SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES In the first quarter of 2020, The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”) which requires an entity to estimate its lifetime “expected credit loss” and record an allowance that, when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, presents the net amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. ASU 2016-13 was effective for public business entities for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The financial assets included in the captions “Reinsurance balances receivable”, “Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable” (collectively, “Reinsurance Assets”) and “Notes receivable”, in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are carried at amortized cost and therefore affected by ASU 2016-13. Other than the changes relating to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, there have been no other changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances to collateralize regulatory trusts and letters of credit issued to cedents (see Note 11). The following table reconciles the cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the total presented in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows: June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 ($ in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 7,318 $ 25,813 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 731,292 742,093 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash presented in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows $ 738,610 $ 767,906 Reinsurance Assets Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company calculated an allowance for expected credit losses for its reinsurance balances receivable and loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable by applying a Probability of Default (“PD”) / Loss Given Default (“LGD”) model that considers both the Company’s collectibility history on its reinsurance assets as well as representative external loss history. The external loss history that the Company used included a long-term probability of liquidation study specific to insurance companies. Additionally, the life of each of the Company’s reinsurance treaties was also considered as the probability of default was calculated over the contractual length of the reinsurance contracts. The credit worthiness of a counterparty is evaluated by considering the credit ratings assigned by independent agencies and individually evaluating all the counterparties. The Company manages its credit risk in its reinsurance assets by transacting with insurers and reinsurers that it considers financially sound. For its retrocessionaire counterparties that are unrated, the Company may hold collateral in the form of funds withheld, trust accounts and/or irrevocable letters of credit. For credit risk associated with reinsurance balances receivable, the Company considers the fact that in certain instances credit risk may be reduced by the Company's right to offset loss obligations or unearned premiums against premiums receivable. The Company regularly evaluates its net credit exposure to assess the ability of the retrocessionaires to honor their respective obligations. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company recorded an allowance for expected credit loss on its Reinsurance Assets of $0.1 million with an offset to retained earnings. At June 30, 2020, the allowance for expected credit losses was $0.1 million. Notes Receivable Notes receivable represent promissory notes receivable from third parties. These notes are recorded at cost plus accrued interest, if any, net of valuation allowance for expected credit losses. The Company calculates the allowance for expected credit losses to provide for the risk of credit losses inherent in the lending process. Interest income, change in the allowance for expected credit losses (excluding changes due to charge-offs) and unrealized and realized gains or losses on the notes receivable are included in the caption “Net investment income (loss)” in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. The allowance for expected credit losses is calculated using a PD / LGD model that takes into account the Company’s collectibility history on its notes receivable as well as representative external loss history. The expected loss, as a percentage, is calculated as the product of the PD and LGD and is calculated for each period over the life of a note. The Company evaluates the financial condition of the notes receivable counterparties and monitors its exposure on a regular basis. At June 30, 2020, the Company considers the notes receivable balance to be collectible and has not experienced any default on payments since inception of these notes. The notes receivable originated between 2015 and 2018. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of accrued interest was included in the caption “Notes receivable” in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. When there is uncertainty as to the collection of interest contractually due, the Company places the note on non-accrual status. For notes receivable placed on non-accrual status, the notes are presented excluding any accrued interest amount. The Company resumes the accrual of interest on a note when none of the principal or interest remains past due, and the Company expects to collect the remaining contractual principal and interest. Interest collected on notes that are placed on non-accrual status is recorded as interest income when collected, provided that the recorded value of the note is deemed to be fully collectible. Where doubt exists as to the collectibility of the remaining recorded value of the notes placed on non-accrual status, the Company immediately reverses any previous accrued interest through interest income and any payments received are applied to reduce the recorded value of the notes. The allowance for expected credit losses for notes receivable is calculated on the amortized cost excluding accrued interest and interest written off due to non-accrual status. Charge offs of notes receivable are recorded when all or a portion of the financial asset is deemed uncollectible. Full or partial charge offs are recorded as reductions to the amortized cost and deducted from the allowance in the period in which the note receivable is deemed uncollectible. In instances where the Company collects cash that it has previously charged off, the recovery will be recognized through earnings or as a reduction of the amortized cost for interest and principal, respectively. The following table provides a roll-forward of the Company’s allowance for credit losses on notes receivable: Six months ended June 30 2020 2019 ($ in thousands) Balance at beginning of period $ 15,000 $ 9,012 Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-13 at January 1, 2020 750 — Charge offs (15,000) — Net increase (decrease) in allowance 250 — Balance at end of period $ 1,000 $ 9,012 Deposit Assets and Liabilities The Company applies deposit accounting to reinsurance contracts that do not transfer sufficient insurance risk to merit reinsurance accounting. Under deposit accounting, an asset or liability is recognized based on the consideration paid or received. The deposit asset or liability balance is subsequently adjusted using the interest method with a corresponding income or expense recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations under the caption “Other income (expense)”. The Company’s deposit assets and liabilities are recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets in the caption “Reinsurance balances receivable” and “Reinsurance balances payable,” respectively. At June 30, 2020, deposit assets and deposit liabilities were $4.7 million and $47.9 million, respectively (December 31, 2019: $5.2 million and $56.9 million, respectively). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the interest income/(expense) on deposit accounted contracts was as follows: Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2020 2019 2020 2019 ($ in thousands) ($ in thousands) Deposit interest income $ 645 $ 1,697 $ 1,252 $ 2,745 Deposit interest expense $ — $ (705) $ — $ (753) Deposit interest income/(expense), net $ 645 $ 992 $ 1,252 $ 1,992 Other Assets Other assets consist primarily of prepaid expenses, fixed assets, right-of-use lease assets, other receivables and deferred tax assets. Other Liabilities Other liabilities consist primarily of accruals for legal and other professional fees, employee bonuses and lease liabilities. Earnings (Loss) Per Share The Company’s unvested restricted stock awards, which contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid, are considered “participating securities” for the purposes of calculating earnings (loss) per share. Basic earnings per share is calculated on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares and participating securities outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (or loss) per share includes the dilutive effect of the following: • Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) issued that would convert to common shares upon vesting; • additional potential common shares issuable when stock options are exercised, determined using the treasury stock method; and • those common shares with the potential to be issued by virtue of convertible debt and other such convertible instruments, determined using the treasury stock method. Diluted earnings (or loss) per share contemplates a conversion to common shares of all convertible instruments only if they are dilutive in nature with regards to earnings per share. In the event of a net loss, all RSUs, stock options outstanding, convertible debt and participating securities are excluded from the calculation of both basic and diluted loss per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. The table below presents the shares outstanding for the purposes of the calculation of earnings (loss) per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019: Three months ended June 30 Six months ended June 30 2020 2019 2020 2019 Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 35,776,736 36,100,665 35,958,965 36,037,177 Effect of dilutive employee and director share-based awards — 729,298 — 555,141 Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 35,776,736 36,829,963 35,958,965 36,592,318 Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding 875,627 935,627 875,627 935,627 Participating securities excluded from calculation of loss per share 1,259,173 — 1,259,173 — Taxation Under current Cayman Islands law, no corporate entity, including GLRE and Greenlight Re, is obligated to pay taxes in the Cayman Islands on either income or capital gains. The Company has an undertaking from the Governor-in-Cabinet of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the provisions of the Tax Concessions Law, as amended, that, in the event that the Cayman Islands enacts any legislation that imposes tax on profits, income, gains or appreciations, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, such tax will not be applicable to GLRE, Greenlight Re nor their respective operations, or to the Class A or Class B ordinary shares or related obligations, before February 1, 2025. Verdant is incorporated in Delaware and therefore is subject to taxes in accordance with the U.S. federal rates and regulations prescribed by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). Verdant’s taxable income is generally expected to be taxed at a marginal rate of 21% (2019: 21%). Verdant’s tax years 2014 and beyond remain open and subject to examination by the IRS. GRIL is incorporated in Ireland and therefore is subject to the Irish corporation tax rate of 12.5% on its trading income, and 25% on its non-trading income. The Company records a valuation allowance to the extent that the Company considers it more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized in the future. Other than this valuation allowance, the Company has not taken any income tax positions that are subject to significant uncertainty that is reasonably likely to have a material impact on the Company. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued Accounting Standards Adopted As discussed above, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 during the first quarter of 2020 using a modified retrospective transition method. The adoption resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of $0.9 million as of January 1, 2020. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, Investments-Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2020-01”). The amendments in ASU 2020-01 clarify certain interactions between the guidance to account for certain equity securities under Topic 321, the guidance to account for investments under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323, and the guidance in Topic 815, which could change how an entity accounts for an equity security under the measurement alternative or a forward contract or purchased option to purchase securities that, upon settlement of the forward contract or exercise of the purchased option, would be accounted for under the equity method of accounting or the fair value option in accordance with Topic 825, Financial Instruments. These amendments improve current GAAP by reducing diversity in practice and increasing comparability of the accounting for these interactions. ASU 2020-01 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2020-01 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |