Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements | ' |
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements |
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include such items as purchase price allocation for real estate acquisitions, impairment of long-lived assets, depreciation and amortization, and allowance for doubtful accounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation | ' |
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation |
Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of other subsidiaries over which we have control. All inter-company transactions, balances, and profits have been eliminated in consolidation. Interests in entities acquired will be evaluated based on applicable GAAP, which includes the requirement to consolidate entities deemed to be variable interest entities ("VIE") in which we are the primary beneficiary. If the interest in the entity is determined not to be a VIE, then the entity will be evaluated for consolidation based on legal form, economic substance, and the extent to which we have control and/or substantive participating rights under the respective ownership agreement. For entities in which we have less than a controlling interest or entities which we are not deemed to be the primary beneficiary, we account for the investment using the equity method of accounting. |
There are judgments and estimates involved in determining if an entity in which we have made an investment is a VIE and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. The entity is evaluated to determine if it is a VIE by, among other things, calculating the percentage of equity being risked compared to the total equity of the entity. Determining expected future losses involves assumptions of various possibilities of the results of future operations of the entity, assigning a probability to each possibility and using a discount rate to determine the net present value of those future losses. A change in the judgments, assumptions and estimates outlined above could result in consolidating an entity that should not be consolidated or accounting for an investment using the equity method that should in fact be consolidated, the effects of which could be material to our financial statements. |
Real Estate | ' |
Real Estate |
Upon the acquisition of real estate properties, we recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest as of the acquisition date, measured at their fair values. The acquisition date is the date on which we obtain control of the real estate property. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed may consist of land, inclusive of associated rights, buildings, assumed debt, identified intangible assets and liabilities and asset retirement obligations. Identified intangible assets generally consist of above-market leases, in-place leases, in-place tenant improvements, in-place leasing commissions and tenant relationships. Identified intangible liabilities generally consist of below market leases. Goodwill is recognized as of the acquisition date and measured as the aggregate fair value of the consideration transferred and any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Likewise, a bargain purchase gain is recognized in current earnings when the aggregate fair value of the consideration transferred and any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree is less than the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Acquisition-related costs are expensed in the period incurred. Initial valuations are subject to change until our information is finalized, which is no later than twelve months from the acquisition date. |
The fair value of the tangible assets acquired, consisting of land and buildings, is determined by valuing the property as if it were vacant, and the "as-if-vacant" value is then allocated to land and buildings. Land values are derived from appraisals, and building values are calculated as replacement cost less depreciation or management's estimates of the fair value of these assets using discounted cash flow analyses or similar methods believed to be used by market participants. The value of buildings is depreciated over the estimated useful life of 25 years using the straight-line method. |
We determine the fair value of assumed debt by calculating the net present value of the scheduled mortgage payments using interest rates for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities that management believes we could obtain at the date of the debt assumption. Any difference between the fair value and stated value of the assumed debt is recorded as a discount or premium and amortized over the remaining life of the loan using the effective interest method. |
We determine the value of above-market and below-market leases for acquired properties based on the present value (using an interest rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (2) management's estimate of current market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to (a) the remaining non-cancelable lease term for above-market leases, or (b) the remaining non-cancelable lease term plus any below-market fixed rate renewal options that, based on a qualitative assessment of several factors, including the financial condition of the lessee, the business conditions in the industry in which the lessee operates, the economic conditions in the area in which the property is located, and the ability of the lessee to sublease the property during the renewal term, are reasonably assured to be exercised by the lessee for below-market leases. We record the fair value of above-market and below-market leases as intangible assets or intangible liabilities, respectively, and amortize them as an adjustment to rental income over the determined lease term. |
The total value of identified real estate intangible assets acquired is further allocated to in-place leases, in-place tenant improvements, in-place leasing commissions and tenant relationships based on our evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease and our overall relationship with that respective tenant. The aggregate value for tenant improvements and leasing commissions is based on estimates of these costs incurred at inception of the acquired leases, amortized through the date of acquisition. The aggregate value of in-place leases acquired and tenant relationships is determined by applying a fair value model. The estimates of fair value of in-place leases include an estimate of carrying costs during the expected lease-up periods for the respective spaces considering current market conditions. In estimating the carrying costs that would have otherwise been incurred had the leases not been in place, we include such items as real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses as well as lost rental revenue during the expected lease-up period based on current market conditions. The estimates of the fair value of tenant relationships also include costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions, legal fees and tenant improvements as well as an estimate of the likelihood of renewal as determined by management on a tenant-by-tenant basis. |
We amortize the value of in-place leases, in-place tenant improvements and in-place leasing commissions to expense over the initial term of the respective leases. The tenant relationship values are amortized to expense over the initial term and any anticipated renewal periods, but in no event does the amortization period for intangible assets or liabilities exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building. Should a tenant terminate its lease, the unamortized portion of the acquired lease intangibles related to that tenant would be charged to expense. |
Real Estate Held for Sale | ' |
Real Estate Held for Sale |
We classify properties as held for sale when certain criteria are met, in accordance with GAAP. At that time we present the assets and obligations of the property held for sale separately in our consolidated balance sheet and we cease recording depreciation and amortization expense related to that property. Properties held for sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell. We had no property classified as held for sale at December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
We consider investments in highly liquid money market funds or investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents reported on the balance sheet approximates fair value. |
Restricted Cash | ' |
Restricted Cash |
As required by our lenders, restricted cash is held in escrow accounts for anticipated capital expenditures, real estate taxes and other reserves for our consolidated properties. Capital reserves are typically utilized for non-operating expenses such as tenant improvements, leasing commissions and major capital expenditures. Alternatively, a lender may require its own formula for an escrow of capital reserves. |
Investment Impairment | ' |
Investment Impairment |
For all of our real estate and real estate related investments, we monitor events and changes in circumstances indicating that the carrying amounts of the real estate assets may not be recoverable. Examples of the types of events and circumstances that would cause management to assess our assets for potential impairment include, but are not limited to: a significant decrease in the market price of an asset; a significant adverse change in the manner in which the asset is being used; an accumulation of costs in excess of the acquisition basis plus construction of the property; major vacancies and the resulting loss of revenues; natural disasters; a change in the projected holding period; and legitimate purchase offers and changes in the global and local markets or economic conditions. Our assets may at times be concentrated in limited geographic locations and, to the extent that our portfolio is concentrated in limited geographic locations, downturns specifically related to such regions may result in tenants defaulting on their lease obligations at a portion of our properties within a short time period, which may result in asset impairments. When such events or changes in circumstances are present, we assess potential impairment by comparing estimated future undiscounted operating cash flows expected to be generated over the life of the asset and from its eventual disposition to the carrying amount of the asset. These projected cash flows are prepared internally by the Advisor and reflect in place and projected leasing activity, market revenue and expense growth rates, market capitalization rates, discount rates, and changes in economic and other relevant conditions. The Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer review these projected cash flows to assure that the valuation is prepared using reasonable inputs and assumptions that are consistent with market data or with assumptions that would be used by a third-party market participant and assume the highest and best use of the investment. We consider trends, strategic decisions regarding future development plans, and other factors in our assessment of whether impairment conditions exist. In the event that the carrying amount exceeds the estimated future undiscounted operating cash flows, we recognize an impairment loss to adjust the carrying amount of the asset to estimated fair value. While we believe our estimates of future cash flows are reasonable, different assumptions regarding factors such as market rents, economic conditions, and occupancy rates could significantly affect these estimates. |
In evaluating our investments for impairment, management may use appraisals and make estimates and assumptions, including, but not limited to, the projected date of disposition of the properties, the estimated future cash flows of the properties during our ownership, and the projected sales price of each of the properties. A future change in these estimates and assumptions could result in understating or overstating the carrying value of our investments, which could be material to our financial statements. |
We also evaluate our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures at each reporting date. If we believe there is an other than temporary decline in market value, we will record an impairment charge based on these evaluations. We assess potential impairment by comparing our portion of estimated future undiscounted operating cash flows expected to be generated by the joint venture over the life of the joint venture’s assets to the carrying amount of the joint venture. In the event that the carrying amount exceeds our portion of estimated future undiscounted operating cash flows, we recognize an impairment loss to adjust the carrying amount of the joint venture to its estimated fair value. |
We believe the carrying value of our operating real estate is currently recoverable. Accordingly, there were no impairment charges for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011. However, if market conditions worsen beyond our current expectations, or if changes in our strategy significantly affect any key assumptions used in our fair value calculations, we may need to take charges in future periods for impairments related to our existing investments. Any such non-cash charges would have an adverse effect on our consolidated financial position and results of operations. |
Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Venture | ' |
Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Venture |
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We provide funding to third party developers for the acquisition, development and construction of real estate (“ADC Arrangement”). Under the ADC Arrangement, we may participate in the residual profits of the project through the sale or refinancing of the property. We evaluate this arrangement to determine if they have characteristics similar to a loan or if the characteristics are more similar to a joint venture or partnership such as participating in the risks and rewards of the project as an owner or an investment partner. When we determine that the characteristics are more similar to a jointly-owned investment or partnership, we account for the arrangement as an investment in an unconsolidated joint venture under the equity method of accounting (Note 7) or a direct investment (consolidated basis of accounting) instead of applying loan accounting. The ADC Arrangement is periodically reassessed to determine the applicable accounting treatment. |
Revenue Recognition | ' |
Revenue Recognition |
We recognize rental income generated from long-term leases of real estate assets on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective leases, including the effect of rent holidays, if any. Straight-line rental revenue of $0.4 million, $0.3 million and $0.5 million was recognized in rental revenues for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and includes amounts recognized in discontinued operations. Leases associated with our multifamily and student housing assets are generally short-term in nature. Net above market lease amortization of less than $0.1 million was recognized in rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2013. Net below market lease amortization of $0.2 million and $0.4 million was recognized in rental revenues for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. These amounts include recognition of above and below market lease amortization in discontinued operations. |
Hotel revenue is derived from the operations of the Courtyard Kauai at Coconut Beach Hotel and consists primarily of guest room, food and beverage, and other ancillary revenues such as long distance telephone service, laundry and parking. Hotel revenue is recognized as the services are rendered. |
We recognized interest income from real estate loans receivable on an accrual basis over the life of the loan using the interest method. Direct loan origination fees and origination or acquisition costs, as well as acquisition premiums or discounts, were amortized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to interest income. |
Accounts Receivable | ' |
Accounts Receivable |
Accounts receivable consist of receivables related to our consolidated properties of $3 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and includes straight-line rental revenue receivables of $1 million and $1.2 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets | ' |
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets |
Prepaid expenses and other assets of $1.2 million and $1.8 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, include prepaid directors' and officers' insurance, as well as prepaid insurance of our consolidated properties. |
Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment | ' |
Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment |
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment are recorded at cost and are depreciated according to the Company’s capitalization policy which uses the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives of five to seven years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Accumulated depreciation associated with our furniture, fixtures, and equipment was $4.2 million and $2.3 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Deferred Financing Fees | ' |
Deferred Financing Fees |
Deferred financing fees are recorded at cost and are amortized to interest expense of our notes payable using a straight-line method that approximates the effective interest method over the life of the related debt. Accumulated amortization of deferred financing fees was $1.8 million and $1.4 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Derivative Financial Instruments | ' |
Derivative Financial Instruments |
Our objective in using derivatives is to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks and to minimize the variability caused by foreign currency translation risk related to our net investment in foreign real estate. To accomplish these objectives, we use various types of derivative instruments to manage fluctuations in cash flows resulting from interest rate risk attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate of LIBOR. These instruments include LIBOR-based interest rate swaps and caps. For our net investments in foreign real estate, we may use foreign exchange put/call options to eliminate the impact of foreign currency exchange movements on our financial position. |
We measure our derivative instruments and hedging activities at fair value and record them as an asset or liability, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Changes in fair value of derivative instruments not designated as hedges are recognized in earnings in the affected period. |
As of December 31, 2013, we do not have any derivatives designated as net investment hedges, fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. No derivatives were being used for trading or speculative purposes. See Notes 4 and 11 for further information regarding our derivative financial instruments. |
Organization and Offering Expenses | ' |
Organization and Offering Expenses |
We reimbursed the Advisor and its affiliates for organization and offering expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) incurred on our behalf in connection with the primary offering component of the Offerings. The total we were required to remit to the Advisor for organization and offering expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) was limited to 1.5% of the gross proceeds raised in the completed primary offering components of the Offerings as determined upon completion of the Offerings. The Advisor or its affiliates determined the amount of organization and offering expenses owed based on specific invoice identification, as well as an allocation of costs to us and other Behringer programs, based on respective equity offering results of those entities in offering. |
The Advisor was required to reimburse us to the extent that the total amount spent on organization and offering expenses (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) in the Offerings exceeded 1.5% of the gross proceeds raised in the primary component of the Offerings. Based on the gross proceeds from our Offerings, we recorded a receivable from the Advisor for approximately $3.8 million of organization and offering expenses that were previously reimbursed to the Advisor. The receivable of $3.8 million was presented net of other payables of $0.5 million to the Advisor on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012. We received payment of $3.8 million from the Advisor for this receivable in March 2013. |
Organization and offering expenses are defined generally as any and all costs and expenses incurred by us in connection with our formation, preparing for the Offerings, the qualification and registration of the Offerings, and the marketing and distribution of our shares. Organization and offering expenses include, but are not limited to, accounting and legal fees; costs to amend the registration statement and supplement the prospectus; printing, mailing and distribution costs; filing fees; amounts to reimburse our Advisor or its affiliates for the salaries of employees; and other costs in connection with preparing supplemental sales literature; telecommunication costs; fees of the transfer agent, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositories and experts; and fees and costs for employees of our Advisor or its affiliates to attend industry conferences. |
All offering costs were recorded as an offset to additional paid-in capital, and all organization costs were recorded as an expense at the time we became liable for the payment of these amounts. |
Income Taxes | ' |
Income Taxes |
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and have qualified as a REIT since the year ended December 31, 2008. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax at the corporate level. We are organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code and intend to continue to operate in such a manner, but no assurance can be given that we will operate in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. Taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through a taxable REIT subsidiary ("TRS") is subject to applicable federal, state, and local income and margin taxes. We have no taxable income associated with a TRS. Our operating partnerships are flow-through entities and are not subject to federal income taxes at the entity level. |
Foreign Currency Translation | ' |
Foreign Currency Translation |
For our international investments where the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are translated using period-end exchange rates, while the statement of operations amounts are translated using the average exchange rates for the respective period. Gains and losses resulting from the change in exchange rates from period to period are reported separately as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI"). Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). |
The Euro is the functional currency for the operations of Holstenplatz and Alte Jakobstraße. We also maintain a Euro-denominated bank account that is translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate at each reporting period. As of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, the foreign currency translation adjustment was a gain of $0.3 million, a gain of less than $0.1 million and a loss of less than $0.1 million, respectively. |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ' |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Items of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) consist of gains and losses affecting equity that are excluded from net income (loss) under GAAP. The components of OCI consist of cumulative foreign currency translation gains and losses and the unrealized gain on derivative instruments. |
Stock-Based Compensation | ' |
Stock-Based Compensation |
We have adopted a stock-based incentive award plan for our directors and consultants and for employees, directors and consultants of our affiliates. We have not issued any stock-based awards under the plan as of December 31, 2013. |
Concentration of Credit Risk | ' |
Concentration of Credit Risk |
At December 31, 2013 and 2012, we had cash and cash equivalents deposited in certain financial institutions in excess of federally insured levels. We have diversified our cash and cash equivalents among several banking institutions in an attempt to minimize exposure to any one of these entities. We regularly monitor the financial stability of these financial institutions and believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk in cash and cash equivalents or restricted cash. |
Geographic Concentration |
At any one time, a significant portion of our investments could be in one property class or concentrated in one or several geographic regions that are subject to higher risk of foreclosure. To the extent that our portfolio is concentrated in limited geographic regions, types of assets, industries or business sectors, downturns relating generally to such region, type of asset, industry or business sector may result in defaults on a number of our investments within a short time period, which may reduce our net income and the value of our common stock and accordingly limit our ability to fund our operations. |
Noncontrolling Interest | ' |
Noncontrolling Interest |
Noncontrolling interest represents the noncontrolling ownership interest’s proportionate share of the equity in our consolidated real estate investments. Income and losses are allocated to noncontrolling interest holders based generally on their ownership percentage. In certain instances, our joint venture agreement provides for liquidating distributions based on achieving certain return metrics (“promoted interest”). If a property reaches a defined return threshold, then it will result in distributions to noncontrolling interest which is different from the standard pro-rata allocation percentage. |
Earnings per Share | ' |
Earnings per Share |
Net income (loss) per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. The weighted average shares outstanding used to calculate both basic and diluted income (loss) per share were the same for each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, as there were no potentially dilutive securities outstanding. |
Reclassification | ' |
Reclassification |
To conform to the current year presentation, which presents hotel operating expense as a separate component of property operating expense on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, we reclassified $10 million and $7.7 million from property operating expense to hotel operating expense for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
Reportable Segments | ' |
Reportable Segments |
GAAP establishes standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about an enterprise's reportable segments. We have determined that we have one reportable segment, with activities related to the ownership, development and management of real estate assets. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates operating performance on an individual property level. Therefore, our properties are aggregated into one reportable segment. |
Subsequent Events | ' |
Subsequent Events |
We have evaluated subsequent events for recognition or disclosure in our consolidated financial statements and noted no subsequent events that would require adjustment to the consolidated financial statements or additional disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. |