Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Basis of Presentation |
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The consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). |
Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Principles of Consolidation |
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The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SmartHeat’s US parent, its subsidiaries Heat HP and Heat PHE, and their subsidiaries Taiyu, SanDeKe, SmartHeat Siping, Jinhui, SmartHeat Investment, SmartHeat Energy, SmartHeat Trading, Ruicheng, SmartHeat Germany, SmartHeat Pump, and Heat Exchange, which are collectively referred to as the “Company.” All significant intercompany accounts and transactions were eliminated in consolidation. After the sale of 40% equity interest of Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping, SmartHeat Energy, Ruicheng and Xinrui (See Note 9) on December 30, 2013, the Company now owns 60% of Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping and SmartHeat Energy, and 30.6% of Ruicheng, which is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. |
Liquidity Disclosure [Policy Text Block] | Going Concern |
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The Company has incurred significant recurring losses from operations in the past several years, including a net loss of $9.57 million for the year ended December 31, 2014; of which, $4.93 million was attributable to sold entities and $4.64 million was attributable to the remaining entities. In addition, the Company expected to recognize a loss of $35.27 million from the 100% equity interest sale on the entities to be sold. These conditions raise a substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. However, given the fact of increasing demand for heat pump products in China, the Company will put more resources and efforts to grow heat pump business after completing the operation restructure of disposing PHE business. |
Equity Method Investments, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Equity Method Investee |
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Prior to the sale of 40% equity interest of Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping, SmartHeat Energy, Ruicheng and Xinrui, the Company owned 46% of XinRui and accounted for this investment under the equity method of accounting (FASB ASC Subtopic 323-30). The Company recorded its investment at the original cost. This investment increased with income and decreased for dividends and losses accrued by the Company. After 40% equity interest sale on December 30, 2013, the Company now owns 30.6% of Ruicheng (See Note 9) and 27.6% of XinRui, which are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. |
Consolidation, Subsidiaries or Other Investments, Consolidated Entities, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Noncontrolling Interest |
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The Company follows Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810, “Consolidation,” which established new standards governing the accounting for and reporting of noncontrolling interests (“NCIs”) in partially owned consolidated subsidiaries and the loss of control of subsidiaries. Certain provisions of this standard indicate, among other things, that NCIs, previously referred to as minority interests, be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability, as was previously the case, that increases and decreases in the parent’s ownership interest that leave control intact be treated as equity transactions rather than as step acquisitions or dilution gains or losses and that losses of a partially owned consolidated subsidiary be allocated to the NCI even when such allocation might result in a deficit balance. This standard also required changes to certain presentation and disclosure requirements. Losses attributable to the NCI in a subsidiary may exceed the NCI’s interests in the subsidiary’s equity. The excess attributable to the NCI is attributed to those interests. The NCI shall continue to be attributed its share of losses even if that attribution results in a deficit NCI balance. |
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After the sale of 40% equity interest of Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping, SmartHeat Energy, Ruicheng and Xinrui (See Note 9) on December 30, 2013, the Company now owns 60% of Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping and SmartHeat Energy, and 30.6% of Ruicheng and 27.6% of Xinrui. For accounting purposes, the 40% net loss of Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping, SmartHeat Energy were not allocated to noncontrolling interest between December 30, 2013 and December 31, 2013, as the change in ownership interest may not change financial results substantially between December 30, 2013 and December 31, 2013. However, the Company performed long-lived assets impairment test for Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping, SmartHeat Energy on December 31, 2013, and recognized $13.73 million impairment loss with $5.49 million allocated to noncontrolling interest on December 31, 2013. |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Use of Estimates |
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In preparing the financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates, required by management, include the recoverability of long-lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts and the reserve for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Cash and Equivalents |
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For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company maintained restricted cash deposit in several bank accounts for the purposes described below. |
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| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In millions) | | | | | | | | | |
Support of performance guarantee | | $ | 0.41 | | | $ | 1.16 | | | | | | | | | |
Support of bank acceptance | | | 0.7 | | | | 1.29 | | | | | | | | | |
Support of letter of credit | | | 0.21 | | | | 0.01 | | | | | | | | | |
Financial product * | | | 8.59 | | | | - | | | | | | | | | |
Total restricted cash - current | | $ | 9.91 | | | $ | 2.46 | | | | | | | | | |
Performance guarantee - noncurrent | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.14 | | | | | | | | | |
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* Financial product from a commercial bank in the PRC for RMB 40,000,000 ($8.59 million) was entered into on November 27, 2014 with maturity on January 7, 2015. The financial product has an expected annual interest rate of 4.5%. |
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The following table presents in US dollars (“USD”) the amount of cash and equivalents held by the Company as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, based on the jurisdiction of deposit. The Company’s US parent holds cash and equivalents in US bank accounts denominated in USD. |
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| | United States | | | China | | | Germany | | | Total | |
31-Dec-14 | | $ | 68,103 | | | $ | 13,118,523 | | | $ | 495,998 | | | $ | 13,682,624 | |
31-Dec-13 | | $ | 251,461 | | | $ | 11,326,282 | | | $ | 2,024,656 | | | $ | 13,602,399 | |
Receivables, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Accounts and Retentions Receivable |
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The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. Based on historical collection activity, the Company had allowances of $39.26 million and $48.25 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had retentions receivable from customers for product quality assurance of $3.64 million and $4.44 million, respectively. The retention rate varies from 5% to 20% of the sales price with variable terms from three to 24 months depending on the shipping date, and for PHE Units, the customer acceptance date, of the products and the number of heating seasons that the warranty period covers. The Company had allowances of $2.33 million and $0 at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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Accounts receivable is net of unearned interest of $26,558 and $26,655 at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Unearned interest is imputed interest on accounts receivable with due dates over one year from the invoice date discounted at the Company’s borrowing rate of 6.15% at December 31, 2012. The Company did not record additional unearned interest after December 31, 2012 due to no long-term accounts receivable. |
Receivables, Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Bad Debt Allowance |
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The Company records 50% and 100% of accounts receivable aged over 180 and 360 days, respectively, from the payment due date as bad debt allowance. Management of the Company’s subsidiaries further analyzes each individual customer for which it was taken a bad debt allowance to further assess the likelihood of collectability. Customers which are either state-owned or have a history of support from the state, or larger companies with long operating histories, that management of the Company’s subsidiaries believe the chance of non-payment will be remote, are excluded for the purpose of calculating bad debt allowance. |
Advances to Suppliers [Policy Text Block] | Advances to Suppliers |
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The Company makes advances to certain vendors to purchase raw material and equipment for production. The advances are interest-free and unsecured. |
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Inventories |
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Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on a moving weighted-average basis. The difference is recorded as a cost of goods sold, if the current market value is lower than their historical cost. In addition, the Company makes an inventory impairment provision analysis at each period end for inventory held over 360 days. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct material, direct labor and an allocated portion of production overheads. |
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Certain raw materials, such as stainless steel products, plates, shims, gaskets, and pump valves, require longer than normal procurement periods, or “lead times,” with some procurement periods running longer than six months. To guarantee availability of raw materials for production and sales, the Company’s subsidiaries, based on historical sales patterns, estimate and purchase material for the upcoming periods. |
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As part of inventory impairment analysis, the Company performs an evaluation of raw materials stored over one year and not anticipated to be consumed, and an evaluation of potential impairment to the quality of these raw materials. If management anticipates that obsolete raw materials in inventory can be utilized and will be consumed within the next six months through new customer orders or substitute orders, no impairment is recorded. The Company collects information about delayed and canceled contracts and meets with affected customers to discuss their financing situation and their projections of future orders. Finished goods manufactured for delayed and canceled contracts that the Company does not expect to be reinstated and contracts for which the Company has been unable to find substitute customers become impaired. |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Property and Equipment, net |
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Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method with a 10% salvage value and estimated lives as follows: |
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Buildings | 20 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Vehicles | 5 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Office equipment | 5 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Production equipment | 5-10 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Land Use Rights [Policy Text Block] | Land Use Rights, net |
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Rights to use land is stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided using the straight-line method over 50 years. |
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
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Long-lived assets, which include tangible assets, such as property and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. |
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Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value (“FV”) of the assets. FV generally is determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. |
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On December 30, 2013, the Company closed the transaction contemplated by the EIPA dated October 10, 2013, whereby the buyers purchased 40% of the Company’s equity interests in the Target Companies: Taiyu, SmartHeat Siping, SmartHeat Energy, Ruicheng and XinRui for the purchase price of RMB 5 million ($0.82 million) (See Note 1). The buyers had the option to purchase the remaining 60% equity interest in the Target Companies for an additional purchase price of RMB 8.5 million ($1.39 million). |
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According to FASB ASC Subtopic 360-10-35, a long-lived asset (asset group) shall be tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate its carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company believed the following events or changes in circumstances indicated the carrying amount of its long-lived assets (asset group) may not be recoverable: 1) a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived assets (asset group) will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life, and 2) a significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset (asset group). Since the Company has the option to sell 100% ownership in Target Companies for RMB13.5 million ($2.21 million), a significant decrease in the market price before the end of its previously estimated useful life for their long-lived assets, the Company therefore performed asset recoverability testing by comparing the assets’ estimated future undiscounted cash flows with their carrying value, and concluded the long-lived assets were not recoverable as a result of future cash flows being less than the carrying amount. The Company further calculated the impairment losses of Target Companies by determining the FV for the long-lived asset group and recorded a write-down (loss) for the difference between their carrying value and their FV. FV is an asset’s purchase or sale price in a current transaction between willing parties. The best evidence of FV is prices quoted in active markets, although the Company has the option to sell 100% ownership in Target Companies for RMB13.5 million ($2.21 million), the market prices are not available for many long-lived assets such as equipment, the Company therefore used discounted cash flow method for estimating the FV of long-lived assets which are acceptable under FASB ASC Subtopic 360-10. |
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Based on its evaluation, the Company believed, as of December 31, 2013, the long-lived assets of Target Companies including construction in progress, property and equipment, and intangible assets were impaired for $13.73 million. In addition, the Company retained remaining 30.6% and 27.6% interest in Ruicheng and XinRui (after the 40% sale), respectively, at December 31, 2013, that was accounted for under the equity method of accounting, the Company recorded the long-term investment in Ruicheng and XinRui at FV as provided in FASB ASC Subtopic 323-10-30-2. The FV of the long-term investment was the prorated selling price for the remaining 60% equity interest that are allocated to Ruicheng and XinRui for $26,720; accordingly, the Company recorded $0.91 million impairment loss of long-term investment in Ruicheng and XinRui for the excess of the carrying amount over the FV for the year ended December 31, 2013. |
Standard Product Warranty, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Warranties |
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The Company offers all customers standard warranties on its products for one or two heating seasons depending on the terms negotiated. The Company accrues for warranty costs based on estimates of the costs that may be incurred under its warranty obligations. The warranty expense and related accrual is included in the Company’s selling expenses and other payables respectively, and is recorded when revenue is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold, its estimates of anticipated rates of warranty claims, costs per claim and estimated support labor costs and the associated overhead. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary. |
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Activity in the Company’s warranty reserve from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2014, is as follows: |
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| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning balance | | $ | 472,558 | | | $ | 517,076 | | | | | | | | | |
Provisions | | | 338,589 | | | | 331,989 | | | | | | | | | |
Actual costs incurred | | | (338,589 | ) | | | (376,507 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Ending balance in current liabilities (Note 13) | | $ | 472,558 | | | $ | 472,558 | | | | | | | | | |
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Research and Development Costs |
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Research and development (“R&D”) costs are expensed as incurred and included in general and administrative (G&A”) expenses. These costs primarily consist of cost of materials used, salaries paid for the Company’s development department and fees paid to third parties. R&D costs for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, were $723,910 and $1,424,400, respectively. |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Income Taxes |
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The Company utilizes FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for expected future tax consequences of events included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each period end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. |
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When tax returns are filed, it is likely that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheets along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. |
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Interest associated with unrecognized tax benefits is classified as interest expense and penalties are classified as selling, general and administrative expense in the statements of operation. At December 31, 2014, the Company had not taken any significant uncertain tax position on its tax returns for 2013 or prior years, or in computing its tax provision for 2014. |
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Revenue Recognition |
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The Company’s revenue recognition policies comply with FASB ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition.” Sales revenue is recognized when PHEs, heat meters and heat pumps are delivered, and for PHE Units when customer acceptance occurs, the price is fixed or determinable, no other significant obligations of the Company exist and collectability is reasonably assured. Payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition met are recorded as unearned revenue under “Advance from customers.” |
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The Company’s sales generally provide for 30% of the purchase price on placement of an order, 30% on delivery, 30% upon installation and acceptance of the equipment after customer testing and 10% no later than the termination of the standard warranty period, which ranges from three to 24 months from the acceptance date. |
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Due to the slowdown of the Chinese economy and tightened monetary policy, and to attract and retain customers, the Company’s subsidiaries adjusted their contract and payment terms to permit more flexible and longer payment terms. |
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Sales revenue is the invoiced value of goods, net of value-added tax (“VAT”). All of the Company’s products sold in the PRC are subject to a VAT of 17% of gross sales price. This VAT may be offset by the VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials purchased in China and included in the cost of producing the Company’s finished product. The Company recorded VAT payable and VAT receivable net of payments in the financial statements. The Company files VAT tax returns online with PRC tax authorities and offsets the payables against the receivables. SmartHeat Germany, the Company’s German subsidiary, is subject to 19% VAT. |
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Sales and purchases are recorded net of VAT collected and paid as the Company acts as an agent for the government. VAT taxes are not affected by the income tax holiday. |
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Sales returns and allowances were $0 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. The Company does not provide a right of return, price protection or any other concessions to its customers. |
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The Company provides a standard warranty to all customers, which is not considered an additional service; rather, an integral part of the product’s sale. The Company believes the existence of its standard product warranty in a sales contract does not constitute a deliverable in the arrangement and thus there is no need to apply the FASB ASC Subtopic 605-25 separation and allocation model for a multiple deliverable arrangement. FASB ASC Topic 450, “Contingencies,” specifically addresses the accounting for standard warranties. The Company believes that accounting for its standard warranty pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 450 does not impact revenue recognition because the cost of honoring the warranty can be reliably estimated. |
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The Company charges for after-sales services provided after the expiration of the warranty period, with after-sales services mainly consisting of cleaning PHEs and repairing and exchanging parts. The Company recognizes such revenue when the service is provided. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, revenue from after-sales services after the expiration of the warranty period was $215,867 and $24,732, respectively. Such revenue was recorded in other income. |
Cost of Sales, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Cost of Sales |
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Cost of sales (“COS”) consists primarily of material costs and direct labor and manufacturing overhead directly attributable to the products. Write-down of inventories to the lower of cost or market is also recorded in COS. The Company also records inventory reserve for inventories aging over 360 days to COS. |
Customer Advances [Policy Text Block] | Advance from Customers |
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The Company records payments received from customers in advance of their orders to advance account. These orders normally are delivered within a reasonable period of time based upon contract terms and customer demand. |
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Concentration of Credit Risk |
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Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained within China. Balances at financial institutions within China are not covered by insurance. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. |
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Certain other financial instruments, which subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist of accounts and other receivables. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support these receivables. The Company conducts periodic reviews of its customers’ financial condition and customer payment practices to minimize collection risk on accounts receivable. |
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The operations of the Company are located primarily in China. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in China, as well as by the general state of the PRC economy. |
Statement of Cash Flows [Policy Text Block] | Statement of Cash Flows |
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In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 230, “Statement of Cash Flows,” cash flows from the Company’s operations are calculated based upon the local currencies. As a result, amounts shown on the statement of cash flows may not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding asset and liability on the balance sheet. |
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share (EPS) |
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Basic EPS is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is computed similarly, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Diluted EPS are based on the assumption that all dilutive convertible shares and stock options were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options and warrants are assumed to have been exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later), and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. |
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Basic and diluted shares outstanding are the same for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, because the common stock equivalent of the convertible securities outstanding, consisting of unexercised options issued to the Company’s directors and an officer, are anti-dilutive and, accordingly, were excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share. At December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, options to purchase 2,500 shares of common stock were outstanding and exercisable, respectively. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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For certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and equivalents, restricted cash, accounts and other receivables, advances to suppliers, accounts payable, advances from customers, accrued liabilities and short-term debts, the carrying amounts approximate their FVs due to their short maturities. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” requires disclosure of the FV of financial instruments held by the Company. FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” defines FV, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of FV measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for FV measures. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows: |
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| • | Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the FV measurement. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under FASB ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity,” and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. |
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As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at FV. |
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block] | Foreign Currency Translation and Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
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The accounts of the US parent company are maintained in USD. The functional currency of the Company’s China subsidiaries is the Chinese Yuan Renminbi (“RMB”) and the functional currency of SmartHeat Germany, the Company’s subsidiary in Germany, is the Euro (“EUR”). The accounts of the China subsidiaries and German subsidiary were translated into USD in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 830, “Foreign Currency Matters .” According to FASB ASC Topic 830, all assets and liabilities were translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, stockholders’ equity was translated at the historical rates and statement of operations items were translated at the average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 220, “Comprehensive Income).” |
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The RMB to USD exchange rates and EUR to USD exchange rates in effect as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the average exchange rates for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as following. The exchange rates used in translation from RMB to USD were published by State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) of the PRC. The exchange rates used in translation from EUR to USD were published by OANDA Rates. |
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| | Average Exchange Rate | | | Balance Sheet Date | |
| | For the Years Ended | | | Exchange Rate | |
| | 12/31/14 | | | 12/31/13 | | | 12/31/14 | | | 12/31/13 | |
RMB - USD | | | 6.1431 | | | | 6.2142 | | | | 6.119 | | | | 6.0969 | |
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EUR - USD | | | 0.7535 | | | | 0.753 | | | | 0.8266 | | | | 0.7263 | |
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block] | Stock-Based Compensation |
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The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topics 718 “Compensation – Stock Compensation” and 505 “Equity” . The Company recognizes in the income statement the grant date FV of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees. |
Segment Reporting, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Segment Reporting |
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FASB ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Reportable segments are based on products and services, geography, legal structure, management structure, or any other manner in which management disaggregates a company. |
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The Company has two operating segments: 1) plate heating equipment, meters and related products; and 2) heat pumps and related products. These operating segments were determined based on the nature of the products offered. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company's chief executive officer and acting chief accountant were identified as the chief operating decision makers. The Company’s chief operating decision makers direct the allocation of resources to operating segments based on the profitability, cash flows, and other measurement factors of each respective segment. Historically they were not segmented because the heat pump business was relatively small compared to the plate heating business and both businesses reported to the same executives; however, the Company’s Board and senior management determined that it is useful and efficient to analyze and manage these businesses separately starting from 2013. |
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The Company evaluates performance based on several factors, of which the primary financial measure is business segment income before taxes. The following table shows the operations of the Company's reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, and as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. |
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| | Years Ended December 31, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | | | | | | | |
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Revenue from unaffiliated customers: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plate heating, meters and related | | $ | 28,010,658 | | | $ | 38,882,321 | | | | | | | | | |
Heat pumps and related | | | 6,065,301 | | | | 5,959,011 | | | | | | | | | |
Inter-segment elimination | | | - | | | | (131,806 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 34,075,959 | | | $ | 44,709,526 | | | | | | | | | |
Operating loss: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plate heating, meters and related | | $ | (7,741,793 | ) | | $ | (48,917,343 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Heat pumps and related | | | (2,885,498 | ) | | | (2,886,815 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Corporation | | | (1,375,270 | ) | | | (2,439,168 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Inter-segment elimination | | | - | | | | 1,055 | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | (12,002,561 | ) | | $ | (54,242,271 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Net loss to SmartHeat Inc: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plate heating, meters and related | | $ | (5,633,520 | ) | | $ | (44,283,015 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Heat pumps and related | | | (2,326,142 | ) | | | (2,095,207 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Corporation | | | (1,608,326 | ) | | | (3,292,174 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Inter-segment elimination | | | - | | | | 1,055 | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | (9,567,988 | ) | | $ | (49,669,341 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plate heating, meters and related | | $ | 176,476 | | | $ | 1,537,002 | | | | | | | | | |
Heat pumps and related | | | 462,512 | | | | 511,846 | | | | | | | | | |
Corporation | | | 177,252 | | | | 133,792 | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 816,240 | | | $ | 2,182,640 | | | | | | | | | |
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Total assets: | | As of December 31, 2014 | | | As of December 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | |
Plate heating, meters and related | | $ | 105,010,408 | | | $ | 113,919,061 | | | | | | | | | |
Heat pumps and related | | | 41,466,608 | | | | 13,674,622 | | | | | | | | | |
Corporation | | | 3,921,076 | | | | 3,374,858 | | | | | | | | | |
Inter-segment elimination | | | (47,199,591 | ) | | | (16,153,739 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 103,198,501 | | | $ | 114,814,802 | | | | | | | | | |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | New Accounting Pronouncements |
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In January 2014, FASB issued, Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-05, Service Concession Arrangements (ASC Topic 853). The objective of this Update is to specify that an operating entity should not account for a service concession arrangement within the scope of this Update as a lease in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 840, “ Leases ”. Service concession arrangements may become more prevalent in the United States as public-sector entities seek alternative ways to provide public services on a more efficient and cost-effective basis. The amendments apply to an operating entity of a service concession arrangement entered into with a public-sector entity grantor when the arrangement meets certain conditions. The amendments in this Update should be applied on a modified retrospective basis to service concession arrangements that exist at the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year of adoption. The modified retrospective approach requires the cumulative effect of applying this Update to arrangements existing at the beginning of the period of adoption to be recognized as an adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance for the annual period of adoption. The amendments are effective for a public business entity for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. The adoption of this ASU will not affect the Company’s financial statements. |
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The FASB has issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This ASU supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in FASB ASC 605 - Revenue Recognition and most industry-specific guidance throughout the Codification. The standard requires that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU is effective on January 1, 2017 and should be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the ASU recognized at the date of initial application. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations. |
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The FASB has issued ASU No. 2014-12, Compensation - Stock Compensation (ASC Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period. This ASU requires that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition. As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant date fair value of the award. This update further clarifies that compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered.. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations. |
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As of December 31, 2014, there is no recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted that would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |
Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Reclassification |
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Certain prior year amounts were reclassified to conform to the manner of presentation in the current period, which includes the reclassification of a $2.30 million allowance for other receivables to allowance for advances to suppliers. |