2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Consolidation These consolidated financial statements and related notes include the records of the Company and the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Nimbo Tracking LLC which is formed in the USA. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, which has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements, and these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by management in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), and include all assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Certain information required by U.S. GAAP has been condensed or omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The results for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire fiscal year ending December 31, 2020, or for any future period. Use of Estimates The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventory, the useful life and recoverability of equipment, impairment of goodwill, valuation of notes payable and convertible debentures, fair value of stock-based compensation and derivative liabilities, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at the original invoice amount less an allowance for expected uncollectible amounts. Inherent in the assessment of the allowance for doubtful accounts are certain judgments and estimates including, among others, the customer’s willingness or ability to pay, the Company’s compliance with customer invoicing requirements, the effect of general economic conditions and the ongoing relationship with the customer. Accounts with outstanding balances longer than the payment terms are considered past due. We do not charge interest on past due balances. The Company writes off trade receivables when all reasonable collection efforts have been exhausted. Bad debt expense is reflected as a component of general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the allowance for doubtful accounts was approximately $36,000 and $21,000, respectively. Inventory Inventory consists of vehicle tracking and recovery devices and is comprised entirely of finished goods that can be resold. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and selling costs. There was no provision for inventory impairment recorded as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Equipment Office equipment, computer equipment, and software are recorded at cost. Depreciation is provided annually at rates and methods over their estimated useful lives. Management reviews the estimates of useful lives of the assets every year and adjusts them on prospective basis, if needed. All equipment was fully depreciated as of December 31, 2019. For purposes of computing depreciation, the method of depreciating equipment is as follows: Computer equipment 3 years straight-line Office equipment 5 years straight-line Software 3 years straight-line Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill is allocated at the date of the business combination. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment annually on December 31 of each year or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset may be impaired. These events and circumstances may include a significant change in legal factors or in the business climate, a significant decline in the Company’s share price, an adverse action of assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant disposal activity and the testing of recoverability for a significant asset group. Goodwill impairment is measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. The Company has only one reporting unit. Therefore, all of the Company’s goodwill relates to that reporting unit, and at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying value for that reporting unit is negative. Impairment of Long-lived Assets The Company reviews long-lived assets, such as equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in the circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. If the total of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the asset during the year the impairment occurs. Financial Instruments In accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” the Company is to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 820 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1 Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Level 3 Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. See Note 4 for fair value measurement information related to the Company’s derivative liabilities. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts and other receivables, restricted cash, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate their carrying values due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments. Foreign currency transactions are primarily undertaken in Canadian dollars. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents is determined based on “Level 1” inputs and the fair value of derivative liabilities is determined based on “Level 3” inputs. The recorded values of notes payable, approximate their current fair values because of their nature and respective maturity dates or durations. The financial risk is the risk to the Company’s operations that arise from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and the degree of volatility to these rates. Currently, the Company does not use derivative instruments to reduce its exposure to foreign currency risk. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consists of cash. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents in what it believes to be credit-worthy financial institutions. Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, using the five-step model, including (1) identify the contract with the customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Title and risk of loss generally pass to our customers upon delivery, as we have insurance for lost shipments. In limited circumstances where either title or risk of loss pass upon destination or acceptance or when collection is not reasonably assured, we defer revenue recognition until such events occur. We derive revenues from two primary sources: products and services. Product revenue includes the shipment of product according to the agreement with our customers and only represents a small percentage of our revenues, less than 5%. Services include vehicle tracking services and customer support (technical support), installations and consulting. A contract may include both product and services. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. Performance obligations include, but are not limited to, pass-thru harnesses and vehicle tracking services. Almost all of our revenues are derived from customers located in United States of America in the auto industry. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices are typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are not sold on a standalone basis. At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. Revenue is recognized when our performance obligation has been met. The Company considers control to have transferred upon delivery because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the Company has transferred use of the asset, and the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset. For arrangements under which the Company provides vehicle tracking services, the Company satisfies its performance obligations as those services are performed whereby the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of such services under the agreement. Revenues are recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. The Company provides product warranties with varying lengths of time and terms. The product warranties are considered to be assurance-type in nature and do not cover anything beyond ensuring that the product is functioning as intended. Based on the guidance in ASC 606, assurance-type warranties do not represent separate performance obligations. The Company has historically experienced a low rate of product returns under the warranty program. Management assesses the business environment, customers’ financial condition, historical collection experience, accounts receivable aging, and customer disputes to determine whether collectability is reasonably assured. If collectability is not reasonably assured at the time of sale, the Company does not recognize revenue until collection occurs. Revenue relating to the sale of service fees on its vehicle tracking and recovery services is recognized over the life of the contact. The service renewal fees are offered in terms ranging from 12 to 36 months and are generally payable upon delivery of the vehicle tracking devices or in full upon renewal. Deferred revenues are recorded net of contract assets and when cash payments are received from customers in advance of the Company’s performance. Deferred revenues totaled $261,447 and $405,553 as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recorded additions to deferred revenues of $60,194 and recognized total revenues of $204,300 through the amortization of deferred revenues. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized revenues of $187,766 related to deferred revenues outstanding as of December 31, 2019 as the services were performed. Any revenue that has been deferred and is expected to be recognized beyond one year is classified as deferred revenue, net of current portion. Deferred revenues are recorded net of contract assets. Contract assets represent the costs of the underlying hardware to enable the Company to perform on its contracts with customers. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the contract asset balance totaled $71,769 and $143,088, respectively, which have been recorded as reductions in deferred revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Financing Costs and Debt Discount Financing costs and debt discounts are recorded net of notes payable and convertible debentures in the consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of financing costs and the debt discounts is calculated using the effective interest method over the term of the debt and is recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are provided on the asset and liability method whereby deferred income tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Stock-based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based payments in accordance with stock-based payment accounting guidance which requires all stock-based payments to be recognized based upon their fair values. The fair value of stock-based awards is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period. The determination of fair value using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. The Company accounts for forfeitures of unvested awards as they occur. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company classifies as equity any contracts that require physical settlement or net-share settlement or provide us a choice of net cash settlement or settlement in our own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) provided that such contracts are indexed to our own stock as defined in ASC Topic 815-40 "Contracts in Entity's Own Equity." The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that require net-cash settlement including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside our control or give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares. The Company assesses classification of its free-standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities is required. Loss Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted earnings per share give effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period including stock options and warrants, using the treasury stock method, and convertible debentures, using the if-converted method. In computing diluted earnings (loss) per share, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options or warrants. Diluted earnings (loss) per share exclude all potentially issuable shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. Because the effect of conversion of the Company’s dilutive securities is anti-dilutive, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for the periods presented. As of June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company has 400,697,063 and 8,089,673 potentially dilutive shares outstanding, respectively. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815 – 40)” |