruptcy; • For all classes of loans, within 60 days of notification, all borrowers obligated on the loan have filed Chapter 7 bankruptcy and have not reaffirmed or been dismissed; • For all classes of loans, a borrower obligated on a loan has filed bankruptcy and the loan is greater than 30 days delinquent; and • For all classes of loans, it becomes evident that a loss is probable. Collateral dependent residential mortgage loans and construction loans are charged off to the extent the recorded investment in the loan, net of anticipated mortgage insurance claims, exceeds the fair value, less costs to dispose of the underlying property. Management can determine if the loan is uncollectible for reasons such as foreclosures exceeding a reasonable time frame and recommend a full charge-off. Home equity loans or lines of credit are charged off to the extent the recorded investment in the loan plus the balance of any senior liens exceeds the fair value, less costs to dispose of the underlying property, or management determines the collateral is not sufficient to satisfy the loan. A loan in any portfolio identified as collateral dependent will continue to be reported as impaired until it is no longer considered collateral dependent, is less than 30 days past due and does not have a prior charge-off. A loan in any portfolio that has a partial charge-off consequent to impairment evaluation will continue to be individually evaluated for impairment until, at a minimum, the impairment has been recovered. Residential mortgage loans and construction loans restructured in TDRs that are not evaluated based on collateral are separately evaluated for impairment on a loan by loan basis at the time of restructuring and at each subsequent reporting date for as long as they are reported as TDRs. The impairment evaluation is based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate of the original loan. Expected future cash flows include a discount factor representing a potential for default. Valuation allowances are recorded for the excess of the recorded investments over the result of the cash flow analysis. Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy are reported as TDRs and also evaluated based on the present value of expected future cash flows unless evaluated based on collateral. We evaluate these loans using the expected future cash flows because we expect the borrower, not liquidation of the collateral, to be the source of repayment for the loan. Other loans are not considered for restructuring. A loan restructured in a TDR is classified as an impaired loan for a minimum of one year. After one year, that loan may be reclassified out of the balance of impaired loans if the loan was restructured to yield a market rate for loans of similar credit risk at the time of restructuring and the loan is not impaired based on the terms of the restructuring agreement. No loans whose terms were restructured in TDRs were reclassified from impaired loans during the three months months ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . Initial concessions granted by loans restructured as TDRs can include reduction of interest rate, extension of amortization period, forbearance or other actions. Some TDRs have experienced a combination of concessions. TDRs also can occur as a result of bankruptcy proceedings. Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy are classified as multiple restructurings if the loan's original terms had also been restructured by the Company. The recorded investment in TDRs by category as of December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 is shown in the tables below. December 31, 2019 Initial Restructuring Multiple Restructurings Bankruptcy Total Residential Core $ 33,792 $ 24,865 $ 17,736 $ 76,393 Residential Home Today 15,868 16,565 3,098 35,531 Home equity loans and lines of credit 33,072 3,224 3,093 39,389 Total $ 82,732 $ 44,654 $ 23,927 $ 151,313 September 30, 2019 Initial Restructuring Multiple Bankruptcy Total Residential Core $ 35,829 $ 24,951 $ 19,494 $ 80,274 Residential Home Today 16,233 16,868 3,234 36,335 Home equity loans and lines of credit 34,459 3,115 3,225 40,799 Total $ 86,521 $ 44,934 $ 25,953 $ 157,408 TDRs may be restructured more than once. Among other requirements, a subsequent restructuring may be available for a borrower upon the expiration of temporary restructuring terms if the borrower cannot return to regular loan payments. If the borrower is experiencing an income curtailment that temporarily has reduced their capacity to repay, such as loss of employment, reduction of hours, non-paid leave or short-term disability, a temporary restructuring is considered. If the borrower lacks the capacity to repay the loan at the current terms due to a permanent condition, a permanent restructuring is considered. In evaluating the need for a subsequent restructuring, the borrower’s ability to repay is generally assessed utilizing a debt to income and cash flow analysis. For all loans restructured during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (set forth in the tables below), the pre-restructured outstanding recorded investment was not materially different from the post-restructured outstanding recorded investment. The following tables set forth the recorded investment in TDRs restructured during the periods presented. For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 Initial Restructuring Multiple Bankruptcy Total Residential Core $ 1,183 $ 1,771 $ 178 $ 3,132 Residential Home Today 306 765 38 1,109 Home equity loans and lines of credit 264 378 280 922 Total $ 1,753 $ 2,914 $ 496 $ 5,163 For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 Initial Restructuring Multiple Bankruptcy Total Residential Core $ 2,766 $ 2 $ 922 $ 3,690 Residential Home Today 272 — 125 397 Home equity loans and lines of credit 3,534 — 200 3,734 Total $ 6,572 $ 2 $ 1,247 $ 7,821 Below summarizes the information on TDRs restructured within 12 months of the period presented for which there was a subsequent payment default, at least 30 days past due on one scheduled payment, during the period presented. For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 2018 TDRs That Subsequently Defaulted Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Recorded Residential Core 11 $ 1,561 10 $ 1,356 Residential Home Today 15 577 18 875 Home equity loans and lines of credit 7 503 10 661 Total 33 $ 2,641 38 $ 2,892 Residential loans are internally assigned a grade that complies with the guidelines outlined in the OCC’s Handbook for Rating Credit Risk. Pass loans are assets well protected by the current paying capacity of the borrower. Special Mention loans have a potential weakness, as evaluated based on delinquency status or nature of the product, that the Company feels deserve management’s attention and may result in further deterioration in their repayment prospects and/or the Company’s credit position. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current payment capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged with a defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. Also included in Substandard are performing home equity loans and lines of credit where the customer has a severely delinquent first mortgage to which the performing home equity loan or line of credit is subordinate and loans in Chapter 7 bankruptcy status where all borrowers have filed, and have not reaffirmed or been dismissed. Loss loans are considered uncollectible and are charged off when identified. Loss loans are of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted even though partial recovery may be effected in the future. The following tables provide information about the credit quality of residential loan receivables by an internally assigned grade. Balances are adjusted for deferred loan fees, expenses and any applicable loans-in-process. Pass Special Mention Substandard Loss Total December 31, 2019 Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 11,104,802 $ 4,282 $ 39,707 $ — $ 11,148,791 Residential Home Today 69,331 — 13,009 — 82,340 Home equity loans and lines of credit 2,228,691 2,391 17,549 — 2,248,631 Construction 22,402 — — — 22,402 Total real estate loans $ 13,425,226 $ 6,673 $ 70,265 $ — $ 13,502,164 Pass Special Mention Substandard Loss Total September 30, 2019 Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 10,869,597 $ 4,348 $ 44,756 $ — $ 10,918,701 Residential Home Today 70,631 — 13,983 — 84,614 Home equity loans and lines of credit 2,175,341 2,588 24,053 — 2,201,982 Construction 26,195 — — — 26,195 Total real estate loans $ 13,141,764 $ 6,936 $ 82,792 $ — $ 13,231,492 At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, the recorded investment of impaired loans includes $96,826 and $90,295 of TDRs individually evaluated for impairment that have adequately performed under the terms of the restructuring and are classified as Pass loans. At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , respectively, there were $3,842 and $2,614 of loans classified Substandard and $6,673 and $6,936 of loans designated Special Mention that are not included in the recorded investment of impaired loans; rather, they are included in loans collectively evaluated for impairment. Of the $6,673 of loans classified Special Mention at December 31, 2019 , $4,282 are residential mortgage loans purchased which were current and performing at the time of purchase. These loans are designated Special Mention due to the absence of mortgage insurance coverage and potentially weaker repayment prospects when compared with the Company's originated residential Core Portfolio. Other loans are internally assigned a grade of non-performing when they become 90 days or more past due. At December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2019 , no other loans were graded as non-performing. Activity in the allowance for loan losses is summarized as follows: For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 Beginning Balance Provisions Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 19,753 $ (1,766 ) $ (485 ) $ 810 $ 18,312 Residential Home Today 4,209 (145 ) (359 ) 527 4,232 Home equity loans and lines of credit 14,946 (1,088 ) (745 ) 1,631 14,744 Construction 5 (1 ) — — 4 Total real estate loans $ 38,913 $ (3,000 ) $ (1,589 ) $ 2,968 $ 37,292 For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 Beginning Balance Provisions Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance Real estate loans: Residential Core $ 18,288 $ 909 $ (243 ) $ 211 $ 19,165 Residential Home Today 3,204 317 (241 ) 468 3,748 Home equity loans and lines of credit 20,921 (3,225 ) (843 ) 2,168 19,021 Construction 5 (1 ) — — 4 Total real estate loans $ 42,418 $ (2,000 ) $ (1,327 ) $ 2,847 $ 41,938 |