Empresa Distribuidora y Comercial Norte 20F 2017 Annual report

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April26, 2018

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 20-F

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 Commission File Number: 001-33422

Empresa Distribuidora y Comercializadora Norte S.A.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Distribution and Marketing Company of the North S.A.	Argentine Republic
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)	(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Avenida Del Libertador 6363

Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1428ARG

Buenos Aires, Argentina
(Address of principal executive offices)

Leandro Montero

Tel.: +54 11 4346 5510 / Fax: +54 11 4346 5325 Avenida Del Libertador 6363 (C1428ARG)
Buenos Aires, Argentina

Chief Financial Officer

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class:	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class B Common Shares	New York Stock Exchange, Inc.*
American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, each representing 20 Class B Common Shares	New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

__________

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: N/A

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report: 462,292,111 Class A Common Shares, 442,210,385 Class B Common Shares and 1,952,604 Class C Common Shares

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes¨ Nox

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes¨ Nox

Note: Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesx No¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every

Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes¨ No¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer	¨	Accelerated Filer	x
Non-Accelerated Filer	¨	Emerging Growth Company	¨

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.¨

† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing: U.S. GAAP¨
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Boardx Other¨

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17¨ Item 18¨

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes¨ Nox

PART I
Item 1.	Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors	1
Item 2.	Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable	1
Item 3.	Key Information	1
Item 4.	Information on the Company	37
Item 4A.	Unresolved Staff Comments	73
Item 5.	Operating and Financial Review and Prospects	73
Item 6.	Directors, Senior Management and Employees	114
Item 7.	Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions	126
Item 8.	Financial Information	131
Item 9.	The Offer and Listing	137
Item 10.	Additional Information	141
Item 11.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	164
Item 12.	Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities	166

PART II
Item 13.	Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies	167
Item 14.	Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds	167
Item 15.	Controls and Procedures	167
Item 16A.	Audit Committee Financial Expert	168
Item 16B.	Code of Ethics	169
Item 16C.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	169
Item 16D.	Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees	169
Item 16E.	Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers	169
Item 16F.	Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant	169
Item 16G.	Corporate Governance	169
Item 16H.	Mine Safety Disclosures	174

PART III
Item 17.	Financial Statements	175
Item 18.	Financial Statements	175
Item 19.	Exhibits	175

Index to Financial Statements	F-1

PART I

Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors

Not applicable.

Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not applicable.

Item 3. Key Information

In this annual report, except as otherwise specified, references to “we”, “us”, “our” and “the Company” are references to (i) Empresa Distribuidora y Comercializadora Norte S.A., or “Edenor”, on a standalone basis priortoMarch 1, 2011, (ii) Edenor, Empresa Distribuidora Eléctrica Regional S.A. (“Emdersa”) and Aeseba S.A. (“Aeseba”), between March 1, 2011 and March 31, 2013, (iii) Edenor and Emdersa, between March 1, 2011 and September 30, 2013, and (iv) Edenor on a standalone basis, from October 1, 2013 through the date of filing of this annual report. References to Edenor, Emdersa and/or Aeseba ona standalone basis are made by naming each company as the case may be. For more information, see “Item 4—Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company.”

FORWARD‑LOOKING STATEMENTS

This annual report includes forward‑looking statements, principally under the captions “Item 3. Key Information - Risk Factors”, “Item 4. Information on the Company” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects”. We have based these forward‑looking statements largely on our current beliefs, expectations and projections about future events and financial trends affecting our business. Forward‑looking statements may also be identified by words such as “believes”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “projects”, “intends”, “should”, “seeks”, “estimates”, “future” or similar expressions. Many important factors, in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this annual report, could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward‑looking statements, including, among other things:

· The treatment of pending obligations to the RTI;

· uncertainties related to future Government interventions or legal actions;

· general political, economic, social, demographic and business conditions in the Republic of Argentina, or “Argentina” and particularly in the geographic market we serve;

· the evolution of energy losses and the impact of fines and penalties and uncollectable debt;

· the impact of regulatory reform and changes in the regulatory environment in which we operate;

· electricity shortages;

· potential disruption or interruption of our service;

· the revocation or amendment of our concession by the granting authority;

· our ability to implement our capital expenditure plan, including our ability to arrange financing when required and on reasonable terms;

· fluctuations in exchange rates, including a devaluation of the Peso;

· the impact of high rates of inflation on our costs; and,

· additional matters identified in “Risk factors”.

Forward‑looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or to revise any forward‑looking statements after we file this annual report because of new information, future events or other factors. In light of these limitations, undue reliance should not be placed on forward‑looking statements contained in this annual report.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables present our summary financial data for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013. This information should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017 (the“Financial Statements”), the related notes thereto and the information under “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” included elsewhere in this annual report. The financial data as of December 31, 2017, have been derived from our Financial Statements.

Our Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financing Reporting Standards (“IFRSˮ), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASBˮ), and these have been approved by resolution of the board of directors’ meeting held on March 7, 2018. See “Item 18—Financial Statements.”

The selected statement of comprehensive income (loss) data for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, and the selected statement of financial position data as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB, and have been derived from our financial statements, which were audited by Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L. (“PwC”), member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers network. The financial data as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are not included in this annual report, which were also audited by PwC. The selected consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the selected consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB, and have been derived from our audited financial statements that are not included in this annual report, which were audited by Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers network, an independent registered public accounting firm.

Our financial statements are stated in Argentine pesos, our functional currency. IAS 29 (Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies) requires that the financial statements of an entity whose functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, whether they are based on the historical cost method or the current cost method, be stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the closing date of the reporting year. For such purpose, in general terms, the inflation produced from the acquisition date or the revaluation date, as applicable, must be computed in non-monetary items. In order to conclude whether the economy is a hyperinflationary economy, the standard details a series of factors to be considered, among which the existence of a cumulative inflation rate over three years that approaches or exceeds 100% is included. Taking into consideration the inconsistency of the published inflation data, the downward trend of the level of inflation, the fact that the other indicators are insufficient to reach a definite conclusion, and the fact that the current legal framework does not allow for the filing with control authorities of inflation-adjusted financial statements, and in line with the International Practices Task Force’s conclusion, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that Argentina is a hyperinflationary economy as of December 31, 2017. Therefore, the restatement criteria established in IAS 29 have not been applied during the prior year and we have not restated our audited financial statements.

Although the Argentine economy does not currently meet the necessary conditions to qualify as a hyperinflationary economy in accordance with IAS 29, and taking into account the legal and regulatory limitations imposed by professional bodies and control authorities for the preparation of adjusted financial statements as of December 31, 2017, certain macroeconomic variables that affect the Company’s business, such as salary costs and the prices of supplies, have suffered somewhat important annual variations, a circumstance that must be taken into account when evaluating and interpreting the Company’s financial position and results of operations in these financial statements.

We believe that the measures adopted by the Argentine Government during 2016 to stabilize electricity rates throughout the energy sector, together with the implementation of the RTI process beginning on February 1, 2017, will have a positive impact on our operating and financial results. Our board of directors is optimistic that the new tariff schedule (set in force by Resolution No. 63/17 of the ENRE) will establish a regulatory framework with clear and precise rules, which will make possible for us not only to cover our operation costs, afford our investment plans and meet debt interest payments, but also to deal with the impact of the different variables that affect our business from time to time.

Despite the progress achieved in relation to the completion of the RTI process, as of this annual report, the definitive treatment to be given by the ME&M to all the issues resulting from the non-compliance with the Adjustment Agreement, including the remaining balances and other effects caused by the partial measures adopted under the RTI process, has yet to be defined. These issues, include, among others:

· the treatment to be given to the funds received from the Argentine Government through the loans for consumption (mutuums) agreements entered into with Compañía Administradora del Mercado Mayorista Eléctrico (“CAMMESA”) for the fulfillment of the Extraordinary Investment Plan, granted to cover the insufficiency of the FOCEDE’s funds;

· the conditions for the settlement of the balance outstanding with CAMMESA at the date of issuance of SEE Resolution No. 32/15; and

· the treatment to be given to the Penalties and Discounts determined by the ENRE, whose payment/crediting is pending.

On April 26, 2017, we were notified by Note No 2016-01193748 that the ME&M decided that the SEE, with the support of the Under-Secretariat for Tariff Policy Coordination and the ENRE, would be responsible for determining (within a period of 120 days) whether any pending obligations under the Adjustment Agreement remained outstanding as of the effective date of the applicable electricity tariff schedules resulting from the implementation of the RTI process. If any such obligations remained outstanding, the treatment to be given to those obligations was also to be determined by the SEE as described above. The Company has submitted the information requested by the ME&M as part of its efforts to comply with these requirements. However, as of the date of this annual report, due to the fact that a definitive decision on the treatment of these obligations is still pending, the Company started negotiations with the SEE thereon.

On January 31, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17, pursuant to which it implemented the definitive electricity rate schedules, the cost review mechanism, the required quality levels, and all the other rights and obligations that we must comply with as of February 2017. The aforementioned regulation was amended by the ENRE by means of the issuance of Resolutions Nos. 81/17, 82/17, and 92/17, and Note No. 124,898. Pursuant to Resolution No. 63/17, the ENRE, as instructed by the ME&M, shall limit the increase in the VAD resulting from the RTI process and applicable as from February 1, 2017, to a maximum of 42% vis-á-vis the VAD in effect at the date of issuance of the aforementioned resolution, with the remaining value of the new VAD being applied in two stages, the first of them in November 2017 and the second in February 2018.

In addition, the ENRE recognized and allowed the Company to bill the VAD difference arising as a consequence of the gradual application of the tariff increase recognized in the RTI in 48 installments as from February 1, 2018, which was incorporated into the VAD’s value resulting as of that date. As of December 31, 2017, the amount arising from such deferred income and not recognized by the Company in these financial statements amounts approximately to Ps. 4.9 billion, before indexing.

Moreover, Resolution No. 63/17 sets forth the procedure for determining the mechanism for monitoring the variation of the CPD, whose “trigger clause” will be applicable when the variation recorded in the six-month period being controlled exceeds 5%. In August 2017, upon meeting the conditions precedent to the application of trigger clauses, the Company requested that it be allowed to apply the variation recorded in the CPD in the first January–June 2017 six-month control period, which amounted to 11.63%.

Additionally, ENRE Resolution No. 329/17 provides the procedure to be applied for the billing of the deferred income, stating that those amounts will be adjusted as of February 2018, applying for such purpose the methodology for the redetermination of the Company’s recognized own distribution costs set forth in caption c2) of Sub-Appendix II to Resolution No. 63/17, and billed in 48 installments as from February 1, 2018..

On November 30, 2017, by means of Resolution No. 603/17, the ENRE approved the CPD values, applicable as from December 1, 2017, and retroactively to consumption recorded in the months of August through November 2017. That amount totals Ps. 753.9 million and was billed in two installments, December 2017 and January 2018. Additionally, the resolution approved Company’s electricity rate schedule applicable to consumption recorded as from December 1, 2017.

Our Financial Statements are included in this annual report beginning on page F-1

In accordance with the decision of our board of directors to divest and sell the subsidiary Aeseba as of March 31, 2013 and the subsidiaries Emdersa Holding S.A. (“Emdersa Holding” or “EHSA”), including Emdersa and its subsidiaries, Empresa Distribuidora de San Luis S.A. (“Edesal”), Empresa Distribuidora de La Rioja S.A. (“Edelar”), Empresa Distribuidora de Salta S.A. (“Edesa”) and Emdersa Generación Salta S.A. (“EGSSA”), as of December 31, 2011, we have classified the corresponding assets and liabilities associated to these subsidiaries in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 as “Assets of disposal groups classified as held for sale” and “Liabilities of disposal groups classified as held for sale”. As of April 5, 2013, the Company sold its stake in Aeseba. The corresponding charges to results have been included within “Loss from Discontinued operations” line item in our consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2013.

In this annual report, except as otherwise specified, references to “$”, “U.S.$” and “Dollars” are to U.S. Dollars, and references to “Ps.” and “Pesos” are to Argentine Pesos. Solely for the convenience of the reader, Peso amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017 have been translated into U.S. Dollars at the selling exchange rate for U.S. Dollars quoted by Banco de la Nación Argentina (the “Banco Nación”) on December 31, 2017, which was Ps. 18.649 to U.S.$ 1.00, unless otherwise indicated. The U.S. Dollar equivalent information should not be construed to imply that the Peso amounts represent, or could have been or could be converted into, U.S. Dollars at such rates or any other rate. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rates” and “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Argentina—Fluctuations in the value of the Peso could adversely affect the Argentine economy, and, in turn adversely affect our results of operations.”

Certain figures included in this annual report have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, any discrepancies between the totals and the sums of amounts are due to rounding.

Statement of comprehensive income (loss) *

	2017	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
	US$	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.
Continuing operations
Revenue from sales (1)	1.305,2	24.340,0	13.079,6	3.802,2	3.598,4	3.440,7
Electric power purchases	(687,7)	(12.825,6)	(6.060,3)	(2.022,0)	(1.878,1)	(2.050,3)
Subtotal	617,5	11.514,4	7.019,3	1.780,2	1.720,3	1.390,4
Transmission and distribution expenses	(258,9)	(4.828,9)	(6.147,2)	(3.153,7)	(2.825,1)	(2.055,3)
Gross income (Loss)	358,6	6.685,5	872,1	(1.373,5)	(1.104,8)	(664,9)

Selling expenses	(111,5)	(2.078,9)	(1.616,7)	(832,8)	(657,9)	(548,3)
Administrative expenses	(77,8)	(1.450,6)	(1.162,3)	(706,1)	(496,8)	(324,8)
Other operating income	5,2	97,1	87,9	80,0	53,2	62,3
Other operating expense	(40,7)	(758,5)	(463,9)	(502,5)	(318,7)	(142,8)
Gain from acquisition of companies	-	-	-	-	-	-
Operating profit (loss) before SE Resolution 250/13 and subsequent Notes	133,8	2.494,6	(2.283,0)	(3.334,9)	(2.525,0)	(1.618,5)
Recognition of income – provisional remedies – MEyM Note 2016-04484723	-	-	1.125,6	-	-	-
Income recognition on account of the RTI - SE Resolution 32/15	-	-	419,7	5.025,1	-	-
Higher costs recognition - SE Resolution 250/13 and subsequents Notes	-	-	81,5	551,5	2.271,9	2.933,1
Operating profit (loss)	133,8	2.494,6	(656,1)	2.241,7	(253,1)	1.314,6

Financial income	14,6	272,3	196,8	96,2	235,5	287,1
Financial expenses (2)	(82,7)	(1.541,5)	(1.444,9)	(450,0)	(592,0)	(504,9)
Other financial expense	(5,5)	(101,9)	(27,5)	(561,7)	(324,5)	(273,1)
Net financial expense	(73,6)	(1.371,1)	(1.275,6)	(915,5)	(681,0)	(490,9)
Profit (loss) before taxes	60,2	1.123,5	(1.931,7)	1.326,2	(934,1)	823,7

Income tax	(23,7)	(441,2)	743,1	(183,8)	154,4	44,1
Profit (loss) for the year from continuing operations	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4	(779,7)	867,8

Discontinued operations			-	-	-	(95,1)
Profit (loss) for the year	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4	(779,7)	772,7

Profit (loss) for the year attributable to:
Owners of the Company	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4	(779,7)	771,7
Non-controlling interests	-	-	-	-	-	1,0
Profit (loss) for the year	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4	(779,7)	772,7

Profit (Loss) for the year attributable to the owners of the parent
Continuing operations	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4	(779,7)	867,9
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	(96,2)
	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4	(779,7)	771,7

Statement of comprehensive income (loss) *(continued)

	2017	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
	US$	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
Results related to benefit plans	0,8	14,0	7,8	(3,7)	(17,8)	(21,0)
Tax effect of actuarial (losses) income on benefit plans	(0,3)	(4,9)	(2,7)	1,3	6,2	7,4
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	0,5	9,1	5,1	(2,4)	(11,6)	(13,6)



Comprehensive income for the year attributable to:
Owners of the parent	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0	(791,3)	758,1
Non-controlling interests	-	-	-	-	-	1,0
Comprehensive income (loss) for the year	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0	(791,3)	759,1

Profit (loss) for the year attributable to the owners of the parent
Continuing operations	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0	(791,3)	757,1
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	1,0
	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0	(791,3)	758,1

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations	0,041	0,76	(1,33)	1,27	(0,87)	0,97
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	(0,11)

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per ADS (3):
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per ADS from continuing operations	0,825	15,39	(26,60)	25,40	(17,40)	19,40
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per ADS from discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	(2,20)

(*) Certain amounts of the presented financial data for comparative purposes have been reclassified (with regard to the financial statements as of such dates) following the disclosure criteria used for the financial statements as of December 31, 2017.

(1) Revenue from operations is recognized on an accrual basis and derives mainly from electricity distribution. Such revenue includes electricity supplied, whether billed or unbilled, at the end of each year.

(2) Net of interest capitalized at December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013 for Ps. 234 million, Ps. 189.7 million, Ps. 255.9 million, Ps. 123.9 million and Ps. 24.5 million, respectively.

(3) Each ADS represents 20 Class B common shares.

Statement of financial position

	2017	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
	US$	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment	794.3	14,812.0	11,197.0	8,885.8	6,652.5	5,189.3
Interest in joint ventures	-	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
Deferred tax asset	63.6	1,187.0	1,019.0	50.0	87.2	-
Other receivables	2.3	42.4	50.5	153.8	249.2	199.4
Financial assets at amortized cost	-	-	44.4	-	-	-
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	-	-	-	23.6	-	-
Total non-current assets	860.2	16,041.8	12,311.4	9,113.6	6,989.3	5,389.1

Current assets
Inventories	21.0	391.9	287.8	134.9	74.0	83.9
Other receivables	10.8	200.6	179.3	1,079.8	250.3	522.1
Trade receivables	304.5	5,678.9	3,901.1	963.0	882.9	803.1
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	155.4	2,897.3	1,993.9	1,560.4	254.4	216.4
Financial assets at amortized cost	0.6	11.5	1.5	-	-	-
Derivative financial instruments	-	-	-	0.2	-	-
Cash and cash equivalents	4.4	82.9	258.6	129.0	179.1	243.5
Total current assets	496.7	9,263.1	6,622.2	3,867.3	1,640.7	1,869.0
TOTAL ASSETS	1,356.9	25,304.9	18,933.5	12,980.9	8,630.0	7,258.1

EQUITY
Capital and reserves attributable to the owners
Share capital	48.2	898.7	897.0	897.0	897.0	897.0
Adjustment to share capital	21.4	399.5	397.7	397.7	397.7	397.7
Additional paid-in capital	1.7	31.6	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5
Treasury stock	0.4	7.8	9.4	9.4	9.4	9.4
Adjustment to treasury stock	0.5	8.6	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3
Legal reserve	3.9	73.3	73.3	-	-	-
Opcional reserve	9.4	176.1	176.1	-	-	-
Other reserve	-	-	20.3	-	-	-
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(1.5)	(28.1)	(37.2)	(42.3)	(39.9)	(28.3)
Accumulated deficit	(27.2)	(506.5)	(1,188.6)	249.4	(893.0)	(113.3)
TOTAL EQUITY	56.8	1,061.0	361.8	1,525.0	385.0	1,176.3


LIABILITIES
Non-current liabilities
Trade payables	12.9	240.9	232.9	225.0	231.1	220.8
Other payables (1)	323.6	6,034.2	5,103.3	2,391.9	1,644.6	944.7
Borrowings	224.8	4,191.7	2,769.6	2,461.0	1,598.4	1,309.9
Deferred revenue	10.4	194.6	200.0	153.8	109.1	33.7
Salaries and social security taxes payable	6.4	119.7	94.3	80.0	62.9	26.0
Benefit plans	17.4	323.6	266.1	204.4	150.4	102.7
Deferred tax liability	-	-	-	-	-	73.4
Tax liabilities	-	-	0.7	1.9	3.2	4.4
Provisions	32.1	598.1	341.4	259.6	112.1	83.1
Total non-current liabilities	627.6	11,702.8	9,008.3	5,777.6	3,911.8	2,798.7

Current liabilities
Trade payables	493.1	9,195.3	6,821.1	4,475.4	3,299.6	2,481.2
Other payables (1)	19.9	370.4	134.8	151.7	187.1	147.2
Borrowings	3.8	71.2	53.7	48.8	34.0	40.6
Derivative financial instruments	-	0.2	-	-	5.9	-
Deferred revenue	0.2	3.4	0.8	0.8	0.8	-
Salaries and social security taxes payable	65.4	1,219.6	1,032.2	733.1	610.6	420.9
Benefit plans	1.7	31.4	33.4	28.3	10.6	-
Tax payable	25.0	466.7	155.2	16.3	-	-
Tax liabilities	56.5	1,053.5	1,244.5	153.4	160.5	182.5
Provisions	6.9	129.3	87.9	70.5	24.1	10.7
Total current liabilities	672.5	12,541.0	9,563.4	5,678.3	4,333.2	3,283.1
TOTAL LIABILITIES	1,300.1	24,243.8	18,571.7	11,455.9	8,245.0	6,081.8

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	1,356.9	25,304.8	18,933.5	12,980.9	8,630.0	7,258.1

(1) Includes the amounts collected through the Program for the Rational Use of Electricity Power (PUREE). As of December, 31, 2014 and 2013 net of Ps. 2,235.1 million and Ps. 1,661.1 million, respectively, compensated pursuant to Resolution No. 250/2013 and Notes 6,852/2013, 4,012/14, 486/14 and 1,136/14, which as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 to Ps. 17.5 million and Ps. 108.6 million, respectively, included under current and non-current liabilities. Edenor was permitted to retain funds from the PUREE that it would otherwise be required to transfer to CAMMESA according to Resolution No. 1,037/07 of the SE. Since the issuance of Resolution No. 32/15, the PUREE funds are considered part of Edenor’s income on account of the future RTI. ME&M Resolution No. 7/16, SEE Resolution No. 32/15 was repealed and the ENRE was instructed to adopt measures, within its field of competence, to finish the RTI. This resolution granted the Company a temporary increase in income, recorded on February 2015 on the RTI account line item, in order for the Company to cover the expenses and afford the investments associated with the normal provision of electricity service.

Statement of Cash flows

	2017	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
	US$	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit (Loss) for the year	36,6	682,2	(1.188,6)	1.142,4	(779,7)	772,7
Adjustments to reconcile net profit (loss) to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment	23,1	430,3	351,6	281,4	237,6	212,1
Loss on disposals of property, plant and equipment	0,6	10,5	40,5	3,5	1,0	1,2
Net accrued interest	68,0	1.268,0	1.244,9	333,7	341,0	196,6
Exchange differences	20,5	382,0	417,7	894,8	427,9	365,8
Income tax	23,7	441,2	(743,1)	183,7	(154,4)	(44,1)
Allowance for the impairment of trade and other receivables, net of recovery	12,6	235,1	227,7	24,1	19,7	33,7
Adjustment to present value of receivables	-	0,3	(2,9)	(5,4)	(8,1)	(2,4)
Provision for contingencies	18,1	338,0	151,0	226,4	75,4	36,0
Other expenses - FOCEDE	-	-	14,7	59,6	97,7	-
Changes in fair value of financial assets	(15,9)	(296,3)	(404,2)	(323,6)	(67,6)	(16,1)
Accrual of benefit plans	5,8	107,8	105,4	89,3	51,4	22,5
Higher costs recognition - SEE Resolution 250/13 and subsequents Notes	-	-	(81,5)	(551,5)	(2.271,9)	(2.933,1)
Income recognition on account of the RTI - SEE Resolution 32/15	-	-	(419,7)	(495,5)	-	-
Recognition of income – provisional remedies – MINEM Note 2016-04484723	-	-	(1.125,6)	-	-	-
Net gain from the repurchase of Corporate Bonds	-	-	-	-	(44,4)	(88,9)
Income from non-reimbursable customer contributions	(0,2)	(2,8)	(0,8)	(0,8)	-	-
Other reserve constitution - Share bases compensation plan	0,4	7,8	20,3	-	-	-
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	168,6
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in trade receivables	(93,8)	(1.748,5)	(2.973,8)	(40,6)	(55,3)	(48,5)
Decrease (Increase) in other receivables	1,0	19,0	1.063,5	375,6	(134,7)	(111,7)
(Increase) Decrease in inventories	(1,2)	(23,2)	(152,9)	(60,9)	9,9	(42,7)
Increase in deferred revenue	-	-	46,9	45,5	76,2	(0,7)
Increase (Decrease) in trade payables	81,1	1.513,0	2.780,9	660,8	(528,4)	(87,0)
Increase in salaries and social security payable	11,4	213,2	313,3	139,7	226,7	95,3
Decrease in benefit plans	(2,1)	(38,3)	(30,8)	(21,2)	(11,0)	(7,9)
(Decrease) Increase in tax liabilities	(13,3)	(248,3)	990,2	(141,0)	(28,7)	(44,9)
Increase (Decrease) in other payables	15,9	296,8	2.338,4	(62,1)	262,3	262,0
Funds obtained from the program for the rational use of electric power (PUREE) (SE Resolution No. 1037/07)	-	-	-	25,6	482,9	491,9
Decrease in provisions	(2,1)	(39,9)	(51,8)	(32,6)	(33,0)	(25,3)
Payment of Tax payable	(14,2)	(264,6)	-	-	-	-
Subtotal before variations of debts with Cammesa	176,0	3.283,3	2.931,4	2.751,0	(1.807,4)	(794,9)
Increase in account payables with Cammesa	-	-	-	251,0	2.974,9	2.231,5
Net cash flows provided by operating activities	176,0	3.283,3	2.931,4	3.002,0	1.167,4	1.436,5

Cash flows from investing activities
Payment of property, plant and equipment	(194,8)	(3.632,2)	(2.474,6)	(2.095,5)	(1.400,1)	(892,4)
Net (payment for) collection of purchase / sale of financial assets at fair value	(24,2)	(450,6)	89,1	(1.012,0)	(64,6)	(97,4)
Collection of financial receivables with related companies	-	-	-	-	-	2,1
Collection of receivables from sale of subsidiaries	1,9	36,3	12,0	4,3	3,0	2,9
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	(124,2)
Net cash flows used in investing activities	(217,1)	(4.046,5)	(2.373,5)	(3.103,2)	(1.461,7)	(1.109,0)

(1) Includes the increase in account payable with CAMMESA. As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, amounted to Ps. 251.0, Ps. 2,974.9 and Ps. 2,231.5, respectively. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Sources and uses of Funds”.

Statement of Cash flows (continued)

	2017	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
	US$	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings	46,7	870,9	-	-	-	-
Repayment of principal on loans	-	-	-	-	(0,4)	(25,5)
Payment of interest on loans	(15,2)	(283,4)	(266,0)	(172,9)	(155,3)	(177,0)
Proceeds from PP&E mutuum	-				100,0
Proceeds from Salaries mutuum	-	-	-	214,9	280,6	-
Repurchase of corporate notes	-	-	(4,9)	-	-	-
Payment of redemption on corporate notes	-	-	(221,8)	-	-	-
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-	-	25,4
Net cash flows used in provided financing activities	31,5	587,5	(492,7)	42,0	224,9	(177,1)

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(9,6)	(175,7)	65,1	(59,3)	(69,4)	150,5

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	13,9	258,6	129,0	179,1	243,5	71,1
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year included in assets of disposal group classified as held for sale	-	-	-	-	-	11,2
Exchange differences in cash and cash equivalents	-	-	64,5	9,1	5,1	10,7
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(9,4)	(175,7)	65,1	(59,2)	(69,5)	150,5
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year	4,5	82,9	258,6	129,0	179,1	243,5


Supplemental cash flows information
Non-cash operating, investing and financing activities

Financial costs capitalized in property, plant and equipment	(16,8)	(313,7)	(189,7)	(255,9)	(123,9)	(24,5)

Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment through increased trade payables	(21,3)	(396,7)	(205,8)	(166,8)	(144,8)	(126,4)

(Decrease) from offsetting of PUREE-related liability against receivables (SE Resolution 250/13, subsequent Notes and SE Resolution 32/15)	-	-	-	10,6	(574,0)	(1.661,1)

Increase from offsetting of liability with CAMMESA for electricity purchases against receivables (SE Resolution 250/13, subsequent Notes and SE Resolution 32/15)	-	-	-	158,1	(2.218,4)	(1.152,3)

Decrease from offset of other liabilities with CAMMESA for loans for consumption (Mutuums) granted for higher salary costs (SE Resolution 32/15)	-	-	-	(495,5)	-	-

Amounts received from CAMMESA through FOCEDE	-	-	-	723,6	100,0	-

Decrease in financial assets at fair value from repurchase of Corporate Notes	-	-	-	-	91,6	165,1


Increase in financial assets at fair value from subsidiary sale	-	-	-	-	-	(334,3)

Decrease of other receivables for collection of corporate notes with related companies	-	-	-	-	-	52,8

Net increase of trade receivables from assets of disposal group classified as held for sale	-	-	-	-	-	(44,6)

Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment through increased debt FOTAE	-	-	-	-	(32,9)	(49,0)

	Year ended December 31,
	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
Operating data
Energy sales (in GWh):	21,503	22,253	22,380	21,292	21,654
Residential	9,143	9,708	9,671	9,114	9,114
Small Commercial	1,760	1,819	1,878	1,714	1,780
Medium Commercial	1,754	1,820	1,828	1,712	1,828
Industrial	3,687	3,677	3,680	3,431	3,458
Wheeling System⁽¹⁾	3,968	4,014	4,200	4,213	4,374
Public Lighting	708	704	688	678	683
Shantytowns	483	511	435	430	417
Customers (in thousands)⁽²⁾	2,950	2,866	2,835	2,801	2,772
Energy Losses (%)	17.1%	17.0%	14.9%	13.8%	13.0%
MWh sold per employee	4,490	4,743	4,766	4,936	6,077
Customers per employee	616	611	604	649	778

(1) Wheeling system charges represent our tariffs for large users, which consist of a fixed charge for recognized technical losses and a charge for our distribution margins but exclude charges for electric power purchases, which are undertaken directly between generators and large users.

(2) We define a customer as one meter. We may supply more than one consumer through a single meter. In particular, because we measure our energy sales to each shantytown collectively using a single meter, each shantytown is counted as a single customer.

EXCHANGE RATES

From April 1, 1991 until the end of 2001, Law No. 23,928 (the “Convertibility Law”) established a fixed exchange rate under which the Central Bank of Argentina (Banco Central de la República Argentina, the “Central Bank”) was obliged to sell U.S. Dollars at a fixed rate of one Peso per U.S. Dollar (the “Convertibility Regime”). On January 6, 2002, the Argentine Congress enacted the Public Emergency Law No. 25,561 (the “Public Emergency Law”), formally putting an end to the Convertibility Regime and abandoning over ten years of U.S. Dollar-Peso parity. For a brief period following the end of the Convertibility Regime, the Public Emergency Law established a temporary of time dual exchange rate system. Since February 2002, the Peso has been allowed to float freely against other currencies, although the Government could intervene by buying and selling foreign currency on its own account. The Public Emergency Law granted the Executive Branch of the Argentine Government the power to set the exchange rate between the Peso and foreign currencies and to issue regulations related to the foreign exchange market. The Public Emergency law has been extended until December 31, 2017. As of the date of this annual report, the Public Emergency Law has been repealed.

After several years of moderate variations in the nominal exchange rate, the Peso lost more than 30% of its value with respect to the U.S. Dollar in each of 2013 and 2014, and in 2015, the Peso lost approximately 53% of its value with respect to the U.S. Dollar, including a depreciation of approximately 36% mainly experienced after December 17, 2015 following the announcement of the lifting of a significant portion of exchange restrictions (See “—Risk Factors—Factors Relating to Argentina—Fluctuations in the value of the Peso could adversely affect the Argentine economy and, in turn, adversely affect our results of operations”). This was followed by a devaluation of the Peso with respect to the U.S. Dollar of approximately 20% from January 1, 2016 through February 29, 2016. From March 1, 2016, through December 31, 2016, the Peso lost approximately 0.6% with respect to the U.S. Dollar. During 2017, the Peso lost approximately 17% of its value with respect to the U.S. Dollar.

There can be no assurance that the Argentine Peso will not depreciate or appreciate again in the future.

The following table sets forth the annual high, low, average and period-end exchange rates for U.S. Dollars for the periods indicated, expressed in Pesos per U.S. Dollar at the purchasing exchange rate and not adjusted for inflation. When preparing our financial statements, we utilize the selling exchange rates for U.S. Dollars quoted by the Banco Nación to translate our U.S. Dollar denominated assets and liabilities into Pesos. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for Pesos.

	Low		High		Average		Period End
	(Pesos per U.S. Dollar)
Year ended December 31,
2013	4,93		6,52		5,48	(1)	6,52
2014	6,54		8,56		8,23	(1)	8,55
2015	8,56		13,40		9,51	(1)	13,04
2016	13,20		16,03		14,79	(1)	15,89
2017	15,19		19,20		16,73	(1)	18,65

Month
novembro-17	17,31	(2)	17,65	(2)	17,48		17,31
dezembro-17	17,23	(2)	19,20	(2)	17,75		18,65
janeiro-18	18,41	(2)	19,65	(2)	19,04		19,65
fevereiro-18	19,38	(2)	20,20	(2)	19,83		20,11
março-18	20,15	(2)	20,41	(2)	20,24		20,15
April-2018 (3)	20,16	(2)	20,22	(2)	20,19		20,18
_____________________
Source: Banco Nación

(1) Represents the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the period.

(2) Average of the lowest and highest daily rates in the month.

(3) Represents the corresponding exchange rates from April 1 through April 17, 2018.

RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Argentina

Overview

We are a stock corporation (sociedad anónima) incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Argentina and all of our revenues are earned in Argentina and all of our operations, facilities, and customers are located in Argentina. Accordingly, our financial condition and results of operations depend to a significant extent on macroeconomic, regulatory, political and financial conditions prevailing in Argentina, including growth rates, inflation rates, currency exchange rates, taxes, interest rates, and other local, regional and international events and conditions that may affect Argentina in any manner. For example, slower economic growth or economic recession could lead to a decreased demand for electricity in our concession area or to a decline in the purchasing power of our customers, which, in turn, could lead to a decrease in collection rates from our customers or increased energy losses due to illegal use of our service. Actions of the Argentine Government concerning the economy, including measures with respect to inflation, interest rates, price controls (including tariffs and other compensation of public services), foreign exchange controls and taxes, have had and may in the future have a material adverse effect on private sector entities, including us.

We cannot assure you that the Argentine Government will not adopt other policies that could adversely affect the Argentine economy or our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, we cannot assure you that future economic, regulatory, social and political developments in Argentina will not impair our business, financial condition or results of operations, or cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

A global or regional financial crisis and unfavorable credit and market conditions may negatively affect our liquidity, customers, business, and results of operations

The effects of a global or regional financial crisis and related turmoil in the global financial system may have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations, which is likely to be more severe on an emerging market economy, such as Argentina. This was the case in 2008, when the global economic crisis led to a sudden economic decline in Argentina in 2009, accompanied by inflationary pressures, depreciation of the Peso and a drop in consumer and investor confidence.

The effects of an economic crisis on our customers and on us cannot be predicted. Weak global and local economic conditions could lead to reduced demand or lower prices for energy, hydrocarbons and related oil products and petrochemicals, which could have a negative effect on our revenues. Economic factors such as unemployment, inflation and the unavailability of credit could also have a material adverse effect on demand for energy and, therefore, on our business financial condition and results of operations. The financial and economic situation in Argentina or in other countries in Latin America, such as Brazil, may also have a negative impact on us and third parties with whom we do, or may do, business.

In addition, the global economic crisis that began in the fourth quarter of 2008, triggering an international stock market crash and the insolvency of major financial institutions, limited the ability of Argentine companies to access international financial markets as they had prior to the crisis or made such access significantly more costly. A similar global or regional financial crisis in the future could limit our ability to access the credit or capital markets at a time when we require financing, thereby impairing our flexibility to react to changing economic and business conditions. For these reasons, any of the foregoing factors could together or independently have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and cause the market value of our ADSs to decline.

The Argentine economy remains vulnerable and any significant decline may adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition

The Argentine economy has experienced significant volatility in recent decades, characterized by periods of low or negative growth, high levels of inflation and currency devaluation. Sustainable economic growth in Argentina is dependent on a variety of factors, including the international demand for Argentine exports, the stability and competitiveness of the Peso against foreign currencies, confidence among consumers and foreign and domestic investors and a stable rate of inflation, national employment levels and the circumstances of Argentina’s regional trade partners. Although the Argentine economy has recently shown positive signs and begun to restore confidence and access to worldwide international financial markets under the current administration, it remains vulnerable, as reflected by the following economic conditions:

· according to the revised calculation of 2004 gross domestic product (“GDP”) published by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (National Statistics and Census Institute or “INDEC”) on June 29, 2016, which forms the basis for the real GDP calculation for every year after 2004, and recent data published by the INDEC in 2018, for the year ended December 31, 2017, Argentina’s real GDP increase by 2.8% compared to the same period in 2016. Argentina’s performance has depended to a significant extent on high commodity prices which, despite having favorable long-term trends, are volatile in the short-term and beyond the control of the Argentine Government and the private sector;

· continued increases in public expenditures have resulted and could continue to result in fiscal deficits and affect economic growth;

· inflation remains high and may continue at those levels in the future;

· investment as a percentage of GDP remains low to sustain the growth rate of the past decade;

· several protests or strikes took place during 2017, which adversely affects the stability of the political, social and economic environment and may negatively impact the global financial market’s confidence in the Argentine economy. We cannot guarantee that these kinds of events will not occur in the future;

· energy or natural gas supply may not be sufficient to supply increased industrial activity (thereby limiting industrial development) and consumption;

· unemployment and informal employment remain high; and

· the Argentine Government’s economic expectations may not be met and the process of restoring the confidence in the Argentine economy may take longer than anticipated.

As in the recent past, Argentina’s economy may be adversely affected if political and social pressures inhibit the implementation by the Argentine Government of policies designed to control inflation, generate growth and enhance consumer and investor confidence, or if policies implemented by the Argentine Government that are designed to achieve these goals are not successful. These events could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations, or cause the market value of our ADSs and our Class B common shares to decline.

We cannot assure you that a decline in economic growth, an increase in economic instability or the expansion of economic policies and measures taken or that may be adopted in the future by the Argentine Government to control inflation or address other macroeconomic developments that affect private sector entities such as us, all developments over which we have no control, would not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations or would not have a negative impact on the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares.

The impact of congressional and presidential elections on the future economic and political environment of Argentina remains uncertain, but likely to be material

Since taking office on December 10, 2015, the Macri administration has announced and implemented several significant economic and policy reforms, including:

· Electricity system state of emergency and reforms. On December 16, 2015, the Macri administration declared a state of emergency of the national electricity system that was in effect until December 31, 2017. The state of emergency allowed the Argentine Government to take actions designed to guarantee the supply of electricity. In addition, following the Macri administration’s announcement that it would reexamine energy subsidy policies, the ME&M increased electricity rates for the wholesale market for purchases made between February 1 through April 30, 2016. This increase was used to reduce subsidies to the sector. On January 29, 2016, the ENRE, through Resolution No. 1/16 approved a new tariff structure for electricity distribution which became effective on February 1, 2016, and introduced different prices depending on the categories of customers. Such resolution also contemplated a social tariff applicable to residential customers who comply with certain consumption requirements, which included a full exemption for monthly consumptions equal to or below 150 KWh and other tariff benefits for customers who exceed such consumption levels but achieve a monthly consumption lower than that of the same period in the immediately preceding year. On the same date, through Resolution No. 2/16, the ENRE partially repealed Resolution No. 347/12, discontinuing the FOCEDE (as defined below) and ordered us to open a special bank account with a Central Bank authorized entity where the funds received pursuant to Resolution No. 347/12 were be deposited through February 2016. By correcting tariffs, reducing subsidies and modifying the regulatory framework, the Macri administration aimed at correcting distortions in the energy sector and stimulating investment. Following the tariff increases, preliminary injunctions were requested by customers, and non-Governmental organizations that defend customers’ rights, some of which were granted by Argentine courts. Among others, two separate orders led to the suspension of end-user electricity tariff increases in the Province of Buenos Aires and in the entire territory of Argentina.

However, on September 6, 2016, the Argentine Supreme Court reversed the injunctions that had suspended end-user electricity tariff increases on the basis of formal objections and procedural defects and, therefore, as of the date of this annual report, increases to end-user electricity tariffs are no longer suspended. On September 12, 2016, pursuant to an Argentine Supreme Court decision, a public hearing conducted by the ME&M was held in relation to the approval of a new gas tariff schedule. In October 2016, such new gas tariff schedule was approved by the Macri administration establishing increases in tariffs ranging between 300% and 500%. On October 28, 2016, a non-binding public hearing was conducted by the ME&M and the ENRE to discuss tariff proposals submitted by distribution companies covering the greater Buenos Aires area (with approximately 15 million inhabitants), including us, for the 2017-2021 period within the framework of the RTI. On February 1, 2017, the ENRE enacted several resolutions which, among other policy changes, implemented a reduction of electricity tariff subsidies, and an increase in electricity tariffs for their residential customers. Such increases ranged between 61% and 148%, according to the amount of electricity consumption. During 2017, lower court injunctions suspended end-user electricity tariff increases, implemented as of February 1, 2017, in the provinces of Buenos Aires and Chaco. On November 30, 2017 and on January 31, 2018, the ENRE enacted the resolutions No. 603/17 and No. 33/18, respectively, which, among others, approved own distribution costs (“CPD”) values, applicable as from December 1, 2017, and retroactively to consumption recorded in the months of August through November 2017 and the values of CPD, the values of the monthly installment to be applied in accordance with the provisions of ENRE Resolution No. 329/17 and the values of the Edenor’s electricity rate schedule applicable to consumption recorded as from February 1, 2018. As of the date of this annual report, the tariff tables for the transport and distribution of electric energy during the five-year period 2017-2021 were effective and not subject to any injunctions. See “Item 5—Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Integral Tariff Revision.”

Transport and distribution of natural gas reforms. On September 12, 2016, pursuant to an Argentine Supreme Court decision, a public hearing conducted by the ME&M was held for the approval of a new gas tariff schedule. In this regard, the ME&M issued Resolution No. 28/2016 and Resolution No. 31/16, pursuant to which it fixed the prices of natural gas at the supply point (“PIST”) and the tariffs of distribution and transportation of natural gas that will reach residential and commercial users throughout the country, as well as to the supply of compressed natural gas to service stations and electricity generating plants and instructed the Ente Nacional Regulador del Gas (“ENARGAS”) to carry out RTI process, to determine the tariffs of distribution and transportation of natural gas applicable throughout the country. The RTI concluded on March 27, 2018, and a new tariff schedule applicable to the transportation and distribution of natural gas has been published and will be in effect during the five-year period from April 2017 to March 2022.

INDEC reforms. Regarding the reliability of the information produced by the INDEC, the Macri administration appointed Mr. Jorge Todesca, previously a director of a private consulting firm, as head of the agency. The INDEC has implemented certain methodological reforms and adjusted certain macroeconomic statistics on the basis of such reforms. On January 8, 2016, Decree No. 55/2016 was issued by the Argentine Government declaring a state of administrative emergency on the national statistical system and on the official agency in charge of the system, the INDEC, which remained in effect until December 31, 2016. Following the emergency declaration, the INDEC ceased publishing statistical data until a rearrangement of its technical and administrative structure was finalized. During the implementation of these reforms, however, the INDEC used official consumer price index (“CPI”) figures and other statistics published by the Province of San Luis and the City of Buenos Aires for reference as a benchmark of national inflation. As of the date of this annual report, the INDEC has published certain revised data, including the CPI monthly data since May 2016 and foreign trade and balance of payment statistics. On June 29, 2016, the INDEC published a report including revised GDP data for the years 2004 through 2015. On September 22, 2016, the INDEC resumed publication of its essential goods and services basket assessment. On November 9, 2016, the IMF Executive Board lifted its censure on the Republic of Argentina, noting that the Republic of Argentina had resumed the publication of data in a manner consistent with its obligations under the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The INDEC GDP data for 2016 shows a 2.2% GDP contraction compared to 2015. The INDEC GDP data for 2016 showed a 2.2% GDP contraction compared to 2015, while for 2017 showed a 2.8% GDP increased compared to 2016. See “—Risks Related to Argentina—The credibility of several Argentine economic indexes was called into question, which may lead to a lack of confidence in the Argentine economy and, in turn, limit our ability to access credit and the capital markets.”

Foreign exchange reforms. In addition, the Macri administration implemented certain reforms to the foreign exchange market regulatory framework that provided greater flexibility and easier access to the foreign exchange market. The principal measures adopted as of the date of this annual report included (i) the elimination of the requirement to register foreign exchange transactions in the Argentine Tax Authority’s (“AFIP”) database, (ii) the elimination of the requirement to transfer the proceeds of new financial indebtedness transactions into Argentina and settle such proceeds through the single and free floating foreign exchange market (the “MULC”), (iii) a decrease from 30% to 0% of the registered, non-transferable and non-interest-bearing deposit required in connection with certain transactions involving foreign currency inflows, and (iv) the elimination of the requirement of a minimum holding period (72 business hours) for purchases and subsequent sales of the securities. On January 11, 2018, with the aim of providing more flexibility to the foreign exchange system and promoting competition, allowing the entrance of new players to the system, the free floating foreign exchange market was created by means of Decree No. 27/2018. For additional information see “Item 10. Additional Information – Exchange Controls”. The exchange rate published by Banco Nación as of April 17, 2018 was Ps. 20.18 to U.S.$1.00.
Foreign trade reforms. The Macri administration eliminated export duties on wheat, corn, beef and regional products, and reduced the export duty on soybeans by 5%, to 30%. Further, the 5% export duty on most industrial exports and export duties on mining exports, were eliminated. With respect to payments of existing debts for imports of goods and services, the Macri administration eliminated most of the restrictions on access to the MULC and eliminated the amount for any new transactions. In addition, the import customs system was modified by the replacement of the Declaraciones Juradas Anticipadas de Importación system with a new import procedure that requires certain filings and import licences for certain goods (including textiles, footwear, toys, domestic appliances and automobile parts), which, unlike the previous system, does not contemplate discretionary federal Government approval of payments for the import of products through the MULC. By Decree No. 893/2017, published in the Official Gazette on November 2, 2017, the Argentine Government repealed article 1 of Decree No. 2,581/1964, article 10 of Decree No. 1,555/1986 and Decree No. 1,638/2001. As a result, the obligation of Argentine exporters to repatriate and settle for pesos in the MULC foreign currency proceeds derived from the export of goods was eliminated. On January 2, 2017, the Argentine Government further reduce the export duties rates of soybean and soybean products, establishing a monthly 0.5% decrease on the export duties rate beginning in January 2018 through December 2019. In addition, importers were offered short-term debt securities issued by the Argentine Government to repay outstanding commercial debt for the import of goods.
Debt Policy. Since taking office, the Macri administration negotiated agreements to settle outstanding claims with a large majority of holdout creditors. However, as of the date of this annual report, litigation initiated by bondholders that have not responded to Argentina’s settlement proposal continues in several jurisdictions, although the size of the claims involved has decreased significantly. See “Item 3. -Key Information – Risk Factors – Risk Related to Argentina - Argentina’s ability to obtain financing from international markets is limited, which may impair its ability to implement reforms and foster economic growth and, consequently, affect our business, results of operations and prospects for growth.”
Correction of monetary imbalances. The Macri administration announced the adoption of an inflation targeting regime to apply in parallel with the floating exchange rate regime and established inflation targets for the next four years. The Central Bank has increased intervention efforts in the foreign exchange market to reduce excess monetary imbalances and raised Peso interest rates to offset inflationary pressure. Since January 2017, the Central Bank started to use the seven-day repo reference rate as the anchor of its inflation targeting regime. Short term notes issued by the Central Bank (“LEBACs”) are used to manage liquidity. On December 28, 2017, the Central Bank announced its inflation targets for 2018, 2019 and 2020. The inflation target for 2018 is 15%, representing an increase compared to the Central Bank’s previous target range of 8%-12% for the same year. Inflation targets for 2019 and 2020 are 10% and 5%, respectively.

Corporate Criminal Liability Law (Ley de Responsabilidad Penal Empresaria). On March 1, 2018, the Corporate Criminal Liability Law came into effect, providing for the criminal liability of corporate entities for offenses against the public administration and cross-border bribery committed by, among others, its shareholders, attorneys-in-fact, directors, managers, employees, or representatives. A company found liable under this law may be subject to various sanctions, including, among others, fines from two to five times the undue benefit obtained or that could have been obtain and the partial or total suspension of activities for up to ten years. In addition, this law extended the criminal liability under the Argentine Criminal Code to actions committed outside Argentina by Argentine citizens or companies domiciled in Argentina.
Argentine capital markets reforms. On November 13, 2017, the executive branch submitted to the Argentine Congress draft legislation aimed to develop the Argentine domestic capital markets. The draft legislation provides for the amendment of the Argentine Capital Markets Law No. 26,831 (the “CML”), the Mutual Funds Law No. 24,083 and the Argentine Negotiable Obligations Law No. 23,576, among others. The draft law also amends certain tax provisions, as well as regulations relating to derivatives. On March 21, 2018, the draft legislation was approved by the Senate, subject to certain amendments. As of the date of this annual report, the draft legislation is under review by the Chamber of Deputies for its definitive approval.
Pension Reform Law (Ley de Reforma Previsional). On December 28, 2017, the Argentine Congress enacted the Pension Reform Law, whose goal is to overhaul Argentina’s social security program by implementing measures to facilitate its sustainability, while still protecting certain vulnerable beneficiaries. To that effect, the Pension Reform Law modified the basic formula for calculating the periodic adjustment of retirement benefits, pension payments and the Universal Child Allowance (Asignación Universal por Hijo) available to participants. Under the pre-existing regime, payments to beneficiaries were linked to wages and taxes. In particular, the periodic adjustments occurred twice a year and such adjustments were based on the variation in certain tax revenues assigned to Argentina’s National Social Security Administration (Administración Nacional de la Seguridad Social or “ANSES”) (with a 50% weighting) and the change in the average wage, based on the greater of the Remuneración Imponible Promedio de los Trabajadores Estables (“RIPTE”), an index published by the Ministry of Labor that measures the salary increases of public sector employees, or the data published by INDEC (with a 50% weighting). Beginning in March 2018, payments to beneficiaries are linked to inflation. In particular, periodic adjustments will be quarterly on the basis of a formula that measures the variation of inflation (with a 70% weighting) and the RIPTE index (with a 30% weighting). The law also guarantees a one-time supplemental payment to beneficiaries of the Universal Basic Benefit (Prestación Básica Universal) who have established 30 years or more of employment with effective contributions, so that the beneficiary’s pension is equivalent to eighty-two percent (82%) of the minimum wage value.

The Pension Reform Law also amended Section 252 of the Labor Law to permit employers to request the retirement of employees who have reached 70 years of age (compared to 65 years under the prior regimen). The employer must continue the employment relationship for one year or until the employee obtains the benefit, whichever occurs first. Notwithstanding the foregoing, male employees may exercise their right to request pension benefits at the age of 65 or thereafter and female employees may exercise such right at the age of 60 or thereafter. Public sector employees are excluded from the foregoing provision.

To mitigate the adverse impact on certain beneficiaries of the transition to the new benefit adjustment formula approved by the Argentine Congress, on December 20, 2017, the Macri administration granted a special one-time Ps.750 subsidy to beneficiaries who receive less than Ps.10,000 per month and meet certain age and years of employment requirements under the law. Beneficiaries of non-contributory pensions for old age or disability who receive less than Ps.10,000 per month and those who meet the requirements of the Universal Pension for the Elderly (Pensión Universal para el Adulto Mayor) were also granted a one-time subsidy of Ps.375. Further, this measure provided a one-time subsidy of Ps.400 to beneficiaries of the Universal Child Allowance and/or the Universal Pregnancy Allowance (Asignación Universal por Embarazo).

Tax on Financial Transactions (Impuesto al Cheque). On December 27, 2017, the Argentine Congress extended the tax on financial transactions through 2022, and earmarked revenues collected under this tax item to fund the Argentine Integrated Pension System (SIPA).
Tax Reform (Reforma Tributaria). On December 27, 2017, the Argentine Congress approved a series of reforms to reduce the complexity and increase the efficiency of the Argentine tax regime by, for example, measures targeting tax evasion, as well as increasing the coverage of income tax as applied to individuals and encouraging investment while sustaining Argentina’s medium- and long-term efforts to restore fiscal balance. The tax reforms will gradually come into effect over the next five years. The fiscal cost of the reform is estimated at 0.3% of Argentina’s GDP. The tax reform is part of a larger program announced by President Macri intended to increase the competitiveness of the Argentine economy (including by reducing the fiscal deficit) and labor market, and reduce poverty levels on a sustainable basis. The main aspects of the tax reform are the following:

(i) Interest earned, and capital gains realized, by Argentine tax residents (individuals and undivided estates located in Argentina), derived from the sale or disposition of bonds issued by the federal Government, the provinces and municipalities of Argentina and the City of Buenos Aires, will be subject to income tax at a rate of (a) 5%, in the case of Peso-denominated securities that do not include an indexation clause, and (b) 15%, in the case of Peso-denominated securities with an indexation clause or foreign currency denominated securities; capital gains realized by Argentine tax residents (individuals and undivided estates located in Argentina) from the sale of equity securities on a stock exchange will remain exempt, subject to compliance with certain requirements.

(ii) Holders of notes issued by the federal Government, the provinces and municipalities of Argentina and the City of Buenos Aires that are not Argentine tax residents will be exempt from Argentine income taxes on interest and capital gains to the extent such beneficiaries do not reside in, or channel their funds through, non-cooperating jurisdictions. The non-cooperating jurisdictions list will be prepared and published by the executive branch. Short-term notes issued by the Central Bank (LEBACs) are outside the scope of these exemptions applicable to non-Argentine residents.

(iii) The aforementioned amendments have been in force since January 1, 2018.

(iv) Corporate income tax will be gradually reduced to 30% for the fiscal year commencing January 1, 2018, and to 25% for fiscal years commencing on or after January 1, 2020. Withholding taxes will be assessed on certain dividends or distributed profits bringing the total effective tax rate on corporate profits to 35%.

The tax reforms also provide for other amendments regarding social security contributions, tax administrative procedures law, criminal tax law, tax on liquid fuels and excise taxes.

· Fiscal Consensus. On December 22, 2017, the Chamber of Deputies passed into law the Fiscal Agreement (“Pacto Fiscal”), also known as the Fiscal Consensus (“Consenso Fiscal”). This law was based on an agreement signed on November 16, 2017 between the Argentine Government and representatives from 23 out of Argentina’s 24 provinces, with the goal of implementing measures that favor sustained growth in economic activity, productivity and employment. The Fiscal Consensus includes a commitment to lowering distortive taxes by 1.5% of GDP over the next five years, a waiver of lawsuits against the Argentine Government and a Ps.20,000 million payment to the province of Buenos Aires (which will increase over the next five years) as a partial and progressive solution to the conflict related to the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area Fund(Fondo del Conurbano Bonaerense).

As of the date of this annual report, the final impact that the aforementioned measures and any future measures to be taken by the current administration will have on the Argentine economy as a whole, and our business in particular, cannot be fully anticipated. We cannot predict how the current administration will address certain political and economic issues that were central during the Presidential election campaign, such as the financing of public expenditure and public service subsidies, or the impact that any measures related to these issues that are implemented by the current administration will have on the Argentine economy as a whole. We cannot assure you that these measures, or any future measures, taken by the Macri administration will have a positive impact on the Argentine economy, would not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations or would not have a negative impact on the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares.

If the high levels of inflation continue, the Argentine economy and our results of operations could be adversely affected

Historically, inflation has materially undermined the Argentine economy and the Argentine Government’s ability to create conditions that allow growth. In recent years, Argentina has confronted inflationary pressures, evidenced by significantly higher fuel, energy and food prices, among other factors. From 2011 to date, Argentina experienced increases in inflation as measured by the wholesale price index (“WPI”) that reflected the continued growth in the levels of private consumption and economic activity (including exports and public and private sector investment), which applied an upward pressure on the demand for goods and services, evidenced by significantly higher fuel, energy and food prices, among others. According to data published by the INDEC, CPI rates for July, August, September, October, November and December 2017, and January, February and March 2018 were 1.7%, 1.4%, 1.9%, 1.5%, 1.4%, 3.1%, 1.8%,2.4% and2.3%, respectively. See “—The credibility of several Argentine economic indexes was called into question, which may lead to a lack of confidence in the Argentine economy and, in turn, limit our ability to access credit and the capital markets” below. The previous administration has in the past implemented programs to control inflation and monitor prices for essential goods and services, including by freezing the prices of supermarket products, and through price support arrangements with private sector companies in several industries and markets. The Argentine Government’s adjustments to electricity and gas tariffs, as well as the increase in the price of gasoline have affected prices, creating additional inflationary pressure.

A high inflation rate affects Argentina’s foreign competitiveness by diluting the effects of the Peso devaluation, negatively impacting employment and the level of economic activity and undermining confidence in Argentina’s banking system, which may further limit the availability of domestic and international credit to businesses. In turn, a portion of the Argentine debt continues to be adjusted by theCoeficiente de Estabilización de Referencia (Stabilization Coefficient, or “CER”), a currency index, that is strongly related to inflation. Therefore, any significant increase in inflation would cause an increase in the Argentine external debt and consequently in Argentina’s financial obligations, which could exacerbate the stress on the Argentine economy. A continuing inflationary environment could undermine our results of operations, adversely affect our ability to finance the working capital needs of our business on favorable terms; and it could adversely affect our results of operations and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

Although conditions necessary to qualify the Argentine economy as hyperinflationary in accordance with provisions of IAS 29 have not been met, and considering professional and regulatory limitations for the preparation of adjusted financial statements as of December 31, 2017, certain macroeconomic variables affecting the Company’s business, such as wage costs and purchase prices, have experienced significant annual variations, and as a result should be considered in the evaluation and interpretation of the financial position and results presented by the Company in the Consolidated Financial Statements. In case inflation rates continue to escalate in the future, the Argentine Peso may qualify as a currency of a hyperinflationary economy, in which case our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and other financial information may need to be adjusted by applying a general price index and expressed in the measuring unit (i.e., the hyperinflationary currency) current at the end of each reporting period. We cannot determine at this time the impact that this would have on our results of operations and financial condition

The credibility of several Argentine economic indexes was called into question, which may lead to a lack of confidence in the Argentine economy and, in turn, limit our ability to access credit and the capital markets

In January 2007, the INDEC modified its methodology used to calculate the CPI, which is calculated as the monthly average of a weighted basket of consumer goods and services that reflects the pattern of consumption of Argentine households. Prior to 2015, the credibility of the CPI, as well as other indices published by the INDEC were called into question.

On November 23, 2010, the Fernández de Kirchner administration began consulting with the IMF for technical assistance in order to prepare a new national CPI with the aim of modernizing the statistical system. However, Argentina was subsequently censured by the IMF in 2014 for failing to make sufficient progress in adopting remedial measures to address the quality of official data, including inflation and GDP. On November 9, 2016, the IMF Executive Board listed its censure on Argentina, noting that Argentina has resumed the publication of data in a manner consistent with its obligations under the Articles of Agreement of the IMF.

In order to address the quality of official data, a new price index was put in place on February 13, 2014. Such new price index represented the first national indicator to measure changes in prices of final consumption by households. Unlike the previous price index, which only measured inflation in the urban sprawl of the City of Buenos Aires, the new price index was calculated by measuring prices of goods across the entire urban population of the 24 provinces of Argentina. Although this methodology brought inflation statistics closer to those estimated by private sources, material differences between official inflation data and private estimates remained during 2015. In November 2015, the INDEC suspended the publication of the CPI and the WPI.

On January 8, 2016, based on its determination that the INDEC had failed to produce reliable statistical information, particularly with respect to CPI, GDP and foreign trade data, as well as with poverty and unemployment rates, the Macri administration declared a state of administrative emergency for the national statistical system and the INDEC that remained in effect through December 31, 2016. The INDEC suspended the publication of certain statistical data until a reorganization of its technical and administrative structure to recover its ability to produce reliable statistical information was finalized in June 2016. During the suspension period, the INDEC published CPI figures published by the City of Buenos Aires and the Province of San Luis for reference as an estimated benchmark for national inflation. In June 2016, the INDEC resumed publishing an official inflation rate using a new methodology for calculating the CPI.

On September 22, 2016, the INDEC resumed publication of its essential goods and services basket assessment. On July 11, 2017, the INDEC began publishing a national CPI (the “National CPI”). The National CPI is based on a survey conducted by INDEC and several provincial statistical offices in 39 urban areas including each of the Argentina’s provinces. The official CPI inflation rate for the year ended December 31, 2017 was24.8%.

High inflation rates affect Argentina’s foreign competitiveness, social and economic inequality, negatively impact employment, consumption and the level of economic activity and undermine confidence in Argentina’s banking system, which could further limit the availability of and access by local companies to domestic and international credit. Inflation rates could escalate in the future, and there is uncertainty regarding the effects that the Government measures to control inflation that are adopted, or that may be adopted in the future, may have. Increased inflation could adversely affect the Argentine economy, which in turn may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Notwithstanding measures taken by the INDEC to address appropriate inflation statistics, some private economists estimate significantly higher inflation rates than those published by the INDEC for the period from 2007 to 2015. Any future required correction or restatement of the INDEC indexes could result in decreased confidence in Argentina’s economy, which, in turn, could have an adverse effect on our ability to access international capital markets to finance our operations and growth, and which could, in turn, adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

Argentina’s past default and litigations with holdout bondholders may limit our ability to access international markets

Argentina’s history of defaults on its external debt and the protracted litigation with holdout creditors, summarized below, may reoccur in the future and prevent Argentine companies such as us from accessing the international capital markets readily or may result in higher costs and more onerous terms for such financing, and may therefore negatively affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, the value of our securities, and our ability to meet our financial obligations.

Following the default on its external debt in 2001, Argentina sought to restructure its outstanding debt by offering holders of the defaulted bonds two opportunities to exchange them for newly issued debt securities, in 2005 and again in 2010. Holders of approximately 93% of Argentina’s defaulted debt participated in the exchanges. Nonetheless, a number of bondholders held out from the exchange offers and pursued legal actions against Argentina in the courts of the United States and several other countries.

After almost 15 years of litigation, and following the beginning of Macri Administration, in February 2016 Argentina negotiated and reached settlement agreements with a significant portion of its holdout creditors. As required by the settlement, on March 31, 2016, the Argentine Congress voted to repeal Laws No. 26,017 (known as “Ley Cerrojo”) and 26,984 (known as “Ley de Pago Soberano”), which prohibited Argentina from offering to the holdouts better conditions than those offered in the debt swaps of 2005 and 2010. On April 13, 2016, Argentina announced that it would proceed with a new bond offering of up to U.S.$ 12.5 billion to repay the holdouts. After issuing U.S.$ 16.5 billion of new bonds to international investors, on April 22, 2016 Argentina notified the competent U.S. court that it had made full payment under the settlement agreements with the holdout creditors. Although the size of the claims involved has decreased significantly, litigation initiated by bondholders that have not accepted Argentina’s settlement offer continues in several jurisdictions.

However, even though Argentina has successfully accessed the international capital markets since the settlement, there continues to be a risk that the country will not attract the foreign direct investment and financing needed to restart the investment cycle and achieve sustainable rates of economic growth. If that risk occurs, Argentina’s fiscal condition could be adversely affected, which could lead to more inflation and undermine the government’s ability to implement economic policies designed to promote growth. The difficulty of sustaining over time economic growth with reasonable price stability could result in a renewed episode of economic instability.

In addition, the foreign shareholders of several Argentine companies (including us), together with public utilities and certain bondholders that did not participate in the exchange offers described above, filed claims with the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (“ICSID”), alleging that the emergency measures adopted by the Government in 2002 do not meet the just and equal treatment requirements of several bilateral investment treaties to which Argentina is a party. Several of these claims have been resolved against Argentina.

Past situations, such as the lawsuits with creditors that did not accept to the debt exchange, the claims before the ICSID, and the economic policy measures adopted by the Government or any future default of Argentina regarding its financial obligations may harm Argentine companies’ ability to obtain financing. Even financial conditions of such access could be disadvantageous to Argentine companies and, therefore, may adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, the value of our securities, and our ability to meet our financial obligations.

Fluctuations in the value of the Peso could adversely affect the Argentine economy and, which could, in turn adversely affect our results of operations

Fluctuations in the value of the Peso may also adversely affect the Argentine economy, our financial condition and results of operations. The devaluation of the Peso may have a negative impact on the ability of certain Argentine businesses to service their foreign currency-denominated debt, lead to very high inflation, significantly reduce real wages, jeopardize the stability of businesses whose success depends on domestic market demand including public utilities and the financial industry and adversely affect the Argentine Government’s ability to honor its foreign debt obligations. After several years of moderate variations in the nominal exchange rate, the peso lost more than 50% of its value with respect to the U.S. dollar in 2015 and approximately 22% in 2016, including a depreciation of approximately 34% mainly experienced after December 17, 2015 following the announcement of the lifting of a significant portion of foreign exchange restrictions. As of December 21, 2017, the Peso had lost 21.2% of its value with respect to the U.S. dollar as of December 27, 2016. Since the devaluation in December 2015, the Central Bank has allowed the Peso to float and limited interventions to those needed to ensure the orderly functioning of the foreign exchange market. As of December 31, 2017, the exchange rate was Ps.18.649 to U.S.$ 1.00 and the depreciation of the Peso with respect to the U.S. Dollar reached approximately 17% during 2017. We are unable to predict the future value of the Peso against the U.S. Dollar. If the Peso devalues further, the negative effects on the Argentine economy could have adverse consequences to our business, our results of operations and the market value of our ADSs, including as measured in U.S. Dollars.

On the other hand, a significant appreciation of the Peso against the U.S. Dollar also presents risks for the Argentine economy, including the possibility of a reduction in exports (as a consequence of the loss of external competitiveness). Any such increase could also have a negative effect on economic growth and employment, reduce the Argentine public sector’s revenues from tax collection in real terms, and have a material adverse effect on our business, our results of operations and the market value of our ADSs, as a result of the overall effects of the weakening of the Argentine economy.

From time to time, the Central Bank may intervene in the foreign exchange market in order to maintain the currency exchange rate. Additional volatility, appreciations or depreciations of the Peso or reduction of the Central Bank’s reserves as a result of currency intervention could adversely affect the Argentine economy and our ability to service our debt obligations, including the our ADSs.

Government intervention may adversely affect the Argentine economy and, as a result, our business and results of operations

In the recent past, the Fernández de Kirchner administration increased its direct intervention in the economy, including through the implementation of expropriation and nationalization measures, price controls and exchange controls.

Notwithstanding the measures recently adopted by the Macri administration and its planned liberalization of the economy, we cannot assure you that measures that may be adopted by the current or any future Argentine Government, such as expropriation, nationalization, forced renegotiation or modification of existing contracts, new taxation policies, changes in laws, regulations and policies affecting foreign trade and investments will not have a material adverse effect on the Argentine economy and, as a consequence, adversely affect our financial condition, our results of operations or cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

The implementation in the future of new exchange controls and restrictions on capital inflows and outflows could limit the availability of international credit and could threaten the financial system, adversely affecting the Argentine economy and, as a result, our business

Starting in December 2001, the Argentine Government imposed a number of monetary and foreign exchange control measures in an attempt to prevent capital flight and a further depreciation of the Peso. These measures included restrictions on the free disposition of funds deposited with banks, the exchange of Argentine currency into foreign currencies and the transfer of funds abroad without prior approval by the Central Bank, and were implemented in circumstances where a serious imbalance developed in Argentina’s balance of payments.

Although several of such exchange controls and transfer restrictions were subsequently suspended or terminated, in June 2015 the Argentine Government issued a decree that established new controls on capital flows, which resulted in a decrease in the availability of international credit for Argentine companies. Through a combination of foreign exchange and tax regulations from 2011 until President Macri assumed office in December 2015, the Fernández de Kirchner administration significantly curtailed access to the foreign exchange market by individuals and private-sector entities. In response, an unofficial U.S. Dollar trading market was developed in which the Peso-U.S. Dollar exchange rate in such market differed substantially from the official Peso-U.S. Dollar exchange rate. See “Item 3. Key Information—Exchange Rates” and “Item 10—Exchange Controls.”

As of the date of this annual report, the Macri administration has eliminated all foreign exchange restrictions that developed under the Fernández de Kirchner administration.

In addition, the level of international reserves deposited with the Central Bank significantly decreased from U.S.$ 47.4 billion as of November 1, 2011 to U.S.$25.6 billion as of December 31, 2015, resulting in a reduced ability of the Argentine Government to intervene in the foreign exchange market and to provide access to such markets to private sector entities like us. The Macri administration has aimed at increasing the level of international reserves deposited with the Central Bank through the adoption of different measures. As a result of the measures adopted, the Central Bank’s international reserves increased to over U.S.$ 55.1 billion as of December 31, 2017.

Notwithstanding the measures recently adopted by the Macri administration, in the future the Argentine Central Bank and Argentine Government could re-introduce exchange controls, impose restrictions on transfers abroad, restrictions on the movement of capital or take other measures in response to capital flight or a significant depreciation of the Argentine Peso, which could limit our ability to access the international capital markets. Such measures could lead to political and social tensions and undermine the Argentine Government’s public finances, as has occurred in the past, which could have an adverse effect on economic activity in Argentina and, consequently, adversely affect our business and results of operations and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline. As of the date of this annual report, however, the transfer of funds abroad to pay dividends is permitted to the extent such dividend payments are made in connection with audited financial statements approved by a shareholders’ meeting of the Company.

The Argentine economy remains vulnerable to external shocks that could be caused by significant economic difficulties of Argentina’s major regional trading partners, particularly Brazil, or by more general “contagion” effects. Such external shocks and “contagion” effects could have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s economic growth, and consequently, our results of operations and financial condition.

Weak, flat or negative economic growth of any of Argentina’s major trading partners such as Brazil could adversely affect Argentina’s economic growth. Argentina’s economy is vulnerable to external shocks. For example, economic slowdowns, especially in Argentina’s major trading partners, led to declines in Argentine exports in the last few years. Specifically, fluctuations in the price of the commodities sold by Argentina and a significant revaluation of the peso against the U.S. dollar could harm Argentina’s competitiveness and affect its exports. In addition, international investors’ reactions to events occurring in one market sometimes demonstrate a “contagion” effect in which an entire region or class of investment is disfavored by international investors.

The economy in Brazil, one of the main import and export markets for Argentina, experienced rising negative pressure because of political uncertainty, including the removal from office of the President Dilma Rousseff and the fallout from the continuing investigation into the Lava Jato corruption scandal. After two years of retreat, in 2017 the Brazilian economy grew by 1%. Additionally, during 2017 the country continued to suffer a political and institutional crisis that included new requests for impeachment of President Temer and general strikes against the reforms imposed by the government. Argentine foreign trade is highly dependent on the Brazilian economy; thus a poor performance of Brazil’s economy could lead to the deterioration of Argentina’s trade balance. Additional Brazilian political and economic crises could negatively affect Argentine economy.

Financial and securities markets in Argentina are also influenced by economic and market conditions in other markets worldwide. U.S. monetary policy has significant effects on capital inflows and asset price movements in emerging market economies. Increases in U.S. interest rates result in the appreciation of the U.S. dollar and decreases in prices for raw materials, which can adversely affect commodity-dependent emerging economies.

Additionally, a slowing of China’s GDP growth has led to a reduction in exports to this Asian country, which in turn has caused oversupply and price declines in certain commodities. Decreases in exports have a material adverse effect on Argentina’s public finances due to a loss of tax on exports, causing an imbalance in the country’s exchange market.

On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom voted in favor of exiting the European Union. On March 29, 2017, UK Prime Minister Theresa May triggered the Brexit process. As of the date of this Annual Report, the actions that the United Kingdom will take to effectively exit from the European Union or the length of such process are uncertain. The results of the United Kingdom’s referendum and the initiation of the Brexit process have caused, and are anticipated to continue to cause, volatility in the financial markets, which may in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The United Kingdom’s general election on June 8, 2017 left the conservative party without a majority, increasing the uncertainty surrounding the Brexit and the chance to reach a deal with the European Union by 2019.

On November 8, 2016, Donald J. Trump was elected President of the United States and he took office in January 2017. President Trump has evidenced an inclination to consider greater restrictions on free trade and immigration. Changes in social, political, regulatory and economic conditions in the United States or in laws and policies governing foreign trade could create uncertainty in the international markets and could have a negative impact on emerging market economies, including the Argentine economy, which in turn could have a negative impact on our operations. In addition, on February 5, 2018, Jerome H. Powell took the oath of office as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, succeeding Janet L. Yellen. Mr. Powell has expressed its intention to continue with the policy of the Federal Reserve System to gradually raise interest rates as the economic conditions in the U.S. improve and adjust the strategy depending on how the economy performs. If the U.S. economy continues to be perceived as gaining momentum, the recent U.S. tax overhaul by the Trump administration, which slashed the corporate income tax rate and cut personal income tax rates, could cause an economy that may be nearing full capacity and prompt the Federal Reserve System to become more aggressive than anticipated in its course of interest rate hikes. The Trump administration recently issued tariffs on certain products altering the international trade environment, which combined with the increase in the U.S. reference interest rates has created additional volatility in the U.S. and the international markets.

On October 27, 2017, the regional government of Catalonia declared independence from Spain. In response to this declaration, the Spanish national government rejected the declaration and intervened, dissolving the regional parliament and convening new elections to elect new regional authorities. These conflicts in the European Union in general, and in Spain in particular, may have political, regulatory and economic implications on the international markets.

Although economic conditions vary from country to country, investors’ perceptions of events occurring in other countries have in the past substantially affected, and may continue to substantially affect, capital flows into and investments in securities from issuers in other countries, including Argentina. International investors’ reactions to events occurring in one market sometimes demonstrate a “contagion” effect in which an entire region or class of investment is disfavored by international investors. Argentina could be adversely affected by negative economic or financial developments in other countries, which in turn may have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Certain economic policies of the former government administration in Argentina, including the relationship with the IMF and the foreign exchange restrictions, led in the past to a reduction in exports and foreign direct investments, to a decline in national tax revenues and to the inability to access international capital markets. There can be no assurance that the Argentine financial system and securities markets will not be adversely affected by policies that may be adopted by the government in the future or by events in the economies of developed countries or in other emerging markets.

Argentina could be adversely affected by negative economic or financial developments in other emerging and developed countries, which in turn may have material adverse effect on the Argentine economy and, indirectly, on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares.

Application of certain laws and regulations is uncertain and could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition

Law No. 26,854, which regulates injunctions in cases in which the Argentine Government is a party or has intervened, was promulgated on April 30, 2013 as part of a judicial reform bill approved by the Argentine Congress. Among the principal changes implemented pursuant to the judicial reform bill is a time limitation on injunctions imposed in proceedings brought against the Argentine Government and the creation of three new chambers of Casación, each of which must hear an appeal before the matter is considered by the Supreme Court of Justice of Argentina. In addition, Law No. 26,855, which became effective on May 27, 2013, modified the structure and functions of the Argentine Consejo de la Magistratura (judicial council), which has the authority to appoint judges, present charges against them and suspend or remove them. As of the date of this annual report, several aspects of this legislation have been struck down as unconstitutional by the Argentine Supreme Court.

On August 7, 2014, Law No. 26,944 on State Responsibility was enacted to regulate Government actions. Said law governs the responsibility of the Argentine Government regarding the damages that its activity or inactivity may cause to individuals’ properties or rights. Such law establishes that the Argentine Government’s responsibility is objective and direct, that the provisions of the civil and commercial codes are not applicable to the actions of the Argentine Government in a direct nor subsidiary manner and that dissuasive financial penalties may be imposed on the Argentine Government, its agents or officers.

On September 18, 2014, the Argentine Congress enacted Law No. 26,991 amending Law No. 20,680 (the “Supply Law”), which became effective on September 28, 2014, to increase control over the supply of goods and provision of services. Such initiative includes the ability of the Argentine Government to regulate consumer rights under Article 42 of the Constitution and permits the creation of an authority to maintain the prices of goods and services (the “Observer of Prices of Goods and Services”). The Supply Law, as amended: (i) requires the continued production of goods to meet basic requirements; (ii) creates an obligation to publish prices of goods and services produced and borrowed; (iii) allows financial information to be requested and seized; and (iv) increases fines for judicial and fiscal persons. The reforms and creation of the Observer of Prices of Goods and Services could adversely affect our operations. An initiative to regulate questions of consumer rights was also approved, creating the Conciliación Previa en las Relaciones de Consumo (Prior Conciliatory Procedures For Consumer Relations, or the “COPREC”), where users and consumers may present claims free of charge and have them resolved within 30 days.

The Supply Law applies to all economic processes linked to goods, facilities and services which, either directly or indirectly, satisfy basic consumer needs (“Basic Needs Goods”) and grants a broad range of powers to its enforcing agency. It also grants the enforcing agency the power to order the sale, production, distribution or delivery of Basic Needs Goods throughout the country in case of a shortage of supply.

On October 1, 2014, the Argentine Congress approved the reform, update and unification of the National Civil and Commercial codes. A single new National Civil and Commercial Code became effective on August 1, 2015. In addition, more recently Argentina Congress has passed certain laws such as those reforming the pension system and establishing corporate criminal liability for certain corrupt practices and a tax law reform, for more information see “Item 2. Key Information–Risk Factors–Risks relating to Argentina-The impact of congressional and presidential elections on the future economic and political environment of Argentina remains uncertain, but likely to be material.”

The long-term impact of recently adopted legislation on Argentina’s legal system and future administrative or judicial proceedings, including potential future claims by us against the Argentine Government, cannot be predicted.

Risks Relating to the Electricity Distribution Sector

The Argentine Government has intervened in the electricity sector in the past, and may to continue intervening

Historically, the Argentine Government has exerted a significant influence on the economy, including the energy sector, and companies such as us that operate in such sector have done so in a highly regulated context that aims mainly at guaranteeing the supply of domestic demand.

To address the Argentine economic crisis in 2001 and 2002, the Argentine Government adopted the Public Emergency Law and other regulations, which made a number of material changes to the regulatory framework applicable to the electricity sector. These changes severely affected electricity generation, distribution and transmission companies and included the freezing of distribution nominal margins, the revocation of adjustment and inflation indexation mechanisms for tariffs, a limitation on the ability of electricity distribution companies to pass on to the customer increases in costs due to regulatory charges and the introduction of a new price-setting mechanism in the wholesale electricity market (the “WEM”) which had a significant impact on electricity generators and generated substantial price differences within the market. From time to time, the Argentine Government has continued to intervene in this sector by, for example, granting temporary nominal margin increases, proposing a new social tariff regime for residents of poverty-stricken areas, removing discretionary subsidies, creating specific charges to raise funds that were transferred to Government-managed trust funds that finance investments in generation and distribution infrastructure and mandating investments for the construction of new generation plants and the expansion of existing transmission and distribution networks.

On December 17, 2015, the Argentine Government issued Decree No. 134/15 declaring the emergency of the national electricity sector which was in effect until December 31, 2017, and instructing the ME&M to adopt any measure the ME&M deemed necessary regarding the generation, transmission and distribution segments, to adjust the quality, and guarantee the provision of, electricity. The emergency declaration expired and was not renewed.

As of the date of this annual report, the Argentine Government, through the relevant agency enacted several resolutions to impose the penalties regime of the services and adjusting the tariffs. On February 1, 2017, the RTI process was completed and a new tariff scheme for the following five-year period was enacted.

Notwithstanding the recent measures adopted, we cannot assure you that certain other regulations or measures that may be adopted by the Argentine Government will not have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations or on the market value of our shares and ADSs or that the Argentine Government will not adopt emergency legislation similar to the Public Emergency Law or other similar regulations in the future that may increase our obligations, including increased taxes, unfavorable alterations to our tariff structures and other regulatory obligations, compliance with which would increase our costs and may have a direct negative impact on our results of operations and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Our Business Overview—Edenor Concession.”

There is uncertainty as to what other measures the Argentine Government may adopt in connection with tariffs on public services and their impact on the Argentine economy.

Electricity distributors were severely affected by the emergency measures adopted during the economic crisis, many of which remain in effect

Distribution tariffs include a regulated margin that is intended to cover the costs of distribution and provide an adequate return over the distributor’s asset base. Under the Convertibility Regime, distribution tariffs were calculated in U.S. Dollars and distribution margins were adjusted periodically to reflect variations in U.S. inflation indexes. Pursuant to the Public Emergency Law, in January 2002 the Argentine Government froze all distribution margins, revoked all margin adjustment provisions in distribution concession agreements and converted distribution tariffs into Pesos at a rate of Ps. 1.00 per U.S.$ 1.00. These measures, coupled with the effect of high inflation and the devaluation of the Peso, led to a decline in distribution revenues and an increase of distribution costs in real terms, which could no longer be passed on to users through adjustments to the distribution margin. This situation, in turn, led many public utility companies, including us and other important distribution companies, to suspend payments on their commecial debt (which continued to be denominated in U.S. Dollars despite the pesification of revenues), effectively preventing these companies from obtaining further financing in the domestic or international credit markets and making additional investments.

In recent years, the Argentine Government granted temporary and partial reliefs to some distribution companies, including limited increases in distribution margins, temporary cost adjustment mechanism which was not fully implemented and the ability to apply certain additional charges to customers.

On February 1, 2017, the RTI process wascompleted. Through Resolution No. 63/17 (then amended by ENRE Resolutions No. 82/17 and No. 92/17), the ENRE approved a rate of return for us of 12.46% before taxes. The resulting income was determined by applying the Net Replacement Value (“NRV”) methodology, over a slightly lower base capital than the one we had submitted in our proposal, reaching an amount of Ps. 34 billion. The difference with our proposal is mainly explained by the fact that the ENRE excluded the fully depreciated assets from the regulatory net asset base. Moreover, the ENRE stated that our acknowledged remuneration as of December 2015 was Ps. 12.5 billion, which adjusted to February 2017 reached to Ps. 17.2 billion. The ENRE also established a non-automatic mechanism to adjust our tariffs, as it had done within the original Concession Contract and the Adjustment Agreement, in order to preserve the economic and financial sustainability of the concession in the event of price fluctuations in the economy. This mechanism has a biannual basis and includes a combined formula of wholesale and consumer price indexes (WPI, CPI and salaries increases) which trigger the adjustment of tariffs when the result is above 5%.

Edenor filed an administrative appeal (recurso de reconsideración) against ENRE´s Resolution No. 63/17. On October 25, 2017, the ENRE -through Resolution No. 524/17- rejected the appealed filed by Edenor.

On January 31, 2018, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 33/18 wich approved the new distribution cost for Edenor to be applied as from February 1, 2018 and the new tariff scheme.

Furthermore, such resolution approved the new CPD adjustments (last stage of 17% according to Resolution. No 63/17, including the inflation adjustment of 11.9% for the period July 2017- December 2017 and the stimulus factor “E” of negative 2.51%) and determined the deferred income to be recovered in 48 instalments for a total amount of Ps. 6,343.4 million. Additionally, it reported that the price of the average tariff reached 2.4627 Ps./ KWh.

However, we cannot guarantee you that these measures will be sufficient to address the structural problems created for us by the economic crisis and its aftermath. Our inability to cover the costs of distribution or to receive an adequate return on our asset base may further adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Electricity demand may be affected by tariff increases, which could lead distribution companies, such as us, to record lower revenues

From 2012 through 2017, electricity demand in Argentina increased 5.7%, which reflects the relative low cost, in real terms, of electricity to customers due to the freezing of distribution margins, the establishment of subsidies in the purchase price of energy and the elimination of the inflation adjustment provisions in distribution concessions, coupled with the devaluation of the Peso and inflation.

Although increases in electricity transmission and distribution margins, and the elimination of subsidies, which increased the cost of electricity to end users, have not had a significant negative effect on demand in the past, we cannot make any assurance that recent increases or any future increases in the cost of electricity will not have a material adverse effect on electricity demand or result in a decline in collections from customers. In this respect, we cannot assure you that these measures or any future measure will not lead electricity companies, like us, to record lower revenues and results of operations, which may, in turn, have a material adverse effect on the market value of our ADSs.

If we experience continued energy shortages in the face of growing demand for electricity, our ability to deliver electricity to our customers could be adversely affected, which could result in customer claims, material penalties, Government intervention and decreased results of operations

In recent years, the condition of the Argentine electricity market has provided little incentive to generators and distributors to further invest in increasing their generation and distribution capacity, respectively, which would require material long-term financial commitments. Although there were several investments in generation during 2017, which would increase the installed capacity power in the coming years, the highest density of investments was concentrated in the GBA area. It is still necessary to make several investments on the Transmission and Distribution system to guarantee the delivery of this electricity to the customer and reduce the frequency of interruptions. During December 2013, an increase in demand for electricity resulted in energy shortages and blackouts in Buenos Aires and other cities around Argentina. Under Argentine law, distribution companies, such as us, are responsible to their customers for any disruption in the supply of electricity. As a result, we could face customer claims and fines and penalties for service disruptions caused by energy shortages unless the relevant Argentine authorities determine that energy shortages constitute force majeure. Additionally, disruptions in the supply of electricity could expose us to intervention by the Argentine Government, which warned of such possibility during the blackouts of December 2013. Such claims, fines, penalties or Government intervention could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline. See also “—A potential nationalization or expropriation of 51% of our capital stock, represented by the Class A shares, may limit the capacity of the Class B common shares to participate in the board of directors.”

Risks Relating to Our Business

Failure or delay to negotiate further improvements to our tariff structure, including increases in our distribution margin, and/or to have our tariffs adjusted to reflect increases in our distribution costs in a timely manner or at all, has affected our capacity to perform our commercial obligations and could also have a material adverse effect on our ability to perform our financial obligations.

Since the execution of the agreement entered into with the Argentine Government in February 2006 relating to the adjustment and renegotiation of the terms of our concession (the “Adjustment Agreement”) and as required by them, we have been engaged in an RTI with the ENRE.

The Adjustment Agreement contemplated a cost adjustment mechanism for the transitional period during which the RTI process was being conducted. This mechanism, known as the Cost Monitoring Mechanism (“CMM”), required the ENRE to review our actual distribution costs every six months (in May and November of each year) and adjust our distribution margins to reflect variations of 5% or more in our distribution cost base. We could also request that the ENRE apply the CMM at any time that the variation in our distribution cost base was at least 10% or more. Any adjustments, however, were subject to the ENRE’s assessment of variations in our costs, and the ENRE’s approval of adjustments were not sufficient to cover our actual incremental costs in a timely manner. In the past, even when the ENRE approved adjustments to our tariffs, there was a lag between the time when we actually experienced increases in our distribution costs and the time when we received increased income following the corresponding adjustments to our distribution margins pursuant to the CMM.

As a result of the foregoing, during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2012 and 2011, we recorded a negative operating results and net results, and thus our working capital and liquidity levels were negatively affected (even in 2013), primarily as a result of the delay in obtaining a tariff increase and in having our tariff adjusted to reflect increases in our distribution costs, coupled with a constant increase in operating costs to maintain adequate service levels all of which has affected our capacity to perform our commercial obligations. In this context and in light of the situation that affected the electricity sector, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 347/12 in November 2012, which established the application of fixed and variable charges that have allowed the Company to obtain additional revenue as from November 2012 through 2016. However, changes made by Resolution No. 250/13 and Notes No. 6,852/13, No. 4,012/14, No. 486/14 and No. 1,136/14 of the SE and additional revenue obtained through Resolution No. 347/12 were insufficient to make up for our operating deficit in 2014, due to the constant increase in operating costs.

In March 2015, Resolution No. 32/15 of the former SE granted us a temporary increase in income through funds provided by CAMMESA, applicable retroactively as from February 1, 2015 through February 1, 2016, to cover costs and investments associated with the regular provision of the public service of distribution of energy on account of the future RTI.

In January 2016, the ME&M issued Resolution No. 7/16, pursuant to which the ENRE implemented a VAD adjustment to the tariff schedule on account of the future RTI in effect as of February 1, 2016.

In addition, such resolution: (i) abrogated the PUREE; (ii) repealed Resolution No. 32/15 as from the date the ENRE resolution implementing the new tariff schedule becomes effective; (iii) discontinued the application of mechanisms that imply the transfer of funds from CAMMESA in the form of loan agreements with CAMMESA; (iv) ordered the implementation of the actions required to terminate the trusts created pursuant to Resolution No. 347/12 of the ENRE and (v) prohibited the distribution of dividends in accordance with Section 7.04 of the Adjustment Agreement.

Pursuant to Resolution No. 7/16, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 1/16 establishing a new tariff structure, which remained in force (with certain suspensions as a result of injunctions, which are no longer in effect) until February 2017, when the RTI process was completed. See “Risk Factors— Risks Relating to Our Business—Failure or delay to negotiate further improvements to our tariff structure, including increases in our distribution margin, and/or to have our tariffs adjusted to reflect increases in our distribution costs in a timely manner or at all, has affected our capacity to perform our commercial obligations and could also have a material adverse effect on our capacity to perform our financial obligations.”

Prior to the completion of the RTI process, several regulatory mechanisms, programs or changes were implemented from time to time by the ENRE to adjust Edenor’s tariffs to reflect increased costs. Any requested adjustments were usually subject to the ENRE’s assessment of variations in Edenor’s costs, and not sufficient to cover Edenor’s actual incremental costs in a timely manner. Even when the ENRE approved adjustments to Edenor’s tariffs, there was a lag between the time when Edenor actually experienced increases in the distribution costs and the time when Edenor received increased income following the corresponding adjustments to its distribution margins

On April 1, 2016, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 55/16, which approved the program for the review of the distribution tariff scheme, establishing the criteria and methodologies for completing the RTI process.

On September 5, 2016, by means of Resolution No. 55/16, we submitted our rate schedule proposal for the following five-year period. On October 28, 2016, a public hearing was held to provide information and listen to the public opinion on the RTI.

The RTI was completed on February 1, 2017, on which date the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/2017, through which it approved a new tariff scheme that established our new distribution added value (VAD) for the following five-year period. For more information, see “Item 5—Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Integral Tariff Revision”. On January 31, 2018, the ENRE issued Resolution Nº 33/18 approving the new distribution cost for Edenor to be applied as for February 1, 2018 and the new tariff scheme applicable to Edenor.

However, if we are not able to recover all future cost increases and have them reflected in our tariffs, and/or if there is a significant lag of time between when we incur the incremental costs and when we receive increased income we may be unable to comply with our financial obligations, we may suffer liquidity shortfalls and we may need to restructure our debt to ease our financial condition, any of which, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations and may cause the value of our ADSs to decline.

Our distribution tariffs may be subject to challenges by Argentine consumer and other groups

In the recent years, our tariffs have been challenged by Argentine consumer associations, such as the action brought against us in December 2009, by an Argentine consumer association (Unión de Usuarios y Consumidores) seeking to annul certain retroactive tariff increases, which was ultimately dismissed, on October 1, 2013, by the Argentine Supreme Court of Justice.

In May 2016, we were notified by several courts of the Province of Buenos Aires of certain injunctions granted to individual and collective customers against Resolution No. 6/16 and Resolution No. 1/16 issued by the ENRE (which authorized our new tariff schedule as from February 2016). Consequently, the then applicable tariff schedule, which included the WEM prices established by Resolution No. 6/16, were not applied during certain periods in 2016 (i) to the entire concession area as a result of the injunctions issued in the “Abarca” case and (ii) to the districts of “Pilar” and “La Matanza”, where provisional remedies remained in effect until October 24 and November 11, 2016, respectively, when they expired. Therefore, as of those dates, no provisional remedy has been in effect and tariff increases have been applied to all customers. If any future legal challenge were successful and prevented us from implementing any tariff adjustments granted by the Argentine Government, we could face a decline in collections from our customers, and a decline in our results of operations, which could have a material adverse effect in our financial condition and the market value of our ADSs.

We have been, and may continue to be, subject to fines and penalties that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations

We operate in a highly regulated environment and have been, and in the future may continue to be, subject to significant fines and penalties by regulatory authorities, including for reasons outside our control, such as service disruptions attributable to problems at generation facilities or in the transmission network that result in a lack of electricity supply. Since 2001, the amount of fines and penalties imposed on our company has increased significantly. As of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, our accrued fines and penalties totaled Ps.4,174.0 million, Ps. 3,533.5 million and Ps. 1,066.8 million, respectively (taking into account adjustments made to fines and penalties following the ratification of the Adjustment Agreement and recent regulation). See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Our Business Overview—Fines and Penalties.”

On October 19, 2016, by means of Note No. 123,091 the ENRE established the average rate values (Ps./KWh) to be applied as from December 2012, for the penalties payable to the Argentine Government. In accordance with the terms of the Concession Agreement, such values should correspond to the average sale price of energy charged to customers. Since the amounts set forth in the Note were not consistent with such principle, on November 1, 2016, the Company submitted a claim to the ENRE requesting the rectification of the amounts informed as they were considered incorrect.As of the date of this annual report, Edenor had received the response from the ENRE (Note No. 129,061).

On February 1, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17, through which it approved new parameters related to the quality standards, with the purpose of achieving by the end of the 2017-2021 period an acceptable quality level. In this regard, the ENRE established a penalty regime to be applied in the event of non-compliance with the requisite quality rates.

On March 29, 2017, through Note No. 125,248 the ENRE established a new methodology for the calculation of fines and penalties, determining that they must be valued according to the KWh values in effect as of the first day of the semester during which the event giving rise to the penalty occurred or the KWh values in effect as of the day of the occurrence of the event in the case of penalties arising from specific events.

In addition, fines and penalties, accrued and not imposed during the Transition Period of the Adjustment Agreement must be updated using the CPI that the Argentine Central Bank uses to elaborate the Multilateral Real Exchange Rate Index (“TCRM”), corresponding to the month prior to the semester during which the event giving rise to the penalty occurred or the month prior to that on which the specific penalty event occurred, till the previous month of the day on which the penalty was imposed. Those fines and penalties accrued and imposed since the date of issuance of the Note No. 120,151 through the completion of the RTI on February 1, 2017 (i.e., the period between April 2016 and February 2017) must also be updated using the CPI.

Furthermore, we cannot assure that we will have the ability to comply with the new quality standards set forth by Resolution No. 63/2017. In the case of penalties which had been imposed but are still unpaid, the 30-day interest rate of theBanco Nación corresponding to commercial discounts applies, as from the day when the penalty was imposed through the date of payment.

Despite the issuance of Resolution No. 63/2017,the treatment to be given to the penalties and reductions is still pending settlement.

We may incur significant fines in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, our results of operations and the market value of our ADSs. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Our Business Overview—Fines and Penalties” and “Item 4. Information on the Company—Our Business Overview—Quality Standards”

If we are unable to control our energy losses, our results of operations could be adversely affected

Our concession does not allow us to pass through to our customers the cost of additional energy purchased to cover any energy losses that exceed the loss factor contemplated by our concession, which is, on average, 10%. As a result, if we experience energy losses in excess of those contemplated by our concession, we may record lower operating profits than we anticipate. Prior to the 2001 and 2002 economic crisis, we were able to reduce the high level of energy losses experienced at the time of the privatization down to the levels contemplated (and reimbursed) under our concession. However, during the last years, our level of energy losses, particularly our non-technical losses, started to grow again, in part as a result of the increase in poverty levels and, in turn, the number of delinquent accounts and fraud. Although we continue to make investments to reduce energy losses, these losses continue to exceed the average 10% loss factor contemplated by the concession and, based on the current tariff schedule and economic turmoil, we do not expect these losses to decrease in the near term. Our energy losses amounted to17.1% in 2017, 17.0% in 2016 and 14.9% in 2015. We cannot assure you that our energy losses will not continue to increase in future periods, which may lead us to have lower margins and could adversely affect our financial condition, our results of operations and the market value of our ADSs.

The Argentine Government could foreclose on the pledge of our Class A common shares under certain circumstances, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition

Pursuant to our concession and the provisions of the Adjustment Agreement, the Argentine Government has the right to foreclose on the pledge of our Class A common shares and sell these shares to a third party buyer if:

· the fines and penalties incurred in any given year exceed 20% of our gross energy sales, net of taxes (which corresponds to our energy sales);

· we repeatedly and materially breach the terms of our concession and do not remedy these breaches upon the request of the ENRE;

· Electricidad Argentina S.A. ("EASA") (being merged into CTLL, wich is being merged into Pampa Energía S.A., our controlling shareholder, EASA, creates any lien or encumbrance over our Class A common shares (other than the existing pledge in favor of the Argentine Government);

· we or EASA obstruct the sale of Class A common shares at the end of any management period under our concession;

· EASA fails to obtain the ENRE’s approval in connection with the disposition of our Class A common shares;

· our shareholders amend our articles of incorporation or voting rights in a way that modifies the voting rights of the Class A common shares without the ENRE’s approval; or

· we, or any existing shareholders or former shareholders of EASA who have brought a claim against the Argentine Government in the ICSID do not desist from such ICSID claims following completion of the RTI and the approval of a new tariff regime.

On February 1, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17 establishing the new tariff scheme resulting from the completion of the RTI process, for the following five-year period. In accordance with the provisions of the Adjustment Agreement, EASA and EDFI withdrew their ICSID claim, and on March 28, 2017, the ICSID acknowledged the discontinuance of the procedure.

If the Argentine Government were to foreclose on the pledge of our Class A common shares, pending the sale of those shares, the Argentine Government would also have the right to exercise the voting rights associated with such shares. In addition, the potential foreclosure by the Argentine Government on the pledge of our Class A common shares could be deemed to constitute a change of control under the terms of our Senior Notes due 2022. See “—We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to finance a change of control offer as required by the Senior Notes due 2022.” If the Argentine Government forecloses on the pledge of our Class A common shares, our results of operations and financial condition could be significantly affected and the market value of our ADSs could also be affected.

In 2017, our fines and penalties remained below the 20% of our gross energy sales. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Our Concession—Fines and Penalties.”

Default by the Argentine Government could lead to termination of our concession, and have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition

If the Argentine Government breaches its obligations in such a way that we cannot comply with our obligations under our concession agreement or in such a way that our service is materially affected, we may request the termination of our concession, after giving the Argentine Government a 90 days’ prior notice, in writing. Upon termination of our concession, all our assets used to provide the electricity distribution service would be transferred to a new state-owned company to be created by the Argentine Government, whose shares would be sold in an international public bidding procedure. The amount obtained in such bidding would be paid to us, net of the payment of any debt owed by us to the Argentine Government, plus an additional compensation established as a percentage of the bidding price, ranging from 10% to 30%, depending on the management period in which the sale occurs. Any such default could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

We may be unable to import certain equipment to meet the growing demand for electricity, which could lead to a breach of our concession contract and could have a material adverse effect on the operations and financial position of the Company

Certain restrictions on imports that may be adopted in the future by the Argentine Government could limit or delay our ability to purchase capital goods that are necessary for our operations (including carrying out specific projects). Under our concession, we are obligated to satisfy all of the demand for electricity originated in our concession area, maintaining at all times certain service quality standards that have been established for our concession. If we are not able to purchase significant capital goods to satisfy all of the demand or suffer unexpected delays in the import process, we could face fines and penalties which may, in turn, adversely affect our activity, financial position and results of operations and/or the market value of your ADSs.

We employ a largely unionized labor force and could be subject to an organized labor action, including work stoppages that could have a material effect on our business

As of December 31, 2017, approximately 86% of Edenor employees were union members. Although our relations with unions are currently stable and we have had an agreement in place with the two unions representing our employees since 1995, we cannot assure you that we will not experience work disruptions or stoppages in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and revenues. We cannot assure you that we will be able to negotiate salary agreements or labor conditions on the same terms as those currently in effect, or that we will not be subject to strikes or work stoppages before or during the negotiation process. If we are unable to negotiate salary agreements or if we are subject to demonstrations or work stoppages, our results of operations, financial conditions and the market value of our ADSs could be materially adversely affected.

We could incur material labor liabilities in connection with our outsourcing that could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations

We outsource a number of activities related to our business to third-party contractors in order to maintain a flexible cost base. As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately 5,477 third-party employees under contract. Although we have very strict policies regarding compliance with labor and social security obligations by our contractors, we are not in a position to ensure that contractors will not initiate legal actions to seek indemnification from us based upon a number of judicial rulings issued by labor courts in Argentina which have recognized joint and several liabilities between a contractor and the entity to which it is supplying services under certain circumstances. We cannot make any assurances that such proceedings will not be brought against us or that the outcome of such proceedings would be favorable to us. If we were to incur material labor liabilities in connection with our outsourcing, such liability could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, our results of operations and the market value of our ADSs.

Our performance is largely dependent on recruiting and retaining key personnel

Our current and future performance and the operation of our business are dependent upon the contributions of our senior management and our skilled team of engineers and other specialized employees. We depend on our ability to attract, train, motivate and retain key management and specialized personnel with the necessary skills and experience. There is no guarantee that we will be successful in retaining and attracting key personnel and the replacement of any key personnel who were to leave could be difficult and time consuming. The loss of the experience and services of key personnel or the inability to recruit suitable replacements and additional staff could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are currently not able to effectively hedge our currency risk in full and, as a result, increased devaluation of the Peso may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition

Our revenues are collected in Pesos pursuant to tariffs that are not indexed to the U.S. Dollar, while all of our existing financial indebtedness is denominated in U.S. Dollars, which exposes us to the risk of loss from increased devaluation of the Peso. We are currently hedging part of this risk by converting a portion of our excess cash denominated in Pesos into U.S. Dollars and investing those funds outside Argentina, as permitted by applicable Central Bank regulations or by entering into currency forward contracts. In 2015, the Peso lost approximately 52% of its value with respect to the U.S. Dollar, including a depreciation of approximately 34% mainly experienced after December 17, 2015 following the announcement of the lifting of a significant portion of exchange restrictions. In 2017 and 2016, the devaluation of the Peso with respect to the U.S. Dollar reached approximately17% and22%, respectively. In each of 2017 and 2016, our hedging contracts did not cover all of our exposure to such depreciation. We cannot assure you that the Argentine Government will maintain current exchange regulations or that we will secure hedging transactions significant to cover all or a part of our exposure on favorable terms. If we continue to be unable to effectively hedge all or a sufficient portion of our currency risk exposure, a further devaluation of the Peso may significantly increase our debt service burden, which, in turn, may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are involved in various legal proceedings which could result in unfavorable decisions and financial penalties for us

We are party to a number of legal proceedings, some of which have been pending for several years. We cannot be certain that these claims will be resolved in our favor, and responding to the demands of litigation may divert our management’s time and attention and our financial resources. See “Item 8. Legal Proceedings.”

In the event of an accident or other event not covered by our insurance, we could face significant losses that could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations

As of December 31, 2017, our physical assets were insured for up to U.S.$ 1,516.8 million. However, we do not carry insurance coverage for losses caused by our network or business interruption, including for loss of our concession. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Our Business—Insurance.” Although we believe our insurance coverage is commensurate with standards for the distribution industry, no assurance can be given of the existence or sufficiency of risk coverage for any particular risk or loss. If an accident or other event occurs that is not covered by our current insurance policies, we may experience material losses or have to disburse significant amounts from our own funds, which may have a material adverse effect on our net profits and our overall financial condition and on the market value of our ADSs.

A substantial number of our assets are not subject to attachment or foreclosure and the enforcement of judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may be substantially limited

A substantial number of our assets are essential to the public service we provide. Under Argentine law, as interpreted by the Argentine courts, assets which are essential to the provision of a public service are not subject to attachment or foreclosure, whether as a guarantee for an ongoing legal action or in aid of enforcement of a court judgment. Accordingly, the enforcement of judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may be substantially limited to the extent our shareholders seek to attach those assets to obtain payment on their judgment.

The loss of exclusivity to distribute electricity in our service area may be adversely affected by technological or other changes in the energy distribution industry, which would have a material adverse effect on our business

Although our concession grants us the exclusive right to distribute electricity within our service area, this exclusivity may be revoked in whole or in part if technological developments would make it possible for the energy distribution industry to evolve from its present condition as a natural monopoly into a competitive business. In no case does the complete or partial revocation of our exclusive distribution rights entitle us to claim or to obtain reimbursement or indemnity. Although, to our knowledge, there are no current projects to introduce new technologies in the medium- or long-term which might reasonably modify the composition of the electricity distribution business, we cannot assure you that future developments will not enable competition in our industry that would adversely affect the exclusivity right granted by our concession. Any total or partial loss of our exclusive right to distribute electricity within our service area would likely lead to increased competition and result in lower revenues, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, our results of operations and the market value of our ADSs.

A potential nationalization or expropriation of 51% of our capital stock, represented by the Class A shares, may limit the capacity of the Class B common shares to participate in the board of directors

As of the date of this annual report, the ANSES owns shares representing 26.8% of our capital stock and appointed five Class B directors in our last shareholders’ meeting. The rest of our directors were appointed by the Class A shares.

If the Argentine Government were to expropriate 51% of our capital stock, represented by our Class A shares, the Argentine Government would be the sole holder of the Class A shares and the ANSES would hold the majority of the Class B shares. Certain strategic transactions require the approval of the holders of the Class A shares. Consequently, the Argentine Government and the ANSES would be able to determine substantially all matters requiring approval by a majority of our shareholders, including the election of a majority of our directors, and would be able to direct our operations.

If the Argentine Government nationalizes or expropriates 51% of our capital stock, represented by our Class A shares, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected and this could cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to repay our commercial debt with CAMMESA, our major supplier

As of December 31, 2017, we owed approximately Ps. 4,719.9 million to CAMMESA, (including interest).This commercial debt is due and unpaid and we have not secured any waivers from CAMMESA. If CAMMESA requested that we repay such debt in a single payment, we may be unable to raise the funds necessary to repay it and, consequently, we could be exposed to a cash attachment, which could in turn result in our filing for a voluntary reorganization proceeding (“concurso preventivo”), which could cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline (see “—Risks related to Our Business—All of our outstanding financial indebtedness contains bankruptcy, reorganization proceedings and expropriation events of default, and we may be required to repay all of our outstanding debt upon the occurrence of any such events”).

Downgrades in our credit ratings could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A material downgrade of our credit ratings may have various effects including, but not limited to, the following: we may have to accept less favorable terms in our transactions with counterparties, including capital raising activities, or may be unable to enter into certain transactions; existing agreements or transactions may be cancelled; and we may be required to provide additional collateral in connection with derivatives transactions. Any of these or other effects resulting from a downgrade of our credit ratings could have a negative impact on the profitability of our treasury and other operations, and could adversely affect our regulatory capital position, financial condition and results of operations.

All of our outstanding financial indebtedness contains bankruptcy, reorganization proceedings and expropriation events of default, and we may be required to repay all of our outstanding debt upon the occurrence of any such events

As of the date of this annual report, approximately U.S.$ 171.9 million of our financial debt is represented by the Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Senior Notes due 2022”). Under the indenture for the Senior Notes due 2022, certain expropriation and condemnation events with respect to us may constitute an event of default, which, if declared, could trigger the acceleration of our obligations under the notes and require us to immediately repay all such accelerated debt. In addition, all of our outstanding financial indebtedness contains certain events of default related to bankruptcy and voluntary reorganization proceedings (“concurso preventivo”). If we are not able to comply with certain payment obligations as a result of our current financial situation and if the requirements set forth in the Argentine Bankruptcy Law No. 24,522 are met, any creditor, or even us, could file for our bankruptcy, or we could file for a voluntary reorganization proceeding (“concurso preventivo”). In addition, all of our outstanding financial indebtedness also contains cross-default provisions or cross-acceleration provisions that could cause all of our debt to be accelerated if the debt containing expropriation or bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding events of default goes into default or is accelerated. In such a case, we would expect to actively pursue formal waivers from the corresponding financial creditors to avoid such potential situation, but in case those waivers are not timely obtained and immediate repayment is required, we could face short-term liquidity problems, which could adversely affect our results of operations and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to finance a change of control offer as required by the Senior Notes due 2022

As of the date of this annual report, U.S.$ 171.9 million of our financial debt is represented by the Senior Notes due 2022. Under the indenture for the Senior Notes due 2022, if a change of control occurs, we must offer to repurchase any and all such notes that are outstanding at a purchase price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of such notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon and additional amounts, if any, through the purchase date. We may not have sufficient funds available to us to make the required repurchases of the Senior Notes due 2022 upon a change of control. If we fail to repurchase such notes in circumstances that may constitute an event of default under the indenture, which may in turn trigger cross-default provisions in other of our debt instruments then outstanding, our results of operations could be adversely affected and the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares could decline.

The New York Stock Exchange and/or the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange may suspend trading and/or delist our ADSs and Class B common shares, upon the occurrence of certain events relating to our financial situation

The New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange (“BASE”) may suspend and/or cancel the listing of our ADSs and Class B common shares, respectively, in certain circumstances, including upon the occurrence of certain events relating to our financial situation. For example, the NYSE may decide such suspension or cancellation if our shareholders’ equity becomes negative.

The NYSE may in its sole discretion determine on an individual basis the suitability for continued listing of an issue in the light of all pertinent facts. Some of the factors mentioned in the NYSE Listed Company Manual, which may subject a company to suspension and delisting procedures, include: “unsatisfactory financial conditions and/or operating results”, “inability to meet current debt obligations or to adequately finance operations,” and “any other event or condition which may exist or occur that makes further dealings or listing of the securities on the NYSE inadvisable or unwarranted in the opinion of NYSE.”

The BASE may cancel the listing of our Class B common shares if it determines that our shareholders’ equity and our financial and economic situation do not justify our access to the stock market or if the NYSE cancels the listing of our ADSs.

We cannot assure you that the NYSE and/or BASE will not commence any suspension or delisting procedures in light of our current financial situation, including if our shareholders’ equity becomes negative. A delisting or suspection of trading of our ADSs or Class B common shares by the New York Stock Exchange and/or BASE, respectively, could adversely affect our results of operations and financial conditions and cause the market value of our ADSs and Class B common shares to decline.

Changes in weather conditions or the occurrence of severe weather (whether or not caused by climate change or natural disasters), could adversely affect our operations and financial performance.

Weather conditions may influence the demand for electricity, our ability to provide it and the costs of providing it. In particular, severe weather may adversely affect our results of operations by causing significant demand increases, which we may be unable to meet without a significant increase in operating costs. This could strongly impact the continuity of our services and our quality indicators. For example, the exceptional thunderstorms that occurred in April and December of 2013 and a heat wave that occurred in December of 2013 affected the continuity of our services, both in the low voltage and medium voltage networks. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Quality Standards – Edenor’s Concession”. Furthermore, any such disruptions in the provision of our services could expose us to fines and orders to compensate those customers affected by any such power cuts, as has occurred in the past (see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Quality Standards —Fines and Penalties”). Our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could therefore be negatively affected by changes in weather conditions and severe weather.

Cybersecurity events, such as a cyber-attack could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows

We depend on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of internet-based data processing communication and information exchange platforms and networks, including those systems related to our businesses. Cybersecurity risks have generally increased in recent years as a result of the proliferation of new technologies and the increased sophistication and activities of cyber-attacks. Through part of our grid and other initiatives, we have increasingly connected equipment and systems to the internet. Because of the critical nature of our infrastructure and the increased accessibility enabled through connection to the internet, we may face a heightened risk of cybersecurity incidents such as computer break-ins, phishing, identity theft and other disruptions that could negatively affect the security of information stored in and transmitted through our computer systems and network infrastructure. In the event of a cyber-attack, we could have our business operations disrupted, property damaged and customer information stolen; experience substantial loss of revenues, response costs and other financial loss; and be subject to increased regulation, litigation and damage to our reputation. In addition, while we have not experienced cybersecurity events, contingency plans in place may not be sufficient to cover liabilities associated with any such events and therefore, applicable insurance coverage may be deemed inadequate, preventing us from receiving full compensation for the losses sustained as a result of such a disruption. Although we intend to continue to implement security technology devices and establish operational procedures to prevent disruption resulting from, and counteract the negative effects of cybersecurity incidents within the next three years, it is possible that not all of our current and future systems are or will be entirely free from vulnerability and these security measures will not be successful. Accordingly, cybersecurity is a material risk for us and a cyber-attack could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks relating to ADSs and our Class B common shares

Restrictions on the movement of capital out of Argentina may impair the ability of holders of ADRs to receive dividends and distributions on, and the proceeds of any sale of, the Class B common shares underlying the ADSs.

The Argentine Government may impose restrictions on the conversion of Argentine currency into foreign currencies and on the remittance to foreign investors of proceeds from their investments in Argentina. Argentine law currently permits the government to impose these kinds of restrictions temporarily in circumstances where a serious imbalance develops in Argentina’s balance of payments or where there are reasons to foresee such an imbalance. Beginning in December 2001, the Argentine Government implemented an unexpected number of monetary and foreign exchange control measures that included restrictions on the free disposition of funds deposited with banks and on the transfer of funds abroad, including dividends, without prior approval by the Central Bank, some of which are still in effect. Although the transfer of funds abroad in order to pay dividends no longer requires Central Bank approval to the extent such dividend payments are made in connection with audited financial statements approved by a shareholders’ meeting, future restrictions on the movement of capital to and from Argentina such as those that previously existed could, if reinstated, impair or prevent the conversion of dividends, distributions, or the proceeds from any sale of shares, as the case may be, from Pesos into U.S. Dollars and the remittance of such U.S. Dollars abroad. Also, certain of our indebtedness includes covenant limiting the payment of dividends. We cannot assure you that the Argentine Government will not take similar measures in the future. In such a case, the depositary for the ADSs may hold the Pesos it cannot otherwise convert for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid. In addition, any future adoption by the Argentine Government of restrictions to the movement of capital out of Argentina may affect the ability of our foreign shareholders and holders of ADSs to obtain the full value of their shares and ADSs, and may adversely affect the market value of our ADSs.

Our shareholders’ ability to receive cash dividends may be limited.

Our shareholders’ ability to receive cash dividends may be limited by the ability of the depositary to convert cash dividends paid in Pesos into U.S. Dollars. Under the terms of our deposit agreement with the depositary for the ADSs, the depositary will convert any cash dividend or other cash distribution we pay on the common shares underlying the ADSs into U.S. Dollars; if it can do so on a reasonable basis and can transfer the U.S. Dollars to the United States. If this conversion is not possible or if any Government approval is needed and cannot be obtained, the deposit agreement allows the depositary to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so. If the exchange rate fluctuates significantly during a time when the depositary cannot convert the foreign currency, shareholders may lose some or all of the value of the dividend distribution.

Under Argentine law, shareholder rights may be fewer or less well defined than in other jurisdictions.

Our corporate affairs are governed by our by-laws and by Argentine corporate law, which differ from the legal principles that would apply if we were incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United States, such as the States of Delaware or New York, or in other jurisdictions outside Argentina. In addition, the rights of holders of the ADSs or the rights of holders of our common shares under Argentine corporate law to protect their interests relative to actions by our board of directors may be fewer and less well-defined than those under the laws of those other jurisdictions. Although insider trading and price manipulation are illegal under Argentine law, the Argentine securities markets are not as highly regulated or supervised as the U.S. securities markets or markets in some other jurisdictions. In addition, rules and policies against self-dealing and regarding the preservation of shareholder interests may be less well-defined and enforced in Argentina than in the United States, putting holders of our common shares and ADSs at a potential disadvantage.

Holders of ADSs may be unable to exercise voting rights with respect to the Class B common shares underlying the ADSs at our shareholders’ meetings.

Shares underlying the ADSs are held by the depositary in the name of the holder of the ADS. As such, we will not treat holders of ADSs as one of our shareholders and, therefore, holders of ADSs will not have shareholder rights. The depositary will be the holder of the common shares underlying the ADSs and holders may exercise voting rights with respect to the Class B common shares represented by the ADSs only in accordance with the deposit agreement relating to the ADSs. There are no provisions under Argentine law or under our by-laws that limit the exercise by ADS holders of their voting rights through the depositary with respect to the underlying Class B common shares. However, there are practical limitations on the ability of ADS holders to exercise their voting rights due to the additional procedural steps involved in communicating with these holders. For example, holders of our common shares will receive notice of shareholders’ meetings through publication of a notice in an official gazette in Argentina, an Argentine newspaper of general circulation and the daily bulletin of the BASE, and will be able to exercise their voting rights by either attending the meeting in person or voting by proxy. ADS holders, by comparison, do not receive notice directly from us. Instead, in accordance with the deposit agreement, we provide the notice to the depositary. If we ask it to do so, the depositary will mail to holders of ADSs the notice of the meeting and a statement as to the manner in which instructions may be given by holders. To exercise their voting rights, ADS holders must then instruct the depositary as to voting the Class B common shares represented by their ADSs. Due to these procedural steps involving the depositary, the process for exercising voting rights may take longer for ADS holders than for holders of Class B common shares and Class B common shares represented by ADSs may not be voted as the holders of ADSs desire. Class B common shares represented by ADSs for which the depositary fails to receive timely voting instructions may, if requested by us, be voted at the corresponding meeting either in favor of the proposal of the board of directors or, in the absence of such a proposal, in accordance with the majority.

Our shareholders may be subject to liability for certain votes of their securities.

Because we are a limited liability corporation, our shareholders are not liable for our obligations. Shareholders are generally liable only for the payment of the shares they subscribe to. However, shareholders who have a conflict of interest with us and who do not abstain from voting at the respective shareholders’ meeting may be liable for damages to us, but only if the transaction would not have been approved without such shareholders’ votes. Furthermore, shareholders who willfully or negligently vote in favor of a resolution that is subsequently declared void by a court as contrary to the law or our by-laws may be held jointly and severally liable for damages to us or to other third parties, including other shareholders.

Provisions of Argentine securities laws could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on the price of our shares and ADSs

Argentine securities laws contain provisions that may discourage, delay or make more difficult a change of control of Edenor, such as the requirement, upon the acquisition of a certain percentage of our capital stock, to launch a tender offer to acquire a certain percentage of our capital stock, which percentage ranges from 10% to 100% depending on several factors. These provisions may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change of control that might otherwise be in the best interest of our shareholders and may adversely affect the market value of our shares and ADSs. In addition, the provisions of Argentine securities laws with respect to the obligation to launch a mandatory tender offer differ in certain respects; as of the date of filing of this annual report, it is unclear whether the provisions of our bylaws, which might be more beneficial to minority shareholders under certain circumstances than the provisions of Argentine securities laws in effect as of the date hereof, would prevail over the provisions of Argentine securities laws.

Item 4. Information on the Company

History and Development of the Company

Empresa Distribuidora y Comercializadora Norte S.A., or Edenor, is a public service company incorporated as asociedad anónima (stock corporation) under the laws of Argentina. Our principal executive offices are located at Avenida del Libertador 6363, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1428ARG, Argentina, and our general telephone number at this location is +54 11 4346 5000.

We were incorporated on July 21, 1992, under the name Empresa Distribuidora Norte Sociedad Anónima, as part of the privatization of the Argentine state‑owned electricity utility, Servicios Eléctricos del Gran Buenos Aires S.A. (SEGBA). The Company’s term of duration is 95 years. In anticipation of its privatization, SEGBA was divided into three electricity distribution companies, including our company, and four electricity generation companies, and on May 14, 1992, the Argentine Ministry of Economy and Public Works and Utilities approved the public sale of all of our company’s Class A common shares, representing 51% of the capital stock of our company.

A group of international investors, which included EDF International S.A. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Électricité de France S.A.), presented a bid for our Class A common shares through Electricidad Argentina S.A. (“EASA”), an Argentine company. EASA was awarded the bid and, in August 1992, EASA and the Argentine Government entered into a stock purchase agreement relating to the purchase of our Class A common shares. In addition, on August 5, 1992, the Argentine Government granted us a concession to distribute electricity on an exclusive basis within our concession area for a period of 95 years. On September 1, 1992, EASA acquired our Class A common shares and became our controlling shareholder. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions - Acquisition by Central Térmica Loma de la Lata S.A”.

In June 1996, our shareholders approved the change of our name to Empresa Distribuidora y Comercializadora Norte S.A. (EDENOR S.A.) to more accurately reflect the description of our core business. The amendment to our by–laws related to our name change was approved by the ENRE and registered with the Public Registry of Commerce (Inspección General de Justicia, the “IGJ”) in 1997.

In 2001, EDF International S.A. (EDFI) acquired, in a series of transactions, all of the shares of EASA held by EASA’s other shareholders, ENDESA Internacional, YPF S.A., which was the surviving company of Astra, and SAUR. As a result, EASA became a wholly–owned subsidiary of EDFI. In addition, EDFI purchased all of our Class B common shares held by these shareholders, increasing its direct and indirect interest in us to 90%.

On January 6, 2002, the Argentine Congress enacted the Public Emergency Law, which authorized the Argentine Government to implement certain measures to overcome the country’s economic crisis. Under the Public Emergency Law, the Argentine Government altered the terms of our concession and the concessions of other public utility services by renegotiating tariffs, freezing distribution margins and revoking price adjustment mechanisms, among other measures.

In September 2005, Dolphin Energía and IEASA acquired an indirect controlling stake in our company from EDFI. Dolphin Energía and IEASA were at the time of such acquisition controlled by the principals of Grupo Dolphin, an Argentine advisory and consulting firm that carries out private equity activities. On September 28, 2007, Pampa Energía S.A. (“Pampa Energía”, “PESA” or “Pampa”) acquired all the outstanding capital stock of Dolphin Energía and IEASA from the then current shareholders of these companies, inexchange for common stock of Pampa Energía. Pampa Energía, which is managed by Grupo Dolphin’s former principals, as of December 31, 2017, Pampa and its subsidiaries were engaged in the following business: (i) in the electricity value chain, through 8 thermal and 3 hydro power plants. Also, Pampa co-controls Transener, and controls Edenor; (ii) in the oil and gas value chain, Pampa Energía directly and through its subsidiary Petrolera Entre Lomas S.A. (“PELSA”) held 20 productive blocks (16 in Argentina and 4 outside Argentina) and 9 exploratory blocks. Moreover, Pampa co-controls TGS. Pampa also owns the 23.1% of OldelVal, a crude oil pipeline company in Argentina and minor interests in 4 productive blocks in Venezuela, through mixed companies (Empresas Mixtas), corporations whose majority shareholder is a subsidiary of Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (“PDVSA”), Corporación Venezolana de Petróleo S.A. (class A shares), which are controlled by the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and in which we own a minority interest (class B shares). As of the date of this annual report, Pampa sold its direct ownership of 58.88% in PELSA, and its direct interest in Entre Lomas, Bajada del Palo, Agua Amarga, Medanito S.E. and Jagüel de los Machos blocks; and (iii) in the refining and distribution operations, Pampa Energía operated the Bahía Blanca Ricardo Eliçabe Refinery. As of the date of this annual report, Pampa sold a set of assets related to the refining and distribution operations, such as the Ricardo Eliçabe refinery, the lubricants plant, the Caleta Paula reception and dispatch plant and the network of gas stations currently operated under the Petrobras brand. In addition, Pampa has a 28.5% direct interest in Refinor, which has a commercial network of 81 gas stations located in the Provinces of Tucumán, Salta, Santiago del Estero, La Rioja, Jujuy, Catamarca and Chaco.

In April 2007, we completed the initial public offering of our Class B common shares, in the form of shares and American depositary shares, or ADSs. We and certain of our shareholders sold 18,050,097 ADSs, representing 361,001,940 Class B common shares, in an offering in the United States and elsewhere outside Argentina, and our Employee Stock Participation Program sold 81,208,416 Class B common shares in a concurrent offering in Argentina. Our ADSs are listed in the NYSE under the symbol “EDN,” and our Class B common shares are listed on the BASE under the same symbol. We received approximately U.S.$ 61.4 million in proceeds from the initial public offering, before expenses, which we used to repurchase a part of our then outstanding debt. Following the initial public offering, EASA continues to hold 51% of our common shares, and approximately 49% are held by the public. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions”.

On November 20, 2008, the Argentine Congress passed a law unifying the Argentine pension and retirement system into a system publicly administered by the ANSES and eliminating the retirement savings system previously administered by private pension funds under the supervision of a Governmental agency. In accordance with this law, private pension funds transferred all of the assets administered by them under the retirement savings system to the ANSES. As of the date of this annual report, ANSES held 242,999,553 of our Class B common shares, representing 26.8% of our capital stock.

EDESA Sale

On April 23, 2012, our board of directors accepted the offer made by Salta Inversiones Eléctricas S.A. (“SIESA”) to Edenor and its subsidiary Emdersa Holding, for the acquisition of shares representing: (i) 78.44% of the capital stock and voting rights of EDESAH and (ii) the remaining 0.01% of ESED.

The transaction was carried out on May 10, 2012 at the offered price payable through the delivery of Argentina’s sovereign debt bonds (Boden 2012) for a value equivalent to Ps. 100.5 million.

EDELAR Offer

An offer from Andes Energía Argentina S.A. (“Andes Energía”) was accepted by our board of directors. Such offer consisted of a proposal to buy a purchase option for a price of U.S.$ 1.5 million to buy, if Emdersa’s spin-off was completed within a term of two years, 78.44% of the Company’s direct and indirect stake in EDELAR for U.S.$ 20.29 million, to be paid in two installments. The purchase option was paid by the buyer on September 16, 2011. On December 31, 2012, Andes Energía’s purchase option expired.

EDELAR/EMDERSA Sale

On September 17, 2013, our board of directors approved an irrevocable offer to Energía Riojana S.A. (ERSA) and the Government of the Province of La Rioja for the (i) sale of our indirect stake in Emdersa, Edelar’s parent company, and (ii) assignment of certain account receivables that we had against Emdersa and Edelar. On October 4, 2013, ERSA and the Government of the Province of La Rioja in its capacity as controlling shareholder of ERSA accepted the offer. The transaction closed on October 30, 2013. The price agreed upon was Ps. 75.2 million payable in 120 monthly and consecutive installments. In November 2015, we began to pay installments in accordance with the agreed upon schedule.

EMDERSA Holding Merger process

On October 7, 2013, the Company resolved to initiate the proceedings pursuant to which the Company will absorb Emdersa Holding in order to optimize its resources, simplifying its corporate, administrative and operating structure.

On December 20, 2013, the merger of Emdersa Holding into Edenor was approved by an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting, as well as all documentation and information required by applicable regulation towards that end. As of the date of this annual report, the administrative approval by the IGJ is pending. The effective reorganization date for all legal, accounting and tax purposes will be retroactive to October 1, 2013.

AESEBA/EDEN Sale

In 2013, the Company received offers from two investment groups for the acquisition of all of the shares of AESEBA, the controlling company of EDEN. On February 27, 2013, our board of directors approved the acceptance of the offer by Servicios Eléctricos Norte BA S.L. (the “Purchaser”) for the acquisition of AESEBA’s shares representing 100% of its capital stock and voting rights. The sale price was payable in Argentine Government Bonar 2013 bonds, or similar bonds, in an amount equivalent to Ps. 334.3 million, considering the market price of such Argentine Government securities at the time of the transaction. Such delivery was secured by the Purchaser’s contribution to a trust (the “Management Trust” or the “Aeseba Sale Trust”) in Argentine public debt securities, valued at the closing date of the transaction. No debt instruments of the Company were contributed to the Trust.

Through this transaction, the Company divested the AESEBA business segment, recording a loss of Ps. 96.5 million, included in the results from continued operations. Subsequently the Trust used all the cash and bonds deposited to purchase Notes of the Company due 2017 and 2022. The result of the repurchase of those Notes was a gain of Ps. 116.1 million, which was recognized in “Other financial results” (Ps. 71.7 million in fiscal year 2013 and Ps. 44.4 million in fiscal year 2014). In April 2014, we closed the Management Trust and transferred and cancelled all the Edenor securities repurchased. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Debt”.

Parent Company Merger Process

The merger by absorption between Central Térmica Loma de la Lata S.A. (“CTLL”), as merging and surviving company, and EASA, or parent company, and IEASA S.A. (“IEASA”) - EASA’s majority shareholder – as the merged/absorbed companies, began in March 2017. On January 19, 2018, the CTLL’s shareholder’s approved the merger and the CTLL’s board of directors became responsible for the management of EASA and IEASA, in accordance with the provisions of section 84 of the Business Organizations Law.

On September 22, 2017, the PESA’s board of directors approved the merger of BLL, CTG, CTLL (the acquiring company of EASA), EG3 Red, INDISA,INNISA, IPB, PPII, Transelec and PEPASA, as the acquired or absorbed companies, into PESA, as the acquiring or absorbing company, under the terms of tax neutrality (tax-free reorganization) pursuant to section 77 and following sections of the Income Tax Law. The effective date of the merger was established as October 1, 2017, as from which date the transfer to the acquiring company of the totality of the acquired companies’ equity will take effect, with all the latter’s rights and obligations, assets and liabilities becoming incorporated into the acquiring company’s equity; all that subject to the corporate approvals required under the applicable regulations and the registration with the Public Registry of Commerce of both the merger and the dissolution without liquidation of the acquired companies.

As of the date of this annual report, the Companies are taking the necessary steps in order to obtain the necessary registrations and authorizations for PESA to operate as the surviving company of the merger.

Business Overview

We believe we are the largest electricity distribution company in Argentina and one of the largest in Latin America in terms of number of customers and electricity sold (both in GWh and in Pesos) in 2017. We hold a concession to distribute electricity on an exclusive basis to the northwestern part of the greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area and in the northern part of the City of Buenos Aires, comprising an area of 4,637 square kilometers and a population of approximately 8.5 million people. As of December 31, 2017, Edenor served 2,950,329 customers. The following table shows the percentage of the electricity produced and sold by generating companies that was purchased by us in the periods indicated:

Year	Electricity demand⁽¹⁾	Edenor demand⁽²⁾	Edenor´s demand as % of total demand
2015	131,998	26,322	19.9%
2016	132,950	26,838	20.2%
2017	132,213	25,950	19.6%

Source:CAMMESA

⁽¹⁾ Demand in the Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista Sistema Patagónico (Patagonia wholesale electricity market, or MEMSP).

⁽²⁾ Calculated as electricity purchased by us and our wheeling system customers.

Edenor Concession

Edenor’s concession currently expires on August 31, 2087, and can be extended for one additional 10-year period if Edenor requests the extension at least 15 months before expiration. The Argentine Government may choose, however, to grant Edenor the extension on a non-exclusive basis. The concession period was initially divided into an initial management period of 15 years expiring on August 31, 2007, followed by eight ten-year periods. However, in July 2007, the initial management period was extended, at Edenor’s request, for an additional five-year period starting from the date of entry into force of the new tariff structure to be adopted under the RTI.

The Company has the exclusive right to distribute and sell electricity within the concession area to all the customers who are not authorized to obtain their power supply from the MEM, thus being obliged to supply all the electric power that may be required in a timely manner and in accordance with the established quality levels. In addition, the Company must allow free access to its facilities to any MEM agents whenever required, under the terms of the Concession.

No specific fee must be paid by the Company under the Concession Agreement during the term of the concession.

On January 6, 2002, the Argentine Congress enacted the Public Emergency Law, which empowered the Argentine Government to implement, among other things, monetary, financial and foreign exchange measures to overcome the economic crisis. These measures, combined with the devaluation of the Peso and high rates of inflation, have had a severe effect on public utility companies in Argentina, including us. Under the Public Emergency Law, the Argentine Government converted public utility tariffs from their original U.S. Dollar values to Pesos at an exchange rate of Ps. 1.00 per U.S.$ 1.00, froze all regulated distribution margins relating to the provision of public utility services (including electricity distribution services), revoked all price adjustment provisions and inflation indexation mechanisms in public utility concessions (including our concession) and was empowered to conduct a renegotiation of public utility contracts (including our concession) and the tariffs set therein (including our tariffs).

Furthermore, Law No. 25,561 authorized the PEN to renegotiate public utility contracts taking certain criteria into account.

Additionally, both the declaration of economic emergency and the period to renegotiate public utility contracts were extended through December 31, 2017 by Law No. 27,200 that came into effect on January 1, 2016.

On December 16, 2015, the Macri administration declared the state of emergency of the national electricity system that remained in effect until December 31, 2017. The state of emergency allowed the Argentine Government to take actions designed to guarantee the supply of electricity.

In this regard, the ME&M is instructed to prepare, launch and implement a plan of action for the electricity generation, transmission and distribution segments at national level with the aim of adjusting the quality and safety of the electricity supply and guaranteeing the provision of the electricity public service under adequate economic and technical conditions.

Geographic Exclusivity

Our concession gives us the exclusive right to distribute electricity within our concession area during the term of our concession. Under our concession, neither the national nor the provincial or local Governments may grant further concessions to operate electricity distribution services within our concession area. In that respect, we are obligated to satisfy all of the demand for electricity originated in our concession area, maintaining at all times a service quality standard that has been established in our concession. This geographic exclusivity may be terminated in whole or in part by the Executive Branch if technological changes make it possible for the energy distribution industry to evolve from its present condition as a natural monopoly into a competitive business. However, the Argentine or the Provincial Government may only exercise its right to alter or suppress our geographical exclusivity at the end of each management period under our concession, by prior written notice at least six months before the expiration of the then current management period.

Edenor’s concession area is divided into the following operating territories:

Operating territory		Districts
Region I		Ciudad de Buenos Aires, San Isidro, Vicente López, San Martín and Tres de Febrero
Region II		La Matanza, Morón, Hurlingham, Ituzaingo, Merlo, Marcos Paz and Gral. Las Heras
Region III		Pilar, Escobar, Tigre, San Fernando, San Miguel, Malvinas Argentinas, José C. Paz, Moreno and Gral. Rodríguez

The table below sets forth certain information relating to operating territories of Edenor as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017:

Operating territory		Districts
Region I		Ciudad de Buenos Aires, San Isidro, Vicente López, San Martín y Tres de Febrero
Region II		La Matanza, Morón, Hurlingham, Ituzaingo, Merlo, Marcos Paz y Gral. Las Heras
Region III		Pilar, Escobar, Tigre, San Fernando, San Miguel, Malvinas Argentinas, José C. Paz, Moreno y Gral. Rodríguez

Our Obligations

We are obligated to supply electricity upon request by the owner or occupant of any property in our concession area. We are entitled to charge for the electricity supplied at rates that are established by tariffs set with the prior approval of the ENRE under applicable regulations. Pursuant to our concession, we must also meet specified service quality standards relating to:

· the time required to connect new users;

· voltage fluctuations;

· interruptions or reductions in service; and

· the supply of electricity for public lighting and to certain municipalities.

Our concession requires us to make the necessary investments to establish and maintain the quality of service standards and to comply with the stringent minimum public safety standards asspecified in our concession. We are also required to furnish the ENRE with all information requested by it and must obtain the ENRE’s prior consent for the disposition of assets that are assigned to the provision of our electricity distribution services. The ENRE also requires us to compile and submit various types of reports regarding the quality of our service and other technical and commercial data, which we must periodically report to the ENRE.

Under our concession, we may also be required to continue rendering services after the termination of the concession term upon the request of the Argentine Government, but for a period not to exceed 12 months.

We are obligated to allow certain third parties (namely, other agents and large users) to access any available transportation capacity within our distribution system upon payment of a wheeling fee. Consequently, we must render the distribution service on an uninterrupted basis to satisfy any reasonable demand. We are prohibited from engaging in practices that limit competition or result in monopolistic abuses.

In addition, Clause 22.1 of the Adjustment Agreement required us and our shareholders and former shareholders to suspend all claims and legal proceedings (including arbitration actions) in administrative, state or federal courts located in Argentina or abroad, that were related to measures adopted with respect to the Concession Agreement, derived from the emergency situation declared by the Public Emergency Law. After the completion of the RTI, we and our shareholders and former shareholders were also obligated to completely waive and desist from all of the above-mentioned claims and legal proceedings. All proceedings related to circumstances supervening the above described situations, or that were not related to the consequences of the Public Emergency Law, were expressly excluded. If our shareholders or former shareholders had not desisted from these claims, the Argentine Government would have the right to foreclose on the pledge of our Class A common shares and sell these shares to a third-party buyer. If the Company or any shareholder or former shareholder re-established or initiated a new claim, we would have the obligation to hold the Argentine Government harmless in respect of amounts it could be required to pay pursuant to such claims. EDFI and EASA suspended all such claims against the Argentine Government as part of the Adjustment Agreement and, in connection with its sale of its controlling stake in Edenor, EDFI agreed to withdraw its claims against the Argentine Government before the ICSID at the request of Dolphin Energía S.A.

On February 1, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17 establishing the new tariff scheme which resulted from the completion of the RTI process, which will apply to the following five-year period. Pursuant to the provisions of the Adjustment Agreement, EASA (See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Parent Company Merger Process”) and EDFI withdrew their ICSID claim, and on March 28, 2017, the ICSID took note of the discontinuance of the procedure.

In accordance with our concession, our controlling shareholder, EASA, has pledged its 51% stake in the Company to the Argentine Government to secure obligations under our concession. The Adjustment Agreement required that the pledge be extended to secure our obligations under such agreement. The Argentine Government may foreclose on its pledge over the Class A shares and sell them in a public bidding process if certain situations occur

Quality Standards

Edenor’s Concession

Pursuant to our concession, we are required to meet specified quality standards with respect to the technical quality of the product delivered (electricity) and the technical quality of the service provided. The quality standards relating to the technical product refer to the electricity’s voltage levels. Edenor’s concession requires that the voltage level that we deliver be 3x380/220 V; 13.2 kV; 33kV; 132 kV; 220 kV. Edenor’s concession provides that admissible disruptions gaps in the voltage level may not exceed the following:

High voltage	-5.0% to +5.0%
Overhead network (medium or low voltage)	-8.0% to +8.0%
Buried network (medium or low voltage)	-5.0% to +5.0%
Rural	-10.0% to +10.0%

A fine is imposed under Edenor’s concession for disruption gaps in voltage levels that exceed the above-mentioned limits for 3.0% or more of the total amount of time that electricity is provided. The amount of the fine depends on the magnitude of the gaps. As the gaps’s percentage increases (or decreases) from the nominal contracted tension level, the rate of the fine per KWh increases. These fines are credited to the affected user’s bill.

The quality standards of the product set forth in Edenor’s concession refer to the frequency and duration of the interruptions. The following table sets forth the standards set forth in our concession with respect to the frequency and duration of interruptions per customer during the current management period:

Category of user	Frequency of interruptions (maximum number of interruptions per semester)	Duration of interruption (maximum amount of time per interruption) (1)
High voltage	3	2 hours
Medium voltage	4	3 hours
Low voltage: (small and medium demand)	6	10 hours
Large demand	6	6 hours

_______________________

⁽¹⁾Interruptions of less than three minutes are not recorded.

In addition, pursuant to the Adjustment Agreement, we agreed to comply with a medium delivery standard (SAIFI and SAIDI) that reflected our actual average delivery standards during the period from 2001 through 2003. This medium delivery standard required us to comply with a maximum number of interruptions per semester, on average, of 2,761 and a maximum duration of interruption, on average, of 5,386 hours. If we do not meet the delivery standards required by our concession, as set forth in the table above, but are otherwise in compliance with the medium delivery standard under the Adjustment Agreement, we may withhold payment of any fines that may be imposed under our concession for this failure and use this amount of unpaid fines for our capital expenditures. If we fail to comply with this measure, we will be required to pay the fines to the affected customers.

Modifications resulting from the completion of the RTI process

New regulatory requirements in terms of both product quality and service quality have been implemented for the five-year period 2017-2021, as set forth in ENRE Resolution No 63/2017. The most relevant changes relating to product quality consist of: (1) the unification of the levels of voltage including an admissible disruption gap of 5% for high voltage and 8% for medium and low voltage; (2) the update of the cost of energy supplied under bad conditions (as per its term in Spanish, “CESMC”), which will increase to reflect the registered voltage offset (the CESMC will be updated depending on the VAD increases that may occur); (3) the calculation of a factor to be applied over the CESMC to establish the reduction to be allocated to each affected user, with increases for each semester in the mentioned five-year period; and (4) the determination of an increase mechanism in customer compensation in the case of persistence over time of the event or incident.

In connection with the technical service quality, the most relevant changes consist of: (1) the update of the cost of energy not supplied in conditions (“CENS”) according to the user’s category, which at the same time will be subject to any VAD increases that may occur; (2) the exclusion of penalties application in the event of electrical outages caused by severe climate events that affect between 100,000 and 400,000 users within 24 hours, provided that the service is reestablished within the terms set forth inENRE Resolution No. 63/17; (3) the incorporation of quality paths that set expected values for the SAIDI and SAIFI indicators, which satisfaction will determine the application of factors to be applied over the CENS to establish a compensation to be allocated to users. These factors are related to the duration of the electrical outage and increase in subsequent semesters of the five-year period; and, (4) the determination of adjustment rates differentiated by district/commune over the mentioned factors. In all cases, the evolution of these quality paths drive the SAIDI/SAIFI indexes to the values defined as medium grade quality reference in the concession contract at the end of the five-year period.

Pursuant to our concession, the ENRE may fine us if one of our customers suffers more than the maximum number of interruptions specified for its category (excluding interruptions of less than 3 minutes) or suffers interruptions for a longer period than as specified for its category. We pay these fines by granting credits to the affected customers in their electricity bills within a 60-day period after the ending of the six-month control period. Fines are calculated at a rate per KWh that varies depending on the particular tariff or price schedule that is applicable to the customer.

The following table sets forth the frequency and duration (SAIDI and SAIFI) of interruptions of our service in the periods indicated:

	Year ended December 31,
Per customers	2017	2016	2015
Average frequency of interruptions(times)	8.80	8.98	8.89
Average duration of interruption (hours)	25.18	26.93	27.22

In addition, for the purpose of meeting the quality levels, we must comply with certain operational requirements related to the quality of our commercial services, safety in the public highways, data gathering and processing (including through reports that must be submitted to ENRE for supervision and control) and other contractual requirements related to our environmental management plan and the claims filed with ENRE by users which have been resolved after the established period.

Fines and Penalties

Under the terms of our concession, the ENRE may impose fines and penalties if we fail to comply with our obligations.

Fines relating to our failure to meet any of the quality and delivery standards described above are payable by granting credits or bonuses to our customers to offset a portion of their electricity charges. Since 1996, we have operated a central information system that allows us to directly credit customers who are affected by these quality or delivery deficiencies in the amount of the applicable fines.

Fines and penalties that are not directly related to services rendered to our customers are owed to the ENRE. These include fines imposed on us by the ENRE for any network installations found to create a safety or security hazard in a public space, including streets and sidewalks. In addition, the ENRE may fine us for inconsistency in technical information that we are required to furnish to the ENRE. Fines paid to the ENRE are deposited in the Third-Party Reserve Fund of the ENRE(Reserva de Fondos de Terceros del ENRE) in an account held with Banco Nación. Payments accumulate in the account until the amount deposited reaches Ps. 5.6 million and then, with the ENRE’s authorization, the amount is proportionally distributed among our customers.

When we entered into the Adjustment Agreement in September 2005, the ENRE approved a payment plan in respect of approximately Ps. 116 million of our accrued fines and penalties and agreed, subject to the condition that we meet the quality standards and capital expenditure requirements specified in the Adjustment Agreement, to waive approximately Ps. 58 million of accrued and unpaid fines and penalties. Under such payment plan, the penalties and fines to be paid to users were to be repaid in fourteen semiannual installments, with the first installment due upon the termination of a 180-day grace period beginning on the date the RTI’s resulting tariff structure came into effect.

Because the Adjustment Agreement was not ratified until January 2007, we recalculated the amounts of accrued fines and penalties credited thereof, according to the increase of the VAD charged to customers (including the CMM adjustments which have been transferred to customers for a total amount of Ps.17.2 million) up to the date of their credit to the customers’ accounts.

On December 22, 2015, considering the existence of cash flow and the strong possibility that such penalties to be paid to users would not be waived, we decided to make such payment in the form of one single credit, instead of fourteen semiannual installments as previously agreed, which was made to the users’ accounts for an amount Ps.152.2 million in the aggregate. In addition, a total of Ps.33.7 million in the aggregate remains available for those clients which had not an active service as of December 22, 2015.

During 2015, we entered into a settlement agreement with the ENRE (the “ENRE settlement”) under which we agreed to pay final penalties imposed on and which have been judicially challenged by us, with an adverse result, for an amount of Ps.85.7 million plus interest of Ps. 84.2 million. These fines were all paid to the Argentine Government and not to users.

The following table shows the adjustments to Edenor’s standalone accruals for ENRE fines and penalties, including current fines and penalties and adjustments to past fines due to increases in our tariffs pursuant to the Adjustment Agreement, for the periods specified:

	Year ended December 31,
	(in millions of Pesos)
	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
Accruals at beginning of year	3,533.5	1,066.8	1,102.8	923.8	647.4
ENRE Fines and Penalties	739.1	2,556.7	281.7	278.8	287.5
Accrued interests	-	-	-	-	-
Quality of Technical Service	225.2	1,426.4	170.2	177.7	176.3
Quality of Technical Product	(0.5)	383.1	29.0	19.8	18.7
Quality of Commercial Service	112.8	41.5	14.2	10.6	13.9
Public Safety	228.6	564.7	64.3	57.5	37.6
Transport Technical Function	1.7	0.1	(6.1)	5.4	2.3
Reporting Violations	144.3	101.9	10.1	6.2	25.8
Others	27.0	38.8	-	1.6	13.0
Payments of the year	(98.6)	(89.8)	(317.7)	(99.8)	(11.1)
Quality of Technical Service	(65.3)	(83.5)	(64.1)	(85.6)	-
Quality of Technical Product	(3.9)	-	(54.1)	-	-
Quality of Commercial Service	(29.4)	(6.3)	(16.8)	(14.2)	(11.1)
Public Safety	-	-	(79.8)	-	-
Transport Technical Function	-	-	-	-	-
Others	-	-	(102.9)	-	-
Plus: Adjustment to fines and penalties pursuant to the ratification of the Adjustment Agreement		-	-		-
Accruals at year‑end	4,174.0	3,533.5	1,066.8	1,102.8	923.8

Note: The facts or events that generated the amounts charged in each period may have occurred in prior periods and not necessarily in the period in which the charge is made. For 2017 and 2016, fines and penalties do not include Ps. 136.6 million and 166.4 million under the ENRE settlement, respectively.

Our fines and penalties imposed on us by the ENRE amounted to Ps.739.1 million and Ps.2,556.5 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

As of December 31, 2017, total accrued fines and penalties imposed on us amounted to Ps. 4,174.0 million, of which Ps. 2,102.2 million (including accrued interest) corresponded to penalties accrued but not yet imposed on us and Ps. 2,071.8 million (including accrued interest) correspond to penalties imposed on us but not yet paid.

Pursuant to Note No. 120,151, the ENRE established that all fines and penalties imposed after April 15, 2016 (whether with respect to events occurring on or after such date or events occurring prior to the date thereof but for which fines or penalties had not been imposed on us by such date) must be valued according to the VAD or KWh values in effect as of the last date of the semester or period during which the event giving rise to the penalty occurred, including any increases or adjustments applicable to our “remuneration” at such date. In addition, fines and penalties that fall within the purview of the Note will accrue interest from the last date of the semester on which the event giving rise to the penalty occurred until the date they are paid by us.

Additionally, on October 19, 2016, through Note No. 123,091 the ENRE established the average rate values (Ps./KWh) to be applied as from December 2012, for calculating the penalties payable to the Argentine Government. In accordance with the terms of the Adjustment Agreement, such values correspond to the average sale price of energy charged to customers. Since the rate values set forth in the Note are not consistent with such provision, on November 1, 2016, we submitted a claim to the ENRE requesting their rectification as we considered the approach erroneous.As of the date of this annual report, we received the response from the ENRE (Note No. 129,061), which clarified that the increases or adjustments are not applicable, and only the values paid by the customers should be considered.On February 1, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17, through which it approved new parameters related to the quality standards, with the purpose of achieving by the end of the 2017-2021 period an acceptable quality level. In this regard, the ENRE established a penalty regime to be applied in the event of non-compliance with the requisite quality rates.

On March 29, 2017, through Note No. 125,248, the ENRE established a new methodology for the calculation of fines and penalties, determining that fines must be valued according to the KWh values in effect as of the first day of the semester during which the event giving rise to the penalty occurred or the KWh value in effect as of the day of occurrence of the event in the case of penalties arising from specific events.

In the case of penalties which had been imposed but remain unpaid, the 30 day interest rate of the Banco Nación corresponding to commercial discounts shall apply, as from the day when the penalty was imposed through the date of payment.

Despite the issuance of Resolution No. 63/2017,the treatment to be given to the penalties and reductions is still pending settlement.

Disruptions

Due to the disruption in the provision of service in our concession area resulting from a power outage during a heat- wave occurred between December 20 and December 31, 2010, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 32/11 in February 2011 whereby we were fined in the amount of Ps.1.1 million and ordered to compensate those customers who had been affected by power cuts for approximately Ps.21.2 million. We have filed a direct appeal with the Appellate Court in Contentious and Administrative Federal Matters No. 1, requesting that such resolution be declared null and void.

Additionally, we filed a petition for the granting of injunctive relief aimed at suspending the application of the fine imposed until a decision on the direct appeal is rendered. On April 28, 2011, the court denied the request for injunctive relief. As a consequence, we filed a federal extraordinary appeal (“Recurso Extraordinario Federal”) which was subsequently rejected. We then filed another appeal (“Recurso de queja por apelación denegada”) with the Supreme Court requesting that the rejected extraordinary federal appeal be sustained. During 2014, the Appellate Court in Contentious and Administrative Federal Matters No. 1, denied the direct appeal requesting such resolution be declared null and granted the extraordinary appeal on the grounds that the matter corresponded to the scope and interpretations of a federal rule but not as to the arbitrariness of the judgment claimed by Edenor. Consequently, we then filed an appeal (“Recurso de queja por apelación denegada”) requesting that both appeals be entertained jointly. As of December 31, 2017, due to Resolution No. 32/11 of the ENRE, EDENOR registered a provision of Ps. 36.8 million in its financial statements. Given that framework of the “Agreement” with the ENRE is no longer in effect, the procedure is “suspended” and the Company cannot estimate the date on which the litigation will end.

On November 15, 2012, the Company was notified of the ENRE’s Resolution No. 336/2012, pursuant to which the office in charge of enforcing the ENRE’s regulations was instructed to immediately initiate the corresponding sanction proceeding so as to have the distribution companies Edenor and Edesur S.A. (“Edesur’’): (a) determine the customers affected by the power cuts occurred as a consequence of failures between October 29 and November 14, 2012; (b) determine the discounts to be recognized to each of the affected customers; and (c) credit such discounts towards the final discounts that will result from the evaluation of the Technical Service Quality relating to the six-month control period. As of December 31, 2017, due to Resolution No. 336/12 of the ENRE, EDENOR registered a provision of Ps. 20.7 million in its financial statements.

In addition, it was resolved that the Company and Edesur shall compensate each “small demand residential customer” (T1R) who had been affected by the power cuts occurred during the aforementioned period. The amount of the compensation depends on the length of the power cut which must have lasted for more than 12 continuous hours. We have recorded a Ps. 37,4 million provision in connection with this compensation.

On January 7, 2014, we were notified of Resolution No. 1/2014 of the ENRE ordering the payment of compensation to each user affected by the extreme weather occurring in December 2013 and January 2014. A credit determined by the duration of the interruption of the service was recognized to each affected user in our invoices until such credit was fully cancelled, representing an additional 100% compensation for those users who had been affected by similar interruptions of supply in previous years. The total compensation paid amounted to Ps. 85.7 million.

On March 28, 2016, we were notified of Resolution No. 31/16 of the ENRE pursuant to which we were instructed to compensate the small residential customers (T1R) who had been affected by the power outages occurred during the period between February 12, 2016 and February 18, 2016. The amount of each such compensation depended on the duration of each relevant power outage. The total compensation paid amounted to Ps. 73 million, and was credited to invoices issued as of April 25, 2016.

Foreclosure on the Pledge of Our Class A common shares or Revocation of Our Concession

Pursuant to the terms of the Adjustment Agreement, the Argentine Government may foreclose on the pledge of Edenor Class A common shares and sell them in a public bidding process if any of the following occurs:

· Edenor incurs penalties in excess of 20% of our gross energy sales, net of taxes (which corresponds to our energy sales) in any given year;

· EASA, fails to obtain the ENRE’s approval in connection with the disposition of our Class A common shares;

· material and repeated breaches of the Concession are not remedied upon request by the ENRE;

· EASA creates any lien or encumbrance on our Class A common shares (other than the existing pledge in favor of the Argentine Government);

· EASA or Edenor obstruct the sale of the Class A common shares at the end of any management period according to the terms of the Concession;

· our shareholders amend our articles of incorporation or voting rights in a way that modifies the voting rights of the Class A common shares without the ENRE’s prior approval; or

· our shareholders or former shareholders fail to desist from any ICSID claim brought against the Argentine Government following the completion of the RTI process and the approval of a new tariff regime.

On February 1, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17 establishing the new tariff scheme which resulted from the completion of the RTI process, applicable to the following five-year period. Pursuant to the provisions of the Adjustment Agreement, EASA and EDFI withdrew their ICSID claim, and on March 28, 2017, the ICSID took note of the discontinuance of the procedure. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions”.

Upon the occurrence of any of these events, the Argentine Government will have the right to foreclose on the pledge of our Class A common shares and exercise the voting rights of the Class A common shares until the transfer of such shares to a new purchaser occurs, at which time EASA will receive the proceeds of such transfer, net of a specified penalty payable to the Argentine Government.

In addition, under the terms of our concession, the Argentine Government has the right to revoke our concession if we enter into bankruptcy and the Argentine Government decides that we may not continue rendering services, in which case all of our assets will be transferred to a new state‑owned company that will be sold in an international public bidding process. At the conclusion of this bidding process, the purchase price would be delivered to the bankruptcy court in favor of our creditors, net of any debt owed by us to the Argentine Government. Any residual proceeds would be distributed among our shareholders.

Periodic bidding for control of Edenor

Before the end of each management period under our concession, the ENRE will arrange for an international public bidding procedure to be conducted for the sale of 51% of our capital stock and voting rights in similar conditions to those under which EASA acquired its stake. EASA (or its successor) will be entitled to participate in the bid. The person or group offering the highest price will acquire the stock and will pay the offered price to EASA. If EASA is the highest bidder or if EASA’s bid equals the highest bid, it will retain 51% of our stock, but no funds will need to be paid to the Argentine Government and EASA will have no further obligation with respect to its bid. There is no restriction as to the amount EASA may bid. In the event EASA fails to submit a bid or its bid is lower than the highest bid, the Class A common shares will be transferred to the highest bidder and the price paid by the purchaser (except for any amounts owed to the Argentine Government) will be delivered to EASA. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Parent Company Merger Process.”

The first management period was set to expire on August 31, 2007. We presented a request for a five-year extension of the initial management period in May 2007 and on July 5, 2007, the ENRE, pursuant to the Resolution No. 467/2007 of the ENRE, agreed to extend the initial management period for an additional five years from the date that the new tariff structure was adopted under the RTI. The remaining 10-year periods will run from the expiration of the extension of the initial management period.

Default of the Argentine Government

If the Argentine Government breaches its obligations in such a way that we cannot comply with our obligations under our concession or in such a way that our distribution service is materially affected, we may request the termination of our concession, after giving the Argentine Government a 90 days’ prior notice. Upon termination of our concession, all our assets used to provide our electricity distribution service will be transferred to a new state‑owned company to be created by the Argentine Government, which shares will be sold in an international public bidding procedure. The amount obtained in such bidding will be paid to us, net of the payment of any debt owed by us to the Argentine Government, plus compensation established as a percentage of the bidding price, ranging from 10% to 30% depending on the management period in which the sale occurs.

Edenor Network

As of December 31, 2017, the system through which the Company supplies electricity is comprised of 78 HV/HV, HV/HV/MV and HV/MV transformer substations, which represents 16,999 MVA of installed power and 1,462 kilometers of 220 kV, 132 kV and 27.5 kV high-voltage networks. The MV/LV distribution system is comprised of 17,673 MV/LV transformers, which represents 7,746 MVA of installed power, 10,742 kilometers of 33 and 13.2 kV medium-voltage lines, and 26,815 kilometers of 380/220 V low-voltage lines.

The table below shows the most significant data related to the transmission and distribution system for the last three years:

	As of December 31,
	2017	2016	2015
Kilometers of transmission lines
High voltage	1,462	1,452	1,438
Medium voltage	10,742	10,437	10,216
Low voltage	26,808	26,549	26,248
Total	39,012	38,438	37,902
Transformer capacity (MVA)
High voltage/high voltage	8,728	8,428	8,128
High voltage/medium voltage	8,271	7,791	7,711
Medium voltage/low voltage and medium voltage/medium voltage	8,035	7,668	7,168
Total	25,034	23,887	23,007

Electricity is conveyed from points of interconnection with the Argentine Interconnection System (“SADI”), 500 kV-220 kV Rodríguez Substation, 220 kV Ezeiza Substation, and from the local power plants, mainly Puerto and Costanera. In turn, the transmission network links these nodes with Casanova, Colegiales, Malaver, Matheu, Morón, Rodríguez, Talar and Zappalorto 220 kV head substations, and with Matanza, Ramos Mejía, Agronomía, Puerto Nuevo, Edison, Pilar, and Malvinas 132 kV head substations. Additionally, other local thermal-generation power plants are linked to Pilar, Zappalorto and Matheu Substations.

The transmission and distribution system, together with Edesur S.A. and Edelap S.A.’s systems, form the Greater Buenos Aires system that is operated by SACME, a company jointly controlled by the Company and Edesur S.A. SACME is responsible for the management of the high-voltage regional distribution in the Buenos Aires metropolitan area, coordinating, controlling and supervising the operation of the generation, transmission and distribution network in the CABA and the Buenos Aires metropolitan area, including coordination with the SADI in the Company’s and Edesur’s concession areas.

The Company distributes energy from the high/medium voltage substations through the primary 13.2kV and 33kV system to a secondary 380/220 V low-voltage system, distributing the electricity to final customers with varied voltage levels depending on their requirements. In exceptional cases, certain customers are supplied with power at higher voltages.

Transmission structure:

Our transmission network’s structure is comprised of high voltage (HV: 500, 220 and 132 kV) lines and/or cables that link non-radial operation substations, the interconnection points and the generation. The main development criterion of this network is its adaptability in order to meet the planned demand according to its geographical distribution, considering the various possible generation scenarios and the eventual unavailability of facilities comprising the network. The Company’s HV transmission network takes power mainly from the SADI through the Rodríguez Substation, Ezeiza Substation, Puerto Nuevo and Nuevo Puerto thermal power plants, and Costanera Substation; additionally, it exchanges power with other companies at transmission and distribution level.

Works performed:

· In 2017, bringing into service of a 220kV underground electrical transmission line between Malaver interconnection post and Malaver Substation, increasing transmission capacity between Morón and Malaver Substations in 450 MW.

· In 2018, carrying out of works to link the local New Thermal Generation to Matheu, Zappalorto and Pilar substations, with a global installed capacity of 420 MW.

· In 2017, replacement of an overhead line section of the 132 kV electrical transmission line that links Matheu and José C. Paz Substations for underground cable.

· Continuation of expansion works of the 500/220 kV Rodríguez substation to increase its capacity in 800 MVA.

· Continuation of both expansion works of the 220/132 kV Ezeiza substation to increase its capacity in 300 MVA, and laying of new 132 kV electrical transmission lines between this substation and El Pino substation.

· In 2017, commencement of works of the new 132 kV electrical transmission line that will link Casanova and San Justo Substations.

· In 2017, commencement of works of the new 220 kV electrical transmission line that will link Malaver and Edison Substations.

· In 2017, commencement of works for the renovation of the 132 kV underground electrical transmission lines that link Puerto Nuevo and Melo Substations with Colegiales Substation.

Subtransmission Sructure

Our substransmission network is the link between HV (HV/HV) head substations and the substations where voltage is transformed from high to medium (HV/MV), adopting in general the 132 kV voltage level. The overhead network (double radial deviation or double loop deviation) and the underground network (in “simple circuit” loops or double loop deviation) are considered as the basic structure of the subtransmission network.

Works performed:

· In 2017, completion of the new 132/13.2 kV 2 x 80 MVA Aniversario Substation, former “Olivos” Substation.

· In 2017, completion of the new 132/33/13.2 kV 4 x 40 MVA Gaona Substation.

· In 2017, expansion of the 132/13.2 kV Rotonda Substation, replacing two 40 MVA transformers for two 80 MVA transformers.

· In 2017, bringing into service of a new provisional 40 MVA transformer in José C. Paz Substation.

· In 2017, replacement of a 132/13.2 kV 40 MVA transformer in Victoria Substation for a 132/13.2 kV 80 MVA transformer.

· Continuation of renovation and expansion works of the 132/13.2 kV Urquiza Substation with a capacity of 120 MVA, bringing into service the first 40 MVA transformer.

· Continuation of installation works of the new 132/13.2 kV Aguas Substation with a capacity of 100 MVA, bringing into service its 132 kV connection.

· Continuation of expansion works of the 132/13.2 kV Pantanosa Substation to increase its capacity in 40 MVA.

· Continuation of construction works of the new 132/13.2 kV x 80 MVA José C. Paz Substation.

· Continuation of construction works of the new 132/13.2 kV x 80 MVA Aeroclub Substation.

· In 2017, commencement of installation works of a new medium-voltage switchboard in Victoria Substation.

· In 2017, commencement of installation works of a new medium-voltage switchboard in Matheu Substation.

Distribution Structure:

The distribution network is comprised of all the equipment, medium voltage (13,2 and 33 kV) lines and cables that link subtransmission substations with medium and medium/low-voltage transformer centers. The network’s basic structure consists of open normal operation feeders forming rings with other feeders of another busbar of the same substation or with neighbouring substations.

Works performed:

· In 2017, installation of 55 new feeders in new and existing substations: Agronomía, Ciudadela, Migueletes, Rotonda, Suarez, Tecnópolis, Altos, Ituzaingó, San Alberto, Tapiales,Bancalari, Benavidez, Catonas, Gaona, J C Paz, Manzone, Maschwitz, Morón, Nordelta, Paso del Rey, Tortuguitas and in Cazador and Escobar step-down centers.

· In 2017, closures between medium-voltage feeders of substations, installation of 513 new medium / low-voltage transformer centers and 664 power increases, which resulted in a net increase of installed power of 334 MVA.

Information Technology and Telecommunications

In 2017, certain aspects related to our information technology telecommunications and telecommunications strategy were modified to take into account the current and future challenges faced by the Company and as part of the digital transformation process underway across the energy sector.

Cybersecurity

Because of the critical nature of our infrastructure and the increased accessibility enabled through connection to the internet, we may face a heightened risk of cybersecurity incidents, such as computer break-ins, phishing, identity theft and other disruptions could negatively affect the security of information stored in and transmitted through our computer systems and network infrastructure. For more information on these risks,see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Cybersecurity events, such as a cyber-attack, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.”

In 2017, we conducted an assessment of our cybersecurity in critical operational infrastructures, contrasting it with the standard applicable to electricity distributors in the United States (NERC CIPS). Based on the results of this assessment, a multi-year mitigation plan was launched.

As part of the mitigation plan, new specialized management roles were created and a “Cybersecurity Committee”, comprised of the members of the Steering Committee, was formed. The Cybersecurity Committee is responsible for monitoring compliance with the multi-year mitigation plan and ensuring that the most relevant aspects of IT security and business continuity are considered as part of its implementation. Concurrently, a new cybersecurity events monitoring system with enhanced data processing capacity was implemented to improve the Company’s ability to monitor, detect and act against cybersecurity threats to its networks, IT infrastructure, and operating systems.

In addition to the efforts described in the prior paragraph, we believe we have made progress in the area of physical security of the buildings and substations with the installation and expansion of modern video surveillance cameras, and the upgrading to a new integrated access, control, video and intrusion platforms.

Data management:

As more devices are connected to the power network and as the Company’s presence in social networks grows, the volume of structured and non-structured data will increase exponentially, requiring an efficient management that proposes and develops more sophisticated analytical tools and skills. As a result, in 2017, the Company began developing a new governance and data management model (the “Model”) that will be implemented during 2018. This Model will gradually allow for the incorporation of analytical tools to analyze and process larger amounts of data. As of the date of this annual report, the Model is still under development.

Commercial Processes

In 2017, we launched the Visión 360 program consisting of a series of projects that incorporate new customer relationship technologies that streamline customer communication channels. The Visión 360 consists of upgrading the Oracle CC&B billing and commercial management platform. It is expected that a new set of technologies that optimize customer experience and service will be implemented in 2018. At the same time, in order to minimize waiting times, automatic take-a-turn ticket dispensers were installed in our commercial offices.

With respect to our large customers, we expect to install smart meters connected to our telecommunications network in 2018, bringing together the data from these devices into the PrimeRead platform.

Further, our commercial management systems were adapted to accommodate the RTI process, such as the monthly billing concept, new electricity rate schedules, and the new invoice designs.

Operational Process

In 2017, in order to reduce service restoration time in the event of faults and improve the quality of services, a plant for the remote connection and control of transformer centers continued to be carried out. More than 300 transformer centers were connected, amounting to a total of more than 600 connected transformer centers connected as of the date of this annual report.

Supply and Logistics Processes

Our supply and logistics processes were modernized with a new SAP module, the SAP Warehouse Management, to make the management of warehouses more efficient.

This implementation of this new SAP module makes it possible to direct and control the flows of materials and resources in the central warehouse. In 2018, we plan to implement an integrated supplier management model that allows for the development of methodologies and tools for the self-registration, selection, and assessment of current and potential suppliers.

Telecommunications and Data Processing Infrastructure

In terms of telecommunications and data processing, in 2017, the capacity of the Company’s corporate backbone network increased tenfold through new fiber optic links. This type of capacity also reached several of our commercial offices.

Furthermore, 110 km of optical fiber were brought into service, in addition to the 880 km that are already operational. This expansion significantly improves the communication between the different buildings, commercial offices and substations, and prepares the Company for the development of a future smart grid. In 2018, the optical fiber network will continue to be expanded in pursuance of the goal of 1,500 km of optical fiber in service.

Additionally, the first consolidation stage of mission-critical applications on a new virtual server architecture was carried out. In 2018, an integral application and infrastructure availability and performance monitoring model will be developed in order to anticipate possible contingencies that might affect the normal operation of the business and the productivity of the personnel.

Customers

The following graph shows the evolution of our customer base through December 31 of each year:

As of December 31, 2017, Edenor served 2,950,329 customers. We define a “customer” as one meter.

Edenor Tariff Categories

Edenor classifies its customers pursuant to the following tariff categories:

· Residential (T1-R1 to T1-R9): residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10kW. In 2017, this category accounted for approximately 42.5% of our electricity sales.

· Small commercial (T1-G1 to T1-G3): commercial customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10kW. In 2017, this category accounted for approximately 8.2% of our electricity sales.

· Medium commercial (T2): commercial customers whose peak capacity demand is equal to or greater than 10kW but less than 50kW. In 2017, this category accounted for approximately 8.2% of our electricity sales.

· Industrial (T3): industrial customers whose peak capacity demand is equal to or greater than 50kW. This category is applied to high-demand customers according to the voltage at which each customer is connected. The voltage ranges included in this category are the following: (i) Low Voltage (LV): voltage less than or equal to 1 kV; (ii) Medium Voltage (MV): voltage greater than 1kV but less than 66 kV; and (iii) High Voltage (HV): voltage equal to or greater than 66kV. In 2017, this category accounted for approximately 17.1% of our electricity sales. This category does not include customers who purchase their electricity directly through the WEM under the wheeling system.

· Wheeling System: large users who purchase their electricity directly from generation or broker companies through the WEM. These tariffs follow the same structure as those applied under the Industrial category described above. As of December 31, 2017, the total number of such large users was 704, and this category represented approximately 18.4% of our electricity sales.

· Others: public lighting (T1-PL) and shantytown customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10kW. In 2017, this category accounted for approximately 5.5% of our electricity sales. See “Framework Agreement (Shantytowns)”.

We try to maintain an accurate categorization of our customers in order to charge the appropriate tariff to each of its customers. In particular, we focus on our residential tariff categorizations to both minimize the number of commercial and industrial customers who are classified as residential customers and identify residential customers whose peak capacity demand exceeds 10kW and therefore do not qualify as residential customers.

We rely on the following measures to detect incorrectly categorized customers:

· reporting by our employees tasked with reading meter information to identify observed commercial activities which are being performed by residential customers,

· conducting internet surveys to identify advertisements for commercial services (such as medical or other professional services) that are linked to a residential customer’s address, and

· analyzing customer demand to determine whether we should further evaluate the peak capacity demand of a given customer whose use might exceed 10kW.

Reading, Billing and Collecting

In 2017, the implementation of the remote meter reading system for the tariff 3 (high demand) and tariff 2 (medium demand) customer segments has gradually begun.

Further, with the coming into effect of the RTI and with the purpose of providing T1 (small demand) customers with more timely information about their consumption and facilitating the payment thereof, as part of the measures aimed at the restructuring of the electricity sector, a system was implemented for the monthly billing of the consumption measured every two months, dividing for such purpose the bimonthly consumption into two similar monthly periods.

Additionally, and with the purpose of measuring the number of actual readings based on which the service is billed, limits have been set to the number of estimated readings in order to maximize customer billing on actual readings. The concession agreement initially stipulated that the maximum limit of estimates was 8% of the total bills issued. As from the effective date of the RTI, a maximum of 2% of estimated bills over the total number of bills issued for each electricity rate category has been set as global indicator. The Company complied with this indicator and improved it to an average of less than 1% in 2017.

Our residential and small commercial customers are divided into subcategories based on their consumption, as follows:

Residential (Tariff 1-R or T1-R):

· Tariff 1-R1: monthly energy consumption less than or equal to 150 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R2: monthly energy consumption greater than 151 KWh and less than or equal to 325 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R3: monthly energy consumption greater than 326 KWh and less than or equal to 400 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R4: monthly energy consumption greater than 401 KWh and less than or equal to 450 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R5: monthly energy consumption greater than 451 KWh and less than or equal to 500 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R6: monthly energy consumption greater than 501 KWh and less than or equal to 600 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R7: monthly energy consumption greater than 601 KWh and less than or equal to 700 KWh;

· Tariff 1-R8: monthly energy consumption greater than 701 KWh and less than or equal to 1400 KWh; and

· Tariff 1-R9: monthly energy consumption greater than 1400 KWh.

Social Tariff

The social tariff applies to the same subcategories of residential tariff, and established: (1) a 100% discount in the stabilized price of energy for monthly consumptions below or equal to 150 KWh (base consumption); for the monthly consumption above the base consumption, (2) a 50% discount in the stabilized price of energy for the monthly consumptions below or equal 150 KWh; and (3), non-discount for the rest of the surplus consumption. Moreover, a scheme of maximum percentages was established in social tariff customer’s invoices with respect to what would be paid, before taxes, by residential customers of equal consumption. The maximum percentages are: R1 25%, R2 45%, R3 60%, R4 65%, and R5 to R9 70%.

To qualify for the social tariff, customers must comply with one of the following characteristics:

· retirees or pensioners who receive two gross minimum wages or less;

· workers in employment relationships that earn two gross minimum wages or less;

· self-employed individuals falling in categories that correspond to annual income which monthly break out reaches two minimum gross wages or less;

· grantees of social programs;

· registered in the self-employed (monotributista) social category;

· grantees of non-contributory pensions with gross income equal to or less than two minimum wages;

· grantees of unemployment insurance;

· domestic service incorporated into the relevant special social security scheme;

· holders of the Lifetime Pension for Veterans of the South Atlantic War;

· persons with disability certificate issued by a competent authority; and

· persons suffering or living with another person suffering from an illness whose treatment involves electrodependence (in this case, the variable charge for the first 600 KWh monthly consumption is free).

Small commercial (Tariff 1-G):

· Tariff 1-G1: bimonthly energy demand less than or equal to 1600 KWh

· Tariff 1-G2: bimonthly energy demand greater than 1600 KWh but less than or equal to 4000 KWh

· Tariff 1-G3: bimonthly energy demand greater than 4000 KWh

Medium Commercial (Tariff 2):

Medium commercial customers (demand greater than 10 kW but less than 50 kW - Tariff T2) are billed on a monthly basis, as follows: (1) a fixed charge per invoiced issued; (2) a fixed charge per each “scope of supply” of KW capacity agreed; (3) a fixed charge based on a maximum KW capacity (applicable to the maximum capacity registered during the billing period); (4) a variable charge based on each unit of energy consumed, without hour discrimination; and, (4) if applicable, a cos phi surcharge.

Industrial (Tariff 3):

Industrial customers (demand equal or greater than 50 kW - Tariff T3) are billed on a monthly basis, as follows: (1) a fixed charge per invoice issued; (2) a fixed charge per each “scope of supply” of KW capacity agreed for low, medium or high voltage, with or without electricity consumption; (3) a fixed charge based on a maximum KW capacity registered, in low, medium or high voltage, applicable to the maximum capacity registered during the billing period; (4) a charge resulting from the electricity supplied in the voltage corresponding to the provision, in accordance with the consumption registered in each of the tariff timetables: “peak”, “night-time” and “remaining hours”; (5) if the supply is carried out in continuous current, a surcharge equivalent to a percentage of the price of the rectified electricity; and (6), if it is applicable, a cos phi surcharge.

Public Lighting (AP):

Public lighting customers are billed a monthly variable energy charge based on each unit of energy consumed.

The table below shows the number of Edenor customers per category at the dates indicated.

	As of December 31,
	2017	2016	2015
T1R	2,580,003	2,497,386	2,467,757
T1G	328,715	327,198	325,149
T2	33,426	34,662	34,477
T3	6,874	6,856	6,706
Wheeling system	706	714	708
Other*	605	434	432
Total	2,950,329	2,867,250	2,835,229

* Represents public lighting and shantytown customers.

All of the meters are read with portable meter‑reading terminals, either with manual access or optical reading (in the case of electronic meters for T2, T3 and certain T1customers). During 2018, weplan to implement a system of remote meter readings for the T3 and wheeling clients. The systems validate the readings, and any inconsistent reading is checked and/or corrected before billing. Estimates of customer usage were significantly reduced as a result of this new billing system. Once the invoices are printed, independent contractors in each operating area, that are subject to strict controls, distribute them.

Slow-Paying Accounts and Past Due Receivables

Since the beginning of the concession, many procedures have been established to reduce delinquency and make collection possible. Our Commercial Department oversees the strict observance of such procedures.

Municipalities’ accounts form a significant number of our arrears accounts. The methods of collection on such arrears vary for each municipality. One method of collection is to withhold from the municipalities certain taxes collected by us from the public on behalf of the municipalities and using such taxes to offset any past due amounts owed to us by such municipalities. Another method of collection is entering into refinancing agreements with the municipalities. These procedures allowed us to reduce significantly the number of arrears accounts.

Our past due receivables increased from Ps. 658.8 million as of December 31, 2016 to Ps. 1,040.5 million as of December 31, 2017. This increase was mainly due to the tariff increase set by ENRE Resolution No 63/2017. The tariff increase affected directly the amounts owed by customers with debtor behavior, as their unpaid charges are calculated based on the tariff in force as of the date of the infringement. Likewise, past due receivables could be measured as an equivalent of billing days, and taking into consideration this measure, a decrease from 14.27 to 11.36 days is observed.

Throughout 2017, several actions were performed to reduce the past due receivables, among which the following can be mentioned:

· suspension of the electricity supply service to customers with significant outstanding balances;

· special notices prompting payment;

· personalized calls to negotiate and prompt payment;

· management and follow-up plans;

· more flexible payment plans;

· management of inactive accounts.

The following graph shows Edenor delinquent balances as of December 31, of each year:

We also supply energy to low-income areas pursuant to the framework agreement with the Argentine Government and the Province of Buenos Aires, for which certain payments are still owed to us. See “Framework Agreement (Shantytowns).”

Energy Losses

Energy losses are equivalent to the difference between energy purchased and energy sold, and may be classified as technical and non-technical losses. Technical losses represent the energy that is lost during transmission and distribution within the network as a consequence of natural heating of the transformers and conductors that transmit the electricity from the generating plants to the customers. These losses typically increase in proportion to the amount of energy volume distributed (as has been the case for us in recent years). Technical losses are normal for any energy distributor and cannot be completely eliminated, though reduced through improvements in the network. We believe that the level of technical energy losses is approximately 9% in countries with similar distribution networks. The non-technical energy losses represent the remainder of our energy losses mainly due to the illegal use of its services and administrative and technical errors.

Energy losses require us to purchase additional energy to satisfy apparent demand, thereby increasing costs. Furthermore, illegally tied-in customers typically consume more electricity than the average level of consumption for their category. We are unable to recover from customers the cost of electricity purchased beyond the average loss factor set at 10% pursuant to our concession. Therefore, the reduction of energy losses reduces the amount of energy we have to purchase to satisfy apparent demand but cannot invoice, and increases the amount of electricity actually sold.

At the time of the privatization of the electricity sector in 1992, our total energy losses were approximately 30%. At that time, our non-technical losses were estimated at 21%, with over half of that amount due to fraud and illegal use of our service. In response to the high level of losses, we implemented a loss reduction plan in 1992, which emphasized on accurate measurement of energy consumption through periodic inspections, reduction of administrative errors, regularization of shanty towns, reduction of illegal direct connections, provision of services to shantytowns and reduction of technical losses.

At present, our goal is to maintain our energy losses at an optimal level, while also considering the cost of reducing such losses and the level at which we are reimbursed for the cost of these losses under our concession. Our procedures for maintaining an optimal level of losses are focused on improving collections to ensure that customers pay for all the energy that they consume and making investments in our network to control technical losses. To reduce the theft of electricity we have implemented vigilance and special technologies, such as much higher networks that cannot be reached using normal ladders, shields close to the electricity posts, concentric cables, shielded meters and suspension of electricity service, among other remedies.

Moreover, we are testing other programs including teaching low-income customers how to ration their consumption, providing them with the option of paying in installments and the installation of integrated meters (MIDEs), allowing the customer to purchase fractional energy, which reached a number of 48,560 installed in 2017. In 2018,a large installation plan for this type of meters will be implemented with the goal of installing 100,000 per year during 2018 and 2019.

In Regions II and III of our concession area, low-income neighborhoods continue to be detected and shantytowns have expanded. Energy theft remains the main cause of the increase in total energy losses within such regions. Throughout 2017, we continued working with the support of legal counsel to file criminal complaints against such frauds and to establish new technological criteria in order to reduce the vulnerabilities of the grid.

The following table illustrates our estimates of the approximate breakdown between technical and non-technical energy losses experienced in our concession area since 2007. We believe that non-technical losses could increase in 2017 following the establishment of the new tariff structure pursuant to Resolution No. 63/2017 issued by the ENRE.

	Year ended December 31,
	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007
Technical losses	9.0%	9.6%	11.1%	10.8%	10.3%	10.5%	9.8%	9.8%	9.8%	9.8%	9.6%
Non technical losses	8.0%	7.4%	3.8%	3.5%	2.7%	2.8%	2.8%	2.7%	2.1%	1.0%	2.0%
Total losses	17.0%	17.0%	14.9%	14.3%	13.0%	13.3%	12.6%	12.5%	11.9%	10.8%	11.6%

As of December 31, 2017, total energy losses recorded by us were 17.1%, out of which technical losses represented 9.1% and non-technical losses represented 8%.

Framework Agreement (Shantytowns)

On January 10, 1994, the Company, together with Edesur S.A., the Argentine Government and the Government of the Province of Buenos Aires entered into a Framework Agreement, whose purpose was to establish the guidelines under which the Company was to supply electricity to low-income areas and shantytowns (the “Framework Agreement”).

In accordance with the terms of our concession and given the nature of public service that the law grants to the distribution of electricity, the Company is required to supply electricity to all users within the concession area, including low-income areas and shantytowns located within our concession area. In October 2003, Edenor, Edesur and Edelap entered into a framework agreement with the Argentine Government and the Province of Buenos Aires (the “2003 Framework Agreement”) to regulate the supply of electricity to low-income areas and shantytowns. Under the 2003 Framework Agreement, the Company has the right to receive compensation for the services provided to shantytowns from funds collected from residents of each relevant shantytown, the Municipality in which it is located and, if there is a shortfall, by a special fund supported by the Argentine Government and the Government of the Province of Buenos Aires. The Argentine Government and the Province of Buenos Aires contribute an amount equal to 21% and 15.5% of such compensation, respectively, net of taxes, paid by those customers with payment problems and meter irregularities, which are transferred to distributors such as Edenor as compensation. On June 23, 2008, Edenor entered into an amendment to the 2003 Framework Agreement (the “Amended 2003 Framework Agreement”) with the Argentine Government, the Province of Buenos Aires and the other national electric distributors extending the terms of the 2003 Framework Agreement. This Amended 2003 Framework Agreement expired on December 31, 2010.

On July 22, 2011, the Company, together with Edesur and Edelap, entered into an addendum (the “Addendum”) with the Argentine Government and the Government of the Province of Buenos Aires, to extend for an additional term of four years (from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014) the Amended 2003 Framework Agreement. Such extension was approved on September 21, 2012 by Resolution No. 248/12 issued by the ENRE and ratified by the Ministry of Planning pursuant to Resolution No. 247/12. As of December 31, 2014 the Agreement expired.

With regard to the accounts receivable we had against the Province of Buenos Aires, on October 18, 2012 we entered into an agreement for the settlement of non-financial obligations and subscription of Buenos Aires Province Government bonds, pursuant to which we agreed to receive an amount of Ps. 0.3 million in cash and subscribe Series B bonds for a residual nominal value of Ps. 6.1 million, in compensation for the debt that the Buenos Aires Province had with us for the electric power supplied to low-income areas, as of December 31, 2010.

On May and July, 2016, we received payments for Ps. 11.4 million and Ps. 53.5 million, respectively, from the provincial and the Argentine Governments corresponding to 2014 period.

On August 3, 2017, the extension of the Framework Agreement until September 30, 2017 was signed. The signing of the aforementioned agreement represents the recognition of revenue relating to the distribution of electricity to low-income areas and shantytowns for the January 1, 2015 - September 30, 2017 period for an amount of Ps. 268.1 million. On October 23, 2017, the Company received a payment from the Argentine Government for Ps. 122.6 million.

Given that as of the date of this annual report the approval of the new Framework Agreement for the October 1-December 31, 2017 period by the Argentine Government and the Government of the Province of Buenos Aires is pending, no additional revenue in connection with compensation for service provided to shantytowns has been recognized, which, as of December 31, 2017, amounted to Ps. 40.8 million.

As of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, our receivable balances with the Argentine Government and the Government of the Province of Buenos Aires for the supply of electricity to shantytowns amounted to Ps. 156.4 million, Ps. 10.9 million and Ps. 73.1 million, respectively.

Insurance

As of December 31, 2017, we had insurance for loss and damage to property, including damage due to floods, fires and acts of nature covering up to U.S.$ 1,516.8 million, with the following deductibles:

· transformers, between U.S.$ 175,000 and U.S.$ 850,000 (depending on their power level);

· equipment of sub-stations (not including transformers), U.S.$ 75,000.

· commercial offices, U.S.$ 1,500 for each office;

· deposits and other properties, U.S.$ 25,000; and

· acts of terrorism, U.S.$ 50,000, being the maximum insured amount for this purpose, U.S.$ 10,000,000.

We are also insured against theft of safe-deposit boxes and cash/valuables-in-transit for a maximum amount of U.S.$ 150,000 and U.S.$ 5,000, respectively, with a deductible of U.S.$ 250.

In addition, we maintain the following insurance, subject to customary deductibles and the conditions established for each coverage:

· Directors’ and Managers’ Liability insurance;

· Civil Liability insurance;

· Automobile insurance;

· Mandatory life insurance for all our employees which is maintained in accordance with Argentine law; and

· Optional life insurances for all our employees.

As of the date of this annual report, the Company is analyzing different coverage options offered by market partcipants for insurance related to cybersecurity events.

Although we do not have business interruption insurance, we consider our insurance coverage to be adequate and in accordance with the prevailing standards for the industry. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—In the event of an accident or other event not covered by our insurance, we could face significant losses that could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations”.

Environmental Management

In Argentina, the Argentine Government, the provincial Governments and the Government of the City of Buenos Aires are entitled to legislate on natural resources and environmental protection issues. The 1994 Constitution reaffirms this principle, assigning to the Argentine Government the establishment of broad environmental guidelines and to the provincial Governments and to the Government of the City of Buenos Aires the duty to implement the necessary legislation to attain national environmental goals. The environmental policy for the electricity market is formulated by the former SE and implemented by the ENRE. Areas regulated by the ENRE include the tolerance level for electromagnetic fields, radio interference, voltage of contact and pass, liquid spills, disposal and handling of solid wastes, noise and vibration admissible levels and use, and the transport and storage of hazardous waste, including polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), a viscous substance which was historically used to lubricate electrical transformers. The Argentine Environmental Law required that we eliminate the PCB in our transformers before the end of 2010.

Over the course of 2009, we completed the removal of PCBs from all our transformers with contaminated coolant oils exceeding 50 ppm (parts per million), the limit established by National Law No. 25,670.

As part of our investment plan, we made important improvements to our network and implemented technological innovations which reduced the impact of these improvements on theenvironment. We are required to apply for licenses from the ENRE for all our business activities, which include certain requirements related to environmental protection. To the best of our knowledge, we are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable environmental standards, rules and regulations established by the ENRE, the former SE and other federal, provincial and municipal authorities. We have implemented environmental management programs to evaluate environmental impact and to take corrective actions when necessary. In addition, we have in place an environmental emergency plan designed to reduce potential adverse consequences should an environment contingency occur. Finally, as part of our environmental actions, we improved and deepened the program of rational uses of energy in our buildings and in our customer equipment.

Regarding the addition of new installations and related construction works, all of the studies corresponding to the Environmental Impact Evaluation required by law are being made. These analyses are presented to local environmental authorities and submitted to consideration of the local communities in Public Audiences held as required by applicable regulations for the issuance of an Environmental Aptitude Certificate.

On October 19, 1999, the Argentine Institute of Normalization(Instituto Argentino de Normalización) certified that we have an Environmental Management System that is in accordance with the requirements of the standards set by the International Standardization Organization (ISO) as specified in its release, ISO 14001/15, which relates specifically to environmental management systems. This certification is reaffirmed on an annual basis, most recently as of December 2017.

Section 22 of law No. 25,675 requires all persons whose activities risk environmental damage, such as us, to obtain environmental insurance up to a certain minimum coverage.

Seasonality

Demand for our services fluctuates on a seasonal basis. For a discussion of this seasonality of demand, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Demand —Seasonality of Demand”.

New Brand and Institutional Image

In August 2017, the Company launched its new brand and institutional image. The goal of this change is to reflect a modern company, with an emphasis on technology, innovation and customer service quality, as well as portray the Company as a model public utility company, with a focus on two pillars: efficiency and proximity.

The new brand and institutional image will continue to be implemented during 2018 and will be visible throughout the different levels of the Company’s operations, including the corporate buildings, our commercial offices, corporate vehicles, invoices, among others.

The Argentine Electricity Industry

Historical Background

Electricity was first made available in Argentina in 1887 with the first public street lighting in Buenos Aires. The Argentine Government’s involvement in the electricity sector began in 1946 with the creation of theDirección General de Centrales Eléctricas del Estado (General Directorate of Electric Power Plants of the State) to construct and operate electricity generation plants. In 1947, the Argentine Government createdAgua y Energía Eléctrica S.A. (Water and Electricity, or AyEE) to develop a system of hydroelectric generation, transmission and distribution for Argentina.

In 1961, the Argentine Government granted a concession to theCompañía Italo Argentina de Electricidad (Italian‑Argentine Electricity Company, or CIADE) for the distribution of electricity in a part of the City of Buenos Aires. In 1962, the Argentine Government granted a concession formerly held by theCompañía Argentina de Electricidad (Argentine Electricity Company, or CADE) toServicios Eléctricos del Gran Buenos Aires (Electricity Services of Greater Buenos Aires, or SEGBA), our predecessor, for the generation and distribution of electricity to parts of Buenos Aires. In 1967, the Argentine Government granted a concession to Hidroeléctrica Norpatagónica S.A. (Hidronor) to build and operate a series of hydroelectric generation facilities. In 1978, CIADE transferred all of its assets to the Argentine Government, following which CIADE’s business became Government‑owned and operated.

By 1990, virtually all of the electricity supply in Argentina was controlled by the public sector (97% of total generation). The Argentine Government had assumed responsibility for the regulation of the industry at the national level and controlled all of the national electricity companies, AyEE, SEGBA and Hidronor. The Argentine Government also represented Argentine interests in generation facilities developed or operated jointly with Uruguay, Paraguay and Brazil. In addition, several of the Argentine provinces operated their own electricity companies. Inefficient management and inadequate capital spending, which prevailed under national and provincial Government control, were in large measure responsible for the deterioration of physical equipment, decline in quality of service and proliferation of financial losses that occurred during this period.

In 1991, as part of the economic plan adopted by former President Carlos Menem, the Argentine Government undertook an extensive privatization program of all major state‑owned industries, including within the electricity generation, transmission and distribution sectors. In January 1992, the Argentine federal congress adopted the Regulatory Framework Law (Law No. 24,065), which established guidelines for the restructuring and privatization of the electricity sector. The Regulatory Framework Law, which continues to provide the framework for regulation of the electricity sector since the privatization of this sector, divided generation, transmission and distribution of electricity into separate businesses and subjected each to appropriate regulation.

The ultimate objective of the privatization process was to achieve a reduction in tariffs paid by users and improve quality of service through competition. The privatization process commenced in February 1992 with the sale of several large thermal generation facilities formerly operated by SEGBA, and continued with the sale of transmission and distribution facilities (including those currently operated by our company) and additional thermoelectric and hydroelectric generation facilities.

Regulatory and Legal Framework

Role of the Government

The Argentine Government has restricted its participation in the electricity market to regulatory oversight and policy-making activities. These activities were assigned to agencies that have a close working relationship with one another and occasionally even overlap in their responsibilities. The Argentine Government has limited its holding in the commercial sector to the operation of international hydropower projects and nuclear power plants. Provincial authorities followed the Argentine Government by divesting themselves of commercial interests and creating separate policy-making and regulatory entities for the provincial electricity sector.

Limits and Restrictions

To preserve competition in the electricity market, participants in the electricity sector are subject to vertical and horizontal restrictions, depending on the market segment in which they operate.

Vertical Restrictions

The vertical restrictions apply to companies that intend to participate simultaneously in different sub-sectors of the electricity market. These vertical restrictions were imposed by Law No. 24,065, and apply differently depending on each sub-sector as follows:

Generators

· Under Section 31 of Law No. 24,065, neither a generation company, nor any of its controlled companies or its controlling company, can be the owner or a majority shareholder of a transmitter company or the controlling entity of a transmitter company; and

· Under Section 9 of Decree No. 1398/1992, since a distribution company cannot own generation units, a holder of generation units cannot own distribution concessions. However, the shareholders of the electricity generator may own an entity that holds distribution units, either as shareholders of the generator or through any other entity created with the purpose of owning or controlling distribution units.

Transmitters

· Under Section 31 of Law No. 24,065, neither a transmission company nor any of its controlled companies or its controlling entity can be the owner or majority shareholder or the controlling company of a generation company;

· Under Section 31 of Law No. 24,065, neither a transmission company, any company controlled by a transmission company nor any company controlling a transmission company can own or be the majority shareholder or the controlling company of a distribution company; and

· Under Section 30 of Law No. 24,065, transmission companies cannot buy or sell electricity.

Distributors

· Under provision 31 of Law No. 24,065, neither a distribution company, nor any of its controlled companies or its controlling company, can be the owner or majority shareholder or the controlling company of a transmission company; and

· Under Section 9 of Decree No. 1398/1992, a distribution company cannot own generation units. However, the shareholders of the electricity distributor may own generation units, either directly or through any other entity created with the purpose of owning or controlling generation units.

Definition of Control

The term “control” referred to in Section 31 of Law No. 24,065 (which establishes vertical restrictions) is not defined in the Regulatory Framework Law. Section 33 of the Argentine Corporations Law states that “companies are considered as controlled by others when the holding company, either directly or through another company: (1) holds an interest, under any circumstance, that grants the necessary votes to control the corporate will in board meetings or ordinary shareholders’ meetings; or (2) exercises a dominant influence as a consequence of holding shares, quotas or equity interest or due to special linkage between the companies.” We cannot assure you, however, that the electricity regulators will apply this standard of control in implementing the restrictions described above.

Horizontal Restrictions

In addition to the vertical restrictions described above, distribution and transmission companies are subject to horizontal restrictions, as described below.

Transmitters

· According to Section 32 of Law No. 24,065, two or more transmission companies can merge or be part of the same economic group only if they obtain an express approval from the ENRE. Such approval is also necessary when a transmission company intends to acquire shares of another electricity transmission company;

· Pursuant to the concession agreements that govern the services rendered by private companies operating transmission lines above 132Kw and below 140Kw, the service is rendered by the concessionaire on an exclusive basis over certain areas indicated in the concession agreement; and

· Pursuant to the concession agreements that govern the services rendered by the private company operating the high-tension transmission services equal to or higher than 220Kw, the company must render the service on an exclusive basis and is entitled to render the service throughout the entire country, without territorial limitations.

Distributors

· Two or more distribution companies can merge or be part of the same economic group only if they obtain an express approval from the ENRE. Such approval is necessary when a distribution company intends to acquire shares of another electricity transmission or distribution company; and

· Pursuant to the concession agreements that govern the services rendered by private companies operating distribution networks, the service is rendered by the concessionaire on an exclusive basis over certain areas indicated in the concession agreement.

2001 Economic Crisis

At the end of 2001 and beginning of 2002, Argentina experienced an unprecedented crisis that virtually paralyzed the country’s economy through most of 2002 and led to radical changes in Government policies. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations—Argentine Economic Conditions”. The crisis and the Argentine Government’s policies during this period severely affected the electricity sector. Pursuant to the Public Emergency Law enacted to address the crisis, the Argentine Government, among other measures:

· converted public utility tariffs from their original U.S. Dollar values to Pesos at a rate of Ps. 1.00 per U.S.$ 1.00;

· froze all regulated distribution margins relating to the provision of public utility services (including electricity distribution services);

· revoked all price adjustment provisions and inflation indexation mechanisms in public utility concessions (including energy concessions); and

· empowered the Argentine Executive Branch to conduct a renegotiation of public utility contracts (including energy concessions), including the tariffs for public utility services.

These measures, combined with the devaluation of the Peso and high rates of inflation, had a severe effect on public utilities in Argentina, including on us. Because public utilities were no longer able to increase tariffs to cover their cost increases, the impact of inflation on costs led to decreases in their revenues in real terms and a deterioration of their operating performance and financial condition. Most public utilities had also incurred large amounts of foreign currency indebtedness under the fixed one-to-one Peso per Dollar exchange rate of the Convertibility Regime and, following the elimination of the Convertibility Regime and the resulting devaluation of the Peso, the debt service burden of these utilities increased sharply, which led many of these utilities to suspend payments on their foreign currency debt in 2002. This situation caused many Argentine electricity generators, transmission companies and distributors to defer making further investments in their networks. As a result, Argentine electricity market participants, particularly generators, were operating at near full capacity, which could lead to insufficient supply to meet a growing national energy demand. In addition, the economic crisis and the resulting emergency measures had a material adverse effect on other energy sectors, including oil and gas companies, which has led to a significant reduction in natural gas supplies to generation companies that use this commodity in their generation activities.

The Argentine Government has repeatedly intervened in and modified the rules of the WEM since 2002 in an effort to address the electricity crisis generated by the economic crisis. These modifications include the establishment of caps on the prices paid by distributors for electricity power purchases and the requirement that all prices charged by generators be calculated based on the price of natural gas (also regulated by the Argentine Government) regardless of the fuel actually used in generation activities. These modifications have created a huge structural deficit in the operation of the WEM. The Argentine Government has made some attempts to correct these problems, including proposing new rules to structure the WEM in December 2004 and creating a special fund to finance infrastructure improvements in the energy sector in April 2006, but little progress has been made in advancing a system-wide solution to the problems confronting Argentina’s electricity sector.

In September 2006, the former SE issued Resolution No. 1,281/06 in an effort to respond to the sustained increase in energy demand following Argentina’s economic recovery after the crisis. This resolution sought to create incentives for energy generation plants in order to meet increasing energy needs. The resolution’s principal objective was to ensure that energy available in the market was used primarily to service residential users and those industrial and commercial users whose energy demand was at or below 300 kilowatts (kW) and who lacked access to other viable energy alternatives. To achieve this, the resolution provided that:

· large users in the WEM and large customers of distribution companies (in both cases above 300 kW), such as us, would be authorized to secure energy supply up to their “base demand” (equal to their demand in 2005) by entering into term contracts; and

· large users in the WEM and large customers of distribution companies (in both cases above 300 kilowatts) had to satisfy any consumption in excess of their base demand with energy from the Energy Plus (Plus Energy) system at unregulated market prices. The Energy Plus system consists of the supply of additional energy generation from new generation and/or generating agents, co-generators or auto-generators who were not agents of the electricity market or who as of the date of the resolution were not part of the WEM. Large users in the WEM and large customers of distribution companies would also enter into contracts directly with these new generators or purchase energy at unregulated market prices through CAMMESA.

This resolution helped us to mitigate the risk of energy shortages due to a lack of electricity generation. See “—Business Overview—Our obligations.”

In 2009, the Argentine Government completed the construction and began the operation of two new 800 MW combined cycle generators constructed as part of its effort to increase energy supply. The costs of construction were financed with net revenues of generators derived from energy sales in the spot market and through specific charges from CAMMESA to large users. These funds had been deposited in the Fund for Investments Required to Increase Electricity Supply in the Wholesale Electricity Market(Fondo de Inversiones Necesarias que Permitan Incrementar la Oferta de Energía Eléctrica en el Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista, or FONINVEMEM).

Regulatory Authorities

The principal regulatory authorities responsible for the Argentine electricity industry are:

(1) the Secretariat of Electric Energy, which assumed certain responsibilities of the former SE (the “SEE”);

(2) the Ente Nacional Regulador de la Electricidad (the “ENRE”); and

(3) the Ministry of Energy and Mining (the “ME&M”)

The SEE advises the Argentine Government on matters related to the electricity sector and is responsible for the application of the policies concerning the Argentine electricity industry. See “Item. 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Failure or delay to negotiate further improvements to our tariff structure, including increases in our distribution margin, and/or to have our tariff adjusted to reflect increases in our distribution costs in a timely manner or at all, has affected our capacity to perform our commercial obligations and could also have a material adverse effect on our capacity to perform our financial obligations.”

The ENRE is an autonomous agency created by the Regulatory Framework Law. The ENRE has a variety of regulatory and jurisdictional powers, including, among others:

· enforcement of compliance with the Regulatory Framework Law and related regulations;

· control of the delivery of electric services and enforcement of compliance with the terms of concessions;

· adoption of rules applicable to generators, transmitters, distributors, electricity users and other related parties concerning safety, technical procedures, measurement and billing of electricity consumption, interruption and reconnection of supplies, third‑party access to real estate used in the electricity industry and quality of services offered;

· prevention of anticompetitive, monopolistic and discriminatory conduct between participants in the electricity industry;

· imposition of penalties for violations of concessions or other related regulations; and

· arbitration of conflicts between electricity sector participants.

Under the Law No. 24,065, the ENRE is managed by a five-member board of directors appointed by the Executive Branch of the Argentine Government. Two of these five members are nominated by the Consejo Federal de la Energía Eléctrica (Federal Council on Electricity, or CFEE). The CFEE is funded with a percentage of revenues collected by CAMMESA for each MWh sold in the market. Sixty percent of the funds received by the CFEE are reserved for the Fondo Subsidiario para Compensaciones Regionales de Tarifas a Usuarios Finales (Regional Tariff Subsidy Fund for End Users), from which the CFEE makes distributions to provinces that have met certain specified tariff provisions. The remaining forty percent is used for investments related to the development of electrical services in the Argentine provinces.

On December 22, 2015, through Decree No 231/15 the ME&M was created, as a result of the rise in hierarchy of the old SE, which had been part of the Ministry of Federal Planning, Public Investment and Services of the Nation, with the objective of elaborating, proposing and executing the national energy policy. On March 5, 2018, through Decree No 174/18 the structure of the ME&M was modified, amongst other offices of the national Government. The older structure of the ME&M, created through Decree No 231/15, comprised four secretaries and fourteen undersecretaries, whilst the new structure was reduced to three secretaries and ten undersecretaries.

The Wholesale Electricity Market

Overview

The former SE established the WEM in August 1991 to allow electricity generators, distributors and other agents to buy and sell electricity in spot transactions or under long-term supply contracts at prices determined by the forces of supply and demand.

The WEM consists of:

· a term market in which generators, distributors and large users enter into long-term agreements on quantities, prices and conditions. Since March 2013, pursuant to Resolution 95/13 of the former SE, all large users have to buy their backup energy from CAMMESA at any relevant contractual maturity dates.

· a spot market, in which prices are established on an hourly basis as a function of economic production costs, represented by the short-term marginal cost of production and demand; and

· a stabilization fund, managed by CAMMESA, which absorbs the differences between purchases by distributors at seasonal prices and payments to generators for energy sales at the spot price.

Operation of the Wholesale Electricity Market

The operation of the WEM is administered by CAMMESA. CAMMESA was created in July 1992 by the Argentine Government, which currently owns 20% of CAMMESA’s capital stock. The remaining 80% is owned by various associations that represent WEM participants, including generators, transmitters, distributors and large users.

The following chart shows the relationships among the various actors in the WEM:

CAMMESA is in charge of:

· managing the SADI to the Regulatory Framework Law and related regulations, which includes:

· determining technical and economic dispatch of electricity (i.e., schedule of production for all generating units on a power system to match production with demand) in the SADI;

· maximizing the system’s security and the quality of electricity supplied;

· minimizing wholesale prices in the spot market;

· planning energy capacity needs and optimizing energy use pursuant to the rules set out from time to time by the SE, and

· monitoring the operation of the term market and administering the technical dispatch of electricity pursuant to any agreements entered into in such market;

· acting as agent of the various WEM participants;

· purchasing or selling electricity from or to other countries by performing the relevant import/export operations;

· providing consulting and other services related to these activities;

· supplying fuel pursuant to Resolution 95/13 of the former SE, which includes the management, acquisition, nationalization, control, reception, storage and distribution of liquid fuels to Generation Centrals through marine, river and land transportation;

· administrating the expansion of gas pipelines associated to natural gas supply to the new thermal centrals under construction;

· managing the availability of the generation system, formalizing, controlling and supervising the works involved with supply commitment contracts. Implementation of the maintenance plans for the thermal system;

· implementing the increase in capacity of the central storage;

· incorporating Biodiesel to the electricity generation matrix; and

· developing related activities pursuant to the execution of new generation infrastructure and transport, managing the trust contracts for the new thermal and nuclear centrals, especially for non-conventional sources of energy or those works within the National Hydraulic Works Program.

The operating costs of CAMMESA are covered by mandatory contributions made by WEM participants. CAMMESA’s annual budget is subject to a mandatory cap equivalent to 0.85% of the aggregate amount of transactions in the WEM projected for that year.

Wholesale Electricity Market Participants

The main participants in the WEM are generation, transmission and distribution companies. Large users and traders also participate in the WEM but to a lesser extent.

Generators

According to a recent report issued by CAMMESA, as of December 31, 2017, there were more than a hundred generation companies, afewer auto-generation companies, and just a few co-generation companies, most of which operate more than one generation plant in Argentina. As of December 31, 2017, Argentina’s installed power capacity was 36.505 MW, 62.7% of which derived from thermal generation, 30.4% from hydraulic generation, 4.8% from nuclear generation and 2.1% from non-conventional sources of energy. Private generators participate in CAMMESA through theAsociación de Generadores de Energía Eléctrica de la República Argentina (Argentine Association of Electric Power Generators, or AGEERA), which is entitled to appoint two acting and two alternate directors of CAMMESA.

On December 27, 2017, Law No. 27,424 related to the generation of electric power from renewable energy sources was published in the Official Gazette. The law declares of Gest and provides the legal and contractual conditions for the generation of renewable energy by the users of the distribution network for self-consumption and eventual injection of excess electricity into the grid. Additionally, the law created a public fiduciary fund, called Fund for the Distributed Generation of Renewable Energy (“FODIS”), which pursues to finance the implementation of distributed generation systems of renewable energy. Also, the law created the promotion regime for the National Manufacturing Systems, Equipment and Supplies for the Distributed Generation of Renewable Energy (“FANSIGED”), whose main activities comprise research, design, development, investment in capital goods, production, certification and installation services for the distributed generation of energy from renewable sources.

Transmitters

Electricity is transmitted from power generation facilities to distributors through high voltage power transmission systems. Transmitters do not engage in purchases or sales of power. Transmission services are governed by the Regulatory Framework Law and related regulations promulgated by the ME&M.

In Argentina, transmission is carried at 500 kV, 300 kV, 220 kV and 132 kV through SADI. The SADI consists primarily of overhead lines and transformation stations (i.e., assemblies of equipment through which electricity delivered through transmission circuits passes and is converted into voltages suitable for use by end users) and covers approximately 90% of the country. The majority of the SADI, including almost all of the 500 kV transmission lines, has been privatized and is owned by Transener S.A., which is indirectly co-controlled by Pampa Energía, our controlling shareholder and the largest integrated electricity company in Argentina (See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Parent Company Merger Process”). Regional transmission companies, most of which have been privatized, own the remaining portion of the SADI. Supply points link the SADI to the distribution systems, and there are interconnections between the transmission systems of Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay allowing for the import and export of electricity from one system to another.

Transmission companies also participate in CAMMESA by appointing two acting and two alternate directors through the Argentine Association of Electric Power Transmitters(Asociación de Transportistas de Energía Eléctrica de la República Argentina, or ATEERA).

In 2017, by means of Resolution No. 1,085/17, the Electric Power Secretariat modifies significantly the allocation of costs of the High Voltage and Extra High Voltage Transmission systems. The changes implemented, applicable as from December 1, 2017, are as follow: (1)Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista (“MEM”) generators no longer pay for the use of the transmission networks, except for the connection equipment entirely destined for each Generator; and (2) the total cost of each Transmitter is distributed among the users in its network, in proportion to their demand for energy, no longer applying the calculation methodology based on equipment use.

Distributors

Each distributor supplies electricity to consumers and operates the related distribution network in a specified geographic area pursuant to a concession. Each concession establishes, among other things, the concession area, the quality of service required, the tariffs paid by consumers for the distribution service and an obligation to satisfy demand. The ENRE monitors compliance by federal distributors, including us and Edesur with the provisions of the respective concessions and with the Regulatory Framework Law. In turn, provincial regulatory agencies monitor compliance by local distributors with their respective concessions and with local regulatory frameworks.

Distributors participate in CAMMESA by appointing two acting and two alternate directors through the Argentine Association of Electric Power Distributors(Asociación de Distribuidores de Energía Eléctrica de la República Argentina, or ADEERA).

We and Edesur are the largest distribution companies and, together with Edelap, originally comprised SEGBA, which was divided into three distribution companies at the time of its privatization in 1992.

Large Users

The WEM classifies large users of energy into three categories: Major Large Users(Grandes Usuarios Mayores, or GUMAs), Minor Large Users(Grandes Usuarios Menores, or GUMEs) and Particular Large Users (Grandes Usuarios Particulares, or GUPAs).

Each of these categories of users has different requirements with respect to purchases of their energy demand. For example, GUMAs are required to purchase 50% of their demand through supply contracts and the remainder in the spot market, while GUMEs and GUPAs are required to purchase all of their demand through supply contracts.

Large users participate in CAMMESA by appointing two acting and two alternate directors through the Argentine Association of Electric Power Large Users(Asociación de Grandes Usuarios de Energía Eléctrica de la República Argentina, or AGUEERA).

Spot Market

Spot Prices

The emergency regulations enacted after the Argentine crisis in 2001 and 2002 had a significant impact on energy prices. Among the measures implemented pursuant to the emergency regulations were the pesification of prices in the WEM, known as the spot market, and the requirement that all spot prices be calculated based on the price of natural gas, even in circumstances where alternative fuel such as diesel is purchased to meet demand due to the lack of supply of natural gas.

Prior to the crisis, energy prices in the spot market were set by CAMMESA, which determined the price charged by generators for energy sold in the spot market of the WEM on an hourly basis. The spot price reflected supply and demand in the WEM at any given time, which CAMMESA determined using different supply and demand scenarios that dispatched the optimum amount of available supply, taking into account the restrictions of the transmission grid, in such a way as to meet demand requirements while seeking to minimize the production cost and the cost associated with reducing risk of system failure.

The spot price set by CAMMESA compensated generators according to the cost of the last unit to be dispatched for the next unit as measured at the Ezeiza 500 kV substation, which is the system’s load center and is in close proximity of the City of Buenos Aires. Dispatch order was determined by plant efficiency and the marginal cost of providing energy. In determining the spot price, CAMMESA also would consider the different costs incurred by generators not in the vicinity of Buenos Aires.

In addition to energy payments for actual output at the prevailing spot market prices, generators would receive compensation for capacity placed at the disposal of the spot market, including stand-by capacity, additional stand-by capacity (for system capacity shortages) and ancillary services (such as frequency regulation and voltage control). Capacity payments were originally established and set in U.S. Dollars to allow generators to cover their foreign‑denominated costs that were not covered by the spot price. However, in 2002, the Argentine Government set capacity payments in reference to the Peso thereby limiting the purpose for which capacity payments were established.

Seasonal Prices

The emergency regulations also made significant changes to the seasonal prices charged to distributors in the WEM, including the implementation of a pricing ladder organized by level of customer consumption (which varies depending on the category of customers) charged by CAMMESA to distributors at a price significantly below the spot price charged by generators. According to the current regulatory framework, the SEE must adjust the seasonal price charged to distributors in the WEM every three months and the ENRE must calculate the tariff scheme as a result of applying the adjustment. However, between January 2005 and November 2008, the ENRE did not make these adjustments. In November 2008, the ENRE passed Resolution No. 628/08 establishing a new distribution tariff as from October 1, 2008 and modified seasonal prices charged to federal distributors, including the consumption levels that make up the pricing ladder.

On August 14, 2009, the ENRE adopted Resolution No. 433/2009 approving two tariff charts to be applied by Edenor, for the winter period of 2009. These charts were based on the new subsidized seasonal prices set forth by Resolution No. 652/09 issued by the former SE. The new price charts aimed at reducing the impact of increased winter electric energy consumption on the invoicing of residential customers with bi-monthly consumption exceeding 1,000 KWh. The ENRE also instructed Edenor to break down the floating charges of all invoices into the amounts subsidized and not subsidized by the Argentine Government.

During the winter season for the period between 2009-2013, the seasonal tariff chart was revised twice. For the months of June and July, tariffs were revised so that residential customers with consumption levels above 1,000 KWh received a full subsidy for their energy purchases. For the months of August and September, residential customers with consumption levels above 1,000 KWh received a subsidy equal to a 70% of their energy purchase price.

Prior to the implementation of the emergency regulations, seasonal prices were determined by CAMMESA based on an estimate of the weighted average spot price that would be paid by the next generator that would come on-line to satisfy a theoretical increase in demand (marginal cost), as well as the costs associated with the failure of the system and several other factors. CAMMESA would use a seasonal database and optimization models in determining the seasonal prices and would consider both anticipated energy supplies and demand, including, expected availability of generating capacity, committed imports and exports of electricity and the requirements of distributors and large users.

In November 2012, pursuant to Resolution No. 2,016/12 of the former SE and in accordance with the Summer Seasonal Program approved for the period November 2012- April 2013, the seasonal price format was modified, concluding in a single purchase price without considering any demand nor time segmentation and taking into account the structure of the demand as of October 2012 as the base. Subsequently, the former SE adopted Resolution No. 408/13, which maintained both the single price and the criteria for raising subsidies during the winter season.

During the winter season 2014,theResolution No. 2,016/12 was applied without any price reduction andresidential customers with consumption levels above 1,000 KWh did not received subsidy equivalent to that received in 2013.

On January 25, 2016, the ME&M issued Resolution No. 6/16, approving the seasonal WEM prices for each category of customer, as required by the regulatory framework, for the period from February 2016 through April 2016, in force through January 2017. These WEM prices resulted in the elimination of certain energy subsidies and a substantial increase in electricity rates for customers. Such resolution also contemplates a differentiated tariff for residential customers who achieved energy consumption savings between 10% and 20%, or greater than 20%, compared to the same period in the year 2015 (Stimulus Plan), and a social tariff for residential customers who comply with certain consumption requirements, which includes a full exemption for monthly consumptions below or equal to 150 KWh and tariff benefits for customers who exceed such consumption level but achieve a monthly consumption lower than that of the same period in the immediately preceding year.

Since May 2016, we were notified by several courts of the Province of Buenos Aires of injunctions granted to individual and collective customers against Resolution No. 6/16 and Resolution No. 1/16 issued by the ENRE (which authorized our new tariff schedule as from February 2016). Consequently, the then applicable tariff schedule, which includes the WEM prices established by Resolution No. 6/16, were not applied during certain periods in 2016 to the entire concerned area as a result of the injunctions issued in the above-mentioned case and to the districts of “Pilar” and “La Matanza” where provisional remedies were in effect until October 24 and November 11, 2016, respectively, when they expired. Therefore, as of those dates, no provisional remedy has been in effect and the new tariff scheme has been applied to all customers.

On February 1, 2017, the SEE published Resolution No 20-E/2017, by means of which it approved the Summer Seasonal Schedule for the WEM corresponding to the period held between February 1 and April 30, 2017.

In this regard, the SEE established the power and electricity reference prices for the different categories of customers, which is in force since March 1, 2017, and recognized a discount for the reference prices, exclusively for the month of February 2017. The SEE also ratified the social tariff determined by Resolution No. 6/16, and included the category of electricity dependent customers, which establishes a full exemption for monthly consumptions below or equal to 600 KWh and tariff benefits for those customers who exceed such consumption level but achieve a monthly consumption lower than that of the same period in the immediately preceding year.

As of December 1, 2017, in accordance with ME&M Resolution No. 1091/17, the new stabilized price of energy and the power output reference price were defined. Additionally, the new stabilized price of transport was settled, which became more significant in the purchase price of energy.

On November 30, 2017, through Resolution No. 1,085-E/17, the SEE established a new methodology for the allocation of high-voltage transportation costs, which will be evenly distributed among all the energy demand of the MEM with a uniform rate, assigning them to the customers accordingly to their energy demand.

Stabilization Fund

The stabilization fund, managed by CAMMESA, absorbs the difference between purchases by distributors at seasonal prices and payments to generators for energy sales at the spot price. When the spot price is lower than the seasonal price, the stabilization fund increases, and when the spot price is higher than the seasonal price, the stabilization fund decreases. The outstanding balance of this fund at any given time reflects the accumulation of differences between the seasonal price and the hourly energy price in the spot market. The stabilization fund is required to maintain a minimum amount to cover payments to generators if prices in the spot market during any relevant quarter exceed the seasonal price.

Billing of all WEM transactions is performed monthly through CAMMESA, which acts as the clearing agent for all purchases between participants in the market. Payments are made approximately 40 days after the end of each month.

The stabilization fund was adversely affected as a result of the modifications to the spot price and the seasonal price made by the emergency regulations, pursuant to which seasonal prices were set below spot prices resulting in large deficits in the stabilization fund. As of December 31, 2017, the stabilization fund balance was approximately Ps. 36 million, resulting from the stabilization fund plus the over expenses of dispatch net of the Argentine treasury contributions. However, if all the funds and accounts of energy and power are considered (including the Additional Energy, Fuel over expenses, Quality Supply, Surplus Demand pursuant to Resolution No. 1,281/06 of the SE, WEM, over expense contracts, etc.), this balance rises to Ps. 80,292 million. In this regard, over a period of more than ten years, the deficit has been financed by the Argentine Government through nonrefundable loans to CAMMESA, and the same methodology continues to be applied, through the deficit tends to reduce as a result of the policies implemented by the ME&M.

Term Market

Generators are able to enter into agreements in the term market to supply energy and capacity to distributors and large users. Distributors are able to purchase energy through agreements in the term market instead of purchasing energy in the spot market. Term agreements typically stipulate a price based on the spot price plus a margin. Prices in the term market have at times been lower than the seasonal price that distributors are required to pay in the spot market. However, as a result of the emergency regulations, spot prices in the term market are currently higher than seasonal prices, particularly with respect to residential tariffs, making it unattractive for distributors to purchase energy under term contracts while prices remain at their current levels.

As from March 2013, pursuant to the SE’s Resolution No. 95/13 all large users have to buy their backup energy from CAMMESA at any relevant contractual maturity date.

During 2017, through Resolution No 281-E/17 (amended by Disposition 1-E/2018 issued by theSusbsecretaría de Energías Renovables) the ME&M created the Term Market Regime for Electric Power from Renewable Sources, which established the percentages of renewable energy that large users are obliged to consume within their demand of energy. The resolution also determined the commercialization and administration charges for large users that opt for the joint purchase of renewable energy that CAMMESA commercializes, who, at the same time, will try to assist those users to comply with said percentages of renewable energy. Beyond that, large users can agree supply contracts directly with the generators, without incurring in CAMMESA charges, but without having their assistance.

Plus Energy

In September 2006, the former SE issued Resolution No. 1,281/06 in an effort to respond to the sustained increase in energy demand following Argentina’s economic recovery after the crisis. This resolution seeks to create incentives for energy generation plants in order to meet increasing energy needs. The resolution’s principal objective is to ensure that energy available in the market is used primarily to service residential users and industrial and commercial users whose energy demand is at or below 300 kW and who do not have access to other viable energy alternatives. To achieve this, the resolution provides that:

· large users in the WEM and large customers of distribution companies (in both cases whose energy demand is above 300 kilowatts), will be authorized to secure energy supply up to their “base demand” (equal to their demand in 2005) by entering into term contracts; and

· large users in the WEM and large customers of distribution companies (in both cases whose energy demand is above 300 kilowatts) must satisfy any consumption in excess of their base demand with energy from the Plus Energy system at unregulated market prices. The Plus Energy system consists in the supply of additional energy generation from new generation and/or generating agents, co-generators or auto-generators that are not agents of the electricity market or who as of the date of the resolution were not part of the WEM. Large users in the WEM and large customers of distribution companies can also enter into contracts directly with these new generators or purchase energy at unregulated market prices through CAMMESA.

Only the new generation facilities (which include generators that were not connected to the SADI as of September 5, 2006) and new generation capacity expansions in respect of existing capacity as of such date are entitled to sell electricity under thePlus Energy system.

The resolution also established the price large users are required to pay for excess demand, if not previously contracted underPlus Energy, which is equal to the generation cost of the last generation unit transmitted to supply the incremental demand for electricity at any given time. The SE established certain temporary price caps to be paid by large users for any excess demand, as of the date of this annual report Ps. 550 per MWh for GUDIs and Ps. 450 per MWh for GUMEs and GUMAs.

These prices have been updated as follows:

· after August 2011, the median incremental charge for excess demand was set at 320 Ps./MWh for GUMAs and GUMEs and 455 Ps./MWh for GUDIs;

· after December 2011, median incremental charge for excess demand for those who are not subsidized was set at 360 Ps./MWh;

· pursuant to the former SE’s Resolution No. 95/13 from March 22, 2013, as opposed to the backup contracts where a unique energy supplier is authorized by CAMMESA, the Plus Energy contracts still function are available to the large users and generators previously authorized by the Argentine National Planning, Public Investment and Services Ministry. The customers under the GUDI category, whose Energy Plus contracts mature, have the option of rehiring Energy Plus, reclassifying themselves under the GUME category; or continue buying the total amount of their energy to the distributors, paying in case needed. Base Surplus Demand pursuant to Resolution SE No. 1,281/06;

· as of March 13, 2015, the median incremental charge for excess demand was set at 450 Ps./MWh for GUMAs and GUMEs and 550 Ps./MWh for GUDIs; and

· based on the guidelines set forth in Resolution No. 6 of the ME&M, the median incremental charge for excess demand was set at 650 Ps./MWh for GUMAs and GUMES, while GUDIs stopped paying this charge.

ORGANIZATIONALSTRUCTURE

Edenor is a subsidiary of Pampa Energía, which is the largest independent integrated energycompany in Argentina.

As of December 31, 2017, Pampa and its subsidiaries were engaged in the following business: (i) in the electricity value chain, through 8 thermal and 3 hydro power plants adding a total installed capacity of 3,756 MW, plus expansions of 598 MW. Also, Pampa co-controls Transener, the largest high voltage power transmission company of Argentina and controls Edenor, the largest electricity utility with 3 million end-users; (ii) in the oil and gas value chain, Pampa Energía directly and through its subsidiary Petrolera Entre Lomas S.A. (“PELSA”) held 20 productive blocks (16 in Argentina and 4 outside Argentina) and 9 exploratory blocks with a total production of 66.4 thousand boe/day in Argentina. Moreover, Pampa co-controls TGS, the largest gas transporter in Argentina, with a 9,184 km of gas pipeline network and a liquids processing plant, General Cerri, with an output capacity of 1 million tons a year. Pampa also owns the 23.1% of OldelVal, a crude oil pipeline company in Argentina and minor interests in 4 productive blocks in Venezuela, through mixed companies (Empresas Mixtas), corporations whose majority shareholder is a subsidiary of Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (“PDVSA”), Corporación Venezolana de Petróleo S.A. (class A shares), which are controlled by the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and in which we own a minority interest (class B shares). As of the date of this annual report, Pampa sold its direct ownership of 58.88% in PELSA, and its direct interest in Entre Lomas, Bajada del Palo, Agua Amarga, Medanito S.E. and Jagüel de los Machos blocks; and (iii) in the refining and distribution operations, Pampa Energía operated the Bahía Blanca Ricardo Eliçabe Refinery with an installed capacity of 30.2 thousand oil bbl/day and a network of 250 gas stations; two storage plants with a capacity of approximately 1.3 million barrels; one lubricant plant and three fully-owned petrochemical plants. As of the date of this annual report, Pampa sold a set of assets related to the refining and distribution operations, such as the Ricardo Eliçabe refinery, the lubricants plant, the Caleta Paula reception and dispatch plant and the network of gas stations currently operated under the Petrobras brand. In addition, Pampa has a 28.5% direct interest in Refinor, which has a commercial network of 81 gas stations located in the Provinces of Tucumán, Salta, Santiago del Estero, La Rioja, Jujuy, Catamarca and Chaco.

For more information, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Parent Company Merger Process.”

The following diagram presents our corporate structure as of the date of filing of this annual report:

Property, plant and equipment

Our main properties are transmission lines, substations and distribution networks, all of which are located in the northwestern part of the greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area and in the northern part of the City of Buenos Aires. Substantially all of our properties are held in concession to provide the electricity distribution service, which, by its nature, is considered to be an essential public service. In accordance with Argentine law and court precedents, assets which are necessary for the rendering of an essential public service are not subject to attachment or attachment in aid of execution.

The net book value of our property, plant and equipment as recorded on our financial statements was Ps. 14,812.0 million, Ps. 11,197.0 million and Ps. 8,885.8 million as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. For a description of our capital expenditures plan, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Edenor’s Capital Expenditures.”

The total value of property, plant and equipment transferred by SEGBA on September 1, 1992 was allocated to individual assets accounts on the basis of engineering studies conducted by the Company. The value of property, plant and equipment was determined based on the price effectively paid by EASA for the acquisition of 51% of the Company’s capital stock. SEGBA neither prepared separate

financial statements nor maintained financial information or records with respect to its distribution operations or the operations in which the assets transferred to EDENOR were used. Accordingly, it was not possible to determine the historical cost of transferred assets. Additions subsequent to such date have been valued at acquisition cost, net of the related accumulated depreciation. Depreciation has been calculated by applying the straight-line method over the remaining useful life of the assets, which was determined on the basis of the above-mentioned engineering studies. Furthermore, in order to improve the disclosure of the account, the Company has made certain changes in the classification of property, plant and equipment based on each technical process. In accordance with the provisions of IAS 23, borrowing costs in relation to any given asset are to be capitalized when such asset is in the process of production, construction, assembly or completion, and such processes, due to their nature, take long periods of time; those processes are not interrupted; the period of production, construction, assembly or completion does not exceed the technically required period; the necessary activities to put the asset in condition to be used or sold are not substantially complete; and the asset is not in condition so as to be used in the production or startup of other assets, depending on the purpose pursued with its production, construction, assembly or completion. Subsequent costs (major maintenance and reconstruction costs) are either included in the value of the assets or recognized as a separate asset, only if it is probable that the future benefits associated with the assets will flow to the Company, being it possible as well that the costs of the assets may be measured reliably and the investment will improve the condition of the asset beyond its original state. The other maintenance and repair expenses are recognized in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations—Tariffs—Distribution Margin or Value‑Added for Distribution (VAD)—Integral Tariff Revision, or (RTI).”

Item 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, and 2016, included in Item 18 of this annual report and the “Selected Financial Data,” included in Item 3 herein. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. See “Item 3. Key Information—Selected Financial Data.”

We believe that the measures adopted by the Argentine Government to stabilize electricity rates throughout the energy sector during 2016, together with the implementation of the RTI process beginning on February 1, 2017, are helping us improve our operating and financial results. Our board of directors is optimistic that the new tariff schedule (set in force by Resolution No. 63/17 of the ENRE) will establish a regulatory framework with clear and precise rules, which will make possible for us not only to cover our operation costs, afford our investment plans and meet debt interest payments, but also to deal with the impact of the different variables that affect our business from time to time.

Our equity and negative working capital line items reflect the deteriorated financial and cash position we still have as a consequence of both the Argentine Government’s delay in the compliance with certain obligations under the Adjustment Agreement and the constant increase in operating costs in prior fiscal years, which we absorbed in order to comply with the execution of the investment plan and the carrying out of the essential operation and maintenance works necessary to maintain the provision of electricity services pursuant to our Concession in a satisfactory manner in terms of quality and safety.

Despite the progress achieved with regard to the completion of the RTI process, as of the date of this annual report, the definitive treatment to be given by the ME&M to all the issues resulting from the non-compliance with the Adjustment Agreement, including the remaining balances and other effects caused by the partial measures adopted under the RTI process, has yet to be defined. These issues, include, among others:

· the treatment to be given to the funds received from the Argentine Government through the loans for consumption (mutuums) agreements entered into with CAMMESA for the fulfillment of the Extraordinary Investment Plan, granted to cover the insufficiency of the FOCEDE’s funds;

· the conditions for the settlement of the balance outstanding with CAMMESA at the date of issuance of SEE Resolution No. 32/15; and

· the treatment to be given to the penalties and reductions determined by the ENRE whose settlement is pending.

On November 30, 2017, by means of Resolution No. 603/17, the ENRE approved the CPD values, applicable as from December 1, 2017, and retroactively to consumption recorded in the months of August through November 2017. That amount totals Ps. 753.9 million and was billed in two installments, December 2017 and January 2018. Additionally, the resolution approved the Company’s electricity rate schedule applicable to consumption recorded as from December 1, 2017.

Operating Results

We distribute electricity on an exclusive basis to the northwestern part of the greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area and the northern part of the City of Buenos Aires, comprising an area of 4,637 square kilometers, with an aggregate population of approximately eight million people. Pursuant to our concession, we have the exclusive right to distribute electricity to all users within our concession area, including to WEM participants. At December 31, 2017, we had 2,950,329 customers.

We serve two markets: the regulated market, which is comprised of users who are unable to purchase their electricity requirements directly through the WEM, and the unregulated market, which is comprised of large users that purchase their electricity requirements directly from generators in the WEM. The terms and conditions of our services and the tariffs we charge users in both the regulated and unregulated markets are regulated by the ENRE.

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

Our net sales consist mainly of net energy sales to users in our concession area. Our net energy sales reflect the tariffs we charge our customers (which include our energy purchase costs). In addition, our net sales include connection and reconnection charges and leases of poles and other network equipment.

We requested several additional increases under the CMM since May 2008, all of which were approved by ENRE pursuant to Resolution No. 250/13 and Resolution No. 32/15, with retroactive effect as of May 2008. However, these increases were not incorporated into our tariff structure in a timely manner to reflect increases in our distribution costs. In January 2016, the ME&M issued Resolution No. 7/16, through which the ENRE implemented a VAD adjustment to the tariff schedule on account of the future RTI process in effect as of February 1, 2016. Pursuant to such resolution, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 1/16 on January 29, 2016, establishing a new tariff structure.

In accordance with the terms of Resolution No. 7/16, which instructed the ENRE to take all necessary measures to complete the RTI process by December 2016, the RTI process was concluded. Thus, on February 1, 2016, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/17, which established, among others, a new tariff scheme.

As instructed by the ME&M, the increase in the VAD resulting from the RTI process and applicable as from February 1, 2017, was limited to a maximum of 42% vis-á-vis the VAD in effect at the date of issuance of the aforementioned resolutions, with the remaining value of the new VAD being applied in two stages, the first of them in December 2017 and the last one in February 2018.

The ENRE would acknowledge us the difference in VAD resulting from the application of the gradual tariff increase (the three stages, as described below) recognized by the RTI in 48 installments as from February 1, 2018, which was incorporated to the VAD value on such date.

Moreover, the VAD may be adjusted on a quarterly basis in accordance with a non-automatic mechanism based on the macroeconomic prices indicators (CPI, WSPI and salaries increases), to preserve the economic-financial sustainability of the Company in the event of prices variations in the economy. On November 30, 2017, by means of Resolution No. 603/17, the ENRE approved the CPD values applicable both as of December 1, 2017, and retroactively to consumption recorded for the months of August through November 2017. That amount totals Ps. 753.9 million and was billed in two installments, December 2017 and January 2018. In addition, the aforementioned resolution approved the electricity rate schedule’s values applicable as of December 1, 2017.

If, in the future, we are not able to recover the incremental cost increases and have them reflected in our tariffs, and/or there is a significant lag of time between when we incur the incremental costs and when we receive increased income, we may be unable to comply with our financial and commercial obligations, suffer liquidity shortfalls and need to restructure our debt to ease our financial condition, any of which, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations and may cause the value of our ADSs to decline. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Factors Affecting our Results of Operations—Tariffs” and “Item 3. Key Information—Risk factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Failure or delay to negotiate further improvements to our tariff structure, including increases in our distribution margin, and/or to have our tariffs adjusted to reflect increases in our distribution costs in a timely manner or at all, has affected our capacity to perform our commercial obligations and could also have a material adverse effect on our capacity to perform our financial obligations.”

The following table sets forth the composition of our net sales for the periods indicated:

	2017	2016	2015
	(Figures in millions)
Sales of Electricity (1)	24,171.5	12,952.7	3,720.4
Right of use of poles	130.9	108.2	76.4
Connection Charges	30.4	15.9	4.2
Reconnection Charges	7.2	2.8	1.1
Net sales	24,340.0	13,079.6	3,802.1

(1) Includes revenue from the application of Resolution No. 347/12 for Ps. 1.3 billion and Ps. 535.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, includes the effects of the provisional remedies.

The following tables show Edenor’s energy sales by category of customer (in GWh) for the periods indicated:

	Year ended December 31,
	2017		2016		2015
Residential	9,143	43%	9,708	44%	9,671	43%
Small Commercial	1,760	8%	1,819	8%	1,878	8%
Medium Commercial	1,754	8%	1,820	8%	1,828	8%
Industrial	3,687	17%	3,677	17%	3,680	16%
Wheeling System⁽¹⁾	3,968	18%	4,014	18%	4,200	19%
Public Lighting	708	3%	704	3%	688	3%
Shantytowns	483	2%	511	2%	435	2%
Total	21,503	100%	22,253	100%	22,380	100%

(1) Wheeling charges represent our tariffs for generators and large users, which consist of a fixed charge for recognized technical losses and a charge for our distribution margins but exclude charges for electric power purchases, which are undertaken directly between generators and large users.

Our revenues and results of operations are principally affected by economic conditions in Argentina, changes in our regulated tariffs and fluctuations in demand for electricity within our service area. To a lesser extent, our revenues and results of operations are also affected by service interruptions or reductions in excess of those contemplated by Resolution No. 63/17, which may lead us to incur fines and penalties imposed by the ENRE.

Argentine Economic Conditions and Inflation

Because all of our operations, facilities and customers are located in Argentina, we are affected by general economic conditions in the country. In particular, the general performance of the Argentine economy affects demand for electricity, and inflation and fluctuations in currency exchange rates affect our costs and our margins. Inflation primarily affects our business by increasing operating costs, while at the same time reducing our revenues in real terms.

In December 2001 Argentina experienced an unprecedented crisis that virtually paralyzed the country’s economy through most of 2002 and led to radical changes in Government policies. The crisis and the Argentine Government’s policies during this period severely affected the electricity sector, as described below. Although over the following years the Argentine economy has recovered significantly from the crisis, and the business and political environment has been largely stabilized, the Argentine Government has only recently begun to address the difficulties experienced by the Argentine electricity sector as a result of the crisis and its aftermath. However, we believe that the current recovery and the recent measures adopted by the Macri administration in favor of the electricity sector, such as establishing incentives for the construction of additional generation facilities and the creation of trust funds to further enhance generation, transmission and distribution of electricity throughout the country, have set the stage for growth opportunities in our industry.

The following table sets forth key economic indicators in Argentina during the years indicated:

	Year ended December 31,
	2017	2016	2015	2014	2013
Real GDP (% change)	2.8	-2.2	2.6	-2.5	2.4
Nominal GDP (in millions of Pesos)	10,233,090	8,055,988	5,854,014	4,579,086	3,348,308
Real Consumption (% change)	3.3	-1.4	3.5	-4.4	3.6
Real Investment (% change)	9.5	-5.4	3.8	-6.8	2.3
Industrial Production (% change)	1.8	-4.7	0.1	-1.8	0.0
Consumer Price Index	24.80	39.70	15.00	23.80	10.90
Nominal Exchange Rate (in Ps. /U.S.$ at year end)	18.95	16.17	13.40	8.60	6.50
Exports (in millions of U.S.$)	58,427	57,413	56,752	68,335	75,963
Imports (in millions of U.S.$)	66,899	55,753	59,787	65,229	74,442
Trade Balance (in millions of U.S.$)	-8,472	1,659	-3,035	3,106	1,521
Current Account (% of GDP)	-5.5	-2.7	-2.5	-1.4	-2.0
Reserves (in millions of U.S.$)	55,600	37,859	24,824	30,119	30,589
Tax Collection (in millions of Pesos)	2,578,609	2,007,811	1,537,948	1,169,683	858,832
Primary Surplus (in millions of Pesos)	-404,142	-359,382	-235,117	-155,522	-82,212
Public Debt (% of GDP at December 31) *	53.4	48.7	37.2	41.5	35.2
Public Debt Service (% of GDP)	6.1	5.3	4.4	3.8	3.7
External Debt (% of GDP at December 31)	32.7	34.9	26.0	27.7	25.0

Sources: INDEC; Central Bank; Ministry of Treasury.

* Includes hold-outs

** The CPI for 2015 was calculated for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2015. In November 2015, the INDEC suspended the publication of the CPI and the WPI.

In 2016, under the Macri administration the methodology used for the calculation of the economic indicators at the INDEC was updated. As a consequence, all the official economic data since 2004 has been revised.

Following years of hyperinflation and economic recession, in 1991 the Argentine Government adopted an economic program that sought to liberalize the economy and impose monetary discipline. The economic program, which came to be known as the Convertibility Regime, was centered on the Convertibility Law of 1991 and a number of measures intended to liberalize the economy, including the privatization of a significant number of public sector companies (including certain of our subsidiaries and co-controlled companies). The Convertibility Law established a fixed exchange rate based on what is generally known as a currency board. The goal of this system was to stabilize the inflation rate by requiring that Argentina’s monetary base be fully backed by the Central Bank’s gross international reserves. This restrained the Central Bank’s ability to effect changes in the monetary supply by issuing additional Pesos and fixed the exchange rate of the Peso and the U.S. Dollar at Ps. 1.00 to U.S.$ 1.00.

The Convertibility Regime temporarily achieved price stability, increased the efficiency and productivity of the Argentine economy and attracted significant foreign investment to Argentina. At the same time, Argentina’s monetary policy was tied to the flow of foreign capital into the Argentine economy, which increased the vulnerability of the economy to external shocks and led to increased reliance on the services sector of the economy, with the manufacturing, agricultural and industrial sectors lagging behind due to the relative high cost of Peso-denominated products in international markets as a result of the Peso’s peg to the U.S. Dollar. In addition, related measures restricted the Central Bank’s ability to provide credit, particularly to the public sector.

Following the enactment of the Convertibility Law, inflation declined steadily and the economy experienced growth through most of the period from 1991 through 1997. This growth slowed from 1998 on, however, as a result of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the Russian financial crisis in 1998 and the devaluation of Brazil’s currency in 1999, which led to the widespread withdrawal of investors’ funds from emerging markets, increased interest rates and a decline in exports to Brazil, Argentina’s principal export market at the time. According to INDEC, in the fourth quarter of 1998, the Argentine economy entered into a recession that caused the gross domestic product to decrease by 3.4% in 1999, 0.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2001. In the second half of 2001, Argentina’s recession worsened significantly, precipitating a political and economic crisis at the end of 2001.

2001 Economic Crisis

Beginning in December 2001, the Argentine Government implemented an unexpected number of monetary and foreign exchange control measures that included restrictions on the free disposition of funds deposited with banks and on the transfer of funds abroad without prior approval by the Central Bank, some of which are still in effect. On December 21, 2001, the Central Bank decided to close the foreign exchange market, which amounted to ade facto devaluation of the Peso. On December 24, 2001, the Argentine Government suspended payment on most of Argentina’s foreign debt.

The economic crisis led to an unprecedented social and political crisis, including the resignation of President Fernando De la Rúa and his entire administration in December 2001. After a series of interim Governments, in January 2002 the Argentine congress appointed Senator Eduardo Duhalde, a former vice-president and former governor of the Province of Buenos Aires, to complete De la Rúa’s term through December 2003.

On January 6, 2002, the Argentine congress enacted the Public Emergency Law, which introduced dramatic changes to Argentina’s economic model, empowered the Argentine Government to implement, among other things, additional monetary, financial and foreign exchange measures to overcome the economic crisis in the short term and brought to an end the Convertibility Regime, including the fixed parity of the U.S. Dollar and the Peso. Following the adoption of the Public Emergency Law, the Peso devalued dramatically, reaching its lowest level on June 25, 2002, at which time it had devalued from Ps. 1.00 to Ps. 3.90 per U.S. Dollar according to Banco Nación. The devaluation of the Peso had a substantial negative effect on the Argentine economy and on the financial condition of individuals and businesses. The devaluation caused many Argentine businesses (including us) to default on their foreign currency debt obligations, significantly reduced real wages and crippled businesses that depended on domestic demand, such as public utilities and the financial services industry. The devaluation of the Peso created pressure on the domestic pricing system and triggered very high rates of inflation. According to INDEC, during 2002 the Argentine WPI increased by approximately 118% and the Argentine CPI rose approximately 41%.

Following the adoption of the Public Emergency Law, the Argentine Government implemented measures, whether by executive decree, Central Bank regulation or federal legislation, attempting to address the effects of the collapse of the Convertibility Regime, recover access to financial markets, reduce Government spending, restore liquidity to the financial system, reduce unemployment and generally stimulate the economy.

Pursuant to the Public Emergency Law, the Argentine Government, among other measures:

· converted public utility tariffs from their original U.S. Dollar values to Pesos at a rate of Ps. 1.00 per U.S.$ 1.00;

· froze all regulated distribution margins relating to the provision of public utility services (including electricity distribution services);

· revoked all price adjustment provisions and inflation indexation mechanisms in public utility concessions (including our concession); and

· empowered the Argentine Executive Branch to conduct a renegotiation of public utility contracts (including our concession) and the tariffs set therein (including our tariffs).

These measures, combined with the devaluation of the Peso and high rates of inflation, had a severe effect on public utility companies in Argentina (including us). Because public utility companies were no longer able to increase tariffs at a rate consistent with the increased costs they were incurring, increases in the rate of inflation led to decreases in their revenues in real terms and a deterioration of their operating performance and financial condition. Most public utility companies had also incurred large amounts of foreign currency indebtedness to finance the capital improvement and expenditure programs. At the time of these privatizations, the capital structures of each privatized company were determined taking into account the Convertibility Regime and included material levels of U.S. Dollar‑denominated debt. Following the elimination of the Convertibility regime and the resulting devaluation of the Peso, the debt service burden of these utility companies significantly increased, which when combined with the margin freeze and conversion of tariffs from U.S. Dollars to Pesos, led many of these utility companies (including us) to suspend payments on their foreign currency debt in 2002.

Economic Recovery and Outlook

Beginning in the second half of 2002, Argentina experienced economic growth driven primarily by exports and import-substitution, both facilitated by the lasting effect of the devaluation of the Peso in January 2002. While this devaluation had significant adverse consequences, it also fostered a reactivation of domestic production in Argentina as the sharp decline in the Peso’s value against foreign currencies made Argentine products relatively inexpensive in the export markets. At the same time, the cost of imported goods increased significantly due to the lower value of the Peso, forcing Argentine consumers to substitute their purchase of foreign goods with domestic products, substantially boosting domestic demand for domestic products.

From 2003 to 2007, the economy continued recovering from the 2001 economic crisis. The economy grew by 8.8% in 2003, 9.0% in 2004, 9.2% in 2005, 8.5% in 2006 and 8.7% in 2007, led by domestic demand and exports. From a demand perspective, private sector spending was accompanied by a combination of liberal monetary and conservative fiscal policies. Growth in spending, however, consistently exceeded the rate of increase in revenue and nominal GDP growth. From a supply perspective, the trade sector benefited from a depressed real exchange rate, which was supported by the intervention of the Central Bank in the foreign exchange market. Real exports improved, in part due to growth in Brazil, and the current account improved significantly, registering surpluses in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

On December 10, 2007, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, wife of the ex-President Dr. Néstor Kirchner, was inaugurated as President of Argentina for an initial four-year term.

Argentina’s economy grew by 7% in 2008, 19.5% less than in 2007. According to the INDEC, growth was negative in both the first and the fourth quarter of 2008 (-0.3% for both periods) as compared to the same periods in 2007, without adjusting for seasonality. This negative growth is primarily attributable to the conflict between the Argentine Government and farmers in early 2008 and the global financial crisis, which deepened in the second half of 2008.

The agricultural sector was particularly hard hit in 2008 as a result of the decrease in commodities prices as well as a significant drought. A decline in the agricultural sector had adverse ramifications for the entire economy due to the significant role that sector plays in the Argentine economy.

At the end of 2008, the Argentine Government enacted a series of measures aimed at counteracting the decline in the level of economic activity, including special tax rates and less stringent foreign exchange restrictions in connection with the repatriation and national investment of capital previously deposited abroad by Argentine nationals, extensions in the payment terms for overdue taxes and social security taxes, reductions in payroll tax rates for companies that increase their headcounts, creation of theMinisterio de Producción (Ministry of Production), announcements regarding the construction of new public works, consumer loans for the acquisition of durable goods and loans to finance exports and working capital for industrial companies, as well as various agricultural and livestock programs, all aimed at minimizing lay-offs during the current global financial crisis.

In 2009, after six years of robust and continuous growth, the Argentine economy, according to official indicators, grew by only 0.1%, and according to private indicators, contracted by 3.5%.

According to official indicators, in 2011, real GDP in Argentina grew by approximately 8.4%, furthering the growth trend showed in 2010.

In 2012, according to the official information created and disseminated by the INDEC, the economy expanded 0.8%.

According to official indicators, Argentina’s real GDP grew around 2.9% in 2013, compared to 0.8% in 2012. In 2014, the economic activity grew by approximately 0.2%, compared to 2.9% in 2013.

Private consumption contracted by 0.8% in 2014. The weakening of the internal demand was the main factor in the contraction of the economy and can be explained in part by an increase in internal prices due to the financing of the fiscal imbalance by Central Bank to Treasury. In 2014, the public accounts contracted 1.2% of GDP compared to a contraction of 0.6% in 2013. The weaker performance of the private sector was mainly due to an increase in prices, the depreciation of the Peso a slowdown in credit extended to the private sector and a greater propensity in customers for saving in times of uncertainty.

In January 2014, the Peso lost approximately 19% of its value with respect to the U.S Dollar.

During 2015, the economy registered a positive growth, of approximately 2.5%. The level of activity was driven by the effect that the summer crop had on GDP growth in the second and third quarter, while during the last months of the year the economy showed a more moderate expansion.

In terms of supply, industrial production continued showing a poor performance, the exchange rate lagged, restrictions to import intermediate goods continued and, the deceleration of the main Argentine commercial partners’ growth and a weak domestic and external demand impacted on the performance of the manufacturing activity. In terms of expenses, consumption showed a good performance even though consumers continued acting with caution.

With reference to inflationary pressures, a significant deceleration in the increase of prices was observed during the first half of 2015, related with the high 2014 baseline. Throughout the last months of 2015, retail prices relatively picked up although the average growth rate was lower than that of the previous year.

On December 17, 2015, the Peso depreciated approximately 36% against the U.S. Dollar following the announcement of the lifting of a significant portion of exchange restrictions by the Macri administration (See “Item 3.— Key Information— Risk Factors—Factors Relating to Argentina—Fluctuations in the value of the Peso could adversely affect the Argentine economy, and consequently, our results of operations or financial condition”), which caused the Peso to U.S. Dollar exchange rate to reach Ps.13.40 to U.S.$1.00.

In 2016, the Argentine economy contracted by 2.2%. Although the economic activity showed a slight improvement during the last months of the year, 2016 is considered to be a recessive year.

The negative results may be explained by the deepening contraction in certain sectors that performed poorly in terms of activity. In this sense, during the second quarter of 2016, lower levels of agricultural production were exacerbated by a lower than expected harvest (affected by unusual rains), in addition to a large decline in construction activity and a decrease in retail sector activity. Industrial production also showed a weak performance.

In terms of inflation, the pace of growth of domestic prices accelerated during the first half of 2016 as a result of the increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar relative to the Peso in the official market. In addition, monthly price increases in the first half of 2016 were mainly related to an update of some regulated prices such as public utility tariffs (gas and electricity prices) and urban transport, mainly in the Buenos Aires metropolitan region. As of the third quarter of 2016, price increases began to decelerate as a result of the absence of new tariff increases, the stagnation of economic activity, the relative low price of the U.S. Dollar in the local market and the restrictive monetary policy, through high interest rates that sought to contain the currency pressure, drove the deceleration in inflation, which slowed to a monthly average of 1.1% in the July to September 2016 period. During the last quarter of 2016, the monthly inflation average was 1.7%, and the annual rate of increase in consumer prices ended the year slightly below 40%. The Macri administration announced the adoption of an inflation targeting regime to apply in parallel with the floating exchange rate regime and established inflation targets for the next four years. The Central Bank has increased intervention efforts in the foreign exchange market to reduce excess monetary imbalances and raised Peso interest rates to offset inflationary pressure. Since January 2017, the Central Bank started to use the seven-day repo reference rate as the anchor of its inflation targeting regime. LEBACs are used to manage liquidity. On December 28, 2017, the Central Bank announced its inflation targets for 2018, 2019 and 2020. The inflation target for 2018 is 15%, representing an increase compared to the Central Bank’s previous target range of 8%-12% for the same year. Inflation targets for 2019 and 2020 are 10% and 5.0%, respectively.

After the currency devaluation at the beginning of the Macri administration, the Central Bank changed to a flexible exchange market regime, which resulted in a unified foreign exchange system. In 2016, some modest depreciation pressure following Brexit in June and the U.S. election on November 8, 2016, caused the Peso to weaken, ending at Ps. 16.10 to U.S.$1.00 on December 31, 2016. By the end of the year, the Peso depreciated by approximately 20% against the U.S. Dollar.

Argentina’s economy grew by 2.8% during 2017, driven by an increase in private consumption, public spending and investment which counteracted the 2.2% contraction in 2016. The Argentine economy’s recovery is attributed to both external and domestic factors. The aforementioned external factors include, among others, an overall improvement of the Brazilian economy, which led to an increase in Argentina exports to Brazil. The aforementioned domestic factors include, among others, the growth in average wages, an increase in welfare and public works spending by the Argentine government and the increase in bank lending activity to the private sector, which stimulated consumption and private investment. However, the performance of the various sectors of the economy was varied. Sectors buoyed by the change in relative prices, by public works spending or by specific trade agreements, such as agriculture, construction and the automotive industry, respectively, recorded high growth rates during 2017. By contrast, those affected by the relaxation of import controls and the Peso’s appreciation, such as the textiles and electronics industries, continued their contraction.

Inflation, measured by its general level, declined by approximately 15%, from 40.5% in December 2016 to 24.8% in December 2017, having achieved the disinflation process simultaneously with the updating of some public services tariffs.

On the monetary policy front, the Central Bank formally instituted an inflation targeting regime, and established a new policy interest rate (the 7-day interbank repo rate). With a view to bringing inflation within the target band (between 12% and 17% for 2017), the monetary authority maintained a policy of high interest rates, which led to increased absorption of pesos through the placement of central bank bills (LEBAC) and repos; the policy interest rate followed an upward trend during the year, from 24.75% in January 2017 to 28.75% in December 2017.

The Central Bank maintained the free floating exchange rate and intervened in the foreign exchange market only at times of rapid rises. In this context, the nominal Ps./U.S.$ exchange rate increased by 17% during the year 2017. Although during the last days of 2017, the price of the US currency in the domestic exchange market was rising, the dollar closed December at levels around Ps./U.S.$ 18.00 (monthly average).

On the fiscal front, the fiscal policy had an expansionary thrust, based on a real increase in public spending. As a result of stronger growth in revenues as compared to expenditures, the primary deficit fell to 3.9% of GDP in 2017 (from 4.3% in 2016); after payment of interest on the debt, the fiscal outturn stood at 6.1% of GDP, above the 5.9% recorded in 2016. The fiscal deficit remained high, notwithstanding the policy of reducing subsidies for public services, the extraordinary revenues from the special tax under the capital legalization (or repatriation) programme, and the increase in tax receipts associated with greater economic activity.

The fiscal deficit and the current account deficit were financed by a marked increase in external borrowing in 2017, which also underpinned an increase in international reserves. The current account deficit widened in 2017, standing at 5.5% of GDP, as a result of higher imports of goods and services (reflecting the economic recovery and the reduction in import controls and tariff rates), as well as an increase in debt service payment obligations with respect to interest due on Argentina’s public external debt.

Outlook for 2018

If the current international economic environment continues, Argentina’s economy is forecasted to grow by approximately 3.0% during 2018. The pace of economic growth will depend on a sustained economic recovery of Argentina’s trading partners, particularly Brazil and its demand for Argentine exports, and on the positive trend in average family incomes and in private sector lending, as well as the Macri administration’s ability to continue implementing its fiscal and economic reforms. However, private consumption is expected to decelerate from 2017 levels due, in part, to persistent inflation. There can be no assurances that these favorable economic forecasts will come to pass as projected, if at all, and Argentina’s economic prospects remain subject to considerable risk and uncertainty.

Tariffs

Our revenues and margins are substantially dependent on the composition of our tariffs and on the tariff setting and adjustment process contemplated by our concession.

The following chart shows the variation in Edenor’s average tariffs, including taxes, in Pesos per MWh in the periods indicated:

Under the terms of our concession, our tariffs for all of our customers (other than customers in the wheeling system) are composed of:

· the cost of electric power purchases, which we pass on to our customers, and a fixed charge (which varies depending on the category and level of consumption of each customer and their energy purchase prices) to cover a portion of our energy losses in our distribution activities (determined by reference to a fixed percentage of energy and power capacity for each respective voltage level set forth in our concession);

· our regulated distribution margin, which is known as the value‑added for distribution, or VAD, and the fixed and variable charges of the Resolution No. 347/12, rendered ineffective since February 2017 by Resolution No. 63/17; and

· any taxes imposed by the Province of Buenos Aires or the City of Buenos Aires, which may differ in each jurisdiction.

Certain of our large users (which we refer to as wheeling system customers) are eligible to purchase their energy needs directly from generators in the WEM and to acquire from us only the service of delivering that electricity to them. Our tariffs for these large users (known as wheeling charges) do not include, therefore, charges for energy purchases. Accordingly, wheeling charges consist of the fixed charge for recognized losses (determined by reference to a fixed percentage of energy and power capacity for each respective voltage level set forth in our concession) and our distribution margin. As a result, although the amounts billed to wheeling system customers are relatively lower than those billed to other large users, namely industrial users, the distribution margin on sales to wheeling system customers is similar to that of other large users because we do not incur the corresponding cost of electric power purchases related to those sales.

Recognition of Cost of Electric Power Purchases

As part of our tariffs, we bill our customers for the costs of our electric power purchases, which include energy and capacity charges. In general, we purchase electric power at a seasonal price, which is approved by the ENRE every six months and reviewed quarterly. Our electric power purchase price reflects transportation costs and certain other regulatory charges (such as the charges imposed by theFondo Nacional de Energía Eléctrica-National Electricity Energy Fund-).

According to the current regulatory framework, the ENRE is required to adjust the seasonal price charged to distributors in the WEM every six months. However, between January 2005 and November 2008, the ENRE did not make these adjustments. In November 2008, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 628/08, which established new tariffs applied by Edenor as of October 1, 2008 (see “Tariffs—Distribution margin or value added for distribution (VAD)—Adjustment Agreement”) and modified seasonal prices charged to distributors, including the consumption levels that make up the pricing ladder. The pricing ladder set prices according to the following levels of consumption: bimonthly consumption up to 1,000 KWh; bimonthly consumption greater than 1,000 KWh and less than or equal to 1,400 KWh; bimonthly consumption greater than 1,400 KWh and less than or equal to 2,800 KWh; and bimonthly consumption greater than 2,800 KWh. In 2012, pursuant to Resolution No. 90688/2009, approximately 290,000 customers were exempted from paying the prices set forth by Resolution No. 628/2008 of the ENRE. In addition, the ENRE authorized us to pass through some regulatory charges associated with the electric power purchases to our customers, excluding residential customers with bi-monthly consumption levels below 1,000 KWh.

On November 7, 2011, through Resolution No. 1301/2011 of the SE, a new unsubsidized tariff scheme applicable to non-residential customers grouped together by certain economic activities came into effect. According to this new tariff scheme, depending on the final seasonal schedule for the period November 2011 and April 2012 for the Wholesale Electricity Market, the affected customers will pay an average price of Ps. 320/MWh as from December 2011.

On November 24, 2011, through joint Resolution No. 218 of the Undersecretary for Coordination and Management Control, Ministry of Planning and Resolution No. 799 of the Budget Undersecretary of Ministry of Finance of the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance, the removal of subsidies as from the January 1, 2012 applied to certain residential areas within the City of Buenos Aires, including the neighborhoods of Puerto Madero, Barrio Parque, Recoleta, portions of Palermo and certain closed community neighborhoods in the northern part of the Greater Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area.

On December 2, 2011, through joint Resolution No. 229 of the Undersecretary for Coordination and Management Control, Ministry of Planning and Resolution No. 810 of the Budget Undersecretary of Ministry of Finance of the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance, the removal of subsidies as from January 1, 2012 applied to certain high-end residential type buildings in the City of Buenos Aires and to certain public agencies pertaining to the Government of the City of Buenos Aires, as well as to the concessionaire of the highway network in the City of Buenos Aires.

On December 5, 2011, Resolution No. 1,537/11 of the SE implemented the Volunteer Waiver Form Subsidy.

On May 8, 2012, Resolution No. 2,883/12 of the SE instructed the Company to apply a methodology to stabilize the bills, in order to minimize the effects of the seasonal consumption of all the residential customers. The application of this methodology is optional for these costumers.

Average consumption is determined based on the consumption recorded for the last two-month consumption periods. The stabilization factor results from the difference between the aforementioned average consumption and the current two-month consumption period. This value is added to or subtracted from the two-month consumption period charges, and the result obtained is the amount to be paid before the applicable taxes. Adjustments to be made in accordance with the differences between average consumption and recorded consumption will be reflected in consumer bills for the last two-month consumption period of each calendar year. The differences that arose as a consequence of comparing the annual average consumption to the current two-month consumption period have been recorded at the end of each period in the trade receivables in the Statement of Financial Position account, crediting or debiting the account as applicable, depending on whether the annual average consumption is higher or lower than the current two-month consumption period. Resolution No. 7/16 repealed the stabilization factor.

During 2015, the customers who are not subsidized continued paying a monomial price of Ps. 320 /MWh, as set by Resolution No 324/08 of the SE.

On January 25, 2016, the ME&M issued Resolution No. 6/16, approving the seasonal WEM prices for each category of users for the period from February 2016 through April 2016. Such Resolution adjusted the seasonal prices as required by the regulatory framework. Energy prices in the spot market were set by CAMMESA, which determined the price to be charged by generators for energy sold in the spot market of the WEM on an hourly basis. The WEM prices result in the elimination of certain energy subsidies and a substantial increase in electricity rates for individuals. Resolution No. 6/16 introduced different prices depending on the categories of customers. Such resolution also contemplates a social tariff for residential customers who comply with certain consumption requirements, which includes a full exemption for monthly consumptions below or equal to 150 KWh and tariffs benefits for customers who exceed such consumption level but achieve a monthly consumption lower than that of the same period in the immediately preceding year.

The new prices established by such Resolution are fixed as follows: (1) for customers whose power demand exceeds 300 kw, the power reference price is 1,427 Ps./Mw-month and the electricity reference price is approximately 770 Ps./MWh (due to the differences established between the peak, rest and off-peak prices); (2) for customers whose power demand does not exceed 300 kw, the electricity reference price is 320 Ps./MWh.; (3) for customers whose power demand do not exceed 10kw (considered residential customers) who achieve an energy consumption saving between the 10% and 20% compared to the same period in the year 2015 (Stimulus Plan), the electricity reference price is 250 Ps./MWh; and for those whose energy consumption saving exceeds 20% compared to the same period in 2015, the reference price is 200 Ps./MWh; (4) for customers whose power demand does not exceed 10 kw (considered residential customers) and who have been granted the Social Tariff, the first 150 KWh consumed in the month are without charge. The energy consumption exceeding said level, but which at the same time is inferior or equal to the consumption incurred in the same period in 2015, obtain a reference price of 30 Ps./MWh. Finally, the energy consumption exceeding 150 KWh and which at the same time is superior to the consumption of the same period in 2015 obtain a reference price of 320 Ps./MWh.

On February 1, 2017, Resolution No. 20 – E/2017 dated January 27, 2017, of the SEE was published on the Official Gazette by means of which the Summer Seasonal Rescheduling for the WEM was approved corresponding to the period held between February 1 and April 30, 2017.

The new prices established were set as follows (taking the energy reference peak price for all cases): (1) for customers whose power demand exceeds 300 kw, the power reference price is 3,157 Ps./Mw-month and the electricity reference price is 1,070.11 Ps./MWh; (2) for customers whose power demand do not exceed 300 kw, the electricity reference price is 640 Ps./MWh.; (3) for customers whose power demand do not exceed 10 Kw (acknowledged as residential customers) who achieve an energy consumption saving between the 10% and 20% compared to the same period in the year 2015, electricity reference price is 480 Ps./MWh; and for those whose energy consumption saving exceeds 20% compared to the same period in 2015, the reference price is 320 Ps./MWh; (4) for customers whose power demand do not exceed 10 Kw (considered residential customers) and who have been granted the Social Tariff, the first 150 KWh consumed in the month are without charge. The energy consumption exceeding said level, but which at the same time is inferior or equal to the consumption incurred in the same period in 2015, obtain a reference price of 96 Ps./MWh. In those cases when the energy consumption exceeds 150 KWh, and at the same time it is superior to the consumption of the same period in 2015 but do not exceed the 450 KWh/month, the reference price is 320 Ps./MWh. Last, if the energy consumption exceeds 150 KWh and at the same time it is superior to the consumption in the same period in 2015 and exceeds 450 KWh/month, the reference price is 640 Ps./MWh. For all the reference prices mentioned, a differentiated reduction is included in the categories resulting from the power demand, exclusively for February 2017.

Resolution No. 20 – E/2017 incorporated a new category of consumer denominated “electricity-dependent customer”. An electricity dependent customer is a person who registers an extraordinary consumption of electrical energy by requiring special equipment and / or infrastructure for a disease diagnosed by a physician or needing a stable and permanent electrical service to meet medical needs within their home. The resolution established the provision of 600 KWh per month free of charge and an electricity reference price that varies according to the level of savings and demands registered compared to the previous month. In addition, it stipulates that as from February 2017, the maximum spot price for the approval of the WEM is 240 Ps./MWh and fixes the charge value corresponding to the National Fund for Electric Energy at 15.50 Ps./MWh.

In May 2017, Law No. 27,351 was passed, which guarantees the permanent and free of charge supply of electricity to those individuals who qualify as dependent on power for reasons of health to avoid risks in their lives or health. The law states that the account holder of the service or someone who lives with a person that is registered at the “Registry of Electricity Dependent for Reasons of Health” will be exempt from the payment of any and all connection fees and will benefit from a special free of charge tariff treatment for the electric power supply service.

In July 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 292 stating that those discounts are to be made as from the effective date of the aforementioned law, and instructed CAMMESA to implement those discounts in its billing to the distribution companies.

According to Executive Order 740 of the Executive Branch, dated September 20, 2017, the ME&M will be the Authority of Application of Law No. 27,351, whereas the Ministry of Health will be responsible for determining the minimum conditions necessary for being eligible for the “Registry of Electricity Dependent for Reasons of Health.”

On September 2017, the Ministry of Health issued Resolution No. 1,538-E/17, which creates the Registry of Electricity Dependent for Reasons of Health (“RECS”), within the orbit of the Ministry of Health, operating under the authority of the Under secretariat for the Management of Health Care Services.

On October 31, 2017, the ENRE informed by means of Note No 128.399, pursuant to the proceedings carried out by the ME&M, the decision to postpone to December 1st the application of the CPD increase foreseen in the RTI for November 1, 2017, as well as the application of the CPD update which should be made in August 2017.

Due to the deferring of the CPD increases, the ENRE informed by means of Resolution No. 603/17 a new tariff schedule to be applied in the December 2017- January 2018 period, to be offset by means of a retroactive adjustment and the not granted CPD’s updates and application mentioned before.

In addition, said schedule included the modification of seasonal prices, costs of transport and saving billings and bonuses according to the incentive plan established by means of SEE Resolution No 1091/17. By way of this resolution, the prices to be applied for the WEM for the period between December 1st and January 31st 2018, by keeping in 3,157 Ps./Mw per month the power output reference price and by differentiating the stabilized reference energy prices applied to customers with output power requirements over 300 kw in approximately (off-peak prices) 1,329 Ps./MWh, and for the remaining customers in 839 Ps./MWh. The saving billing of the incentive plan was modified, by establishing a 10% discount to the stabilized energy price for those residential customers who reduce the consumption in at least a 20% compared to the consumption registered on the same month in 2015, having removed saving categories between 10% and 20%. Moreover, a new application methodology for the social tariff was introduced.

Also, by means the said resolution, it was evidenced an increase in the transport prices of electric energy which were transferred to tariffs in 45.1 Ps./MWh.

On January 31, 2018, the ENRE by means of Resolution 33/18 approved the new tariff schedule which included the new prices to be applied in the WEM as from February 1, 2018. The power output reference price was maintained in 3,157 Ps./Mw per month and in 1,329 Ps./MWh (off-peak prices) the stabilized reference price of energy that is applied to customers with consumption over 300 kw power output and in 1,029 Ps./MWh for remaining customers.

We purchased a total of 21,964 GWh in 2017, 22,827 GWh in 2016 and 22,126 GWh in 2015 (excluding wheeling system demand). Until 2004, we purchased a portion of our energy needs under long-term supply contracts. Following the adoption of certain amendments to the pricing rules applicable to the WEM pursuant to the Public Emergency Law, however, we have purchased all of our energy supply in the WEM at the spot price ever since. We have not purchased any energy under long-term supply contracts since 2004.

Recognition of cost of energy losses

Energy losses are equivalent to the difference between energy purchased (including wheeling system demand) and energy sold. These losses may be classified as technical and non-technical losses. Technical losses represent the energy that is lost during transmission and distribution within the network as a consequence of natural heating of the conductors and transformers that transmit electricity from the generating plants to the customers. Non-technical losses represent the remainder of our energy losses and are primarily due to illegal use of our services. Energy losses require us to purchase additional electricity to satisfy demand and our concession allows us to recover from our customers the cost of these purchases up to a loss factor specified in our concession for each tariff category. Our loss factor under our concession is, on average, 10%. Our management is focused on taking the necessary measures to ensure that our energy losses do not increase above current levels because of their direct impact on our gross margins. However, due to the inefficiencies associated with reducing our energy losses below the level at which we are reimbursed pursuant to our concession (i.e., 10%), we currently do not intend to significantly lower our level of losses.

At the time of our privatization, our total energy losses represented approximately 30% of our energy purchases, of which more than two thirds were non-technical losses attributable to fraud and illegal use of our service. Beginning in 1992, we implemented a loss reduction plan (plan de disciplina del mercado, or market discipline plan) that allowed us to gradually reduce our total energy losses to 10% by 2000, with non-technical losses of 2.7%. However, beginning in mid-2001 and up until 2004, we experienced an increase in our non-technical losses, as the economic crisis eroded the ability of our customers to pay their bills, and in our technical losses in proportion to the increased volume of energy we supplied during those periods. Our total losses amounted to 17.1% in 2017, 17.0% in 2016 and 14.9% in 2015.

The following table sets forth our estimated breakdown between technical and non-technical energy losses experienced in our concession area in the last years.

	Year ended December 31,
	2017	2016	2015
Technical losses	8.8%	9.6%	10.0%
Non‑technical losses	8.3%	7.4%	4.9%
Total losses	17.1%	17.0%	14.9%

We expect that energy losses will be reduced by 2018, due to the installation of self-managed meters (Integrated Electricity Meter – “MIDE”) and an increase in anti-fraud control operations in those neighborhoods where fraud has historically been most likely to occur, as well as continuing such operations in gated communities, shopping malls, and new buildings. Concurrently with these efforts, our capital expenditure program includes investments to improve and update our network, which we believe will allow us to maintain our technical losses at current levels despite an overall increase in energy demand. For more information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Energy Losses.”

Distribution margin or value‑added for distribution (VAD)

Our concession authorizes us to charge a distribution margin for our services to seek to cover our operating expenses, taxes and amortization expenses and to provide us with an adequate return on our asset base.

Historical Overview of VAD.Our concession originally contemplated a fixed distribution margin for each tariff parameter with semiannual adjustments based on variations in the U.S. wholesale price index (67% of the distribution margin) and the U.S. consumer price index (the remaining 33% of the distribution margin). However, pursuant to the Public Emergency Law, all adjustment clauses in U.S. Dollars or other foreign currencies and indexation clauses based on foreign indexes or other indexation mechanisms included in contracts to be performed by the Argentine Government were revoked. As a result, the adjustment provisions contained in our concession are no longer in force and, from January 2002 through January 2007, we were required to charge the same fixed distribution margin in Pesos established in 2002, without any type of currency or inflation adjustment. These measures, coupled with the effect of accumulated inflation since 2002 and the devaluation of the Peso, have had a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operation and cash flows, leading us to record net losses.

Adjustment Agreement.On September 21, 2005, we entered into theActa Acuerdo sobre la Adecuación del Contrato de Concesión del Servicio Público de Distribución y Comercialización de Energía Eléctrica (Adjustment Agreement), an agreement with the Argentine Government relating to the adjustment and renegotiation of the terms of our concession. Because a new Minister of Economy took office thereafter, we formally re-executed the Adjustment Agreement with the Argentine Government on February 13, 2006 under the same terms and conditions originally agreed. The ratification of the Adjustment Agreement by the Argentine Government was completed in January 2007. Pursuant to the Adjustment Agreement, the Argentine Government granted us an increase of 28% in our distribution margin, which includes a 5% increase to fund specified capital expenditures we are required to make under the Adjustment Agreement. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital expenditures.” This increase was subject to a cap in the increase of our average tariff of 15%. Although this increase was applied to the distribution margin as a whole, the amount of the increase was allocated to our non-residential customers (including large users that purchase electricity in the wheeling system) only, which, as a result, experienced an increase in VAD greater than 28%, while our residential customers did not experience any increase in VAD. The increase was effective retroactively from November 1, 2005 and remained in effect until the approval of the new tariff scheme under the RTI, in February 2017.

The Adjustment Agreement also contemplated a cost adjustment mechanism for the transitional period during which the RTI process was being conducted. This mechanism, known as the Cost Monitoring Mechanism, or CMM, required the ENRE to review our actual distribution costs every six months (in May and November of each year). If the variation between our actual distribution costs and our recognized distribution costs (as initially contemplated in the Adjustment Agreement or, if adjusted by any subsequent CMM, the most recent distribution cost base established by a CMM) was 5% or more, the ENRE was required to adjust our distribution margin to reflect our actual distribution cost base. The ENRE’s review was based on our distribution costs during the six-month period ending two months prior to the date on which the ENRE was required to apply the cost adjustment mechanism (on May 1 and November 1) and any adjustment would become effective from such date. The CMM took into consideration, among other factors, the wholesale and consumer price indexes, exchange rates, the price of diesel and construction costs and salaries, all of which are weighted based on their relative importance to operating costs and capital expenditures. We could also request that the CMM to be applied at any time that the variation between our actual distribution costs and our then recognized distribution costs was at least 10% or more, and any adjustment to our distribution cost base that resulted from this CMM would become effective retroactively from the date we presented the CMM request to the ENRE.

On January 30, 2007, the ENRE formally approved our new tariff schedule reflecting the 28% increase in the distribution margins charged to our non-residential customers contemplated by the Adjustment Agreement. In addition, because the Adjustment Agreement is effective retroactively from November 1, 2005, the ENRE applied the CMM retroactively in each of May and November 2006, the dates in each year on which the ENRE is required to apply the CMM. In the May 2006 CMM, the ENRE determined that our distribution cost base had increased by 8.032% (compared to the distribution cost base originally recognized in the Adjustment Agreement), and, accordingly, approved an equivalent increase in our distribution margins effective May 1, 2006. This increase, when compounded with the 28% increase granted under the Adjustment Agreement, resulted in an overall 38.3% increase in our distribution margins charged to our non-residential customers. In the November 2006 CMM, the ENRE determined that our distribution cost base had increased by 4.6% (compared to our distribution cost base as adjusted by the May 2006 CMM), and accordingly, did not approve any further increase in our distribution margins at such time. The ENRE also authorized us to charge our non-residential customers the retroactive portion of these tariff increases for the period from November 2005 through January 2007, which amounted in the aggregate to Ps. 218.6 million and, at December 31, 2011, had been fully invoiced.

Between 2007 and 2016, we requested several CMM adjustments, which were recognized by the ENRE through different resolutions and notes (Resolution No. 1,037/07, Note No. 81,399, Resolution No. 250/13 and Resolution No. 32/15). Only two adjustments were recognized in a timely manner and were incorporated into the tariff structure, while the rest of them were recognized belatedly and not incorporated into our tariff structure.

On November 23, 2012, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 347/12, pursuant to which it established a fixed and variable charge differentiated by category of customers, which the distribution companies will collect on account of the CMM adjustments stipulated in clause 4.2 of the Adjustment Agreement, and will use exclusively to finance infrastructure and corrective maintenance of their facilities. Such charges, which were clearly identified in the bills sent to customers, were deposited in a special account to be managed by a Trustee. Such amounts were used exclusively to finance infrastructure and corrective maintenance of the facilities.

Pursuant to the SE’s Resolution No. 250/13 and Notes No. 6,852/13, No. 4,012/14, No. 486/14 and No. 1,136/14 of the SE, the Company was authorized to compensate its debt registered under the PUREE against CMM recognitions for the period from May 2008 through December 2014.

In addition, CAMMESA was instructed to issue sale settlements with maturity dates to be determined for the surplus generated after compensation between the credits of the CMM and the PUREE debts, to partially compensate the debt with the WEM. We were also entitled to deposit the remaining sale settlements with maturity dates to be determined in the trust created pursuant to ENRE’s Resolution No. 347/12. As of the date of this annual report, all the sale settlements with maturity dates to be determined issued by CAMMESA were compensated with PUREE debts or with Commercial debt with CAMMESA.

As from February 1, 2015, pursuant to Resolution No. 32/15 of the SE, PUREE funds were considered as part of Edenor’s income on account of the future RTI. We compensated up to January 31, 2015, the debts for PUREE, with claims arising from the calculation of CMM up to January 31, 2016, including the application of interest that could correspond to both concepts.

In January 2016, the ME&M issued Resolution No. 7/2016, pursuant to which the ENRE implemented a VAD adjustment to the tariff schedule on account of the future RTI in effect as of February 1, 2016, and took all the necessary actions to conclude the RTI process by February 2017.

In addition, such resolution: (i) abrogated the PUREE; (ii) repealed SE Resolution No. 32/15 as from the date the ENRE resolution implementing the new tariff schedule becomes effective; (iii) discontinued the application of mechanisms that imply the transfer of funds from CAMMESA in the form of loan agreements with CAMMESA; and (iv) ordered the implementation of the actions required to terminate the trusts created pursuant to ENRE Resolution No. 347/12. Resolution No. 2/16 of the ENRE partially repealed Resolution No. 347/12, discontinuing the FOCEDE and ordering the Company to open a special bank account with a Central Bank authorized entity where the funds received pursuant to Resolution No. 347/12 were deposited. Pursuant to ME&M Resolution No. 7/2016, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 1/2016 establishing a new tariff structure.

Integral Tariff Revision. During the year 2016, the Company, guided by the ENRE, complied with all the procedural obligations required to complete the RTI process set forth in the Adjustment Agreement, following ENRE’s guidance. The RTI process was completed on February 1, 2017, on which date the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/2017. Such resolution established a new tariff schedule which included a VAD maximum increase of 42% for February 2017, as well as two additional phase increases for the months of November 2017 and February 2018.

The following table sets forth the relative weight of our distribution margin in our average tariffs per category of customer (other than wheeling system, public lighting and shantytown customers) in our concession area at the dates indicated. Although the VAD and electric power purchases per category of customer are the same, we are subject to different taxes in the Province of Buenos Aires and the City of Buenos Aires.


	VAD
Tariff⁽¹⁾	November	January	February	October 2008	Res.1301	Res. 1	Res. 92/17	Res. 92/17	Res. 603/17	Res. 33/18
Tariff⁽¹⁾	2001	2005	2007	October 2008	2011⁽²⁾	2016	Feb. 2017	Mar. 2017	Dic. 2017	Jan. 2018
Residential
TIRI (0-300)	49.40%	44.50%	44.50%	44.69%	11.26%	30.63%	26.60%	19.07%	18.10%	18.23%
TIRI2 (301-650)	36.20%	33.00%	33.00%	30.81%	4.80%	15.40%	23.49%	16.54%	15.20%	15.31%
TIR# (651-800)				32.08%	4.55%	14.48%	26.66%	19.15%	17.74%	17.73%
TIR4 (801-900)				31.63%	4.32%	13.91%	29.46%	21.55%	20.08%	19.98%
TIR5 (90-1000)				32.75%	4.35%	14.04%	33.25%	24.91%	23.42%	23.20%
TIR6 (1001-1200)				26.29%	4.19%	15.98%	37.51%	28.95%	27.52%	27.09%
TIR 7 (1201-1400)				27.18%	3.98%	15.25%	41.21%	32.64%	32.80%	34.80%
TIR8 (1401-2800)				25.94%	4.81%	17.83%	45.69%	37.36%	40.50%	42.35%
TIR9 (> 2800)				22.50%	3.84%	14.81%	46.83%	38.62%	39.94%	40.79%

Commercial - small demands
TIG1	55.10%	40.00%	47.80%	48.76%	21.91%	53.18%	53.79%	45.89%	48.82%	47.19%
TIG2	53.60%	31.10%	43.60%	42.39%	15.97%	41.52%	52.94%	44.89%	47.86%	46.18%
TIG3				37.40%	9.13%	24.24%	52.74%	44.65%	47.54%	45.92%

Commercial - medium demand
T2	43.30%	27.90%	35.50%	38.03%	16.03%	44.80%	74.36%	74.36%	43.55%	43.41%

Industrial
T3 low voltage below 300kw	44.20%	26.50%	34.30%	37.86%	15.37%	43.74%	46.90%	37.97%	39.76%	39.59%
T3 low voltage over 300kw	42.60%	24.50%	32.10%	27.09%	11.99%	22.80%	23.80%	23.52%	27.24%	29.40%
T3 medium voltage below 300kw	29.30%	14.10%	19.70%	25.25%	8.46%	30.72%	30.38%	22.08%	23.59%	23.43%
T3 medium volgate over 300kw	27.30%	12.30%	17.50%	17.71%	7.09%	14.50%	13.19%	13.00%	15.44%	17.13%

Average Tariff	41.20%	28.50%	33.90%	33.16%	9.57%	28.33%	39.08%	32.46%	32.18%	32.41%


	Average Taxes
Tariff⁽¹⁾	November	January	February	October 2008	Res.1301	Res. 1	Res. 92/17	Res. 92/17	Res. 603/17	Res. 33/18
Tariff⁽¹⁾	2001	2005	2007	October 2008	2011⁽²⁾	2016	Feb. 2017	Mar. 2017	Dic. 2017	Jan. 2018
Residential
TIRI (0-300)	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%	28.70%
TIRI2 (301-650)	29.20%	29.20%	29.20%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR# (651-800)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR4 (801-900)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR5 (90-1000)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR6 (1001-1200)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR 7 (1201-1400)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR8 (1401-2800)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%
TIR9 (> 2800)				29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%	29.23%

Commercial - small demands
TIG1	25.70%	25.70%	25.70%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%
TIG2	25.60%	25.60%	25.60%	25.64%	25.64%	25.64%	25.64%	25.64%	25.64%	25.64%
TIG3				25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%

Commercial - medium demand
T2	25.60%	25.60%	25.60%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%	25.63%

Industrial
T3 low voltage below 300kw	25.70%	25.70%	25.70%	25.66%	25.66%	25.66%	25.66%	25.66%	25.66%	25.66%
T3 low voltage over 300kw	25.60%	25.60%	25.60%	25.62%	25.62%	25.62%	25.62%	25.62%	25.62%	25.62%
T3 medium voltage below 300kw	25.70%	25.70%	25.70%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%	25.68%
T3 medium volgate over 300kw	25.70%	25.70%	25.70%	25.69%	25.69%	25.69%	25.69%	25.69%	25.69%	25.69%

Average Tariff	27.20%	27.20%	27.20%	27.24%	27.24%	27.24%	27.24%	27.24%	27.24%	27.24%


	Electric Power Purchases
Tariff⁽¹⁾	November	January	February	October 2008	Res.1301	Res. 1	Res. 92/17	Res. 92/17	Res. 603/17	Res. 33/18
Tariff⁽¹⁾	2001	2005	2007	October 2008	2011⁽²⁾	2016	Feb. 2017	Mar. 2017	Dic. 2017	Jan. 2018
Residential
TIRI (0-300)	21.90%	26.80%	26.80%	26.61%	60.00%	40.65%	44.71%	52.23%	53.20%	53.07%
TIRI2 (301-650)	34.60%	37.80%	37.80%	39.95%	65.91%	55.33%	47.28%	54.23%	55.57%	55.45%
TIR# (651-800)				38.68%	66.15%	56.23%	44.11%	51.61%	53.02%	53.04%
TIR4 (801-900)				39.13%	66.39%	56.81%	41.30%	49.22%	50.68%	50.78%
TIR5 (90-1000)				38.02%	66.37%	56.69%	37.51%	45.86%	47.34%	47.56%
TIR6 (1001-1200)				44.48%	66.51%	54.73%	33.26%	41.81%	43.25%	43.67%
TIR 7 (1201-1400)				43.59%	66.73%	55.47%	29.55%	38.13%	37.96%	35.96%
TIR8 (1401-2800)				44.83%	65.89%	52.88%	25.08%	33.40%	30.27%	28.41%
TIR9 (> 2800)				48.26%	66.88%	55.92%	23.93%	32.15%	30.83%	29.98%

Commercial - small demands
TIG1	19.20%	34.30%	26.50%	25.55%	52.34%	21.11%	20.53%	28.43%	25.50%	27.13%
TIG2	20.70%	43.20%	30.70%	31.97%	58.29%	32.79%	21.42%	29.47%	26.50%	28.19%
TIG3				37.57%	65.12%	48.04%	21.63%	29.71%	26.82%	28.44%

Commercial - medium demand
T2	31.00%	46.40%	38.90%	36.34%	58.15%	29.47%	0.18%	0.29%	30.81%	30.95%

Industrial
T3 low voltage below 300kw	30.10%	47.80%	40.10%	36.48%	58.84	30.53%	27.44%	36.36%	34.58%	34.75%
T3 low voltage over 300kw	31.80%	49.90%	42.30%	47.29%	62.29	51.55%	50.58%	50.86%	47.14%	44.99%
T3 medium voltage below 300kw	45.00%	60.30%	54.60%	49.06%	65.73	43.51%	43.94%	52.24%	50.73%	50.88%
T3 medium volgate over 300kw	47.00%	62.00%	56.80%	56.60%	67.11	59.77%	61.11%	61.31%	58.87%	57.18%

Average Tariff	31.50%	44.20%	38.90%	39.60%	63.10%	44.38%	33.69%	40.30%	40.58%	40.35%

_______________________

(1) T1R1 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is less than or equal to 300 KWh. T1R2 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 300 KWh but less than 650 KWh. TIR3 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 650 KWh but less than 800 KWh. TIR4 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 800 KWh but less than 900 KWh. TIR5 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 900KWh but less than 1,000 KWh TIR6 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 1,000 KWh but less than 1,200 KWh. TIR7 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 1,200 KWh but less than 1,400 KWh. TIR8 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 1,400 KWh but less than 2,800 KWh. TIR9 refers to residential customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 2,800KWh. T1G1 refers to commercial customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is less than or equal to 1600 KWh. T1G2 refers to commercial customers whose peak capacity demand is less than 10 kW and whose bimonthly energy demand is greater than 1600 KWh but less than 4,000 KWh. T1G3 refers to commercial customers whose peak capacity demand is greater than 4,000 KWh. T2 refers to commercial customers whose peak capacity demand is greater than 10 kW but less than 50 KW. T3 refers to customers whose peak capacity demand is equal to or greater than 50 kW. The T3 category is applied to high-demand customers according to the voltage (tension) at which each customer is connected. Low tension is defined as voltage less than or equal to 1 kV and medium tension is defined as voltage greater than 1kV but less than 66 kV.

(2) (2) On November 7, 2011, the SE issued Resolution No. 1,301/11, which established the summer scheduling, eliminating Government grants to certain economic activities, which, in accordance with the provisions of the Resolution, are in conditions to pay the actual cost that needs to be incurred for being supplied with their demand of electricity. The removal of Government grants has been extended to residential customers, who were classified by geographical areas and type of residence. The modification related only to electricity purchase prices in the Wholesale Electricity Market, for which reason the Company's VAD (value added for distribution) remained almost unchanged.

Integral Tariff Revision (RTI).

An integral tariff proposal includes, among other factors, a recalculation of the compensation we receive for our distribution services, including taxes that are not currently passed onto our customers (such as taxes on financial transactions), a revised analysis of our distribution costs, modifications to our quality of service standards and penalty scheme and, finally, a revision of our asset base and rate of return.

On April 1, 2016, by means of Resolution No. 55/16 issued by ENRE, the RTI process was approved, which set the criteria and methodology to be applied throughout the RTI process, as well as the corresponding working plan.

On August 29, 2016, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 494/16, through which it approved a rate of return for the Company of 12.46% before taxes.

In connection with the terms set forth in Resolution No. 55/16, on September 5, 2016, we submitted our electricity rate schedule proposal for the next five year period. For purposes of the rate proposal, we:

· determined the capital base using for such purpose the depreciated NRV method;

· submitted the 2017-2021 investment plan;

· submitted a detail of the operating expenses; and

· submitted all other data requested by the ENRE.

On September 28, 2016, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 522/16 pursuant to which it called for a public hearing with the purpose of providing information and hearing to the public with respect to the tariff proposal submitted by us for the 2017-2021 period. Such public hearing was held on October 28, 2016.

As a result and following the completion of the RTI process, on February 1, 2017, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 63/2017. Through this resolution, the ENRE approved a new tariff scheme which set our new distribution added value (VAD) for the following five-year period. Such income was established by applying the NRV methodology, but over a slightly lower base capital than the one we had submitted in our proposal, reaching an amount of Ps. 34 billion. The difference is mainly explained by the fact that the ENRE excluded the fully depreciated assets from the regulatory net asset base submitted. Moreover, the ENRE stated that our acknowledged remuneration was Ps. 12.5 billion as of December 2015, which adjusted through February 2017, reached Ps. 17.2 billion.

In connection with our operating expenses, these were set based on a model that values the resources required for our operations, in line with a “model company” with competent operation costs, including some corrections resulting from the current inefficiencies detected in the company. In this regard, expenses were calculated annually based on the real network, by incorporating in each year the facilities needed to achieve the quality service required throughout the tariff period, with improvements in the facilities by increasing prevention related maintenance and projected investments, In this regard, the income requirements needed to cover the costs calculated for the 2017-2021 tariff period were established.

In relation to the new tariff schedule and tariff charges, the ENRE established a VAD increase in three stages, including an initial maximum increase of 42% to be applied as from February 1, 2017, and two subsequent increases in November 2017 (19%) and February 2018 (17%). In addition, the ENRE should acknowledge to the Company the difference in VAD resulting from the application of the gradual tariff increase recognized by the RTI in 48 installments as from February 1, 2018, which was incorporated to the VAD value on such date. Furthermore, the fixed charge billing corresponding to Resolution No. 347/12 was set aside.

The ENRE also established a non-automatic mechanism to adjust our tariff, as it had done in the original Concession Contract and the Adjustment Agreement, in order to preserve the economic and financial sustainability of the concession in the event of prices variations in the economy. This mechanism has a six-month basis and includes a combined formula of wholesale and consumer price indexes (WPI, CPI and salaries increases) which trigger the adjustment of tariff when the result is above 5%. In connection with quality standards, the ENRE approved new parameters with the purpose of achieving, by the end of the five-year period an acceptable quality. In this regard, it established a penalties regime to be applied in the event of noncompliance with the quality rates.

Despite the progress achieved with regard to the completion of the RTI process, as of this annual report, the definitive treatment to be given by the ME&M to all the issues resulting from the non-compliance with the Adjustment Agreement, including the remaining balances and other accounting effects caused by the partial measures adopted under the RTI process, has yet to be defined. These issues, include, among others:

· the conditions for the settlement of the balance outstanding with CAMMESA at the date of issuance of SEE Resolution No. 32/15; and

· the treatment to be given to the Penalties and Discounts determined by the ENRE, whose payment/crediting is pending.

During the second half of 2017 in several presentations made to the ENRE, the Company submitted for approval purposes, the electricity rate schedules to be applied from August 1, 2017 and from November 1, 2017, related to the variation recorded in the CPD for the January-June 2017 period, and to the second stage increase set forth in Resolution No. 63/17, respectively.

On October 31, 2017, the ENRE, as instructed by the ME&M, postponed to December 1, 2017 the application of the CPD increases abovementioned.

On November 30, 2017, through Resolution No. 603/17 the ENRE established the output power reference prices and the stabilized prices for energy and transport, as well as the new social tariff methodology and the new incentive schedule for savings, by determining the tariff schedule as of December 1, 2017.

On January 31, 2018, the ENRE issued Resolution No. 33/18 whereby it approved the values of CPD, the values of the monthly installment to be applied in accordance with the provisions of ENRE Resolution No. 329/17, and the values of the Company’s electricity rate schedule applicable to consumption recorded as of February 1, 2018. Additionally, it provided that the average electricity rate value amounts to 2.4627 Ps./KWh. Furthermore, such Resolution approved the new CPD adjustments (last stage of 17% according to Resolution No 63/17, the inflation adjustment of 11.9% for the period July-December 2017 and stimulus factor “E” of -2.51%) and determined the deferred income to be recovered in 48 instalments for a total amount of Ps. 6,343.4 million. Additionally, it reported that the value of the average tariff reached 2.4627 Ps./KWh.

Social Tariff Regime.According to the Adjustment Agreement, we will be required to apply a social tariff regime as part of our revised tariff structure resulting from the RTI. This regime is a system of subsidized tariffs for the poverty‑stricken sectors of the community to be approved by the ENRE in the context of the RTI. The social tariff regime will provide poverty‑stricken sectors of the community with the same service and quality of service as other users. The beneficiaries under this regime must register with the Argentine Government and meet certain criteria, including not owning more than one home and having a level of electricity consumption that is not higher than a maximum to be established by the Argentine Government.

In January 2016, through Resolution No. 6/16, the Argentine Government introduced a social tariff for residential customers who comply with certain consumption requirements, which includes a full exemption for monthly consumptions below or equal to 150 KWh and preferential tariffs for customers who exceed such consumption level but achieve a monthly consumption lower than that of the same period in the immediately preceding year.

Through Resolution No. 63/2017, the ENRE ratified this measure, maintaining the zero cost modality for monthly consumptions below or equal to 150 KWh and preferential tariffs for consumption that exceeds such level, updating the values in accordance with the new tariff scheme.

Resolution No 603/17 determined a new methodology for social tariff. It settled: (1) a 100% discount in the stabilized price of energy for monthly consumptions below or equal to 150 KWh (base consumption); for the monthly consumption above the base consumption, (2) a 50% discount in the stabilized price of energy for the monthly consumptions below or equal 150 KWh; and (3), non-discount for the rest of the surplus consumption. Moreover, a scheme of maximum percentages is established in social tariff customer’s invoices with respect to what would be paid, before taxes, by residential customers of equal consumption.

Demand

Energy demand depends to a significant extent on economic and political conditions prevailing from time to time in Argentina, as well as seasonal factors. In general, the demand for electricity varies depending on the performance of the Argentine economy, as businesses and individuals generally consume more energy and are better able to pay their bills during periods of economic stability or growth. As a result, energy demand is affected by Argentine Governmental actions concerning the economy, including with respect to inflation, interest rates, price controls, foreign exchange controls, taxes and energy tariffs.

The following table sets forth the amount of electricity generated in Argentina and our electricity purchases in each of the periods indicated.

Year	Electricity demand in Gwh⁽¹⁾	Edenor demand in Gwh⁽²⁾	Edenor’s demand as % of total demand
1995	57,839	11,629	20.1%
1996	61,513	12,390	20.1%
1997	66,029	13,046	19.8%
1998	69,103	13,768	19.9%
1999	71,689	14,447	20.2%
2000	75,591	15,148	20.0%
2001	78,098	15,414	19.7%
2002	76,483	14,865	19.4%
2003	82,261	15,811	19.2%
2004	87,477	16,673	19.1%
2005	92,340	17,623	19.1%
2006	97,590	18,700	19.2%
2007	102,950	20,233	19.7%
2008	105,959	20,863	19.7%
2009	104,592	20,676	19.8%
2010	110,767	22,053	19.9%
2011	116,418	23,004	19.8%
2012	131,944	23,933	18.1%
2013	125,162	24,902	19.9%
2014	126,397	24,860	19.7%
2015	132,020	26,322	19.9%
2016	132,950	26,838	20.2%
2017	132,213	25,950	19.6%

______________________

Source: CAMMESA

(1) Includes demand in the Mercado Eléctrico Mayorista Sistema Patagónico (Patagonia wholesale electricity market, or MEMSP).

(2) Calculated as electricity purchased by us and our wheeling system customers.

Electricity demand in our concession area has grown an average of 4% per annum since 1995. However, as described in more detail in the following paragraph, the evolution of demand shows five growth periods interrupted by a decline in demand.

Beginning in mid-2001 through 2002, the decline in the overall level of economic activity and the deterioration in the ability of many of our customers to pay their bills as a result of the crisis led to an overall decrease in demand for electricity and an increase in non-technical energy losses. After the economic crisis, however, demand started growing again, increasing an average of 4.3% per annum from 2003 through 2013. However, the demand for electricity declined 2.5% in 2009 as a consequence of the global financial crisis. This increase in demand was due to renewed growth in the Argentine economy since the second half of 2003 and the relative low cost of energy to consumers, in real terms, resulting from the freeze of our distribution margin and the elimination of the inflation adjustment provisions of our concession in 2002. In 2014, the demand decreased by 2% as a consequence of the devaluation that took place in the second semester of such year, while in 2016 a decrease of 1% was mainly due to the slight contraction in the economic activity of certain sectors, the implementation of rational use strategies by our larger commercial customers and to the Industrial Production Index decrease in the case of industrial customers, whose joint participation represents more than 50% of the electricity consumption in our concession area. In 2017, the decline in demand was more pronounced, decreasing by 3.6%, in line with the decrease in the demand of the MEMand can be explained by the combination of three factors: economic recession, elasticity to price (in accordance with the tariff increases settled by Resolution No 33/18) and warmer and more uniform average temperatures than in the prior five years. Nevertheless, industrial customers, whose participation represents 38% of the electricity consumption, showed the lowest decline in demand, of around 0.4%, in accordance with the recovery of the Industrial Production Index.

The small commercial category of customers registered a decrease in demand in 2002, but recovered slightly after the initial effects of the economic crisis due to the sensitivity of customers in this category to the economic status of their small businesses. The medium commercial category of customers has generally demonstrated the same volatility in demand as low-demand customers in recent years.

Public lighting demand has declined significantly over the past few years due to the introduction of low-consumption lighting. After having increased significantly in 2005, demand in shantytowns stabilized in 2006, remaining in line with historic growth levels, and was below the increase in demand for our low demand residential category of customers. However, overall demand in this category is relatively small in comparison to other larger categories of our customers. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Framework Agreement (Shantytowns)”

The Argentine Government has also implemented the PUREE in an attempt to curb increases in energy demand by offering rewards to residential and small commercial customers who reduce their energy usage in comparison to their use in 2003. In 2005, the Argentine Government implemented a second version of the PUREE (PUREE II), which rewards residential and small commercial customers based on their usage in 2003 and industrial customers based on their usage in 2004. The PUREE II also penalizes industrial customers whose usage exceeds 90% of the 2004 levels and penalizes residential customers with bi-monthly consumption levels at or above 300 KWh and small commercial customers whose usage exceeds 90% of their usage levels for 2003. Residential customers with consumption levels below 300 KWh are exempt from penalty. In spite of the PUREE and PUREE II, energy demand has continued to increase during the three years it has been in effect.

On October 31, 2008, the SE adopted Resolution No. 1,170/08, which excludes all the T1G, T2, T3 and T1R customers with bi-monthly consumption levels over and above 1,000 KWh from receiving PUREE reward payments.

On March 2, 2010, the SE adopted Resolution No. 45/2010, which revised the calculation of the coefficient used to reward T1R customers with consumption levels below 1,000 KWh. This resolution decreased the rewards that such users are entitled to receive.

On January 25, 2016, through Resolution No. 7/16 the ME&M abrogated the PUREE.

We cannot assure you that the tariffs that result from the RTI or future economic, social and political developments in Argentina, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect on energy demand in Argentina. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk factors—Risks related to the electricity distribution sector—Electricity demand may be affected by tariff increases, which may lead distribution companies, such as us, to record lower revenues.”

Capacity demand

Demand for installed capacity to deliver electricity generally increases with growth in demand for electricity. However, since the 2001 and 2002 crisis, with the exception of the two thermal generation plants described below, no new generation plants have been built in Argentina. However, the Argentine Government has implemented some economic incentives, such as those contained in thePlus EnergyProgram, which have served to increase generating capacity in existing generation plants such as Central Térmica Güemes and Central Loma de la Lata. A lack of generation capacity would place limits on our ability to grow and could lead to increased service disruptions, which could cause an increase in our fines. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk factors—Risks Relating to the Electricity Distribution Sector—If we experience continued energy shortages in the face of growing demand for electricity, our ability to deliver electricity to our customers could be adversely affected, which could result in customer claims, material penalties, Government intervention and decreased results of operations.”

In response to the lack of private investment in new generation plants, the Argentine Government undertook a project to construct two 800 MW thermal generation plants, Central Termoeléctrica Manuel Belgrano and Central Termoeléctrica General San Martín. Construction of these two plants was completed and operations commenced in 2009. The two plants were constructed with funds derived from three sources: net revenues of generators derived from energy sales in the spot market, a special charge to our non-residential customers per MWh of energy billed and a specific charge from CAMMESA applicable to large users. In addition to the construction of these two new thermal generation plants, in September 2006 the SE issued Resolution No. 1,281/06 in an effort to respond to the sustained increase in energy demand following Argentina’s economic recovery after the crisis. This resolution seeks to create incentives for energy generation plants to meet increasing energy needs. The Government has also required us to finance 24% and Edesur 26%, of the construction costs of two high-tension 220 kV lines between theCentral Puerto andCentral Costanera generators and theMalaver network, which provide access to an additional 600MW of energy from theCentral Puerto andCentral Costanera generators that currently cannot be distributed due to saturation of their grids. In May 2012, we finished the construction of the 220kV linking lines of the local generators Central Puerto and Central Costanera with Edenor network, through Malaver substations. This extension was decided by the Resolution No. 1,875/05 of the SE and it allows an increase in supply capacity by 600 MW from Central Puerto and Central Costanera generators. In December 2012, the third transformer of 300 MVA-220/132 kV was put into service in Malaver’s substation. During January 2017, a new temporary 500/132 kV transformer of 300 MVA was installed in SE Rodríguez, which allowed the entry of more power from the MEM. This transformer will be replaced by a definitive one of 500 MVA during 2018. In addition, during 2017 a new type of thermal generation (by means of transportable modules) has been directly connected to Edenor’s high voltage network, with the aim of decrease the saturation of these networks: CT Zappalorto (APR), CT Pilar (Pampa Energía S.A.), CT Matheu II (APR). As of the date of this annual report, CT Matheu is unavailable due to legal measures as a result of a claim initiated by the neighbors.

We cannot assure you that these new generation plants will be able to serve our energy demands in the manner we anticipate.

Seasonality of Demand

Seasonality has a significant impact on the demand for electricity in our concession area, with electricity consumption peaks in summer and winter. The impact of seasonal changes in demand is registered primarily in our residential and small commercial customer categories. The seasonal changes in demand are attributable to the impact of various climatological factors, including weather and the amount of daylight time, on the usage of lights, heating systems and air conditioners.

The impact of seasonality on industrial demand for electricity is less pronounced than on the residential and commercial sectors, primarily because different types of industrial activity by their nature have different seasonal peaks, such that the climatic effect is more varied. The chart below shows seasonality of demand in Edenor’s residential customer category for the periods indicated.

The chart below shows seasonality of demand in Edenor’s small commercial customer category for the periods indicated.

The chart below shows seasonality of demand in Edenor’s medium commercial customer category for the periods indicated.

The chart below shows seasonality of demand in Edenor’s industrial customer category for the periods indicated.

Taxes on Electricity Tariffs

Sales of electricity within our service area are subject to certain taxes, levies and charges at the federal, provincial and municipal levels. These taxes vary according to location and type of user. In general, residential and Governmental users are subject to a lower tax rate than commercial and industrial users. Similarly, taxes are typically higher in the Province of Buenos Aires than in the City of Buenos Aires. All of these taxes are billed to our customers along with electricity charges.

Framework Agreement (Shantytowns)

Since 1994, we have supplied electricity to low-income areas and shantytowns within our concession area under a special regime established pursuant to a series of framework agreements. For a discussion of these agreements and our ongoing negotiations to extend the most recent framework agreement, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Framework Agreement (Shantytowns).”

Operating Expenses

Our most significant operating expenses are transmission and distribution expenses, which include depreciation charges, salaries and social security taxes, outsourcing, fines and penalties, and purchases of materials and supplies, among others.

We seek to maintain a flexible cost base by achieving an optimal level of outsourcing, which allows us to respond more quickly to changes in our market. We had 4,789 employees and contracts with third-party services companies that count with 5,477 employees as of December 31, 2017. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Employees.”

Our principal material and supply expenses consist of purchases of wire and transformers (i.e., electromagnetic devices used to change the voltage level of alternating‑current electricity), which we use to maintain our network.

Summary of Historical Results of Operations

The following table provides a summary of our operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Statement of comprehensive income (loss)*

	2017	2017	2016	2015
	US$	Ps.	Ps .	Ps.
Continuing operations
Revenue from sales (1)	1.305,2	24.340,0	13.079,6	3.802,2
Electric power purchases	(687,7)	(12.825,6)	(6.060,3)	(2.022,0)
Subtotal	617,5	11.514,4	7.019,3	1.780,2
Transmission and distribution expenses	(258,9)	(4.828,9)	(6.147,2)	(3.153,7)
Gross income (Loss)	358,6	6.685,5	872,1	(1.373,5)
Selling expenses	(111,5)	(2.078,9)	(1.616,7)	(832,8)
Administrative expenses	(77,8)	(1.450,6)	(1.162,3)	(706,1)
Other operating income			87,2	79,2
Other operating expense	(35,5)	(661,4)	(463,9)	(502,5)
Income from non-reimbursable customer
contributions	-	-	0,8	0,8
Operating profit (loss) before SE Resolution 250/13
and subsequent Notes	133,8	2.494,6	(2.283,0)	(3.334,9)
Recognition of income – provisional remedies –
MEyM Note 2016-04484723	-	-	1.125,6	-
Income recognition on account of the RTI - SE
Resolution 32/15	-	-	419,7	5.025,1
Higher costs recognition - SE Resolution 250/13 and
subsequents Notes	-	-	81,5	551,5
Operating (loss) profit	133,8	2.494,6	(656,1)	2.241,7
Financial income	14,6	272,3	196,8	96,2
Financial expenses (2)	(82,7)	(1.541,5)	(1.444,9)	(450,0)
Other financial expense	(5,5)	(101,9)	(27,5)	(561,7)
Net financial expense	(73,6)	(1.371,1)	(1.275,6)	(915,5)
Profit (loss) before taxes	60,2	1.123,5	(1.931,7)	1.326,2
Income tax	(23,7)	(441,2)	743,1	(183,8)
(Loss) profit for the year from continuing operations	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4
Discontinued operations			-	-
(Loss) profit for the year	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4
(Loss) profit for the year attributable to:
Owners of the Company	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4
Non-controlling interests	-	-	-	-
Profit (Loss) for the year	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4
Profit (Loss) for the year attributable to the owners of
the parent
Continuing operations	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-
	36,5	682,3	(1.188,7)	1.142,4


	2017	2017	2016	2015
	US$	Ps.	Ps.	Ps.
Other comprehensive income
*Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss*
Results related to benefit plans	0,8	14,0	7,8	(3,7)
Tax effect of actuarial (losses) income on benefit plans	(0,3)	(4,9)	(2,7)	1,3
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	0,5	9,1	5,1	(2,4)
Comprehensive income for the year attributable to:
Owners of the parent	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0
Comprehensive (loss) income for the year	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0
(Loss) profit for the year attributable to the owners of
the parent
Continuing operations	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0
Discontinued operations	-	-	-	-
	37,1	691,3	(1.183,6)	1.140,0
Basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share:

Positive
Negative
Uncertain
Constraining
Legalese
Litigous
Readability	H.S. freshman Avg

Empresa Distribuidora y Comercial Norte (EDN) 20-F2017 FY Annual report (foreign)

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