Xinyuan Real Estate (XIN) 20-F 30 Mar 16 2015 FY Annual report (foreign) Financial data

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015shares
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.
Entity Central Index Key	1,398,453
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Document Type	20-F
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2015
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,015
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	142,802,936

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 387,528,092	$ 140,494,754
Restricted cash	363,137,210	368,874,458
Short-term investments	1,244,646	6,008,477
Accounts receivable	42,040,320	15,456,502
Other receivables	147,651,234	134,818,502
Restricted deposit	0	69,357,738
Deposits for land use rights	46,199,335	299,739,435
Other deposits and prepayments	254,048,288	152,289,464
Advances to suppliers	50,534,250	29,786,612
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217
Real estate properties development completed	24,076,559	12,308,999
Real estate properties under development (including real estate properties under development of the consolidated variable interest entities ("Consolidated VIEs") to be used only to settle obligations of the VIEs of US$548,404,278 and US$321,477,961 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	1,887,321,801	1,714,575,052
Amounts due from related party	58,630,172	125,374,349
Amounts due from employees	350,919	50,057
Other current assets	200,891	139,043
Total current assets	3,262,963,717	3,070,458,659
Real estate properties held for lease, net	71,132,582	69,223,748
Deposits for land use rights	107,798,448	0
Property and equipment, net	39,323,322	46,475,725
Other long-term investment	31,107,552	241,648
Investment in joint ventures	6,124,827	4,225,629
Deferred tax assets	15,488,557	13,641,608
Deferred charges	12,504,255	16,677,352
Other assets	14,944,179	10,581,865
TOTAL ASSETS	3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and notes payable (including accounts payable and notes payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$40,259,520 and US$51,564,352 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	471,175,849	351,505,821
Short-term bank loans and other debt (including short-term bank loans and other debt of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$65,370,159 and nil as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	222,226,246	293,449,741
Customer deposits (including customer deposits of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of nil and US$11,510,875 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	64,451,511	107,163,398
Income tax payable (including income tax payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$517,631 and US$9,011,064 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	106,034,490	62,429,274
Deferred tax liabilities (including deferred tax liabilities of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$125,420 and nil as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	57,692,275	91,202,159
Other payables and accrued liabilities (including other payables and accrued liabilities of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$5,769,652 and US$9,884,086 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	106,126,369	74,088,090
Payroll and welfare payable (including payroll and welfare payable of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$1,744,275 and US$2,017,480 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	22,966,053	18,456,857
Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt (including current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$208,789,155 and US$122,890,230 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	594,834,196	586,841,245
Current maturities of capital lease obligations	3,065,612	3,010,201
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	2,309,967	4,486,027
Total current liabilities	1,650,882,568	1,592,632,813
Long-term bank loans (including long-term bank loans of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$13,074,032 and nil as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	13,859,800	52,296,127
Deferred tax liabilities	13,500,239	9,825,083
Unrecognized tax benefits	17,842,283	14,005,004
Other long-term debt (including other long-term debt of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of US$69,050,361 and US$65,603,055 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	910,007,958	576,204,491
Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities	18,111,007	23,499,642
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests (including mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests of the Consolidated VIEs without recourse to the primary beneficiary of nil and US$615,991 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, respectively)	1,231,982	2,451,381
Total liabilities	$ 2,625,435,837	$ 2,270,914,541
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' equity
Common shares, US$0.0001 par value:Authorized-500,000,000 shares; shares issued and outstanding-142,802,936 shares as of December 31, 2015 (December 31, 2014: 147,019,802 shares)	$ 15,835	$ 15,831
Treasury shares	(24,045,440)	(20,696,268)
Additional paid-in capital	531,233,336	530,670,112
Statutory reserves	80,049,764	72,829,487
Retained earnings	317,765,089	273,254,963
Accumulated other comprehensive income	30,951,837	104,557,008
Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders' equity	935,970,421	960,631,133
Non-controlling interest	(18,819)	(19,440)
Total equity	935,951,602	960,611,693
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 3,561,387,439	$ 3,231,526,234

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Real estate properties under development	$ 1,887,321,801	$ 1,714,575,052
Accounts payable and notes payable	471,175,849	351,505,821
Short-term bank loans and other debt	222,226,246	293,449,741
Customer deposits	64,451,511	107,163,398
Income tax payable	106,034,490	62,429,274
Deferred tax liabilities	57,692,275	91,202,159
Other payables and accrued liabilities	106,126,369	74,088,090
Payroll and welfare payable	22,966,053	18,456,857
Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt	594,834,196	586,841,245
Long-term bank loans	13,859,800	52,296,127
Other long-term debt	910,007,958	576,204,491
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	$ 1,231,982	$ 2,451,381
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	142,802,936	147,019,802
Common stock, shares outstanding	142,802,936	147,019,802
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary, Aggregated Disclosure [Member]
Real estate properties under development	$ 321,477,961	$ 548,404,278
Accounts payable and notes payable	51,564,352	40,259,520
Short-term bank loans and other debt	0	65,370,159
Customer deposits	11,510,875	0
Income tax payable	9,011,064	517,631
Deferred tax liabilities	0	125,420
Other payables and accrued liabilities	9,884,086	5,769,652
Payroll and welfare payable	2,017,480	1,744,275
Current portion of long-term bank loans and other debt	122,890,230	208,789,155
Long-term bank loans	0	13,074,032
Other long-term debt	65,603,055	69,050,361
Mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests	$ 615,991	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Revenue:
Real estate sales, net of sales taxes of US$52,090,833 in 2013, US$53,185,957 in 2014 and US$67,023,202 in 2015		$ 1,134,466,776	$ 892,825,892	$ 874,926,633
Real estate lease income		6,573,263	4,936,186	5,989,766
Other revenue		23,283,959	21,985,595	16,821,657
Total revenue		1,164,323,998	919,747,673	897,738,056
Costs of revenue:
Cost of real estate sales		(866,242,863)	(650,573,170)	(590,935,635)
Cost of real estate lease income		(3,956,322)	(3,173,215)	(1,596,231)
Other costs		(21,134,707)	(23,835,732)	(6,208,324)
Total costs of revenue		(891,333,892)	(677,582,117)	(598,740,190)
Gross profit		272,990,106	242,165,556	298,997,866
Selling and distribution expenses		(52,126,074)	(39,493,575)	(20,724,181)
General and administrative expenses		(115,329,011)	(105,622,486)	(64,498,306)
Operating income		105,535,021	97,049,495	213,775,379
Interest income		24,503,736	14,577,322	11,681,487
Interest expense		(20,281,416)	(28,200,767)	(16,862,532)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		0	(9,848,931)	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments		603,078	3,128,014	0
Unrealized gain on short-term investments		49,443	122,033	0
Exchange gains		403,286	706,108	0
Other income		5,945,120	3,212,606	1,538,968
Share of (loss)/gain of equity investee		2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Income from operations before income taxes		118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
Income taxes		(52,511,318)	(30,557,618)	(83,659,850)
Net income		66,481,585	48,496,365	126,356,264
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		522	19,365	0
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders		$ 66,482,107	$ 48,515,730	$ 126,356,264
Earnings per share:
Basic		$ 0.47	$ 0.32	$ 0.87
Diluted		$ 0.45	$ 0.29	$ 0.85
Shares used in computation:
Basic	[1]	142,625,427	151,935,765	145,733,028
Diluted		146,487,949	177,118,235	149,464,556
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax of nil
Foreign currency translation adjustments		$ (73,604,028)	$ (3,354,027)	$ 25,910,940
Comprehensive income		(7,122,443)	45,142,338	152,267,204
Less: comprehensive loss/(income) attributable to non-controlling interest		(621)	19,440	0
Comprehensive income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders		$ (7,123,064)	$ 45,161,778	$ 152,267,204
[1]	The restricted shares repurchased by the trustee that are unvested are excluded from the number of shares outstanding for purposes of computing basic earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260. However, these unvested restricted shares are factored into the computation of diluted earnings per share using the treasury stock method.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COM5

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income Statement [Abstract]
Real estate sales taxes	$ 67,023,202	$ 53,185,957	$ 52,090,833
Other comprehensive income, tax effect	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 66,481,585	$ 48,496,365	$ 126,356,264
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	8,751,664	6,998,122	3,137,122
Stock-based compensation expenses	3,774,826	2,736,313	427,989
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense	(25,580,665)	9,437,344	(24,396,928)
Amortization of deferred charges	2,378,767	1,620,695	640,565
Share of loss/(income) in an equity investee	(2,234,635)	1,691,897	117,188
Exchange gains	(403,286)	(706,108)	0
Changes in unrecognized tax benefit	4,150,919	(2,228,532)	7,083,038
Loss on extinguishment of debt (Note 12)	0	9,848,931	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	(603,078)	(3,128,014)	0
Unrealized gain on short-term investments	(49,443)	(122,033)	0
Proceeds from disposal of short-term investments	26,524,907	76,528,665	0
Purchase of short-term investments	(21,363,193)	(79,264,198)	0
Others	(38,195)	166,750	70,061
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(28,650,522)	(6,932,612)	(5,271,522)
Real estate properties held for sale	1,185,217	4,338,824	5,667,159
Real estate properties development completed	(9,357,412)	8,932,570	2,337,904
Real estate properties under development	(23,151,082)	(762,186,342)	13,062,014
Real estate properties held for lease	(9,197,390)	(11,052,625)	(37,843,406)
Advances to suppliers	(24,573,309)	(14,484,990)	(3,888,968)
Other receivables	(21,400,932)	(124,825,380)	18,068,583
Deposits for land use rights	(94,952,534)	(3,411,626)	(247,456,209)
Other deposits and prepayments	(114,766,016)	(48,556,579)	(50,252,524)
Other current assets	656,158	(138,513)	162,309
Amounts due from related party	62,518,780	(124,099,452)	(807,019)
Amounts due from employees	(316,946)	8,921	77,030
Other assets	(4,328,591)	(4,427,986)	(305,640)
Accounts payable	144,250,668	157,267,231	(54,094,569)
Customer deposits	(38,092,541)	32,027,383	23,156,867
Income tax payable	49,189,884	(58,549,759)	42,740,736
Other payables and accrued liabilities	38,869,980	842,663	(40,364,427)
Payroll and welfare payable	5,791,340	(1,142,361)	9,604,240
Accrued interest	0	0	(1,352,000)
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,535,075)	(884,314,436)	(213,324,143)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Disposal of properties held for lease and property and equipment	8,992	39,011	831,029
Purchase of property and equipment	(2,477,039)	(5,932,847)	(3,481,806)
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired (Note 9)	0	(9,997,800)	(91,342,920)
Acquisition of other long-term investment	32,681,875	0	0
Interests in an equity investee	0	0	(5,967,905)
Proceeds from disposal of available-for-sale securities	6,284,380	0	0
Purchase of available-for-sale securities	(6,137,451)	0	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(35,002,993)	(15,891,636)	(99,961,602)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	48,400	1,080,530	5,060,918
Issuance of treasury shares	0	0	32,792,232
Purchase of shares under Restricted Stock Unit ("RSU") plan	(3,259,998)	(7,042,725)	0
Purchase of treasury shares (Note 19)	(3,349,172)	(17,610,787)	(5,767,159)
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,703)	(15,288,919)	(14,724,740)
(Increase)/decrease in restricted cash	53,913,283	(177,026,061)	(98,268,476)
Repayments of short-term bank loans and current portion of long-term bank loans	(576,757,761)	(63,657,978)	(269,462,794)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans and current portion of long-term bank loans	584,233,410	483,446,420	80,831,640
Repayment of long-term bank loans	(38,540,493)	0	(8,070,189)
Proceeds from long-term bank loans	8,029,269	52,096,830	146,877,442
Repayment of other short-term debt	(169,096,413)	0	(29,200,000)
Proceeds from other short-term debt	8,511,026	162,802,592	0
Repayment of other long-term debt	(17,854,351)	(122,973,761)	(40,000,000)
Proceeds from other long-term debt	485,351,457	175,592,700	608,703,539
Capital lease payments	(3,966,658)	(2,765,286)	(5,274,409)
Repayment of mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interest	(4,408,069)	0	0
Proceeds from mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interest	1,284,683	6,910,970	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt (Note 12)	0	(9,848,931)	0
Deferred charges	(3,104,812)	(10,649,965)	(9,585,309)
Net cash provided by financing activities	306,282,098	455,065,629	393,912,695
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	266,744,030	(445,140,443)	80,626,950
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(19,710,692)	(1,483,929)	10,287,380
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of year	140,494,754	587,119,126	496,204,796
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF YEAR	387,528,092	140,494,754	587,119,126
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION ON CASH FLOWS
Incomes taxes paid	55,564,648	94,316,553	63,850,859
Interest paid	187,209,963	141,052,901	32,710,830
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION ON NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of property and equipment through capital lease	$ 0	$ 0	$ 29,391,862

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHAN

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)	Total	Common Shares [Member]	Treasury Shares [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Statutory Reserves [Member]	Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss) (Note 24) [Member]	Parent [Member]	Non-controlling Interest [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2012	$ 781,538,498	$ 15,358	$ (13,667,122)	$ 511,964,127	$ 49,622,317	$ 151,603,798	$ 82,000,020	$ 781,538,498	$ 0
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2012		141,938,398
Exercise of share options	6,101,519	$ 470	0	6,101,049	0	0	0	6,101,519	0
Exercise of share options, shares		4,703,810
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19)	(5,767,159)	$ 0	$ (5,767,159)	0	0	0	0	(5,767,159)	0
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19), shares			(2,629,716)
Shares issued to TPG Asia VI SF Pte. Ltd(Note 2(ab))	32,792,232	0	$ 16,348,800	16,443,432	0	0	0	32,792,232	0
Shares issued to TPG Asia VI SF Pte. Ltd(Note 2(ab)), shares			12,000,000
Other comprehensive income (loss)	25,910,940	0	$ 0	0	0	0	25,910,940	25,910,940	0
Stock-based compensation expenses	427,989	0	0	427,989	0	0	0	427,989	0
Net income	126,356,264	0	0	0	0	126,356,264	0	126,356,264	0
Appropriation to statutory reserves	0	0	0	0	18,924,883	(18,924,883)	0	0	0
Dividends to shareholders	(14,724,740)	0	0	0	0	(14,724,740)	0	(14,724,740)	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2013	952,635,543	$ 15,828	(3,085,481)	534,936,597	68,547,200	244,310,439	107,910,960	952,635,543	0
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2013		156,012,492
Exercise of share options	39,930	$ 3	0	39,927	0	0	0	39,930	0
Exercise of share options, shares		33,000
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19)	(17,610,787)	$ 0	$ (17,610,787)	0	0	0	0	(17,610,787)	0
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19), shares			(9,025,690)
Shares repurchased under RSU plan	(7,042,725)	0	$ 0	(7,042,725)	0	0	0	(7,042,725)	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,354,027)	0	0	0	0	0	(3,353,952)	(3,353,952)	(75)
Stock-based compensation expenses	2,736,313	0	0	2,736,313	0	0	0	2,736,313	0
Net income	48,496,365	0	0	0	0	48,515,730	0	48,515,730	(19,365)
Appropriation to statutory reserves	0	0	0	0	4,282,287	(4,282,287)	0	0	0
Dividends to shareholders	(15,288,919)	0	0	0	0	(15,288,919)	0	(15,288,919)	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2014	960,611,693	$ 15,831	(20,696,268)	530,670,112	72,829,487	273,254,963	104,557,008	960,631,133	(19,440)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2014		147,019,802
Exercise of share options	48,400	$ 4	0	48,396	0	0	0	48,400	0
Exercise of share options, shares		40,000
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19)	(3,349,172)	$ 0	$ (3,349,172)	0	0	0	0	(3,349,172)	0
Treasury share repurchases (Note 19), shares			(2,179,902)
Shares repurchased under RSU plan, shares		(2,076,964)
Shares repurchased under RSU plan	(3,259,998)	$ 0	$ 0	(3,259,998)	0	0	0	(3,259,998)	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(73,604,028)	0	0	0	0	0	(73,605,171)	(73,605,171)	1,143
Stock-based compensation expenses	3,774,826	0	0	3,774,826	0	0	0	3,774,826	0
Net income	66,481,585	0	0	0	0	66,482,107	0	66,482,107	(522)
Appropriation to statutory reserves	0	0	0	0	7,220,277	(7,220,277)	0	0	0
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,704)	0	0	0	0	(14,751,704)	0	(14,751,704)	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 935,951,602	$ 15,835	$ (24,045,440)	$ 531,233,336	$ 80,049,764	$ 317,765,089	$ 30,951,837	$ 935,970,421	$ (18,819)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2015		142,802,936

Background information of busin

Background information of business and organization	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Background information of business and organization [Abstract]
Background information of business and organization	1. Background information of business and organization Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the provision of property management services. The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). In 2012, the Group expanded its business into the U.S. residential real estate market and established Vista Sierra, LLC, XIN Irvine, LLC and 421 Kent Development, LLC to acquire three projects in Reno, Nevada, Irvine, California and Brooklyn, New York, respectively. On April 6, 2012, September 25, 2012 and December 9, 2015, , Henan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. and Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd., subsidiaries 100 100 100 49 5 in Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jinan Wanzhuo”) was transferred 25 100 On March 2 and May 15, 2015, Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Xinyuan”) acquired 82 18 20 As of December 31, 2015, subsidiaries of the Company and its consolidated variable interest entities included the following entities: Company Name Registered Place and Paid-up Percentage Principal Activities Subsidiary companies: Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd. Cayman Islands October 6, 2011 US$ 500,000 100 % Investment holding company Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited. Hong Kong October 26, 2011 HK$ 3,000,000 100 % Investment holding company XIN Development Group International Inc. United States November 10, 2011 US$ 0 100 % Investment holding company Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. (“Xinyuan”) Cayman Islands January 27, 2006 US$ 50,000,000 100 % Investment holding company South Glory International Ltd. Hong Kong January 17, 2001 HK$ 10,000 100 % Investment holding company Victory Good Development Ltd. Hong Kong January 17, 2001 HK$ 10,000 100 % Investment holding company Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. Hong Kong November 19, 2001 HK$ 10,000 100 % Investment holding company XIN Irvine, LLC United States July 12, 2012 US$ 50,000 100 % Real estate development Vista Sierra, LLC United States May 1, 2012 US$ 0 100 % Real estate development XIN Development Management East, LLC United States August 28, 2012 US$ 1,000 100 % Property management services XIN NY Holding, LLC United States August 29, 2012 US$ 1,000 100 % Investment holding company 421 Kent Development, LLC United States August 29, 2012 US$ 1,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Sailing Co., Ltd. Hong Kong June 21, 2013 HK$ 3,000,000 100 % Investment holding company AWAN Plasma Sdn Bhd Malaysia April 16, 2007 MYR 33,577,000 100 % Real estate development XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd Malaysia July 9, 2014 MYR 33,217,000 100 % Investment holding company Xinyuan Internet Finance Co., Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company New Dawn International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company New Legend International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company NewPoint International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company NewGrace International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company China Online Finance Research Institute Limited Hong Kong July 17, 2015 US$ 1,000,000 100 % Dormant Genesis Ocean Investments Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Honest View Development Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Honour Triumph Enterprises Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Well Poly Holdings Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Zhengzhou Yasheng Construction Material Co., Ltd. PRC October 22, 2013 US$ 50,000,000 100 % Sales of construction material Zhengzhou Jiasheng Real Estate Co., Ltd PRC December 2, 2013 US$ 60,000,000 100 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Yusheng Landscape Design Co., Ltd. PRC December 25, 2013 US$ 70,000,000 100 % Landscaping engineering and management Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. (“WFOE”) PRC April 10, 2006 US$ 307,000,000 100 % Investment holding company Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Xinyuan”) PRC May 19, 1997 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Qingdao Xinyuan Xiangrui Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC February 9, 2006 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Real estate development Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Xinyuan”) PRC June 2, 2006 RMB 300,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Property Service Co., Ltd. PRC December 28, 1998 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Property management services Zhengzhou Mingyuan Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd. PRC February 17, 2004 RMB 2,000,000 100 % Landscaping engineering and management Zhengzhou Xinyuan Computer Network Engineering Co., Ltd. PRC May 26, 2004 RMB 2,000,000 100 % Installation of intercom systems Henan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Wanzhuo”) PRC December 29, 2011 RMB 20,000,000 100 % Real estate development Suzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Xinyuan”) PRC November 24, 2006 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Anhui Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC December 7, 2006 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC January 31, 2008 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Real Estate (Chengdu) Co., Ltd. PRC June 12, 2007 RMB 220,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xuzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC November 09, 2009 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Henan Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC November 15, 2009 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Wanzhong”) PRC March 4, 2008 RMB 900,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Heju Management Consulting Service Co., Ltd. PRC January 16, 2009 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Renju (Beijing) Asset Management Co., Ltd. PRC January 16, 2009 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jiantou Xinyuan”) PRC June 13, 2005 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Priority Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd. PRC March 8, 2012 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Real estate consulting services Henan Xinyuan Priority Commercial Management Co., Ltd. PRC August 10, 2012 RMB 2,000,000 100 % Leasing management services Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC September 20, 2012 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC February 17, 2013 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC March 28, 2005 RMB 150,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing XIN Media Co., Ltd. PRC July 10, 2013 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Culture and Media services Xingyang Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC July 25, 2013 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development APEC Construction Investment (Beijing) Co., Ltd. PRC August 1, 2013 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Dormant Beijing Xinxiang Huicheng Decoration Co., Ltd. PRC October 18, 2013 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Property decoration services Xinrongji (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd. PRC December 25, 2013 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Dormant Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd. PRC January 10, 2014 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Chengdu Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC February 21, 2014 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.* PRC May 27, 2014 RMB 100,000,000 80 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Hengsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC June 19, 2014 RMB 20,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Xindo Park E-commerce Co., Ltd. PRC August 12, 2014 RMB 202,000,000 100 % Electronic commerce Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. PRC September 15, 2014 RMB 20,000,000 90 % Real estate development Tianjin Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC September 17, 2014 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xi'an Xinyuan Metropolitan Business Management Co., Ltd. PRC November 25, 2014 RMB 3,000,000 100 % Property management services Beijing Xinleju Technology Development Co., Ltd. PRC December 24, 2014 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Technical service Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC April 3, 2014 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Real estate development Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Junxin”) PRC January 16, 2014 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd PRC January 1, 2015 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Retail store Beijing Xinhe Investment Development Co.,Ltd PRC May 5, 2015 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Investment holding Jinan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd PRC December 4, 2015 RMB 3,000,000 100 % Retail store Henan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd PRC March 23, 2015 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Retail store Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC July 27, 2015 RMB 40,000,000 100 % Real estate development Shanghai Hexinli Property Management Center (Limited partnership) PRC July 28, 2015 RMB 100,000 100 % Property management services Shenzhen Xilefu Internet Financial Service Co., Ltd. PRC June 12, 2015 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Dormant Shenzhen Xileju Technology Development Co., Ltd. PRC June 4, 2015 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Intelligent information system development Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Marketing Co., Ltd. PRC July 30, 2015 RMB 1,000,000 100 % Real estate marketing Shandong Xinyuan Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. ** PRC November 19, 2011 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development VIEs: Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jinan Wanzhuo”) PRC December 4, 2013 RMB 300,000,000 95 % Real estate development Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.("Henan Quansheng") PRC January 14, 2015 RMB 40,000,000 90 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Shengdao”) PRC October 14, 2013 RMB 20,000,000 80 % Real estate development * Liquidated on December 9, 2015 ** Acquired on March 1, 2015 Equity holdings remained unchanged throughout the year ended December 31, 2015 except for Shanghai Junxin, Zhengzhou Shengdao, Henan Quansheng and Changsha Wanzhuo (see note 1 and 2(a)).

Summary of significant accounti

Summary of significant accounting policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]
Summary of significant accounting policies	2. Summary of significant accounting policies (a) The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation Xinyuan Real Estate Co. Ltd. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the provision of property management services. The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). In 2012, the Group expanded its business into the U.S. residential real estate market. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which control is transferred out of the Group. Where there is a loss of control of a subsidiary, the consolidated financial statements include the results for the part of the reporting year during which the Group has control. In accordance with ASC 810 Consolidation the Company was considered as the primary beneficiary of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo, as it has the power to direct the activities of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo that most significantly impact their economic performance and has the obligation to absorb the losses and the right to receive benefits from Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo through its voting interest underlying the 51 95 75 95 90 80 in accordance with PRC Company Law and the articles of association of Jinan Wanzhuo, Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao, respectively. Based on the above, Jinan Wanzhuo, , Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao are consolidated by the Company. Shanghai Junxin, with registered capital of US$ 0.8 5.0 49 81.2 497.6 two 11.5 15.5 one 49 49 Jinan Wanzhuo, with registered capital of US$ 48.8 300.0 5 111.7 685.0 two 11.24 one 5 of non-controlling equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary of the transaction date, or the date the Company elects to repurchase the 5 equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo. The Company can exercise its right of redemption starting from the first anniversary of the transaction date. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity . In addition, since the Company planned to repurchase the 5 12 Changsha Wanzhuo, with registered capital of US$ 16.3 100.0 25 65.4 400.0 nine 12 one 25 25 from Lianxin and Changsha Wanzhuo ceased to be VIE . Zhengzhou Shengdao, with registered capital of US$ 3.3 20.0 20 86.0 526.0 two 10.984 two 20 20 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity . In addition, since the Company has no 20 12 Henan Quansheng, with registered capital of US$ 6.5 40.0 10 38.1 233.0 two 11 one 10 10 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity no 10 12 The carrying amounts and classifications of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs are as follows: December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Current assets 681,567,691 412,763,119 Non-current assets 2,268,129 7,469,208 Total assets 683,835,820 420,232,327 Current liabilities 537,233,210 262,759,976 Non-current liabilities 82,124,393 66,219,046 Total liabilities 619,357,603 328,979,022 The financial performance and cash flows of the VIEs are as follows: Year ended December 31, 2014 Year ended December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Revenue 25,715,106 168,108,983 Cost of revenue (21,406,445 ) (125,707,809 ) Net (loss)/profit (1,702,533 ) 9,944,795 Net cash used in operating activities (252,000,125 ) (4,601,835 ) Net cash used in investing activities (799,144 ) (6,098,628 ) Net cash provided by financing activities 358,987,226 35,532,406 As of December 31, 2015, the current liabilities of the VIEs included amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group of US$ 55,881,889 214,657,398 As of December 31, 2015, the land use rights included in real estate properties under development of the VIEs of US$ 289,057,933 404,133,649 no The VIEs contributed 14.4 2.8 (b) Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the selection of the useful lives of property and equipment and capital lease, allowance for doubtful debt associated with accounts receivable, other receivables, deposit for land use rights, other deposits and prepayments twelve twelve (c) Fair value of financial instruments Financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted deposit, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from employees, due from related party, other receivables, investment in joint venture and other long-term investment, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, and borrowings. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted deposit, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from employees, due from related party, other receivables, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, and short-term bank borrowings approximate their fair value due to the short term maturities of these instruments. The Group is exposed to credit risk for financial assets and its maximum amount of loss in the event of non-performance by the counterparty is the recorded amount. The Group generally does not require collateral for its financial assets or liabilities, except as disclosed in Note 10, Note 11 and Note 12. Trading securities were initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured at the end of each reporting period with the adjustment in its fair value recognized in profit and loss. Available-for-sale securities were initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured at the end of each reporting period with the adjustment in its fair value recognized in accumulated comprehensive income. Investment in joint ventures and other long-term investments have no quoted market prices and it is not practicable to estimate their fair value without incurring excessive costs. The Group reviews the investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may no The carrying amounts of the long-term borrowings approximate their fair values because the stated interest rates approximate rates currently offered by financial institutions for similar debt instruments of comparable credit risk and maturities. Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1-Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets Level 2-Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place Level 3-Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity The carrying values of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values except for the short-term investments. ASC 820 describes three main approaches for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset. In accordance with ASC 820, the investment in equity securities, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) (d) Foreign currency translation The Group's financial information is presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company is U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries in the PRC is Renminbi (“RMB”), the currency of the PRC. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries in Malaysia is Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), the currency of the Malaysia. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries other than those in the PRC and Malaysia is U.S. dollars. Transactions by the Company's subsidiaries in the PRC which are denominated in currencies other than RMB are remeasured into RMB at the exchange rate quoted by the People's Bank of China (“PBOC”) prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in a currency other than RMB are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as exchange gains. The consolidated financial statements of the Company's subsidiaries have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830, “Foreign Currency Matters” The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. December 31, December 31, December 31, Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate 6.0969 6.1190 6.4936 Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate 6.1956 6.1424 6.2272 The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation. (e) Cash and cash equivalents The Group considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Group maintains bank accounts mainly in the PRC, Hong Kong and United States. The vast majority of the PRC bank balances are denominated in RMB. Hong Kong and United States bank balances are denominated in U.S. dollars. Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with various state-owned and private banks within the PRC, Hong Kong and United States. Total cash in banks at December 31, 2015 amounted to US$ 387,528,092 140,494,754 (f) Restricted cash and restricted deposit The Group is required to maintain certain deposits with banks that provide mortgage loans to the Group's customers in order to purchase residential units from the Group (see Note 14). These balances are subject to withdrawal restrictions and totaled US$ 47,351,169 29,674,355 315,786,041 333,092,735 232,351,854 68,990,158 69,357,738 24,513,809 29,918,940 68,672,151 (g) Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale Real estate properties consist of finished residential unit sites, commercial offices and residential unit sites under development. The Group leases the land for the residential unit sites under land use right leases with various terms from the PRC. Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale are stated at the lower of carrying amounts or fair value less selling costs. Expenditures for land development, including cost of land use rights, deed tax, pre-development costs and engineering costs, are capitalized and allocated to development projects by the specific identification method. Costs are allocated to specific units within a project based on the ratio of the sales value of units to the estimated total sales value times the total project costs. Costs of amenities transferred to buyers are allocated as common costs of the project that are allocated to specific units as a component of total construction costs. For amenities retained by the Group, costs in excess of the related fair value of the amenities are also treated as common costs. Results of operations of amenities retained by the Group are included in the current operating results. In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” When the profitability of a current project deteriorates due to a slowdown in the sales pace, reduction of pricing or some other factor, this indicates that there may be a possible future loss on delivery and possible impairment in the recoverability of the assets. Accordingly, the assets of such project are subsequently reviewed for future losses and impairment by comparing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows for the project to the carrying value of such project. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset's carrying value, such deficit will be charged as a future loss and the asset will then be written down to its estimated fair value. The Group determines estimated fair value primarily by discounting the estimated future cash flows relating to the asset. In estimating the cash flows for a project, the Group uses various factors including (a) the expected pace at which the planned number of units will be sold, based on competitive market conditions, historical trends in sales pace and actual average selling prices of similar product offerings and any other long or short-term economic conditions which may impact the market in which the project is located; (b) the estimated net sales prices expected to be attained based on the current market conditions and historical price trends, as well as any estimated increases in future sales prices based upon the projected rate of unit sales, the estimated time gap between presale and expected delivery, the impact of government policies, the local and regional competitive environment, and certain external factors such as the opening of a subway line, school or factory; and (c) the expected costs to be incurred in the future by the Group, including, but not limited to, construction cost, construction overhead, sales and marketing, sales taxes and interest costs. The Group's determination of fair value requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate commensurate with the inherent risk associated with the assets and related estimated cash flows. The discount rate used in determining each project's fair value depends on the stage of development, location and other specific factors that increase or decrease the risk associated with the estimated cash flows. The properties held for sale consist of finished lots for single family home communities and custom homes located in Reno, Nevada, U.S., and finished condominium units located in Irvine, California, U.S., which were acquired in the second and third quarter of 2012, respectively. All of the properties held for sale were sold as of December 31, 2015. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties completed, under development and held for sale. (h) Revenue recognition Real estate sales are reported in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” “Real Estate-Retail Land” Percentage-of-completion method Revenue and profit from the sale of development properties is recognized by the percentage-of-completion method on the sale of individual units when the following conditions are met: • Construction is beyond a preliminary stage. • The buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit. • Sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property. • Sales prices are collectible. • Aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. If any of the above criteria is not met, proceeds are accounted for as customer deposits until the criteria are met. During parts of 2011 and 2012 the Group offered certain homebuyers seller-financing arrangements. All the homebuyers entered into such arrangement were subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, accounts receivable balances are unsecured, but monitored on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures. The Group provided longer payment terms, ranging between six months to two years to particular home buyers after applying strict credit requirements based on the Group's credit policy. In the second half of 2012, execution of seller-financed contracts dropped significantly to the point that the Group did not offer seller-financed contracts to second home buyers starting in the fourth quarter of 2012. Commencing in the second quarter of 2014, the Group again offer seller-financed contracts. Under current seller-financed contract arrangements, the buyer pays the purchase price for the residential unit in installment payments over one year. 10 20 70 within 180 days to 270 days and the final payment 30 days before delivery Since 2013, PRC banks have tightened the distributions of mortgage loans to homebuyers. Therefore, mortgage loans for homebuyers have been subject to longer processing periods or even denied by the banks. The Group took the position that the processing periods of the contracts with underlying mortgage loans exceeding one 4.2 28 Under the percentage of completion method, revenues from units sold and related costs are recognized over the course of the construction period, based on the completion progress of a project. In relation to any project, revenue is determined by calculating the ratio of incurred costs, including land use rights costs and construction costs, to total estimated costs and applying that ratio to the contracted sales amounts. Cost of sales is recognized by determining the ratio of contracted sales during the period to total estimated sales value, and applying that ratio to the incurred costs. Current period amounts are calculated based on the difference between the life-to-date project totals and the previously recognized amounts. The effect of changes to total estimated contract cost or revenues, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined. Revenue recognized to date in excess of amounts received from customers is classified as current assets under real estate properties under development. Amounts received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to date are classified as current liabilities under customer deposits. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, the gross amounts received from customers in excess of revenues recognized were US$ 223.5 280.2 Any losses occurred or forecast to occur on real estate transactions are recognized in the period in which the loss is first anticipated. Full accrual method Revenue from sales of development properties where the construction period, the period from the construction permit award date to the unit delivery date is expected to be 12 12 For the year ended December 31, 2013, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$ 1.2 resale of several parcels of the Northern Nevada Land Portfolio and US$ 5.4 7 15 For the year ended December 31, 2014, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$ 4.9 7 15 0.8 0.8 for the sales of the remaining 1 Real estate lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the tenancy agreements. Depreciation cost and maintenance cost of the property are recorded as the cost of rental income. Other revenue includes services ancillary to the Group's real estate projects, including property management, landscaping and computer network engineering. Property management income is ratably as services are provided over the term of the property management agreements. Landscaping and computer network engineering income is recognized when services are provided. (i) Accounts receivable Accounts receivable consists of balances due from customers for the sale of residential units in the PRC. These balances are unsecured, bear no Accounts receivable are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no (j) Other receivables Other receivables consist of various cash advances to unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships. The balance as at December 31, 2015 mainly included the amounts that the Company paid to third parties related to the direct negotiation model in acquiring lands. Other receivables are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances becomes doubtful. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no (k) Deposits for land use rights Deposits for land use rights consist of upfront cash payments made to local land bureaus to secure land use rights under executed short-term or long-term land framework cooperation agreements or land use rights agreements. Deposits for land use rights are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no (l) Other deposits and prepayments Other deposits and prepayments mainly consist of upfront cash payments made to third parties related to direct negotiation model in acquiring lands . Other deposits and prepayments are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no (m) Advances to suppliers Advances to suppliers consist of balances paid to contractors and vendors for services and materials that have not been provided or received and generally relate to the development and construction of residential units in the PRC. Advances to suppliers are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if it is doubtful that the services and materials can be provided. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no (n) Customer deposits Customer deposits consist of amounts received from customers relating to the sale of residential units in the PRC. In the PRC, customers will generally obtain financing for the purchase of their residential unit prior to the completion of the project. The lending institution will provide the funding to the Group upon the completion of the financing rather than the completion of the project. The Group receives these funds and recognizes them as a current liability until the revenue can be recognized. (o) Notes payable and other payables Notes payable represents short-term bank acceptance notes issued by financial institutions that entitle the holder to receive the stated amount from the financial institutions at the maturity date of the notes. The Group has utilized notes payable to settle amounts owed to suppliers and contractors. The notes payable is non-interest bearing and is normally settled within six 2,453,228 46,986,399 Other payables consist of balances for non-construction costs with unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships. (p) Real estate properties held for lease, net Real estate properties held for lease are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the real estate properties held for lease are 20 60 Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expenses as incurred. Major additions and improvements to the real estate properties held for lease are capitalized. In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties held for lease. (q) Property and equipment, net Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows: Aircraft 15 Vehicles 5 Furniture and fixtures 5 Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred unless such expenditures extend the useful life or represent a betterment, in which case they are capitalized. (r) Long-term investments The Group accounts for long-term investments as equity method investment and cost method investments as follows: Where the Group has significant influence over the investee, the Group applies the equity method of accounting in accordance with ASC subtopic 323-10-20 (“ASC 323-10-20”), Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures On October 21, 2013, the Group acquired a 51 On March 19, 2014, the Group together with other four 40 40 In accordance with ASC subtopic 325-20 (“ASC 325-20”), Investments-Other: Cost Method Investments, As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the Group has a 1.85 in Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. The Group does not exercise significant influence over Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. and therefore, the Group accounts for the investment under the cost method. Investment income is recognized by the Group when the investee declares a dividend and the Group believes it is collectible. As of December 31, 2015, the Group has an 80 in Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Ruihao Rongtong”). In accordance with ASC 325-20, Cost Method Investments There was nil dividend received for the 2013, 2014 and 2015. No impairment provision was provided for the Company's long-term investments for any of the periods presented. (s) Capitalized interest The Group capitalizes interest as a component of building construction costs in accordance with ASC 835, “Interest” As a result of the total interest costs capitalized during the period, the interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, was as follows: 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt 640,565 3,744,695 6,554,767 Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note 288,220 - - Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease 778,032 2,896,977 2,617,000 Interest on borrowings 36,515,162 128,014,504 171,035,655 Total interest costs 38,221,979 134,656,176 180,207,422 Less: total interest costs capitalized (21,359,447 ) (106,455,409 ) (159,926,006 ) Interest expense, net 16,862,532 28,200,767 20,281,416 (t) Retirement benefits Regulations in the PRC require the Group to contribute to a defined contribution retirement plan for all permanent employees. Pursuant to the mandatory requirement from the local authority in the PRC, the retirement pension insurance, unemployment insurance, health insurance and housing fund were established for the employees during the term they are employed. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the level of contribution to these funds for each employee was determined at 43 10,664,576 3,471,862 7,328,091 Employee benefits for the remaining wholly owned subsidiaries were immaterial. (u) Distribution of earnings and reserve fund The Company's ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on the Company receiving distributions from its subsidiaries. The earnings reflected in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP differ from those reflected in the statutory financial statements of the Company's subsidiaries. In accordance with the PRC Company Law, the PRC subsidiaries are required to transfer 10 50 25 (v) Income taxes The Group accounts for income tax using the balance sheet method. Deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as unutilized net operating losses. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Group is able to realize their benefits, or that future utilization is uncertain. The Group assesses its need for valuation allowances by tax reporting unit by jurisdiction. Interest and penalties arising from underpayment of income taxes is recognized according to the relevant tax law. The amount of interest expense to be recognized is computed by applying the applicable statutory rate of interest to the difference between the tax position recognized and the amount previously taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Interest recognized in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Tax” In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, the Group recognizes in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if a tax return's position or future tax position is “more likely than not” to prevail (defined as a likelihood of more than fifty fifty (w) Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”) In accordance with the relevant taxation laws for real estate companies of the provinces in which the subsidiaries operate in the PRC, the local tax authorities levy LAT based on progressive rates ranging from 30 60 (x) Comprehensive income Comprehensive income is defined as the changes in equity of the Group during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, ASC topic 220, Comprehensive Income (y) Advertising and promotion expenses Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred, or the first time the activity takes place, in accordance with ASC 720-35, “Advertising Costs 35,350,419 18,096,298 32,137,186 (z) Leases In accordance with ASC 840, “ Leases 75 90 On October 23, 2012, the Group entered into an agreement with Minsheng Hongtai (Tianjin) Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd. to lease a corporate aircraft (see Note 13).The lease meets the transfer-of-ownership to the lessee criterion and is therefore classified as a capital lease. The capital lease is measured at the commencement of the lease at an amount equal to the present value at the beginning of the lease term of minimum lease payments during the lease term excluding that portion of the payments representing executory costs (such as insurance, maintenance, and taxes to be paid by the lessor) including any profit thereon. During the lease term, each minimum lease payment is allocated between a reduction of the obligation and interest expense to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the obligation (the interest method). A leased asset is amortized in a manner consistent with the Group's normal depreciation policy for owned assets (see Note 6). All other leases are accounted for as operating leases wherein rental payments are expensed as incurred. Certain lease arrangements contain escalation clauses. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group recorded operating lease expenses of US$ 7,613,448 3,694,591 6,031,670 (aa) Property warranty The Company and its subsidiaries provide customers with warranties which cover major defects of building structure and certain fittings and facilities of properties sold as stipulated in the relevant sales contracts. The warranty period varies from two three The Group regularly estimates potential costs for materials and labor with regards to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a property. Reserves are determined based on historical data and t

Short-term investments

Short-term investments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Short-term investments [Abstract]
Short-term investments	3. Short-term investments The short-term investments represent investments in real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) publicly traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, money market instruments and equity securities publicly traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange, which are expected to be realized in cash during the next 12 months. The Company accounts for the short-term investments in accordance with ASC subtopic 320-10 (“ASC 320-10”), Investments-Debt and Equity Securities: Overall s Fair Value Measurement The realized gains, and unrealized losses presented in the accompanying statements of comprehensive income are related to trading securities held as of December 31, 2015. The following summarizes the short-term investments measured at fair value at December 31, 2014 and 2015: December 31, 2014 US$ Aggregate fair value Cost Unrealized gain in profit and loss Trading securities: Equity securities 5,189,456 5,069,310 120,146 Money market instrument 819,021 817,134 1,887 Total 6,008,477 5,886,444 122,033 December 31, 2015 US$ Aggregate fair value Cost Unrealized gain In profit and loss Trading securities: REITs 1,167,647 1,124,293 43,354 Money market instrument 76,999 70,910 6,089 Total 1,244,646 1,195,203 49,443 During the year ended December 31, 2015, US$ 456,149 49,443 3,128,014 122,033

Real estate properties developm

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale [Abstract]
Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale	4. Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale The following summarizes the components of real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale at December 31, 2014 and 2015: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Development completed: Zhengzhou Royal Palace 2,267,171 - Zhengzhou Century East A 7,907,556 4,775,131 Suzhou International City Garden 754,914 2,018,240 Hefei Wangjiang Garden 286,128 - Jinan International City Garden 778,376 - Suzhou Xin City - 16,736,651 Kunshan International City Garden 314,854 546,537 Real estate properties development completed 12,308,999 24,076,559 Under development: Current: Jinan Xinyuan Splendid 95,433,442 40,847,827 Xuzhou Colorful City 57,957,843 54,157,809 Zhengzhou Xin City 122,025,858 46,165,101 Suzhou Xin City 73,916,667 - Beijing Xindo Park 258,585,693 176,553,742 Kunshan Royal Palace 267,625,395 215,917,469 Suzhou Lake Royal Palace 233,846,400 267,569,547 Xingyang Splendid Phase I 44,991,390 32,010,140 Xingyang Splendid Phase II 35,341,974 43,311,674 Xingyang Splendid Phase III 22,910,650 23,896,026 Xingyang Splendid Phase IV 6,441,922 6,762,190 Zhengzhou Xindo Park (residential) 66,471,564 29,098,191 Zhengz hou Xindo Park (commercial) 41,827,678 73,294,372 Jinan Royal Palace 262,820,980 261,268,961 Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1 85,135,798 109,896,103 Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace 192,275,658 215,117,468 Changsha Xinyuan Splendid 151,442,473 194,444,916 Chengdu Thriving Family 222,716,181 258,173,028 Jinan Xin Central - 163,174,394 Zhengzhou Fancy City - 71,896,698 Tianjin Spring Royal Palace - 65,583,961 Zhengzhou Xindo Park - 39,117,259 Henan Xin Central I - 127,696,203 XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd (“Malaysia project”) (Note 9) 9,642,365 8,165,745 New York Oosten 119,947,878 226,208,448 2,371,357,809 2,750,327,272 Profit recognized 264,182,323 347,083,874 Less: progress billings (see Note 14) (920,965,080 ) (1,210,089,345 ) Total real estate properties under development 1,714,575,052 1,887,321,801 Northern Nevada Land Portfolio 588,000 - Lennox Project 597,217 - Real estate properties held for sale 1,185,217 - Total real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale 1,728,069,268 1,911,398,360 As of December 31, 2015, land use rights included in the real estate properties under development totaled US$ 1,130,109,973 1,274,725,570 As of December 31, 2015, land use rights with an aggregate net book value of US$ 1,018,987,851 923,762,759

Real estate properties held for

Real estate properties held for lease, net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Real estate properties held for lease, net [Abstract]
Real estate properties held for lease, net	5. Real estate properties held for lease, net December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Elementary schools 3,485,673 3,284,593 Basement parking 1,979,104 10,181,887 Kindergartens 8,040,216 7,576,396 Parking facilities 19,238,109 18,128,308 Clubhouses 6,811,668 6,418,720 Shopping mall 40,322,338 38,499,378 Total costs 79,877,108 84,089,282 Accumulated depreciation (10,653,360 ) (12,956,700 ) Real estate properties held for lease, net 69,223,748 71,132,582 Depreciation expense for real estate properties held for lease for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$ 2,303,340 1,580,540 2,032,019 As of December 31, 2015, US$ 36,550,198 38,280,864 As of December 31, 2015, minimum future rental income on non-cancellable leases (none of which contain any contingent rental clauses), in the aggregate and for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter, is as follows: Year Amount US$ 2016 9,950,598 2017 9,947,668 2018 9,969,725 2019 10,048,191 2020 and thereafter 150,781,495 Total 190,697,677

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Property and equipment, net [Abstract]
Property and equipment, net	6. Property and equipment, net Property and equipment consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Corporate aircraft (Note 13) 43,184,212 40,693,020 Vehicles 4,919,955 4,636,135 Furniture and fixtures 6,914,706 7,044,387 Total 55,018,873 52,373,542 Accumulated depreciation (8,543,148 ) (13,050,220 ) Property and equipment, net 46,475,725 39,323,322 Depreciation expense for property and equipment for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$ 4,947,575 1,400,639 4,543,419 2,713,085 710,895 2,868,205 Accumulated depreciation expense for property and equipment as of December 31, 2015 amounted to US$13,050,220 (2013: US$ 4,427,924 6,104,441 710,895 3,585,257

Other long-term investment

Other long-term investment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Other long-term investment [Abstract]
Other long-term investment	7. Other long-term investment As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the other long-term investment accounted for at cost consisted of the following: Cost method investee Initial Cost Ownership December 31, December 31, US$ US$ US$ Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. 30,865,904 80 % - 30,865,904 Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. 241,648 1.85 % 241,648 241,648 On May 6, 2015, the Company acquired 80 30,865,904 For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group recognized no investment profit or loss. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, management noted no indicators of impairment related to these investments.

Investment in joint venture

Investment in joint venture	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Investment in joint ventures [Abstract]
Investment in joint ventures	8. Investment in joint ventures On October 21, 2013, the Group acquired a 51 49 On March 19, 2014, the Group together with four 40 On May 27, 2015, the Group together with an unrelated company, Nanjing Starry Sky Studios Management Co., Ltd. established a joint venture Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Starry Sky Cinema”), in which the Group holds a 51 For the year ended December 31, 2015, the investees recognized income of US$ 4,381,637 3,317,444 2,234,635 1,691,897 As of December 31, 2015, the Group's investment in the investees in the aggregate exceeded its proportionate share of the net assets of the equity method investee by US$ 3,982,603 4,226,414

Acquisition of subsidiaries

Acquisition of subsidiaries	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Acquisition of subsidiaries [Abstract]
Acquisition of subsidiaries	9. Acquisition of subsidiaries Acquisition of XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd On December 29, 2014, Xinyuan International (Hong Kong) Property Investment Inc. (“XYHK”) signed an agreement to acquire a 100 XYHK paid a purchase price of approximately US$10 million in cash to complete the acquisition on December 29, 2014 (“acquisition date”). The goodwill recognized at acquisition date amounting to US$278,300, which is not tax deductible, is primarily attributable to synergies expected to be achieved from the acquisition through expansion into an overseas market. The accounting for this acquisition was incomplete in 2014 because the transaction occurred only shortly before the end of the fiscal year and therefore, the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements are regarded provisional as of December 31, 2014. On the acquisition date, EMG signed an agreement (“Service Agreement”) with one of the selling shareholders, Mr. Alex Teh Chee Teong (“Mr.Teh”), appointing Mr. Teh as a Project Manager to assist XYHK in supervising and completing the land reclamation development within twenty four months from the commencement date. Under the same Service Agreement, EMG granted Mr. Teh an option to purchase 25 3,167,000 Since the acquisition date, neither the results of operations nor pro forma results of operations of EMG were presented because the effects of EMG were not material to the Group's consolidated financial statements. An analysis of the cash flows in respect of the acquisition of EMG is as follows: US$ Cash consideration (10,000,000 ) Cash and cash equivalents acquired 2,200 Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents (9,997,800 ) The purchase price allocation for the acquisition is primarily based on a valuation determined by the Group with the assistance of an independent third party valuation firm. The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition on December 29, 2014. US$ Total purchase price 10,000,000 Net identifiable assets acquired: Cash and cash equivalents 2,200 Land reclamation development 9, 740,000 Goodwill 278,300 Current liabilities (20,500 ) Net assets acquired 10,000,000

Short-term bank loans and other

Short-term bank loans and other debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Short-term bank loans and other debt [Abstract]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	10. Short-term bank loans and other debt Short-term bank loans represent amounts due to various banks and are due on the dates indicated below. Short-term bank loans at December 31, 2014 and 2015 consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, 2014 2015 US$ US$ Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd. Due February 25, 2015 11 40,856,349 - 40,856,349 - Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. Due April 3, 2015 11 24,513,809 - 24,513,809 - Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd Due June 24, 2015 12.5 32,685,079 - 32,685,079 - Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. Due August 12, 2015 12 65,370,159 - 65,370,159 - Loan from The Bank of East Asia Due February 24, 2015 2.80 3 month 14,971,245 - Due February 25, 2015 2.60 3 month 20,353,100 - Due June 2, 2016 2.00 3 month - 9,675,655 Due August 16, 2016 1.40 3 month - 20,000,000 Due August 31, 2016 1.40 3 month - 9,700,000 Due September 20, 2016 1.40 3 month - 2,220,000 Due October 27, 2016 1.40 3 month - 13,250,000 Due November 18, 2016 1.25 3 month - 14,958,974 Due November 23, 2016 1.25 3 month - 34,421,617 35,324,345 104,226,246 Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch Due May 17, 2015 2 month 65,000,000 - Due July 21, 2016 1.2 - 30,000,000 Due September 26, 2016 1.55 - 13,000,000 Due October 11, 2016 1.55 - 20,000,000 65,000,000 63,000,000 Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") Due February 17, 2015 2.1 3 month 20,000,000 - Due March 2, 2015 2 3 month 9,700,000 - Due May 18, 2016 2 3 month - 10,000,000 Due October 5, 2016 1.6 3 month - 20,000,000 29,700,000 30,000,000 Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") Due September 21, 2016 1.7 3 month ***** - 25,000,000 - 25,000,000 Total short-term bank loans and other debt 293,449,741 222,226,246 * Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on November 12, 2014, which was designated as the lender by Lianxin, the non-controlling shareholder of Changsha Wanzhuo, this other short-term debt is secured by the Group's 75 ** Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these seven loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million, US$2.2 million, US$13.3 million , US$15.0 million and US$34.4 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$ 9,778,859 20,943,698 US$ 10,166,934 2,386,966 13,752,002 15,553,766 35,878,403 *** Pursuant to the loan contract with Bank of China Tokyo Branch , these three loans from Bank of China Tokyo Branch amounting to US$30.0 million, US$13.0 million and US$20.0 million in 2015 respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposit of 30,645,559 4 , US$ 13,705,803 21,097,696 **** Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Asia), these two loans from ICBC (Asia), amounting to US$10.0million and US$20.0million in 2015, respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of 10,799,845 4 21,251,694 4 5 ***** Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Thai), this loan from ICBC (Thai), amounting to US$25.0 million in 2015, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposits of US$ 26,410,620 As of December 31, 2015, except when otherwise indicated the Group's short-term bank loans were denominated in USD and were mainly secured by the deposits. This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets. The weighted average interest rate on short-term bank loans and other debt as of December 31, 2015 was 1.71 7.62

Long-term bank loans

Long-term bank loans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Long-term bank loans [Abstract]
Long-term bank loans	11. Long-term bank loans Long-term bank loans as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Loan from ICBC Due July 20, 2016 5.25 14,708,286 10,779,845 14,708,286 10,779,845 Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due May 30, 2015 6.77 3,268,508 - Due June 30, 2015 6.77 8,171,270 - Due April 18, 2015 6.46 8,171,270 - Due November 18, 2015 6.46 1,634,254 - Due March 18, 2016 6.46 8,171,270 - Due May 18, 2016 5.78 6,537,016 6,159,911 35,953,588 6,159,911 Loan from China Guangfa Bank Due June 20, 2015 7.07 1,323,746 - Due May 29, 2016 8.00 11,439,778 3,233,953 Due December 23, 2017 8.4 16,342,539 6,159,911 Due February 17, 2018 8.4 - 30,799,556 29,106,063 40,193,420 Loan from Bank of China Due December 30, 2015 8.45 32,685,079 - Due January 8, 2016 8.45 24,513,809 - 57,198,888 - Loan from China Construction Bank Due January 23, 2017 5.70 113,642,752 76,998,891 113,642,752 76,998,891 Loan from Bank of Shanghai Due April 30, 2017 9.10 86,615,460 35,419,490 86,615,460 35,419,490 Loan from The Bank of East Asia Due April 27, 2018 6.18 - 47,428,237 - 47,428,237 Loan from Ping An Bank Due March 20, 2018 9.25 - 43,119,380 - 43,119,380 Total 337,225,037 260,099,174 Less: current portion of long-term bank loans (284,928,910 ) (246,239,374 ) Total long-term bank loans 52,296,127 13,859,800 As of December 31, 2015, the contractual maturities of these loans are as follows: Year Amount US$ 2016 20,173,709 2017 118,578,292 2018 121,347,173 Less: current portion of long-term bank loans 246,239,374 Total: long-term bank loans 13,859,800 * Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of December 31, 2015. ** These loans were paid in full during 2015. As of December 31, 2015, except when otherwise indicated, the Group's long term bank loans were all denominated in RMB and were mainly secured by the Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$ 93,755,346 December 31, 2014: US$ 35,766,700 424,058,251 (December 31, 2014: US$ 507,962,175 nil (December 31, 2014: US$ 24,513,809 The interest rates of these bank loans are adjustable based on the range of 111 195 7.23 7.43

Other long-term debt

Other long-term debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Other long-term debt [Abstract]
Other long-term debt	12. Other long-term debt As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, other long-term debt consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due on May 3, 2018 13.25 200,000,000 190,519,754 June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due on June 6, 2019 13 200,000,000 200,000,000 Corporate bonds due in December 28, 2020 7.5 - 152,962,917 Shandong Xinyuan collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 12.3 33,885,787 - Henan Wanzhuo collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 12.41 34,688,992 - Collateralized loan due on April 3, 2016 11 40,807,321 38,453,246 Collateralized loan due on December 23, 2017 11 81,312,306 61,221,818 Collateralized loan due on July 9, 2017 9 65,370,159 54,484,415 Collateralized loan due on December 31, 2016 12.5 1,650,597 69,129,605 Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 12.5 - 3,079,956 Collateralized loan due on March 31, 2017 11 - 38,499,446 Collateralized loan due on November 20, 2016 12.5 - 46,199,335 Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 11.8 - 17,709,745 Collateralized loan due on July 15, 2017 11.8 - 14,583,590 Collateralized loan due on June 25, 2017 12 - 69,299,002 Collateralized loan due on September 17, 2017 9 - 10,779,844 Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 25, 2016 11.5 81,312,306 - Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 30, 2016 11.24 111,946,394 28,489,590 Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on March 13, 2017 10.98 - 81,002,834 Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on May 13, 2017 11 - 35,881,483 Fortress Credit Co. LLC loan due on June 9, 2017 7.25 25,668,594 96,306,200 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 5.95 - 10,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 5.95 - 10,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 5.95 - 10,000,000 Others 750,988 - Total principal of other long-term debt 877,393,444 1,258,602,780 Accrued interest 723,382 - Total 878,116,826 1,258,602,780 Less: current portion of other long-term debt (301,912,335 ) (348,594,822 ) Total other long-term debt 576,204,491 910,007,958 The May 2018 Senior Secured Notes and the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes are senior secured pari passu obligations of the Company. As of December 31, 2015, the contractual maturities of these debts are as follows: Year Amount US$ 2016 182,271,775 2017 482,848,334 2018 190,519,754 2019 200,000,000 2020 and thereafter 202,962,917 Less: current portion of other long term debt 348,594,822 Total: Other long-term debt 910,007,958 * Pursuant to the agreements with Cinda Asset Management Corporation, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100 ** Pursuant to the agreements with CITIC Trust Co., Ltd. entered into on May 27, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Shanghai Junxin, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 51 *** Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on June 24, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Jinan Wanzhuo, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 95 111,663,215 139,355,006) **** Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on March 10, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Shengdao, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 80 136,098,821 ***** Pursuant to the agreements with Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. entered into on May 9, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Henan Quansheng, this other debt is secured by the Group's 90 41,295,897 7,345,027 ****** Pursuant to the agreements with Fortress Credit Co. LLC entered into on June 9, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$ 165 96.3 29,918,940 29,973,017 ******* Pursuant to the agreements with Ping An Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100 ******** Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC entered into on September 23, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$ 50 As of December 31, 2015, except when otherwise indicated, the Group's other long-term debt were all denominated in RMB and were mainly secured by the Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$ 128,389,745 (December 31, 2014: US$ 54,625,305 731,783,438 324,684,850 36,550,198 (December 31, 2014: US$ 38,280,864 May 2018 Senior Secured Notes On May 3, 2013, the Company issued the senior notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$ 200,000,000 May 3, 2018 13.25 The issuance costs of US$ 4,951,785 14.44 The May 2018 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated May 3, 2013, between, the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “May 2018 Indenture”). The Company's obligations under the May 2018 Indenture and the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the May 2018 Indenture. The Company's obligations under the May 2018 Indenture and the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. and Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., and the obligations of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a Subsidiary Guarantor are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd. and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. The Company may redeem the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at 106.6250 103.3125 At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may at its option redeem the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to % of the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on May 3, 2016, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through May 3, 2016 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date. At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may redeem up to % of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of % the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes issued on May 3, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption. The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC815 “Derivatives and Hedging The May 2018 Indenture, as amended, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments and to engage in transactions with affiliates and holder of more than 10% 2.75 3.0 In February 2015, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the May 2018 Secured Notes, the Company amended the May 2018 Indentures (collectively, known as the “Indentures”) to provide it with additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) to incur additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Indentures) in furtherance of the Company's business plans; (ii) make certain Restricted Payments (as defined in the Indentures) and Permitted Investments (as defined in the Indentures); and (iii) make certain deemed Investments (as defined in the Indentures) without having to satisfy the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indentures) requirement. The amendments also amend (i) the “Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees by Restricted Subsidiaries” covenant in the Indentures to the extent that the Company believes necessary as a result of the amendments to other covenants and (ii) the “Limitation on Asset Sales” covenant in the Indentures to remove the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio requirement for Asset Dispositions (as defined in the Indentures). The amendments also amended certain related definitions in the Indentures. The amendments did not result in debt extinguishment accounting. June 2019 Senior Secured Notes On December 6, 2013 200,000,000 June 6, 2019 13 The issuance costs of US$ 4,431,292 14.05 The June 2019 Senior Secured Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated December 6, 2013, between, the Company, the “Subsidiary Guarantors” identified below and Citicorp International Limited, as trustee and collateral agent (the “June 2019 Indenture”). The Company's obligations under the June 2019 Indenture and the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes have been guaranteed by certain of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd., Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) and will be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as is set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the June 2019 Indenture. The Company's obligations under the June 2019 Indenture and the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. and Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., and the obligations of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a Subsidiary Guarantor are secured by a pledge of the capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Victory Good Development Ltd., South Glory International Ltd. and Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. The Company may redeem the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole or in part, at 106.5 103.25 At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may at its option redeem the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to % of the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on June 6, 2017, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through June 6, 2017 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date. At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may redeem up to % of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of % the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes issued on December 6, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption. The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes under the requirements of ASC 815. The embedded redemption options and repurchase features did not qualify for derivative accounting because the embedded derivatives were considered clearly and closely related to the characteristics of the June 2019 Secured Senior Notes. The June 2019 Indenture, as amended, contains certain covenants that, among others, restrict the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase or redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes or other assets, to make certain other payments and to engage in transactions with affiliates and holder of more than 10% 2.75 3.0 In February 2015, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the June 2019 Secured Notes, the Company amended the June 2019 Indentures (collectively, known as the “Indentures”) to provide it with additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) to incur additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Indentures) in furtherance of the Company's business plans; (ii) make certain Restricted Payments (as defined in the Indentures) and Permitted Investments (as defined in the Indentures); and (iii) make certain deemed Investments (as defined in the Indentures) without having to satisfy the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indentures) requirement. The amendments also amend (i) the “Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees by Restricted Subsidiaries” covenant in the Indentures to the extent that the Company believes necessary as a result of the amendments to other covenants and (ii) the “Limitation on Asset Sales” covenant in the Indentures to remove the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio requirement for Asset Dispositions (as defined in the Indentures). The amendments also amended certain related definitions in the Indentures. The amendments did not result in debt extinguishment accounting. Convertible Note On September 19, 2013 75,761,009 par. Until redemption in November 2014, the Convertible Note bore interest at 5.00 September 19, 2018 The Convertible Note was convertible at the option of the holder at any time in integral multiples of $ 100,000 25,253,670 12,626,835 3.00 6.00 The Company's obligations under the Convertible Note were guaranteed by certain of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited, Elite Quest Holdings Limited and Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited (each, a “CN Subsidiary Guarantor” and collectively, the “CN Subsidiary Guarantors”) and was to be guaranteed by such other future subsidiaries of the Company as was set forth in and in accordance with the terms of the Convertible Note. The Company's obligations under the Convertible Note were secured by a pledge of the capital stock of the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. and Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd., and the obligations of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a CN Subsidiary Guarantor were secured by a pledge of the capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Victory Good Development Limited, South Glory International Limited and Elite Quest Holdings Limited. The CN Subsidiary Guarantors the same “Subsidiary Guarantors” of the Company's May 2018 Senior Secured Notes and June 2019 Senior Secured Notes (collectively, the “Senior Secured Notes”), and the shares of the subsidiaries pledged to secure the obligations of the Company and of Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. as a CN Subsidiary Guarantor have also been pledged as collateral with respect to the Company's Senior Secured Notes. In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Note, the Company entered into an Intercreditor Agreement with Citicorp International Limited, as trustee under the indenture for the Senior Secured Notes, the purchaser of the Convertible Note and Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd., pursuant to which Citicorp International Limited acted as Shared Security Agent for the holders of the Senior Secured Notes and the Convertible Note. The Convertible Note was not redeemable in whole or in part at the option of the Company. However, upon an event of default, the holders could require the Company to redeem the Convertible Note at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) % of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and (ii) an amount equal to (A) the outstanding principal divided by , multiplied by the conversion price then in effect, times (B) the closing price of the Common Shares, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. Following a Change of Control or a Fundamental Transaction, the Company was required to make an offer to purchase all outstanding Convertible Note at a purchase price equal to 150 90 50 The Company has evaluated and determined that there was no embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the Convertible Note under the requirements of ASC815. The Company evaluated and determined that the embedded conversion option, redemption options and anti-dilution feature do not require bifurcation from the Convertible Note under the requirements of ASC 815-10 because they are clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument. Beneficial conversion features (“BCF”) exist when the conversion price of the Convertible Note is lower than the fair value of the ordinary share at the commitment date. Since the Convertible Note was convertible from inception but contain conversion terms that change upon the occurrence of a future event, the contingent beneficial conversion feature was measured at the commitment date but not recognized until the contingency is resolved. No BCF was recognized because the conversion price is greater than the fair value of the Company's ordinary shares at the commitment date. The Convertible Note contained certain covenants that, among others, restricted the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the Convertible Note) and, in certain cases, all of its subsidiaries, to incur additional debt or to issue preferred stock, to make certain payments or investments, to pay dividends or purchase of redeem capital stock, to sell assets (including limitations on the use of proceeds of asset sales), to grant liens on the collateral securing the Convertible Note or other assets, to make certain other payments or to engage in transactions with affiliates, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions and satisfaction, in certain circumstances, of specified conditions, such as a Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Convertible Note) of 3.0 1.0 On November 21, 2014, pursuant to a note redemption agreement entered into with TPG Asia, the Company redeemed the Convertible Note in full for a total redemption amount of 86,272,849 9,848,931 13 3.0 1.0 On December 28, 2015, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the first tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB 1 154 7.5

Corporate aircraft capital leas

Corporate aircraft capital lease	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Corporate aircraft capital lease [Abstract]
Corporate aircraft capital lease	13. Corporate aircraft capital lease On October 23, 2012, the Group entered into an agreement with Minsheng Hongtai (Tianjin) Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd. (“Minsheng”) to lease a corporate aircraft. The corporate aircraft was delivered on September 12, 2013, and the capital lease commenced on September 15, 2013 (the “Commencement Date”). The lease has an eight September 15, 2021 32 1,426,435 6.7 10.47 Capital lease obligations are summarized as follows: December 31, US$ Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities 18,111,007 Current maturities of capital lease obligations 3,065,612 Total capital lease obligations 21,176,619

Customer deposits

Customer deposits	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Customer deposits [Abstract]
Customer deposits	14. Customer deposits Customer deposits consisted of amounts received from customers for the pre-sale of residential units in the PRC. December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Advances for real estate properties under development 1,021,782,194 1,255,600,108 Add: increase in revenue recognized in excess of amounts received from customers 6,346,284 18,940,748 Less: recognized as progress billings (see Note 4) (920,965,080 ) (1,210,089,345 ) Total net balance 107,163,398 64,451,511 Customer deposits are typically funded up to 40 80

Income taxes

Income taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Income taxes [Abstract]
Income taxes	15. Income taxes (a) Corporate income tax (“CIT”) Under the current law of the Cayman Islands,, the Company is not subject to income tax. The Company's PRC subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 25 10 The Company's HK subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 16.5 The Company's US subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 42 The Company's Malaysian subsidiaries are subject to income tax at the statutory rate of 25 Income before income tax expenses consists of: Year ended December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ PRC 246,985,362 112,781,760 154,833,605 Non PRC (36,969,248 ) (33,727,777 ) (35,840,702 ) Total 210,016,114 79,053,983 118,992,903 Income tax expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015 are summarized as follows: Year ended December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Current: CIT tax expense 68,625,597 20,791,855 48,523,618 Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”) expense 36,727,785 (3,771,248 ) 23,223,407 Deferred tax (benefit)/expense (21,693,532 ) 13,537,011 (19,235,707 ) Income tax expense 83,659,850 30,557,618 52,511,318 The Group's income tax expense differs from the tax expense computed by applying the statutory CIT rate of 25% for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, are as follows: Year ended December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ CIT at rate of 25% 52,504,028 19,763,496 29,748,226 Tax effect of non-deductible expenses 3,490,593 6,535,308 2,028,153 Unrecognized tax benefits 5,465,293 (8,628,537 ) (6,354,200 ) LAT expense 36,727,785 (3,771,248 ) 23,223,407 CIT benefit of LAT (9,171,919 ) 942,812 (5,805,852 ) Changes in valuation allowance - - 4,274,501 International rate difference 9,089,244 10,681,232 6,075,360 Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries 3,500,000 440,464 3,675,156 Adjustment of estimated income tax accruals (18,059,102 ) 3,953,417 (4,412,050 ) Others 113,928 640,674 58,617 Actual income tax expense 83,659,850 30,557,618 52,511,318 Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries represents accrued withholding tax related to the portion of the Group's retained earnings that were not considered permanently reinvested. (b) Unrecognized tax benefit The following table summarizes the activities related to the Group's unrecognized tax benefits: 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Balance at January 1 8,842,239 16,313,513 14,005,004 Additions for tax positions of current year 16,313,513 6,400,006 11,592,738 Movement in current year due to foreign exchange rate fluctuation - (79,978 ) (313,640 ) Reductions for tax positions of prior years - (4,125,703 ) (3,669,272 Lapse of stature of limitations (8,842,239 ) (4,502,834 ) (3,772,547 ) Balance at December 31 16,313,513 14,005,004 17,842,283 The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$16,313,513 in 2013 was mainly due to Henan Xinyuan with the application of the deemed profit method by the local tax authority of Zhengzhou city related to the Zhengzhou Modern City project upon completion of the development project. The Group believes that the possibility exists for reinterpretation of the application of the tax regulations by higher tax authorities in the PRC, potentially overturning the decision made by the local tax authority to apply the deemed profit method. Because of the uncertainty surrounding whether the application of the deemed profit method for Zhengzhou Modern City project will be re-evaluated and the taxes adjusted, the difference between the taxes due based on taxable income calculated according to statutory taxable income method and the taxes due based on the deemed profit method has been recorded as an additional receivable or payable and has been included in unrecognized tax benefits. The remaining change of US$8,842,239 was recognized as a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits due to the expiration of the statute of limitations period for Henan Xinyuan. The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$6,400,006 in 2014 was partly due to Henan Xinyuan with the application of the deemed profit method by the local tax authority of Zhengzhou city related to the Zhengzhou Modern City project upon completion of the development project. The Group believes that the possibility exists for reinterpretation of the application of the tax regulations by higher tax authorities in the PRC, potentially overturning the decision made by the local tax authority to apply the deemed profit method. Because of the uncertainty surrounding whether the application of the deemed profit method for Zhengzhou Modern City project will be re-evaluated and the taxes adjusted, the difference between the taxes due based on taxable income calculated according to statutory taxable income method and the taxes due based on the deemed profit method has been recorded as an additional receivable or payable and has been included in unrecognized tax benefits. The remaining balance of the current year movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits were mainly due to deemed interest income from subsidiaries of the Company during the year. The movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$ 79,978 4,502,834 4,125,703 The current year movement in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of US$ 11,592,738 313,640 3,772,547 and the amount of US$ 3,669,272 As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, unrecognized tax benefits of US$ 8,582,351 1,993,721 The PRC income tax returns for fiscal year 2012 through fiscal year 2015 remain open to potential examination. In addition, local tax authorities may exercise broad discretion in applying the tax law, thus potentially exposing the PRC subsidiaries to audits of tax years outside the general statute of limitations. It is the Group's continuing practice to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in interest expenses and other expenses, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, no interests and penalties have been recognized under ASC 740-10 as management believes that there will be no interest and penalties charged relating to a re-evaluation of a tax levy method. (c) LAT Since January 1, 1994, LAT has been applicable at progressive tax rates ranging from 30 60 0.8 1.0 For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group has made provision for LAT with respect to properties sold up to December 31, 2015 in accordance with the requirements set forth in the relevant PRC tax laws and regulations. In prior years, the Company has settled the LAT for three of its projects based on the deemed profit method, which was approved by the local tax bureau. Out of the three projects, one project was liquidated on April 6, 2012 and the statute of limitations of another project expired as of December 31, 2013. The statute of limitations of the remaining project expired on April 27, 2014. Based on the above, there is no longer a contingency related to the LAT of the three projects settled in the prior years as of December 31, 2014 and 2015. (d) Deferred tax The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the Group's net current deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 are as follows: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Current deferred tax assets: Tax loss carried forward 4,947,176 9,858,503 Accruals and provisions 5,554,948 6,269,775 Deemed interest income 3,276,136 14,868,874 Unrealized profit at consolidation - 2,946,297 Allowance for deferred tax assets - (4,274,501 Total current deferred tax assets 13,778,260 29,668,948 Current deferred tax liabilities: Revenue recognized based on percentage of completion (31,868,998 ) (38,623,934 ) Real estate properties accelerated cost deduction (1,360,518 ) (1,282,034 ) Taxable temporary differences arising from business combinations and asset acquisitions (71,705,371 ) (47,409,723 ) Others (45,532 ) (45,532) Total current deferred tax liabilities (104,980,419 ) (87,361,223 ) Net current deferred tax liabilities (91,202,159 ) (57,692,275 ) The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the Group's net long-term deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 are as follows: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Long-term deferred tax assets: Tax loss carried forward 2,727,890 5,553,093 Revenue recognition of real estate lease income on a straight-line basis 8,767,201 8,955,776 Others 2,146,517 979,688 Total long-term deferred tax assets 13,641,608 15,488,557 Long-term deferred tax liabilities: Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries (9,825,083 ) (13,500,239 ) Total long-term deferred tax liabilities (9,825,083 ) (13,500,239 ) Net long-term deferred tax assets 3,816,525 1,988,318 Certain of the Company's PRC subsidiaries have PRC tax net operating loss carry forwards of US$ 39.4 19.8 9.0 5.9 During 2014 and 2015, the Company has considered its operational funding needs, future development initiatives and its dividend distribution plan and is permanently reinvesting all but US$ 98.3 332.9 (including US$ 197.9 9.83 13.5 683.7 509.1 68.4 50.9 For each PRC subsidiary, deferred tax assets have been netted against deferred tax liabilities by current classification, as the reversal of the underlying temporary differences is expected to occur in the same future periods. In assessing the ability to realize the deferred tax assets, the Group has considered whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Accordingly, the Group recorded valuation allowance amounting nil and US$ 4,274,501

Share-based compensation

Share-based compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Share-based compensation [Abstract]
Share-based compensation	16. Share-based compensation As of December 31, 2015, the Company has four share-based compensation plans under which awards may be granted to both employees and non-employees, which are described below. Compensation cost of US$ 4,904,626 676,303 3,232,940 4,904,626 676,303 3,232,940 4,407,999 427,989 2,736,313 Hence, no tax benefit was recognized upon the recognition of compensation cost. The Company has a policy of using authorized shares in the existing pool to satisfy any future exercise of share options and shares repurchased held by a third party trustee to satisfy the RSUs granted under the 2014 RSU plan 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) On August 11, 2007, the Company granted share options to purchase up to 6,125,374 0.0001 2.50 2.67 15,564,801 10 60 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”) In November 2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Plan which provides for the grant of options, restricted shares, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards to purchase its common shares. The maximum aggregate number of common shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards, including options, is 10 On July 1, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 2.105 0.72 431,687 36 On August 7, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 400,000 2.475 0.84 337,655 36 On September 3, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 2.86 0.96 578,159 36 On September 5, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 2.92 1.0 602,604 36 On November 8, 2013, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 400,000 3.185 1.03 412,735 36 On June 25, 2014, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 2.045 0.52 311,098 36 On June 30, 2014, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options to purchase up to 907,000 1.21 0.81 734,181 On February 26, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 200,000 1.255 0.36 71,853 36 On April 10, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 600,000 1.605 0.52 312,671 36 On July 1, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 1,200,000 1.71 0.48 577,836 36 On September 30, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 200,000 1.39 0.50 100,243 36 On November 6, 2015, under the 2007 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 200,000 1.81 0.61 122,109 36 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) In June 2015, the Company approved the 2015 Stock Option Plan to provide grant of options to purchase shares of company stock with maximum aggregate number of 20 On July 1, 2015, under the 2015 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 6,574,600 1.71 0.48 3,165,867 34 On July 29, 2015, under the 2015 Plan, the Company granted share options with service conditions to purchase up to 81,600 1.71 0.42 34,294 33 Assumptions The Company assumed the forfeiture ratios of 10 0 The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Dividend Adjusted Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the assumptions noted below. Options Granted in 2013 Under the 2007 Plan Options Granted in 2014 Under the 2007 Plan Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2007 Plan Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2015 Plan Average risk-free rate of return 1.43 % 2.5 % 1.82 - 1.92 % 1.57 - 1.92 % Expected term 6 5 6 6 6 Volatility rate 55.7 % 40.5 41.4 % 46.3 55.2 % 55.0 - 55.9 % Dividend yield 5 % 5 % 5 % 5 % The risk-free rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the implied yield rates of U.S treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected life of options represents the period of time the granted options are expected to be outstanding. The Company had limited historical exercise data. Therefore, the expected life was estimated as the average of the contractual term and the vesting period. The dividend yield was based on the Company's dividend distribution plan. The expected volatility was based on the historical daily stock price of the Company, annualized. Share Option Activity The following table is a summary of the Company's share option activity under the Plan (in US$, except options): Options under the Plan Number of Weighted Weighted Aggregate Outstanding, January 1, 2015 2.50 (exercise price) 560,594 2.5 2.58 - 0.0001 ( exercise 23,800 0.0001 2.58 28,082 Granted to employee - - - - Exercised - - - - Expired - - - - Forfeited/Cancelled 2.50 (exercise price) 3,298 2.5 - - Outstanding, December 31, 2015 2.50 (exercise price) 557,396 2.5 1.58 - 0.0001 (exercise price) 23,800 0.0001 1.58 43,909 Exercisable as at December 31, 2015 2.50 (exercise price) 557,396 2.5 1.58 - 0.0001 (exercise price) 23,800 0.0001 1.58 43,909 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the Company's closing stock price of US$ 1.85 As of December 31, 2015, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted to employees and non-employees under the Plan. The following table is a summary of the Company's share option activity under the 2007 Plan (in US$, except options): Options Under the 2007 Plan Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding, January 1, 2015 7.0 (exercise price) 792,056 7.00 2.83 - 2.975 (exercise price) 180,000 2.975 3.50 - 1.87 (exercise price) 93,334 1.87 4.25 - 1.21 (exercise price) 860,000 1.21 5.95 - 1.085 (exercise price) 100,000 1.085 6.50 9,500 1.64 (exercise price) 300,000 1.64 7.87 - 1.595 (exercise price) 200,000 1.595 7.87 - 2.105 (exercise price) 600,000 2.105 8.50 - 2.86 (exercise price) 600,000 2.86 8.67 - 2.045 (exercise price) 600,000 2.045 9.48 - 1.21 (exercise price) 907,000 1.21 9.50 - Granted 1.255(exercise price) 200,000 1.255 9.16 118,000 1.605(exercise price) 600,000 1.605 9.27 144,000 1.71(exercise price) 1,200,000 1.710 9.50 162,000 1.39(exercise price) 200,000 1.390 9.75 91,000 1.81(exercise price) 200,000 1.810 9.85 7,000 Exercised 1.21 (exercise price) 6,000 1.21 - 2,400 1.21 (exercise price) 17,000 1.21 - 6,800 1.21 (exercise price) 2,000 1.21 - 634 1.21 (exercise price) 4,000 1.21 - 1,220 1.21 (exercise price) 2,000 1.21 - 817 1.21 (exercise price) 5,000 1.21 - 1,999 1.21 (exercise price) 4,000 1.21 - 1,553 Forfeited/Cancelled (employee) 2.045 (exercise price) 600,000 2.045 - - 1.21 (exercise price) 100,000 1.21 - - 1.64 (exercise price) 100,000 1.64 - - 1.595 (exercise price) 200,000 1.595 - - Outstanding, December 31, 2015 7.0 (exercise price) 792,056 7.00 1.83 - 2.975 (exercise price) 180,000 2.975 2.50 - 1.87 (exercise price) 93,334 1.87 3.25 - 1.21 (exercise price) 754,000 1.21 4.95 478,790 1.085 (exercise price) 100,000 1.085 5.50 76,000 1.64 (exercise price) 200,000 1.64 6.87 41,000 1.595 (exercise price) - 1.60 6.87 - 2.105 (exercise price) 600,000 2.105 7.50 - 2.86 (exercise price) 600,000 2.86 7.67 - 2.045 (exercise price) - 2.045 8.48 - 1.21 (exercise price) 873,000 1.21 8.50 554,355 1.255(exercise price) 200,000 1.255 9.16 118,000 1.605(exercise price) 600,000 1.605 9.27 144,000 1.71(exercise price) 1,200,000 1.71 9.50 162,000 1.39(exercise price) 200,000 1.39 9.75 91,000 1.81(exercise price) 200,000 1.81 9.85 7,000 Exercisable as at December 31, 2015 7.0 (exercise price) 792,056 7.00 1.83 - 2.975 (exercise price) 180,000 2.98 2.50 - 1.87 (exercise price) 93,334 1.87 3.25 - 1.21 (exercise price) 754,000 1.21 4.95 478,790 1.085 (exercise price) 100,000 1.09 5.50 76,000 1.64 (exercise price) 200,000 1.64 6.87 41,000 2.105 (exercise price) 400,000 2.11 7.50 - 2.86 (exercise price) 400,000 2.86 7.67 - 1.21 (exercise price) 873,000 1.21 8.50 554,355 1.255(exercise price) 132,000 1.26 9.16 77,880 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the Company's closing stock price of US$1.85 per common share as of December 31, 2015 and the exercise price for in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders if all in-the-money options had been exercised on December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, there was US$ 1,133,257 2.16 430,438 1,206,372 633,113 The following table is a summary of the Company's share option activity under the 2015 Plan (in US$, except options): Options Under the 2015 Plan Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Granted 1.71(exercise price) 81,600 1.71 9.58 11,016 1.71(exercise price) 6,574,600 1.71 9.50 887,571 Outstanding, December 31, 2015 1.71(exercise price) 81,600 1.71 9.58 11,016 1.71(exercise price) 6,574,600 1.71 9.50 887,571 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the Company's closing stock price of US$ 1.85 2,560,637 2.5 639,524 2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan (the “2014 RSU Plan”) On May 23, 2014, the Board of Directors approved the 2014 RSU Plan, which is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The 2014 RSU Plan provides for discretionary grants of restricted stock units, or RSUs, to or for the benefit of participating employees. The maximum number of common shares that may be delivered to 2014 RSU Plan participants in connection with RSUs granted under the 2014 RSU Plan is 10,000,000 On May 23, 2014, the Company established a trust that is governed by a third party trustee and deposited US$ 7,042,725 4,234,884 three On April 10, 2015, under the 2014 RSU Plan, the Company deposited $ 3,259,998 2,076,964 three The weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted shares granted during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015 was US$ 2.01 1.605 Other awards On December 29, 2014, EMG granted the Share Option to a selling shareholder. No compensation expense was recorded as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 since the performance conditions underlying the Share Option were not met.

Other payables and accrued liab

Other payables and accrued liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Other payables and accrued liabilities [Abstract]
Other payables and accrued liabilities	17. Other payables and accrued liabilities The components of other payables and accrued liabilities are as follows: December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Contract deposit 22,484,500 31,740,289 Accrued expense 19,893,141 22,170,906 Deed tax and maintenance fund withheld for customers 266,382 13,318,504 Bidding deposit 1,698,002 1,881,217 Welfare payable 1,697,794 1,590,932 Other tax payable 8,606,598 701,721 Accrued aircraft operating expense 752,574 8,445,279 Accrued interest expense 11,582,212 14,178,760 Others 7,106,887 12,098,761 Total 74,088,090 106,126,369

Related party and Employee tran

Related party and Employee transactions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Related party and employee transactions [Abstract]
Related party and employee transactions	18. Related party and employee transactions (a) Amounts due from related party December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. 125,374,349 45,072,727 Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. - 10,816,284 Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd - 2,741,161 125,374,349 58,630,172 As of December 31,2014, this balance represents a receivable due from Shaanxi Zhongmao related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payments terms, which mainly consisted of the amount of 104,410,477 for acquiring parcels of land in Xi'an. In 2015, the Company advanced US$ 146,042,251 221,558,534 As of December 31,2015, the balance due from Ruihao Rongtong and Beijing Starry Sky Cinema are related to advances for operational needs without any fixed payments terms. This balance is unsecured, bears no interest, and is expected to be repaid in one (b) Amounts due from employees December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Advances to employees 50,057 350,919 The balance represents cash advances to employees for traveling expenses and other expenses. The balances are unsecured, bear no interest and have no fixed payment terms. (c) Others For the year ended December 31, 2015, total directors' remuneration amounted to US$ 8,549,672 9,690,085 8,145,311 All other related party transactions have been disclosed in Notes 1, 2a) and 12.

Equity

Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Equity [Abstract]
Equity	19. Equity (i) As at December 31, 2015, the Company's authorized share capital was 500 0.0001 500 (ii) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 15,124 2.5 (iii) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 406,666 1.87 (iv) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 200,000 1.8 (v) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 4,082,020 1.21 (vi) On July 12, 2013, the Board of Directors unanimously authorized management to repurchase up to US$ 60 (vii) During the year ended December 31, 2013, 2,629,716 5,767,159 (viii) On September 19, 2013, the Company had purchased a cumulative total of 14,264,896 19,434,281 1.36 12,000,000 32,880,000 (ix) During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company distributed quarterly dividends of US$ 0.025 14,724,740 (x) During the year ended December 31, 2014, 33,000 1.21 (xi) During the year ended December 31, 2014, 9,025,690 17,610,787 (xiii) During the year ended December 31, 2014, 4,234,884 7,042,725 (xiv) During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company distributed quarterly dividends of US$ 0.025 15,288,919 (xv) During the year ended December 31, 2015, 40,000 1.21 (xvi) During the year ended December 31, 2015, 2,179,902 3,349,172 (xvii) During the year ended December 31, 2015, 2,076,964 common shares were repurchased at a total cost of US$ 3,259,998 (xviii) During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company distributed quarterly dividends of US$ 0.025 14,751,704

Earnings per share

Earnings per share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Earnings per share [Abstract]
Earnings per share	20. Earnings per share Basic and diluted net earnings per share for each period presented are calculated as follows: December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Numerator: Net income 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders – basic 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Interest expense associated with the Convertible Note 798,984 2,690,572 - Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders – diluted 127,155,248 51,206,302 66,482,107 Denominator: Number of shares outstanding, basic* 145,733,028 151,935,765 142,625,427 Convertible Note (Note 12) 2,038,808 24,561,789 - Stock options 1,692,720 620,681 348,603 Restricted stock units - - 3,513,919 Number of shares outstanding-diluted 149,464,556 177,118,235 146,487,949 Basic earnings per share 0.87 0.32 0.47 Diluted earnings per share 0.85 0.29 0.45 * The restricted shares repurchased by the trustee that are unvested are excluded from the number of shares outstanding for purposes of computing basic earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260. However, these unvested restricted shares are factored into the computation of diluted earnings per share using the treasury stock method. During the year ended December 31, 2015, 11,878,986 1,123,723 4,086,084

Segment reporting

Segment reporting	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment reporting	21. Segment reporting The Group's long-lived assets and revenue are mainly located in and derived from the PRC. Starting in 2012, a small portion of the Group's long-lived assets and revenue are located in and derived from the United States. The Group considers that each of its individual property developments is a discrete operating segment. The Group has aggregated its segments on a provincial basis as property development projects undertaken within a province have similar expected economic characteristics, type of properties offered, customers and market and regulatory environment. The Group's reportable operating segments are comprised of Henan Province, Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Sichuan Province, Beijing, Hainan Province, Hunan Province, Shanghai, and Tianjin in the PRC; and the United States. Each geographic operating segment is principally engaged in the construction and development of residential real estate units. The “other” category relates to investment holdings, property management services, installation of intercom systems, landscaping, engineering and management, real estate sale, purchase and lease activities. The accounting policies of the various segments are the same as those described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”. The Group's chief operating decision maker relies upon net sales, gross profit and net income when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group. Net sales for geographic segments are generally based on the location of the project development. Net income for each segment includes net sales to third parties, related cost of sales and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment. Capital expenditures for each segment includes cost for acquisition of subsidiaries, purchase of aircraft, vehicles, fixtures and furniture and computer network equipment and accumulation of properties held for lease related to newly completed projects. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015. Summary information by operating segment is as follows: December 31, 2013 Henan Shandong Jiangsu Anhui Sichuan Beijing United States Others Consolidated US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Net real estate sales 378,087,120 290,511,011 186,224,891 - 13,489,121 - 6,614,490 - 874,926,633 Real estate lease income 2,098,415 196,596 576,457 - - - - 3,118,298 5,989,766 Other revenue 242,368 84,040 479,202 - 183,026 - 15,520 15,817,501 16,821,657 Total revenue 380,427,903 290,791,647 187,280,550 - 13,672,147 - 6,630,010 18,935,799 897,738,056 Cost of real estate sales (225,443,661 ) (220,570,567 ) (135,087,692 ) - (3,107,736 ) - (6,002,345 ) (723,634 ) (590,935,635 ) Cost of real estate lease income (1,602,225 ) (129,059 ) (323,012 ) - - - - 458,065 (1,596,231 ) Other costs 3,553,561 (512 ) 3,359,189 - (56,418 ) - (550 ) (13,063,594 ) (6,208,324 ) Total cost of revenue (223,492,325 ) (220,700,138 ) (132,051,515 ) - (3,164,154 ) - (6,002,895 ) (13,329,163 ) (598,740,190 ) Gross profit 156,935,578 70,091,509 55,229,035 - 10,507,993 - 627,115 5,606,636 298,997,866 Operating expenses (39,956,831 ) (6,925,944 ) (11,766,051 ) (12,908 ) (936,011 ) (6,670,853 ) (1,359,841 ) (17,594,048 ) (85,222,487 ) Operating income/(loss) 116,978,747 63,165,565 43,462,984 (12,908 ) 9,571,982 (6,670,853 ) (732,726 ) (11,987,412 ) 213,775,379 Interest income 9,121,573 749,616 216,008 129 11,819 736,400 3,098 842,844 11,681,487 Interest expense (778,032 ) - - - - - - (16,084,500 ) (16,862,532 ) Share of loss in an equity investee (117,188 ) - - - - - - - (117,188 ) Other operating income/expense - - - - - 1,538,968 - - 1,538,968 Income/(loss) before income taxes 125,205,100 63,915,181 43,678,992 (12,779 ) 9,583,801 (4,395,485 ) (729,628 ) (27,229,068 ) 210,016,114 Income tax (expense)/benefit (46,673,642 ) (13,936,301 ) (16,640,499 ) (40,107 ) (2,749,642 ) 1,212,316 (44,335 ) (4,787,640 ) (83,659,850 ) Net income/(loss) 78,531,458 49,978,880 27,038,493 (52,886 ) 6,834,159 (3,183,169 ) (773,963 ) (32,016,708 ) 126,356,264 Depreciation and amortization 1,903,564 147,053 548,699 52,166 3,652 311,673 174 170,141 3,137,122 Capital expenditure 6,672,173 184,084 91,784,366 - - 936,906 116,597 405,009 100,099,135 Equity investment 5,967,905 - - - - - - - 5,967,905 Real estate properties held for sale - - - - - - 5,524,041 - 5,524,041 Real estate properties development completed 665,410 555,797 19,244,890 287,165 507,026 - - - 21,260,288 Real estate properties under development 190,143,709 37,201,975 441,295,792 - - 198,205,122 65,672,108 - 932,518,706 Real estate properties held for lease 48,011,607 3,602,956 7,712,857 846,903 - - - 235,858 60,410,181 Total long-lived assets 106,014,797 4,694,369 12,200,324 847,318 1,649,862 1,664,134 113,296 10,387,542 137,571,642 Total assets 928,034,862 314,799,152 482,414,252 9,494,401 88,642,444 184,288,291 6,530,771 367,895,419 2,382,099,592 December 31, 2014 Henan Shandong Jiangsu Sichuan Beijing Hainan Hunan Shanghai United States Others Consolidated US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Net real estate sales 310,236,873 192,437,765 175,960,358 9,912,254 188,579,891 6,526,065 4,109,978 - 4,921,331 141,377 892,825,892 Real estate lease income 2,991,909 218,320 651 - - - - - - 1,725,306 4,936,186 Other revenue 110,500 110,166 57,357 29,585 11,717 391 244 - - 21,665,635 21,985,595 Total revenue 313,339,282 192,766,251 176,018,366 9,941,839 188,591,608 6,526,456 4,110,222 - 4,921,331 23,532,318 919,747,673 Cost of real estate sales (210,789,926 ) (146,862,778 ) (138,838,903 ) (9,125,435 ) (133,519,235 ) (4,137,467 ) (3,632,997 ) - (4,643,722 ) 977,293 (650,573,170 ) Cost of real estate lease income (2,574,534 ) 29,388 (575,529 ) - - - - - - (52,540 ) (3,173,215 ) Other costs (1,804,955 ) (1,303,518 ) (391,538 ) (16,975 ) (364,326 ) (17 ) (32,560 ) - - (19,921,843 ) (23,835,732 ) Total cost of revenue (215,169,415 ) (148,136,908 ) (139,805,970 ) (9,142,410 ) (133,883,561 ) (4,137,484 ) (3,665,557 ) - (4,643,722 ) (18,997,090 ) (677,582,117 ) Gross profit 98,169,867 44,629,343 36,212,396 799,429 54,708,047 2,388,972 444,665 - 277,609 4,535,228 242,165,556 Operating expenses (58,981,130 ) (8,891,116 ) (12,928,183 ) (3,229,614 ) (27,689,927 ) (3,855,809 ) (3,234,163 ) (2,353,439 ) (5,783,635 ) (18,169,045 ) (145,116,061 ) Operating income/(loss) 39,188,737 35,738,227 23,284,213 (2,430,185 ) 27,018,120 (1,466,837 ) (2,789,498 ) (2,353,439 ) (5,506,026 ) (13,633,817 ) 97,049,495 Interest income 10,797,806 903,353 471,254 8,312 375,674 4,974 16,913 9,647 - 1,989,389 14,577,322 Interest expense (471,635 ) - - - - - - - - (27,729,132 ) (28,200,767 ) Net realized gain on short-term 3,128,014 - - - - - - - - - 3,128,014 Share of income (loss) in an (1,691,897 ) - - - - - - - - - (1,691,897 ) Loss on extinguishment of debt - - - - - - - - - (9,848,931 ) (9,848,931 ) Exchange gains 706,108 - - - - - - - - 706,108 Unrealized income on short-term investments 120,146 - - - 1,887 - - - - - 122,033 Other income - 3,212,606 - - - - - - - - 3,212,606 Income/(loss) before income taxes 51,777,279 39,854,186 23,755,467 (2,421,873 ) 27,395,681 (1,461,863 ) (2,772,585 ) (2,343,792 ) (5,506,026 ) (49,222,491 ) 79,053,983 Income tax benefit/(expense) 1,897,892 (9,997,111 ) (3,452,056 ) 681,784 (18,646,689 ) (737,457 ) (543,422 ) (505,771 ) 2,243,056 (1,497,844 ) (30,557,618 ) Net income/(loss) 53,675,171 29,857,075 20,303,411 (1,740,089 ) 8,748,992 (2,199,320 ) (3,316,007 ) (2,849,563 ) (3,262,970 ) (50,720,335 ) 48,496,365 Depreciation and amortization 5,056,099 255,701 684,087 38,685 446,531 95,456 24,944 35,727 147,349 213,543 6,998,122 Capital expenditure 6,317,246 187,745 175,551 296,976 57,767 698,842 242,276 371,198 10,130,497 217,835 18,695,933 Real estate properties - - - - - - - - 1,185,217 - 1,185,217 Real estate properties 10,174,728 778,376 1,069,768 - - - - - - 286,127 12,308,999 Real estate properties under 122,442,706 230,512,631 476,026,887 213,243,863 124,555,677 80,188,420 145,738,966 192,275,659 119,947,878 9,642,365 1,714,575,052 Real estate properties held for 45,892,107 5,053,480 17,464,831 - - - - - - 813,330 69,223,748 Total long-lived assets 91,997,422 7,323,161 23,139,244 10,904,402 3,896,449 690,086 528,484 761,721 11,488,178 10,338,428 161,067,575 Total assets 868,110,770 501,351,668 642,378,579 125,561,644 427,431,672 52,944,306 99,029,288 197,356,138 36,990,997 280,371,172 3,231,526,234 December 31, 2015 Henan Shandong Jiangsu Sichuan Beijing Hainan Hunan Shanghai Tianjin United Others Consolidated US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Net real estate sales 251,681,188 186,222,554 371,469,943 36,372,298 166,775,534 3,534,278 42,191,276 70,058,447 4,631,258 1,530,000 - 1,134,466,776 Real estate lease income 4,484,591 202,892 - - - - - - - 1,885,780 6,573,263 Other revenue 1,396,463 30,659 308,026 80,142 318,271 8,157 2,332 - 1,333 - 21,138,576 23,283,959 Total revenue 257,562,242 186,456,105 371,777,969 36,452,440 167,093,805 3,542,435 42,193,608 70,058,447 4,632,591 1,530,000 23,024,356 1,164,323,998 Cost of real estate sales (160,197,316 ) (149,867,847 ) (305,417,991 ) (32,313,894 ) (118,868,527 ) (2,337,677 ) (30,095,959 ) (62,366,015 ) (3,534,525) (1,243,112 ) - (866,242,863 ) Cost of real estate lease income (2,202,367 ) (285,974 ) (1,416,157 ) - - - - - - - (51,824 ) (3,956,322 ) Other costs 160,449 (376,070 ) (641,646 ) (3,615 ) (835,555 ) (324 ) - - (8,424 ) - (19,429,522 ) (21,134,707 ) Total cost of revenue (162,239,234 ) (150,529,891 ) (307,475,794 ) (32,317,509 ) (119,704,082 ) (2,338,001 ) (30,095,959 ) (62,366,015 ) (3,542,949 ) (1,243,112 ) (19,481,346 ) (891,333,892 ) Gross profit 95,323,008 35,926,214 64,302,175 4,134,931 47,389,723 1,204,434 12,097,649 7,692,432 1,089,642 286,888 3,543,010 272,990,106 Operating expenses (51,882,922 ) (13,528,548 ) (15,826,805 ) (3,672,935 ) (32,178,776 ) (6,617,557 ) (5,090,601 ) (4,346,174 ) (10,002,768 ) (4,971,109 ) (19,336,890 ) (167,455,085 ) Operating income/(loss) 43,440,086 22,397,666 48,475,370 461,996 15,210,947 (5,413,123 ) 7,007,048 3,346,258 (8,913,126 ) (4,684,221 ) (15,793,880 ) 105,535,021 Interest income 23,284,854 237,687 442,560 18,752 331,042 3,968 45,592 134,580 2,966 - 1,735 24,503,736 Interest expense 21,612,239 - - - - - - - - 17,587,083 (59,480,738 ) (20,281,416 ) Net realized gain on short-term investments - - - - - - - - - - 603,078 603,078 Share of income in an equity investee 2,234,635 - - - - - - - - - - 2,234,635 Loss on extinguishment of debt - - - - - - - - - - - - Exchange gains 403,286 - - - - - - - - - - 403,286 Unrealized income on short-term investments - - - - - - - - - - 49,443 49,443 Other income - - - - - 4,677,244 - - - 2,950 1,264,926 5,945,120 Income/(loss) before income taxes 90,975,100 22,635,353 48,917,930 480,748 15,541,989 (731,911 ) 7,052,640 3,480,838 (8,910,160 ) 12,905,812 (73,355,436 ) 118,992,903 Income tax benefit /(expense) (16,234,099 ) (9,901,175 ) (32,061 ) (1,344,687 ) (13,479,368 ) 163,491 (5,634,909 ) (1,259,900 ) 1,739,065 2,825,203 (9,352,878 ) (52,511,318 ) Net income/(loss) 74,741,001 12,734,178 48,885,869 (863,939 ) 2,062,621 (568,420 ) 1,417,731 2,220,938 (7,171,095 ) 15,731,015 (82,708,314 ) 66,481,585 Depreciation and amortization 5,569,343 400,733 1,542,209 64,082 515,150 208,486 76,304 83,175 3,839 50,985 237,358 8,751,664 Capital expenditure 4,249,718 172,853 31,524 - 33,952,563 127,550 146,074 - 52,401 136,065 256,824 39,125,572 Real estate properties development for sale - - - - - - - - - - - - Real estate properties development completed 4,775,131 - 19,301,428 - - - - - - - - 24,076,559 Real estate properties under development 313,105,983 275,709,393 307,172,930 223,653,822 62,561,492 101,059,710 157,166,855 155,309,860 57,207,564 226,208,448 8,165,744 1,887,321,801 Real estate properties held for lease 42,511,937 4,487,714 23,416,217 - - - - - - 716,714 71,132,582 Total long-lived assets 221,202,024 6,683,031 27,947,425 9,036,881 6,958,865 553,186 468,620 391,481 751,519 13,009,709 11,420,981 298,423,722 Total assets 1,064,084,941 457,041,948 655,880,819 206,485,216 346,527,256 135,047,439 110,988,357 128,502,762 19,201,186 166,888,356 270,739,159 3,561,387,439

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments and contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Commitments and contingencies [Abstract]
Commitments and contingencies	22. Commitments and contingencies Commitments Operating lease commitments The Group leases certain of its office properties under non-cancellable operating lease arrangements. The terms of the leases do not contain rent escalation, or contingent rent, renewal, or purchase options. There are no restrictions placed upon the Group by entering into these leases. As of December 31, 2015, the Group had the following operating lease obligations falling due in: Amount US$ 2016 3,113,503 2017 1,732,005 2018 1,326,668 2019 781,985 2020 562,477 2021 and thereafter 143,218 Total 7,659,856 Capital lease commitments The Group leases a corporate aircraft under a non-cancellable capital lease arrangement. The terms of the lease do not contain contingent rent clauses. As of December 31, 2015, the Group had the following minimum lease payments (excluding the portion of the payments representing executory costs, including any profit thereon) falling due in: Amount US$ 2016 5,106,207 2017 5,106,207 2018 5,106,207 2019 5,106,207 2020 and thereafter 7,659,311 Total minimum lease payments 28,084,139 Less interest (6,907,520 ) Capital lease obligations 21,176,619 Less current maturities of capital lease obligations (3,065,612 ) Long-term capital lease obligations 18,111,007 Other commitments As of December 31, 2015, the Group had outstanding commitments with respect to non-cancellable construction contracts for real estate development and land use rights purchases as follows: Amount US$ 2016 237,174,797 2017 154,945,910 2018 35,408,090 2019 34,442,583 2020 and thereafter - Total 461,971,380 Contingencies As at December 31, 2015, the Group provided guarantees of US$ 1,513,664,015 1,305,598,342 359,551 1,478,386 555,969 The fair value of the guarantees is not significantly different than the net realizable value of the properties and management considers that in case of default in payments, the net realizable value of the related properties can cover the repayment of the outstanding mortgage principal together with the accrued interest and penalty and therefore no provision has been made for the guarantees. In the prior years, the Group has settled the LAT for three of its projects based on the deemed profit method, which was approved by the local tax bureau. Out of the three projects, one project was liquidated on April 6, 2012 and the statute of limitations of another project expired as of December 31, 2013. The statute of limitations of the remaining project expired on April 27, 2014. Based on the above, there is no longer a contingency related to LAT for the three projects settled in the prior years as of December 31, 2014 and 2015. On May 30, 2014, the Zhengzhou Modern City project developed by Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd., completed the LAT final settlement with the local tax bureau. The Company received a tax clearance certificate, which confirmed that the Company's accrual under the deemed profit method was adequate and there was no additional tax adjustments assessed by the local tax bureau as of May 30, 2014. Based on the above, management performed a reassessment and concluded that the likelihood of the deemed profit method being overturned is only reasonably possible, and accordingly reversed the LAT liability accrued for the project amounting to US$16.2 million as of December 31, 2014. The Group's estimate for the reasonably possible contingency related to the Zhengzhou Modern City project amounted to US$ 16.2

Concentration of risk

Concentration of risk	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Concentration of risk [Abstract]
Concentration of risk	23. Concentration of risk The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the PRC. Starting in 2012, a small portion of the Group's operations is conducted in the United States. Accordingly, the Group's business, financial condition and results of operations is primarily influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC and by the general state of the PRC economy. The Group's operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Group's results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things. The Group transacts most of its business in RMB, which is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the PBOC or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the PBOC. Approval of foreign currency payments by the PBOC or other institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers' invoices, shipping documents and signed contracts. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the RMB to the US$. Under the new policy, the RMB is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. For RMB against US$, there was appreciation of approximately 2.9 2.4 4.4 To the extent that the Company needs to convert US$ into RMB for capital expenditures and working capital and other business purposes, appreciation of RMB against US$ would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount the Company would receive from the conversion. Conversely, if the Company decides to convert RMB into US$ for the purpose of making payments for dividends on ordinary shares, strategic acquisitions or investments or other business purposes, appreciation of US$ against RMB would have a negative effect on the US$ amount available to the Company. In addition, a significant depreciation of the RMB against the US$ may significantly reduce the US$ equivalent of the Company's earnings or losses. During parts of 2011 and 2012 the Group offered certain homebuyers seller-financing arrangements. All the homebuyers entered into such arrangement were subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, accounts receivable balances are unsecured, but monitored on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures. The Group provided longer payment terms, ranging between six months to two years to particular home buyers after applying strict credit requirements based on the Group's credit policy. In the second half of 2012, execution of seller-financed contracts dropped significantly to the point that the Group did not offer seller-financed contracts to second home buyers starting in the fourth quarter of 2012. Commencing in the second quarter of 2014, the Group again offer seller-financed contracts. As of December 31, 2015, there is no concentration of credit risk with respect to receivables. In 2013, PRC banks tightened the conditions on which mortgage loans are extended to homebuyers. Therefore, mortgage loans for homebuyers have been subject to longer processing periods or even denied by the banks. The Group monitors its homebuyers' outstanding mortgage loans on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures and took the position that contracts with underlying mortgage loans with processing periods exceeding one year cannot be recognized as revenue under the percentage of completion method (see Note 2(h) for further detail). As a result, the Group reversed contracted sales of the amounts related to apartments of which mortgage loans with processing periods exceeding one year when recognizing revenue under the percentage of completion method. In addition, no single customer or supplier accounted for more than 10% of revenue or project expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015.

Accumulated other comprehensive

Accumulated other comprehensive income	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Accumulated other comprehensive income [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income	24. Accumulated other comprehensive income The movement of accumulated other comprehensive income is as follows: Foreign currency US$ Balance as of January 1, 2012 79,859,172 Other comprehensive income 2,140,848 Balance as of December 3 82,000,020 Other comprehensive income 25,910,940 Balance as of December 31, 2013 107,910,960 Other comprehensive loss (3,353,952 ) Balance as of December 31, 2014 104,557,008 Other comprehensive loss (73,605,171 ) Balance as of December 31, 2015 30,951,837 During the year ended December 31, 2015, the entire unrealized gain associated with the available for sale securities amounting to US$ 146,929 available-for-sale securities.

Non-controlling interests

Non-controlling interests	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Non-controlling interests [Abstract]
Non-controlling interest	25. Non-controlling interests As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the non-controlling interests consisted of the following: Ownership December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. 10 % 19,392 18,819 Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. 20 % 48 -

Subsequent events

Subsequent events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Subsequent events [Abstract]
Subsequent events	26. Subsequent events On January 15, 2016, Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. acquired a parcel of land in Zhengzhou, Henan Province for a purchase price of RMB 420.3 64.0 On February 18, 2016, Henan Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. acquired a parcel of land in Zhengzhou, Henan Province for a purchase price of RMB 679.2 104.0 On January 14, 2016, the Company acquired a parcel of land, located on 10th Avenue and between 44th Street and 45th Street, in Midtown Manhattan for US$ 57.5 On January 27, 2016, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the second tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of US$ 107 7.47 On March 14, 2016, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the third tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of US$ 77 7.09 In February 2016, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the May 2018 Secured Notes and the June 2019 Secured Notes, we amended the Indentures to give us additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) amend the provisions relating to future Subsidiary Guarantors, JV Subsidiary Guarantors and pledged subsidiary Capital Stock (each, as defined in the Indentures); (ii) amend the “Limitation on Indebtedness and Preferred Stock” covenant; (iii) amend the “Limitation on Transactions with Shareholders and Affiliates” covenant and the provisions relating to “Designation of Restricted Subsidiaries and Unrestricted Subsidiaries”; (iv) amend the definition of “Permitted Investment” and the “Limitation on Restricted Payments” covenant; and (v) remove the “Limitation on the Company's Business Activities” covenant and amend the related definitions and provisions. The amendments also clarify certain other provisions in the Indentures.

Condensed financial information

Condensed financial information of the Company	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Condensed financial information of the Company [Abstract]
Condensed financial information of the Company	27. Condensed financial information of the Company The condensed financial statements of Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under the PRC laws and regulations, the Company's PRC subsidiaries are restricted in their ability to transfer certain of their net assets to the Company in the form of dividend payments, loans or advances. The amounts restricted include paid-in capital and statutory reserves, as determined pursuant to PRC generally accepted accounting principles, totaling US$ 387,450,518 379,829,487 Condensed Balance Sheets Year ended December 31 2014 2015 US$ US$ ASSETS Current assets Cash and cash equivalents 4,392,766 1,295,835 Other deposits and prepayments 1,774,032 2,389,045 Other current assets 233,474 28 Due from subsidiaries 585,756,827 592,565,997 Total current assets 592,157,099 596,250,905 Other assets - - Deferred charges 7,428,245 8,154,290 Investments in subsidiaries 900,701,691 962,901,445 TOTAL ASSETS 1,500,287,035 1,567,306,640 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities Short-term bank loan 130,024,345 222,226,246 PRC income tax payable 13,388 13,388 PRC other tax payable 902,190 902,190 Other payable and accrued liabilities 8,715,979 8,194,395 Payroll and welfare payables - - Other long-term debt due within one year - - Total current liabilities 139,655,902 231,336,219 Other long-term debt 400,000,000 400,000,000 Total liabilities 539,655,902 631,336,219 Shareholders' equity Common shares, $ 0.0001 Authorized- 500,000,000 144,879,900 147,019,802 15,831 15,835 Treasury shares (20,696,268 ) (24,045,440 ) Additional paid-in capital 530,670,112 531,233,336 Retained earnings 450,641,458 428,766,690 Total shareholders' equity 960,631,133 935,970,421 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 1,500,287,035 1,567,306,640 Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income Year ended December 31 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Sales tax - - - General and administrative expenses (16,494,847 ) (8,860,382 ) (10,301,067 ) Operating loss (16,494,847 ) (8,860,382 ) (10,301,067 ) Interest expense (24,635,780 ) (58,515,706 ) (58,576,635 ) Interest income 749,408 1,289,907 3,533 Loss on extinguishment of debt - (9,848,931 ) - Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net 166,737,483 124,450,842 135,356,276 Income from operations before income taxes 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Income taxes - - - Net income attributable to common shareholders 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil Foreign currency translation adjustments 25,910,940 (3,353,952 ) (73,605,171 ) Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to shareholders 152,267,204 45,161,778 (7,123,064 ) Condensed Statements of Cash Flows Year ended December 31 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Cash flows from operating activities: Net income 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net (166,737,483 ) (124,450,842 ) (135,356,276 ) Accretion of long-term debt 288,220 - - Stock based compensation expense 160,549 1,912,471 3,326,175 Amortization of deferred financing cost 640,565 1,620,695 2,378,767 Loss on extinguishment of debt - 9,848,931 - Other deposits and prepayments (12,690,088 ) 10,916,056 (615,013 ) Other current assets (278,908 ) 45,434 233,446 Other assets 98,294 - - Other payable and accrued liabilities 8,081,370 (737,739 ) (521,582 ) Payroll and welfare payables 5,149,011 (5,149,011 ) - Accrued interest (1,352,000 ) - - Net cash used in operating activities (40,284,206 ) (57,478,275 ) (64,072,376 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Changes in due from a subsidiary (150,361,777 ) (140,334,182 ) (6,809,170 ) Proceeds from short-term bank loans 45,000,000 130,024,345 207,805,203 Repayments of short-term bank loans (70,000,000 ) (35,000,000 ) (115,603,302 ) Proceeds from other long-term debts 475,761,009 - - Repayment of other long-term debts (40,000,000 ) (75,761,009 ) - Issuance of treasury shares 32,792,232 - - Purchase of treasury shares (5,767,160 ) (17,610,787 ) (3,349,172 ) Dividends to shareholders (14,724,740 ) (15,288,919 ) (14,751,704 ) Deferred charges (9,585,309 ) - (3,104,812 ) Purchase of shares under RSU plan - (7,042,725 ) (3,259,998 ) Loss on extinguishment of debt - (9,848,931 ) - Proceeds from exercise of stock options 5,060,918 1,080,530 48,400 Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities 268,175,173 (169,781,678 ) 60,975,445 Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 227,890,967 (227,259,953 ) (3,096,931 ) Cash and cash equivalents, at the beginning of the year 3,761,752 231,652,719 4,392,766 Cash and cash equivalents, at end of the period 231,652,719 4,392,766 1,295,835 (a) Basis of presentation In the company-only financial statements, the Company's investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost plus its equity interest in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries since inception. The company-only financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company records its investment in its subsidiaries under the equity method of accounting as prescribed in ASC 323 “ Investment-Equity Method and Joint Ventures The subsidiaries did not pay any dividends to the Company for the periods presented. (b) Related party transactions As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the Company had US$ 525,946,603 521,416,425 In 2013, the Company also entered into a separate loan facility agreement with XIN Development. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company will provide a loan facility to XIN Development for the period from July 1, 2013 to January 18, 2017 amounting to US$ 50,000,000 17.5 71,149,572 59,810,224 22,047,693 10,708,345 (c) Commitments The Company does not have significant commitments or long-term obligations as of the period end presented.

Summary of significant accoun35

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policy)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]
The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation	(a) The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation Xinyuan Real Estate Co. Ltd. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) are principally engaged in residential real estate development and the provision of property management services. The Group's operations are conducted mainly in the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). In 2012, the Group expanded its business into the U.S. residential real estate market. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which control is transferred out of the Group. Where there is a loss of control of a subsidiary, the consolidated financial statements include the results for the part of the reporting year during which the Group has control. In accordance with ASC 810 Consolidation the Company was considered as the primary beneficiary of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo, as it has the power to direct the activities of Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo that most significantly impact their economic performance and has the obligation to absorb the losses and the right to receive benefits from Shanghai Junxin, Jinan Wanzhuo and Changsha Wanzhuo through its voting interest underlying the 51 95 75 95 90 80 in accordance with PRC Company Law and the articles of association of Jinan Wanzhuo, Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao, respectively. Based on the above, Jinan Wanzhuo, , Henan Quansheng and Zhengzhou Shengdao are consolidated by the Company. Shanghai Junxin, with registered capital of US$ 0.8 5.0 49 81.2 497.6 two 11.5 15.5 one 49 49 Jinan Wanzhuo, with registered capital of US$ 48.8 300.0 5 111.7 685.0 two 11.24 one 5 of non-controlling equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo will be repurchased by the Company in cash at the earlier of the second anniversary of the transaction date, or the date the Company elects to repurchase the 5 equity interest of Jinan Wanzhuo. The Company can exercise its right of redemption starting from the first anniversary of the transaction date. Therefore, the non-controlling interest is mandatorily redeemable and is accounted for as liability in accordance with ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity . In addition, since the Company planned to repurchase the 5 12 Changsha Wanzhuo, with registered capital of US$ 16.3 100.0 25 65.4 400.0 nine 12 one 25 25 from Lianxin and Changsha Wanzhuo ceased to be VIE . Zhengzhou Shengdao, with registered capital of US$ 3.3 20.0 20 86.0 526.0 two 10.984 two 20 20 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity . In addition, since the Company has no 20 12 Henan Quansheng, with registered capital of US$ 6.5 40.0 10 38.1 233.0 two 11 one 10 10 480 Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity no 10 12 The carrying amounts and classifications of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs are as follows: December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Current assets 681,567,691 412,763,119 Non-current assets 2,268,129 7,469,208 Total assets 683,835,820 420,232,327 Current liabilities 537,233,210 262,759,976 Non-current liabilities 82,124,393 66,219,046 Total liabilities 619,357,603 328,979,022 The financial performance and cash flows of the VIEs are as follows: Year ended December 31, 2014 Year ended December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Revenue 25,715,106 168,108,983 Cost of revenue (21,406,445 ) (125,707,809 ) Net (loss)/profit (1,702,533 ) 9,944,795 Net cash used in operating activities (252,000,125 ) (4,601,835 ) Net cash used in investing activities (799,144 ) (6,098,628 ) Net cash provided by financing activities 358,987,226 35,532,406 As of December 31, 2015, the current liabilities of the VIEs included amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group of US$ 55,881,889 214,657,398 As of December 31, 2015, the land use rights included in real estate properties under development of the VIEs of US$ 289,057,933 404,133,649 no The VIEs contributed 14.4 2.8
Use of Estimates	(b) Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the selection of the useful lives of property and equipment and capital lease, allowance for doubtful debt associated with accounts receivable, other receivables, deposit for land use rights, other deposits and prepayments twelve twelve
Fair value of financial instruments	(c) Fair value of financial instruments Financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted deposit, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from employees, due from related party, other receivables, investment in joint venture and other long-term investment, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, and borrowings. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted deposit, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other deposits and prepayments, due from employees, due from related party, other receivables, accounts payable, customer deposits, other payables and accrued liabilities, and short-term bank borrowings approximate their fair value due to the short term maturities of these instruments. The Group is exposed to credit risk for financial assets and its maximum amount of loss in the event of non-performance by the counterparty is the recorded amount. The Group generally does not require collateral for its financial assets or liabilities, except as disclosed in Note 10, Note 11 and Note 12. Trading securities were initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured at the end of each reporting period with the adjustment in its fair value recognized in profit and loss. Available-for-sale securities were initially recognized at cost and subsequently remeasured at the end of each reporting period with the adjustment in its fair value recognized in accumulated comprehensive income. Investment in joint ventures and other long-term investments have no quoted market prices and it is not practicable to estimate their fair value without incurring excessive costs. The Group reviews the investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may no The carrying amounts of the long-term borrowings approximate their fair values because the stated interest rates approximate rates currently offered by financial institutions for similar debt instruments of comparable credit risk and maturities. Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1-Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets Level 2-Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place Level 3-Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity The carrying values of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values except for the short-term investments. ASC 820 describes three main approaches for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset. In accordance with ASC 820, the investment in equity securities, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”)
Foreign currency translation	(d) Foreign currency translation The Group's financial information is presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company is U.S. dollars. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries in the PRC is Renminbi (“RMB”), the currency of the PRC. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries in Malaysia is Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), the currency of the Malaysia. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiaries other than those in the PRC and Malaysia is U.S. dollars. Transactions by the Company's subsidiaries in the PRC which are denominated in currencies other than RMB are remeasured into RMB at the exchange rate quoted by the People's Bank of China (“PBOC”) prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in a currency other than RMB are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as exchange gains. The consolidated financial statements of the Company's subsidiaries have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC 830, “Foreign Currency Matters” The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. December 31, December 31, December 31, Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate 6.0969 6.1190 6.4936 Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate 6.1956 6.1424 6.2272 The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the rates used in translation.
Cash and cash equivalents	(e) Cash and cash equivalents The Group considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Group maintains bank accounts mainly in the PRC, Hong Kong and United States. The vast majority of the PRC bank balances are denominated in RMB. Hong Kong and United States bank balances are denominated in U.S. dollars. Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with various state-owned and private banks within the PRC, Hong Kong and United States. Total cash in banks at December 31, 2015 amounted to US$ 387,528,092 140,494,754
Restricted cash and restricted deposit	(f) Restricted cash and restricted deposit The Group is required to maintain certain deposits with banks that provide mortgage loans to the Group's customers in order to purchase residential units from the Group (see Note 14). These balances are subject to withdrawal restrictions and totaled US$ 47,351,169 29,674,355 315,786,041 333,092,735 232,351,854 68,990,158 69,357,738 24,513,809 29,918,940 68,672,151
Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale	(g) Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale Real estate properties consist of finished residential unit sites, commercial offices and residential unit sites under development. The Group leases the land for the residential unit sites under land use right leases with various terms from the PRC. Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale are stated at the lower of carrying amounts or fair value less selling costs. Expenditures for land development, including cost of land use rights, deed tax, pre-development costs and engineering costs, are capitalized and allocated to development projects by the specific identification method. Costs are allocated to specific units within a project based on the ratio of the sales value of units to the estimated total sales value times the total project costs. Costs of amenities transferred to buyers are allocated as common costs of the project that are allocated to specific units as a component of total construction costs. For amenities retained by the Group, costs in excess of the related fair value of the amenities are also treated as common costs. Results of operations of amenities retained by the Group are included in the current operating results. In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” When the profitability of a current project deteriorates due to a slowdown in the sales pace, reduction of pricing or some other factor, this indicates that there may be a possible future loss on delivery and possible impairment in the recoverability of the assets. Accordingly, the assets of such project are subsequently reviewed for future losses and impairment by comparing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows for the project to the carrying value of such project. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the asset's carrying value, such deficit will be charged as a future loss and the asset will then be written down to its estimated fair value. The Group determines estimated fair value primarily by discounting the estimated future cash flows relating to the asset. In estimating the cash flows for a project, the Group uses various factors including (a) the expected pace at which the planned number of units will be sold, based on competitive market conditions, historical trends in sales pace and actual average selling prices of similar product offerings and any other long or short-term economic conditions which may impact the market in which the project is located; (b) the estimated net sales prices expected to be attained based on the current market conditions and historical price trends, as well as any estimated increases in future sales prices based upon the projected rate of unit sales, the estimated time gap between presale and expected delivery, the impact of government policies, the local and regional competitive environment, and certain external factors such as the opening of a subway line, school or factory; and (c) the expected costs to be incurred in the future by the Group, including, but not limited to, construction cost, construction overhead, sales and marketing, sales taxes and interest costs. The Group's determination of fair value requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate commensurate with the inherent risk associated with the assets and related estimated cash flows. The discount rate used in determining each project's fair value depends on the stage of development, location and other specific factors that increase or decrease the risk associated with the estimated cash flows. The properties held for sale consist of finished lots for single family home communities and custom homes located in Reno, Nevada, U.S., and finished condominium units located in Irvine, California, U.S., which were acquired in the second and third quarter of 2012, respectively. All of the properties held for sale were sold as of December 31, 2015. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties completed, under development and held for sale.
Revenue recognition	(h) Revenue recognition Real estate sales are reported in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” “Real Estate-Retail Land” Percentage-of-completion method Revenue and profit from the sale of development properties is recognized by the percentage-of-completion method on the sale of individual units when the following conditions are met: • Construction is beyond a preliminary stage. • The buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit. • Sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property. • Sales prices are collectible. • Aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated. If any of the above criteria is not met, proceeds are accounted for as customer deposits until the criteria are met. During parts of 2011 and 2012 the Group offered certain homebuyers seller-financing arrangements. All the homebuyers entered into such arrangement were subject to credit verification procedures. In addition, accounts receivable balances are unsecured, but monitored on an ongoing basis via the Group's management reporting procedures. The Group provided longer payment terms, ranging between six months to two years to particular home buyers after applying strict credit requirements based on the Group's credit policy. In the second half of 2012, execution of seller-financed contracts dropped significantly to the point that the Group did not offer seller-financed contracts to second home buyers starting in the fourth quarter of 2012. Commencing in the second quarter of 2014, the Group again offer seller-financed contracts. Under current seller-financed contract arrangements, the buyer pays the purchase price for the residential unit in installment payments over one year. 10 20 70 within 180 days to 270 days and the final payment 30 days before delivery Since 2013, PRC banks have tightened the distributions of mortgage loans to homebuyers. Therefore, mortgage loans for homebuyers have been subject to longer processing periods or even denied by the banks. The Group took the position that the processing periods of the contracts with underlying mortgage loans exceeding one 4.2 28 Under the percentage of completion method, revenues from units sold and related costs are recognized over the course of the construction period, based on the completion progress of a project. In relation to any project, revenue is determined by calculating the ratio of incurred costs, including land use rights costs and construction costs, to total estimated costs and applying that ratio to the contracted sales amounts. Cost of sales is recognized by determining the ratio of contracted sales during the period to total estimated sales value, and applying that ratio to the incurred costs. Current period amounts are calculated based on the difference between the life-to-date project totals and the previously recognized amounts. The effect of changes to total estimated contract cost or revenues, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined. Revenue recognized to date in excess of amounts received from customers is classified as current assets under real estate properties under development. Amounts received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to date are classified as current liabilities under customer deposits. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015, the gross amounts received from customers in excess of revenues recognized were US$ 223.5 280.2 Any losses occurred or forecast to occur on real estate transactions are recognized in the period in which the loss is first anticipated. Full accrual method Revenue from sales of development properties where the construction period, the period from the construction permit award date to the unit delivery date is expected to be 12 12 For the year ended December 31, 2013, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$ 1.2 resale of several parcels of the Northern Nevada Land Portfolio and US$ 5.4 7 15 For the year ended December 31, 2014, revenue was recognized in the amount of US$ 4.9 7 15 0.8 0.8 for the sales of the remaining 1 Real estate lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the tenancy agreements. Depreciation cost and maintenance cost of the property are recorded as the cost of rental income. Other revenue includes services ancillary to the Group's real estate projects, including property management, landscaping and computer network engineering. Property management income is ratably as services are provided over the term of the property management agreements. Landscaping and computer network engineering income is recognized when services are provided.
Accounts receivable	(i) Accounts receivable Accounts receivable consists of balances due from customers for the sale of residential units in the PRC. These balances are unsecured, bear no Accounts receivable are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no
Other receivables	(j) Other receivables Other receivables consist of various cash advances to unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships. The balance as at December 31, 2015 mainly included the amounts that the Company paid to third parties related to the direct negotiation model in acquiring lands. Other receivables are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances becomes doubtful. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no
Deposits for land use rights	(k) Deposits for land use rights Deposits for land use rights consist of upfront cash payments made to local land bureaus to secure land use rights under executed short-term or long-term land framework cooperation agreements or land use rights agreements. Deposits for land use rights are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no
Other deposits and prepayments	(l) Other deposits and prepayments Other deposits and prepayments mainly consist of upfront cash payments made to third parties related to direct negotiation model in acquiring lands . Other deposits and prepayments are reviewed periodically as to whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if the collectability of the balances become doubtful. There were no
Advances to suppliers	(m) Advances to suppliers Advances to suppliers consist of balances paid to contractors and vendors for services and materials that have not been provided or received and generally relate to the development and construction of residential units in the PRC. Advances to suppliers are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. The Group considers the assets to be impaired if it is doubtful that the services and materials can be provided. As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, there was no
Customer deposits	(n) Customer deposits Customer deposits consist of amounts received from customers relating to the sale of residential units in the PRC. In the PRC, customers will generally obtain financing for the purchase of their residential unit prior to the completion of the project. The lending institution will provide the funding to the Group upon the completion of the financing rather than the completion of the project. The Group receives these funds and recognizes them as a current liability until the revenue can be recognized.
Notes payable and other payables	(o) Notes payable and other payables Notes payable represents short-term bank acceptance notes issued by financial institutions that entitle the holder to receive the stated amount from the financial institutions at the maturity date of the notes. The Group has utilized notes payable to settle amounts owed to suppliers and contractors. The notes payable is non-interest bearing and is normally settled within six 2,453,228 46,986,399 Other payables consist of balances for non-construction costs with unrelated companies and individuals with which the Group has business relationships.
Real estate properties held for lease, net	(p) Real estate properties held for lease, net Real estate properties held for lease are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the real estate properties held for lease are 20 60 Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expenses as incurred. Major additions and improvements to the real estate properties held for lease are capitalized. In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the Group did not recognize any impairment for real estate properties held for lease.
Property and equipment, net	(q) Property and equipment, net Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows: Aircraft 15 Vehicles 5 Furniture and fixtures 5 Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred unless such expenditures extend the useful life or represent a betterment, in which case they are capitalized.
Long-term investments	(r) Long-term investments The Group accounts for long-term investments as equity method investment and cost method investments as follows: Where the Group has significant influence over the investee, the Group applies the equity method of accounting in accordance with ASC subtopic 323-10-20 (“ASC 323-10-20”), Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures On October 21, 2013, the Group acquired a 51 On March 19, 2014, the Group together with other four 40 40 In accordance with ASC subtopic 325-20 (“ASC 325-20”), Investments-Other: Cost Method Investments, As of December 31, 2014 and 2015, the Group has a 1.85 in Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. The Group does not exercise significant influence over Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. and therefore, the Group accounts for the investment under the cost method. Investment income is recognized by the Group when the investee declares a dividend and the Group believes it is collectible. As of December 31, 2015, the Group has an 80 in Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Ruihao Rongtong”). In accordance with ASC 325-20, Cost Method Investments There was nil dividend received for the 2013, 2014 and 2015. No impairment provision was provided for the Company's long-term investments for any of the periods presented.
Capitalized interest	(s) Capitalized interest The Group capitalizes interest as a component of building construction costs in accordance with ASC 835, “Interest” As a result of the total interest costs capitalized during the period, the interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, was as follows: 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt 640,565 3,744,695 6,554,767 Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note 288,220 - - Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease 778,032 2,896,977 2,617,000 Interest on borrowings 36,515,162 128,014,504 171,035,655 Total interest costs 38,221,979 134,656,176 180,207,422 Less: total interest costs capitalized (21,359,447 ) (106,455,409 ) (159,926,006 ) Interest expense, net 16,862,532 28,200,767 20,281,416
Retirement benefits	(t) Retirement benefits Regulations in the PRC require the Group to contribute to a defined contribution retirement plan for all permanent employees. Pursuant to the mandatory requirement from the local authority in the PRC, the retirement pension insurance, unemployment insurance, health insurance and housing fund were established for the employees during the term they are employed. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, the level of contribution to these funds for each employee was determined at 43 10,664,576 3,471,862 7,328,091 Employee benefits for the remaining wholly owned subsidiaries were immaterial.
Distribution of earnings and reserve fund	(u) Distribution of earnings and reserve fund The Company's ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on the Company receiving distributions from its subsidiaries. The earnings reflected in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP differ from those reflected in the statutory financial statements of the Company's subsidiaries. In accordance with the PRC Company Law, the PRC subsidiaries are required to transfer 10 50 25
Income taxes	(v) Income taxes The Group accounts for income tax using the balance sheet method. Deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as unutilized net operating losses. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Group is able to realize their benefits, or that future utilization is uncertain. The Group assesses its need for valuation allowances by tax reporting unit by jurisdiction. Interest and penalties arising from underpayment of income taxes is recognized according to the relevant tax law. The amount of interest expense to be recognized is computed by applying the applicable statutory rate of interest to the difference between the tax position recognized and the amount previously taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Interest recognized in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Tax” In accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10, the Group recognizes in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if a tax return's position or future tax position is “more likely than not” to prevail (defined as a likelihood of more than fifty fifty
Land Appreciation Tax ("LAT")	(w) Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”) In accordance with the relevant taxation laws for real estate companies of the provinces in which the subsidiaries operate in the PRC, the local tax authorities levy LAT based on progressive rates ranging from 30 60
Comprehensive income	(x) Comprehensive income Comprehensive income is defined as the changes in equity of the Group during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, ASC topic 220, Comprehensive Income
Advertising and promotion expenses	(y) Advertising and promotion expenses Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred, or the first time the activity takes place, in accordance with ASC 720-35, “Advertising Costs 35,350,419 18,096,298 32,137,186
Leases	(z) Leases In accordance with ASC 840, “ Leases 75 90 On October 23, 2012, the Group entered into an agreement with Minsheng Hongtai (Tianjin) Aircraft Leasing Co., Ltd. to lease a corporate aircraft (see Note 13).The lease meets the transfer-of-ownership to the lessee criterion and is therefore classified as a capital lease. The capital lease is measured at the commencement of the lease at an amount equal to the present value at the beginning of the lease term of minimum lease payments during the lease term excluding that portion of the payments representing executory costs (such as insurance, maintenance, and taxes to be paid by the lessor) including any profit thereon. During the lease term, each minimum lease payment is allocated between a reduction of the obligation and interest expense to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the obligation (the interest method). A leased asset is amortized in a manner consistent with the Group's normal depreciation policy for owned assets (see Note 6). All other leases are accounted for as operating leases wherein rental payments are expensed as incurred. Certain lease arrangements contain escalation clauses. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Group recorded operating lease expenses of US$ 7,613,448 3,694,591 6,031,670
Property warranty	(aa) Property warranty The Company and its subsidiaries provide customers with warranties which cover major defects of building structure and certain fittings and facilities of properties sold as stipulated in the relevant sales contracts. The warranty period varies from two three The Group regularly estimates potential costs for materials and labor with regards to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a property. Reserves are determined based on historical data and trends with respect to similar property types and geographical areas. The Group regularly monitors the warranty reserve and makes adjustments to its pre-existing warranties, if any, in order to reflect changes in trends and historical data as information becomes available. The Group may seek recourse against its contractors or any related third parties if it can be demonstrated they are at fault. In addition, the Group withholds up to 5 2 5
Earnings per share	(ab) Earnings per share Earnings per share are calculated in accordance with ASC 260, “ Earnings Per Share
Treasury Shares	(ac) Treasury Shares The Company accounted for shares repurchased as treasury shares at cost in accordance to ASC Subtopic 505-30 (“ASC 505-30”), “ Treasury Shares On J uly 12, 2013, the Board of Directors unanimously authorized management to repurchase up to 60 million of the Company's shares from the approval date to July 5, 2015. On December 28, 2015, the Board of Directors unanimously authorized management to repurchase up to 40 13,470,488 24,045,440
Senior Secured Notes	(ad) Senior Secured Notes On May 3, 2013, the Company issued notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$ 200,000,000 13.25 no "Derivatives and Hedging On December 6, 2013, the Company issued notes with an aggregate principal amount of US$ 200,000,000 13 no In February 2015, through a consent solicitation to the holders of the May 2018 Secured Notes and the June 2019 Secured Notes, the Company amended the May 2018 and June 2019 Indentures (collectively, known as the “Indentures”) to provide it with additional flexibility in pursuing new business opportunities and new sources of capital. The amendments to the Indentures include: (i) to incur additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Indentures) in furtherance of the Company's business plans; (ii) make certain Restricted Payments (as defined in the Indentures) and Permitted Investments (as defined in the Indentures); and (iii) make certain deemed Investments (as defined in the Indentures) without having to satisfy the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Indentures) requirement. The amendments also amend (i) the “Limitation on Issuances of Guarantees by Restricted Subsidiaries” covenant in the Indentures to the extent that the Company believes necessary as a result of the amendments to other covenants and (ii) the “Limitation on Asset Sales” covenant in the Indentures to remove the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio requirement for Asset Dispositions (as defined in the Indentures). The amendments also amended certain related definitions in the Indentures. The Company accounted for the amendments, which did not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to ASC 470-50, Debt – Modifications and Exchanges. Onshore corporate bonds On December 28, 2015, Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. issued the first tranche of the onshore corporate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of RMB 1 154 7.5 no
Deferred charges	(ae) Deferred charges Debt issuance costs are capitalized as deferred charges and amortized over the life of the loan to which they relate using the effective interest method. The remaining debt issuance cost to be amortized as of December 31, 2015 amounted to US$ 12,504,255 9,048,940 16,677,352
Short-term investments	(af) Short-term investments All highly liquid investments with original maturities of greater than three Investments-Debt and Equity Securities: Overall The securities that the Company has positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and stated at amortized cost. For individual securities classified as held-to-maturity securities, the Company evaluates whether a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis is other-than-temporary in accordance with the Company's policy and ASC 320-10. When the Company intends to sell an impaired debt security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, an other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to have occurred. In these instances, the other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal to the entire excess of the debt security's amortized cost basis over its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the assessment is made. When the Company does not intend to sell an impaired debt security and it is more-likely-than-not that it will not be required to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company must determine whether or not it will recover its amortized cost basis. If the Company concludes that it will not, an other-than-temporary impairment exists and that portion of the credit loss is recognized in earnings, while the portion of loss related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. The securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities. Realized gains and losses, and unrealized gains and losses for trading securities are included in earnings. Investments not classified as trading or as held-to-maturity are classified as available-for-sale securities. Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains or losses are charged to earnings during the period in which the gain or loss is realized. An impairment loss on available-for-sale securities would be recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income when the decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary.
Asset acquisition and business combinations	(ag) Asset acquisition and business combinations Pursuant to ASC 805 (“ASC 805”), Business Combinations three a. Input. Any economic resource that creates, or has the ability to create, outputs when one b. Process. Any system, standard, protocol, convention, or rule that when applied to an input or inputs, creates or has the ability to create outputs. c. Output. The result of inputs and processes applied to those inputs that provide or have the ability to provide a return in the form of dividends, lower costs, or other economic benefits directly to investors or other owners, members, or participants. The Company accounted for its acquisitions of Sanya Beida Shanghai Junxin and Shandong Renju on January 27, 2014, February 24, 2014 and March 1, 2015 as asset acquisitions, respectively, since the acquired entities had no
Effect of change in estimate	(ah) Effect of change in estimate Revisions in estimated gross profit margins related to percentage of completion revenues are made in the period in which circumstances requiring the revisions become known. During the year ended December 31, 2015 real estate development projects (Jinan Xinyuan Splendid, Zhengzhou Royal Palace, Xuzhou Colorful Garden, Zhengzhou Century East B, Zhengzhou Xin City, Suzhou Lake Royal Palace, Kunshan Royal Palace, Henan Thriving Family, Xingyang Splendid Phase I, Beijing Xindo Park, Zhengzhou Yipin Xiangshan Phase II, Changsha Xinyuan Splendid), which recognized gross profits in 2014, had changes in their estimated gross profit margins. 40.6 52.1 54.3 10.8 39.1 40.7 8.1 0.27 0.28 0.05 0.27 0.27 0.05
Share-based compensation	(ai) Share-based compensation The Group has adopted ASC 718 “ Compensation-Stock Compensation For options granted with performance conditions, share-based compensation expense is recognized based on the probable outcome of the performance condition. A performance condition is not taken into consideration in determining fair value of the non-vested shares granted.
Segment Reporting	(aj) Segment Reporting In accordance with ASC 280 “ Segment Reporting
Goodwill	(ak) Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the amounts assigned to the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed of an acquired business. In accordance with ASC 350, “ Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Testing Goodwill for Impairment two two two The performance of the impairment test in accordance to ASC 350 involves a two-step process. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. Fair value is primarily determined by computing the future discounted cash flows expected to be generated by the reporting unit. If the reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, goodwill may be impaired. If this occurs, the Company performs the second step of the goodwill impairment test to determine the amount of impairment loss. The fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to its assets and liabilities in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill. If the implied goodwill fair value is less than its carrying value, the difference is recognized an impairment loss. In accordance with ASC 350, the Group assigned and assessed goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below the operating segment. Management evaluated the recoverability of goodwill by performing a qualitative assessment before using a two-step impairment test approach at the reporting unit level. Based on an assessment of the qualitative factors, management determined that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is in excess of its carrying amount. Therefore, management concluded that it was not necessary to proceed to the two-step goodwill impairment test. No impairment loss was recorded for any of the years presented.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	(al) Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 2014, Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-12, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718); Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period (“ASU 2014-12”). In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15 Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). The guidance requires an entity to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued and to provide related footnote disclosures in certain circumstances. The guidance is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Group's consolidated financial statements. In March 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest — Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) — Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (“ASU 2015-03”). In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers-Deferral of the effective date Revenue from Contracts with Customers In November 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes-Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes

Background information of bus36

Background information of business and organization (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Background information of business and organization [Abstract]
Schedule of Subsidiaries and its Consolidated Variable Interest Entities	Company Name Registered Place and Paid-up Percentage Principal Activities Subsidiary companies: Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd. Cayman Islands October 6, 2011 US$ 500,000 100 % Investment holding company Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited. Hong Kong October 26, 2011 HK$ 3,000,000 100 % Investment holding company XIN Development Group International Inc. United States November 10, 2011 US$ 0 100 % Investment holding company Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. (“Xinyuan”) Cayman Islands January 27, 2006 US$ 50,000,000 100 % Investment holding company South Glory International Ltd. Hong Kong January 17, 2001 HK$ 10,000 100 % Investment holding company Victory Good Development Ltd. Hong Kong January 17, 2001 HK$ 10,000 100 % Investment holding company Elite Quest Holdings Ltd. Hong Kong November 19, 2001 HK$ 10,000 100 % Investment holding company XIN Irvine, LLC United States July 12, 2012 US$ 50,000 100 % Real estate development Vista Sierra, LLC United States May 1, 2012 US$ 0 100 % Real estate development XIN Development Management East, LLC United States August 28, 2012 US$ 1,000 100 % Property management services XIN NY Holding, LLC United States August 29, 2012 US$ 1,000 100 % Investment holding company 421 Kent Development, LLC United States August 29, 2012 US$ 1,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Sailing Co., Ltd. Hong Kong June 21, 2013 HK$ 3,000,000 100 % Investment holding company AWAN Plasma Sdn Bhd Malaysia April 16, 2007 MYR 33,577,000 100 % Real estate development XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd Malaysia July 9, 2014 MYR 33,217,000 100 % Investment holding company Xinyuan Internet Finance Co., Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company New Dawn International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company New Legend International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company NewPoint International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company NewGrace International Ltd. Cayman Islands July 7, 2015 US$ 50,000 100 % Investment holding company China Online Finance Research Institute Limited Hong Kong July 17, 2015 US$ 1,000,000 100 % Dormant Genesis Ocean Investments Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Honest View Development Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Honour Triumph Enterprises Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Well Poly Holdings Ltd. Hong Kong August 19, 2015 HK$ 100 100 % Investment holding company Zhengzhou Yasheng Construction Material Co., Ltd. PRC October 22, 2013 US$ 50,000,000 100 % Sales of construction material Zhengzhou Jiasheng Real Estate Co., Ltd PRC December 2, 2013 US$ 60,000,000 100 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Yusheng Landscape Design Co., Ltd. PRC December 25, 2013 US$ 70,000,000 100 % Landscaping engineering and management Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. (“WFOE”) PRC April 10, 2006 US$ 307,000,000 100 % Investment holding company Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Xinyuan”) PRC May 19, 1997 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Qingdao Xinyuan Xiangrui Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC February 9, 2006 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Real estate development Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Xinyuan”) PRC June 2, 2006 RMB 300,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Property Service Co., Ltd. PRC December 28, 1998 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Property management services Zhengzhou Mingyuan Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd. PRC February 17, 2004 RMB 2,000,000 100 % Landscaping engineering and management Zhengzhou Xinyuan Computer Network Engineering Co., Ltd. PRC May 26, 2004 RMB 2,000,000 100 % Installation of intercom systems Henan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Henan Wanzhuo”) PRC December 29, 2011 RMB 20,000,000 100 % Real estate development Suzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Suzhou Xinyuan”) PRC November 24, 2006 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Anhui Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC December 7, 2006 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC January 31, 2008 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Real Estate (Chengdu) Co., Ltd. PRC June 12, 2007 RMB 220,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xuzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC November 09, 2009 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Henan Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC November 15, 2009 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Wanzhong”) PRC March 4, 2008 RMB 900,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Heju Management Consulting Service Co., Ltd. PRC January 16, 2009 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xinyuan Renju (Beijing) Asset Management Co., Ltd. PRC January 16, 2009 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jiantou Xinyuan”) PRC June 13, 2005 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Priority Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd. PRC March 8, 2012 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Real estate consulting services Henan Xinyuan Priority Commercial Management Co., Ltd. PRC August 10, 2012 RMB 2,000,000 100 % Leasing management services Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC September 20, 2012 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC February 17, 2013 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC March 28, 2005 RMB 150,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing XIN Media Co., Ltd. PRC July 10, 2013 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Culture and Media services Xingyang Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC July 25, 2013 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development APEC Construction Investment (Beijing) Co., Ltd. PRC August 1, 2013 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Dormant Beijing Xinxiang Huicheng Decoration Co., Ltd. PRC October 18, 2013 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Property decoration services Xinrongji (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd. PRC December 25, 2013 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Dormant Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd. PRC January 10, 2014 RMB 200,000,000 100 % Real estate development Chengdu Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC February 21, 2014 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd.* PRC May 27, 2014 RMB 100,000,000 80 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Hengsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC June 19, 2014 RMB 20,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Xinyuan Xindo Park E-commerce Co., Ltd. PRC August 12, 2014 RMB 202,000,000 100 % Electronic commerce Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. PRC September 15, 2014 RMB 20,000,000 90 % Real estate development Tianjin Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC September 17, 2014 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Real estate development Xi'an Xinyuan Metropolitan Business Management Co., Ltd. PRC November 25, 2014 RMB 3,000,000 100 % Property management services Beijing Xinleju Technology Development Co., Ltd. PRC December 24, 2014 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Technical service Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC April 3, 2014 RMB 100,000,000 100 % Real estate development Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Junxin”) PRC January 16, 2014 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Real estate development Beijing Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd PRC January 1, 2015 RMB 30,000,000 100 % Retail store Beijing Xinhe Investment Development Co.,Ltd PRC May 5, 2015 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Investment holding Jinan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd PRC December 4, 2015 RMB 3,000,000 100 % Retail store Henan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd PRC March 23, 2015 RMB 10,000,000 100 % Retail store Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. PRC July 27, 2015 RMB 40,000,000 100 % Real estate development Shanghai Hexinli Property Management Center (Limited partnership) PRC July 28, 2015 RMB 100,000 100 % Property management services Shenzhen Xilefu Internet Financial Service Co., Ltd. PRC June 12, 2015 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Dormant Shenzhen Xileju Technology Development Co., Ltd. PRC June 4, 2015 RMB 5,000,000 100 % Intelligent information system development Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Marketing Co., Ltd. PRC July 30, 2015 RMB 1,000,000 100 % Real estate marketing Shandong Xinyuan Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. ** PRC November 19, 2011 RMB 50,000,000 100 % Real estate development VIEs: Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Jinan Wanzhuo”) PRC December 4, 2013 RMB 300,000,000 95 % Real estate development Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.("Henan Quansheng") PRC January 14, 2015 RMB 40,000,000 90 % Real estate development Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. (“Zhengzhou Shengdao”) PRC October 14, 2013 RMB 20,000,000 80 % Real estate development * Liquidated on December 9, 2015 ** Acquired on March 1, 2015

Summary of significant accoun37

Summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Information Related to VIE's	December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Current assets 681,567,691 412,763,119 Non-current assets 2,268,129 7,469,208 Total assets 683,835,820 420,232,327 Current liabilities 537,233,210 262,759,976 Non-current liabilities 82,124,393 66,219,046 Total liabilities 619,357,603 328,979,022 Year ended December 31, 2014 Year ended December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Revenue 25,715,106 168,108,983 Cost of revenue (21,406,445 ) (125,707,809 ) Net (loss)/profit (1,702,533 ) 9,944,795 Net cash used in operating activities (252,000,125 ) (4,601,835 ) Net cash used in investing activities (799,144 ) (6,098,628 ) Net cash provided by financing activities 358,987,226 35,532,406
Schedule Of Foreign Currency Translation	December 31, December 31, December 31, Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate 6.0969 6.1190 6.4936 Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate 6.1956 6.1424 6.2272
Schedule Of Useful Lives	Aircraft 15 Vehicles 5 Furniture and fixtures 5
Schedule Of Interest Expense	2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt 640,565 3,744,695 6,554,767 Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note 288,220 - - Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease 778,032 2,896,977 2,617,000 Interest on borrowings 36,515,162 128,014,504 171,035,655 Total interest costs 38,221,979 134,656,176 180,207,422 Less: total interest costs capitalized (21,359,447 ) (106,455,409 ) (159,926,006 ) Interest expense, net 16,862,532 28,200,767 20,281,416

Short-term investments (Tables)

Short-term investments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Short-term investments [Abstract]
Schedule of Short-term Investments	December 31, 2014 US$ Aggregate fair value Cost Unrealized gain in profit and loss Trading securities: Equity securities 5,189,456 5,069,310 120,146 Money market instrument 819,021 817,134 1,887 Total 6,008,477 5,886,444 122,033 December 31, 2015 US$ Aggregate fair value Cost Unrealized gain In profit and loss Trading securities: REITs 1,167,647 1,124,293 43,354 Money market instrument 76,999 70,910 6,089 Total 1,244,646 1,195,203 49,443

Real estate properties develo39

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Real Estate Properties Development Completed, Under Development and Held For Sale	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Development completed: Zhengzhou Royal Palace 2,267,171 - Zhengzhou Century East A 7,907,556 4,775,131 Suzhou International City Garden 754,914 2,018,240 Hefei Wangjiang Garden 286,128 - Jinan International City Garden 778,376 - Suzhou Xin City - 16,736,651 Kunshan International City Garden 314,854 546,537 Real estate properties development completed 12,308,999 24,076,559 Under development: Current: Jinan Xinyuan Splendid 95,433,442 40,847,827 Xuzhou Colorful City 57,957,843 54,157,809 Zhengzhou Xin City 122,025,858 46,165,101 Suzhou Xin City 73,916,667 - Beijing Xindo Park 258,585,693 176,553,742 Kunshan Royal Palace 267,625,395 215,917,469 Suzhou Lake Royal Palace 233,846,400 267,569,547 Xingyang Splendid Phase I 44,991,390 32,010,140 Xingyang Splendid Phase II 35,341,974 43,311,674 Xingyang Splendid Phase III 22,910,650 23,896,026 Xingyang Splendid Phase IV 6,441,922 6,762,190 Zhengzhou Xindo Park (residential) 66,471,564 29,098,191 Zhengz hou Xindo Park (commercial) 41,827,678 73,294,372 Jinan Royal Palace 262,820,980 261,268,961 Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1 85,135,798 109,896,103 Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace 192,275,658 215,117,468 Changsha Xinyuan Splendid 151,442,473 194,444,916 Chengdu Thriving Family 222,716,181 258,173,028 Jinan Xin Central - 163,174,394 Zhengzhou Fancy City - 71,896,698 Tianjin Spring Royal Palace - 65,583,961 Zhengzhou Xindo Park - 39,117,259 Henan Xin Central I - 127,696,203 XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd (“Malaysia project”) (Note 9) 9,642,365 8,165,745 New York Oosten 119,947,878 226,208,448 2,371,357,809 2,750,327,272 Profit recognized 264,182,323 347,083,874 Less: progress billings (see Note 14) (920,965,080 ) (1,210,089,345 ) Total real estate properties under development 1,714,575,052 1,887,321,801 Northern Nevada Land Portfolio 588,000 - Lennox Project 597,217 - Real estate properties held for sale 1,185,217 - Total real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale 1,728,069,268 1,911,398,360

Real estate properties held f40

Real estate properties held for lease, net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Real estate properties held for lease, net [Abstract]
Schedule of Real Estate Properties Held for Lease, Net	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Elementary schools 3,485,673 3,284,593 Basement parking 1,979,104 10,181,887 Kindergartens 8,040,216 7,576,396 Parking facilities 19,238,109 18,128,308 Clubhouses 6,811,668 6,418,720 Shopping mall 40,322,338 38,499,378 Total costs 79,877,108 84,089,282 Accumulated depreciation (10,653,360 ) (12,956,700 ) Real estate properties held for lease, net 69,223,748 71,132,582
Schedule Of Minimum Rental Receivables	Year Amount US$ 2016 9,950,598 2017 9,947,668 2018 9,969,725 2019 10,048,191 2020 and thereafter 150,781,495 Total 190,697,677

Property and equipment, net (Ta

Property and equipment, net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Property and equipment, net [Abstract]
Schedule of Property and Equipment	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Corporate aircraft (Note 13) 43,184,212 40,693,020 Vehicles 4,919,955 4,636,135 Furniture and fixtures 6,914,706 7,044,387 Total 55,018,873 52,373,542 Accumulated depreciation (8,543,148 ) (13,050,220 ) Property and equipment, net 46,475,725 39,323,322

Other long-term investment (Tab

Other long-term investment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Other long-term investment [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Long-term Investment	Cost method investee Initial Cost Ownership December 31, December 31, US$ US$ US$ Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. 30,865,904 80 % - 30,865,904 Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. 241,648 1.85 % 241,648 241,648

Acquisition of subsidiaries (Ta

Acquisition of subsidiaries (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Schedule of Business Acquisition	US$ Cash consideration (10,000,000 ) Cash and cash equivalents acquired 2,200 Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents (9,997,800 ) US$ Total purchase price 10,000,000 Net identifiable assets acquired: Cash and cash equivalents 2,200 Land reclamation development 9, 740,000 Goodwill 278,300 Current liabilities (20,500 ) Net assets acquired 10,000,000

Short-term bank loans and oth44

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Short-term bank loans and other debt [Abstract]
Schedule of Short-Term Loans	December 31, December 31, 2014 2015 US$ US$ Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd. Due February 25, 2015 11 40,856,349 - 40,856,349 - Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. Due April 3, 2015 11 24,513,809 - 24,513,809 - Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd Due June 24, 2015 12.5 32,685,079 - 32,685,079 - Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. Due August 12, 2015 12 65,370,159 - 65,370,159 - Loan from The Bank of East Asia Due February 24, 2015 2.80 3 month 14,971,245 - Due February 25, 2015 2.60 3 month 20,353,100 - Due June 2, 2016 2.00 3 month - 9,675,655 Due August 16, 2016 1.40 3 month - 20,000,000 Due August 31, 2016 1.40 3 month - 9,700,000 Due September 20, 2016 1.40 3 month - 2,220,000 Due October 27, 2016 1.40 3 month - 13,250,000 Due November 18, 2016 1.25 3 month - 14,958,974 Due November 23, 2016 1.25 3 month - 34,421,617 35,324,345 104,226,246 Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch Due May 17, 2015 2 month 65,000,000 - Due July 21, 2016 1.2 - 30,000,000 Due September 26, 2016 1.55 - 13,000,000 Due October 11, 2016 1.55 - 20,000,000 65,000,000 63,000,000 Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") Due February 17, 2015 2.1 3 month 20,000,000 - Due March 2, 2015 2 3 month 9,700,000 - Due May 18, 2016 2 3 month - 10,000,000 Due October 5, 2016 1.6 3 month - 20,000,000 29,700,000 30,000,000 Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") Due September 21, 2016 1.7 3 month ***** - 25,000,000 - 25,000,000 Total short-term bank loans and other debt 293,449,741 222,226,246 * Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on November 12, 2014, which was designated as the lender by Lianxin, the non-controlling shareholder of Changsha Wanzhuo, this other short-term debt is secured by the Group's 75 ** Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these seven loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million, US$2.2 million, US$13.3 million , US$15.0 million and US$34.4 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$ 9,778,859 20,943,698 US$ 10,166,934 2,386,966 13,752,002 15,553,766 35,878,403 *** Pursuant to the loan contract with Bank of China Tokyo Branch , these three loans from Bank of China Tokyo Branch amounting to US$30.0 million, US$13.0 million and US$20.0 million in 2015 respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposit of 30,645,559 4 , US$ 13,705,803 21,097,696 **** Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Asia), these two loans from ICBC (Asia), amounting to US$10.0million and US$20.0million in 2015, respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of 10,799,845 4 21,251,694 4 5 ***** Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Thai), this loan from ICBC (Thai), amounting to US$25.0 million in 2015, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposits of US$ 26,410,620

Long-term bank loans (Tables)

Long-term bank loans (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Schedule of Long-Term Bank Loans	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Loan from ICBC Due July 20, 2016 5.25 14,708,286 10,779,845 14,708,286 10,779,845 Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due May 30, 2015 6.77 3,268,508 - Due June 30, 2015 6.77 8,171,270 - Due April 18, 2015 6.46 8,171,270 - Due November 18, 2015 6.46 1,634,254 - Due March 18, 2016 6.46 8,171,270 - Due May 18, 2016 5.78 6,537,016 6,159,911 35,953,588 6,159,911 Loan from China Guangfa Bank Due June 20, 2015 7.07 1,323,746 - Due May 29, 2016 8.00 11,439,778 3,233,953 Due December 23, 2017 8.4 16,342,539 6,159,911 Due February 17, 2018 8.4 - 30,799,556 29,106,063 40,193,420 Loan from Bank of China Due December 30, 2015 8.45 32,685,079 - Due January 8, 2016 8.45 24,513,809 - 57,198,888 - Loan from China Construction Bank Due January 23, 2017 5.70 113,642,752 76,998,891 113,642,752 76,998,891 Loan from Bank of Shanghai Due April 30, 2017 9.10 86,615,460 35,419,490 86,615,460 35,419,490 Loan from The Bank of East Asia Due April 27, 2018 6.18 - 47,428,237 - 47,428,237 Loan from Ping An Bank Due March 20, 2018 9.25 - 43,119,380 - 43,119,380 Total 337,225,037 260,099,174 Less: current portion of long-term bank loans (284,928,910 ) (246,239,374 ) Total long-term bank loans 52,296,127 13,859,800 * Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of December 31, 2015. ** These loans were paid in full during 2015.
Notes Payable to Banks [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Schedule of Maturities	Year Amount US$ 2016 20,173,709 2017 118,578,292 2018 121,347,173 Less: current portion of long-term bank loans 246,239,374 Total: long-term bank loans 13,859,800

Other long-term debt (Tables)

Other long-term debt (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Other Long-term Debt	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due on May 3, 2018 13.25 200,000,000 190,519,754 June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due on June 6, 2019 13 200,000,000 200,000,000 Corporate bonds due in December 28, 2020 7.5 - 152,962,917 Shandong Xinyuan collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 12.3 33,885,787 - Henan Wanzhuo collateralized debt due on November 28, 2015 12.41 34,688,992 - Collateralized loan due on April 3, 2016 11 40,807,321 38,453,246 Collateralized loan due on December 23, 2017 11 81,312,306 61,221,818 Collateralized loan due on July 9, 2017 9 65,370,159 54,484,415 Collateralized loan due on December 31, 2016 12.5 1,650,597 69,129,605 Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 12.5 - 3,079,956 Collateralized loan due on March 31, 2017 11 - 38,499,446 Collateralized loan due on November 20, 2016 12.5 - 46,199,335 Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 11.8 - 17,709,745 Collateralized loan due on July 15, 2017 11.8 - 14,583,590 Collateralized loan due on June 25, 2017 12 - 69,299,002 Collateralized loan due on September 17, 2017 9 - 10,779,844 Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 25, 2016 11.5 81,312,306 - Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on June 30, 2016 11.24 111,946,394 28,489,590 Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on March 13, 2017 10.98 - 81,002,834 Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on May 13, 2017 11 - 35,881,483 Fortress Credit Co. LLC loan due on June 9, 2017 7.25 25,668,594 96,306,200 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 5.95 - 10,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 5.95 - 5,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 5.95 - 10,000,000 Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 5.95 - 10,000,000 Others 750,988 - Total principal of other long-term debt 877,393,444 1,258,602,780 Accrued interest 723,382 - Total 878,116,826 1,258,602,780 Less: current portion of other long-term debt (301,912,335 ) (348,594,822 ) Total other long-term debt 576,204,491 910,007,958 * Pursuant to the agreements with Cinda Asset Management Corporation, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100 ** Pursuant to the agreements with CITIC Trust Co., Ltd. entered into on May 27, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Shanghai Junxin, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 51 *** Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on June 24, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Jinan Wanzhuo, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 95 111,663,215 139,355,006) **** Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on March 10, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Shengdao, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 80 136,098,821 ***** Pursuant to the agreements with Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. entered into on May 9, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Henan Quansheng, this other debt is secured by the Group's 90 41,295,897 7,345,027 ****** Pursuant to the agreements with Fortress Credit Co. LLC entered into on June 9, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$ 165 96.3 29,918,940 29,973,017 ******* Pursuant to the agreements with Ping An Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100 ******** Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC entered into on September 23, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$ 50
Other Long-Term Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt [Table Text Block]	Year Amount US$ 2016 182,271,775 2017 482,848,334 2018 190,519,754 2019 200,000,000 2020 and thereafter 202,962,917 Less: current portion of other long term debt 348,594,822 Total: Other long-term debt 910,007,958

Corporate aircraft capital le47

Corporate aircraft capital lease (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Capital Lease Obligations [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Schedule of Long-Term Debt	December 31, US$ Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities 18,111,007 Current maturities of capital lease obligations 3,065,612 Total capital lease obligations 21,176,619

Customer deposits (Tables)

Customer deposits (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Customer deposits [Abstract]
Customer deposits	December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Advances for real estate properties under development 1,021,782,194 1,255,600,108 Add: increase in revenue recognized in excess of amounts received from customers 6,346,284 18,940,748 Less: recognized as progress billings (see Note 4) (920,965,080 ) (1,210,089,345 ) Total net balance 107,163,398 64,451,511

Income taxes (Tables)

Income taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Income taxes [Abstract]
Schedule of Income before Income Tax Expenses	Year ended December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ PRC 246,985,362 112,781,760 154,833,605 Non PRC (36,969,248 ) (33,727,777 ) (35,840,702 ) Total 210,016,114 79,053,983 118,992,903
Schedule of Income Tax Expense	Year ended December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Current: CIT tax expense 68,625,597 20,791,855 48,523,618 Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”) expense 36,727,785 (3,771,248 ) 23,223,407 Deferred tax (benefit)/expense (21,693,532 ) 13,537,011 (19,235,707 ) Income tax expense 83,659,850 30,557,618 52,511,318
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	Year ended December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ CIT at rate of 25% 52,504,028 19,763,496 29,748,226 Tax effect of non-deductible expenses 3,490,593 6,535,308 2,028,153 Unrecognized tax benefits 5,465,293 (8,628,537 ) (6,354,200 ) LAT expense 36,727,785 (3,771,248 ) 23,223,407 CIT benefit of LAT (9,171,919 ) 942,812 (5,805,852 ) Changes in valuation allowance - - 4,274,501 International rate difference 9,089,244 10,681,232 6,075,360 Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries 3,500,000 440,464 3,675,156 Adjustment of estimated income tax accruals (18,059,102 ) 3,953,417 (4,412,050 ) Others 113,928 640,674 58,617 Actual income tax expense 83,659,850 30,557,618 52,511,318
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits	2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Balance at January 1 8,842,239 16,313,513 14,005,004 Additions for tax positions of current year 16,313,513 6,400,006 11,592,738 Movement in current year due to foreign exchange rate fluctuation - (79,978 ) (313,640 ) Reductions for tax positions of prior years - (4,125,703 ) (3,669,272 Lapse of stature of limitations (8,842,239 ) (4,502,834 ) (3,772,547 ) Balance at December 31 16,313,513 14,005,004 17,842,283
Schedule of Deferred Tax Asset/Liability	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Current deferred tax assets: Tax loss carried forward 4,947,176 9,858,503 Accruals and provisions 5,554,948 6,269,775 Deemed interest income 3,276,136 14,868,874 Unrealized profit at consolidation - 2,946,297 Allowance for deferred tax assets - (4,274,501 Total current deferred tax assets 13,778,260 29,668,948 Current deferred tax liabilities: Revenue recognized based on percentage of completion (31,868,998 ) (38,623,934 ) Real estate properties accelerated cost deduction (1,360,518 ) (1,282,034 ) Taxable temporary differences arising from business combinations and asset acquisitions (71,705,371 ) (47,409,723 ) Others (45,532 ) (45,532) Total current deferred tax liabilities (104,980,419 ) (87,361,223 ) Net current deferred tax liabilities (91,202,159 ) (57,692,275 ) December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Long-term deferred tax assets: Tax loss carried forward 2,727,890 5,553,093 Revenue recognition of real estate lease income on a straight-line basis 8,767,201 8,955,776 Others 2,146,517 979,688 Total long-term deferred tax assets 13,641,608 15,488,557 Long-term deferred tax liabilities: Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries (9,825,083 ) (13,500,239 ) Total long-term deferred tax liabilities (9,825,083 ) (13,500,239 ) Net long-term deferred tax assets 3,816,525 1,988,318

Share-based compensation (Table

Share-based compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Schedule of Assumptions Used to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Option Award Using Black-Scholes Valuation Model	Options Granted in 2013 Under the 2007 Plan Options Granted in 2014 Under the 2007 Plan Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2007 Plan Options Granted in 2015 Under the 2015 Plan Average risk-free rate of return 1.43 % 2.5 % 1.82 - 1.92 % 1.57 - 1.92 % Expected term 6 5 6 6 6 Volatility rate 55.7 % 40.5 41.4 % 46.3 55.2 % 55.0 - 55.9 % Dividend yield 5 % 5 % 5 % 5 %
The Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Stock Option and Incentive Plans	Options under the Plan Number of Weighted Weighted Aggregate Outstanding, January 1, 2015 2.50 (exercise price) 560,594 2.5 2.58 - 0.0001 ( exercise 23,800 0.0001 2.58 28,082 Granted to employee - - - - Exercised - - - - Expired - - - - Forfeited/Cancelled 2.50 (exercise price) 3,298 2.5 - - Outstanding, December 31, 2015 2.50 (exercise price) 557,396 2.5 1.58 - 0.0001 (exercise price) 23,800 0.0001 1.58 43,909 Exercisable as at December 31, 2015 2.50 (exercise price) 557,396 2.5 1.58 - 0.0001 (exercise price) 23,800 0.0001 1.58 43,909
2007 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Stock Option and Incentive Plans	Options Under the 2007 Plan Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding, January 1, 2015 7.0 (exercise price) 792,056 7.00 2.83 - 2.975 (exercise price) 180,000 2.975 3.50 - 1.87 (exercise price) 93,334 1.87 4.25 - 1.21 (exercise price) 860,000 1.21 5.95 - 1.085 (exercise price) 100,000 1.085 6.50 9,500 1.64 (exercise price) 300,000 1.64 7.87 - 1.595 (exercise price) 200,000 1.595 7.87 - 2.105 (exercise price) 600,000 2.105 8.50 - 2.86 (exercise price) 600,000 2.86 8.67 - 2.045 (exercise price) 600,000 2.045 9.48 - 1.21 (exercise price) 907,000 1.21 9.50 - Granted 1.255(exercise price) 200,000 1.255 9.16 118,000 1.605(exercise price) 600,000 1.605 9.27 144,000 1.71(exercise price) 1,200,000 1.710 9.50 162,000 1.39(exercise price) 200,000 1.390 9.75 91,000 1.81(exercise price) 200,000 1.810 9.85 7,000 Exercised 1.21 (exercise price) 6,000 1.21 - 2,400 1.21 (exercise price) 17,000 1.21 - 6,800 1.21 (exercise price) 2,000 1.21 - 634 1.21 (exercise price) 4,000 1.21 - 1,220 1.21 (exercise price) 2,000 1.21 - 817 1.21 (exercise price) 5,000 1.21 - 1,999 1.21 (exercise price) 4,000 1.21 - 1,553 Forfeited/Cancelled (employee) 2.045 (exercise price) 600,000 2.045 - - 1.21 (exercise price) 100,000 1.21 - - 1.64 (exercise price) 100,000 1.64 - - 1.595 (exercise price) 200,000 1.595 - - Outstanding, December 31, 2015 7.0 (exercise price) 792,056 7.00 1.83 - 2.975 (exercise price) 180,000 2.975 2.50 - 1.87 (exercise price) 93,334 1.87 3.25 - 1.21 (exercise price) 754,000 1.21 4.95 478,790 1.085 (exercise price) 100,000 1.085 5.50 76,000 1.64 (exercise price) 200,000 1.64 6.87 41,000 1.595 (exercise price) - 1.60 6.87 - 2.105 (exercise price) 600,000 2.105 7.50 - 2.86 (exercise price) 600,000 2.86 7.67 - 2.045 (exercise price) - 2.045 8.48 - 1.21 (exercise price) 873,000 1.21 8.50 554,355 1.255(exercise price) 200,000 1.255 9.16 118,000 1.605(exercise price) 600,000 1.605 9.27 144,000 1.71(exercise price) 1,200,000 1.71 9.50 162,000 1.39(exercise price) 200,000 1.39 9.75 91,000 1.81(exercise price) 200,000 1.81 9.85 7,000 Exercisable as at December 31, 2015 7.0 (exercise price) 792,056 7.00 1.83 - 2.975 (exercise price) 180,000 2.98 2.50 - 1.87 (exercise price) 93,334 1.87 3.25 - 1.21 (exercise price) 754,000 1.21 4.95 478,790 1.085 (exercise price) 100,000 1.09 5.50 76,000 1.64 (exercise price) 200,000 1.64 6.87 41,000 2.105 (exercise price) 400,000 2.11 7.50 - 2.86 (exercise price) 400,000 2.86 7.67 - 1.21 (exercise price) 873,000 1.21 8.50 554,355 1.255(exercise price) 132,000 1.26 9.16 77,880
2015 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Stock Option and Incentive Plans	Options Under the 2015 Plan Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Granted 1.71(exercise price) 81,600 1.71 9.58 11,016 1.71(exercise price) 6,574,600 1.71 9.50 887,571 Outstanding, December 31, 2015 1.71(exercise price) 81,600 1.71 9.58 11,016 1.71(exercise price) 6,574,600 1.71 9.50 887,571

Other payables and accrued li51

Other payables and accrued liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Other payables and accrued liabilities [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Payables and Accrued Liabilities	December 31, December 31, US$ US$ Contract deposit 22,484,500 31,740,289 Accrued expense 19,893,141 22,170,906 Deed tax and maintenance fund withheld for customers 266,382 13,318,504 Bidding deposit 1,698,002 1,881,217 Welfare payable 1,697,794 1,590,932 Other tax payable 8,606,598 701,721 Accrued aircraft operating expense 752,574 8,445,279 Accrued interest expense 11,582,212 14,178,760 Others 7,106,887 12,098,761 Total 74,088,090 106,126,369

Related party and Employee tr52

Related party and Employee transactions (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Related party and employee transactions [Abstract]
Schedule of Related Party Transactions	December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. 125,374,349 45,072,727 Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. - 10,816,284 Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd - 2,741,161 125,374,349 58,630,172 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Advances to employees 50,057 350,919

Earnings per share (Tables)

Earnings per share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Earnings per share [Abstract]
Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	December 31, 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Numerator: Net income 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders – basic 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Interest expense associated with the Convertible Note 798,984 2,690,572 - Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders – diluted 127,155,248 51,206,302 66,482,107 Denominator: Number of shares outstanding, basic* 145,733,028 151,935,765 142,625,427 Convertible Note (Note 12) 2,038,808 24,561,789 - Stock options 1,692,720 620,681 348,603 Restricted stock units - - 3,513,919 Number of shares outstanding-diluted 149,464,556 177,118,235 146,487,949 Basic earnings per share 0.87 0.32 0.47 Diluted earnings per share 0.85 0.29 0.45 * The restricted shares repurchased by the trustee that are unvested are excluded from the number of shares outstanding for purposes of computing basic earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260. However, these unvested restricted shares are factored into the computation of diluted earnings per share using the treasury stock method.

Segment reporting (Tables)

Segment reporting (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Summary of Information by Segment	December 31, 2013 Henan Shandong Jiangsu Anhui Sichuan Beijing United States Others Consolidated US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Net real estate sales 378,087,120 290,511,011 186,224,891 - 13,489,121 - 6,614,490 - 874,926,633 Real estate lease income 2,098,415 196,596 576,457 - - - - 3,118,298 5,989,766 Other revenue 242,368 84,040 479,202 - 183,026 - 15,520 15,817,501 16,821,657 Total revenue 380,427,903 290,791,647 187,280,550 - 13,672,147 - 6,630,010 18,935,799 897,738,056 Cost of real estate sales (225,443,661 ) (220,570,567 ) (135,087,692 ) - (3,107,736 ) - (6,002,345 ) (723,634 ) (590,935,635 ) Cost of real estate lease income (1,602,225 ) (129,059 ) (323,012 ) - - - - 458,065 (1,596,231 ) Other costs 3,553,561 (512 ) 3,359,189 - (56,418 ) - (550 ) (13,063,594 ) (6,208,324 ) Total cost of revenue (223,492,325 ) (220,700,138 ) (132,051,515 ) - (3,164,154 ) - (6,002,895 ) (13,329,163 ) (598,740,190 ) Gross profit 156,935,578 70,091,509 55,229,035 - 10,507,993 - 627,115 5,606,636 298,997,866 Operating expenses (39,956,831 ) (6,925,944 ) (11,766,051 ) (12,908 ) (936,011 ) (6,670,853 ) (1,359,841 ) (17,594,048 ) (85,222,487 ) Operating income/(loss) 116,978,747 63,165,565 43,462,984 (12,908 ) 9,571,982 (6,670,853 ) (732,726 ) (11,987,412 ) 213,775,379 Interest income 9,121,573 749,616 216,008 129 11,819 736,400 3,098 842,844 11,681,487 Interest expense (778,032 ) - - - - - - (16,084,500 ) (16,862,532 ) Share of loss in an equity investee (117,188 ) - - - - - - - (117,188 ) Other operating income/expense - - - - - 1,538,968 - - 1,538,968 Income/(loss) before income taxes 125,205,100 63,915,181 43,678,992 (12,779 ) 9,583,801 (4,395,485 ) (729,628 ) (27,229,068 ) 210,016,114 Income tax (expense)/benefit (46,673,642 ) (13,936,301 ) (16,640,499 ) (40,107 ) (2,749,642 ) 1,212,316 (44,335 ) (4,787,640 ) (83,659,850 ) Net income/(loss) 78,531,458 49,978,880 27,038,493 (52,886 ) 6,834,159 (3,183,169 ) (773,963 ) (32,016,708 ) 126,356,264 Depreciation and amortization 1,903,564 147,053 548,699 52,166 3,652 311,673 174 170,141 3,137,122 Capital expenditure 6,672,173 184,084 91,784,366 - - 936,906 116,597 405,009 100,099,135 Equity investment 5,967,905 - - - - - - - 5,967,905 Real estate properties held for sale - - - - - - 5,524,041 - 5,524,041 Real estate properties development completed 665,410 555,797 19,244,890 287,165 507,026 - - - 21,260,288 Real estate properties under development 190,143,709 37,201,975 441,295,792 - - 198,205,122 65,672,108 - 932,518,706 Real estate properties held for lease 48,011,607 3,602,956 7,712,857 846,903 - - - 235,858 60,410,181 Total long-lived assets 106,014,797 4,694,369 12,200,324 847,318 1,649,862 1,664,134 113,296 10,387,542 137,571,642 Total assets 928,034,862 314,799,152 482,414,252 9,494,401 88,642,444 184,288,291 6,530,771 367,895,419 2,382,099,592 December 31, 2014 Henan Shandong Jiangsu Sichuan Beijing Hainan Hunan Shanghai United States Others Consolidated US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Net real estate sales 310,236,873 192,437,765 175,960,358 9,912,254 188,579,891 6,526,065 4,109,978 - 4,921,331 141,377 892,825,892 Real estate lease income 2,991,909 218,320 651 - - - - - - 1,725,306 4,936,186 Other revenue 110,500 110,166 57,357 29,585 11,717 391 244 - - 21,665,635 21,985,595 Total revenue 313,339,282 192,766,251 176,018,366 9,941,839 188,591,608 6,526,456 4,110,222 - 4,921,331 23,532,318 919,747,673 Cost of real estate sales (210,789,926 ) (146,862,778 ) (138,838,903 ) (9,125,435 ) (133,519,235 ) (4,137,467 ) (3,632,997 ) - (4,643,722 ) 977,293 (650,573,170 ) Cost of real estate lease income (2,574,534 ) 29,388 (575,529 ) - - - - - - (52,540 ) (3,173,215 ) Other costs (1,804,955 ) (1,303,518 ) (391,538 ) (16,975 ) (364,326 ) (17 ) (32,560 ) - - (19,921,843 ) (23,835,732 ) Total cost of revenue (215,169,415 ) (148,136,908 ) (139,805,970 ) (9,142,410 ) (133,883,561 ) (4,137,484 ) (3,665,557 ) - (4,643,722 ) (18,997,090 ) (677,582,117 ) Gross profit 98,169,867 44,629,343 36,212,396 799,429 54,708,047 2,388,972 444,665 - 277,609 4,535,228 242,165,556 Operating expenses (58,981,130 ) (8,891,116 ) (12,928,183 ) (3,229,614 ) (27,689,927 ) (3,855,809 ) (3,234,163 ) (2,353,439 ) (5,783,635 ) (18,169,045 ) (145,116,061 ) Operating income/(loss) 39,188,737 35,738,227 23,284,213 (2,430,185 ) 27,018,120 (1,466,837 ) (2,789,498 ) (2,353,439 ) (5,506,026 ) (13,633,817 ) 97,049,495 Interest income 10,797,806 903,353 471,254 8,312 375,674 4,974 16,913 9,647 - 1,989,389 14,577,322 Interest expense (471,635 ) - - - - - - - - (27,729,132 ) (28,200,767 ) Net realized gain on short-term 3,128,014 - - - - - - - - - 3,128,014 Share of income (loss) in an (1,691,897 ) - - - - - - - - - (1,691,897 ) Loss on extinguishment of debt - - - - - - - - - (9,848,931 ) (9,848,931 ) Exchange gains 706,108 - - - - - - - - 706,108 Unrealized income on short-term investments 120,146 - - - 1,887 - - - - - 122,033 Other income - 3,212,606 - - - - - - - - 3,212,606 Income/(loss) before income taxes 51,777,279 39,854,186 23,755,467 (2,421,873 ) 27,395,681 (1,461,863 ) (2,772,585 ) (2,343,792 ) (5,506,026 ) (49,222,491 ) 79,053,983 Income tax benefit/(expense) 1,897,892 (9,997,111 ) (3,452,056 ) 681,784 (18,646,689 ) (737,457 ) (543,422 ) (505,771 ) 2,243,056 (1,497,844 ) (30,557,618 ) Net income/(loss) 53,675,171 29,857,075 20,303,411 (1,740,089 ) 8,748,992 (2,199,320 ) (3,316,007 ) (2,849,563 ) (3,262,970 ) (50,720,335 ) 48,496,365 Depreciation and amortization 5,056,099 255,701 684,087 38,685 446,531 95,456 24,944 35,727 147,349 213,543 6,998,122 Capital expenditure 6,317,246 187,745 175,551 296,976 57,767 698,842 242,276 371,198 10,130,497 217,835 18,695,933 Real estate properties - - - - - - - - 1,185,217 - 1,185,217 Real estate properties 10,174,728 778,376 1,069,768 - - - - - - 286,127 12,308,999 Real estate properties under 122,442,706 230,512,631 476,026,887 213,243,863 124,555,677 80,188,420 145,738,966 192,275,659 119,947,878 9,642,365 1,714,575,052 Real estate properties held for 45,892,107 5,053,480 17,464,831 - - - - - - 813,330 69,223,748 Total long-lived assets 91,997,422 7,323,161 23,139,244 10,904,402 3,896,449 690,086 528,484 761,721 11,488,178 10,338,428 161,067,575 Total assets 868,110,770 501,351,668 642,378,579 125,561,644 427,431,672 52,944,306 99,029,288 197,356,138 36,990,997 280,371,172 3,231,526,234 December 31, 2015 Henan Shandong Jiangsu Sichuan Beijing Hainan Hunan Shanghai Tianjin United Others Consolidated US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Net real estate sales 251,681,188 186,222,554 371,469,943 36,372,298 166,775,534 3,534,278 42,191,276 70,058,447 4,631,258 1,530,000 - 1,134,466,776 Real estate lease income 4,484,591 202,892 - - - - - - - 1,885,780 6,573,263 Other revenue 1,396,463 30,659 308,026 80,142 318,271 8,157 2,332 - 1,333 - 21,138,576 23,283,959 Total revenue 257,562,242 186,456,105 371,777,969 36,452,440 167,093,805 3,542,435 42,193,608 70,058,447 4,632,591 1,530,000 23,024,356 1,164,323,998 Cost of real estate sales (160,197,316 ) (149,867,847 ) (305,417,991 ) (32,313,894 ) (118,868,527 ) (2,337,677 ) (30,095,959 ) (62,366,015 ) (3,534,525) (1,243,112 ) - (866,242,863 ) Cost of real estate lease income (2,202,367 ) (285,974 ) (1,416,157 ) - - - - - - - (51,824 ) (3,956,322 ) Other costs 160,449 (376,070 ) (641,646 ) (3,615 ) (835,555 ) (324 ) - - (8,424 ) - (19,429,522 ) (21,134,707 ) Total cost of revenue (162,239,234 ) (150,529,891 ) (307,475,794 ) (32,317,509 ) (119,704,082 ) (2,338,001 ) (30,095,959 ) (62,366,015 ) (3,542,949 ) (1,243,112 ) (19,481,346 ) (891,333,892 ) Gross profit 95,323,008 35,926,214 64,302,175 4,134,931 47,389,723 1,204,434 12,097,649 7,692,432 1,089,642 286,888 3,543,010 272,990,106 Operating expenses (51,882,922 ) (13,528,548 ) (15,826,805 ) (3,672,935 ) (32,178,776 ) (6,617,557 ) (5,090,601 ) (4,346,174 ) (10,002,768 ) (4,971,109 ) (19,336,890 ) (167,455,085 ) Operating income/(loss) 43,440,086 22,397,666 48,475,370 461,996 15,210,947 (5,413,123 ) 7,007,048 3,346,258 (8,913,126 ) (4,684,221 ) (15,793,880 ) 105,535,021 Interest income 23,284,854 237,687 442,560 18,752 331,042 3,968 45,592 134,580 2,966 - 1,735 24,503,736 Interest expense 21,612,239 - - - - - - - - 17,587,083 (59,480,738 ) (20,281,416 ) Net realized gain on short-term investments - - - - - - - - - - 603,078 603,078 Share of income in an equity investee 2,234,635 - - - - - - - - - - 2,234,635 Loss on extinguishment of debt - - - - - - - - - - - - Exchange gains 403,286 - - - - - - - - - - 403,286 Unrealized income on short-term investments - - - - - - - - - - 49,443 49,443 Other income - - - - - 4,677,244 - - - 2,950 1,264,926 5,945,120 Income/(loss) before income taxes 90,975,100 22,635,353 48,917,930 480,748 15,541,989 (731,911 ) 7,052,640 3,480,838 (8,910,160 ) 12,905,812 (73,355,436 ) 118,992,903 Income tax benefit /(expense) (16,234,099 ) (9,901,175 ) (32,061 ) (1,344,687 ) (13,479,368 ) 163,491 (5,634,909 ) (1,259,900 ) 1,739,065 2,825,203 (9,352,878 ) (52,511,318 ) Net income/(loss) 74,741,001 12,734,178 48,885,869 (863,939 ) 2,062,621 (568,420 ) 1,417,731 2,220,938 (7,171,095 ) 15,731,015 (82,708,314 ) 66,481,585 Depreciation and amortization 5,569,343 400,733 1,542,209 64,082 515,150 208,486 76,304 83,175 3,839 50,985 237,358 8,751,664 Capital expenditure 4,249,718 172,853 31,524 - 33,952,563 127,550 146,074 - 52,401 136,065 256,824 39,125,572 Real estate properties development for sale - - - - - - - - - - - - Real estate properties development completed 4,775,131 - 19,301,428 - - - - - - - - 24,076,559 Real estate properties under development 313,105,983 275,709,393 307,172,930 223,653,822 62,561,492 101,059,710 157,166,855 155,309,860 57,207,564 226,208,448 8,165,744 1,887,321,801 Real estate properties held for lease 42,511,937 4,487,714 23,416,217 - - - - - - 716,714 71,132,582 Total long-lived assets 221,202,024 6,683,031 27,947,425 9,036,881 6,958,865 553,186 468,620 391,481 751,519 13,009,709 11,420,981 298,423,722 Total assets 1,064,084,941 457,041,948 655,880,819 206,485,216 346,527,256 135,047,439 110,988,357 128,502,762 19,201,186 166,888,356 270,739,159 3,561,387,439

Commitments and contingencies (

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Commitments and contingencies [Abstract]
Schedule of Future Minimum Payments Under Operating Leases	Amount US$ 2016 3,113,503 2017 1,732,005 2018 1,326,668 2019 781,985 2020 562,477 2021 and thereafter 143,218 Total 7,659,856
Schedule of Capital Lease Obligations	Amount US$ 2016 5,106,207 2017 5,106,207 2018 5,106,207 2019 5,106,207 2020 and thereafter 7,659,311 Total minimum lease payments 28,084,139 Less interest (6,907,520 ) Capital lease obligations 21,176,619 Less current maturities of capital lease obligations (3,065,612 ) Long-term capital lease obligations 18,111,007
Schedule of Outstanding Commitments	Amount US$ 2016 237,174,797 2017 154,945,910 2018 35,408,090 2019 34,442,583 2020 and thereafter - Total 461,971,380

Accumulated other comprehensi56

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Accumulated other comprehensive income [Abstract]
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	Foreign currency US$ Balance as of January 1, 2012 79,859,172 Other comprehensive income 2,140,848 Balance as of December 3 82,000,020 Other comprehensive income 25,910,940 Balance as of December 31, 2013 107,910,960 Other comprehensive loss (3,353,952 ) Balance as of December 31, 2014 104,557,008 Other comprehensive loss (73,605,171 ) Balance as of December 31, 2015 30,951,837 During the year ended December 31, 2015, the entire unrealized gain associated with the available for sale securities amounting to US$ 146,929 available-for-sale securities.

Non-controlling interests (Tabl

Non-controlling interests (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Non-controlling interests [Abstract]
Schedule of non-controlling interests	Ownership December 31, 2014 December 31, 2015 US$ US$ Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. 10 % 19,392 18,819 Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. 20 % 48 -

Condensed financial informati58

Condensed financial information of the Company (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Condensed financial information of the Company [Abstract]
Condensed Balance Sheet	Year ended December 31 2014 2015 US$ US$ ASSETS Current assets Cash and cash equivalents 4,392,766 1,295,835 Other deposits and prepayments 1,774,032 2,389,045 Other current assets 233,474 28 Due from subsidiaries 585,756,827 592,565,997 Total current assets 592,157,099 596,250,905 Other assets - - Deferred charges 7,428,245 8,154,290 Investments in subsidiaries 900,701,691 962,901,445 TOTAL ASSETS 1,500,287,035 1,567,306,640 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities Short-term bank loan 130,024,345 222,226,246 PRC income tax payable 13,388 13,388 PRC other tax payable 902,190 902,190 Other payable and accrued liabilities 8,715,979 8,194,395 Payroll and welfare payables - - Other long-term debt due within one year - - Total current liabilities 139,655,902 231,336,219 Other long-term debt 400,000,000 400,000,000 Total liabilities 539,655,902 631,336,219 Shareholders' equity Common shares, $ 0.0001 Authorized- 500,000,000 144,879,900 147,019,802 15,831 15,835 Treasury shares (20,696,268 ) (24,045,440 ) Additional paid-in capital 530,670,112 531,233,336 Retained earnings 450,641,458 428,766,690 Total shareholders' equity 960,631,133 935,970,421 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 1,500,287,035 1,567,306,640
Condensed Statement of Operations	Year ended December 31 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Sales tax - - - General and administrative expenses (16,494,847 ) (8,860,382 ) (10,301,067 ) Operating loss (16,494,847 ) (8,860,382 ) (10,301,067 ) Interest expense (24,635,780 ) (58,515,706 ) (58,576,635 ) Interest income 749,408 1,289,907 3,533 Loss on extinguishment of debt - (9,848,931 ) - Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net 166,737,483 124,450,842 135,356,276 Income from operations before income taxes 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Income taxes - - - Net income attributable to common shareholders 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil Foreign currency translation adjustments 25,910,940 (3,353,952 ) (73,605,171 ) Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to shareholders 152,267,204 45,161,778 (7,123,064 )
Condensed Statement of Cash Flows	Year ended December 31 2013 2014 2015 US$ US$ US$ Cash flows from operating activities: Net income 126,356,264 48,515,730 66,482,107 Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net (166,737,483 ) (124,450,842 ) (135,356,276 ) Accretion of long-term debt 288,220 - - Stock based compensation expense 160,549 1,912,471 3,326,175 Amortization of deferred financing cost 640,565 1,620,695 2,378,767 Loss on extinguishment of debt - 9,848,931 - Other deposits and prepayments (12,690,088 ) 10,916,056 (615,013 ) Other current assets (278,908 ) 45,434 233,446 Other assets 98,294 - - Other payable and accrued liabilities 8,081,370 (737,739 ) (521,582 ) Payroll and welfare payables 5,149,011 (5,149,011 ) - Accrued interest (1,352,000 ) - - Net cash used in operating activities (40,284,206 ) (57,478,275 ) (64,072,376 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Changes in due from a subsidiary (150,361,777 ) (140,334,182 ) (6,809,170 ) Proceeds from short-term bank loans 45,000,000 130,024,345 207,805,203 Repayments of short-term bank loans (70,000,000 ) (35,000,000 ) (115,603,302 ) Proceeds from other long-term debts 475,761,009 - - Repayment of other long-term debts (40,000,000 ) (75,761,009 ) - Issuance of treasury shares 32,792,232 - - Purchase of treasury shares (5,767,160 ) (17,610,787 ) (3,349,172 ) Dividends to shareholders (14,724,740 ) (15,288,919 ) (14,751,704 ) Deferred charges (9,585,309 ) - (3,104,812 ) Purchase of shares under RSU plan - (7,042,725 ) (3,259,998 ) Loss on extinguishment of debt - (9,848,931 ) - Proceeds from exercise of stock options 5,060,918 1,080,530 48,400 Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities 268,175,173 (169,781,678 ) 60,975,445 Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 227,890,967 (227,259,953 ) (3,096,931 ) Cash and cash equivalents, at the beginning of the year 3,761,752 231,652,719 4,392,766 Cash and cash equivalents, at end of the period 231,652,719 4,392,766 1,295,835

Background information of bus59

Background information of business and organization (Details)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2015HKD	Dec. 31, 2015MYR	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015CNY (¥)	May. 29, 2015	May. 15, 2015	Mar. 23, 2015	Mar. 05, 2015	Mar. 02, 2015	Jan. 12, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 15, 2014	Jun. 24, 2014	May. 27, 2014	Apr. 11, 2014	Jan. 27, 2014	Oct. 18, 2013
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		51.00%	51.00%	51.00%	51.00%							75.00%
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Jinan Wanzhuo") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest held by partners														5.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 4, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 300,000,000
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group		95.00%	95.00%	95.00%	95.00%
Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Quansheng") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest held by partners								10.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 14, 2015
Paid-up Capital				$ 6,500,000	¥ 40,000,000
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group		90.00%	90.00%	90.00%	90.00%
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest held by partners									20.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Oct. 14, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 20,000,000
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group		80.00%	80.00%	80.00%	80.00%
Xinyuan International Property Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Oct. 6, 2011
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 500,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan International (HK) Property Investment Co., Limited. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Oct. 26, 2011
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 3,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
XIN Development Group International Inc. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Nov. 10, 2011
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 0
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. ("Xinyuan") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 27, 2006
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
South Glory International Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 17, 2001
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 10,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Victory Good Development Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 17, 2001
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 10,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Elite Quest Holdings Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Nov. 19, 2001
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 10,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
XIN Irvine, LLC [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 12, 2012
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Vista Sierra, LLC [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		May 1, 2012
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 0
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
XIN Development Management East, LLC [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 28, 2012
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 1,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
XIN NY Holding, LLC [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 29, 2012
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 1,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
421 Kent Development, LLC [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 29, 2012
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 1,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan Sailing Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 21, 2013
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 3,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
AWAN Plasma Sdn Bhd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Apr. 16, 2007
Paid-up Capital | MYR			MYR 33,577,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired												100.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 9, 2014
Paid-up Capital | MYR			MYR 33,217,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan Internet Finance Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 7, 2015
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
New Dawn International Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 7, 2015
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
New Legend International Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 7, 2015
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
NewPoint International Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 7, 2015
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
NewGrace International Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 7, 2015
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
China Online Finance Research Institute Limited [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 17, 2015
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 1,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Genesis Ocean Investments Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 19, 2015
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 100
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Honest View Development Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 19, 2015
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 100
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Honour Triumph Enterprises Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 19, 2015
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 100
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Well Poly Holdings Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 19, 2015
Paid-up Capital | HKD		HKD 100
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Zhengzhou Yasheng Construction Material Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Oct. 22, 2013
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Zhengzhou Jiasheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 2, 2013
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 60,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Zhengzhou Yusheng Landscape Design Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 25, 2013
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 70,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan (China) Real Estate, Ltd. ("WFOE") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Apr. 10, 2006
Paid-up Capital | $				$ 307,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Xinyuan") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		May 19, 1997
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Qingdao Xinyuan Xiangrui Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Feb. 9, 2006
Paid-up Capital					¥ 10,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Shandong Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Shandong Xinyuan") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 2, 2006
Paid-up Capital					¥ 300,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan Property Service Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 28, 1998
Paid-up Capital					¥ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Zhengzhou Mingyuan Landscape Engineering Co Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Feb. 17, 2004
Paid-up Capital					¥ 2,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Zhengzhou Xinyuan Computer Network Engineering Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		May 26, 2004
Paid-up Capital					¥ 2,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Henan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Wanzhuo") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 29, 2011
Paid-up Capital					¥ 20,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Suzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. ("Suzhou Xinyuan") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Nov. 24, 2006
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Anhui Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 7, 2006
Paid-up Capital					¥ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Kunshan Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired																		100.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 31, 2008
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan Real Estate (Chengdu) Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 12, 2007
Paid-up Capital					¥ 220,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xuzhou Xinyuan Real Estate Co Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Nov. 9, 2009
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Henan Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Nov. 15, 2009
Paid-up Capital					¥ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinyuan Wanzhong Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Beijing Wanzhong") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Mar. 4, 2008
Paid-up Capital					¥ 900,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Heju Management Consulting Service Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 16, 2009
Paid-up Capital					¥ 30,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinyuan Renju (Beijing) Asset Management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 16, 2009
Paid-up Capital					¥ 30,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Zhengzhou Jiantou Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Jiantou Xinyuan") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 13, 2005
Paid-up Capital					¥ 10,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinyuan Priority Real Estate Consulting Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Mar. 8, 2012
Paid-up Capital					¥ 30,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Henan Xinyuan Priority Commercial Management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 10, 2012
Paid-up Capital					¥ 2,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Suzhou Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Sep. 20, 2012
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinyuan Jiye Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Feb. 17, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Jiangsu Jiajing Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Mar. 28, 2005
Paid-up Capital					¥ 150,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing XIN Media Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 10, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 10,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xingyang Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 25, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
APEC Construction Investment (Beijing) Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 1, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 100,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinxiang Huicheng Decoration Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Oct. 18, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 10,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xinrongji (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 25, 2013
Paid-up Capital					¥ 100,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Sanya Beida Science and Technology Park Industrial Development Co., Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired																	100.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 10, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 200,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Chengdu Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Feb. 21, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinleju Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 24, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 10,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest held by partners						25.00%							25.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Apr. 3, 2014
Paid-up Capital				$ 16,300,000	¥ 100,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Junxin") [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired																100.00%
Equity interest held by partners											49.00%				49.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 16, 2014
Paid-up Capital				$ 800,000	¥ 5,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest held by partners		20.00%	20.00%	20.00%	20.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation	[1]	May 27, 2014
Paid-up Capital	[1]				¥ 100,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage	[1]	80.00%	80.00%	80.00%	80.00%
Liquidated date		Dec. 9, 2015
Zhengzhou Hengsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 19, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 20,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinyuan Xindo Park E-commerce Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Aug. 12, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 202,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest held by partners		10.00%	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Sep. 15, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 20,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		90.00%	90.00%	90.00%	90.00%
Tianjin Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Sep. 17, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 100,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Xi'an Xinyuan Metropolitan Business Management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Nov. 25, 2014
Paid-up Capital					¥ 3,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jan. 1, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 30,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing Xinhe Investment Development Co.,Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		May 5, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 5,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Jinan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Dec. 4, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 3,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Henan Yue-Mart Commerce and Trade Co.,Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Mar. 23, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 10,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Henan Xinyuan Guangsheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 27, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 40,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Shanghai Hexinli Property Management Center (Limited partnership) [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 28, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 100,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Shenzhen Xilefu Internet Financial Service Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 12, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 5,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Shenzhen Xileju Technology Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jun. 4, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 5,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Shandong Xinyuan Renju Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired							18.00%			82.00%
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation	[2]	Nov. 19, 2011
Paid-up Capital	[2]				¥ 50,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage	[2]	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Acquired date		Mar. 1, 2015
Henan Xinyuan Real Estate Marketing Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Registered Place and Date of Incorporation		Jul. 30, 2015
Paid-up Capital					¥ 1,000,000
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
[1]	Liquidated on December 9, 2015.
[2]	Acquired on March 1, 2015.

Summary of significant accoun60

Summary of significant accounting policies (The Company and basis of presentation and consolidation) (Details)	Mar. 23, 2015USD ($)	Mar. 23, 2015CNY (¥)	Mar. 05, 2015USD ($)	Mar. 05, 2015CNY (¥)	Sep. 15, 2014USD ($)	Sep. 15, 2014CNY (¥)	Jun. 24, 2014USD ($)	Jun. 24, 2014CNY (¥)	May. 27, 2014USD ($)	May. 27, 2014CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)item	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015CNY (¥)item	May. 29, 2015	Jan. 12, 2015
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate											1.60%			1.60%
Current assets											$ 3,262,963,717	$ 3,070,458,659
TOTAL ASSETS											3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234	$ 2,382,099,592
Current liabilities											1,650,882,568	1,592,632,813
Total liabilities											2,625,435,837	2,270,914,541
Revenue											1,164,323,998	919,747,673	897,738,056
Cost of revenue											(891,333,892)	(677,582,117)	(598,740,190)
Net (loss)/profit											66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Net cash used in operating activities											(4,535,075)	(884,314,436)	(213,324,143)
Net cash used in investing activities											(35,002,993)	(15,891,636)	(99,961,602)
Net cash provided by financing activities											$ 306,282,098	455,065,629	$ 393,912,695
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5% [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate									11.50%	11.50%	11.50%			11.50%
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5% [Member] | Scenario, Plan [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate									15.50%	15.50%
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 30, 2016 at 11.24% [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Stated rate							11.24%	11.24%			11.24%			11.24%
Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Company [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 800,000			¥ 5,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)									49.00%	49.00%						49.00%
Proceeds from other debt									$ 81,200,000	¥ 497,600,000
Debt term									2 years	2 years
Number of projects under construction | item											1			1
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 48,800,000			¥ 300,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)							5.00%	5.00%
Proceeds from other debt							$ 111,700,000	¥ 685,000,000
Debt term							2 years	2 years
Number of projects under construction | item											1			1
Changsha Wanzhuo [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 16,300,000			¥ 100,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)					25.00%	25.00%									25.00%
Proceeds from other debt					$ 65,400,000	¥ 400,000,000
Debt term					9 months	9 months
Stated rate					12.00%	12.00%
Number of projects under construction | item											1			1
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Paid-up Capital											$ 3,300,000			¥ 20,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)			20.00%	20.00%
Proceeds from other debt			$ 86,000,000	¥ 526,000,000
Debt term			2 years	2 years
Stated rate			10.984%	10.984%
Number of projects under construction | item											2			2
Percentage of non-controlling equity interest that will be repurchased by the entity											20.00%			20.00%
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Current assets											$ 412,763,119	681,567,691
Non-current assets											7,469,208	2,268,129
TOTAL ASSETS											420,232,327	683,835,820
Current liabilities											262,759,976	537,233,210
Non-current liabilities											66,219,046	82,124,393
Total liabilities											328,979,022	619,357,603
Revenue											168,108,983	25,715,106
Cost of revenue											(125,707,809)	(21,406,445)
Net (loss)/profit											9,944,795	(1,702,533)
Net cash used in operating activities											(4,601,835)	(252,000,125)
Net cash used in investing activities											(6,098,628)	(799,144)
Net cash provided by financing activities											35,532,406	358,987,226
Land use right securing long-term debt											$ 289,057,933	$ 404,133,649
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Revenues From Consolidated VIE [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of revenue											14.40%	2.80%
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Consolidation, Eliminations [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Amounts due to subsidiaries of the Group											$ 55,881,889	$ 214,657,398
Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Company [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											51.00%			51.00%
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											95.00%			95.00%
Paid-up Capital | ¥														¥ 300,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)							5.00%	5.00%
Changsha Wanzhuo [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											75.00%			75.00%
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											80.00%			80.00%
Paid-up Capital | ¥														¥ 20,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)			20.00%	20.00%
Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Quansheng") [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Percentage of Equity Directly Attributable to the Group											90.00%			90.00%
Paid-up Capital											$ 6,500,000			¥ 40,000,000
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)	10.00%	10.00%
Proceeds from other debt	$ 38,100,000	¥ 233,000,000
Debt term	2 years	2 years
Stated rate	11.00%	11.00%
Number of projects under construction | item											1			1
Percentage of non-controlling equity interest that will be repurchased by the entity											10.00%			10.00%

Summary of significant accoun61

Summary of significant accounting policies (Details) ¥ in Billions	Sep. 19, 2013USD ($)shares	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)unitsitem¥ / $shares	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)item¥ / $	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)item¥ / $	Dec. 28, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 28, 2015CNY (¥)	May. 06, 2015	Mar. 19, 2014item	Dec. 06, 2013USD ($)	Oct. 21, 2013	Jul. 12, 2013USD ($)	May. 03, 2013USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2012USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Year end RMB: US$ exchange rate | ¥ / $		6.4936	6.1190	6.0969
Period average RMB: US$ exchange rate | ¥ / $		6.2272	6.1424	6.1956
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 387,528,092	$ 140,494,754	$ 587,119,126									$ 496,204,796
Revenue recognition:
Reversal of sales		$ 4,200,000
Number of units affected | units		28
Amounts received from customers in excess of revenues recognized		$ 280,200,000	223,500,000
Accounts receivable
Allowance for doubtful debts		0	0
Other receivables, allowance for doubtful debts		0	0
Deposits for land use rights, impairment losses		0	0	$ 0
Advances to suppliers, allowance provided		$ 0	$ 0
Retirement benefits
Employer match of eligible compensation of employees, percent of average salary		43.00%	43.00%	43.00%
Retirement benefits expense		$ 10,664,576	$ 7,328,091	$ 3,471,862
Required repatriation		10.00%
Minimum percentage of Statutory Surplus Reserve		50.00%
Required percentage of Statutory Reserve prior to distributions		25.00%
Advertising and promotion expenses		$ 35,350,419	32,137,186	18,096,298
Lease expenses		$ 7,613,448	6,031,670	3,694,591
Property warranty
Warranty term		2 months
Percentage of contract cost withheld		5.00%
Contract cost withholding term		2 years
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted deposit		$ 0	69,357,738
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Sep. 19, 2013
Maturity date		Oct. 5, 2016
Interest rate		1.60%
Number of shares issued | shares	12,000,000
Remaining debt issuance cost		$ 12,504,255	16,677,352	9,048,940
Long-term investments
Cost method investment, ownership interest		80.00%
Asset Impairment Charges		$ 0	0	0
Share Repurchase Program
Stock repurchase program authorized amount					$ 40,000,000						$ 60,000,000
Treasury shares, shares | shares	14,264,896	13,470,488
Treasury stock, value	$ 19,434,281	$ 24,045,440	20,696,268
Short-term bank acceptance notes [Member]
Notes payable and other payables
Debt term		6 months
Notes payable		$ 46,986,399	2,453,228
Northern Nevada Land Portfolio [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Revenue recognized under the full accrual method		800,000		1,200,000
Condominium units located in Irvine, California [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Revenue recognized under the full accrual method		$ 800,000	$ 4,900,000	$ 5,400,000
Number of items sold | item		1	7	7
Number of finished units | item			15	15
Residential units [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Down payment, percentage		10.00%
Withdrawal Restrictions [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		$ 47,351,169	$ 29,674,355
Designated For Project Development [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		315,786,041	333,092,735
Restricted Cash Related to Short Term Loans [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		232,351,854	68,990,158
Restricted deposit		0	69,357,738
Restricted Cash Related to Long Term Loans [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		0	24,513,809
Restricted deposit		0	0
Restricted Cash Related to Other Debts [Member]
Restricted cash and restricted deposit:
Restricted cash		$ 29,918,940	$ 68,672,151
Minimum [Member]
Retirement benefits
LAT Progressive Rate		30.00%
Minimum [Member] | Residential units [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Second payment, percentage		20.00%
Maximum [Member]
Retirement benefits
LAT Progressive Rate		60.00%
Maximum [Member] | Residential units [Member]
Revenue recognition:
Second payment, percentage		70.00%
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage		51.00%								51.00%
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Cost method investment, ownership interest		1.85%	1.85%
Dividend received		$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Huayi Xincheng (Beijing) Intelligent City Construction Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage		40.00%						40.00%
Number of independent shareholders who established a joint venture | item								4
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Long-term investments
Cost method investment, ownership interest		80.00%					80.00%
Senior Secured Convertible Note [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Sep. 19, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 75,761,009
Maturity date		Sep. 19, 2018
Interest rate		5.00%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		May 3, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount												$ 200,000,000
Maturity date		May 3, 2018
Interest rate		13.25%
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Dec. 6, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount									$ 200,000,000
Maturity date		Jun. 6, 2019
Interest rate		13.00%
First Tranche Bonds due in December 28, 2020 at 7.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date		Dec. 28, 2015
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount					$ 154,000,000	¥ 1
Maturity date		Dec. 28, 2020
Interest rate		7.50%

Summary of significant accoun62

Summary of significant accounting policies (Estimated Useful Life) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015
Real Estate Properties Held for Lease [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	20 years
Real Estate Properties Held for Lease [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	60 years
Aircraft [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	15 years
Vehicles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years

Summary of significant accoun63

Summary of significant accounting policies (Interest Expense) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Summary of significant accounting policies [Abstract]
Amortization of issuance cost related to other long term debt	$ 6,554,767	$ 3,744,695	$ 640,565
Accretion of discount arising from warrants on Guaranteed Senior Secured Note	0	0	288,220
Interest expense on corporate aircraft capital lease	2,617,000	2,896,977	778,032
Interest on borrowings	171,035,655	128,014,504	36,515,162
Total interest costs	180,207,422	134,656,176	38,221,979
Less: total interest costs capitalized	(159,926,006)	(106,455,409)	(21,359,447)
Interest expense, net	$ 20,281,416	$ 28,200,767	$ 16,862,532

Summary of significant accoun64

Summary of significant accounting policies (Effect of change in estimate) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Effect of change in estimate:
Gross profit	$ 272,990,106	$ 242,165,556	$ 298,997,866
Net income	$ 66,482,107	$ 48,515,730	$ 126,356,264
Basic	$ 0.47	$ 0.32	$ 0.87
Diluted	$ 0.45	$ 0.29	$ 0.85
Certain Real Estate Development Projects [Member]
Effect of change in estimate:
Percentage completion	40.60%
Contracts Accounted for under Percentage of Completion [Member] | Certain Real Estate Development Projects [Member]
Effect of change in estimate:
Gross profit	$ 52,100,000	$ 10,800,000	$ 54,300,000
Net income	$ 39,100,000	$ 8,100,000	$ 40,700,000
Basic	$ 0.27	$ 0.05	$ 0.28
Diluted	$ 0.27	$ 0.05	$ 0.27

Short-term investments (Details

Short-term investments (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value	$ 1,244,646	$ 6,008,477
Cost	1,195,203	5,886,444
Unrealized gain in profit and loss	49,443	122,033
Net realized gain on short-term investments	456,149	3,128,014
Unrealized gain on short-term investments	49,443	122,033	$ 0
REITs [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value	1,167,647
Cost	1,124,293
Unrealized gain in profit and loss	43,354
Equity securities [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value		5,189,456
Cost		5,069,310
Unrealized gain in profit and loss		120,146
Money market instrument [Member]
Schedule of Trading Securities and Other Trading Assets [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value	76,999	819,021
Cost	70,910	817,134
Unrealized gain in profit and loss	$ 6,089	$ 1,887

Real estate properties develo66

Real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	$ 24,076,559	$ 12,308,999	$ 21,260,288
Under development	2,750,327,272	2,371,357,809
Profit recognized	347,083,874	264,182,323
Less: progress billings (see Note 14)	(1,210,089,345)	(920,965,080)
Total real estate properties under development	1,887,321,801	1,714,575,052	932,518,706
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217	$ 5,524,041
Total real estate properties development completed, under development and held for sale	1,911,398,360	1,728,069,268
Aggregate net book value of land use right pledged as collateral for bank loans	1,018,987,851	923,762,759
Use Rights [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Total real estate properties under development	1,130,109,973	1,274,725,570
Zhengzhou Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	0	2,267,171
Zhengzhou Century East A [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	4,775,131	7,907,556
Suzhou International City Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	2,018,240	754,914
Hefei Wangjiang Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	0	286,128
Jinan International City Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	0	778,376
Kunshan International City Garden [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	546,537	314,854
Jinan Xinyuan Splendid [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	40,847,827	95,433,442
Xuzhou Colorful City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	54,157,809	57,957,843
Zhengzhou Xin City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	46,165,101	122,025,858
Suzhou Xin City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties development completed	16,736,651	0
Under development	0	73,916,667
Beijing Xindo Park [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	176,553,742	258,585,693
Kunshan Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	215,917,469	267,625,395
Suzhou Lake Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	267,569,547	233,846,400
Xingyang Splendid Phase I [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	32,010,140	44,991,390
Xingyang Splendid Phase II [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	43,311,674	35,341,974
Xingyang Splendid Phase III [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	23,896,026	22,910,650
Xingyang Splendid Phase IV [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	6,762,190	6,441,922
Zhengzhou Xindo Park (residential) [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	29,098,191	66,471,564
Zhengzhou Xindo Park (commercial) [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	73,294,372	41,827,678
Jinan Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	261,268,961	262,820,980
Sanya Yazhou Bay No.1 [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	109,896,103	85,135,798
Shanghai Yipin Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	215,117,468	192,275,658
Changsha Xinyuan Splendid [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	194,444,916	151,442,473
Chengdu Thriving Family [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	258,173,028	222,716,181
Jinan Xin Central [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	163,174,394	0
Zhengzhou Fancy City [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	71,896,698	0
Tianjin Spring Royal Palace [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	65,583,961	0
Zhengzhou Xindo Park [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	39,117,259	0
Henan Xin Central I [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	127,696,203	0
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	8,165,745	9,642,365
Northern Nevada Land Portfolio [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties held for sale	0	588,000
Lennox Project [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Real estate properties held for sale	0	597,217
New York Oosten [Member]
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Under development	$ 226,208,448	$ 119,947,878

Real estate properties held f67

Real estate properties held for lease, net (Properties Held for Lease) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	$ 84,089,282	$ 79,877,108
Accumulated depreciation	(12,956,700)	(10,653,360)
Real estate properties held for lease, net	71,132,582	69,223,748
Depreciation expense	2,303,340	2,032,019	$ 1,580,540
Real Estate Properties Held for Lease [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Collateral value	36,550,198	38,280,864
Elementary schools [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	3,284,593	3,485,673
Basement parking [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	10,181,887	1,979,104
Kindergartens [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	7,576,396	8,040,216
Parking facilities [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	18,128,308	19,238,109
Clubhouses [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	6,418,720	6,811,668
Shopping mall [Member]
Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Line Items]
Total costs	$ 38,499,378	$ 40,322,338

Real estate properties held f68

Real estate properties held for lease, net (Minimum Future Rental Income) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)
Real estate properties held for lease, net [Abstract]
2,016	$ 9,950,598
2,017	9,947,668
2,018	9,969,725
2,019	10,048,191
2020 and thereafter	150,781,495
Total	$ 190,697,677

Property and equipment, net (De

Property and equipment, net (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	$ 52,373,542	$ 55,018,873
Accumulated depreciation	(13,050,220)	(8,543,148)	$ (4,427,924)
Property and equipment, net	39,323,322	46,475,725
Depreciation expense	4,947,575	4,543,419	1,400,639
Corporate aircraft (Note 13) [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	40,693,020	43,184,212
Amortization expense related to the corporate aircraft capital lease	2,713,085	2,868,205	710,895
Accumulated amortization expense related to the corporate aircraft capital lease	6,104,441	3,585,257	$ 710,895
Vehicles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	4,636,135	4,919,955
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total	$ 7,044,387	$ 6,914,706

Other long-term investment (Det

Other long-term investment (Details) - USD ($)	May. 06, 2015	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership		80.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 31,107,552	$ 241,648
Investment profit or loss		0	$ 0	$ 0
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 30,865,904
Ownership	80.00%	80.00%
Other long-term investment		$ 30,865,904
Payments to acquire other long-term investment	$ 30,865,904
Zhengzhou Lianhe Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Schedule of Cost-method Investments [Line Items]
Initial Cost		$ 241,648
Ownership		1.85%	1.85%
Other long-term investment		$ 241,648	$ 241,648

Investment in joint venture (De

Investment in joint venture (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)	May. 27, 2015	Mar. 19, 2014item	Oct. 21, 2013
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Net income (loss) of investees	$ 4,381,637	$ (3,317,444)
Share of (loss)/gain of equity investee	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	$ (117,188)
Equity method goodwill not amortized	$ 3,982,603	$ 4,226,414
Shaanxi Zhongmao [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage	51.00%					51.00%
Equity interest held by partners	49.00%
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage				51.00%
Huayi Xincheng [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage	40.00%				40.00%
Number of independent shareholders who established a joint venture | item					4

Acquisition of subsidiaries (EM

Acquisition of subsidiaries (EMG Group Properties Sdn Bhd) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 29, 2014	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Total consideration:
Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents		$ 0	$ (9,997,800)	$ (91,342,920)
XIN Eco Marine Group Properties Sdn Bhd. [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of equity interest acquired	100.00%
Percentage of shares covered by option	25.00%
Fair value of option granted	$ 3,167,000
Total consideration:
Cash consideration	(10,000,000)
Cash and cash equivalents acquired	2,200
Net outflow of cash and cash equivalents	(9,997,800)
Total purchase price	10,000,000
Net identifiable assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	2,200
Land reclamation development	9,740,000
Goodwill	278,300
Current liabilities	(20,500)
Net assets acquired	$ 10,000,000

Short-term bank loans and oth73

Short-term bank loans and other debt (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 15, 2014
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 222,226,246	$ 293,449,741
Maturity date		Oct. 5, 2016
Stated rate		1.60%
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		51.00%	75.00%
Short-term loans weighted average interest rate		1.71%	7.62%
Restricted deposit		$ 363,137,210	$ 368,874,458
Changsha Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Stated rate				12.00%
Minority Interest Ownership Percentage		100.00%
Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	40,856,349
Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd [Member] | Loan from China Fortune International Trust Co., Ltd Due February 25, 2015, at 11% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	40,856,349
Maturity date		Feb. 25, 2015
Stated rate		11.00%
Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	24,513,809
Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from ICBC Credit Suisse Investment Management Co., Ltd. Due April 3, 2015, at 11% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	24,513,809
Maturity date		Apr. 3, 2015
Stated rate		11.00%
Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	32,685,079
Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd [Member] | Loan from Bridge Trust Co., Ltd Due June 24, 2015, at 12.5% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	32,685,079
Maturity date		Jun. 24, 2015
Stated rate		12.50%
Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		$ 0	65,370,159
Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. [Member] | Loan from Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd., Due August 12, 2015, at 12% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[1]	$ 0	65,370,159
Maturity date		Aug. 12, 2015
Stated rate		12.00%
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due February 24, 2015, at 2.80% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 0	14,971,245
Maturity date		Feb. 24, 2015
Stated rate		2.80%
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due February 25, 2015, at 2.60% plus 3 month [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 0	20,353,100
Maturity date		Feb. 25, 2015
Stated rate		2.60%
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due June 2, 2016, at 2.00% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 9,675,655	0
Maturity date		Jun. 2, 2016
Stated rate		2.00%
Restricted deposit		$ 9,778,859	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due August 16, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 20,000,000	0
Maturity date		Aug. 16, 2016
Stated rate		1.40%
Restricted deposit		$ 20,943,698	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due August 31, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 9,700,000	0
Maturity date		Aug. 31, 2016
Stated rate		1.40%
Restricted deposit		$ 10,166,934	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due September 20, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 2,220,000	0
Maturity date		Sep. 20, 2016
Stated rate		1.40%
Restricted deposit		$ 2,386,966	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due October 27, 2016, at 1.40% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 13,250,000	0
Maturity date		Oct. 27, 2016
Stated rate		1.40%
Restricted deposit		$ 13,752,002	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due November 18, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 14,958,974	0
Maturity date		Nov. 18, 2016
Stated rate		1.25%
Restricted deposit		$ 15,553,766	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia, Due November 23, 2016, at 1.25% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[2]	$ 34,421,617	0
Maturity date		Nov. 23, 2016
Stated rate		1.25%
Restricted deposit		$ 35,878,403	0
Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		63,000,000	65,000,000
Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due May 17, 2015, at 2% plus 6 month [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[3]	$ 0	65,000,000
Maturity date		May 17, 2015
Stated rate		2.00%
Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due July 21, 2016, at 1.2% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[3]	$ 30,000,000	0
Maturity date		Jul. 21, 2016
Stated rate		1.20%
Restricted deposit		$ 30,645,559	0
Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due September 26, 2016, at 1.55% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[3]	$ 13,000,000	0
Maturity date		Sep. 26, 2016
Stated rate		1.55%
Restricted deposit		$ 13,705,803	0
Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch [Member] | Loan from Bank of China Tokyo Branch, Due October 11, 2016, at 1.55% per annum [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[3]	$ 20,000,000	0
Maturity date		Oct. 11, 2016
Stated rate		1.55%
Restricted deposit		$ 21,097,696	0
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		30,000,000	29,700,000
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited, Due February 17, 2015, at 2.1% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[4]	$ 0	20,000,000
Maturity date		Feb. 17, 2015
Stated rate		2.10%
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited, Due March 2, 2015, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[4]	$ 0	9,700,000
Maturity date		Mar. 2, 2015
Stated rate		2.00%
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited ("ICBC (Asia)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited, Due May 18, 2016, at 2% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[4]	$ 10,000,000	0
Maturity date		May 18, 2016
Stated rate		2.00%
Restricted deposit		$ 10,799,845	0
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt		25,000,000	0
Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") [Member] | Loan from Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Thai) Public Company Limited ("ICBC (Thai)") Due September 21, 2016, at 1.7% plus 3 month LIBOR [Member]
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Short-term bank loans and other debt	[5]	$ 25,000,000	$ 0
Maturity date		Sep. 21, 2016
Stated rate		1.70%
Restricted deposit		$ 26,410,620
[1]	Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on November 12, 2014, which was designated as the lender by Lianxin, the non-controlling shareholder of Changsha Wanzhuo, this other short-term debt is secured by the Group's 75% equity interest in Changsha Wanzhuo and the Group's land use rights. This other short-term debt was paid in full in May, 2015.
[2]	Pursuant to the loan contract with The Bank of East Asia, these seven loans from The Bank of East Asia, amounting to US$9.7 million, US$20.0 million, US$9.7 million, US$2.2 million, US$13.3 million , US$15.0 million and US$34.4 million respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$9,778,859 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$20,943,698 (December 31, 2014: nil) , US$10,166,934 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$2,386,966 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$13,752,002 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$15,553,766 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$35,878,403 (December 31, 2014: nil)respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[3]	Pursuant to the loan contract with Bank of China Tokyo Branch , these three loans from Bank of China Tokyo Branch amounting to US$30.0 million, US$13.0 million and US$20.0 million in 2015 respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposit of US$30,645,559 (December 31, 2014: nil), US$13,705,803 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$21,097,696 (December 31, 2014: nil) respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[4]	Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Asia), these two loans from ICBC (Asia), amounting to US$10.0million and US$20.0million in 2015, respectively, are denominated in US$ and are secured by the deposits of US$10,799,845 (December 31, 2014: nil) and US$21,251,694 (December 31, 2014: nil). respectively. Such deposits are classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[5]	Pursuant to the loan contract with ICBC (Thai), this loan from ICBC (Thai), amounting to US$25.0 million in 2015, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposits of US$26,410,620. This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.

Long-term bank loans (Details)

Long-term bank loans (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 260,099,174	$ 337,225,037
Less: current portion of long term bank loans		(246,239,374)	(284,928,910)
Total long-term bank loans		$ 13,859,800	52,296,127
Maturity date		Oct. 5, 2016
Stated rate		1.60%
Restricted cash		$ 363,137,210	368,874,458
Notes Payable to Banks [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Real estate properties under development securing long term loans		93,755,346	35,766,700
Land use right securing long-term bank loan		424,058,251	507,962,175
Restricted cash		$ 0	$ 24,513,809
Loans payable, weighted average interest rate		7.23%	7.43%
Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument Prime Rate Range		111.00%
Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument Prime Rate Range		195.00%
Loan from ICBC [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 10,779,845	$ 14,708,286
Loan from ICBC [Member] | Loan from ICBC, Due July 20, 2016 at 5.25% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 10,779,845	14,708,286
Maturity date		Jul. 20, 2016
Stated rate		5.25%
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 6,159,911	35,953,588
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China, Due May 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	3,268,508
Maturity date		May 30, 2015
Stated rate		6.77%
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China, Due June 30, 2015, at 6.77% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	8,171,270
Maturity date		Jun. 30, 2015
Stated rate		6.77%
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China, Due April 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	8,171,270
Maturity date		Apr. 18, 2015
Stated rate		6.46%
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due November 18, 2015, at 6.46% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	1,634,254
Maturity date		Nov. 18, 2015
Stated rate		6.46%
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due March 18, 2016 at 6.46% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	8,171,270
Maturity date		Mar. 18, 2016
Stated rate		6.46%
Loan from Agricultural Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Agricultural Bank of China Due May 18, 2016 at 5.78% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 6,159,911	6,537,016
Maturity date		May 18, 2016
Stated rate		5.78%
Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 40,193,420	29,106,063
Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank, Due June 20, 2015, at 7.07% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	1,323,746
Maturity date		Jun. 20, 2015
Stated rate		7.07%
Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank, Due May 29, 2016, at 8.00% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 3,233,953	11,439,778
Maturity date		May 29, 2016
Stated rate		8.00%
Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank due December 23, 2017, at 8.4% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 6,159,911	16,342,539
Maturity date		Dec. 23, 2017
Stated rate		8.40%
Loan from China Guangfa Bank [Member] | Loan from China Guangfa Bank due February 17, 2018, at 8.4% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 30,799,556	0
Maturity date		Feb. 17, 2018
Stated rate		8.40%
Loan from Bank of China [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 0	57,198,888
Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China, Due December 30, 2015, at 8.45% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	32,685,079
Maturity date		Dec. 30, 2015
Stated rate		8.45%
Loan from Bank of China [Member] | Loan from Bank of China due January 8, 2016 at 8.45% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[2]	$ 0	24,513,809
Maturity date		Jan. 8, 2016
Stated rate		8.45%
Loan from China Construction Bank [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 76,998,891	113,642,752
Loan from China Construction Bank [Member] | Loan from China Construction Bank, Due January 23, 2017, at 5.70% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 76,998,891	113,642,752
Maturity date		Jan. 23, 2017
Stated rate		5.70%
Loan from Bank of Shanghai [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 35,419,490	86,615,460
Loan from Bank of Shanghai [Member] | Loan from Bank of Shanghai Due April 30, 2017, at 9.10% per annum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 35,419,490	86,615,460
Maturity date		Apr. 30, 2017
Stated rate		9.10%
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 47,428,237	0
Loan from The Bank of East Asia [Member] | Loan from The Bank of East Asia Due April 27, 2018, at 6.18% per annum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 47,428,237	0
Maturity date		Apr. 27, 2018
Stated rate		6.18%
Loan from Ping An Bank [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans		$ 43,119,380	0
Loan from Ping An Bank [Member] | Loan from Ping An Bank, Due March 20, 2018, at 9.25% per annum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term bank loans	[1]	$ 43,119,380	$ 0
Maturity date		Mar. 20, 2018
Stated rate		9.25%
[1]	Pursuant to the loan contracts, if the Group achieves an agreed upon sales target from the sales of the underlying real estate properties under development, the Group has an obligation to repay the loan before the maturity date. Therefore, the respective current portions of these loans have been classified as current liabilities as of December 31, 2015.
[2]	These loans were paid in full during 2015.

Long-term bank loans (Maturitie

Long-term bank loans (Maturities of Long-term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Less: current portion of long-term bank loans	$ 246,239,374	$ 284,928,910
Total long-term bank loans	13,859,800	$ 52,296,127
Notes Payable to Banks [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2,016	20,173,709
2,017	118,578,292
2,018	$ 121,347,173

Other long-term debt (Schedule

Other long-term debt (Schedule of Other Long Term Debt) (Details)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2016	May. 09, 2015USD ($)	Mar. 05, 2015	Jun. 24, 2014	May. 27, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Accrued interest		$ 0	$ 723,382
Total		1,258,602,780	878,116,826
Less: current portion		(348,594,822)	(301,912,335)
Total other long-term debt		$ 910,007,958	$ 576,204,491
Maturity date		Oct. 5, 2016
Stated rate		1.60%
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent		51.00%	75.00%
Restricted cash		$ 363,137,210	$ 368,874,458
Repayments of other debt		17,854,351	122,973,761	$ 40,000,000
Loss on extinguishment of debt		$ 0	(9,848,931)	$ 0
Fixed charge coverage ratio					2.75
Henan Xinyuan [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent		100.00%
Shanghai Junxin Real Estate Company [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent		100.00%
Jinan Xinyuan Wanzhuo Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent		95.00%
Henan Quansheng [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent						90.00%
Land use right securing other long-term bank loan			0			$ 41,295,897
Real estate property under development securing long term debt			0			$ 7,345,027
Shandong Renju [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent		100.00%
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated rate							10.984%
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent		80.00%
Land use right securing other long-term bank loan		$ 136,098,821	0
Kent EB-5 LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loan facility, maximum borrowing amount		50,000,000
Other Long-Term Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		1,258,602,780	877,393,444
Less: current portion		(348,594,822)
Total other long-term debt		910,007,958
Land use right securing other long-term bank loan		128,389,745	54,625,305
Land use right securing long-term debt		731,783,438	324,684,850
Real estate properties held for lease securing debt		36,550,198	38,280,864
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 190,519,754	200,000,000
Maturity date		May 3, 2018
Stated rate		13.25%
Fixed charge coverage ratio		3
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 200,000,000	200,000,000
Maturity date		Jun. 6, 2019
Stated rate		13.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio		3
Corporate bonds due in December 28, 2020 at 7.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 152,962,917	0
Maturity date		Dec. 28, 2020
Stated rate		7.50%
Shandong Xinyuan collateralized debt due in November 28, 2015 at 12.3% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[1]	$ 0	33,885,787
Maturity date		Nov. 28, 2015
Stated rate		12.30%
Henan Wanzhuo collateralized debt due in November 28, 2015 at 12.41% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[1]	$ 0	34,688,992
Maturity date		Nov. 28, 2015
Stated rate		12.41%
Collateralized Loan Due on April 3, 2016 at 11% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 38,453,246	40,807,321
Maturity date		Apr. 3, 2016
Stated rate		11.00%
Collateralized loan due on December 23, 2017 at 11% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 61,221,818	81,312,306
Maturity date		Dec. 23, 2017
Stated rate		11.00%
Collateralized loan due on July 9, 2017 at 9% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 54,484,415	65,370,159
Maturity date		Jul. 9, 2017
Stated rate		9.00%
Collateralized loan due on December 31, 2016 at 12.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 69,129,605	1,650,597
Maturity date		Dec. 31, 2016
Stated rate		12.50%
Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 12.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 3,079,956	0
Maturity date		Jun. 30, 2017
Stated rate		12.50%
Collateralized loan due on March 31, 2017 at 11% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 38,499,446	0
Maturity date		Mar. 31, 2017
Stated rate		11.00%
Collateralized loan due on November 20, 2016 at 12.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 46,199,335	0
Maturity date		Nov. 20, 2016
Stated rate		12.50%
Collateralized loan due on June 30, 2017 at 11.8% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 17,709,745	0
Maturity date		Jun. 30, 2017
Stated rate		11.80%
Collateralized loan due on July 15, 2017 at 11.8% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 14,583,590	0
Maturity date		Jul. 15, 2017
Stated rate		11.80%
Collateralized loan due on June 25, 2017 at 12% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[2]	$ 69,299,002	0
Maturity date		Jun. 25, 2017
Stated rate		12.00%
Collateralized loan due on September 17, 2017 at 9% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 10,779,844	0
Maturity date		Sep. 17, 2017
Stated rate		9.00%
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 25, 2016 at 11.5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[3]	$ 0	81,312,306
Maturity date		Jun. 25, 2016
Stated rate		11.50%							11.50%
Non-controlling Shareholder's Loan Due on June 30, 2016 at 11.24% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[4]	$ 28,489,590	111,946,394
Maturity date		Jun. 30, 2016
Stated rate		11.24%						11.24%
Land use right securing other long-term bank loan		$ 111,663,215	139,355,006
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on March 13, 2017 at 10.98% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[5]	$ 81,002,834	0
Maturity date		Mar. 13, 2017
Stated rate		10.98%
Non-controlling shareholder's loan due on May 13, 2017 at 11% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[6]	$ 35,881,483	0
Maturity date		May 13, 2017
Stated rate		11.00%
Fortress Credit Co. LLC Loan due on June 9, 2017 at 7.25% plus LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[7]	$ 96,306,200	25,668,594
Maturity date		Jun. 9, 2017
Interest rate, additional rate over 3 months/ 6 months LIBOR		7.25%
Restricted cash		$ 29,918,940	29,973,017
Loan facility, maximum borrowing amount		165,000,000
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on January 23, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 10,000,000	0
Maturity date		Jan. 23, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on April 30, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 5,000,000	0
Maturity date		Apr. 30, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on June 25, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 5,000,000	0
Maturity date		Jun. 25, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 4, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 5,000,000	0
Maturity date		Aug. 4, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on August 20, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 5,000,000	0
Maturity date		Aug. 20, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on October 1, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 10,000,000	0
Maturity date		Oct. 1, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Kent EB-5 LLC loan due on November 23, 2020 at 5.95% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt	[8]	$ 10,000,000	0
Maturity date		Nov. 23, 2020
Stated rate		5.95%
Others [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total principal of other long-term debt		$ 0	$ 750,988
[1]	Pursuant to the agreements with Cinda Asset Management Corporation, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Henan Xinyuan. Per the agreements, from February 28, 2014 to November 28, 2015, Shandong Xinyuan and Henan Wanzhuo, respectively, are required to make quarterly payments to repay the outstanding principal amount and related interest expense. This other long-term debt was paid in full in November 2015.
[2]	Pursuant to the agreements with Ping An Trust Co., Ltd., this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 100% equity interest of Shandong Renju.
[3]	Pursuant to the agreements with CITIC Trust Co., Ltd. entered into on May 27, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Shanghai Junxin, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 51% equity interest in Shanghai Junxin and the Group's land use rights. This other long-term debt was paid in full in January 2015.
[4]	Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on June 24, 2014, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Jinan Wanzhuo, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 95% equity interest in Jinan Wanzhuo and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$111,663,215 (December 31, 2014: US$139,355,006).
[5]	Pursuant to the agreements with Shenzhen Ping'an Dahua Huitong Wealth Management Co., Ltd. entered into on March 10, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Zhengzhou Shengdao, this other long-term debt is secured by the Group's 80% equity interest in Zhengzhou Shengdao and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$136,098,821 (December 31, 2014: nil)
[6]	Pursuant to the agreements with Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. entered into on May 9, 2015, which is the non-controlling shareholder of Henan Quansheng, this other debt is secured by the Group's 90% equity interest in Henan Quansheng and the Group's land use rights with net book value of US$41,295,897 (December 31, 2014: nil) and Group's real estate properties under development with net book value of US$7,345,027 (December 31, 2014: nil). In addition, Wanxiang Trustee Co., Ltd. has the right to request early repayment at any time and the trust loan has been reclassified to current liabilities as of December 31, 2015.
[7]	Pursuant to the agreements with Fortress Credit Co. LLC entered into on June 9, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$165 million in total with US$96.3 million utilized, is denominated in US$ and is secured by the deposit of US$29,918,940 (December 31, 2014: US$29,973,017). This deposit is classified as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2015.
[8]	Pursuant to the agreements with Kent EB-5 LLC entered into on September 23, 2014, this other long-term debt amounting to US$50 million in total, is denominated in US$ with mature dates vary from January 23, 2020 to November 23, 2020.

Other long-term debt (Maturitie

Other long-term debt (Maturities of Long-term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Less: current portion of other long term debt	$ 348,594,822	$ 301,912,335
Other long-term debt	910,007,958	$ 576,204,491
Other Long-Term Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2,016	182,271,775
2,017	482,848,334
2,018	190,519,754
2,019	200,000,000
2020 and thereafter	202,962,917
Less: current portion of other long term debt	348,594,822
Other long-term debt	$ 910,007,958

Other long-term debt (Narrative

Other long-term debt (Narrative) (Details) $ / shares in Units, ¥ in Billions	Mar. 14, 2016USD ($)	Jan. 27, 2016USD ($)	Nov. 21, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)shares$ / shares	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015CNY (¥)	Dec. 06, 2013USD ($)	Sep. 19, 2013USD ($)	May. 03, 2013USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Sep. 19, 2013
Maturity date				Oct. 5, 2016
Stated rate				1.60%				1.60%
Redemption price				150.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio							2.75
Repayments of other debt				$ 17,854,351	$ 122,973,761	$ 40,000,000
Loss on extinguishment of debt				$ 0	$ 9,848,931	$ 0
Subsequent Event [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date	Mar. 14, 2016	Jan. 27, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 77,000,000	$ 107,000,000
Maturity date	Mar. 14, 2021	Jan. 27, 2021
Stated rate	7.09%	7.47%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				May 3, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount											$ 200,000,000
Maturity date				May 3, 2018
Stated rate				13.25%				13.25%
Debt issuance costs				$ 4,951,785
Effective interest rate				14.44%				14.44%
Ownership rate				10.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio				3				3
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Three [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				106.625%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Four [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				103.3125%
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				100.00%
Redemption terms				At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may at its option redeem the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to % of the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on May 3, 2016, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through May 3, 2016 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the May 2018 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.
May 2018 Senior Secured Notes due in May 3, 2018 at 13.25% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				113.25%
Percentage of principal redeemable				35.00%
Redemption terms				At any time prior to May 3, 2016, the Company may redeem up to % of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of % the principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the May 2018 Senior Secured Notes issued on May 3, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption.
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Dec. 6, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount									$ 200,000,000
Maturity date				Jun. 6, 2019
Stated rate				13.00%				13.00%
Debt issuance costs				$ 4,431,292
Effective interest rate				14.05%				14.05%
Ownership rate				10.00%
Fixed charge coverage ratio				3				3
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio							2.75
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Three [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				106.50%
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Four [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				103.25%
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				100.00%
Redemption terms				At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may at its option redeem the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to % of the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date. “Applicable Premium” means with respect to any Note at any redemption date, the greater of (i) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note and (ii) the excess of (A) the present value at such redemption date of the redemption price of such Note on June 6, 2017, plus all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through June 6, 2017 (but excluding accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Adjusted Treasury Rate (as defined in the June 2019 Indenture) plus 100 basis points, over (B) the principal amount of such Note on such redemption date.
June 2019 Senior Secured Notes due in June 6, 2019 at 13% [Member] | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Redemption price				113.00%
Percentage of principal redeemable				35.00%
Redemption terms				At any time prior to June 6, 2017, the Company may redeem up to % of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more sales of the Company's common shares in certain equity offerings, within a specified period after the equity offering, at a redemption price of % the principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including) the redemption date, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes issued on December 6, 2013 remain outstanding after each such redemption.
Convertible Note due in September 19, 2018 at 5% [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance date				Sep. 19, 2013
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount										$ 75,761,009
Maturity date				Sep. 19, 2018
Stated rate				5.00%				5.00%
Redemption price				150.00%
Redemption terms				The Convertible Note was not redeemable in whole or in part at the option of the Company. However, upon an event of default, the holders could require the Company to redeem the Convertible Note at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) % of the outstanding principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and (ii) an amount equal to (A) the outstanding principal divided by , multiplied by the conversion price then in effect, times (B) the closing price of the Common Shares, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
Fixed charge coverage ratio			3
Debt conversion increments				$ 100,000
Initial conversion rate, per share | $ / shares				$ 3
Initial conversion rate, per ADS | $ / shares				$ 6
Number of shares of common stock debt is convertible into | shares				25,253,670
Number of ADS debt is convertible into | shares				12,626,835
Repayments of other debt			$ 86,272,849
Loss on extinguishment of debt			$ 9,848,931
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount				$ 154,000,000				¥ 1
Maturity date				Dec. 28, 2020
Stated rate				7.50%				7.50%

Corporate aircraft capital le79

Corporate aircraft capital lease (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015USD ($)payments	Dec. 31, 2012USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date	Oct. 5, 2016
Capital lease obligations, net of current maturities	$ 18,111,007		$ 23,499,642
Current maturities of capital lease obligations	3,065,612		$ 3,010,201
Total capital lease obligations	$ 21,176,619
Capital Lease Obligations [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt term	8 years
Maturity date	Sep. 15, 2021
Number of payments | payments	32
Quarterly payment amount	$ 1,426,435
Payment for deposit on aircraft		$ 6,700,000
Effective interest rate	10.47%

Customer deposits (Details)

Customer deposits (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Customer Deposits [Line Items]
Advances for real estate properties under development	$ 1,255,600,108	$ 1,021,782,194
Add: increase in revenue recognized in excess of amounts received from customers	18,940,748	6,346,284
Less: recognized as progress billings (see Note 4)	(1,210,089,345)	(920,965,080)
Total net balance	$ 64,451,511	$ 107,163,398
Minimum [Member]
Customer Deposits [Line Items]
Customer deposits backed by mortgage loans, percentage	40.00%
Maximum [Member]
Customer Deposits [Line Items]
Customer deposits backed by mortgage loans, percentage	80.00%

Income taxes (Income Before Tax

Income taxes (Income Before Taxes) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income taxes [Line Items]
PRC	$ 154,833,605	$ 112,781,760	$ 246,985,362
Non PRC	(35,840,702)	(33,727,777)	(36,969,248)
Income from operations before income taxes	$ 118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
PRC [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	25.00%
Withholding tax rate on dividend distributed by domestic enterprise to foreign tax resident investors (as a percent)	10.00%
HK subsidiaries [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	16.50%
Assessable Income (Loss )	$ 0	0	0
US subsidiaries [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	42.00%
Provision for income taxes	$ 0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	$ 12,905,812	(5,506,026)	(729,628)
Malaysia [Member]
Income taxes [Line Items]
Corporate income tax rate (as a percent)	25.00%
Provision for income taxes	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Income taxes (Income Tax Expens

Income taxes (Income Tax Expense) (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income taxes [Abstract]
CIT tax expense	$ 48,523,618	$ 20,791,855	$ 68,625,597
Land Appreciation Tax ("LAT") expense	23,223,407	(3,771,248)	36,727,785
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense	(19,235,707)	13,537,011	(21,693,532)
Actual income tax expense	$ 52,511,318	$ 30,557,618	$ 83,659,850

Income taxes (CIT Reconciliatio

Income taxes (CIT Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Income taxes [Abstract]
CIT at rate of 25%	$ 29,748,226	$ 19,763,496	$ 52,504,028
Tax effect of non-deductible expenses	2,028,153	6,535,308	3,490,593
Unrecognized tax benefits	(6,354,200)	(8,628,537)	5,465,293
LAT expense	23,223,407	(3,771,248)	36,727,785
CIT benefit of LAT	(5,805,852)	942,812	(9,171,919)
Changes in valuation allowance	4,274,501	0	0
International rate difference	6,075,360	10,681,232	9,089,244
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries	3,675,156	440,464	3,500,000
Adjustment of estimated income tax accruals	(4,412,050)	3,953,417	(18,059,102)
Others	58,617	640,674	113,928
Actual income tax expense	$ 52,511,318	$ 30,557,618	$ 83,659,850

Income taxes (Unrecognized tax

Income taxes (Unrecognized tax benefit and LAT) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Unrecognized tax benefit
Balance at January 1	$ 14,005,004	$ 16,313,513	$ 8,842,239
Additions for tax positions of current year	11,592,738	6,400,006	16,313,513
Movement in current year due to foreign exchange rate fluctuation	(313,640)	(79,978)	0
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(3,669,272)	(4,125,703)	0
Lapse of stature of limitations	(3,772,547)	(4,502,834)	(8,842,239)
Balance at December 31	17,842,283	14,005,004	$ 16,313,513
Unrecognized tax benefits if ultimately recognized, will impact the effective tax rate	$ 1,993,721	$ 8,582,351
Minimum [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
LAT Progressive Rate	30.00%
Minimum [Member] | LAT [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
Local tax levy rate	0.80%
Maximum [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
LAT Progressive Rate	60.00%
Maximum [Member] | LAT [Member]
Income Tax [Line Items]
Local tax levy rate	1.00%

Income taxes (Deferred Tax Asse

Income taxes (Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Current deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward	$ 9,858,503	$ 4,947,176
Accruals and provisions	6,269,775	5,554,948
Deemed interest income	14,868,874	3,276,136
Unrealized profit at consolidation	2,946,297	0
Allowance for deferred tax assets	(4,274,501)	0
Total current deferred tax assets	29,668,948	13,778,260
Current deferred tax liabilities:
Revenue recognized based on percentage of completion	(38,623,934)	(31,868,998)
Real estate properties accelerated cost deduction	(1,282,034)	(1,360,518)
Taxable temporary differences arising from business combinations and asset acquisitions	(47,409,723)	(71,705,371)
Others	(45,532)	(45,532)
Total current deferred tax liabilities	(87,361,223)	(104,980,419)
Net current deferred tax liabilities	(57,692,275)	(91,202,159)
Long-term deferred tax assets:
Tax loss carried forward	5,553,093	2,727,890
Revenue recognition of real estate lease income on a straight-line basis	8,955,776	8,767,201
Others	979,688	2,146,517
Total long-term deferred tax assets	15,488,557	13,641,608
Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Income tax on undistributed earnings of PRC subsidiaries	(13,500,239)	(9,825,083)
Total long-term deferred tax liabilities	(13,500,239)	(9,825,083)
Net long-term deferred tax assets	1,988,318	3,816,525
Undistributed earnings from subsidiaries	332,900,000	98,300,000
Earnings that may be remitted on a tax-free basis	197,900,000	197,900,000
Deferred tax liabilities	13,500,000	9,830,000
Remaining undistributed earnings	509,100,000	683,700,000
Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities	50,900,000	68,400,000
Subsidiaries [Member]
Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Net operating loss carry forwards	39,400,000	19,800,000
Subsidiaries [Member] | Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Long-term deferred tax liabilities:
Net operating loss carry forwards	$ 9,000,000	$ 5,900,000

Share-based compensation (Detai

Share-based compensation (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 4,904,626	$ 3,232,940	$ 676,303
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	4,904,626	3,232,940	676,303
General and Administrative Expense [Member] | Employee Stock Option [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 4,407,999	$ 2,736,313	$ 427,989

Share-based compensation (2007

Share-based compensation (2007 Equity Incentive Plan, 2007 Long Term Incentive Plan, 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan and 2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan) (Details) - USD ($)	Nov. 06, 2015	Sep. 30, 2015	Jul. 29, 2015	Jul. 01, 2015	Apr. 10, 2015	Feb. 26, 2015	Jun. 30, 2014	Jun. 25, 2014	May. 23, 2014	Apr. 11, 2014	Nov. 08, 2013	Sep. 05, 2013	Sep. 03, 2013	Aug. 07, 2013	Jul. 01, 2013	Aug. 11, 2007	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Jun. 30, 2015	Nov. 30, 2007
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Value of shares repurchased																	$ 3,259,998	$ 7,042,725
The Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted																6,125,374
Minimum exercise price																$ 0.0001
Maximum exercise price																2.50
Weighted-average fair value of options granted																$ 2.67
Total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures																$ 15,564,801
Stock options granted, expiration date																Aug. 10, 2017
The Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period for plan																10 months
The Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period for plan																60 months
2007 Plan [Member] | Service Condition Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted	200,000	200,000		1,200,000	600,000	200,000	907,000	600,000			400,000	600,000	600,000	400,000	600,000
Exercise price of options granted	$ 1.81	$ 1.39		$ 1.71	$ 1.605	$ 1.255	$ 1.21	$ 2.045			$ 3.185	$ 2.92	$ 2.86	$ 2.475	$ 2.105
Weighted-average fair value of options granted	$ 0.61	$ 0.50		$ 0.48	$ 0.52	$ 0.36	$ 0.81	$ 0.52			$ 1.03	$ 1	$ 0.96	$ 0.84	$ 0.72
Total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures	$ 122,109	$ 100,243		$ 577,836	$ 312,671	$ 71,853	$ 734,181	$ 311,098			$ 412,735	$ 602,604	$ 578,159	$ 337,655	$ 431,687
Vesting period for plan	36 months	36 months		36 months	36 months	36 months		36 months			36 months	36 months	36 months	36 months	36 months
Stock options granted, expiration date	Nov. 6, 2025	Sep. 30, 2025		Jul. 1, 2025	Apr. 10, 2025	Feb. 26, 2025		Jun. 25, 2024			Nov. 8, 2023	Sep. 5, 2023	Sep. 3, 2023	Aug. 7, 2023	Jul. 1, 2023
2007 Plan [Member] | Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Recognition period																	2 years 1 month 28 days
2007 Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total number of shares authorized																				10,000,000
2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period for plan																	3 years	3 years
Value of shares repurchased									$ 7,042,725	$ 3,259,998
Shares repurchased									4,234,884	2,076,964
Weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted shares granted																	$ 1.605	$ 2.01
2014 Restricted Stock Unit Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total number of shares authorized									10,000,000
Long Term Incentive Plan 2015 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total number of shares authorized																			20,000,000
Long Term Incentive Plan 2015 [Member] | Service Condition Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options granted			81,600	6,574,600
Exercise price of options granted			$ 1.71	$ 1.71
Weighted-average fair value of options granted			$ 0.42	$ 0.48
Total expected compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures			$ 34,294	$ 3,165,867
Vesting period for plan			33 months	34 months
Stock options granted, expiration date			Jul. 29, 2025	Jul. 1, 2025
Long Term Incentive Plan 2015 [Member] | Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Recognition period																	2 years 6 months

Share-based compensation (Assum

Share-based compensation (Assumptions) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Non Executive Employees [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Assumed forfeiture ratios	10.00%
Management [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Assumed forfeiture ratios	0.00%
2007 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return		2.50%	1.43%
Expected term	6 years		6 years
Volatility rate			55.70%
Dividend yield	5.00%	5.00%	5.00%
2007 Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.82%
Expected term		5 years
Volatility rate	46.30%	40.50%
2007 Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.92%
Expected term		6 years
Volatility rate	55.20%	41.40%
2015 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term	6 years
Dividend yield	5.00%
2015 Plan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.57%
Volatility rate	55.00%
2015 Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free rate of return	1.92%
Volatility rate	55.90%

Share-based compensation (Share

Share-based compensation (Share Option Activity - Options under the Plan) (Details) - USD ($)	Aug. 11, 2007	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price		$ 1.85
The Plan [Member]
Number of Options
Granted to employee	6,125,374
Exercised				15,124
The Plan [Member] | 2.50 [Member]
Number of Options
Expired		0
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Expired		$ 0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Expired		$ 0
2015 Plan [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price		$ 1.85
Total fair value of options vested		$ 639,524
2015 Plan [Member] | 2.50 [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding		560,594
Granted to employee		0
Exercised		0
Expired		0
Forfeited/Cancelled		3,298
Outstanding		557,396	560,594
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		557,396
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding		$ 2.5
Granted to employee		0
Exercised		0
Expired		0
Forfeited/Cancelled		2.5
Outstanding		2.5	$ 2.5
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 2.5
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted to employee		0 years
Exercised		0 years
Expired		0 years
Forfeited/Cancelled		0 years
Outstanding		1 year 6 months 29 days	2 years 6 months 29 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		1 year 6 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding		$ 0
Granted to employee		0
Exercised		0
Expired		0
Forfeited/Cancelled		0
Outstanding		0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 0
2015 Plan [Member] | 0.0001 [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding		23,800
Outstanding		23,800	23,800
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		23,800
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding		$ 0.0001
Outstanding		0.0001	$ 0.0001
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 0.0001
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding		1 year 6 months 29 days	2 years 6 months 29 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		1 year 6 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding		$ 28,082
Outstanding		43,909	$ 28,082
Exercisable at December 31, 2015		$ 43,909

Share-based compensation (Sha90

Share-based compensation (Share Option Activity - 2007 Plan and 2015 Long Term Incentive Plan) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price	$ 1.85
2007 Plan [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	40,000	33,000
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Total fair value of options vested	$ 633,113	$ 1,206,372	$ 430,438
2007 Plan [Member] | Employee Stock Option [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Total unrecognized compensation cost	$ 1,133,257
Total unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period	2 years 1 month 28 days
2007 Plan [Member] | 7.0 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	792,056
Outstanding	792,056	792,056
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	792,056
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 7
Outstanding	7	$ 7
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 7
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	1 year 9 months 29 days	2 years 9 months 29 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	1 year 9 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 2.975 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	180,000
Outstanding	180,000	180,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	180,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.975
Outstanding	2.975	$ 2.975
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 2.98
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	2 years 6 months	3 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	2 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.87 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	93,334
Outstanding	93,334	93,334
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	93,334
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.87
Outstanding	1.87	$ 1.87
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.87
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	3 years 3 months	4 years 3 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	3 years 3 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	860,000
Exercised	6,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	100,000
Outstanding	754,000	860,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	754,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.21
Exercised	1.21
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	1.21
Outstanding	1.21	$ 1.21
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Expired	0 years
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	4 years 11 months 12 days	5 years 11 months 12 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	4 years 11 months 12 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Exercised	2,400
Expired	0
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0
Outstanding	478,790	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 478,790
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.085 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	100,000
Outstanding	100,000	100,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	100,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.085
Outstanding	1.085	$ 1.085
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.09
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	5 years 6 months	6 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	5 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 9,500
Outstanding	76,000	$ 9,500
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 76,000
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.64 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	300,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	100,000
Outstanding	200,000	300,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.64
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	1.64
Outstanding	1.64	$ 1.64
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.64
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	6 years 10 months 13 days	7 years 10 months 13 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	6 years 10 months 13 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0
Outstanding	41,000	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 41,000
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.595 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	200,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	200,000
Outstanding	0	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.595
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	1.595
Outstanding	$ 1.60	$ 1.595
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	6 years 10 months 13 days	7 years 10 months 13 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0
Outstanding	$ 0	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 2.105 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	600,000
Outstanding	600,000	600,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	400,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.105
Outstanding	2.105	$ 2.105
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 2.11
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	7 years 6 months	8 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	7 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 2.86 (Exercise Price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	600,000
Outstanding	600,000	600,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	400,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.86
Outstanding	2.86	$ 2.86
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 2.86
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	7 years 8 months 1 day	8 years 8 months 1 day
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	7 years 8 months 1 day
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Outstanding	0	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 2.045 (exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	600,000
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	600,000
Outstanding	0	600,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 2.045
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	2.045
Outstanding	$ 2.045	$ 2.045
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	0 years
Outstanding	8 years 5 months 23 days	9 years 5 months 23 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Forfeited/Cancelled (employee)	$ 0
Outstanding	$ 0
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Outstanding	907,000
Exercised	17,000
Outstanding	873,000	907,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	873,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding	$ 1.21
Exercised	1.21
Outstanding	1.21	$ 1.21
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Outstanding	8 years 6 months	9 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	8 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 0
Exercised	6,800
Outstanding	554,355	$ 0
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 554,355
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.255(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	200,000
Outstanding	200,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	132,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.255
Outstanding	1.255
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 1.26
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 1 month 28 days
Outstanding	9 years 1 month 28 days
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	9 years 1 month 28 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 118,000
Outstanding	118,000
Exercisable at December 31, 2015	$ 77,880
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.605(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	600,000
Outstanding	600,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.605
Outstanding	$ 1.605
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 3 months 7 days
Outstanding	9 years 3 months 7 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 144,000
Outstanding	$ 144,000
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.71(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	1,200,000
Outstanding	1,200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.710
Outstanding	$ 1.71
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 6 months
Outstanding	9 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 162,000
Outstanding	$ 162,000
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.39(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	200,000
Outstanding	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.390
Outstanding	$ 1.39
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 9 months
Outstanding	9 years 9 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 91,000
Outstanding	$ 91,000
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.81(exercise price) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	200,000
Outstanding	200,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.810
Outstanding	$ 1.81
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 10 months 6 days
Outstanding	9 years 10 months 6 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 7,000
Outstanding	$ 7,000
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (exercise price, one) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	2,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 634
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (exercise price, two) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	4,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 1,220
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (exercise price, three) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	2,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 817
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (exercise price, four) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	5,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 1,999
2007 Plan [Member] | 1.21 (exercise price, five) [Member]
Number of Options
Exercised	4,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Exercised	$ 1.21
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Exercised	0 years
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Exercised	$ 1,553
2015 Plan [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Common stock, closing share price	$ 1.85
Total fair value of options vested	$ 639,524
2015 Plan [Member] | Employee Stock Option [Member]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Total unrecognized compensation cost	$ 2,560,637
Total unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period	2 years 6 months
2015 Plan [Member] | 1.71(exercise price, one) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	81,600
Outstanding	81,600
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.71
Outstanding	$ 1.71
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 6 months 29 days
Outstanding	9 years 6 months 29 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 11,016
Outstanding	$ 11,016
2015 Plan [Member] | 1.71(exercise price, two) [Member]
Number of Options
Granted	6,574,600
Outstanding	6,574,600
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Granted	$ 1.71
Outstanding	$ 1.71
Weighted Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Granted	9 years 6 months
Outstanding	9 years 6 months
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Granted	$ 887,571
Outstanding	$ 887,571

Other payables and accrued li91

Other payables and accrued liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Other payables and accrued liabilities [Abstract]
Contract deposit	$ 31,740,289	$ 22,484,500
Accrued expense	22,170,906	19,893,141
Deed tax and maintenance fund withheld for customers	13,318,504	266,382
Bidding deposit	1,881,217	1,698,002
Welfare payable	1,590,932	1,697,794
Other tax payable	701,721	8,606,598
Accrued aircraft operating expense	8,445,279	752,574
Accrued interest expense	14,178,760	11,582,212
Others	12,098,761	7,106,887
Total	$ 106,126,369	$ 74,088,090

Related party and employee tr92

Related party and employee transactions (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	$ 58,630,172	$ 125,374,349
Advances to employees	350,919	50,057
Director [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction	8,549,672	8,145,311	$ 9,690,085
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	45,072,727	125,374,349
Advanced to related party	146,042,251
Proceeds from related party	221,558,534
Shaanxi Zhongmao Economy Development Co., Ltd. [Member] | Acquisitions of Land in Xi''an [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party		104,410,477
Beijing Ruihao Rongtong Real estate development Co., Ltd. [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	10,816,284	0
Beijing Starry Sky Cinema Co., Ltd [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due from related party	$ 2,741,161	$ 0

Equity (Details)

Equity (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 19, 2013	Sep. 19, 2013	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 28, 2015	Jul. 12, 2013
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized			500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, par value per share			$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Stock repurchase program authorized amount						$ 40,000,000	$ 60,000,000
Treasury share repurchases			$ 3,349,172	$ 17,610,787	$ 5,767,159
Treasury shares, shares	14,264,896	14,264,896	13,470,488
Treasury stock, value	$ 19,434,281	$ 19,434,281	$ 24,045,440	$ 20,696,268
Shares repurchased, average cost per share		$ 1.36
Number of shares issued	12,000,000
Proceeds from issuance of common shares	$ 32,880,000
Dividends per share			$ 0.025	$ 0.025	$ 0.025
Distribution of dividends to common shareholders			$ 14,751,704	$ 15,288,919	$ 14,724,740
Shares repurchased under plan			2,076,964	4,234,884
Total cost of shares repurchased for RSU Plan			$ 3,259,998	$ 7,042,725	$ 0
Treasury Shares [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Treasury share repurchases, shares			2,179,902	9,025,690	2,629,716
Treasury share repurchases			$ 3,349,172	$ 17,610,787	$ 5,767,159
The Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					15,124
Options exercised, price					$ 2.5
2007 Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares			40,000	33,000
Options exercised, price			$ 1.21	$ 1.21
2007 Plan [Member] | Exercise Price One [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					406,666
Options exercised, price					$ 1.87
2007 Plan [Member] | Exercise Price Two [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					200,000
Options exercised, price					$ 1.8
2007 Plan [Member] | Exercise Price Three [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of share options, shares					4,082,020
Options exercised, price					$ 1.21

Earnings per share (Details)

Earnings per share (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Numerator:
Net income		$ 66,482,107	$ 48,515,730	$ 126,356,264
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. Shareholders - basic		66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Interest expense associated with the Convertible Note		0	2,690,572	798,984
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders - diluted		$ 66,482,107	$ 51,206,302	$ 127,155,248
Denominator:
Number of shares outstanding, basic	[1]	142,625,427	151,935,765	145,733,028
Convertible Note (Note 12)		0	24,561,789	2,038,808
Stock options		348,603	620,681	1,692,720
Restricted stock units		3,513,919	0	0
Number of shares outstanding-diluted		146,487,949	177,118,235	149,464,556
Basic earnings per share		$ 0.47	$ 0.32	$ 0.87
Diluted earnings per share		$ 0.45	$ 0.29	$ 0.85
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive shares		11,878,986	4,086,084	1,123,723
[1]	The restricted shares repurchased by the trustee that are unvested are excluded from the number of shares outstanding for purposes of computing basic earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260. However, these unvested restricted shares are factored into the computation of diluted earnings per share using the treasury stock method.

Segment reporting (Details)

Segment reporting (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	$ 1,134,466,776	$ 892,825,892	$ 874,926,633
Real estate lease income	6,573,263	4,936,186	5,989,766
Other revenue	23,283,959	21,985,595	16,821,657
Total revenue	1,164,323,998	919,747,673	897,738,056
Cost of real estate sales	(866,242,863)	(650,573,170)	(590,935,635)
Cost of real estate lease income	(3,956,322)	(3,173,215)	(1,596,231)
Other costs	(21,134,707)	(23,835,732)	(6,208,324)
Total costs of revenue	(891,333,892)	(677,582,117)	(598,740,190)
Gross profit	272,990,106	242,165,556	298,997,866
Operating expenses	(167,455,085)	(145,116,061)	(85,222,487)
Operating income	105,535,021	97,049,495	213,775,379
Interest income	24,503,736	14,577,322	11,681,487
Interest expense	(20,281,416)	(28,200,767)	(16,862,532)
Net realized gain on short-term investments	603,078	3,128,014	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Exchange gains	403,286	706,108	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	49,443	122,033	0
Other operating income/expense	5,945,120	3,212,606	1,538,968
Income from operations before income taxes	118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(52,511,318)	(30,557,618)	(83,659,850)
Net income	66,481,585	48,496,365	126,356,264
Depreciation and amortization	8,751,664	6,998,122	3,137,122
Capital expenditure	39,125,572	18,695,933	100,099,135
Equity investment	0	0	5,967,905
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217	5,524,041
Real estate properties development completed	24,076,559	12,308,999	21,260,288
Real estate properties under development	1,887,321,801	1,714,575,052	932,518,706
Real estate properties held for lease	71,132,582	69,223,748	60,410,181
Total long-lived assets	298,423,722	161,067,575	137,571,642
Total assets	3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234	2,382,099,592
Henan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	251,681,188	310,236,873	378,087,120
Real estate lease income	4,484,591	2,991,909	2,098,415
Other revenue	1,396,463	110,500	242,368
Total revenue	257,562,242	313,339,282	380,427,903
Cost of real estate sales	(160,197,316)	(210,789,926)	(225,443,661)
Cost of real estate lease income	(2,202,367)	(2,574,534)	(1,602,225)
Other costs	160,449	(1,804,955)	3,553,561
Total costs of revenue	(162,239,234)	(215,169,415)	(223,492,325)
Gross profit	95,323,008	98,169,867	156,935,578
Operating expenses	(51,882,922)	(58,981,130)	(39,956,831)
Operating income	43,440,086	39,188,737	116,978,747
Interest income	23,284,854	10,797,806	9,121,573
Interest expense	21,612,239	(471,635)	(778,032)
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	3,128,014
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	403,286	706,108
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	120,146
Other operating income/expense	0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	90,975,100	51,777,279	125,205,100
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(16,234,099)	1,897,892	(46,673,642)
Net income	74,741,001	53,675,171	78,531,458
Depreciation and amortization	5,569,343	5,056,099	1,903,564
Capital expenditure	4,249,718	6,317,246	6,672,173
Equity investment			5,967,905
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	4,775,131	10,174,728	665,410
Real estate properties under development	313,105,983	122,442,706	190,143,709
Real estate properties held for lease	42,511,937	45,892,107	48,011,607
Total long-lived assets	221,202,024	91,997,422	106,014,797
Total assets	1,064,084,941	868,110,770	928,034,862
Shandong [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	186,222,554	192,437,765	290,511,011
Real estate lease income	202,892	218,320	196,596
Other revenue	30,659	110,166	84,040
Total revenue	186,456,105	192,766,251	290,791,647
Cost of real estate sales	(149,867,847)	(146,862,778)	(220,570,567)
Cost of real estate lease income	(285,974)	29,388	(129,059)
Other costs	(376,070)	(1,303,518)	(512)
Total costs of revenue	(150,529,891)	(148,136,908)	(220,700,138)
Gross profit	35,926,214	44,629,343	70,091,509
Operating expenses	(13,528,548)	(8,891,116)	(6,925,944)
Operating income	22,397,666	35,738,227	63,165,565
Interest income	237,687	903,353	749,616
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	3,212,606	0
Income from operations before income taxes	22,635,353	39,854,186	63,915,181
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(9,901,175)	(9,997,111)	(13,936,301)
Net income	12,734,178	29,857,075	49,978,880
Depreciation and amortization	400,733	255,701	147,053
Capital expenditure	172,853	187,745	184,084
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	778,376	555,797
Real estate properties under development	275,709,393	230,512,631	37,201,975
Real estate properties held for lease	4,487,714	5,053,480	3,602,956
Total long-lived assets	6,683,031	7,323,161	4,694,369
Total assets	457,041,948	501,351,668	314,799,152
Jiangsu [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	371,469,943	175,960,358	186,224,891
Real estate lease income	0	651	576,457
Other revenue	308,026	57,357	479,202
Total revenue	371,777,969	176,018,366	187,280,550
Cost of real estate sales	(305,417,991)	(138,838,903)	(135,087,692)
Cost of real estate lease income	(1,416,157)	(575,529)	(323,012)
Other costs	(641,646)	(391,538)	3,359,189
Total costs of revenue	(307,475,794)	(139,805,970)	(132,051,515)
Gross profit	64,302,175	36,212,396	55,229,035
Operating expenses	(15,826,805)	(12,928,183)	(11,766,051)
Operating income	48,475,370	23,284,213	43,462,984
Interest income	442,560	471,254	216,008
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	48,917,930	23,755,467	43,678,992
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(32,061)	(3,452,056)	(16,640,499)
Net income	48,885,869	20,303,411	27,038,493
Depreciation and amortization	1,542,209	684,087	548,699
Capital expenditure	31,524	175,551	91,784,366
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	19,301,428	1,069,768	19,244,890
Real estate properties under development	307,172,930	476,026,887	441,295,792
Real estate properties held for lease	23,416,217	17,464,831	7,712,857
Total long-lived assets	27,947,425	23,139,244	12,200,324
Total assets	655,880,819	642,378,579	482,414,252
Anhui [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales			0
Real estate lease income			0
Other revenue			0
Total revenue			0
Cost of real estate sales			0
Cost of real estate lease income			0
Other costs			0
Total costs of revenue			0
Gross profit			0
Operating expenses			(12,908)
Operating income			(12,908)
Interest income			129
Interest expense			0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee			0
Other operating income/expense			0
Income from operations before income taxes			(12,779)
Income tax benefit /(expense)			(40,107)
Net income			(52,886)
Depreciation and amortization			52,166
Capital expenditure			0
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale			0
Real estate properties development completed			287,165
Real estate properties under development			0
Real estate properties held for lease			846,903
Total long-lived assets			847,318
Total assets			9,494,401
Sichuan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	36,372,298	9,912,254	13,489,121
Real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other revenue	80,142	29,585	183,026
Total revenue	36,452,440	9,941,839	13,672,147
Cost of real estate sales	(32,313,894)	(9,125,435)	(3,107,736)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other costs	(3,615)	(16,975)	(56,418)
Total costs of revenue	(32,317,509)	(9,142,410)	(3,164,154)
Gross profit	4,134,931	799,429	10,507,993
Operating expenses	(3,672,935)	(3,229,614)	(936,011)
Operating income	461,996	(2,430,185)	9,571,982
Interest income	18,752	8,312	11,819
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	480,748	(2,421,873)	9,583,801
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(1,344,687)	681,784	(2,749,642)
Net income	(863,939)	(1,740,089)	6,834,159
Depreciation and amortization	64,082	38,685	3,652
Capital expenditure	0	296,976	0
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0	507,026
Real estate properties under development	223,653,822	213,243,863	0
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0	0
Total long-lived assets	9,036,881	10,904,402	1,649,862
Total assets	206,485,216	125,561,644	88,642,444
Beijing [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	166,775,534	188,579,891	0
Real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other revenue	318,271	11,717	0
Total revenue	167,093,805	188,591,608	0
Cost of real estate sales	(118,868,527)	(133,519,235)	0
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other costs	(835,555)	(364,326)	0
Total costs of revenue	(119,704,082)	(133,883,561)	0
Gross profit	47,389,723	54,708,047	0
Operating expenses	(32,178,776)	(27,689,927)	(6,670,853)
Operating income	15,210,947	27,018,120	(6,670,853)
Interest income	331,042	375,674	736,400
Interest expense	0	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	1,887
Other operating income/expense	0	0	1,538,968
Income from operations before income taxes	15,541,989	27,395,681	(4,395,485)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(13,479,368)	(18,646,689)	1,212,316
Net income	2,062,621	8,748,992	(3,183,169)
Depreciation and amortization	515,150	446,531	311,673
Capital expenditure	33,952,563	57,767	936,906
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0	0
Real estate properties under development	62,561,492	124,555,677	198,205,122
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0	0
Total long-lived assets	6,958,865	3,896,449	1,664,134
Total assets	346,527,256	427,431,672	184,288,291
Hainan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	3,534,278	6,526,065
Real estate lease income	0	0
Other revenue	8,157	391
Total revenue	3,542,435	6,526,456
Cost of real estate sales	(2,337,677)	(4,137,467)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0
Other costs	(324)	(17)
Total costs of revenue	(2,338,001)	(4,137,484)
Gross profit	1,204,434	2,388,972
Operating expenses	(6,617,557)	(3,855,809)
Operating income	(5,413,123)	(1,466,837)
Interest income	3,968	4,974
Interest expense	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	4,677,244	0
Income from operations before income taxes	(731,911)	(1,461,863)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	163,491	(737,457)
Net income	(568,420)	(2,199,320)
Depreciation and amortization	208,486	95,456
Capital expenditure	127,550	698,842
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0
Real estate properties under development	101,059,710	80,188,420
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0
Total long-lived assets	553,186	690,086
Total assets	135,047,439	52,944,306
Hunan [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	42,191,276	4,109,978
Real estate lease income	0	0
Other revenue	2,332	244
Total revenue	42,193,608	4,110,222
Cost of real estate sales	(30,095,959)	(3,632,997)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0
Other costs	0	(32,560)
Total costs of revenue	(30,095,959)	(3,665,557)
Gross profit	12,097,649	444,665
Operating expenses	(5,090,601)	(3,234,163)
Operating income	7,007,048	(2,789,498)
Interest income	45,592	16,913
Interest expense	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	7,052,640	(2,772,585)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(5,634,909)	(543,422)
Net income	1,417,731	(3,316,007)
Depreciation and amortization	76,304	24,944
Capital expenditure	146,074	242,276
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0
Real estate properties under development	157,166,855	145,738,966
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0
Total long-lived assets	468,620	528,484
Total assets	110,988,357	99,029,288
Shanghai [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	70,058,447	0
Real estate lease income	0	0
Other revenue	0	0
Total revenue	70,058,447	0
Cost of real estate sales	(62,366,015)	0
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0
Other costs	0	0
Total costs of revenue	(62,366,015)	0
Gross profit	7,692,432	0
Operating expenses	(4,346,174)	(2,353,439)
Operating income	3,346,258	(2,353,439)
Interest income	134,580	9,647
Interest expense	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	3,480,838	(2,343,792)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(1,259,900)	(505,771)
Net income	2,220,938	(2,849,563)
Depreciation and amortization	83,175	35,727
Capital expenditure	0	371,198
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	0
Real estate properties under development	155,309,860	192,275,659
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0
Total long-lived assets	391,481	761,721
Total assets	128,502,762	197,356,138
Tianjin [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	4,631,258
Other revenue	1,333
Total revenue	4,632,591
Cost of real estate sales	(3,534,525)
Cost of real estate lease income	0
Other costs	(8,424)
Total costs of revenue	(3,542,949)
Gross profit	1,089,642
Operating expenses	(10,002,768)
Operating income	(8,913,126)
Interest income	2,966
Interest expense	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0
Exchange gains	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0
Other operating income/expense	0
Income from operations before income taxes	(8,910,160)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	1,739,065
Net income	(7,171,095)
Depreciation and amortization	3,839
Capital expenditure	52,401
Real estate properties held for sale	0
Real estate properties development completed	0
Real estate properties under development	57,207,564
Real estate properties held for lease	0
Total long-lived assets	751,519
Total assets	19,201,186
United States [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	1,530,000	4,921,331	6,614,490
Real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other revenue	0	0	15,520
Total revenue	1,530,000	4,921,331	6,630,010
Cost of real estate sales	(1,243,112)	(4,643,722)	(6,002,345)
Cost of real estate lease income	0	0	0
Other costs	0	0	(550)
Total costs of revenue	(1,243,112)	(4,643,722)	(6,002,895)
Gross profit	286,888	277,609	627,115
Operating expenses	(4,971,109)	(5,783,635)	(1,359,841)
Operating income	(4,684,221)	(5,506,026)	(732,726)
Interest income	0	0	3,098
Interest expense	17,587,083	0	0
Net realized gain on short-term investments	0	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	0	0
Other operating income/expense	2,950	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	12,905,812	(5,506,026)	(729,628)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	2,825,203	2,243,056	(44,335)
Net income	15,731,015	(3,262,970)	(773,963)
Depreciation and amortization	50,985	147,349	174
Capital expenditure	136,065	10,130,497	116,597
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	1,185,217	5,524,041
Real estate properties development completed	0	0	0
Real estate properties under development	226,208,448	119,947,878	65,672,108
Real estate properties held for lease	0	0	0
Total long-lived assets	13,009,709	11,488,178	113,296
Total assets	166,888,356	36,990,997	6,530,771
Others [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net real estate sales	0	141,377	0
Real estate lease income	1,885,780	1,725,306	3,118,298
Other revenue	21,138,576	21,665,635	15,817,501
Total revenue	23,024,356	23,532,318	18,935,799
Cost of real estate sales	0	977,293	(723,634)
Cost of real estate lease income	(51,824)	(52,540)	458,065
Other costs	(19,429,522)	(19,921,843)	(13,063,594)
Total costs of revenue	(19,481,346)	(18,997,090)	(13,329,163)
Gross profit	3,543,010	4,535,228	5,606,636
Operating expenses	(19,336,890)	(18,169,045)	(17,594,048)
Operating income	(15,793,880)	(13,633,817)	(11,987,412)
Interest income	1,735	1,989,389	842,844
Interest expense	(59,480,738)	(27,729,132)	(16,084,500)
Net realized gain on short-term investments	603,078	0
Share of income (loss) in an equity investee	0	0	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)
Exchange gains	0	0
Unrealized income on short-term investments	49,443	0
Other operating income/expense	1,264,926	0	0
Income from operations before income taxes	(73,355,436)	(49,222,491)	(27,229,068)
Income tax benefit /(expense)	(9,352,878)	(1,497,844)	(4,787,640)
Net income	(82,708,314)	(50,720,335)	(32,016,708)
Depreciation and amortization	237,358	213,543	170,141
Capital expenditure	256,824	217,835	405,009
Equity investment			0
Real estate properties held for sale	0	0	0
Real estate properties development completed	0	286,127	0
Real estate properties under development	8,165,744	9,642,365	0
Real estate properties held for lease	716,714	813,330	235,858
Total long-lived assets	11,420,981	10,338,428	10,387,542
Total assets	$ 270,739,159	$ 280,371,172	$ 367,895,419

Commitments and contingencies96

Commitments and contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Operating lease commitments
2,016	$ 3,113,503
2,017	1,732,005
2,018	1,326,668
2,019	781,985
2,020	562,477
2021 and thereafter	143,218
Total	7,659,856
Capital lease commitments
2,016	5,106,207
2,017	5,106,207
2,018	5,106,207
2,019	5,106,207
2020 and thereafter	7,659,311
Total minimum lease payments	28,084,139
Less interest	(6,907,520)
Capital lease obligations	21,176,619
Less current maturities of capital lease obligations	(3,065,612)	$ (3,010,201)
Long-term capital lease obligations	18,111,007	23,499,642
Other commitments
2,016	237,174,797
2,017	154,945,910
2,018	35,408,090
2,019	34,442,583
2020 and thereafter	0
Total	461,971,380
Domestic Tax Authority [Member] | Zhengzhou Modern City [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Estimated amount for the contingency	16,200,000
Financial Guarantee [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Aggregate amount of guarantee	1,513,664,015	1,305,598,342
Payments to satisfy guarantee obligations	$ 555,969	$ 1,478,386	$ 359,551

Concentration of risk (Details)

Concentration of risk (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Concentration of risk [Abstract]
Exchange rate appreciation			2.90%
Exchange rate appreciation (depreciation)	4.40%	2.40%

Accumulated other comprehensi98

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	$ 104,557,008
Ending balance	30,951,837	$ 104,557,008
Unrealized gain associated with the available for sale securities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to net income as a result of the disposal of available-for-sale securities	146,929
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	104,557,008	107,910,960	$ 82,000,020	$ 79,859,172
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(73,605,171)	(3,353,952)	25,910,940	2,140,848
Ending balance	$ 30,951,837	$ 104,557,008	$ 107,910,960	$ 82,000,020

Non-controlling interests (Deta

Non-controlling interests (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Non-controlling interests	$ 18,819	$ 19,440
Beijing Economy Cooperation Ruifeng Investment Co., Ltd. [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)	10.00%
Non-controlling interests	$ 18,819	19,392
Kunming Huaxia Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling owners interest (percentage)	20.00%
Non-controlling interests	$ 0	$ 48

Subsequent events (Details)

Subsequent events (Details) ¥ in Millions, $ in Millions	Mar. 14, 2016USD ($)	Feb. 18, 2016USD ($)	Feb. 18, 2016CNY (¥)	Jan. 27, 2016USD ($)	Jan. 14, 2016USD ($)	Jan. 14, 2016CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2015	Mar. 05, 2015
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Debt issuance date							Sep. 19, 2013
Maturity date							Oct. 5, 2016
Stated rate							1.60%
Zhengzhou Shengdao Real Estate Co., Ltd. [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Stated rate								10.984%
Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire parcel of land					$ 57.5
Debt issuance date	Mar. 14, 2016			Jan. 27, 2016
Debt instrument, aggregate principal amount	$ 77			$ 107
Maturity date	Mar. 14, 2021			Jan. 27, 2021
Stated rate	7.09%			7.47%
Subsequent Event [Member] | Henan Xinyuan Quansheng Real Estate Co., Ltd. ("Henan Quansheng") [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire parcel of land					$ 64	¥ 420.3
Subsequent Event [Member] | Henan Xinyuan Real Estate, Ltd. [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire parcel of land		$ 104	¥ 679.2

Condensed financial informat101

Condensed financial information of the Company (Condensed Balance Sheet) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013	Sep. 19, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 387,528,092	$ 140,494,754	$ 587,119,126		$ 496,204,796
Other deposits and prepayments	254,048,288	152,289,464
Other current assets	200,891	139,043
Total current assets	3,262,963,717	3,070,458,659
Other assets	14,944,179	10,581,865
Deferred charges	12,504,255	16,677,352
TOTAL ASSETS	3,561,387,439	3,231,526,234	2,382,099,592
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Short-term bank loan	222,226,246	293,449,741
PRC income tax payable	106,034,490	62,429,274
PRC other tax payable	701,721	8,606,598
Other payables and accrued liabilities	106,126,369	74,088,090
Payroll and welfare payable	22,966,053	18,456,857
Other long-term debt due within one year	348,594,822	301,912,335
Total current liabilities	1,650,882,568	1,592,632,813
Other long-term debt	910,007,958	576,204,491
Total liabilities	2,625,435,837	2,270,914,541
Shareholders' equity
Common shares, $0.0001 par value: Authorized-500,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding-144,879,900 shares for 2015 (2014: 147,019,802 shares)	15,835	15,831
Treasury shares	(24,045,440)	(20,696,268)		$ (19,434,281)
Additional paid-in capital	531,233,336	530,670,112
Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders' equity	935,970,421	960,631,133
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 3,561,387,439	$ 3,231,526,234
Common Stock:
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	142,802,936	147,019,802
Common stock, shares outstanding	142,802,936	147,019,802
Parent Company [Member]
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,295,835	$ 4,392,766	$ 231,652,719		$ 3,761,752
Other deposits and prepayments	2,389,045	1,774,032
Other current assets	28	233,474
Due from subsidiaries	592,565,997	585,756,827
Total current assets	596,250,905	592,157,099
Other assets	0	0
Deferred charges	8,154,290	7,428,245
Investments in subsidiaries	962,901,445	900,701,691
TOTAL ASSETS	1,567,306,640	1,500,287,035
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Short-term bank loan	222,226,246	130,024,345
PRC income tax payable	13,388	13,388
PRC other tax payable	902,190	902,190
Other payables and accrued liabilities	8,194,395	8,715,979
Payroll and welfare payable	0	0
Other long-term debt due within one year	0	0
Total current liabilities	231,336,219	139,655,902
Other long-term debt	400,000,000	400,000,000
Total liabilities	631,336,219	539,655,902
Shareholders' equity
Common shares, $0.0001 par value: Authorized-500,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding-144,879,900 shares for 2015 (2014: 147,019,802 shares)	15,835	15,831
Treasury shares	(24,045,440)	(20,696,268)
Additional paid-in capital	531,233,336	530,670,112
Retained earnings	428,766,690	450,641,458
Total Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders' equity	935,970,421	960,631,133
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 1,567,306,640	$ 1,500,287,035
Common Stock:
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	144,879,900	147,019,802
Common stock, shares outstanding	144,879,900	147,019,802

Condensed financial informat102

Condensed financial information of the Company (Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Sales tax	$ (67,023,202)	$ (53,185,957)	$ (52,090,833)
General and administrative expenses	(115,329,011)	(105,622,486)	(64,498,306)
Operating income	105,535,021	97,049,495	213,775,379
Interest expense	(20,281,416)	(28,200,767)	(16,862,532)
Interest income	24,503,736	14,577,322	11,681,487
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	2,234,635	(1,691,897)	(117,188)
Income from operations before income taxes	118,992,903	79,053,983	210,016,114
Income taxes	(52,511,318)	(30,557,618)	(83,659,850)
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil
Comprehensive income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	(7,123,064)	45,161,778	152,267,204
Other comprehensive income, tax effect	0	0	0
Parent Company [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Sales tax	0	0	0
General and administrative expenses	(10,301,067)	(8,860,382)	(16,494,847)
Operating income	(10,301,067)	(8,860,382)	(16,494,847)
Interest expense	(58,576,635)	(58,515,706)	(24,635,780)
Interest income	3,533	1,289,907	749,408
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	135,356,276	124,450,842	166,737,483
Income from operations before income taxes	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Income taxes	0	0	0
Net income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Other comprehensive income, net of tax of nil
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(73,605,171)	(3,353,952)	25,910,940
Comprehensive income attributable to Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd. shareholders	(7,123,064)	45,161,778	152,267,204
Other comprehensive income, tax effect	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Condensed financial informat103

Condensed financial information of the Company (Condensed Statements of Cash Flows) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 66,481,585	$ 48,496,365	$ 126,356,264
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	(2,234,635)	1,691,897	117,188
Stock based compensation expense	3,774,826	2,736,313	427,989
Amortization of deferred financing cost	2,378,767	1,620,695	640,565
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	9,848,931	0
Other deposits and prepayments	(114,766,016)	(48,556,579)	(50,252,524)
Other current assets	656,158	(138,513)	162,309
Other assets	(4,328,591)	(4,427,986)	(305,640)
Other payable and accrued liabilities	38,869,980	842,663	(40,364,427)
Payroll and welfare payables	5,791,340	(1,142,361)	9,604,240
Accrued interest	0	0	(1,352,000)
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,535,075)	(884,314,436)	(213,324,143)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from short-term bank loans	584,233,410	483,446,420	80,831,640
Repayments of short-term bank loans	(576,757,761)	(63,657,978)	(269,462,794)
Proceeds from other long-term debts	485,351,457	175,592,700	608,703,539
Repayment of other long-term debts	(17,854,351)	(122,973,761)	(40,000,000)
Issuance of treasury shares	0	0	32,792,232
Purchase of treasury shares	(3,349,172)	(17,610,787)	(5,767,159)
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,703)	(15,288,919)	(14,724,740)
Deferred charges	(3,104,812)	(10,649,965)	(9,585,309)
Purchase of shares under RSU plan	(3,259,998)	(7,042,725)	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	48,400	1,080,530	5,060,918
Net cash provided by financing activities	306,282,098	455,065,629	393,912,695
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of year	140,494,754	587,119,126	496,204,796
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF YEAR	387,528,092	140,494,754	587,119,126
Parent Company [Member]
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	66,482,107	48,515,730	126,356,264
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in profit of subsidiaries, net	(135,356,276)	(124,450,842)	(166,737,483)
Accretion of long-term debt	0	0	288,220
Stock based compensation expense	3,326,175	1,912,471	160,549
Amortization of deferred financing cost	2,378,767	1,620,695	640,565
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	9,848,931	0
Other deposits and prepayments	(615,013)	10,916,056	(12,690,088)
Other current assets	233,446	45,434	(278,908)
Other assets	0	0	98,294
Other payable and accrued liabilities	(521,582)	(737,739)	8,081,370
Payroll and welfare payables	0	(5,149,011)	5,149,011
Accrued interest	0	0	(1,352,000)
Net cash used in operating activities	(64,072,376)	(57,478,275)	(40,284,206)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Changes in due from a subsidiary	(6,809,170)	(140,334,182)	(150,361,777)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans	207,805,203	130,024,345	45,000,000
Repayments of short-term bank loans	(115,603,302)	(35,000,000)	(70,000,000)
Proceeds from other long-term debts	0	0	475,761,009
Repayment of other long-term debts	0	(75,761,009)	(40,000,000)
Issuance of treasury shares	0	0	32,792,232
Purchase of treasury shares	(3,349,172)	(17,610,787)	(5,767,160)
Dividends to shareholders	(14,751,704)	(15,288,919)	(14,724,740)
Deferred charges	(3,104,812)	0	(9,585,309)
Purchase of shares under RSU plan	(3,259,998)	(7,042,725)	0
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	(9,848,931)	0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	48,400	1,080,530	5,060,918
Net cash provided by financing activities	60,975,445	(169,781,678)	268,175,173
Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(3,096,931)	(227,259,953)	227,890,967
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of year	4,392,766	231,652,719	3,761,752
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF YEAR	$ 1,295,835	$ 4,392,766	$ 231,652,719

Condensed financial informat104

Condensed financial information of the Company (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2014
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Stated rate	1.60%
Parent Company [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Due from subsidiary	$ 521,416,425	$ 525,946,603
Parent Company [Member] | XIN Development Group International Inc. [Member] | Parent Company [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Due from subsidiary	71,149,572	59,810,224
Loan facility, maximum borrowing amount	$ 50,000,000
Stated rate	17.50%
Accrued interest	$ 22,047,693	10,708,345
Subsidiaries [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Amounts restricted including paid-in capital and statutory reserves	$ 387,450,518	$ 379,829,487