Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Basis of Accounting [Text Block] | ' |
a. Basis of Presentation |
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The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and are prepared on the accrual method of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. |
Reclassifications [Text Block] | ' |
b. Reclassifications |
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Certain prior year items have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company’s net loss. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
c. Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. |
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The Company's cash and cash equivalents, at December 31, consisted of the following: |
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| | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
Cash in bank | | $ | 414,001 | | | $ | 172,443 | |
Money market funds | | | 50 | | | | 2,001 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 414,051 | | | $ | 174,444 | |
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
d. Concentrations of credit risk |
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Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are deposited in demand and money market accounts in two financial institutions in the United States. Accounts at financial institutions in the United States are guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to certain limits. At times, the Company’s deposits or investments may exceed federally insured limits. At December 31, 2013, the Company had approximately $215,000 at two financial institutions in excess of FDIC insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. |
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To date, accounts receivable have been derived principally from revenue earned from end users, which are local and state government agencies. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers, and does not require collateral. |
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Accounts receivable are recorded net of the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts that is based upon a review of outstanding receivables, historical collection information and existing economic conditions. Delinquent receivables are written off based on individual credit evaluation and specific circumstances of the customer. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company has recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $30,000 and $0, respectively. |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
e. Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of accompanying financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. The Company’s significant estimates include primarily those required in the valuation or impairment analysis of capitalization of labor under software development costs, property and equipment, revenue recognition, allowances for doubtful accounts, stock-based compensation, warrants, litigation accruals and valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. Although the Company believes that adequate accruals have been made for unsettled issues, additional gains or losses could occur in future years from resolutions of outstanding matters. Actual results could differ materially from original estimates. |
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
f. Inventory |
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Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (determined using the first-in, first-out method) or market. Adjustments to reduce the cost of inventory to its net realizable value are made, if required, for estimated excess, obsolescence or impaired balances. No such adjustments have been made in years 2013 or 2012. |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
g. Property and Equipment |
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Property and equipment is recorded at cost. Major additions and improvements are capitalized, while ordinary maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of equipment retired or sold are removed from the accounts and any differences between the non-depreciated amount and the proceeds from the sale are recorded as gain or loss on asset disposals. |
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Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, ranging as follows: |
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Computer hardware/software | 3 years | | | | | | | |
Fleet vehicles | 5 years | | | | | | | |
Furniture and fixtures | 5 to 7 years | | | | | | | |
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Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $35,935 and $36,132 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
h. Long-lived Assets |
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The Company reviews its long-lived assets including property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Examples of such events could include a significant disposal of a portion of such assets, an adverse change in the market involving the business employing the related asset, a significant decrease in the benefits realized from an acquired business, difficulties or delays in integrating the business or a significant change in the operations of an acquired business. |
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An impairment test involves a comparison of undiscounted cash flows from the use of the asset to the carrying value of the asset. Measurement of an impairment loss is based on the amount that the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairment losses were incurred in the periods presented. |
Research, Development, and Computer Software, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
i. Software Development Costs |
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Certain software development costs incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility may be capitalized and amortized over the estimated lives of the related products. Through mid-year 2010, the Company capitalized certain software development costs accordingly. |
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The Company determined technological feasibility to be established upon completion of (1) product design, (2) detail program design, (3) consistency between product and program design and (4) review of detail program design to ensure that high risk development issues have been resolved. Upon the general release of the COPsync service offering to customers, development costs for that product were amortized over fifteen years based on management’s then estimated economic life of the product. |
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The Company has not capitalized any of the software development efforts associated with its new product offerings, WARRANTsync, VidTac and COPsync911, because the time period between achieving technological feasibility and product release for both of these product offerings was very short. As a result, the incurred costs have been recorded as research and development costs in years 2013 and 2012. |
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
j. Research and Development |
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Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
k. Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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The carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and short-term debt approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying amounts of notes payable approximate fair value based on market interest rates currently available to the Company. |
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The fair value framework requires a categorization of assets and liabilities, which are required at fair value, into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets and liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows: |
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Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. |
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Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets. |
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Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability. |
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At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no such assets or liabilities that were reported at fair value. |
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
l. Revenue Recognition |
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The Company’s business is to sell subscriptions to the COPsync service, which is a real-time, in-car information sharing, communication and data interoperability network for law enforcement agencies. The agencies subscribe to the service for a specified period of time (usually for twelve to forty-eight months), for a specified number of officers per agency, and at a fixed subscription fee per officer. |
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In the process of selling the subscription service, the Company is requested from time-to-time to also sell computers and computer-related hardware (“hardware”) used to provide the in-vehicle service should the customer not already have the hardware, as well as hardware installation services, the initial agency and officer set-up and training services and, sometimes, software integration services for enhanced service offerings. |
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The Company’s most common sales are: |
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1) for new customers – a multiple-element arrangement involving (a) the subscription fee, (b) integration of the COPsync software and a hardware appliance (where the hardware and software work together to deliver the essential functionality of the service) to include related services for hardware installation and agency and officer set-up and training and (c) if applicable, software integration services for enhanced service offerings; and |
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2) for existing customers – the subscription fees for the annual renewal of an agency’s COPsync subscription service, upon the completion of the agency’s previous subscription period. |
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The Company recognizes revenue when all of the following have occurred: (1) the Company has entered into a legally binding arrangement with a customer resulting in the existence of persuasive evidence of an arrangement; (2) delivery has occurred, evidenced when product title transfers to the customer; (3) customer payment is deemed fixed or determinable and free of contingencies and significant uncertainties; and (4) collection is probable. |
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The sales of the hardware and related services for hardware installation and agency and officer set-up and training are reported as “Hardware, installation and other revenues” in the Company’s Statement of Operations. The sale of the VidTac product offering is considered a hardware sale and is reported in this revenue classification. |
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The subscription fees and software integration services are reported as “software license/subscriptions revenues” in the Company’s Statement of Operations. The subscription fees include termed licenses for the contracted officers to have access to the service and the right to receive telephonic customer and technical support, as well as software updates, during the subscription period. Support for the hardware is normally provided by the hardware manufacturer. |
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The sale of the WARRANTsync and COPsync911 product offerings are reported in “software license/subscriptions revenues.” The products’ revenue stream consists of two elements: (1) an integration element, which is recognized upon integration and customer acceptance; and (2) a subscription element, which is recognized ratably over the service period upon customer acceptance. WARRANTsync represents a very small portion of our revenues and could be viewed as an enhancement feature to our COPsync Network. |
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The receipt and acceptance of an executed customer’s service agreement, which outlines all of the particulars of the sale event, is the primary method of determining that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. |
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Delivery generally occurs for the different elements of revenue as follows: |
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(1) For multiple-element arrangements involving new customers – contractually the lesser period of time of sixty days from contract date or the date officer training services are completed. The Company requests the agency to complete a written customer acceptance at the time training is completed, which will override the contracted criteria discussed immediately above. |
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(2) The subscription fee – the date the officer training is completed and written customer acceptance is received. |
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(3) Software integration services for enhanced service offerings – upon the completion of the integration efforts and verification that the enhanced service offering is available for use by the agency. |
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Fees are typically considered to be fixed or determinable at the inception of an arrangement, generally based on specific services and products to be delivered pursuant to the executed service agreement. Substantially all of the Company’s service agreements do not include rights of return or acceptance provisions. To the extent that agreements contain such terms, the Company recognizes revenue once the acceptance provisions or right of return lapses. Payment terms to customers generally range from net “upon receipt of invoice” to “net 30 days from invoice date.” In 2013, the Company adopted a policy of requesting new customers purchasing a significant amount of equipment to prepay for the equipment at the time the equipment was ordered from the Company’s suppliers. These prepayments are recorded on the Company’s Balance Sheet as Current Deferred Revenues. |
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The Company assesses the ability to collect from its customers based on a number of factors, including credit worthiness of the customer and the past transaction history with the customer. If the customer is not deemed credit worthy, the Company defers all revenue from the arrangement until payment is received and all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. |
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As indicated above, some customer orders contain multiple elements. The Company allocates revenue to each element in an arrangement based on relative selling price. The selling price for a deliverable is based on its vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”), if available, third party evidence ("TPE"), if VSOE is not available, or the Company’s best estimate of selling price ("ESP"), if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. The maximum revenue the Company recognizes on a delivered element is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items. Many of the Company’s service agreements contain grants (or discounts) provided to the contracting agency. These grants or discounts have been allocated across all of the different elements based upon the respective, relative selling price. |
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The Company determines VSOE for subscription fees for the initial contract period based upon the rate charged to customers on a stand-alone subscription service. VSOE for renewal pricing is based upon the stated rate for the renewed subscription service, which is stated in the service agreement or contract entered into. The renewal rate is generally equal to the stated rate in the original contract. The Company has a history of such renewals, the vast majority of which are at the stated renewal rate on a customer-by customer-basis. Subscription fee revenue is recognized ratably over the life of the service agreement. |
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The Company has determined that the selling price of hardware products include the related services for hardware installation and agency and officer set-up and training, as well as integration services for enhanced service offerings, which are sold separately and, as a result, it has VSOE for these products. |
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For almost all of the Company’s new service agreements, as well as renewal agreements, billing and payment terms are agreed to up front or in advance of performance milestones. These payments are initially recorded as deferred revenue and subsequently recognized as revenue as follows: |
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(1) Integration of the COPsync software and a hardware appliance (where the hardware and software work together to deliver the essential functionality of the service) to include related services for hardware installation and agency and officer set-up and training – immediately upon delivery. |
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(2) The subscription fee – ratably over the contracted subscription period, commencing on the delivery date. |
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(3) Software integration services for enhanced service offerings – immediately upon the Company’s completion of the integration and verification that the enhanced service is available for the agency’s use. |
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(4) Renewals – ratably over the renewed subscription or service period commencing on the completion of the previous subscription or service period. |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
m. Income Taxes |
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The Company accounts for income taxes under an asset and liability approach. This process involves calculating the temporary and permanent differences between the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are recorded on the Company’s Balance Sheets. The Company must assess the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company must establish a valuation allowance. Changes in the Company’s valuation allowance in a period are recorded through the income tax provision on the Company’s Statements of Operations. The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. |
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The Company periodically assesses uncertain tax positions that the Company has taken or expects to take on a tax return (including a decision whether to file or not to file a return in a particular jurisdiction). The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. The Company evaluated its tax positions and determined that there were no uncertain tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
n. Share Based Compensation |
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The Company accounts for all share-based payment transactions using a fair-value based measurement method. The Company calculates stock option-based compensation by estimating the fair value of each option as of its date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. These amounts are expensed over the respective vesting periods of each award using the straight-line attribution method. The Company has historically issued stock options and vested and non-vested stock grants to employees and, beginning in 2012, to outside directors, whose only condition for vesting has been continued employment or service during the related vesting or restriction period. |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
o. Newly Adopted Pronouncements |
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Accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
Stockholders' Equity, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
p. Preferred Stock Issuances with Beneficial Conversion Features |
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The Company uses the effective conversion price of preferred shares issued based on the proceeds received to compute the intrinsic value of the embedded conversion feature on preferred stock issuances with detachable warrants. The Company calculates an effective conversion price and uses that price to measure the intrinsic value of the embedded conversion option. |