ShoreTel (SHOR) 10-Q 2017 Q3 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark one)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to

Commission File Number 001-33506

SHORETEL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	77-0443568
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

960 Stewart Drive, Sunnyvale, California	94085-3913
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(408) 331-3300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No   ☒

As of April 27, 2017, 68,275,244 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

SHORETEL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q for the Quarter Ended March 31, 2017

INDEX

		Page
PART I: Financial Information
Item 1	Financial Statements	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	21
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	34
PART II: Other Information
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	34
Item 1A	Risk Factors	34
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34
Item 3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	34
Item 4	Mine Safety Disclosures	34
Item 5	Other Information	34
Item 6	Exhibits	34
	Signatures	35
	Exhibit Index	36

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM1: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SHORETEL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	March 31, 2017			June 30, 2016
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56,672		$	61,726
Short-term investments		48,246			46,433
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $625 and $678 as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, respectively		26,524			32,902
Inventories		14,044			12,488
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		13,357			13,420
Total current assets		158,843			166,969
Property and equipment, net		20,550			21,551
Goodwill		129,449			129,449
Intangible assets, net		13,510			18,788
Other assets		5,712			5,581
Total assets	$	328,064		$	342,338
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	15,854		$	14,932
Accrued liabilities and other		13,627			20,397
Accrued employee compensation		12,808			18,925
Accrued taxes and surcharges		3,587			3,917
Deferred revenue		59,050			56,765
Total current liabilities		104,926			114,936
Long-term deferred revenue		20,696			20,940
Other long-term liabilities		3,331			3,733
Total liabilities		128,953			139,609
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $.001 per share, authorized 5,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding		-			-
Common stock and additional paid-in capital, par value $.001 per share, authorized 500,000; 68,738 shares issued and 68,272 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and 67,517 shares issued and 67,391 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2016		390,132			379,871
Treasury stock, at cost		(3,117	)		(819	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(58	)		36
Accumulated deficit		(187,846	)		(176,359	)
Total stockholders’ equity		199,111			202,729
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	328,064		$	342,338

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

3

SHORETEL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Revenue:
Hosted and related services	$	38,272		$	32,768		$	110,588		$	92,654
Product		30,535			33,919			94,664			116,500
Support and services		18,923			18,549			56,786			56,538
Total revenue		87,730			85,236			262,038			265,692
Cost of revenue:
Hosted and related services		17,381			16,582			52,173			44,528
Product		9,958			11,164			30,950			38,337
Support and services		4,169			5,054			12,866			14,494
Total cost of revenue		31,508			32,800			95,989			97,359
Gross profit		56,222			52,436			166,049			168,333
Operating expenses:
Research and development		17,122			16,504			49,895			44,134
Sales and marketing		31,598			32,537			94,735			93,652
General and administrative		11,080			11,277			32,642			31,095
Acquisition related costs		-			822			-			1,356
Settlements and defense fees		(19	)		-			(30	)		-
Total operating expenses		59,781			61,140			177,242			170,237
Loss from operations		(3,559	)		(8,704	)		(11,193	)		(1,904	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense		(115	)		(114	)		(342	)		(353	)
Interest income and other (expense), net		893			(162	)		566			(1,298	)
Total other expense		778			(276	)		224			(1,651	)
Loss before provision for (benefit from) income taxes		(2,781	)		(8,980	)		(10,969	)		(3,555	)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		159			(273	)		518			493
Net loss	$	(2,940	)	$	(8,707	)	$	(11,487	)	$	(4,048	)
Net loss per share - basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.13	)	$	(0.17	)	$	(0.06	)
Shares used in computing net loss per share - basic and diluted		68,235			66,886			67,960			66,109

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4

SHORETEL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Net loss	$	(2,940	)	$	(8,707	)	$	(11,487	)	$	(4,048	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized gain (loss) on short-term investments		12			23			(94	)		(2	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:		12			23			(94	)		(2	)
Comprehensive loss	$	(2,928	)	$	(8,684	)	$	(11,581	)	$	(4,050	)

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

5

SHORETEL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss	$	(11,487	)	$	(4,048	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		15,989			15,094
Stock-based compensation expense		7,687			6,861
Amortization of premium on investments		290			105
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		20			6
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable		110			151
Gain on non-marketable investments		(920	)		-
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of the effect of business acquisitions:
Accounts receivable		6,268			11,396
Inventories		(1,668	)		(6	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		206			302
Other assets		(449	)		97
Accounts payable		646			(1,360	)
Accrued liabilities and other		(7,588	)		(2,252	)
Accrued employee compensation		(6,117	)		2,152
Accrued taxes and surcharges		(330	)		(5,782	)
Deferred revenue		2,041			2,596
Net cash provided by operating activities		4,698			25,312
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITES:
Purchases of property and equipment		(8,887	)		(8,103	)
Purchases of investments		(21,369	)		(12,915	)
Proceeds from sales/maturities of investments		19,172			7,564
Cost of acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired		-			(14,322	)
Proceeds from sales/maturities of non-marketable investments		1,074			-
Net cash used in investing activities		(10,010	)		(27,776	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		4,054			8,283
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of vested and released restricted stock units		(1,480	)		(1,122	)
Repurchases of common stock		(2,298	)		-
Payments made under capital leases		(18	)		(94	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		258			7,067
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(5,054	)		4,603
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - Beginning of period		61,726			82,162
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - End of period	$	56,672		$	86,765
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURE:
Cash paid for interest	$	12		$	18
Cash paid for taxes	$	758		$	996
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Unpaid portion of property and equipment and intangible assets purchases included in period-end liabilities	$	1,568		$	205

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

6

SHORETEL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business

ShoreTel, Inc. was incorporated in California on September 17, 1996 and reincorporated in Delaware on June 22, 2007. ShoreTel, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“the Company”) provides businesses with communication solutions, comprised of integrated voice, video, data and mobile applications based on Internet Protocol (“IP”) technologies, that make interactions simple. The Company focuses on the small and medium sized businesses seeking Unified Communications (“UC”) solutions in the cloud, onsite or a hybrid of both, giving customers the freedom to choose the best fit for their business needs now and in the future.

2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2017, and for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2016 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2016. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full fiscal year or any future periods.

Computation of Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is determined by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is determined by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares used in the basic loss per share calculation plus the number of common shares that would be issued assuming conversion of all potentially dilutive securities outstanding under the treasury stock method. Dilutive securities of 5.4 million weighted shares and 5.1 million weighted shares were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, respectively, because such securities were anti-dilutive. Dilutive securities of 3.4 million weighted shares and 5.3 million weighted shares were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2016, respectively because such securities were anti-dilutive.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. As of March 31, 2017, all of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were managed by multiple financial institutions. Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are derived from revenue earned from customers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses. Accounts receivable from one value-added distributor accounted for 43% of total accounts receivable at March 31, 2017. At June 30, 2016, the same value-added distributor accounted for 42% of the total accounts receivable.

Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016.

7

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-03, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the September 22, 2017 and November 17, 2016 EITF Meetings, which responds to SEC staff announcements made in 2016 as it relates to the disclosure of the future impact of the effects of the new FASB guidance on revenue, leases and credit losses on financial instruments. This accounting guidance was effective upon issuance in January 2017. As of January 1, 2017, the Company has adopted ASU 2017-03 and has made the required disclosures within this section of the Form 10-Q.

Recent Accounting Standards or Updates Not Yet Effective

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-9 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) - an accounting standard that supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition.  The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. New disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers are also required. From August 2015 through December 2016, the FASB issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance within ASU 2015-14, ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-11, ASU 2016-12 and ASU 2016-20. These amendments are intended to improve and clarify the implementation guidance of Topic 606. This accounting guidance is effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017; early adoption is permitted for periods beginning after December 15, 2016. This guidance may be applied retrospectively (a) to each reporting period presented or (b) with the cumulative effect in retained earnings at the beginning of the adoption period. The Company continues evaluating the method of adoption and the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. Under this ASU, inventory will be measured at the “lower of cost and net realizable value” and options that currently exist for “market value” will be eliminated. The ASU defines net realizable value as the “estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation.” No other changes were made to the current guidance on inventory measurement. This accounting guidance is effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes the lease accounting requirements in Topic 840. This ASU requires a dual approach for lessee accounting under which a lessee would account for leases as finance leases or operating leases. Both finance leases and operating leases will result in the lessee recognizing a right-of use asset and a corresponding lease liability. For finance leases, the lessee would recognize interest expense and amortization of the right-of-use asset, and for operating leases, the lessee would recognize a straight-line total lease expense. The guidance also requires qualitative and specific quantitative disclosures to supplement the amounts recorded in the financial statements so that users can understand more about the nature of an entity’s leasing activities, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. This accounting guidance is effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including certain income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This accounting guidance is effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326):  Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. Under the new guidance, an entity recognizes as an allowance its estimate of expected credit losses, which the FASB believes will result in more timely recognition of such losses. This accounting guidance is effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

8

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which addresses the appropriate cash flow classification, including requirements to allocate certain components of these cash receipts and payments among operating, investing and financing activities for certain cash receipts and cash payments. The retrospective transition method, requiring adjustment to all comparative periods presented, is required unless it is impracticable for some of the amendments, in which case those amendments would be prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. This accounting guidance is effective for financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-19, Technical Corrections and Improvements, which includes numerous technical corrections and clarifications to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) that are designed to remove inconsistencies in the board’s accounting guidance. Several provisions in this accounting guidance are effective immediately which did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Additional provisions in this accounting guidance are effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of the additional provisions in this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

 In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. The guidance is effective for annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this accounting guidance may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which provides guidance to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating the Step 2 procedure from the goodwill impairment test. An entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This accounting guidance is effective for the Company in annual financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not expect that its adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

3.Business Combinations

M5 Networks Australia Pty Ltd Acquisition

On November 16, 2015, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of M5 Networks Australia Pty Ltd. (“M5 Australia”), a privately-held company based in Australia and a provider of hosted unified communications solutions, for a total cash consideration of $6.1 million (8.5 million Australian dollars). The acquisition accelerates the Company’s growth and expansion of providing hosted unified communications services in Australia.

In accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, the acquisition of M5 Australia was recorded as a purchase acquisition. Under the purchase method of accounting, the fair value of the consideration was allocated to assets and liabilities assumed at their fair values. The excess of the fair value of consideration paid over the fair values of net assets and liabilities acquired and identifiable intangible assets resulted in recognition of goodwill of approximately $5.2 million. The goodwill consists largely of expected expansion of the customer base and market share within the Australian hosted communications industry. The goodwill recorded is not deductible for income tax purposes.

9

Purchase Price Allocation

The total purchase price was allocated to M5 Australia’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of November 16, 2015 as set forth below. The following is the purchase price allocation (in thousands):

	(in thousands)			Estimated useful lives(in years)
Cash acquired	$	224
Other current assets		386
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships		1,300			5
Goodwill		5,210
Other long-term assets		164
Other liabilities assumed		(1,174	)
	$	6,110

Corvisa LLC Acquisition

On January 6, 2016, the Company acquired all of the outstanding membership interest in Corvisa LLC (“Corvisa”), a provider of cloud-based communications solutions, for total cash consideration of $8.7 million. The acquisition accelerates the Company’s growth and expansion of its hosted unified communications service offering.

In accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, the acquisition of Corvisa was recorded as a purchase acquisition. Under the purchase method of accounting, the fair value of the consideration was allocated to assets and liabilities assumed at their fair values. The fair value of purchased identifiable intangible assets was derived from model-based valuations from significant unobservable inputs (“Level 3 inputs”) determined by management. The fair value of purchased identifiable intangible assets was determined using the Company’s discounted cash flow models from operating projections prepared by management using a market participant rate of 35.0%. The excess of the preliminary fair value of consideration paid over the preliminary fair values of net assets and liabilities acquired and identifiable intangible assets resulted in recognition of goodwill of approximately $1.5 million. The goodwill consists largely of expected expansion of the customer base and market share within hosted communications industry. The goodwill recorded is deductible for income tax purposes.

Purchase Price Allocation

The total purchase price was allocated to Corvisa’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values as of January 6, 2016 as set forth below. The following is the purchase price allocation (in thousands):

	(in thousands)			Estimated useful lives(in years)
Cash acquired	$	227
Other current assets		933
Intangible assets:
Existing technology		3,400			5
Customer relationships		100			3
Favorable leases		178			6
Goodwill		1,489
Other long-term assets		3,301
Other liabilities assumed		(966	)
	$	8,662

10

4. Balance Sheet Details

Balance sheet components consist of the following:

	March 31,			June 30,
	2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Inventories:
Raw materials	$	57		$	57
Distributor inventory		1,602			1,677
Finished goods		12,385			10,754
Total inventories	$	14,044		$	12,488
Property and equipment:
Computer equipment and tooling	$	36,700		$	33,739
Customer premise equipment		21,238			17,194
Software		7,945			7,328
Furniture and fixtures		3,836			3,880
Leasehold improvements and others		9,516			8,836
Total property and equipment		79,235			70,977
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(58,685	)		(49,426	)
Property and equipment, net	$	20,550		$	21,551
Deferred revenue:
Product	$	5,314		$	5,433
Support and services		60,097			59,465
Hosted and related services		14,335			12,807
Total deferred revenue	$	79,746		$	77,705

Depreciation expense for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $3.1 million. Depreciation expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $9.7 million and $8.8 million, respectively.

Intangible Assets:

Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017							June 30, 2016
	Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization			NetCarrying  Amount		Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization			NetCarrying  Amount
Patents	$	5,296	$	(4,062	)	$	1,234	$	4,446	$	(3,919	)	$	527
Technology		31,434		(26,801	)		4,633		31,434		(23,523	)		7,911
Customer relationships		24,700		(17,198	)		7,502		24,700		(14,513	)		10,187
Intangible assets in process and other		178		(37	)		141		178		(15	)		163
Intangible assets	$	61,608	$	(48,098	)	$	13,510	$	60,758	$	(41,970	)	$	18,788

The intangible assets that are amortizable have estimated useful lives of two to eight years.

11

Amortization of intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively. Amortization of intangible assets for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $6.1 million and $6.2 million, respectively.

The estimated amortization expenses for intangible assets as of March 31, 2017 for the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending June 30,
2017 (remaining 3 months)	$	1,423
2018		5,683
2019		4,180
2020		1,437
2021		647
Thereafter		140
Total	$	13,510

Short-Term Investments:

The following tables summarize the Company’s short-term investments (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Gross  Unrealized Gains		Gross  Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Corporate bonds and commercial paper	$	21,111	$	3	$	(21	)	$	21,093
U.S. Government agency securities		27,193		-		(40	)		27,153
Total short-term investments	$	48,304	$	3	$	(61	)	$	48,246

	June 30, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross  Unrealized Gains		Gross  Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Corporate bonds and commercial paper	$	26,359	$	9	$	(5	)	$	26,363
U.S. Government agency securities		20,038		32		-			20,070
Total short-term investments	$	46,397	$	41	$	(5	)	$	46,433

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The following table summarizes the maturities of the Company’s fixed income securities (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017
	Amortized  Cost		Fair Value
Less than 1 year	$	43,206	$	43,149
Due in 1 to 3 years		5,098		5,097
Total	$	48,304	$	48,246

	June 30, 2016
	Amortized  Cost		Fair Value
Less than 1 year	$	28,107	$	28,114
Due in 1 to 3 years		18,290		18,319
Total	$	46,397	$	46,433

All available-for-sale securities have been classified as current based on management’s ability to use the funds in current operations. Actual maturities may differ from the contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay certain obligations.

5. Fair Value Disclosure

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal market (or most advantageous market, in the absence of a principal market) for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Further, entities are required to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs in measuring fair value, and to utilize a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

• Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

• Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable or are derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data by correlation or other means.

• Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, and reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

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The tables below set forth the Company’s financial instruments and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	1,089	$	1,089	$	-	$	-
Commercial paper		749		-		749		-
Short-term investments:
Corporate notes and commercial paper		21,093		-		21,093		-
U.S. Government agency securities		27,153		-		27,153		-
Total assets measured and recorded at fair value	$	50,084	$	1,089	$	48,995	$	-

The above table excludes $54.8 million of cash balances on deposit at banks.

	June 30, 2016
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2			Level 3
Assets:							��
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	3,533	$	3,533	$	-		$	-
Short-term investments:
Corporate notes and commercial paper		26,363		-		26,363			-
U.S. Government agency securities		20,070		-		20,070			-
Total assets measured and recorded at fair value	$	49,966	$	3,533	$	46,433		$	-

The above table excludes $58.2 million of cash balances on deposit at banks.

Money market funds are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices in active markets. Short-term investments are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued based on other observable inputs, including broker or dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources. When quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities are not available, the Company relies on non-binding quotes from independent pricing services. Non-binding quotes are based on proprietary valuation models prepared by independent pricing services. These models use algorithms based on inputs such as observable market data, quoted market prices for similar instruments, historical pricing trends of a security as relative to its peers, internal assumptions of the independent pricing service and statistically supported models. The Company corroborates the reasonableness of non-binding quotes received from the independent pricing service by comparing them to the (a) actual experience gained from the purchases and redemption of investment securities, (b) quotes received on similar securities obtained when purchasing securities and (c) monitoring changes in ratings of similar securities and the related impact on the fair value. The types of instruments valued based on other observable inputs include U.S. government agency securities, corporate notes and commercial paper. The Company reviewed financial and non-financial assets and liabilities and concluded that there were no other-than-temporary impairment charges during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. The Company reviews the fair value hierarchy on a quarterly basis. Changes in the ability to observe valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of levels of certain securities within the fair value hierarchy. The Company recognizes transfers into and out of levels within the fair value hierarchy as of the date in which the actual event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer occurs. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy for any of the periods presented.

Assets and Liabilities That Are Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Non-financial assets such as goodwill, intangible assets, and property, plant, and equipment are evaluated for impairment and adjusted to fair value using Level 3 inputs, only when impairment is recognized. Fair values are considered Level 3 when management makes significant assumptions in developing a discounted cash flow model based upon a number of considerations including projections of revenues, earnings and a discount rate. In addition, in evaluating the fair value of goodwill impairment, further corroboration is obtained using the Company’s market capitalization. There were no indicators of impairment during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 that required a nonrecurring fair value analysis to be performed on non-financial assets.

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6. Line of Credit

On October 22, 2014, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement which was further amended on December 1, 2014 and again on August 5, 2015 (“Credit Facility”). This Credit Facility replaces the Company’s previous credit facility. The Credit Facility includes a revolving loan facility for an aggregate principal amount not exceeding $100.0 million. The Credit Facility matures on October 22, 2019 and is payable in full upon maturity. The amounts borrowed and repaid under the Credit Facility are available for future borrowings.  The borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest (at the election of the Company) either at (i) the London interbank offered rate then in effect, plus a margin of between 1.50% and 2.25%, which is based on the Company’s consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Facility), or (ii) the higher of (a) the bank’s publicly-announced prime rate then in effect and (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, in each case of (a) or (b), plus a margin of between 0.00% and 0.50%, which will be based upon the Company’s consolidated EBITDA. The Company also pays annual commitment fees during the term of the Credit Facility which varies depending on the Company’s consolidated EBITDA. The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had $53.9 million available for borrowing under the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including compliance with financial ratios and metrics. The Credit Facility and the related amendment requires the Company to maintain a minimum ratio of liquidity to its indebtedness (each as defined in the Credit Facility) and varying amounts of Liquidity and Consolidated EBITDA specified in the Credit Facility throughout the term of the agreement. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of March 31, 2017.

As of March 31, 2017, no amounts were outstanding under the Credit Facility. The Company amortizes deferred financing costs to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the Credit Facility.

7. Income Taxes

The Company recorded an income tax provision of $0.2 million and income tax benefit of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company recorded an income tax provision of $0.5 million for the both the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The income tax provision is primarily comprised of state taxes and foreign income taxes. No income tax benefit was accrued for jurisdictions where the Company anticipates incurring a loss during the full fiscal year as the related deferred tax assets were fully offset by a valuation allowance.  The Company’s resulting effective tax rate differs from the applicable statutory rate primarily due to the valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets in select jurisdictions.

The Company maintains liabilities for uncertain tax positions. As of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $6.9 million and $6.3 million, respectively. Of the total of $6.9 million of unrecognized tax benefit as or March 31, 2017, $0.2 million, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change materially over the next 12 months.

While management believes that the Company has adequately provided for all tax positions, amounts asserted by tax authorities could be greater or less than the Company’s current position. Accordingly, the Company’s provisions for federal, state, and foreign tax related matters to be recorded in the future may change as revised estimates are made or as the underlying matters are settled or otherwise resolved.

The Company’s primary tax jurisdiction is in the United States. For federal and state tax purposes, the tax years 2002 through 2015 remain open and subject to tax examination by the appropriate federal or state taxing authorities.

8. Common Stock

Common Shares Reserved for Issuance

At March 31, 2017, the Company has reserved shares of common stock for issuance as follows (in thousands):

Reserved under stock option plans	3,944
Reserved under employee stock purchase plan	3,500
Total	7,444

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9. Stock-Based Compensation

The following table shows total non-cash stock-based compensation expense included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operation for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Cost of hosted and related services revenue	$	63	$	288	$	200	$	955
Cost of product revenue		10		12		44		53
Cost of support and services revenue		80		121		294		468
Research and development		550		439		1,738		1,359
Sales and marketing		650		572		2,272		2,003
General and administrative		841		497		3,139		2,023
Total	$	2,194	$	1,929	$	7,687	$	6,861

The Company estimated the grant date fair value of stock option awards and purchase rights under the 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2007 ESPP”) rights using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Expected life from grant date of option (in years)		5.17			5.09			5.15 - 5.17			5.09 - 5.13
Expected life from grant date of ESPP (in years)		0.33			0.50			0.33 - 0.50			0.50
Risk free interest rate for options		1.94	%		1.37	%		1.13% - 1.94	%		1.37% - 1.59	%
Risk free interest rate for ESPP		0.72	%		0.41	%		0.40% - 0.72	%		0.14% - 0.41	%
Expected volatility for options		41	%		47	%		41% - 45	%		47% - 48	%
Expected volatility for ESPP		33	%		29	%		33% - 37	%		29% - 35	%
Expected dividend yield		0	%		0	%		0	%		0	%

Compensation expense is recognized only for the portion of stock options that are expected to vest, assuming an expected forfeiture rate in determining stock-based compensation expense, which could affect the stock-based compensation expense recorded if there is a significant difference between actual and estimated forfeiture rates. As of March 31, 2017, total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock-based options and awards granted to employees and non-employee directors was $9.9 million. This cost will be amortized on a ratable basis over a weighted-average vesting period of approximately 2.7 years.

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10. Stock Option Plan

Transactions under the Company’s equity incentive plans are summarized as follows (in thousands, except per share data and contractual term):

	Options Outstanding
	Shares Subject to Options Outstanding			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance at July 1, 2016		6,268		$	6.31
Options granted (weighted average fair value $3.22 per share)		1,485			7.93
Options exercised		(432	)		4.95
Options cancelled/forfeited		(409	)		7.03
Balance at March 31, 2017		6,912		$	6.70		6.80	$	3,254
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2017		5,937		$	6.55		6.46	$	3,243
Options exercisable at March 31, 2017		4,032		$	6.15		5.46	$	3,099

The total pre-tax intrinsic value for options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and $1.2 million and $4.7 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, representing the difference between the fair values of the Company’s common stock underlying these options at the dates of exercise and the exercise prices paid.

11. Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On November 9, 2016, the 2016 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2016 ESPP”) was approved by stockholders. The 2016 ESPP is the successor to the 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2007 ESPP”) which terminated automatically in October 2016. A total of 3.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock were reserved for issuance under the 2016 ESPP. The 2016 ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount through payroll deductions. Offering periods are six-months long commencing on May 1^st and November 1^st, each year, and employees are able to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a purchase price of the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first day of an offering period or on the purchase date (the last day of the applicable offering period).

The terms of the 2007 ESPP were substantially the same as the terms of the 2016 ESPP as explained in the paragraph above.

12. Restricted Stock

Under the Company’s equity incentive plan, during the nine months ended March 31, 2016 the Company issued fully vested restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) to certain non-employee directors electing to receive them in lieu of an annual cash retainer. In addition, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) can be issued to eligible employees.

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RSA and RSU activity for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Beginning outstanding		1,927			1,452
Awarded		1,241			1,199
Released		(601	)		(493	)
Forfeited		(261	)		(153	)
Ending outstanding		2,306			2,005

Information regarding RSAs and RSUs outstanding at March 31, 2017 is summarized below:

	Number of Shares (thousands)		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Lives		Aggregate Intrinsic Value(thousands)
Shares outstanding		2,306		1.57	$	14,183
Shares expected to vest		1,409		1.22	$	8,665

13. Treasury Stock

In May 2016, the board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $20.0 million of the Company's common stock from time to time at the discretion of the Company’s management. The stock repurchase authorization has no expiration date.

Under this program, the Company may repurchase shares in the open market and through privately negotiated transactions. Repurchases are funded with cash and cash generated from operations. The timing and amount of specific repurchase transactions will depend upon market conditions, corporate considerations and applicable legal and regulatory requirements. The Company accounts for repurchased shares of common stock as treasury stock. Treasury shares are recorded at cost and are included as a component of stockholders’ equity in our consolidated balance sheet.

A summary of the approved and active share buyback program is shown in the following table (in thousands, excluding transaction costs):

	Shares Repurchased		Average Price per Share		Value of Shares Repurchased		Remaining Amount Authorized
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Balance as of July 1, 2016							$	19,181
Repurchase of common stock		339	$	6.77	$	2,298		(2,298	)
Balance as of March 31, 2017							$	16,883

There were no share repurchases in the three or nine months ended March 31, 2016.

There were no retirements of treasury stock during the three or nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

14. Litigation, Commitments, Contingencies and Leases

Litigation — As of March 31, 2017, the Company was involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of the ordinary course of business or otherwise. Any litigation, regardless of outcome, is costly and time-consuming, can divert the attention of management and key personnel from business operations, deter distributors from selling the Company’s products and dissuade potential customers from purchasing the Company’s products. The Company defends itself vigorously against any such claims. Due to the uncertainty surrounding the litigation process, the Company is unable to estimate a range of loss, if any, at this time, however the Company does not believe a material loss is probable.

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Contingencies — During fiscal 2015 the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued a Notice of Proposed Adjustment (“NOPA”) resulting from a withholding tax audit of payments made to non-U.S. vendors during calendar years 2008 through 2012.  The NOPA asserts a liability for under-withheld taxes of approximately $2.0 million, plus related penalties and estimated interest of approximately $1.3 million. In connection with the asserted NOPA, the Company accrued $1.1 million for the liability during fiscal 2015, accrued an additional $0.1 million during fiscal 2016 and released $30,000 due to final settlement of this matter for $1.2 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2017.

Leases — The Company leases its facilities under noncancelable operating leases which expire at various times through fiscal 2023. The leases provide for the lessee to pay all costs of utilities, insurance, and taxes. Future minimum lease payments under the noncancelable operating leases as of March 31, 2017, are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending June 30,	Operating Leases
2017 (remaining 3 months)	$	1,901
2018		7,118
2019		5,678
2020		4,282
2021		2,497
Therafter		2,550
Total minimum lease payments	$	24,026

Minimum lease payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $1.6 million due in the future under a noncancelable sublease.

Lease obligations for the Company’s foreign offices are denominated in foreign currencies, which were converted in the above table to U.S. dollars at the interbank exchange rate on March 31, 2017.

Rent expense for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $1.4 million. Rent expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $4.3 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

Purchase commitments — The Company had purchase commitments with contract manufacturers for inventory and with technology firms for usage of software licenses totaling approximately $12.6 million as of March 31, 2017 and $15.4 million as of June 30, 2016.

Letters of credit — Outstanding letters of credit maintained by the Company totaled $635,000 as of March 31, 2017.

Indemnification — Under the indemnification provisions of the Company’s customer agreements, the Company agrees to indemnify and defend its customers against infringement of any patent, trademark, or copyright or the misappropriation of any trade secret, arising from the customers’ legal use of the Company’s services. The exposure to the Company under these indemnification provisions is generally limited to the total amount paid by the customers under pertinent agreements. However, certain indemnification provisions potentially expose the Company to losses in excess of the aggregate amount received from the customer.

The Company also has entered into customary indemnification agreements with each of its officers and directors.

15. Segment Information

ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments, products and services, geographic areas of operations and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker or decision making group in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is its Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The CEO reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. On this basis, the Company is organized and operates in a single segment: the design, development, marketing, and sale of enterprise communication solutions.

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Revenue by geographic region is based on the ship to address on the customer order. The following presents total revenue by geographic region (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
United States of America	$	80,713	$	78,433	$	240,181	$	243,815
International		7,017		6,803		21,857		21,877
Total	$	87,730	$	85,236	$	262,038	$	265,692

Revenue from one value-added distributor accounted for approximately 24% and 26% of the total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 24% and 26% of the total revenue during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The Company’s assets are primarily located in the United States of America and not allocated to any specific region; furthermore, the Company does not measure the performance of its geographic regions based upon asset-based metrics.

The following presents a summary of long-lived assets, excluding deferred tax assets, other assets, goodwill and intangible assets (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		June 30, 2016
United States of America	$	19,274	$	20,323
International		1,276		1,228
Total	$	20,550	$	21,551

16. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to fluctuations in interest rates and the exchange rates associated with foreign currencies. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, the Company used derivative instruments to reduce the volatility of earnings associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company used foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate the gains and losses generated from the re-measurement of certain foreign monetary assets and liabilities, primarily including cash balances, third party accounts receivable and intercompany transactions recorded on the balance sheet. These derivatives are not designated and do not qualify as hedge instruments. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of these instruments are recognized in other income and expenses during the period of change. These derivatives have maturities of approximately one month. The foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding as of March 31, 2017 were entered into by the Company on the last business day of the period. Given the relatively short duration such contracts are outstanding in relation to changes in potential market rates; the change in the fair value is not material and is not reflected either as an asset or a liability.

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The following table presents the gross notional value of all of the Company’s foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017
	Local Currency Amount		Notional Contract Amount (USD)
Australian dollar	$	1,580	$	1,188
British pound	£	1,830		2,267
Canadian dollar	$	1,190		883
Euro	€	670		711
Total			$	5,049

	June 30, 2016
	Local Currency Amount		Notional Contract Amount (USD)
Australian dollar	$	1,800	$	1,316
British pound	£	830		1,088
Canadian dollar	$	940		718
Euro	€	1,500		1,650
Total			$	4,772

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this document. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed below. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below, and those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

Overview

ShoreTel provides business with communication solutions that make interactions simple. We focus on the small and medium sized businesses seeking Unified Communications (“UC”) solutions in the cloud, onsite or a hybrid of both, giving customers the freedom to choose the best fit for their business needs now and in the future.

We provide this to the market via multiple solutions: ShoreTel Connect, our UC solution, and Contact Center offering and ShoreTel Summit, our platform for developers and integrators. ShoreTel Connect delivers a feature rich UC solution and applications such as mobility, collaboration, workgroups, video conferencing, instant messaging and file indexing. ShoreTel Connect is unique in that it offers three different delivery models including cloud, onsite and hybrid. ShoreTel Connect Cloud provides a hosted voice solution to our customers. ShoreTel Connect OnSite provides our customers the ability to independently own and operate their equipment. ShoreTel Connect Hybrid enables our customers to use both our cloud and onsite offerings while still delivering the same user experience and providing our customers increased choice and flexibility. Summit, our Communications Platform as a Service (“CPaaS”) offering, delivers the option to either deeply integrate communications into any application or workflow or to create a standalone business communications application.

We believe our solutions address changes in the UC industry being driven by both technological advances and new workplace trends. We believe some of the current factors affecting the UC industry include: the shift to consuming communications from the cloud, addressing an increasingly mobile workforce, the ongoing need for collaboration, a desire for multiple forms of communication and a need to integrate communications into workflows and applications. Our solutions are sold through our extensive network of over 1,100 authorized resellers and value-added distributors throughout the world served either by national distributors or by ShoreTel directly.

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We were originally incorporated in California in September 1996 and reincorporated in Delaware in 2007. ShoreTel is based in Sunnyvale, California, and has regional offices in North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Additionally, our cloud-based services are provided from multiple data centers located in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia.While most of our customers are located in the United States, our international sales have been relatively consistent, accounting for approximately 8% of our total revenue for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, and 8% for both the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. We expect sales to customers in the United States will continue to comprise the majority of our sales in the foreseeable future.

Key Business Metrics

We monitor a number of key metrics to help forecast growth, establish budgets, measure the effectiveness of sales and marketing efforts and measure operational effectiveness.

Deferred revenue. Deferred revenue relates to the timing of revenue recognition for specific transactions based on delivery of service, support, specific commitments, product and services delivered to our value-added distributors that have not been delivered or sold through to resellers, and other factors. Deferred revenue primarily consists of billings or payments received in advance of revenue recognition from our transactions and are recognized as the revenue recognition criteria are met. Nearly all of our premise system sales include the purchase of post-contractual support contracts with terms of up to five years, and our renewal rates on these contracts have been high historically. We recognize support revenue on a ratable basis over the term of the support contract. Since we receive payment for support in advance of recognizing the related revenue, we carry a deferred revenue balance on our consolidated balance sheet. Almost all of our hosted services are billed a month in advance. Billings that are collected before the service is delivered are included in the deferred revenue balance on our consolidated balance sheet. These amounts are recognized as revenue as the services are delivered. Our deferred revenue balance at March 31, 2017 was $79.7 million, of which $59.1 million is expected to be recognized within one year.

Gross margin. Our gross margin for hosted and related services is affected primarily by the reselling of broadband circuits to customers, employee-related expense, data communication cost, data center costs, carrier cost, telecom taxes, and intangible asset amortization expense. We expect that with the growth in hosted and related services revenue, this may reflect improvement due to economies of scale, synergies and other cost reductions in our service delivery model.

Gross margins for products are primarily affected by our ability to reduce hardware costs faster than the decline in average overall system sales prices. We strive to increase our product gross margin by reducing hardware costs through product redesign and volume discount pricing from our suppliers. In general, product gross margin on our switches is greater than product gross margin on our IP phones. We consider our ability to monitor and manage these factors to be a key aspect of maintaining product gross margins and increasing our profitability.

Gross margin for support and services is affected primarily by labor-related expenses. The primary goal of our support and services function is to ensure a high level of customer satisfaction and our investments in support personnel and infrastructure are made with this goal in mind. The timing of additional investments in our support and services infrastructure could materially affect our cost of support and services revenue, both in absolute dollars and as a percentage of support and services revenue and total revenue, in any particular period.

Operating expenses. Our operating expenses are comprised primarily of compensation and benefits for our employees and related expenses such as travel. Accordingly, increases in operating expenses historically have been primarily related to increases in our headcount. Our ability to forecast revenue is critical to managing our operating expenses.

Average revenue per user. We calculate the average monthly service revenue per user (“ARPU”) for our hosted and related services revenue as the average monthly revenue per customer divided by the average number of seats per customer. The average monthly revenue per customer is calculated as the monthly service revenue from customers in the period, divided by the simple average number of business customers during the period. Our ARPU includes telecommunication broadband circuits that we resell that could, as a percentage of our business, decline over time as our average customer size increases and therefore they are more likely to have their own networks already established. Our monthly ARPU was approximately $48 and $52 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Revenue churn. Revenue churn for our hosted and related services revenue is calculated by dividing the monthly recurring revenue from customers that have terminated during a period by the simple average of the total monthly recurring revenue from all customers in a given period. The effective management of the revenue churn is critical to our ability to maximize revenue growth and to maintain and improve margins. Our annualized revenue churn for customers that have terminated services was approximately 5% for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

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Basis of Presentation

Revenue. We derive our revenue from sales of our hosted and premise IP telecommunications systems and related support and services.

Hosted and related services revenue.Hosted and related services and solutions consist primarily of our proprietary hosted VoIP Unified Communications system as well as other services such as foreign and domestic calling plans, certain UC applications, internet service provisioning, regulatory and telecommunications fees, training and other professional services. Our hosted and related services are sold through indirect channel resellers and a direct sales force. Our customers enter into one to three-year service agreements whereby they are billed for such services on a monthly basis. Revenue from our hosted and related services is recognized on a monthly basis as services are delivered. Revenue associated with various calling plans and internet services are recognized as such services are provided.Hosted and related services revenues accounted for 44% and 38% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 42% and 35% of our total revenue for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We expect that hosted and related services revenue will continue to increase as a percentage of total revenue.

Product revenue. Product revenue consists of sales of our business communication systems. Our typical system includes a combination of IP phones, switches and software applications primarily for our premise-based solutions. We sell our products through channel partners that include resellers and value-added distributors. Prices to a given channel partner for hardware and software products depend on that channel partner's volume and other criteria, as well as our own strategic considerations. Product revenue has accounted for 35% and 40% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively and 36% and 44% of our total revenue for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Product revenue may continue to decline in future periods as we continue to focus a greater amount of our sales and marketing efforts to expand our hosted and related services revenue.

Support and services revenue. Support and services revenue primarily consists of post-contractual support, and to a lesser extent revenue from training services, professional services and premise-based installations that we perform. Post-contractual support includes software updates which grant rights to unspecified software license upgrades and maintenance releases issued during the support period. Post-contractual support also includes both Internet- and phone-based technical support. Revenue from post-contractual support is recognized ratably over the contractual service period. Support and services revenues accounted for 21% and 22% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 22% and 21% of our total revenue for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Support and services revenue may decline in future periods as new support contracts tied to product revenue decline primarily due to the decline in sales volume resulting from our shift in strategic focus from driving growth in product revenue to driving growth in hosted and related services revenue.

Cost of revenue.Cost of hosted and related services revenue consists of personnel and related costs of the hosted services, data center costs, data communication cost, costs of regulatory and telecommunications fees, carrier cost and amortization of intangible assets. Cost of product revenue consists primarily of hardware costs, royalties and license fees for third-party software included in our systems, salary and related overhead costs of operations personnel, freight, warranty costs and provision for excess inventory. The majority of these costs vary with the unit volumes of products sold. Cost of support and services revenue consists of salary and related overhead costs of personnel engaged in support and service.

Research and development expenses.Research and development expenses primarily include personnel costs, outside engineering costs, professional services, prototype costs, test equipment, software usage fees and facilities expenses. Research and development expenses are recognized when incurred. We have capitalized development costs incurred from determination of technological feasibility through general release of the product to customers, although capitalized development costs historically have not been significant. We are devoting substantial resources to the development of additional functionality of our solutions and the ongoing development of new product technologies and related software applications to support this solution. We intend to continue to make investments in our research and development efforts because we believe they are essential to maintaining and improving our competitive position.

Sales and marketing expenses.Sales and marketing expenses primarily include personnel costs, sales and partner commissions, travel, marketing, promotional and lead generation programs, branding and advertising, trade shows, sales demonstration equipment, professional services fees, amortization of intangible assets, and facilities expenses. We plan to continue to invest in development of our distribution channel to enable us to expand into new geographies and further increase our sales to enterprise customers. We expect that sales and marketing expenses will continue to be our largest operating expense category.

General and administrative expenses.General and administrative expenses primarily relate to our executive, finance, human resources, legal and information technology organizations. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel costs, professional fees for legal, board of directors' costs, accounting, tax, compliance and information systems, travel, recruiting expense, depreciation expense and facilities expenses.

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Acquisition related costs. Acquisition-related costs relate to legal, accounting, consulting, investment banker and other costs directly related acquisitions

Settlements and defense fees. Settlements and defense fees relate to one-time charges related to probable and estimable settlement amounts and professional fees incurred in connection with an unsolicited acquisition proposal.

Interest expense. Interest expense primarily consists of interest expense associated with the Credit Facility.

Interest income and other (expense). Interest income and other (expense) primarily consists of interest earned on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, gains and losses on foreign currency translations and transactions and other miscellaneous items affecting our operating results.

Provision for income taxes. Provision for income taxes includes federal, state and foreign taxes on our income as well as any adjustments made to our valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Since our inception, we have accumulated substantial net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. We account for income taxes under an asset and liability approach.  Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting purposes and such amounts recognized for income tax reporting purposes, net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits are measured by applying current enacted tax laws. Valuation allowances are provided when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. We consider our accounting policies related to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, goodwill and purchased-intangible assets and accounting for income and telecom taxes to be critical accounting policies. A number of significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments are inherent in our determination of when to recognize revenue, how to estimate the best evidence of selling price for revenue recognition, the calculation of stock-based compensation expense, evaluation of the potential impairment of goodwill and purchased-intangible assets and the accounting for income and telecom taxes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Management believes there have been no significant changes during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. For a description of those accounting policies, please refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth unaudited selected condensed consolidated statements of operations data for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016(in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Revenue:
Hosted and related services	$	38,272		$	32,768		$	110,588		$	92,654
Product		30,535			33,919			94,664			116,500
Support and services		18,923			18,549			56,786			56,538
Total revenue		87,730			85,236			262,038			265,692
Cost of revenue:
Hosted and related services		17,381			16,582			52,173			44,528
Product		9,958			11,164			30,950			38,337
Support and services		4,169			5,054			12,866			14,494
Total cost of revenue		31,508			32,800			95,989			97,359
Gross profit		56,222			52,436			166,049			168,333
Operating expenses:
Research and development		17,122			16,504			49,895			44,134
Sales and marketing		31,598			32,537			94,735			93,652
General and administrative		11,080			11,277			32,642			31,095
Acquisition related costs		-			822			-			1,356
Settlements and defense fees		(19	)		-			(30	)		-
Total operating expenses		59,781			61,140			177,242			170,237
Loss from operations		(3,559	)		(8,704	)		(11,193	)		(1,904	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense		(115	)		(114	)		(342	)		(353	)
Interest income and other (expense), net		893			(162	)		566			(1,298	)
Total other expense		778			(276	)		224			(1,651	)
Loss before provision for (benefit from) income taxes		(2,781	)		(8,980	)		(10,969	)		(3,555	)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		159			(273	)		518			493
Net loss	$	(2,940	)	$	(8,707	)	$	(11,487	)	$	(4,048	)
Net loss per share - basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.13	)	$	(0.17	)	$	(0.06	)
Shares used in computing net loss per share - basic and diluted		68,235			66,886			67,960			66,109

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The following table sets forth selected condensed consolidated statements of operations data as a percentage of total revenue for each of the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Revenue:
Hosted and related services		44	%		38	%		42	%		35	%
Product		35	%		40	%		36	%		44	%
Support and services		21	%		22	%		22	%		21	%
Total revenue		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%
Cost of revenue:
Hosted and related services		20	%		13	%		20	%		14	%
Product		11	%		19	%		12	%		17	%
Support and services		5	%		6	%		5	%		6	%
Total cost of revenue		36	%		38	%		37	%		37	%
Gross profit		64	%		62	%		63	%		63	%
Operating expenses:
Research and development		19	%		20	%		19	%		17	%
Sales and marketing		36	%		38	%		36	%		35	%
General and administrative		13	%		13	%		12	%		12	%
Acquisition related costs		-			1	%		-			-
Settlements and defense fees		-			-			-			-
Total operating expenses		68	%		72	%		67	%		64	%
Loss from operations		(4	%)		(10	%)		(4	%)		(1	%)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense		-			-			-			-
Interest income and other (expense), net		1	%		-			-			(1	%)
Total other expense		1	%		-			-			(1	%)
Loss before provision for (benefit from) income taxes		(3	%)		(10	%)		(4	%)		(2	%)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		-			-			-			-
Net loss		(3	%)		(10	%)		(4	%)		(2	%)

Comparison of the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016

Revenue

	Three Months Ended March 31,										Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016		Change $			Change %			2017		2016		Change $			Change %
(in thousands, except percentages)
Hosted and related services revenue	$	38,272	$	32,768	$	5,504			17	%	$	110,588	$	92,654	$	17,934			19	%
Product revenue		30,535		33,919		(3,384	)		(10	%)		94,664		116,500		(21,836	)		(19	%)
Support and services revenue		18,923		18,549		374			2	%		56,786		56,538		248			-
Total revenue	$	87,730	$	85,236	$	2,494			3	%	$	262,038	$	265,692	$	(3,654	)		(1	%)

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Total revenue increased by $2.5 million, or 3%, during the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily related to an increase in hosted and related services revenue, partially offset by a decrease in product revenue. Total revenue decreased by $3.7 million, or 1%, during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily related to a decrease in product revenue, partially offset by an increase in hosted and related services revenue. This was primarily due to a shift in our strategic focus from driving growth in product revenue to driving growth in hosted and related services revenue, which is a response to our belief that there is a shift in the Unified Communications industry from on premise solutions to cloud-based solutions. This shift in focus is reflected in the decrease in product revenue and increase in hosted and related services revenue during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017.

Hosted and related services revenue

Hosted and related services revenue increased by $5.5 million, or 17%, and by $17.9 million, or 19%, in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year. As a result of our shift in our strategic focus from driving growth in product revenue to driving growth in hosted and related services revenue, we have experienced both continued growth in our hosted customer base and the use of additional services by existing customers resulting in increased hosted and related services revenue in both the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 the increase in hosted and related services revenue was primarily due to an increase of $5.3 million in sales to new customers. During the nine months ended March 31, 2017 the increase in hosted and related services revenue was primarily due to an increase of $13.3 million in sales to new customers as well as an increase of $3.4 million in sales to existing customers.

Product revenue

Product revenue decreased by $3.4 million, or 10%, and $21.8 million, or 19%, during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, respectively, as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to the decline in sales volume resulting from our shift in strategic focus from driving growth in product revenue to driving growth in hosted and related services revenue. This shift in strategic focus has caused us to experience a decrease in sales in all product lines. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the decrease in product revenue was primarily due to a $3.0 million decrease in software license sales and a $0.8 million decrease in switch sales. During the nine months ended March 31, 2017, the decrease in product revenue was primarily due to a $13.4 million decrease in software license sales, a $4.7 million decrease in switch sales and a $3.8 million decrease in phone sales. Product revenue may continue to decline in future periods as we continue to focus a greater amount of our sales and marketing efforts to expand our hosted and related services revenue.

Support and services revenue

Support and services revenue remained relatively consistent at $18.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to $18.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Support and services revenue remained relatively consistent at $56.8 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to $56.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2016.

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Cost of revenue and gross profit

	Three Months Ended March 31,										Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016		Change $			Change %			2017		2016		Change $			Change %
(in thousands, except percentages)
Hosted and related services cost of revenue	$	17,381	$	16,582	$	799			5	%	$	52,173	$	44,528	$	7,645			17	%
Product cost of revenue		9,958		11,164		(1,206	)		(11	%)		30,950		38,337		(7,387	)		(19	%)
Support and services cost of revenue		4,169		5,054		(885	)		(18	%)		12,866		14,494		(1,628	)		(11	%)
Total cost of revenue	$	31,508	$	32,800	$	(1,292	)		(4	%)	$	95,989	$	97,359	$	(1,370	)		(1	%)
Hosted and related services gross profit	$	20,891	$	16,186	$	4,705			29	%	$	58,415	$	48,126	$	10,289			21	%
Product gross profit		20,577		22,755		(2,178	)		(10	%)		63,714		78,163		(14,449	)		(18	%)
Support and services gross profit		14,754		13,495		1,259			9	%		43,920		42,044		1,876			4	%
Total gross profit	$	56,222	$	52,436	$	3,786			7	%	$	166,049	$	168,333	$	(2,284	)		(1	%)

	Three Months Ended March 31,									Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			Net Change			2017			2016			Net Change
Hosted and related services gross margin		55	%		49	%		6	%		53	%		52	%		1	%
Product gross margin		67	%		67	%		-			67	%		67	%		-
Support and services gross margin		78	%		73	%		5	%		77	%		74	%		3	%
Total gross margin		64	%		62	%		2	%		63	%		63	%		-

The overall gross margin was 64% for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 62% for the same period in the prior year.

The overall gross margin was 63% for both the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Hosted and related services gross margin

Hosted and related service gross margin increased by six percentage points and one percentage point in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was due to an increase in hosted and related revenue of $5.5 million, or 17%, partially offset by an increase in hosted and related services cost of revenue of $0.8 million, or 5%. The increase for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 was due to an increase in hosted and related revenue of $17.9 million, or 19%, partially offset by an increase in hosted and related services cost of revenue of $7.6 million, or 17%. The improvements in both periods were primarily due to operational efficiencies as we were able to grow revenue at a faster rate than the incremental cost to provide the services.

Product gross margin

Product gross margin remained consistent at 67% for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Support and services gross margin

Support and services gross margins increased by five percentage points and three percentage points in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year. This increase was driven by operational improvements which allowed lower personnel costs to support a larger customer base.

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Operating expenses

	Three Months Ended March 31,											Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016		Change $			Change %			2017			2016		Change $			Change %
(in thousands, except percentages)
Research and development	$	17,122		$	16,504	$	618			4	%	$	49,895		$	44,134	$	5,761			13	%
Sales and marketing		31,598			32,537		(939	)		(3	%)		94,735			93,652		1,083			1	%
General and administration		11,080			11,277		(197	)		(2	%)		32,642			31,095		1,547			5	%
Acquisition related costs		-			822		(822	)		(100	%)		-			1,356		(1,356	)		(100	%)
Settlements and defense fees		(19	)		-		(19	)		N/A			(30	)		-		(30	)		N/A

Research and development

Research and development expenses increased by $0.6 million, or 4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in personnel related costs, including benefits and bonus, of $0.2 million and an increase in the allocation of certain expenses of $0.3 million. These increases were primarily related to an increase in headcount of research and development personnel.

Research and development expenses increased by $5.8 million, or 13%, for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in personnel related costs, including benefits and bonus, of $4.4 million and an increase in the allocation of corporate expenses of $0.9 million. These increases were primarily related to an increase in headcount of research and development personnel.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $0.9 million, or 3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to a decrease in sales commissions of $1.2 million resulting from lower attainment of performance targets and a decrease personnel related costs, including benefits and bonus, of $0.6 million due to lower headcount of sales and marketing personnel related to our organizational realignment during the three months ended September 30, 2016. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in partner commissions of $1.0 million resulting from growth in our hosted sales.

Sales and marketing expenses increased by $1.1 million, or 1%, for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase of $2.2 million in expenses associated with trade shows and hosting our partner conference in the three months ended December 31, 2016, which did not take place in the same period in the prior year, an increase in partner commissions of $1.7 million resulting from growth in our hosted sales and an increase in severance costs of $1.1 million related to our organizational realignment during the three months ended September 30, 2016. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in sales commissions of $2.5 million resulting from lower attainment of performance targets, a decrease personnel related costs, including benefits and bonus, of $0.5 million and a decrease in travel related costs of $0.5 million, both due to lower headcount of sales and marketing personnel related to our organizational realignment during the three months ended September 30, 2016.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses remained relatively consistent at $11.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $11.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

General and administrative expenses increased by $1.5 million, or 5%, for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to an increase in personnel related costs, including benefits and bonus, of $2.4 million due to an increase in general and administrative headcount. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in the allocation of corporate expenses of $0.6 million.

Acquisition related costs

The acquisition-related costs of $0.8 million and $1.4 million for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2016, respectively, primarily consisted of direct costs incurred related to the acquisition of M5 Networks Australia Pty Ltd (“M5 Australia”) and Corvisa. There were no corresponding charges for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017.

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Settlements and defense fees

Settlements and defense fees for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 were comprised of the reversal of $19,000 and $30,000, respectively, related to previously accrued additional interest and certain penalties associated with the final settlement with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) regarding the proposed withholding tax adjustment for the 2008 through 2012 tax years.

Other income (expense), net

	Three Months Ended March 31,												Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			Change $			Change %			2017			2016			Change $		Change %
(in thousands, except percentages)
Interest expense	$	(115	)	$	(114	)	$	(1	)		1	%	$	(342	)	$	(353	)	$	11		3	%
Interest income and other (expense), net		893			(162	)		1,055			651	%		566			(1,298	)		1,864		144	%

Interest expense

Interest expense remained consistent at $0.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

Interest expense remained relatively consistent at $0.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $0.4 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2016.

Interest income and other (expense), net

Interest income and other (expense), increased by $1.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to a $0.9 million gain on the sale of a non-marketable investment during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

Interest income and other (expense), increased by $1.8 million in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to a $0.9 million gain on the sale of a non-marketable investment during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and amortization expenses of $0.7 million that occurred in the nine months ended March 31, 2016 with no such expenses during the nine months ended March 31, 2017.

Provision for (benefit from) income tax

	Three Months Ended March 31,										Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016			Change $		Change %			2017		2016		Change $		Change %
(in thousands, except percentages)
Provision for (benefit from) income tax	$	159	$	(273	)	$	432		(158	%)	$	518	$	493	$	25		5	%

Provision for (benefit from) income tax

The provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 was primarily related to state and foreign income tax expense. The provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2016 was primarily related to federal Alternative Minimum Tax, state and foreign income tax expense.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Balance Sheet and Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		June 30, 2016		Increase/ (Decrease)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56,672	$	61,726	$	(5,054	)
Short-term investments		48,246		46,433		1,813
Total	$	104,918	$	108,159	$	(3,241	)

As of March 31, 2017, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $104.9 million, accounts receivable of $26.5 million and the balance of $53.9 million available for borrowing under our Credit Facility.

On October 22, 2014, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement which was further amended on December 1, 2014 and August 5, 2015 (“Credit Facility”) which provides for a revolving loan facility for an aggregate principal amount not exceeding $100.0 million. The Credit Facility amended and restated the prior credit facility. The Credit Facility matures on October 22, 2019 and is payable in full upon maturity. The amounts borrowed and repaid under the Credit Facility are available for future borrowings.

The borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest (at our election) either at (i) the London interbank offered rate then in effect, plus a margin of between 1.50% and 2.25%, which is based on our consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Facility), or (ii) the higher of (a) the bank’s publicly-announced prime rate then in effect and (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, in each case of (a) or (b), plus a margin of between 0.00% and 0.50%, which will be based upon our consolidated EBITDA. We also pay annual commitment fees during the term of the Credit Facility which varies depending on our consolidated EBITDA. The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of our assets.

The Credit Facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including compliance with financial ratios and metrics. The Credit Facility and the related amendment requires us to maintain a minimum ratio of liquidity to its indebtedness (each as defined in the Credit Facility) and varying amounts of Liquidity and Consolidated EBITDA specified in the Credit Facility throughout the term of the agreement. As of March 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all such covenants and no amounts were outstanding under the Credit Facility.

Historically, our principal uses of cash have consisted of the purchase of finished goods inventory from our contract manufacturers, payroll and other operating expenses related to the development and marketing of our new products, purchases of property and equipment and acquisitions.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities, the addition of new business initiatives, the timing and extent of our expansion into new geographies, the timing of introductions of new products and enhancements to existing products, the continuing market acceptance of our products and acquisition and licensing activities. We may enter into agreements relating to potential investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary businesses or technologies in the future, which could also require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. If needed, additional funds may not be available on terms favorable to us or at all. We believe that the available amounts under the line of credit together with our cash flows from our operations will be sufficient to fund our operating requirements for at least the next twelve months.

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The following table shows our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the stated periods (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	4,698		$	25,312
Net cash used in investing activities		(10,010	)		(27,776	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		258			7,067
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	(5,054	)	$	4,603

Cash flows from operating activities

Net loss during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 included non-cash charges of $7.7 million and $6.9 million in stock-based compensation expense, respectively, depreciation and amortization of $16.0 million and $15.1 million, respectively. Net loss the three months ended March 31, 2017 included a gain on the sale of a non-marketable investment of $0.9 million with no corresponding gain during the nine months ended March 31, 2016.

Cash provided by operating activities of $4.7 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 reflects net changes in operating assets and liabilities which used $7.0 million of cash consisting primarily of a decrease in accrued liabilities of $7.6 million, a decrease in accrued employee compensation of $6.1 million, an increase in inventory of $1.7 million and an increase in other assets of $0.5 million. These cash outflows were partially offset by a decrease in accounts receivable of $6.3 million, an increase in deferred revenue of $2.0 million and an increase in accounts payable of $0.7 million.

Cash provided by operating activities of $25.3 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2016 reflects net changes in operating assets and liabilities, exclusive of assets and liabilities assumed from acquisitions, which provided $7.1 million of cash consisting primarily of a decrease in accounts receivable of $11.4 million due to improved collections, an increase in deferred revenue of $2.6 million and an increase in accrued employee compensation of $2.2 million. These cash inflows were partially offset by a decrease in accrued taxes and surcharges of $5.8 million, a decrease in accrued liabilities and other of $2.3 million and a decrease in accounts payable of $1.4 million.

Cash flows from investing activities

We have classified our investment portfolio as “available for sale,” and our investments are made with a policy of capital preservation and liquidity as the primary objectives. We may hold investments to maturity; however, we may sell an investment at any time if the quality rating of the investment declines, the yield on the investment is no longer attractive or we are in need of cash.

Net cash used in investing activities was $10.0 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 primarily related to the purchase of short-term investments of $21.4 million, the purchase of property and equipment of $8.9 million, partially offset by $19.2 million in proceeds from maturities of our short-term investments and $1.1 million in proceeds from the sale of non-marketable securities.

Net cash used in investing activities was $27.8 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2016 primarily related to the acquisition of Corvisa and M5 Australia for $14.3 million, net of cash acquired, the purchase of short-term investments of $12.9 million, the purchase of property and equipment of $8.1 million, offset by $7.6 million in proceeds from maturities of our short-term investments.

Cash flows from financing activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.3 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 primarily related to the receipt of $4.1 million from the issuance of common stock under various employee benefit plans offset by the payment of $1.5 million associated with employee tax obligations on the vesting of restricted stock units and the repurchase of $2.3 million of common stock.

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Net cash provided by financing activities was $7.1 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2016. During the nine months ended March 31, 2016, we received $8.3 million from the issuance of common stock under various employee benefit plans offset by the payment of $1.1 million associated with employee tax obligations on the vesting of restricted stock units.

Common Stock Repurchases

In May 2016, the board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $20.0 million of our common stock from time to time at the discretion of our management. This stock repurchase authorization has no expiration date. During the three months ended December 31, 2016, we repurchased approximately 339,000 shares of our common stock at a total cost of $2.3 million. As of March 31, 2017, we had a remaining authorization of $16.9 million for future share repurchases.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements (other than those disclosed below within the Contractual obligations and commitments section) nor do we have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which are established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Contractual obligations and commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2017 and the effect that such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods:

	Payments Due by Period
(In thousands)	Total		Less Than 1 Year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		Thereafter
Operating lease obligations	$	24,026	$	7,565	$	10,442	$	5,784	$	235
Line of credit		-		-		-		-		-
Non-cancellable purchase commitments (inventory and software licenses)		12,617		12,204		411		2		-
Outstanding letters of credit		635		635		-		-		-
Total	$	37,278	$	20,404	$	10,853	$	5,786	$	235

In addition to our contractual obligations noted above, we have a contractual obligation related to unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $6.9 million as of March 31, 2017.

Minimum operating lease obligations have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $1.6 million due in the future under a noncancelable sublease.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

In the normal course of our business, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk inherent in conducting business globally in foreign currencies. We are primarily exposed to foreign currency fluctuations related to collections from accounts receivable balances and cash in banks that are denominated in the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar and the Euro. We use relatively short-term foreign currency forward contractsto minimize the risk associated with the foreign exchange effects of the losses and gains of the related foreign currency denominated exposures. We recognize the gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts in the same period as the losses and gains of the related foreign currency denominated exposures. The gains and losses on foreign exchange contracts mitigate the effect of currency movements on our cash and accounts receivable balances. As of March 31, 2017, a 10% change in the applicable foreign exchange rates would result in an increase or decrease in our pretax earnings of approximately $0.6 million.

We do not have any material changes in the market risk and the interest rate risk disclosure included in the “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Item 7A of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II: OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM  1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

See Note 14 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM  1A. RISK FACTORS

There were no material changes in our risk factors as described in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016.

ITEM  2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

In May 2016, the Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $20.0 million of the Company's common stock from time to time at the discretion of our management. This stock repurchase authorization has no expiration date.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we did not repurchase any common stock. As of March 31, 2017, we had a remaining authorization of $16.9 million for future share repurchases. The number of shares to be repurchased and the timing of such repurchases will be based on several factors, including the price of the Company's common stock and liquidity, general market and business conditions.

ITEM  3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM  5. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM  6. EXHIBITS

See Index to Exhibits following the signature page to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated by reference herein.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 5, 2017

ShoreTel, Inc.
By:	/s/    MICHAEL E. HEALY
	Michael E. Healy
	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	Exhibit Title
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
32.1(1)	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
32.2(1)	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

(1) This certification accompanying this report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (whether made before or after the date of the Report), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

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