Exhibit 3.2
VANGENT, INC.
By-Laws
ARTICLE I
Offices
SECTION 1. Registered Office. The registered office of the Corporation shall be located in Wilmington, Delaware.
SECTION 2 Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
Meetings of the Stockholders
SECTION 1. Annual Meetings. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such date and time, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors shall determine.
SECTION 2. Special Meeting. Special meetings of stockholders for the transaction of such business as may properly come before the meeting may be called by order of the Board of Directors, the Executive Committee or by stockholders holding together at least a majority of all the shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, and shall be held at such date and time, within or without the State of Delaware, as may be specified by such order.
SECTION 3. Notice. Written notice of all meetings of stockholders shall be given to each stockholder of record who is entitled to vote at such meetings, stating the place, date, and time of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Except as otherwise provided by law, a copy
of the notice of any meeting shall be given, personally or by mail, not less than ten days nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, and directed to each stockholder of record at such stockholder’s record address. Notice by mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited, with postage thereon prepaid in the United States mails. If a meeting is adjourned to another time, not more than thirty days thereafter, and/or place is made at the meeting, it shall not be necessary to give notice of the adjourned meeting unless, after adjournment, a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting.
SECTION 4. Stockholder List. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, either at a place within the city or other municipality or community where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place where the meeting is to be held and during the whole time of the meeting and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
SECTION 5. Proxy Representation. Every stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy in all matters in which a stockholder is entitled to participate, whether by waiving notice of any meeting, voting or participating at a meeting or expressing consent or dissent without a meeting. Every proxy must be signed by the stockholder granting such proxy or by such stockholder’s attorney-in-fact. No proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date unless such proxy provides for a longer period. A duly executed proxy shall be
2
irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and, if and lonely as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power.
SECTION 6. Quorum;Adjournments Except as otherwise provided by law, a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of stockholders shall consist of the holders of record of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at such meeting may adjourn such meeting from time to time. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
SECTION 7 Conduct of Meeting. Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the President or, if not present, by a chairman to be chosen by the stockholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at the meeting. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as secretary of every meeting or, if the Secretary is not present, the presiding officer of the meeting shall appoint any person present to act as secretary of the meeting.
SECTION 8. Voting. At each meeting of stockholders, each stockholder entitled to vote any shares on any matter to be voted upon at such meeting shall be entitled to one vote on such matter for each such share. In the election of directors, a plurality of the votes cast, except as otherwise provided by law. Voting by ballot shall not be required for the election of directors or any other corporate action, except as otherwise provided by law.
SECTION 9. Written Consent of Shareholders Without a Meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation or any action
3
which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having no less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.
ARTICLE III
Directors
SECTION1. Functions and Definition. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by, or under the direction of, the Board of Directors. The use of the phrase “Whole Board” herein refers to the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies.
SECTION 2. Qualifications and Number. A director need not be a stockholder, a citizen of the United States or a resident of the State of Delaware. The number of directors Constituting the Whole Board may be fixed from time to time by action of the Board of Directors and, until so fixed, shall be two.
SECTION 3. Election and Term. The initial Board of Directors shall be elected by the Incorporator and shall hold office until their successors are elected and qualified or until the earlier of their resignation or removal. Thereafter, directors who are elected at an annual meeting of stockholders and directors who are elected in the interim to fill vacancies and newly created directorships shall hold office until their successors are elected and qualified or until the earlier of their resignation or removal.
4
SECTION 4. Annual Meeting. Following each annual election of directors, the newly elected Board shall meet for the purpose of the election of officers and the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting.
SECTION 5. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such time and place as the Board of Directors shall from time to time by resolution determine.
SECTION 6. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held whenever called by the direction of the President or by a majority of the directors then in office.
SECTION 7. Place. Meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any place within or without the State of Delaware.
SECTION 8. Notice. A notice of the place, date and time and the purpose or purposes of each meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director by mailing the same at least two days before the meeting or by telegraphing, telexing or telephoning the same or by delivering the same personally or by electronic mail not later than the day before the meeting, at the residence address or at the usual place of business of each director.
SECTION 9. Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, a majority of the Whole Board shall constitute a quorum. A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn a meeting from time to time to another time and place without notice. The vote of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 10. Organization. At all meetings of the Board of Directors, the President or, in the President’s absence, a chairman chosen by the directors, shall preside. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as secretary at all meetings of the Board of Directors when present and, in the Secretary’s absence, the presiding officer may appoint any person to act as secretary.
5
SECTION 11. Resignation and Removal of Directors. Any director may resign at any time and such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the President or Secretary, unless otherwise specified in the resignation. Any or all of the directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares of stock outstanding and entitled to vote for the election of directors.
SECTION 12. Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or in these By-Laws, vacancies among the directors, whether caused by resignation, death, disqualification, removal, an increase in the authorized number of directors or otherwise, may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.
SECTION 13. Action Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or the committee consent in writing to the adoption of a resolution authorizing the action. The resolution and the written consents thereto by the members of the Board or committee shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board or committee.
SECTION 14. Telephone, etc. Meetings. Members of the Board of Directors or any committee designated by the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
ARTICLE IV
Committees
SECTION 1. Executive Committee. The Board of Directors, by a resolution passed by a vote of a majority of the Whole Board, may appoint an Executive
6
Committee of two or more directors which, except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, shall have and exercise all the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the property, business and affairs of the Corporation; provided, however, that the Executive Committee shall not have any power or authority to declare dividends, issue stock, recommend to the stockholders any action requiring their approval, change the membership of any committee at any time, fill vacancies on the Board or on any committee thereof, discharge any committee either with or without cause at any time, elect officers or amend or repeal the By-Laws of the Corporation. The Board of Directors shall appoint the Chairman of the Executive Committee and may designate one or more directors as alternate members of the Executive Committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the Executive Committee. Vacancies on the Executive Committee shall be filled by the Board of Directors in the same manner as original appointments to such Committee.
SECTION 2. Other Committees. From time to time the Board of Directors by a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board may appoint any other committee or committees for any purpose or purposes, to the extent lawful, which shall have such powers as shall be determined and specified by the Board of Directors in the resolution of appointment.
SECTION 3. Procedures Applicable to All Committees. Each committee shall fix its own rules of procedure and shall meet where and as provided by such rules or by resolution of the Board of Directors. The presence of a majority of the then appointed members of a committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by that committee and, in every case where a quorum is present, the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee present shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings, and any action taken by a committee shall be reported to the Board of Directors at its meeting next succeeding such action.
7
SECTION 4. Termination of Committee Membership. In the event any person shall cease to be a director of the Corporation, such person shall simultaneously therewith cease to be a member of any committee appointed by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE V
Officers
SECTION 1. Executive Officers. The executive officers of the Corporation shall be a President, a Vice President, a Treasurer and a Secretary, all of whom shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors, Unless otherwise provided in the resolution of election, each officer shall hold office until such officer’s successor shall have been elected and qualified or until the earlier of such officer’s resignation or removal. One person may hold two or more offices.
SECTION 2. Other Officers. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers and agents as it may deem necessary or advisable for such term as the Board of Directors shall fix in such appointment, who shall have such authority and perform such duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board.
SECTION 3. Resignation and Removal. Any officer may resign his or her office at any time and such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the President of Secretary, unless otherwise specified in the resignation. All officers, agents and employees of the Corporation shall be subject to removal, with or without cause, at any time by the affirmative vote of majority of the Whole Board. The power to remove agents and employees, other than officers or agents elected or appointed by the Board of Directors, may be delegated as the Board of Directors shall determine.
SECTION 4. President. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and shall have the general powers and duties of supervision and management of the Corporation subject, however, to the control of the Board of Directors. The President shall also perform all duties incident to the office of President
8
and such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to the President by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 5. The Treasurer. Subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall have the general care and custody of all of the funds and securities of the Corporation which may come into the Treasurer’s hands and shall deposit the same to the credit of the Corporation in such bank or banks or depositaries as from time to time may be designated by the Board of Directors and shall pay out and dispose of the same under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall in general perform all duties incident to the position of Treasurer and such other duties as may be assigned to the Treasurer by the Board of Directors or the President.
SECTION 6. The Secretary. The Secretary shall: (a) keep the minutes of all proceedings of the Board of Directors and the minutes of all meetings of stockholders and also, unless otherwise directed by such committee, the minutes of each committee, in books provided for that purpose, of which the Secretary shall be the custodian, (b) attend to giving and serving of all notices for the Corporation, (c) have charge of the stock certificate books and such other books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct and (d) the Secretary shall in general perform all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as may be assigned to the Secretary by the Board of Directors or the President.
SECTION 7. Salaries. The salaries of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors, and none of such officers shall be prevented from receiving a salary by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director of the Corporation.
SECTION 8. Authority and Duties. In addition to the foregoing authority and duties, all officers of the Corporation will respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the Corporation as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors. Unless prohibited by a resolution of the Board of Directors, an officer elected or appointed by the Board may,
9
without specific approval of the Board of Directors, delegate some or all of the Duties and powers of an office to other person who are officers or employees of the Corporation if the duties and powers so delegated relate to the conduct of the ordinary course of the business of the group. division, or department of the Corporation which the delegates serve.
ARTICLE VI
Stock
SECTION 1. Stock Certificates.
(a) Form and Execution of Certificates. The certificates of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates shall be signed by the President or any Vice President and the Treasurer or the Secretary. In case any officer who has signed such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer at the date of its issue.
(b) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in place of any certificate theretofore issued by it alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Board of Directors may require the owner of any lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of any such new certificate.
SECTION 2. Stock Transfers. Upon compliance with provisions restricting the transfer or registration of transfer of shares of stock, if any, transfers or registration of transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only on the stock ledger of the Corporation by the registered holder thereof or by such holder’s attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the
10
Secretary of the Corporation and on surrender of the certificate or certificates for such shares of stock properly endorsed and payment of all taxes due thereon.
SECTION 3. Record Date for Stockholders. For the purpose of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof or to express consent or dissent from any corporate action in writing without a meeting, or for the purpose of determining the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or the allotment of any rights or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a date as the record date for any such determination of stockholders, which shall not be more than sixty days nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action.
SECTION 4. Dividends. The Board of Directors shall have the right to declare dividends to the Corporation’s stockholders in any amount whatsoever out of those moneys legally available under applicable state law.
ARTICLE VII
Waiver of Notice
Any person may waive any notice required to be given by law, in the Certificate of Incorporation or under these By-Laws (a) by attendance in person, or by proxy if a stockholder, at any meeting , except when such person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened, or (b) by a writing signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated in said notice, which waiver shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the
11
stockholders, directors, or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice.
ARTICLE VIII
Contracts
The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to enter into or execute and deliver any and all deeds, bonds, mortgages, contracts and other obligations or instruments, and such authority may be general confined to specific instances.
ARTICLE IX
Fiscal Year
The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed, and shall be subject to change, by the Board of Directors. Unless otherwise fixed by the Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the calendar year.
ARTICLE X
Indemnification
SECTION 1. Who My Be Indemnified
(a) Actions, suits and Proceedings Other Than by or in the Right of the Corporation. The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’
12
fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation or, with respect to any criminal action or proceedings, had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.
(b) Actions or Suits By or in the Right of the Corporation. The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all circumstances of the case, such person is
13
fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses that the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
(c) Indemnification for Expenses. To the extent that a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in paragraph (a) or (b), or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.
(d) Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification. Unless ordered by a court, any indemnification under paragraph (a) or (b) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in paragraph (a) or (b). Such determination shall be made (i) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, (ii) if such quorum is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, if a majority vote of a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (iii) by the stockholders.
(e) Advance of Expenses. Expenses incurred by an officer or director in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article. Such expenses incurred by other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Board of Directors deems appropriate.
14
SECTION 2. Indemnification Not Exclusive Right. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by this Article shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification and advancement of expenses may be entitled under any by-law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person.
SECTION 3. Insurance. The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against, and incurred by, such person in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article.
SECTION 4. “Corporation” Defined for Indemnification Purposes. For purposes of this Article, references to the “Corporation” shall include (in addition to the Corporation and any resulting corporation) any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, and employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article with respect to the resulting or surviving
15
corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued.
ARTICLE XI
Amendments
The Board of Directors will have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the By-Laws, subject to the power of the shareholders to change or repeal the same, provided, however, that the Board will not adopt, amend or repeal any by-law fixing a quorum for meetings of shareholders, prescribing procedures for removing directors or filling vacancies in the Board, or fixing the number of directors or their classifications, qualifications or terms of office.
16
