Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | ' |
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation | ' |
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements contain the accounts of EnergySolutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiaries and controlled joint ventures after eliminating all intercompany balances and transactions in consolidation. We evaluated all subsequent events through the date that we filed these financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). |
We have majority voting rights for one of our minority-owned joint ventures. Accordingly, we have consolidated its operations in our consolidated financial statements and therefore, we recorded the noncontrolling interests, which reflect the portion of the earnings of operations which are applicable to other noncontrolling partners. Assets from our consolidated joint venture can only be used to settle its own obligations. Additionally, our assets cannot be used to settle the joint ventures’ obligations because this minority owned joint venture does not have recourse to our general credit. |
Use of Estimates | ' |
Use of Estimates |
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingencies at the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses recognized during the reporting period. Significant estimates and judgments made by management include: (i) proportion of completion on long-term contracts, (ii) the costs to close and monitor our landfill and D&D facilities and equipment including D&D of Zion Station, (iii) recovery of long-lived assets, (iv) analysis of goodwill impairment, (v) useful lives of intangibles assets and property, plant and equipment, (vi) costs for unpaid claims and associated expenses related to employee health insurance, (vii) the determination of rate reserve provisions, (viii) provision for a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, (ix) uncertainties in income taxes, (x) contingencies and litigation and (xi) stock price volatility and expected forfeiture rates for stock option valuations. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
We consider all cash on deposit, money market accounts and highly-liquid debt instruments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. We maintain cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit and other investment accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. |
Accounts Receivable | ' |
Accounts Receivable |
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and generally do not bear interest. The carrying amount of accounts receivable, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts, represents estimated net realizable value. The allowance for doubtful accounts is a valuation allowance that reflects management's best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on historical collection trends, type of customer, the age of outstanding receivables and existing economic conditions. We generally do not require collateral for accounts receivable; however, we regularly review all accounts receivable balances and assess the collectability of those balances. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. Account balances are written off against the allowance after all reasonable means of collection have been exhausted and recovery is considered remote. |
Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings on Uncompleted Contracts, Unearned Revenue and Retainage | ' |
Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings on Uncompleted Contracts, Unearned Revenue and Retainage. |
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts represent amounts recognized as revenue that have not been billed. Unearned revenue represents amounts billed and collected for which revenue has not been recognized. Contracts typically provide for the billing of costs incurred and estimated earnings on a monthly basis or based on contract milestones. We recognize a rate differential for any anticipated liabilities or receivables resulting from the difference between estimated billing rates and actual rates on certain contracts with the federal government. This differential liability or receivable will be settled based upon the completion of audits of the actual rates by the applicable federal government audit agency and negotiation of final indirect rates with the applicable federal agency official. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, we had outstanding rate reserve receivables totaling $8.1 million and $6.9 million, respectively, which are included in noncurrent assets, outstanding rate reserve liabilities totaling $2.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of which $0.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively, are current and are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities within our consolidated balance sheets. The remaining portion is classified as long term and is included in other noncurrent liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. |
Retainage represents amounts that are billed or billable to our customers, but are retained by the customer until completion of the project or as otherwise specified in the contract. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, we had retainage balances of $6.5 million and $4.4 million, respectively, of which $2.7 million and $1.3 million, respectively, were current and included in other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The remaining portion is classified as long term and is included in other noncurrent assets in our consolidated balance sheets. |
Nuclear Decommissioning Trust Fund Investments | ' |
Nuclear Decommissioning Trust Fund Investments |
The nuclear decommissioning trust ("NDT") fund was established solely to satisfy obligations related to the D&D of the Zion Station. The NDT fund holds investments in debt and equity securities directly and indirectly through commingled funds. Investments in the NDT fund are carried at fair value and are classified as trading securities. Gains and losses resulting from adjustments to fair value are recorded in the statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as other income (expense), net. |
We consolidate the NDT fund as a variable interest entity. We have a contractual interest in the NDT fund and such interest is a variable interest due to its exposure to the fluctuations caused by market risk. We are the primary beneficiary of the NDT as we benefit from positive market returns and bear the risk of market losses. We are able to control the NDT fund by appointing the trustee, and subject to certain restrictions, we are able to direct the investment policies of the fund. |
Variable Interest Entities | ' |
Variable Interest Entities |
We participate in joint ventures and partnerships to bid, negotiate and complete specific projects. We are required to consolidate these joint ventures if we hold the majority voting interest or if we meet the criteria under the variable interest model as described below. |
A variable interest entity ("VIE") is an entity with one or more of the following characteristics (a) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional financial support; (b) as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk lack the ability to make certain decisions, the obligation to absorb expected losses or the right to receive expected residual returns; or (c) an equity investor has voting rights that are disproportionate to its economic interest and substantially all of the entity's activities are on behalf of the investor. |
Our VIEs may be funded through contributions, loans and/or advances from the joint venture partners or by advances and/or letters of credit provided by our clients. Our VIEs may be directly governed, managed, operated and administered by the joint venture partners. Others have no employees and, although these entities own and hold the contracts with the clients, the services required by the contracts are typically performed by the joint venture partners or by other subcontractors. |
If we are determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, we are required to consolidate it. We are considered to be the primary beneficiary if we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary, our significant assumptions and judgments include the following: |
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• | Identifying the significant activities and the parties that have the power to direct them; | |
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• | Reviewing the governing board composition and participation ratio; | |
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• | Determining the equity, profit and loss ratio; | |
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• | Determining the management-sharing ratio; and | |
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• | Reviewing the funding and operating agreements. | |
Investments in entities in which we do not have a controlling financial interest, but over which we have a significant influence are accounted for using the equity method. |
We continuously evaluate our VIEs as facts and circumstances change to determine whether we are the primary beneficiary in accordance with authoritative guidance. This evaluation may result in consolidation of a previously unconsolidated joint venture or in deconsolidation of a previously consolidated joint venture. |
Property, Plant and Equipment | ' |
Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Property, plant and equipment acquired through the acquisition of a business are recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Maintenance and repairs that do not extend the lives of the assets are expensed as incurred. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows: |
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Buildings, building improvements and land improvements | | 5 to 31 |
Computer hardware and software | | 1 to 7 |
Furniture and fixtures | | 5 to 7 |
Machinery and equipment | | 5 to 20 |
Trucks and vehicles | | 5 to 15 |
Equipment under capital leases is stated at the present value of minimum lease payments and is amortized on the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. |
We capitalize costs associated with the construction of disposal cells such as excavation, liner construction and drainage systems construction, as well as the asset retirement obligations ("ARO") in accordance with accounting guidance for AROs. These costs are depreciated over the capacity of the individual cells based on a per unit basis as landfill airspace is consumed. |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | ' |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
Impairment charges are recognized for the excess of carrying amount over the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Examples of such events are i) significant adverse changes in its market value, useful life or physical condition; ii) changes in estimated undiscounted future cash flows or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of the intangible asset; or iii) a current expectation that, more likely than not, the intangible asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of before the end of its previously estimated useful life. |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | ' |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets |
Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life is not amortized, but instead is tested for impairment annually or when indicators of impairment exist. Intangible assets are amortized based on the period over which the contractual or economic benefits of the intangible assets are expected to be realized. |
We evaluate goodwill at the reporting unit level at least annually for impairment and more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate that the asset might be impaired. Under applicable accounting guidance, we are permitted to use a qualitative approach to evaluating goodwill impairment when no indicators of impairment exist and if certain accounting criteria are met. To the extent that indicators exist or the criteria are not met, we use a quantitative approach to evaluate goodwill impairment. Such quantitative impairment assessment is performed using a two-step, fair value based test. The first step compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step is performed. The second step requires an allocation of fair value to the individual assets and liabilities using purchase price allocation guidance in order to determine the implied fair value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recorded as a reduction to goodwill and a charge to operating expense. |
Application of the goodwill impairment test requires management judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assigning assets, liabilities and goodwill to the reporting units and determining the fair value of the reporting unit. We estimate the fair value of the reporting units using a combination of an income and a market approach. Forecasts of future cash flow are based on our best estimate of future net sales and operating expenses, based primarily on estimated category expansion, pricing, market segment penetration and general economic conditions. The market approach is calculated based on market multiples for comparable companies as applied to our company-specific metrics. We believe the blended use of both models compensates for the inherent risk associated with either model if used on a stand-alone basis, and this combination is indicative of the factors a market participant would consider when performing a similar valuation. In addition, cash flow forecasts used to assess both goodwill and certain other intangible assets, in particular customer relationships, include assumptions regarding contract wins or extensions. |
Facility and Equipment Decontamination and Decommissioning Liabilities | ' |
Facility and Equipment Decontamination and Decommissioning Liabilities |
We have responsibility for the cost to D&D our facilities and related equipment, as well as the equipment used at customer sites in our Projects group. These costs are generally paid upon closure of the facilities or disposal of the equipment. We are also responsible for the cost of monitoring our Clive, Utah facility over its post-closure period. We have also acquired the shut down nuclear power plant at the Exelon Zion Station and assumed the related D&D liabilities. |
Accounting guidance for AROs requires us to record the fair value of an ARO as a liability in the period in which we incur a legal obligation associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development or normal use of the asset, except for the Zion Station related ARO. We are also required to record a corresponding asset that we depreciate over the life of the asset. For the Zion Station related ARO we do not record an ARO asset that depreciates because the underlying tangible assets have no future value. Instead, we have capitalized deferred project costs that will be amortized to cost of revenue as the D&D work is performed. After the initial measurement of our AROs, the ARO is adjusted at the end of each period to reflect the passage of time (accretion) and changes in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation. |
The cost basis for our landfill assets and related obligation include landfill liner material and installation, excavation for airspace, landfill leachate collection systems, environmental groundwater and air monitoring equipment, directly related engineering and design costs and other capital infrastructure costs. Also included in the cost basis of our landfill assets and related obligation are estimates of future costs associated with final landfill capping, closure and post-closure monitoring activities. These costs are described below: |
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• | Final capping—Involves the installation of final cap materials over areas of the landfill where total airspace has been consumed. We estimate available airspace capacity using aerial and ground surveys and other methods of calculation, based on permit-mandated height restrictions and other factors. Final capping AROs are recorded, with a corresponding increase in the landfill asset, as landfill airspace capacity is permitted for waste disposal activities and the cell liner is constructed. Final capping costs are recorded as an asset and a liability based on estimates of the discounted cash flows and capacity associated with the final capping event. | |
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• | Closure—Involves the remediation of our land surrounding the disposal cell and the disposal of Company-owned property and equipment. These are costs incurred after the site ceases to accept waste, but before the site is certified to be closed by the applicable regulatory agency. These costs are accrued as an ARO, with a corresponding increase in the landfill asset, as airspace is consumed over the life of the landfill. Closure obligations are accrued over the life of the landfill based on estimates of the discounted cash flows associated with performing closure activities. | |
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• | Post-closure—Involves the maintenance and monitoring of our landfill site that has been certified to be closed by the applicable regulatory agency. Subsequent to landfill closure, we are required to maintain and monitor our landfill site for a 100-year period. These maintenance and monitoring costs are accrued as an ARO, with a corresponding increase in the landfill asset, as airspace is consumed over the life of the landfill. Post-closure obligations are accrued over the life of the landfill based on estimates of the discounted cash flows associated with performing post-closure activities. | |
The cost basis of our AROs (and, if applicable, our ARO assets) includes costs to decontaminate, disassemble and dispose of equipment and facilities. We develop our estimates of these obligations using input from our operations personnel, engineers and internal accountants. Our estimates are based on our interpretation of current requirements and proposed regulatory changes and are intended to reflect what a market participant would charge to undertake the obligation. We use historical experience, professional engineering judgment and quoted and actual prices paid for similar work to determine the fair value of these obligations. We recognize these obligations using market prices whether we plan to contract with third parties or perform the work ourselves. |
Costs for the D&D of our facilities and equipment will generally be paid upon the closure of these facilities or the disposal of this equipment. We are obligated under our license granted by the state of South Carolina and the Atlantic Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Compact Implementation Act for costs associated with the ultimate closure of the Barnwell Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility in South Carolina and our buildings and equipment located at the Barnwell site (Barnwell closure). Under the terms of the Atlantic Waste Compact Act and our license with the state of South Carolina, we are required to maintain a trust fund to cover the Barnwell closure obligation, which limits our obligation to the amount of the trust fund. We are also obligated under our NRC license and contractual agreements related to Zion Station for costs associated with the D&D of the plant. As part of our Exelon Agreements, we also acquired a trust fund which will be used to pay for these costs. To the extent that the trust fund is not sufficient to pay for all costs of the D&D activities, we will fund the remaining costs from our other operations. |
We are required to make significant estimates in the determination of our AROs and the related assets, if applicable. Because final landfill capping, closure and post-closure obligations and D&D obligations are measured using present value techniques, changes in the estimated timing of the related activities would have an effect on these liabilities, related assets and resulting operations. |
Changes in inflation rates or the estimated costs, timing or extent of the required future capping, closure, post-closure and other D&D activities typically result in both: (i) a current adjustment to the recorded liability and asset and (ii) a change in the liability and asset amounts to be recorded prospectively over the remaining life of the asset in accordance with our depreciation policy. However, for the Zion Station related ARO, these changes are not capitalized or depreciated as an ARO asset but are instead recorded directly to cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). |
We update our final capping, closure and post-closure cost estimates either annually or more frequently if changes in the underlying conditions occur. These estimates are based on current technology, regulations and burial rates. Changes in these factors could have a material impact on our estimates. If we perform work internally related to AROs, we will recognize a gain for the difference between our actual costs incurred and the recorded ARO, which includes an element of profit. While other ARO gains are classified as a reduction in SG&A expenses, we classify the recognition of the third-party profit included in the Zion Station ARO in cost of revenue as activities are performed because we are undertaking these activities pursuant to our core business strategy and fulfilling the cost of the contract represents ongoing major or central operations of EnergySolutions. |
Self-Insurance and Recoveries | ' |
Self-Insurance and Recoveries |
We have retained a portion of the financial risk related to our employee health insurance plan. The exposure for unpaid claims and associated expenses, including incurred but not reported losses, generally is estimated by considering pending claims and historical trends and data. |
Other long term liabilities | ' |
Other long term liabilities |
We recognize a liability for contract termination costs associated with an exit activity for costs that will continue to be incurred under a lease for its remaining term without economic benefit to us, initially measured at its fair value at the cease-use date. The fair value is determined based on the remaining lease rentals, adjusted for the effects of any prepaid or deferred items recognized under the lease, and reduced by estimated sublease rentals. |
Share-Based Payment | ' |
Share-Based Payment |
We recognized shared based compensation costs in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) over the instruments' vesting periods based on the instruments' fair values on the measurement date, which is generally the date of the grant. In our share-based compensation strategy we have utilized a combination of stock options and restricted stock that vest over time based on service and performance. For time-based stock options and restricted stock, compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period from the vesting commencement date using the straight-line method. For performance based stock options and restricted stock compensation, expense is recognized over the vesting period beginning at the grant date if it is probable that performance targets will be achieved. If prior to the performance measurement date, it is no longer probable that the performance targets will be achieved, the expense related to the grant will be adjusted accordingly and prior recognized compensation expense will be reversed. Also, if at the performance measurement date the performance targets are not achieved, the expense related to the grants will be adjusted to the earned amounts and compensation expense will also be adjusted accordingly. |
We use the Black-Scholes valuation model to estimate the fair value of stock options. Option valuation methods, including Black-Scholes, require the input of assumptions including the risk-free interest rate, expected term and volatility rate. For awards with a market condition, we use a Monte Carlo valuation model. See Note 13 for further discussion regarding the assumptions used in our valuation models. |
Revenue and Cost of Revenue | ' |
Revenue and Cost of Revenue |
Revenue Recognition |
We record revenue when all of the following conditions exist: (i) evidence of an agreement with our customer; (ii) work has actually been performed; (iii) the amount of revenue is fixed or determinable and (iv) collection from our customer is reasonably assured. If we have multiple contracts with a single customer, we evaluate the circumstances surrounding each contract to determine whether or not the contracts are required to be grouped or segmented for revenue recognition purposes. |
We recognize revenues from engineering and technical support services contracts using the percentage-of-completion method as project progress occurs. Certain contracts for services that are non-linear in nature, require complex, non-repetitive tasks or involve a non-time-based scope of work. In these contracts, the earnings process is not fulfilled upon the achievement of milestones, but rather over the life of the contract. Evaluation of the obligations and customer requirements on these contracts does not produce objective, quantifiable output measures that reflect the earnings process for revenue recognition. Therefore, in these situations, we use a cost-to-cost approach to determine revenue. A cost-to-cost approach accurately reflects our obligations and performance on these contracts. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, revenue calculated using a cost-to-cost approach, including Zion Station project revenues, were $149.3 million, $163.5 million and $175.0 million, respectively. |
Our contracts may include the following multiple deliverables: transportation services, disposal services, training, on-site support, and warranties. For contracts containing multiple deliverables, we evaluate whether each deliverable should be accounted for separately or if they should be combined together for revenue recognition purposes. If the determination is made that separate accounting is required, we follow the applicable revenue recognition guidance in allocating contract value between the identified deliverables. |
Revisions to revenue, cost and profit estimates, or measurements of the extent of progress toward completion, are changes in accounting estimates accounted for in the period of change (cumulative catch-up method). Contracts typically provide for periodic billings on a monthly basis or based on contract milestones. Amounts recognized as revenue that have not been billed are included in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts. Amounts billed and collected for which revenue has not been recognized are included in unearned revenue. |
Accounting for revenue earned under our contracts may require assessments that include an estimate of the amount that has been earned on the contract and are usually based on the volumes that have been processed or disposed, milestones reached or the time that has elapsed under the contract. Each of our contracts is unique with regard to scope, schedule and delivery methodology. Accordingly, each contract is reviewed to determine the most reliable measure of completion for revenue recognition purposes. |
Contract Types |
Cost-reimbursable award or incentive-fee contracts—We are reimbursed for allowable costs in accordance with Federal Acquisition Regulation ("FAR"), Cost Accounting Standards ("CAS") or contractual provisions. If our costs exceed the contract ceiling or are not allowable under the provisions of the contract FAR or CAS, we may not be able to obtain reimbursement for such costs. We earn award and incentive fees in addition to cost reimbursements if we meet certain contract provisions, including schedule, budget, and safety milestones. Monthly assessments are made to measure the amount of revenue earned in accordance with established contract provisions. We receive award and incentive fees on certain contracts, which are accrued when estimable and collection is reasonably assured. |
Fixed-price contracts—Under these contracts, we receive a fixed amount of revenue irrespective of the actual costs we incur. Revenue is recognized using the proportional performance method of accounting using appropriate output measures, where estimable, or on other input measures such as proportion of costs incurred to total estimated contract costs. |
Unit-rate contracts— We recognized revenue using the proportional performance method of accounting as units are completed based on contractual unit rates. Revenue from our LP&D segment is derived primarily through unit-rate contracts for the shipping, processing and disposal of radioactive materials. A unit-rate contract is essentially a fixed-price contract with the only variable being units of work performed. These contracts generally provide that we will process and dispose of substantially all of the low-level radioactive waste generated by our customers for a fixed, pre-negotiated price per cubic foot, depending on the type of radioactive material being disposed. |
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Time and materials contracts— Under these contracts, we negotiate hourly billing rates and charge our clients based on the actual time that we spend on a project. In addition, clients reimburse us for our actual out-of-pocket costs of materials and other direct incidental expenditures that we incur in connection with our performance under the contract. The majority of our time-and-material contracts are subject to maximum contract values and, accordingly, revenues under these contracts are generally recognized under the percentage-of-completion method. However, time-and-materials contracts that are service-related contracts are accounted for utilizing the proportional performance method. Our time-and-materials contracts also generally include annual billing rate adjustment provisions. |
Change Orders |
We record contract claims and pending change orders, including requests for equitable adjustments (“REAs”) when collection of revenue is reasonably assured, which generally is when accepted in writing by the customer. The costs to perform the work related to these claims and pending change orders including REAs are included in our financial statements in the period that they are incurred and are included in our estimates of contract profitability. |
Provision for Loss |
Provision for estimated contract losses are recorded when they are identifiable and include all estimated direct costs to complete the contract (excludes future selling, general and administrative costs expected to be allocated to the contract). Contract claims and change orders are included in total estimated contract revenue when it is probable that the change order will result in a bona fide addition to contract value and can be reliably estimated. Costs incurred for bidding and obtaining contracts are expensed as incurred. |
Advertising Costs | ' |
Advertising Costs |
We expense advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. |
Income Taxes | ' |
Income Taxes |
The Company recognizes income taxes under the asset and liability method. This approach requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Significant judgment is required in determining income tax provisions and in evaluating tax positions. |
We account for income taxes in accordance with authoritative accounting guidance. Judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes. In the normal course of business, we may engage in numerous transactions every day for which the ultimate tax outcome (including the period in which the transaction will ultimately be included in taxable income or deducted as an expense) is uncertain. Additionally, the tax returns we file are subject to audit and investigation by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), state agencies in the U.S. and by foreign government agencies. Deferred tax assets are reduced by the amount of any tax benefits that are not expected to be realized. |
We account for unrecognized tax benefits in accordance with authoritative guidance for uncertainty in income taxes which requires us to recognize in our financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the provision for income taxes. We recognized interest related to tax refunds as a component of other income. |
Our income tax expense and our effective tax rate are determined from earnings before income taxes less net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest related to consolidations. |
New Accounting Pronouncements | ' |
New Accounting Pronouncements |
In January 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued an update on accounting for service concession arrangements. The update clarifies that, unless certain circumstances are met, operating entities should not account for certain concession arrangements with public-sector entities as leases and should not recognize the related infrastructure as property, plant and equipment. The update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2014. Management does not expect the adoption of this update to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
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In July 2013, the FASB issued guidance related to presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The guidance eliminates diversity in practice for presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is available to reduce the taxable income or tax payable that would result from disallowance of a tax position. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013 and should be applied prospectively to all unrecognized tax benefits that exist at the effective date. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
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In March 2013, the FASB issued guidance related to foreign currency matters. The standard update addresses the accounting for the release of cumulative translation adjustment when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a business unit or a group of assets that do not produce a profit within a foreign entity. Under such circumstances, a parent company is required to release any related currency adjustments to earnings. The currency adjustment is released into earnings only if the sale or transfer results in a complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity in question. The standard update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
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In February 2013, the FASB issued an update to improve the transparency of reporting reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in the update did not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements. The new amendments require an organization to present (either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes) the effects on the line items of net income of significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income if the item reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. Additionally, for other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income in the same reporting period, an entity is required to cross-reference other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP to provide additional detail about those amounts. The amendments are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of this did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
Commitments and Contingencies | ' |
Commitments and Contingencies |
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Liabilities for loss contingencies including environmental remediation costs arising from claims not within the scope of authoritative accounting guidance for asset retirement obligations, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. Recoveries for environmental remediation costs from third parties are recorded when agreed upon with a third party. |
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ' |
Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes foreign currency translation gains and losses resulting from translating asset and liability accounts of our foreign subsidiaries from their local currencies at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, and gains or losses associated with pension or other post-retirement benefits, that are not recognized immediately as a component of net periodic benefit cost. We present components of other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), net of related tax effects. |
Business Combination | ' |
Business Combination |
The cost of an acquired company is assigned to the tangible and intangible assets purchased and the liabilities assumed on the basis of their fair values at the date of acquisition. The determination of fair values of assets and liabilities acquired requires us to make estimates and use valuation techniques when a market value is not readily available. Any excess of purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. Transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as they are incurred. |
Restructuring | ' |
Restructuring |
We recognize expenses related to employee termination benefits when the benefit arrangement is communicated to the employee and no significant future services are required of the employee. If an employee is required to render service until a specific termination date, which goes beyond the legal requirement or contractual notice period, in order to receive the termination benefits, the fair value of the associated liability would be recognized ratably over the future service period. Severance costs are determined in accordance with local statutory requirements and our policies. |
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We recognize the present value of facility lease termination obligations, net of estimated sublease income and other exit costs, when there are future lease payments with no future economic benefit. Sublease income is estimated based on current market rates for similar properties. If we are unable to sublease the facility on a timely basis or if we are forced to sublease the facility at lower rates due to changes in market conditions, we would adjust the restructuring liability accordingly. |