Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Organization and Nature of Operations. Adesto Technologies Corporation (together with its subsidiaries; “Adesto”, “we”, “our”, “us” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of California in January 2006 and reincorporated in Delaware in October 2015. We are a leading provider of innovative, application-specific semiconductors and systems for the Internet of Things era. Our corporate headquarters are located in Santa Clara, California. On May 9, 2018 we acquired 100% of the issued capital of S3 Asic Semiconductors Limited and on September 14, 2018 we acquired 100% of the issued capital of Echelon Corporation. Our financial results include the operating results of those entities from the date of acquisition. Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10‑Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP to complete annual consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company and its results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019, for any other interim period or for any other future year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, but does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2019. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of our operations, and the operations of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. There have been no material changes to our significant accounting policies described in Note 1, Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018 that have had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes, except as described below. Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. As part of the FASB's disclosure framework project, it has eliminated, amended and added disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of, and reasons for, transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy of timing of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. Public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public entities for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of any interim or annual reporting period. This ASU will have an impact on the Company's disclosures. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This ASU eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This ASU is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of this ASU, but anticipates that the adoption will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU requires instruments measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Entities are also required to record allowances for available-for-sale debt securities rather than reduce the carrying amount. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company expects that the adoption will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements. Adoption of ASC 842: We adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”), as of January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach. The modified retrospective approach provides a method for recording existing leases at the beginning of the period of adoption. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed us to carry forward the historical lease classification and we elected the hindsight practical expedient to determine the lease term for existing leases. We determined that most renewal options would not be reasonably certain in determining the expected lease term. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of right of use assets of $4.9 million and lease liabilities of $7.0 million and eliminating deferred rent of $2.4 million, as of January 1, 2019. The standard did not have an impact on our consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The effect of the changes made to our consolidated January 1, 2019 balance sheet for the adoption of the new lease standard was as follows (in thousands): Balance as of Adjustments Balance as of December 31, Due to January 1, 2018 ASC 842 2019 Operating lease right-of-use assets $ — $ 4,877 $ 4,877 Total assets $ 137,188 $ 4,877 $ 142,065 Operating lease liabilities, current $ — $ 1,116 $ 1,116 Operating lease liabilities, non-current $ — $ 5,917 $ 5,917 Deferred rent $ 2,404 (2,404) — Total liabilities $ 74,446 $ 4,629 $ 79,075 Accumulated deficit $ (121,284) $ 248 $ (121,036) Total stockholders' equity $ 62,742 $ 248 $ 62,990 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 137,188 $ 4,877 $ 142,065 Revenue Recognition. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Sales of products with alternative use account for the majority of our revenue and are recognized at a point in time, the timing of such recognition remained the same under Topic 606. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by us from a customer and deposited with the relevant government authority, are excluded from revenue. Our revenue arrangements do not contain significant financing components. Revenue is recognized over a period of time when it is assessed that performance obligations are satisfied over a period rather than at a point in time. When any of the following criteria is fulfilled, revenue is recognized over a period of time: (a) The customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the performance as Adesto performs. (b) Adesto’s performance creates or enhances an asset (for example, work in process) that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced. (c) Adesto’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use, and Adesto has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. If revenue is recognized over a period of time, we would then select an appropriate method for measuring progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, usually costs incurred to date relative to the total expected costs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation. Typically, our revenue is recognized at a point in time. Sales to certain distributors are made under arrangements which provide the distributors with price adjustments, price protection, stock rotation and other allowances under certain circumstances. These adjustments and allowances are accounted for as variable consideration. We estimate these amounts based on the expected amount to be provided to customers and reduce revenue recognized. We believe that there will not be significant changes to our estimates of variable consideration. If a customer pays consideration, or Adesto has a right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional before we transfer a good or service to the customer, those amounts are classified as deferred income/ advances received from customers which are included in other current liabilities or other long-term liabilities when the payment is made or it is due, whichever is earlier. If the arrangement includes variable contingent consideration, we recognize revenue over time if we can reasonably measure its progress, or we are capable of providing reliable information that would be required to apply an appropriate method of measuring progress. To date, we have not had any arrangements incorporating contingent consideration. Sales commissions are owed and are recorded at the time of sell through of our products to end customers. These costs are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses. The Company has entered into, and will continue to enter into, development agreements. Typically, revenue is recognized over time on a percentage of completion basis based on resources expended to date as compared to budgeted resources. Cost associated with these contracts can be classified as cost of revenue or research and development expense depending on the terms of the contract. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. Timing of Revenue Recognition. Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 (in thousands) Products transferred at a point in time $ 26,023 $ 18,250 $ 76,480 $ 49,748 Products and services transferred over time 6,005 3,677 13,817 5,664 $ 32,028 $ 21,927 $ 90,297 $ 55,412 The following table reflects the changes in our contract assets, which we classify as accounts receivable, unbilled and our contract liabilities which we classify as deferred revenue: September 30, December 31, 2019 2018 Change (in thousands) Contract assets: Accounts receivable, unbilled $ 3,863 $ 751 $ 3,112 Contract liabilities: Deferred revenue $ 649 $ 1,848 $ (1,199) Accounts receivable, unbilled represents revenue recognized on certain development contracts for which invoicing has not yet occurred based on the terms of the development contract. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had $3.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively, classified as unbilled accounts receivable within accounts receivable. Deferred revenue represents amounts invoiced to customers for certain development contracts for which revenue has yet to be recognized based on actual development hours performed. Typically, the timing of invoicing is based on the terms of the contract. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had $0.6 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of deferred revenue classified as accrued expenses and other current liabilities. Reclassifications. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications did not result in any change in previously reported total assets, stockholders’ equity or net loss. Use of Estimates. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate those estimates, including those related to allowances for doubtful accounts, price adjustments and other revenue reserves, warranty accrual, inventory write-downs, valuation of long-lived assets, including property and equipment and identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, loss on purchase commitments, valuation of deferred taxes and contingencies. In addition, we use assumptions when employing the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of stock options granted and Monte Carlo simulation techniques to value certain restricted stock units with market-based vesting conditions. We base our estimates of the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, when these carrying values are not readily available from other sources. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Product Warranty. Our non-volatile memory (“NVM”) products are sold with a limited warranty for a period of one year, warranting that the product conforms to specifications and is free from material defects in design, materials and workmanship. To date, we have had insignificant returns of any defective production parts. During 2018 and the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we did not record any additional liability related to potential warranty claims. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the warranty accrual related to NVM products was $51,000 and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. At the time of the Echelon acquisition we recorded a warranty liability of $401,000 related to Echelon products. During 2018 and the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the warranty liability increased by $53,000 and decreased by $1,000, res pectively . As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the warranty accrual related to Echelon products was $453,000 and $454,000, respectively, and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Foreign Currency Translation. The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the local currency. In consolidation, we translate assets and liabilities at exchange rates in effect at the consolidated balance sheet date. We translate revenue and expense accounts at the average exchange rates during the period in which the transaction takes place. Net gains and losses from foreign currency translation of assets and liabilities were losses of $299,000 and $148,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $383,000 and $65,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are included in the cumulative translation adjustment component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, a component of stockholders’ equity. Net gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency were gains of $181,000 and $9,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and a gain of $31,000 and a loss of $1,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are included in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Concentration of Risk. Our products are primarily manufactured, assembled and tested by third-party foundries and other contractors in Asia and we are heavily dependent on a single foundry in Taiwan for the manufacture of wafers and a single contractor in the Philippines for assembly and testing of our products. We do not have long-term agreements with either of these suppliers. A significant disruption in the operations of these parties would adversely impact the production of our products for a substantial period of time, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, investments and accounts receivables. We place substantially all of our cash and cash equivalents and investments on deposit with a reputable, high credit quality financial institution in the United States of America. We believe that the bank that holds substantially all of our cash and cash equivalents and investments is financially sound and, accordingly, subject to minimal credit risk. Deposits held with the bank may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. We generally do not require collateral or other security in support of accounts receivable. We periodically review the need for an allowance for doubtful accounts by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, the age of the accounts receivable balances and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. The allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $60,000 and $30,000, respectively. Customer concentrations as a percentage of revenue, net were as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2019 2018 2019 2018 Customer A * 20 % 17 % 21 % Customer B 23 % * 12 % * * Customer concentrations as a percentage of gross accounts receivable were as follows: September 30, December 31, 2019 2018 Customer B 28 % 13 % |