Gevo (GEVO) 10-Q 10 May 23 2023 Q1 Quarterly report Financial data

Cover page

Cover page - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	May 09, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-35073
Entity Registrant Name	GEVO, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	87-0747704
Entity Address, Address Line One	345 Inverness Drive South
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Building C, Suite 310
Entity Address, City or Town	Englewood
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80112
City Area Code	303
Local Phone Number	858-8358
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	GEVO
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		237,246,223
Entity Central Index Key	0001392380
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 342,283	$ 237,125
Marketable securities	32,897	167,408
Restricted cash (current)	1,032	1,032
Trade accounts receivable, net	855	476
Inventories	4,355	6,347
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,985	3,034
Total current assets	386,407	415,422
Property, plant and equipment, net	183,862	176,872
Restricted cash (non-current)	76,736	77,219
Operating right-of-use assets	1,285	1,331
Finance right-of-use assets	217	219
Intangible assets, net	7,400	7,691
Deposits and other assets	32,787	21,994
Total assets	688,694	700,748
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	24,931	24,760
Operating lease liabilities (current)	421	438
Finance lease liabilities (current)	59	79
Loans payable (current)	152	159
Total current liabilities	25,563	25,436
2021 Bonds payable, net	67,408	67,223
Loans payable (non-current)	126	159
Operating lease liabilities (non-current)	1,392	1,450
Finance lease liabilities (non-current)	184	183
Other liabilities (non-current)	560	820
Total liabilities	95,233	95,271
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 237,261,164 and 237,166,625 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively.	2,373	2,372
Additional paid-in capital	1,264,203	1,259,527
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(115)	(1,040)
Accumulated deficit	(673,000)	(655,382)
Total stockholders' equity	593,461	605,477
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 688,694	$ 700,748

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock shares issued (in shares)	237,261,164	237,166,625
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	237,261,164	237,166,625

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Income Statement [Abstract]
Total operating revenues	$ 4,060	$ 232
Operating expenses:
Cost of production	4,425	3,090
Depreciation and amortization	4,575	1,442
Research and development expense	1,198	1,192
General and administrative expense	10,761	9,367
Project development costs	2,959	1,096
Facility idling costs	999	0
Total operating expenses	24,917	16,187
Loss from operations	(20,857)	(15,955)
Other income (expense)
Interest expense	(539)	(2)
Investment income	3,067	252
Other income, net	711	32
Total other income, net	3,239	282
Net loss	$ (17,618)	$ (15,673)
Net loss per share - basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.08)
Net loss per share - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.08)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	237,260,681	201,925,747
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	237,260,681	201,925,747

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (17,618)	$ (15,673)
Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities	925	(973)
Comprehensive loss	$ (16,693)	$ (16,646)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Accumulated Deficit
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		201,988,662,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 547,255	$ 2,020	$ 1,103,224	$ (614)	$ (557,375)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants (in shares)		4,677,000
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants	3		3
Non-cash stock-based compensation	4,044		4,044
Issuance of common stock under stock plans, net of taxes ( in shares)		240,617,000
Stock-based awards and related share issuances, net	(221)	$ (1)	(220)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(973)			(973)
Net loss	(15,673)				(15,673)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022		201,752,722,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 534,435	$ 2,019	1,107,051	(1,587)	(573,048)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	237,166,625	237,166,625,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 605,477	$ 2,372	1,259,527	(1,040)	(655,382)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Non-cash stock-based compensation	4,677		4,677
Issuance of common stock under stock plans, net of taxes ( in shares)		94,539,000
Stock-based awards and related share issuances, net	0	$ 1	(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	925			925
Net loss	$ (17,618)				(17,618)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	237,261,164	237,261,164,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 593,461	$ 2,373	$ 1,264,203	$ (115)	$ (673,000)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (17,618)	$ (15,673)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation	4,677	4,258
Depreciation and amortization	4,575	1,442
Amortization of marketable securities (discount) premium	(114)	1,150
Other noncash expense	234	139
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(379)	810
Inventories	1,650	16
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, deposits and other assets	(12,852)	(2,367)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and non-current liabilities	381	(2,269)
Net cash used in operating activities	(19,446)	(12,494)
Investing Activities
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment	(11,434)	(31,218)
Acquisition of patent portfolio	0	(10)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of marketable securities	135,550	71,082
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment	67	0
Purchase of marketable securities	0	(31,993)
Net cash provided by investing activities	124,183	7,861
Financing Activities
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	0	3
Net settlement of common stock under stock plans	0	(220)
Payment of debt	(39)	(103)
Payment of finance lease liabilities	(23)	0
Net cash used in financing activities	(62)	(320)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	104,675	(4,953)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	315,376	136,033
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	420,051	131,080
Schedule of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash and cash equivalents	342,283	44,626
Restricted cash (current)	1,032	16,216
Non-current restricted cash	76,736	70,238
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	420,051	131,080
Supplemental disclosures of cash and non-cash investing and financing transactions
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized	515	(514)
Non-cash purchase of property, plant and equipment	$ 13,277	$ 7,530

Deposits and Other Assets

Deposits and Other Assets	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Other Assets, Noncurrent [Abstract]
Deposits and Other Assets	Deposits and Other Assets The following table sets forth the components of the Company's deposits and other assets (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Deposits (1) $ 276 $ 276 Prepaid feedstock (2) 1,175 934 Equity interest (3) 1,500 1,500 Exclusivity fees (4) 2,522 2,522 Deposits receivable (5) 18,961 8,302 Other assets, net (6) 8,353 8,460 Total deposits and other assets $ 32,787 $ 21,994 (1) Deposits for legal services and products for NZ1. (2) Prepaid feedstock fees, non-current, for the production of RNG. (3) The Company directly holds a 4.6% int erest in the Series A Preferred Stock of Zero6 Clean Energy Assets, Inc. ("Zero6"), formerly Juhl Clean Energy Assets, Inc., which is not a publicly listed entity with a readily determinable fair value. The Company therefore measures the securities at cost, which is deemed to be the value indicated by the last observable transaction in Zero6's stock, subject to impairment. The equity interest in Zero6 is also pledged as collateral against two future obligations to Rock County Wind Fuel, LLC ("RCWF"), a Zero6 subsidiary, see Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information. (4) Axens will provide certain alcohol-to-SAF technologies and services exclusively provided to the Company which may be offset against future license fees subject to the delivery of a process design package. (5) Deposits provided to a developer of certain wind-farm projects and power utility contractor to induce the contractor to design and construct the power generation, transmission and distribution facilities that will serve NZ1, $5.5 million of which will be either reimbursed or used as an investment into wind generation facility and the remaining $13.5 million is expected to be fully reimbursed upon completion of the project. Gevo has contractual priority liens against the equipment and constructed facilities under the contracts. (6) Payments which were allocated to the non-lease fuel supply, primarily related to sand separation systems, to support NW Iowa RNG fuel supply agreements prior to commencement of operations, being amortized over the life of the project.

Nature of Business, Financial C

Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation	Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation Nature of business. Gevo, Inc. (Nasdaq: GEVO) ("Gevo", "we", "us", "our", or the "Company," which, unless otherwise indicated, refers to Gevo, Inc. and its subsidiaries), a Delaware corporation founded in 2005, is a growth-oriented company with the mission of solving greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions for those sectors of the transportation industry that are not amenable to electrification or hydrogen. The Company is focused on transforming renewable energy into energy-dense liquid drop-in hydrocarbons that can be used as renewable fuels, such as sustainable aviation fuel ("SAF") and other fuels and chemicals, with the potential to achieve a “net-zero” GHG, or even carbon negative footprint measured by the Argonne National Laboratory’s GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) model (the "GREET Model") to measure, predict and verify GHG emissions across the life-cycle. Our “net-zero” concept means production of drop-in hydrocarbon fuels by using sustainably grown feedstocks (e.g., low till, no-till and dry corn cultivation), renewable and substantially decarbonized energy sources, resulting in a net-zero carbon footprint from the full life cycle of the fuel measured from the capture of renewable carbon through the burning of the fuel. Gevo's primary market focus, given current demand and growing customer interest, is SAF. The Company believes it also has commercial opportunities for other renewable hydrocarbon products, such as (i) renewable natural gas, also known as biogas (“RNG”), (ii) hydrocarbons for gasoline blendstocks and diesel fuel, and (iii) plastics, materials and other chemicals. We are engaged in technology, process and intellectual property development targeted to large scale deployment of net-zero hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals. We are developing the marketplace and customers for SAF and other related products. We also are engaged as a developer and enabler/licensor for large scale commercial production, and we expect to be a co-investor on certain projects. Gevo's business model is that of a developer of projects, a licensor, process technology developer, and operator of certain assets in the future. Net-Zero Projects In early 2021, we announced the concept of “Net-Zero Projects” as a series of planned facilities to produce energy dense liquid hydrocarbons using renewable energy and our proprietary technology. The concept of a Net-Zero Project is to convert renewable energy (e.g., photosynthetic, wind, RNG) from a variety of sources into energy dense liquid hydrocarbons that, when burned in traditional engines, has the potential to achieve net-zero GHG emissions across the whole lifecycle of the liquid fuel: from the way carbon is captured from the atmosphere, processed to make liquid fuel products, and burnt as a fuel for planes, cars, trucks and ships. As announced in February 2022, and as a result of our agreement and relationship with Axens North America, Inc. (“Axens”), Gevo made the decision to utilize Axens’ ethanol fermentation technology instead of our proprietary isobutanol fermentation technology to produce sustainable aviation fuel and other renewable hydrocarbon products in our Net-Zero Projects. Our initial Net-Zero Project, Net-Zero 1 (“NZ1"), is expected to be located in Lake Preston, South Dakota, and is being currently designed to produce approximately 65 million gallons per year ("MGPY") of total hydrocarbon volumes, including 60 MGPY of SAF. Along with the hydrocarbons, NZ1 is being designed to produce approximately 1,390 million pounds per year of high-value protein products for use in the food chain and more than 34 million pounds per year of corn oil. Our products will be produced in three steps; the first step is milling the corn and the production of protein, oil, and carbohydrates, the second step produces alcohols using fermentation and the third step is the conversion of the alcohols into hydrocarbons. We also are developing other commercial production projects for SAF at other locations in the United States where we expect to use the design of the ethanol-to-jet plant of Lake Preston. Gevo expects to play the role of developer and licensor; and, depending upon circumstances, partial owner of these projects. Renewable Natural Gas Facilities Gevo's RNG facilities in Northwest Iowa ("NW Iowa RNG") are owned by Gevo NW Iowa RNG, LLC, and produce RNG captured from dairy cow manure. The manure is supplied by three local dairies that have over 20,000 milking cows in total. Animal manure can be digested anaerobically to produce biogas, which is then upgraded to pipeline quality gas referred to as RNG. Gevo NW Iowa RNG, LLC sells the produced RNG to the California market through an agreement with BP Canada Energy Marketing Corp. and BP Products North America Inc. (collectively, "BP"). In addition, NW Iowa RNG generates and sells Low Carbon Fuel Standard ("LCFS") credits as well as D3 Renewable Identification Numbers ("RINs") through the production of RNG (collectively, "environmental attributes"). Luverne Facility Gevo's development plant in Luverne, Minnesota (the "Luverne Facility") was originally constructed in 1998 and is located on approximately 55 acres of land, which contains approximately 50,000 square feet of building space. Gevo may use the Luverne Facility in the future to prove our processes, process concepts, unit operations and for other purposes in order to optimize feedstocks and the processes used for producing hydrocarbons from alcohols. Currently, the activities at the Luverne Facility are minimized to care and maintenance, as the Company has shifted focus to the Net-Zero Projects. Basis of presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) along with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. Accordingly, they do not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for the three months ended, March 31, 2023, and are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included under the heading “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in Part II, Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 . The financial statements at December 31, 2022, have been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. For further information, refer to our audited financial statements and notes thereto included for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 Annual Report"). Reclassifications. The Company reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications included the categorization of depreciation and amortization on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and had no impact on total revenues, total operating expenses, net loss or stockholders' equity for any period.

Revenues from Contracts with Cu

Revenues from Contracts with Customers and Other Revenues	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenues from Contracts with Customers and Other Revenues	Revenues from Contracts with Customers and Other RevenuesThe Company’s revenues are primarily comprised of the sale of RNG and related environmental attributes produced at the NW Iowa RNG facility under long-term contracts with customers. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the Company transfers the product to its customer. The customer obtains control of the product upon RNG delivery into gas pipeline system, whereas the title and control for the environmental attributes are transferred to the customer subsequent to the issuance of such attributes by the relevant regulatory agency. The Company generally has a single performance obligation in our arrangements with customers. The Company’s performance obligation related to the sales of RNG and related environmental attributes are satisfied at a point in time upon delivery to the customer. The following table displays the Company’s revenue by major source based on product type (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, Major Goods/Service Line 2023 2022 Ethanol sales and related products, net $ — $ 169 Hydrocarbon revenue 397 63 Renewable natural gas commodity 130 — Environmental attribute revenue 3,533 — Total operating revenue $ 4,060 $ 232 Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring its products. There is no variable consideration present in the Company’s performance obligations. Consideration for each transaction is based upon quoted market prices at the time of delivery. The Company recorded limited revenues from its development-scale plant, the Luverne Facility, during the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022. These revenues were promotional in nature and from customer contracts for ethanol sales and related products and hydrocarbon revenues, which included SAF, isooctene, and isooctane. These products were sold mostly on a free-on-board shipping point basis (recognized at a point in time), were independent transactions, did not provide post-sale support or promises to deliver future goods, and were single performance obligations.

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated based on the assumption that stock options and other dilutive securities outstanding, which have an exercise price less than the average market price of the Company's common shares during the period, would have been exercised on the later of the beginning of the period or the date granted, and that the funds obtained from the exercise were used to purchase common shares at the average market price during the period. None of the Company's stock options or other dilutive securities are considered to be dilutive in periods with net losses. The effect of the Company’s dilutive securities is calculated using the treasury stock method and only those instruments that result in a reduction in net income per common share are included in the calculation. Diluted net loss per share excluded common stock equivalents because the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive or would decrease the reported net loss per share. Therefore 58,651 and 72,434 of dilutive common stock equivalents have been excluded for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, as the Company is in a net loss position. See Notes 14 and 18 for all outstanding options and warrants that were not included in the computation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding, as the exercise price of the options and warrants exceeded the average price of the Company’s common stock during the reporting period, and therefore are anti-dilutive. Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated as follows (net loss in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Net loss $ (17,618) $ (15,673) Basic weighted-average shares outstanding 237,260,681 201,925,747 Net loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.07) $ (0.08)

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Marketable Securities	Marketable Securities The Company's investments in marketable securities are stated at fair value and are available for sale. The following table summarizes the Company's investments in marketable securities (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Marketable securities (current) U.S. Treasury notes $ 11,005 $ (61) $ 10,944 U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities 22,007 (54) 21,953 Total marketable securities (current) $ 33,012 $ (115) $ 32,897 December 31, 2022 Amortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Marketable securities (current) U.S. Treasury notes $ 56,418 $ (344) $ 56,074 U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities 112,030 (696) 111,334 Total marketable securities (current) $ 168,448 $ (1,040) $ 167,408 The cost of securities sold is based upon the specific identification method. Interest receivable related to the marketable securities of $0.2 million was included within "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023. Interest income from marketable securities totaled $0.6 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is included in "Investment income" in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Restricted Cash	Restricted Cash Current and non-current restricted cash of $77.8 million consists of amounts held as collateral for letters of credit to provide financing support for development and construction of the NW Iowa RNG and NZ1 projects and interest earned on restricted cash. The Company entered into an irrevocable direct pay letter of credit (the "Bond Letter of Credit") with Citibank N.A ("Citibank") in April 2021 to support the 2021 Bonds (as defined below) for the development and construction of NW Iowa RNG. See Note 13, Debt, for additional information on the 2021 Bonds. The Bond Letter of Credit has a 0.5% annual fee and expires April 4, 2024 (unless terminated earlier). The Company deposited $71.2 million with Citibank as restricted cash to secure any amounts drawn under the Bond Letter of Credit. The Company is entitled to receive interest income on the restricted cash. As of March 31, 2023, no amounts have been drawn under the Bond Letter of Credit. The proceeds from issuance of the 2021 Bonds recorded as restricted cash are maintained by the Trustee (as defined below) under the Indenture (as defined below) and are released to the Company to pay costs of the construction of NW Iowa RNG. The Company has used all bond proceeds for the project as of March 31, 2023. In September 2022, the Company entered into a Pledge and Assignment agreement with Citibank to provide credit support in the form of a letter of credit (the “Power Letter of Credit”) from Citibank to a local electric utility company in order to induce the utility company to design and construct the power transmission and distribution facilities that will serve NZ1. The Company deposited $6.6 million of restricted cash in an account with Citibank to collateralize the Power Letter

Prepaid Expenses and Other Curr

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets	Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s prepaid expenses and other current assets (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Prepaid insurance $ 1,744 $ 911 Interest receivable 1,219 514 Prepaid feedstock 1,097 1,097 Prepaid other 925 512 Total prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 4,985 $ 3,034

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities	Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities The Company is party to an operating lease contract for the Company’s office and research facility in Englewood, Colorado, which expires in January 2029. The lease contains an option to extend the lease which management does not reasonably expect to exercise, so it is not included in the length of the term. The Company also has one production line piece of equipment with an operating lease that expires in 2024. The Company has four finance leases for land under arrangements related to NW Iowa RNG. Under these contracts, the Company leases land from dairy farmers on which it has built three anaerobic digesters, and related equipment and pipelines to condition raw biogas from cow manure provided by the farmers. The partially conditioned biogas is transported from the three digester sites to a central gas upgrade system located at the fourth site that upgrades the biogas to pipeline-quality RNG for sale. These leases expire at various dates between 2031 and 2050 . The following tables present the (i) other quantitative information and (ii) future minimum payments under non-cancelable financing and operating leases as they relate to the Company’s leases (in thousands, except for weighted averages): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Other Information Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from finance leases $ 23 $ 1 Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 74 $ 287 Finance cash flows from finance leases $ 2 $ 1 Weighted-average remaining lease term, finance lease (months) 308 314 Weighted-average remaining lease term, operating leases (months) 61 68 Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases (1) 12% 11% Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases (1) 5% 5% (1) Our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate; we calculate the lease liability at lease commencement as the present value of unpaid lease payments using our estimated incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term and is determined using a portfolio approach based on information available at the commencement date of the lease. Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2023 (remaining) $ 454 $ 30 2024 305 31 2025 315 25 2026 324 25 2027 334 25 2028 and thereafter 373 571 Total 2,105 707 Less: amounts representing present value discounts (292) (464) Total lease liabilities 1,813 243 Less: current portion (421) (59) Non-current portion $ 1,392 $ 184
Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities	Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities The Company is party to an operating lease contract for the Company’s office and research facility in Englewood, Colorado, which expires in January 2029. The lease contains an option to extend the lease which management does not reasonably expect to exercise, so it is not included in the length of the term. The Company also has one production line piece of equipment with an operating lease that expires in 2024. The Company has four finance leases for land under arrangements related to NW Iowa RNG. Under these contracts, the Company leases land from dairy farmers on which it has built three anaerobic digesters, and related equipment and pipelines to condition raw biogas from cow manure provided by the farmers. The partially conditioned biogas is transported from the three digester sites to a central gas upgrade system located at the fourth site that upgrades the biogas to pipeline-quality RNG for sale. These leases expire at various dates between 2031 and 2050 . The following tables present the (i) other quantitative information and (ii) future minimum payments under non-cancelable financing and operating leases as they relate to the Company’s leases (in thousands, except for weighted averages): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Other Information Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from finance leases $ 23 $ 1 Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 74 $ 287 Finance cash flows from finance leases $ 2 $ 1 Weighted-average remaining lease term, finance lease (months) 308 314 Weighted-average remaining lease term, operating leases (months) 61 68 Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases (1) 12% 11% Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases (1) 5% 5% (1) Our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate; we calculate the lease liability at lease commencement as the present value of unpaid lease payments using our estimated incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term and is determined using a portfolio approach based on information available at the commencement date of the lease. Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2023 (remaining) $ 454 $ 30 2024 305 31 2025 315 25 2026 324 25 2027 334 25 2028 and thereafter 373 571 Total 2,105 707 Less: amounts representing present value discounts (292) (464) Total lease liabilities 1,813 243 Less: current portion (421) (59) Non-current portion $ 1,392 $ 184

Inventories

Inventories	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventories	Inventories The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s inventory balances (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Raw materials Consumables $ 29 $ 29 Catalyst 77 139 Finished goods SAF, Isooctane, Isooctene and other 1,061 1,457 Isobutanol 124 124 Work in process Environmental attributes, net of allowance of $2,122 and $2,378, respectively 2,656 4,193 Jet fuel 51 51 Spare parts 357 354 Total inventories $ 4,355 $ 6,347 Environmental attributes represent distinguishable and material output from our NW Iowa RNG operations. The Company started allocating the cost of production to the sales value of RNG, credits from California's LCFS program and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") RIN credits. The value of the environmental attributes is reviewed for potential write-downs based on the net realizable value methodology. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company did not adjust its finished goods and work in process inventory, excluding environmental attributes, to net realizable value. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company adjusted its finished goods and work in process inventory to net realizable value and recorded a loss of $2.9 million in cost of production.

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, Plant, and Equipment	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment	Property, Plant and Equipment The following table sets forth the Company’s property, plant and equipment by classification (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Land $ 6,452 $ 6,452 Plant facilities and infrastructure 76,875 76,900 Machinery and equipment 88,002 87,248 Furniture and office equipment 2,990 2,977 Software 2,217 2,217 Construction in progress 82,780 72,717 Total property, plant and equipment 259,316 248,511 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (75,454) (71,639) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 183,862 $ 176,872 The Company recorded depreciation expenses of $4.2 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Construction in progress includes $28.9 million for Gevo, $11.4 million for the Agri-Energy segment ("Agri-Energy") related to a fractionation and hydrocarbon skid, $1.6 million for NW Iowa RNG and $40.9 million for NZ1 at March 31, 2023. Construction in progress includes $25.9 million for Gevo, $11.4 million for Agri-Energy, $1.0 million for NW Iowa RNG and $34.4 million for NZ1 at December 31, 2022. Construction in progress is not subject to depreciation until the assets are placed into service. At March 31, 2023, construction in progress included accruals of $13.3 million. Borrowing costs. Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of an asset are capitalized until it is completed and ready for its intended use, and thereafter are recognized in profit or loss for the period. The Company did not capitalize interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2023, and capitalized $0.5 million of interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Intangible Assets	Intangible Assets Identifiable intangible assets consist of patents, which management evaluates to determine whether they (i) support current products, (ii) support planned research and development, or (iii) prevent others from competing with Gevo's products. The following tables set forth the Company’s intangible assets by classification (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Identifiable Intangible Assets, net Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years) Patents $ 4,580 $ (1,184) $ 3,396 7.4 Defensive assets 4,900 (896) 4,004 8.4 Intangible assets $ 9,480 $ (2,080) $ 7,400 7.9 December 31, 2022 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Identifiable Intangible Assets, Net Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years) Patents $ 4,580 $ (1,039) $ 3,541 7.4 Defensive assets 4,900 (750) 4,150 8.4 Intangible assets $ 9,480 $ (1,789) $ 7,691 7.9 The Company recorded amortization expense of $0.3 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. The following table details the estimated amortization of intangible assets as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands): Year Ending December 31, Patents Defensive Assets Total 2023 (remaining) $ 437 $ 439 $ 876 2024 582 586 1,168 2025 582 586 1,168 2026 582 586 1,168 2027 582 586 1,168 2028 and thereafter 631 1,221 1,852 Total intangible assets $ 3,396 $ 4,004 $ 7,400

Accounts Payable and Accrued Li

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities	Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities The following table sets forth the components of the Company's accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Accounts payable $ 3,858 $ 5,009 Accrued liabilities 16,193 12,594 Accrued payroll and related benefits 4,505 5,105 Accrued sales and use tax 375 2,052 Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 24,931 $ 24,760

Debt

Debt	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt	Debt 2021 Bond Issuance On April 15, 2021, on behalf of Gevo NW Iowa RNG, LLC, the Iowa Finance Authority (the "Authority") issued $68,155,000 of its non-recourse Solid Waste Facility Revenue Bonds (Gevo NW Iowa RNG, LLC Renewable Natural Gas Project), Series 2021 (Green Bonds) (the "2021 Bonds") for NW Iowa RNG. The bond proceeds were used as a source of construction financing alongside equity from the Company. The 2021 Bonds were issued under a Trust Indenture dated April 1, 2021 (the "Indenture") between the Authority and Citibank, N.A. as trustee (the "Trustee"). The 2021 Bonds mature April 1, 2042. The bonds bear interest at 1.5% per annum during the Initial Term Rate Period (as defined in the Indenture), payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 of each year. The effective interest rate is 1.0%. The 2021 Bonds are supported by the $71.2 million Bond Letter of Credit; see Note 5, Restricted Cash. The Trustee can draw sufficient amounts on the Bond Letter of Credit to pay the principal and interest until the first mandatory tender date of April 1, 2024. The 2021 Bonds became callable and re-marketable on October 1, 2022. If the 2021 Bonds have not been called and re-marketed by the first mandatory tender date, the Trustee may draw on the Bond Letter of Credit to repay the 2021 Bonds in their entirety at the purchase price. As of March 31, 2023, no amounts have been drawn under the Bond Letter of Credit. The 2021 Bonds were issued at a premium of $0.8 million and debt issuance costs were $3.0 million. The bond debt is classified as non-current debt and is presented net of the premium and issuance costs, which are being amortized over the life of the 2021 Bonds using the interest method. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the premium balance and the debt issuance cost net of amortization were $0.3 million, $0.4 million, $1.0 million, and $1.3 million, respectively. Loans Payable In April 2020, the Company and Agri-Energy each entered into a loan agreement with Live Oak Banking Company, pursuant to which the Company and Agri-Energy obtained loans from the Small Business Administration's Paycheck Protection Program (“SBA PPP”) totaling $1.0 million in the aggregate (the "SBA Loans"). In April 2021, the entire balance of $0.5 million of the Company's and $0.1 million of Agri-Energy's loans and accrued interest obtained through the SBA PPP were forgiven. The remaining SBA Loan for Agri-Energy totals $0.2 million, bears interest at 1.0% per annum and matures in April 2025. Monthly payments of $8,230, including interest, began on June 5, 2021, and are payable through April 2025. The summary of the Company's debt is as follows (in thousands) as of: Interest Rate Maturity Date March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 2021 Bonds, net 1.5% April 2042 $ 67,408 $ 67,223 SBA Loans 1.0% April 2025 200 224 Equipment 4% to 5% December 2023 to December 2024 78 94 Total debt 67,686 67,541 Less: current portion (152) (159) Non-current portion $ 67,534 $ 67,382 Future payments for the Company's debt are as follows (in thousands): Year Ending December 31, Total Debt 2023 (remaining) $ 120 2024 67,537 2025 29 Total debt $ 67,686

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Equity incentive plans . In February 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the Gevo, Inc. 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended and restated to date, the "2010 Plan"), and the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP"). The 2010 Plan provides for the grant of non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and other equity awards to employees and directors of the Company. In June 2021, upon approval of the stockholders at the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the 2010 Plan was amended and restated, which increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan to 22,980,074 shares. At March 31, 2023, 4,109,441 shares were available for future issuance under the 2010 Plan. Stock-based compensation expense . The Company records stock-based compensation expense during the requisite service period for share-based payment awards granted to employees and non-employees. The following table sets forth the Company’s stock-based compensation expense for the periods indicated (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Equity Classified Awards Cost of production $ 18 $ 193 General and administrative 3,923 3,494 Other 736 357 Total equity classified awards 4,677 4,044 Liability Classified Awards General and administrative — 214 Total liability classified awards — 214 Total stock-based compensation $ 4,677 $ 4,258 Stock option award activity . Stock option activity under the Company’s stock incentive plans and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2023, were as follows: Number of Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price (1) Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Options outstanding at December 31, 2022 5,945,321 $ 4.65 9.6 $ — Granted 55,918 $ 2.12 $ — Canceled or forfeited (26,173) $ 8.04 $ — Exercised — $ — $ — Options outstanding at March 31, 2023 5,975,066 $ 4.62 9.1 $ — Options vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2023 1,492,796 $ 5.26 0.5 $ — (1) Exercise price of options outstanding range from $2.12 to $11,160 as of March 31, 2023 . The higher end of the range is due to the impact of several reverse stock splits during the years 2015 to 2018, subsequent to certain option grants, and relates to awards that expire during 2023. As of March 31, 2023 , the total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, relating to stock options was $11.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average period of approximately 1.9 years. Restricted stock . Non-vested restricted stock awards and the changes during the three months ended March 31, 2023, were as follows: Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value Outstanding at December 31, 2022 5,254,457 $ 3.94 Granted 89,334 $ 1.89 Vested and issued — $ — Canceled or forfeited (7,295) $ 3.39 Non-vested at March 31, 2023 5,336,496 $ 3.91 As of March 31, 2023, the total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, relating to restricted stock awards was $14.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average period of approximately 1.8 years. As of March 31, 2023, there are no liability-classified restricted stock awards.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income TaxesThe Company has incurred operating losses since inception; therefore no provision for income taxes was recorded and all related deferred tax assets are fully reserved. We continue to assess the impact of a deferred tax asset as it relates to income taxes.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Legal Matters . From time to time, the Company has been, and may again become, involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of its business. The Company is not presently a party to any litigation and is not aware of any pending or threatened litigation against the Company that it believes could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows. Indemnifications . In the ordinary course of its business, the Company makes certain indemnities under which it may be required to make payments in relation to certain transactions. As of March 31, 2023 , the Company did not have any liabilities associated with indemnities. In addition, the Company indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limitations. The duration of these indemnifications, commitments, and guarantees varies and, in certain cases, is indefinite. The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited; however, the Company has a director and officer insurance policy that may enable it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company accrues losses for any known contingent liability, including those that may arise from indemnification provisions, when future payment is probable. No such losses have been recorded to date. Environmental Liabilities . The Company’s operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations adopted by various governmental authorities in the jurisdictions in which it operates. These laws require the Company to investigate and remediate the effects of the release or disposal of materials at its locations. Accordingly, the Company has adopted policies, practices and procedures in the areas of pollution control, occupational health and the production, handling, storage and use of hazardous materials to prevent material environmental or other damage, and to limit the financial liability which could result from such events. Environmental liabilities are recorded when the Company’s liability is probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. No environmental liabilities have been recorded as of March 31, 2023. Fuel Supply Commitment. The Company has three long-term fuel supply contracts to source feedstock for the anaerobic digesters at the NW Iowa RNG project. These contracts provide an annual amount of feedstock to be used in the production of RNG. Praj Commitment. In June 2021 the Company contracted with a manufacturer in India to build a fractionation and hydrocarbon skid for $10.2 million. The remaining commitment for the contract is $3.6 million as of March 31, 2023. Zero6 Commitments. In September 2022, the Company entered into a development agreement with Zero6 to construct and operate a wind project for the provision of electric energy for NZ1. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company has committed to pay Zero6 total development charges of $8.6 million, comprised of advanced development fee payments of $0.9 million, certain reimbursable costs of $1.2 million, and $6.5 million upon completion of the project. The Company is not contractually obligated for the specified development charges until certain milestones are met in future periods, and upon completion of the project. Additionally, the Company's investment in Zero6, see Note 11 above, is pledged separately as collateral for two commitments for the purchase of wind electricity for the Luverne Facility, as well as the purchase of 100% of RCWF's renewable energy credits. Gevo has a commitment to purchase all of RCWF's electricity. The portion not used by the Luverne Facility is charged to the Company at a lower price. The estimated commitments as of March 31, 2023, and thereafter are shown below (in thousands): December 31, Total 2023 (remaining) 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 and thereafter Fuel Supply Payments $ 2,309 $ 2,408 $ 1,702 $ 1,718 $ 1,736 $ 28,263 $ 38,136 Zero6 Commitment 222 322 6,747 — — — 7,291 Praj Commitment 3,600 — — — — — 3,600 Renewable Energy Credits 114 152 152 152 152 1,877 2,599 Electricity Above Use (Est.) 234 321 332 345 357 5,498 7,087 Total $ 6,479 $ 3,203 $ 8,933 $ 2,215 $ 2,245 $ 35,638 $ 58,713

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements Accounting standards define fair value, outline a framework for measuring fair value, and detail the required disclosures about fair value measurements. Under these standards, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in the principal or most advantageous market. Standards establish a hierarchy in determining the fair market value of an asset or liability. The fair value hierarchy has three levels of inputs, both observable and unobservable. Standards require the utilization of the highest possible level of input to determine fair value. Level 1 – inputs include quoted market prices in an active market for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 – inputs are market data, other than Level 1, that are observable either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted market prices in an inactive market, and other observable information that can be corroborated by market data. Level 3 – inputs are unobservable and corroborated by little or no market data. The carrying value and fair value, by fair value hierarchy, of the Company's financial instruments at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 are as follows (in thousands): Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2023 Fair Value at March 31, 2023 Quoted Prices in Significant Other Significant Cash and cash equivalents (1) $ 342,283 $ 342,283 $ — $ — Marketable securities $ 32,897 $ 32,897 $ — $ — Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 Fair Value at December 31, 2022 Quoted Prices in Significant Other Significant Cash and cash equivalents (1) $ 237,125 $ 237,125 $ — $ — $ — Marketable securities $ 167,408 $ 167,408 $ — $ — (1) Cash and cash equivalents includes $317.3 million and $200.7 million invested in J.P Morgan U.S. government money market funds as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Company had no transfers of assets or liabilities between fair value hierarchy levels between December 31, 2022, and March 31, 2023. For the 2021 Bonds, the fair values are estimated using the Black-Derman-Toy interest rate lattice framework. The effective maturity of the 2021 Bonds was assumed to be April 1, 2024 (three years from issuance) with repayment of 100% of principal on that date. The impact of the Company's optional redemption feature, effective October 1, 2022, is appropriately captured by the Black-Derman-Toy interest rate lattice. The carrying values and estimated fair values of the 2021 Bonds as of March 31, 2023, are summarized as follows (in thousands): Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value 2021 Bonds $ 67,408 $ 65,334

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders' Equity Share Issuances In February 2018, the Company commenced an at-the-market offering program, which allows it to sell and issue shares of its common stock from time to time. In 2021, the at-the-market offering program was amended to provide a total capacity of $500.0 million. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has remaining capacity to issue up to approximately $360.6 million of common stock under the at-the-market offering program. On June 8, 2022, the Company completed a registered direct offering ("the June 2022 Offering") of an aggregate of 33,333,336 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $4.50 per share, accompanied by Series 2022-A warrants to purchase an aggregate of 33,333,336 shares of the Company’s common stock (each, a “Series 2022-A Warrant”) pursuant to a securities purchase agreement with certain institutional and accredited investors. The Series 2022-A Warrants are exercisable for a term of five years from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $4.37 per share. As of March 31, 2023, none of the Series 2022-A Warrants had been exercised. The net proceeds to the Company from the June 2022 Offering were $139.2 million, after deducting placement agent's fees, advisory fees and other offering expenses payable by the Company, and assuming none of the Series 2022-A Warrants issued in the June 2022 Offering are exercised for cash. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the June 2022 Offering to fund capital projects, working capital and for general corporate purposes . Warrants In addition to the Series 2022-A Warrants, the Company has warrants outstanding that were issued in conjunction with a registered direct offering in August 2020 (the “Series 2020-A Warrants”). The Company evaluated the Series 2022-A Warrants and Series 2020-A Warrants for liability or equity classification and determined that equity treatment was appropriate because both the Series 2022-A Warrants and Series 2020-A Warrants do not meet the definition of liability instruments. The Series 2022-A Warrants and Series 2020-A Warrants are classified as a component of permanent equity because they are freestanding financial instruments that are legally detachable and separately exercisable from the shares of common stock with which they were issued, are immediately exercisable and will expire five years from the date of issuance, do not embody an obligation for the Company to repurchase its shares, and permit the holders to receive a fixed number of shares of common stock upon exercise. In addition, the Series 2022-A Warrants and Series 2020-A Warrants do not provide any guarantee of value or return. The Company valued the Series 2022-A Warrants and Series 2020-A Warrants at issuance using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value at the issuance date of the Series 2022-A Warrants was $92.9 million with the key inputs to the valuation model including a weighted average volatility of 151.1%, a risk-free rate of 2.86% and an expected term of five years. The fair value at the issuance date of the Series 2020-A Warrants was $8.3 million with the key inputs to the valuation model including a weighted average volatility of 130%, a risk-free rate of 0.30% and an expected term of five years. While the Company believes that its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, it recognizes that the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. On February 17, 2022, the remaining Series K warrants expired with 7,126 unexercised warrants. The following table sets forth information pertaining to shares issued upon the exercise of warrants: Issuance Date Expiration Date Exercise Price as of March 31, 2023 Shares Underlying Warrants on Issuance Date Shares Issued upon Warrant Exercises as of March 31, 2023 Shares Underlying Warrants Outstanding as of March 31, 2023 Series 2020-A Warrants (1) 7/6/2020 7/6/2025 $ 0.60 30,000,000 29,914,069 85,931 Series 2022-A Warrants (1) 6/8/2022 6/7/2027 $ 4.37 33,333,336 — 33,333,336 Total Warrants 63,333,336 29,914,069 33,419,267 (1) Equity-classified warrants. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 , no warrants were exercised.

Segments

Segments	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segments	Segments Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, management has determined that the Company has organized its operations and activities into three reportable segments: (i) Gevo segment; (ii) Agri-Energy segment; and (iii) Renewable Natural Gas seg ment. T ransactions between segments are eliminated in consolidation. Gevo segment . The Gevo segment is responsible for all research and development activities related to transforming renewable energy into energy-dense liquid hydrocarbons that can be used as renewable fuels, such as SAF, with the potential to achieve a “net-zero” greenhouse gas ("GHG") footprint; commercial opportunities for other renewable hydrocarbon products, such as hydrocarbons for gasoline blendstocks and diesel fuel; ingredients for the chemical industry, such as ethylene and butenes; plastics and materials; and other chemicals. The Gevo segment also develops, maintains and protects its intellectual property portfolio, provides corporate oversight services, and is responsible for development and construction of our Net-Zero Projects. Agri-Energy segment . The Agri-Energy segment is currently responsible for the operation of the Company’s Luverne Facility and the development and optimization of the pro duction of isobutanol, ethanol and related products. Renewable Natural Gas segment . The Renewable Natural Gas segment produces pipeline quality methane gas captured from dairy cow manure. Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Revenues $ 397 $ — $ 3,663 $ 4,060 Loss from Operations $ (15,499) $ (3,147) $ (2,211) $ (20,857) Acquisitions of patents, plant, property and equipment $ 9,977 $ — $ 1,457 $ 11,434 Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Revenues $ 63 $ 169 $ — $ 232 Loss from Operations $ (12,124) $ (3,808) $ (23) $ (15,955) Acquisitions of patents, plant, property and equipment $ 4,438 $ 3,947 $ 10,393 $ 18,778 March 31, 2023 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Total assets $ 560,914 $ 32,109 $ 95,671 $ 688,694 December 31, 2022 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Total assets $ 573,057 $ 34,440 $ 93,251 $ 700,748

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events Recent Agreements. On May 5, 2023, Gevo entered into a Side Agreement (the "Side Agreement") with Axens, which modifies the exclusivity provisions contained in the Company's existing agreement with Axens, permitting Axens to provide certain services and grant certain licenses relating to the conversion of ethanol to hydrocarbons fuels via dehydration, oligomerization, and saturation in certain areas of the Midwest to Phillips 66 Company (“P66”), Archer-Daniels-Midland Company (“ADM” and together with P66, the "Potential Partners"), or a joint venture entity between ADM and P66 (the "JV"). In connection with the Side Agreement, and as consideration for Gevo to share Axens’ technology with P66 and ADM, Gevo, P66 and ADM entered into a Technology Access Agreement, dated as of May 5, 2023 (the “TAA”). As consideration for Gevo entering into the TAA and the Side Agreement, the Potential Partners shall cause the applicable JV to pay Gevo certain milestone payments in connection with the development and production of the hydrocarbon fuels, expected to equal to $50 million if all milestones are achieved. Additionally, the Potential Partners will cause the applicable JV to make royalty payments to Gevo on such renewable hydrocarbons produced during a certain period (subject to a cap) and described in the TAA. The royalty payments are expected to equal at least $75 million if certain conditions and production milestones are achieved. LG Chem Agreement . In April 2023, Gevo entered into a joint development agreement with LG Chem, Ltd. ("LG Chem") to develop bio-propylene for renewable chemicals using Gevo’s Ethanol-to-Olefins ("ETO") technology. Under the terms of the agreement, Gevo will provide the core enabling technology it has developed for renewable olefins to be produced from low-carbon ethanol and together the parties will collaborate to accelerate the pilot research, technical scale-up, and commercialization of bio-propylene. LG Chem is expected to bear all scale-up costs for chemicals, in addition to remitting certain payments to Gevo of $1.3 million in the second quarter of 2023, and $1.2 million over the next two years to help defray a portion of the costs associated with the joint development efforts.

Nature of Business, Financial_2

Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation (Policies)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of presentation	Basis of presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) along with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. Accordingly, they do not include all information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for the three months ended, March 31, 2023, and are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included under the heading “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in Part II, Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 . The financial statements at December 31, 2022, have been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. For further information, refer to our audited financial statements and notes thereto included for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 Annual Report").
Reclassifications	Reclassifications. The Company reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications included the categorization of depreciation and amortization on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and had no impact on total revenues, total operating expenses, net loss or stockholders' equity for any period.

Revenues from Contracts with _2

Revenues from Contracts with Customers and Other Revenues (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Disaggregation of Revenue	The following table displays the Company’s revenue by major source based on product type (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, Major Goods/Service Line 2023 2022 Ethanol sales and related products, net $ — $ 169 Hydrocarbon revenue 397 63 Renewable natural gas commodity 130 — Environmental attribute revenue 3,533 — Total operating revenue $ 4,060 $ 232

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Net Loss Per Share	Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated as follows (net loss in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Net loss $ (17,618) $ (15,673) Basic weighted-average shares outstanding 237,260,681 201,925,747 Net loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.07) $ (0.08)

Marketable Securities (Tables)

Marketable Securities (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Schedule of Investments in Marketable Securities	The Company's investments in marketable securities are stated at fair value and are available for sale. The following table summarizes the Company's investments in marketable securities (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Marketable securities (current) U.S. Treasury notes $ 11,005 $ (61) $ 10,944 U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities 22,007 (54) 21,953 Total marketable securities (current) $ 33,012 $ (115) $ 32,897 December 31, 2022 Amortized Cost Basis Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Marketable securities (current) U.S. Treasury notes $ 56,418 $ (344) $ 56,074 U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities 112,030 (696) 111,334 Total marketable securities (current) $ 168,448 $ (1,040) $ 167,408

Prepaid Expenses and Other Cu_2

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets	The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s prepaid expenses and other current assets (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Prepaid insurance $ 1,744 $ 911 Interest receivable 1,219 514 Prepaid feedstock 1,097 1,097 Prepaid other 925 512 Total prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 4,985 $ 3,034

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets a_2

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Lease, Cost	The following tables present the (i) other quantitative information and (ii) future minimum payments under non-cancelable financing and operating leases as they relate to the Company’s leases (in thousands, except for weighted averages): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Other Information Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from finance leases $ 23 $ 1 Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 74 $ 287 Finance cash flows from finance leases $ 2 $ 1 Weighted-average remaining lease term, finance lease (months) 308 314 Weighted-average remaining lease term, operating leases (months) 61 68 Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases (1) 12% 11% Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases (1) 5% 5% (1) Our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate; we calculate the lease liability at lease commencement as the present value of unpaid lease payments using our estimated incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term and is determined using a portfolio approach based on information available at the commencement date of the lease.
Operating Lease, Liability, Fiscal Year Maturity	Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2023 (remaining) $ 454 $ 30 2024 305 31 2025 315 25 2026 324 25 2027 334 25 2028 and thereafter 373 571 Total 2,105 707 Less: amounts representing present value discounts (292) (464) Total lease liabilities 1,813 243 Less: current portion (421) (59) Non-current portion $ 1,392 $ 184
Finance Lease, Liability, Fiscal Year Maturity	Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2023 (remaining) $ 454 $ 30 2024 305 31 2025 315 25 2026 324 25 2027 334 25 2028 and thereafter 373 571 Total 2,105 707 Less: amounts representing present value discounts (292) (464) Total lease liabilities 1,813 243 Less: current portion (421) (59) Non-current portion $ 1,392 $ 184

Inventories (Tables)

Inventories (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Inventories	The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s inventory balances (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Raw materials Consumables $ 29 $ 29 Catalyst 77 139 Finished goods SAF, Isooctane, Isooctene and other 1,061 1,457 Isobutanol 124 124 Work in process Environmental attributes, net of allowance of $2,122 and $2,378, respectively 2,656 4,193 Jet fuel 51 51 Spare parts 357 354 Total inventories $ 4,355 $ 6,347

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, Plant, and Equipment (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment	The following table sets forth the Company’s property, plant and equipment by classification (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Land $ 6,452 $ 6,452 Plant facilities and infrastructure 76,875 76,900 Machinery and equipment 88,002 87,248 Furniture and office equipment 2,990 2,977 Software 2,217 2,217 Construction in progress 82,780 72,717 Total property, plant and equipment 259,316 248,511 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (75,454) (71,639) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 183,862 $ 176,872

Intangible Assets (Tables)

Intangible Assets (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets	The following tables set forth the Company’s intangible assets by classification (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Identifiable Intangible Assets, net Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years) Patents $ 4,580 $ (1,184) $ 3,396 7.4 Defensive assets 4,900 (896) 4,004 8.4 Intangible assets $ 9,480 $ (2,080) $ 7,400 7.9 December 31, 2022 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Identifiable Intangible Assets, Net Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years) Patents $ 4,580 $ (1,039) $ 3,541 7.4 Defensive assets 4,900 (750) 4,150 8.4 Intangible assets $ 9,480 $ (1,789) $ 7,691 7.9
Schedule of Estimated Net Amortization of Identifiable Intangible Assets	The following table details the estimated amortization of intangible assets as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands): Year Ending December 31, Patents Defensive Assets Total 2023 (remaining) $ 437 $ 439 $ 876 2024 582 586 1,168 2025 582 586 1,168 2026 582 586 1,168 2027 582 586 1,168 2028 and thereafter 631 1,221 1,852 Total intangible assets $ 3,396 $ 4,004 $ 7,400

Deposits and Other Assets (Tabl

Deposits and Other Assets (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Other Assets, Noncurrent [Abstract]
Deposits and Other Assets	The following table sets forth the components of the Company's deposits and other assets (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Deposits (1) $ 276 $ 276 Prepaid feedstock (2) 1,175 934 Equity interest (3) 1,500 1,500 Exclusivity fees (4) 2,522 2,522 Deposits receivable (5) 18,961 8,302 Other assets, net (6) 8,353 8,460 Total deposits and other assets $ 32,787 $ 21,994 (1) Deposits for legal services and products for NZ1. (2) Prepaid feedstock fees, non-current, for the production of RNG. (3) The Company directly holds a 4.6% int erest in the Series A Preferred Stock of Zero6 Clean Energy Assets, Inc. ("Zero6"), formerly Juhl Clean Energy Assets, Inc., which is not a publicly listed entity with a readily determinable fair value. The Company therefore measures the securities at cost, which is deemed to be the value indicated by the last observable transaction in Zero6's stock, subject to impairment. The equity interest in Zero6 is also pledged as collateral against two future obligations to Rock County Wind Fuel, LLC ("RCWF"), a Zero6 subsidiary, see Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information. (4) Axens will provide certain alcohol-to-SAF technologies and services exclusively provided to the Company which may be offset against future license fees subject to the delivery of a process design package. (5) Deposits provided to a developer of certain wind-farm projects and power utility contractor to induce the contractor to design and construct the power generation, transmission and distribution facilities that will serve NZ1, $5.5 million of which will be either reimbursed or used as an investment into wind generation facility and the remaining $13.5 million is expected to be fully reimbursed upon completion of the project. Gevo has contractual priority liens against the equipment and constructed facilities under the contracts. (6) Payments which were allocated to the non-lease fuel supply, primarily related to sand separation systems, to support NW Iowa RNG fuel supply agreements prior to commencement of operations, being amortized over the life of the project.

Accounts Payable and Accrued _2

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Schedule of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities	The following table sets forth the components of the Company's accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands) as of: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Accounts payable $ 3,858 $ 5,009 Accrued liabilities 16,193 12,594 Accrued payroll and related benefits 4,505 5,105 Accrued sales and use tax 375 2,052 Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 24,931 $ 24,760

Debt (Tables)

Debt (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of 2021 Bonds and Loans Payable - Other	The summary of the Company's debt is as follows (in thousands) as of: Interest Rate Maturity Date March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 2021 Bonds, net 1.5% April 2042 $ 67,408 $ 67,223 SBA Loans 1.0% April 2025 200 224 Equipment 4% to 5% December 2023 to December 2024 78 94 Total debt 67,686 67,541 Less: current portion (152) (159) Non-current portion $ 67,534 $ 67,382
Schedule of Future Principal Payments for Debt	Future payments for the Company's debt are as follows (in thousands): Year Ending December 31, Total Debt 2023 (remaining) $ 120 2024 67,537 2025 29 Total debt $ 67,686

Stock-Based Compensation (Table

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense	The following table sets forth the Company’s stock-based compensation expense for the periods indicated (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 2022 Equity Classified Awards Cost of production $ 18 $ 193 General and administrative 3,923 3,494 Other 736 357 Total equity classified awards 4,677 4,044 Liability Classified Awards General and administrative — 214 Total liability classified awards — 214 Total stock-based compensation $ 4,677 $ 4,258
Schedule Stock Option Award Activity	Stock option activity under the Company’s stock incentive plans and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2023, were as follows: Number of Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price (1) Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Options outstanding at December 31, 2022 5,945,321 $ 4.65 9.6 $ — Granted 55,918 $ 2.12 $ — Canceled or forfeited (26,173) $ 8.04 $ — Exercised — $ — $ — Options outstanding at March 31, 2023 5,975,066 $ 4.62 9.1 $ — Options vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2023 1,492,796 $ 5.26 0.5 $ — (1) Exercise price of options outstanding range from $2.12 to $11,160 as of March 31, 2023 . The higher end of the range is due to the impact of several reverse stock splits during the years 2015 to 2018, subsequent to certain option grants, and relates to awards that expire during 2023.
Schedule of Non-vested Restricted Stock Awards	Non-vested restricted stock awards and the changes during the three months ended March 31, 2023, were as follows: Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value Outstanding at December 31, 2022 5,254,457 $ 3.94 Granted 89,334 $ 1.89 Vested and issued — $ — Canceled or forfeited (7,295) $ 3.39 Non-vested at March 31, 2023 5,336,496 $ 3.91

Commitment and Contingencies (T

Commitment and Contingencies (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Estimated Commitments	The estimated commitments as of March 31, 2023, and thereafter are shown below (in thousands): December 31, Total 2023 (remaining) 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 and thereafter Fuel Supply Payments $ 2,309 $ 2,408 $ 1,702 $ 1,718 $ 1,736 $ 28,263 $ 38,136 Zero6 Commitment 222 322 6,747 — — — 7,291 Praj Commitment 3,600 — — — — — 3,600 Renewable Energy Credits 114 152 152 152 152 1,877 2,599 Electricity Above Use (Est.) 234 321 332 345 357 5,498 7,087 Total $ 6,479 $ 3,203 $ 8,933 $ 2,215 $ 2,245 $ 35,638 $ 58,713

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements, Recurring and Nonrecurring	The carrying value and fair value, by fair value hierarchy, of the Company's financial instruments at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 are as follows (in thousands): Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2023 Fair Value at March 31, 2023 Quoted Prices in Significant Other Significant Cash and cash equivalents (1) $ 342,283 $ 342,283 $ — $ — Marketable securities $ 32,897 $ 32,897 $ — $ — Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 Fair Value at December 31, 2022 Quoted Prices in Significant Other Significant Cash and cash equivalents (1) $ 237,125 $ 237,125 $ — $ — $ — Marketable securities $ 167,408 $ 167,408 $ — $ — (1) Cash and cash equivalents includes $317.3 million and $200.7 million invested in J.P Morgan U.S. government money market funds as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments	The carrying values and estimated fair values of the 2021 Bonds as of March 31, 2023, are summarized as follows (in thousands): Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value 2021 Bonds $ 67,408 $ 65,334

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Warrants	The following table sets forth information pertaining to shares issued upon the exercise of warrants: Issuance Date Expiration Date Exercise Price as of March 31, 2023 Shares Underlying Warrants on Issuance Date Shares Issued upon Warrant Exercises as of March 31, 2023 Shares Underlying Warrants Outstanding as of March 31, 2023 Series 2020-A Warrants (1) 7/6/2020 7/6/2025 $ 0.60 30,000,000 29,914,069 85,931 Series 2022-A Warrants (1) 6/8/2022 6/7/2027 $ 4.37 33,333,336 — 33,333,336 Total Warrants 63,333,336 29,914,069 33,419,267 (1) Equity-classified warrants.

Segments (Tables)

Segments (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Revenues $ 397 $ — $ 3,663 $ 4,060 Loss from Operations $ (15,499) $ (3,147) $ (2,211) $ (20,857) Acquisitions of patents, plant, property and equipment $ 9,977 $ — $ 1,457 $ 11,434 Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Revenues $ 63 $ 169 $ — $ 232 Loss from Operations $ (12,124) $ (3,808) $ (23) $ (15,955) Acquisitions of patents, plant, property and equipment $ 4,438 $ 3,947 $ 10,393 $ 18,778 March 31, 2023 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Total assets $ 560,914 $ 32,109 $ 95,671 $ 688,694 December 31, 2022 Gevo Agri-Energy Renewable Natural Gas Consolidated Total assets $ 573,057 $ 34,440 $ 93,251 $ 700,748

Nature of Business, Financial_3

Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation (Details) milking_cow in Thousands, ft² in Thousands, lb in Millions	Mar. 31, 2023 ft² a dairy milking_cow lb gal
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Number of dairies | dairy	3
Number of milking cows | milking_cow	20
Lake Preston, South Dakota | Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Project production capacity (in gallon per year) | gal	65,000,000
Lake Preston, South Dakota | Hydrocarbon revenue
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Project production capacity (in gallon per year) | gal	60
Lake Preston, South Dakota | High-Value Protein Products
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Project production capacity (in pound per year) | lb	1,390
Lake Preston, South Dakota | Corn Oil
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Project production capacity (in pound per year) | lb	34
Luverne, Minnesota | Land
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Area of land (in acres) | a	55
Luverne, Minnesota | Building and Building Improvements
Nature of Business, Financial Condition and Basis of Presentation [Line Items]
Area of real estate property | ft²	50

Revenues from Contracts with _3

Revenues from Contracts with Customers and Other Revenues - Contracts with Customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenues	$ 4,060	$ 232
Ethanol sales and related products, net
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenues	0	169
Hydrocarbon revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenues	397	63
Renewable natural gas commodity
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenues	130	0
Environmental attributes
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenues	$ 3,533	$ 0

Revenues from Contracts with _4

Revenues from Contracts with Customers and Other Revenues - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue recognized	$ 0

Net Loss Per Share - Narrative

Net Loss Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Potential anti-dilutive shares excluded from net loss per share calculation	58,651	72,434

Net Loss Per Share - Basic and

Net Loss Per Share - Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (17,618)	$ (15,673)
Net loss	$ (17,618)	$ (15,673)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	237,260,681	201,925,747
Net loss per share - basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.08)
Net loss per share - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.08)

Marketable Securities - Investm

Marketable Securities - Investments In Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost Basis	$ 33,012	$ 168,448
Gross Unrealized Losses	(115)	(1,040)
Fair Value	32,897	167,408
U.S. Treasury notes
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost Basis	11,005	56,418
Gross Unrealized Losses	(61)	(344)
Fair Value	10,944	56,074
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost Basis	22,007	112,030
Gross Unrealized Losses	(54)	(696)
Fair Value	$ 21,953	$ 111,334

Marketable Securities - Narrati

Marketable Securities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Interest receivable	$ 1,219		$ 514
Interest income	600	$ 1,600
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Interest receivable	$ 200

Restricted Cash (Details)

Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Apr. 15, 2021
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Deposited of restricted cash		$ 77,800,000
2021 Bonds, net
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Debt collateral amount			$ 71,200,000
Bond Letter of Credit
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Line of credit annual fee percentage		0.50%
Letters of credit outstanding		$ 0
Power Letter of Credit
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Line of credit annual fee percentage	0.30%
Debt collateral amount		6,600,000
Letters of credit outstanding		$ 0

Prepaid Expenses and Other Cu_3

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Prepaid insurance	$ 1,744	$ 911
Interest receivable	1,219	514
Prepaid feedstock	1,097	1,097
Prepaid other	925	512
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 4,985	$ 3,034

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets a_3

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2023 contract site
Leases [Abstract]
Number of finance lease | contract	4
Number of digester sites | site	3

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets a_4

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities - Other Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$ 23	$ 1
Operating cash flows from operating leases	74	287
Finance cash flows from finance leases	$ 2	$ 1
Weighted-average remaining lease term, finance lease (months)	308 months	314 months
Weighted-average remaining lease term, operating leases (months)	61 months	68 months
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	12%	11%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	5%	5%

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets a_5

Leases, Right-of-Use Assets and Related Liabilities - Future Minimum Payments Under Non-Cancelable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Leases
2023 (remaining)	$ 454
2024	305
2025	315
2026	324
2027	334
2028 and thereafter	373
Total	2,105
Less: amounts representing present value discounts	(292)
Total lease liabilities	1,813
Less: current portion	(421)	$ (438)
Non-current portion	1,392	1,450
Finance Leases
2023 (remaining)	30
2024	31
2025	25
2026	25
2027	25
2028 and thereafter	571
Total	707
Less: amounts representing present value discounts	(464)
Total lease liabilities	243
Less: current portion	(59)	(79)
Non-current portion	$ 184	$ 183

Inventories - Components of Inv

Inventories - Components of Inventory Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventory [Line Items]
Spare parts	$ 357	$ 354
Total inventories	4,355	6,347
Consumables
Inventory [Line Items]
Raw materials	29	29
Catalyst
Inventory [Line Items]
Raw materials	77	139
SAF, Isooctane, Isooctene and other
Inventory [Line Items]
Finished goods	1,061	1,457
Isobutanol
Inventory [Line Items]
Finished goods	124	124
Environmental attributes
Inventory [Line Items]
Work in process	2,656	4,193
Inventory, allowance	2,122	2,378
Jet fuel
Inventory [Line Items]
Work in process	$ 51	$ 51

Inventories - Narrative (Detail

Inventories - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Finished Goods And Work In Process Inventory
Inventory [Line Items]
Inventory write-down	$ 0	$ 2.9

Property, Plant, and Equipmen_2

Property, Plant, and Equipment - Property, Plant and Equipment by Classification (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 259,316	$ 248,511
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(75,454)	(71,639)
Property, plant and equipment, net	183,862	176,872
Land
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	6,452	6,452
Plant facilities and infrastructure
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	76,875	76,900
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	88,002	87,248
Furniture and office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	2,990	2,977
Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	2,217	2,217
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 82,780	$ 72,717

Property, Plant, and Equipmen_3

Property, Plant, and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation expense	$ 4,200	$ 1,200
Property, plant and equipment, gross	259,316		$ 248,511
Interest expense capitalized	0	$ 500
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	82,780		72,717
Construction in progress accrual	13,300
Construction in progress | Gevo
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	28,900		25,900
Construction in progress | Agri-Energy
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	11,400		11,400
Construction in progress | NW Lowa RNG
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	1,600		1,000
Construction in progress | NZ1
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 40,900		$ 34,400

Intangible Assets - Identifiabl

Intangible Assets - Identifiable Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 9,480	$ 9,480
Accumulated Amortization	(2,080)	(1,789)
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net	$ 7,400	$ 7,691
Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years)	7 years 10 months 24 days	7 years 10 months 24 days
Patents
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 4,580	$ 4,580
Accumulated Amortization	(1,184)	(1,039)
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net	$ 3,396	$ 3,541
Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years)	7 years 4 months 24 days	7 years 4 months 24 days
Defensive assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 4,900	$ 4,900
Accumulated Amortization	(896)	(750)
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net	$ 4,004	$ 4,150
Weighted-Average Useful Life (Years)	8 years 4 months 24 days	8 years 4 months 24 days

Intangible Assets - Narrative (

Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization expense	$ 0.3	$ 0.3

Intangible Assets - Estimated A

Intangible Assets - Estimated Amortization of Identifiable Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2023 (remaining)	$ 876
2024	1,168
2025	1,168
2026	1,168
2027	1,168
2028 and thereafter	1,852
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net	7,400	$ 7,691
Patents
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2023 (remaining)	437
2024	582
2025	582
2026	582
2027	582
2028 and thereafter	631
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net	3,396	3,541
Defensive assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2023 (remaining)	439
2024	586
2025	586
2026	586
2027	586
2028 and thereafter	1,221
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net	$ 4,004	$ 4,150

Deposits and Other Assets (Deta

Deposits and Other Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Deposits and Other Assets [Line Items]
Deposits	$ 276	$ 276
Prepaid feedstock	1,175	934
Equity interest	1,500	1,500
Exclusivity fees	2,522	2,522
Deposits receivable	18,961	8,302
Other assets, net	8,353	8,460
Total deposits and other assets	32,787	$ 21,994
Deposits receivable, reimbursed or used as investment	5,500
Deposits receivable, fully reimbursed upon completion	$ 13,500
Juhl
Deposits and Other Assets [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividend rate	4.60%

Accounts Payable and Accrued _3

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Line Items]
Accounts payable	$ 3,858	$ 5,009
Accrued payroll and related benefits	4,505	5,105
Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities	24,931	24,760
NW Lowa RNG
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Line Items]
Accrued liabilities	16,193	12,594
Net Zero Segment
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Line Items]
Accrued sales and use tax	$ 375	$ 2,052

Debt - Narrative (Details)

Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2021	Apr. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Apr. 15, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt			$ 67,686,000	$ 67,541,000
2021 Bonds, net
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount					$ 68,155,000
Interest rate					1.50%
Effective interest rate (in percent)					1%
Debt collateral amount					$ 71,200,000
Debt premium			300,000	400,000	800,000
Debt issuance costs			$ 1,000,000	1,300,000	$ 3,000,000
2021 Bonds, net | Loans Payable
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate			1.50%
Long-term debt			$ 67,408,000	67,223,000
SBA Loans | Loans Payable
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate			1%
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		$ 1,000,000
Debt instrument, decrease, forgiveness	$ 500,000
Long-term debt			$ 200,000	$ 224,000
Debt Instrument, monthly payment	$ 8,230
SBA Loans | Loans Payable | Agri-Energy
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate	1%
Debt instrument, decrease, forgiveness	$ 100,000
Long-term debt	$ 200,000

Debt - 2021 Bonds and Loans Pay

Debt - 2021 Bonds and Loans Payable - Other (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Apr. 15, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, total	$ 67,686	$ 67,541
Less: current portion	(152)	(159)
Non-current portion	$ 67,534	67,382
2021 Bonds, net
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate			1.50%
Loans Payable | 2021 Bonds, net
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	1.50%
Long-term debt, total	$ 67,408	67,223
Loans Payable | SBA Loans
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	1%
Long-term debt, total	$ 200	224
Loans Payable | Equipment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, total	$ 78	$ 94
Loans Payable | Equipment | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	4%
Loans Payable | Equipment | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5%

Debt - Future Principal Payment

Debt - Future Principal Payments for Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
2023 (remaining)	$ 120
2024	67,537
2025	29
Long-term debt, total	$ 67,686	$ 67,541

Stock-Based Compensation - Narr

Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2021
Schedule of Equity Incentive Plans [Line Items]
Number of shares available for awards (in shares)	4,109,441
Stock option
Schedule of Equity Incentive Plans [Line Items]
Total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, relating to stock options	$ 11.6
Share-based payment arrangement, nonvested award, cost not yet recognized, period for recognition (year)	1 year 10 months 24 days
Restricted Stock
Schedule of Equity Incentive Plans [Line Items]
Share-based payment arrangement, nonvested award, cost not yet recognized, period for recognition (year)	1 year 9 months 18 days
Total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, relating to restricted stock awards	$ 14.3
2010 Plan
Schedule of Equity Incentive Plans [Line Items]
Number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance (in shares)		22,980,074

Stock-based Compensation - Stoc

Stock-based Compensation - Stock-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 4,677	$ 4,258
Equity Classified Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	4,677	4,044
Equity Classified Awards | Cost of production
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	18	193
Equity Classified Awards | General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	3,923	3,494
Equity Classified Awards | Other
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	736	357
Liability Classified Awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	0	214
Liability Classified Awards | General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 0	$ 214

Stock-based Compensation - St_2

Stock-based Compensation - Stock Option Award Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of Options
Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in shares)	5,945,321,000
Granted (in shares)	55,918,000
Canceled or forfeited (in shares)	(26,173,000)
Exercised (in shares)	0
Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares)	5,975,066,000	5,945,321,000
Options vested and expected to vest (in shares)	1,492,796,000
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Beginning Balance (in dollars per share)	$ 4,650
Granted (in dollars per share)	2,120
Canceled or forfeited (in dollars per share)	8.04
Exercised (in dollars per share)	0
Ending Balance (in dollars per share)	4.62	$ 4,650
Options vested and expected to vest (in dollars per share)	$ 5.26
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) And Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	9 years 1 month 6 days	9 years 7 months 6 days
Options Vested and Expected to Vest, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	6 months
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 0	$ 0
Granted, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	0
Canceled or forfeited, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	0
Exercised, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	0
Options vested and expected to vest	$ 0
Minimum
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) And Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercise price of options outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 2.12
Maximum
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) And Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercise price of options outstanding (in dollars per share)	$ 11,160

Stock-based Compensation - Non-

Stock-based Compensation - Non-vested Restricted Stock (Details) - Restricted Stock	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Outstanding , Beginning Balance (in shares) | shares	5,254,457,000
Granted (in shares) | shares	89,334,000
Vested and issued (in shares) | shares	0
Canceled or forfeited (in shares) | shares	(7,295,000)
Nonvested, Ending Balance (in shares) | shares	5,336,496,000
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding , Beginning Balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 3.94
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	1.89
Vested and issued (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0
Canceled or forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	3.39
Nonvested, Ending Balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 3.91

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) contract commitment	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Liabilities associated with indemnities		$ 0
Losses accrual for known contingent liability		0
Environmental liabilities		$ 0
Number of long-term fuel supply contracts | contract		3
Contractual obligation		$ 3,600,000	$ 10,200,000
Number of commitments with collateral | commitment		2
Commitment collateral, percentage of renewable energy credits		100%
Development Agreement with Juhl
Gain Contingencies [Line Items]
Collaborative arrangement, development charges committed to pay	$ 8,600,000
Collaborative arrangement, advanced development fee payments committed	900,000
Collaborative arrangement reimbursable costs	1,200,000
Collaborative arrangement, development charges committed, upon completion	$ 6,500,000

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2023 (remaining)	$ 6,479
2024	3,203
2025	8,933
2026	2,215
2027	2,245
2028 and thereafter	35,638
Purchase Obligation, Total	58,713
Fuel Supply Payments
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2023 (remaining)	2,309
2024	2,408
2025	1,702
2026	1,718
2027	1,736
2028 and thereafter	28,263
Purchase Obligation, Total	38,136
Zero6 Commitment
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2023 (remaining)	222
2024	322
2025	6,747
2026	0
2027	0
2028 and thereafter	0
Purchase Obligation, Total	7,291
Praj Commitment
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2023 (remaining)	3,600
2024	0
2025	0
2026	0
2027	0
2028 and thereafter	0
Purchase Obligation, Total	3,600
Renewable Energy Credits
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2023 (remaining)	114
2024	152
2025	152
2026	152
2027	152
2028 and thereafter	1,877
Purchase Obligation, Total	2,599
Electricity Above Use (Est.)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2023 (remaining)	234
2024	321
2025	332
2026	345
2027	357
2028 and thereafter	5,498
Purchase Obligation, Total	$ 7,087

Fair Value Measurements - Fair

Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value Measurements, Recurring and Nonrecurring (Details) - Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 342,283	$ 237,125
Marketable securities	32,897	167,408
Money Market Funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	317,300	200,700
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	342,283	237,125
Marketable securities	32,897	167,408
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	0	0
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	$ 0	$ 0

Fair Value Measurements - Narra

Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - 2021 Bonds, net	Apr. 15, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument, term	3 years
Percentage of principal payment on maturity date	100%

Fair Value Measurements - Carry

Fair Value Measurements - Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values (Details) - 2021 Bonds, net $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fair value disclosure	$ 67,408
Estimated Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fair value disclosure	$ 65,334

Stockholders' Equity- Narrative

Stockholders' Equity- Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 08, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Feb. 17, 2022 shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)			33,419,267,000
Series 2022-A Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)			33,333,336,000
Warrants exercisable term (in years)	5 years
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 4.37
Warrants and rights outstanding | $	$ 92.9
Series 2022-A Warrants | Volatility
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, measurement input	1.511
Series 2022-A Warrants | Risk Free Interest Rate
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, measurement input	0.0286
Series 2022-A Warrants | Expected Term
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercisable term (in years)	5 years
Series 2020-A Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants outstanding (in shares)			85,931,000
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 0.60
Warrants and rights outstanding | $	$ 8.3
Series 2020-A Warrants | Volatility
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, measurement input	1.30
Series 2020-A Warrants | Risk Free Interest Rate
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and rights outstanding, measurement input	0.0030
Series 2020-A Warrants | Expected Term
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercisable term (in years)	5 years
Series K Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants unexercised (in shares)				7,126
At The Market Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Sale of stock, authorized amount | $		$ 500
Offering program remaining capacity | $			$ 360.6
June 2022 Offering
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Sale of stock, Issuance of common stock (in shares)	33,333,336
Sale of stock, price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 4.50
Warrants outstanding (in shares)	33,333,336
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 4.37
Proceeds from issuance or sale of stock | $	$ 139.2

Stockholders' Equity - Shares I

Stockholders' Equity - Shares Issued Upon Exercise of Warrants (Details)	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Shares Underlying Warrants Issuance (in shares)	63,333,336,000
Shares Issued upon Warrant Exercises (in shares)	29,914,069,000
Shares Underlying Warrants Outstanding (in shares)	33,419,267,000
Series 2020-A Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.60
Shares Underlying Warrants Issuance (in shares)	30,000,000,000
Shares Issued upon Warrant Exercises (in shares)	29,914,069,000
Shares Underlying Warrants Outstanding (in shares)	85,931,000
Series 2022-A Warrants
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 4.37
Shares Underlying Warrants Issuance (in shares)	33,333,336,000
Shares Issued upon Warrant Exercises (in shares)	0
Shares Underlying Warrants Outstanding (in shares)	33,333,336,000

Segments- Narrative (Details)

Segments- Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of operating segments	3

Segments - Segment Reporting In

Segments - Segment Reporting Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 4,060	$ 232
Loss from operations	(20,857)	(15,955)
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment	11,434	18,778
Total assets	688,694		$ 700,748
Operating Segments | Gevo
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	397	63
Loss from operations	(15,499)	(12,124)
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment	9,977	4,438
Total assets	560,914		573,057
Operating Segments | Agri-Energy
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	169
Loss from operations	(3,147)	(3,808)
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment	0	3,947
Total assets	32,109		34,440
Operating Segments | Renewable Natural Gas
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	3,663	0
Loss from operations	(2,211)	(23)
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment	1,457	$ 10,393
Total assets	$ 95,671		$ 93,251

Subsequent Events (Details)

Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	18 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2024	May 05, 2023
Joint Development Agreement With LG Chem | Forecast
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Joint development costs expected to remit	$ 1.3	$ 1.2
Subsequent Event | Hydrocarbon revenue | Side Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Milestone payments expected to receive			$ 50
Royalty payments expected to receive			$ 75