Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Financial Statement Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bancorp of New Jersey, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiary, the “Company”), and its direct wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank of New Jersey (the “Bank”) and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, BONJ-New York Corp., BONJ-New Jersey Investment Company, BONJ- Delaware Investment Company, and BONJ REIT Inc. Bancorp of New Jersey is incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey to serve as a holding company for the Bank. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Nature of Operations The Company’s primary business is ownership and supervision of the Bank. The Bank commenced operations as of May 10, 2006. The Company, through the Bank, conducts a traditional commercial banking business, accepting deposits from the general public, including individuals, businesses, non-profit organizations, and governmental units. The Bank makes commercial loans, consumer loans and commercial real estate loans. In addition, the Bank provides other customer services and makes investments in securities, as permitted by law. Since opening in May, 2006, the Bank has established nine branch offices in addition to its main office. During the second quarter of 2009, the Bank formed BONJ-New York Corporation. The New York subsidiary was engaged in the business of acquiring, managing and administering portions of Bank of New Jersey’s investment and loan portofolios. During 2014, the Bank formed BONJ-Delaware Investment Company and BONJ-New Jersey Investment Company to use to acquire, manage and administer portions of the Bank of New Jersey’s investments and loans. Also in 2014, the Bank formed BONJ-REIT, Inc. This company was formed to acquire, manage and administer portions of the Bank’s loans. BONJ-Reit, Inc. is owned by BONJ-Delaware Investment Company. Use of Estimates Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of the deferred tax asset and the determination of other-than-temporary impairment on securities. While management uses available information to recognize estimated losses on loans, future additions may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. These agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgements of information available to them at the time of their examination. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Standards (“U.S. GAAP”). In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period indicated. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Significant Group of Concentration of Credit Risk The Company’s activities are, primarily, with customers located within Bergen County, New Jersey. The Company does not have any significant concentration to any one industry or customers within its primary service area. Note 3 describes the types of lending in which the Company engages. Although the Company actively manages the diversification of the loan portfolio, a substantial portion of the debtors’ ability to honor their contracts is dependent on the strength of the local economy. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in banks, and federal funds sold, which are generally sold for one-day periods. Interest-bearing deposits in banks Interest-bearing deposits in banks are carried at cost, which approximate fair value. Regulators The Bank is subject to federal and New Jersey statutes applicable to banks chartered under the New Jersey banking laws. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Accordingly, the Bank is subject to regulation, supervision, and examination by the New Jersey State Department of Banking and Insurance and the FDIC. The Company is subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System “FRB”. Securities The Company reports investment securities in one of the following categories: (i) held to maturity (management has the intent and ability to hold to maturity), which are reported at amortized cost; (ii) trading (held for current resale), which are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings and (iii) available for sale, which are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and lossess excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The Company has classified all of its holdings of investment securities as either held to matruity or available for sale. At the time a security is purchased, a determination is made as to the approproiate classification. Premiums and discounts on investment securities are amortized as expense and accreted as income over the estimated life of the respective security using a method that generally approximates the level-yield method. Gains and losses on the sales of investment securities are recognized upon realization, using the specific identification method and shown separately in the consolidate statements of operations. Management evaluates securities for Other Than Temporary Impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. For securities in an unrealized loss position, management considers the extent and duration of the unrealized loss and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. Management also assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirment to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings. For debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment is split into two components as follows: 1) OTTI related to credit loss, which must be recognized in the statement of income and 2) OTTI related to other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis. For equity securities, the entire amount of impairment is recognized through earnings. Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment are stated at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of fixed assets is accumulated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the term of the related lease. The estimated lives of our premises and equipment range from 3 years for certain computer related equipment to 39 years for building costs associated with newly constructed buildings. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense in the year incurred. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are stated at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of an allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the yield (interest income) of the related loans. The Company is generally amortizing these amounts over the contractual life of the loan. Premiums and discounts on purchased loans are amortized as adjustments to interest income using the effective yield method. For all classes of loans receivable, the accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing. A loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and unpaid interest accrued in prior years is charged against the allowance for loan losses. Interest received on nonaccrual loans, including impaired loans, generally is either applied against principal or reported as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the collectability of principal. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time (generally six months) and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. The past due status of loans receivable is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments. The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments and is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely. Because all identified losses are immediately charged off, no portion of the allowance for loan losses is restricted to any individual loan or groups of loans, and the entire allowance is available to absorb any and all loan losses. The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that are probable and reasonable to estimate. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on the Company’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio and unfunded commitments, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The allowance for loan losses consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans. These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans, adjusted for qualitative factors. These qualitative risk factors include: 1. Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices. 2. National, regional, and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments, including the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans. 3. Nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans. 4. Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff. 5. Volume and severity of past due, classified and nonaccrual loans as well as and other loan modifications. 6. Quality of the Company’s loan review system, and the degree of oversight by the Company’s board of directors. 7. Existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations. 8. Effect of external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements. Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation. Adjustments to the factors are supported through documentation of changes in conditions in a narrative accompanying the allowance for loan loss calculation. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”) and classified as impaired. An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated fair values of substantially all of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral. For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property. For commercial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable aging or equipment appraisals or invoices. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual residential mortgage loans, home equity loans and other consumer loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are the subject of a troubled debt restructuring agreement. Loans whose terms are modified are classified as troubled debt restructurings if the Company grants such borrowers concessions and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions granted under a troubled debt restructuring generally involve a temporary reduction in interest rate or an extension of a loan’s stated maturity date. Loans classified as TDRs are designated as impaired and evaluated for impairment until they are ultimately repaid in full or foreclosed and sold. Nonaccrual troubled debt restructurings are restored to accrual status if principal and interest payments, under the modified terms, are current for six consecutive months after modification. The Company’s methodology for the determination of the allowance for loan losses includes further segregation of loan classes into risk rating categories. The borrower’s overall financial condition, repayment sources, guarantors and value of collateral, if appropriate, are evaluated annually for commercial loans or when credit deficiencies arise, such as delinquent loan payments, for commercial and consumer loans. Credit quality risk ratings include regulatory classifications of special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. Loans classified as special mention have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects. Loans classified substandard have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They include loans that are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified substandard with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current conditions and facts, is highly improbable. Loans classified as a loss are considered uncollectible and are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Loans not classified are rated pass. In addition to the Company’s methodology, Federal regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination, which may not be currently available to management. Based on management’s comprehensive analysis of the loan portfolio, management believes the current level of the allowance for loan losses was adequate. Other Real Estate Owned Other real estate owned consists of real estate acquired by foreclosure and is initially recorded at fair value, less estimated selling costs. Subsequent to foreclosure, revenues are included in non-interest income and expenses from operations and lower of cost or market changes in the valuation are included in non-interest expenses. Stock-Based Compensation ASC Topic 718 Compensation-Stock Compensation addresses the accounting for share-based payment transactions in which an enterprise receives employee service in exchange for (a) equity instruments of the enterprise or (b) liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprise’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity instruments. Guidance requires an entity to recognize the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees within the income statement using a fair-value-based method. The Company accounts for stock options under these recognition and measurement principles. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $285 thousand and $211 thousand during 2016 and 2015, respectively. At December 31, 2016, the Company had $164 thousand of unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options. At December 31, 2016, the Company had $213 thousand of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock. Stockholders’ Equity and Related Transactions On March 2, 2015, the Company closed on a private placement of approximately $9.5 million (net of expenses, approximatley $9.3 million) or 868,057 shares of its common stock at a price of $10.95 per share. The shares of common stock were offered and were sold in a private placement pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The shares have not been registered under the Securities Act, or the securities laws of any other jurisdiction, and may not be reoffered or resold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from such registration requirements. Each of the investors in the private placement was a member of the Company's board of directors or related party. The Company contributed the proceeds of the private placement to the Bank . Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. There are two components of the income tax expense: current and deferred. Current income tax expense reflects taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period by applying the provisions of the enacted law to the taxable income or excess of deductions and revenues. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. As required by ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes , the Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. The Bank applied ASC Topic 740 to all tax positions for which the statute of limitations remained open. There was no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations and no adjustment to retained earnings. The Company recognizes interest and penalties on income taxes as a component of income tax. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and represents the effect of earnings upon the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the effect of earnings upon weighted average shares including the potential dilution that could occur if securities or contracts to issue common stock were converted or exercised, utilizing the treasury stock method. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income consists of net income for the current period and income, expenses, or gains and losses not included in the consolidated income statement and which are reported directly as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The Company includes the required disclosures in the statements of comprehensive income. Advertising The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses totaled $308 thousand and $289 thousand for 2016 and 2015, respectively and are included in other operating expenses. Transfer of Financial Assets Transfers of financial assets, including loan and loan participation sales, are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity, or the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return specific assets. Restricted Investment in Bank Stock Restricted investment in bank stocks which represent required investments in the common stock of correspondent banks, is carried at cost and consists of the common stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB”) of $1.9 million and Atlantic Community Bankers Bank, (“ACBB”) of $100 thousand respectively as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. Federal law requires a member institution of the FHLB to hold stock according to a predetermined formula. All restricted stock is recorded at cost as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. Management believes no impairment charge is necessary related to the FHLB or ACBB restricted stock as of December 31, 2016. Restrictions on Cash and Amounts Due From Banks The Bank is required to maintain average balances on hand or with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (“FRB”). At December 31, 2016 and 2015, these reserve balances amounted to $5.9 million and $3.4 million, respectively, and are reflected in interest bearing deposits in banks. |