Fair Value Disclosures | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | ' |
Fair Value Disclosures | ' |
4 | FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value represents the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date (i.e., an exit price). Due to the inherent uncertainty of valuations of investments that are determined to be illiquid or do not have readily ascertainable fair values, the estimates of fair value may differ from the values ultimately realized, and those differences can be material. |
GAAP prioritizes the level of market price observability used in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of assets and liabilities and the specific characteristics of the assets and liabilities. Assets and liabilities with readily available, actively quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively-quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. |
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified into one of the following categories: |
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| • | | Level I – Fair value is determined using quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The types of assets and liabilities that would generally be included in this category are certain listed equities, sovereign debt of developed nations and listed derivatives. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | | Level II – Fair value is determined using quotations received from dealers making a market for these assets or liabilities (“broker quotes”), valuations obtained from independent third-party pricing services, the use of models or other valuation methodologies based on pricing inputs that are either directly or indirectly market observable as of the measurement date. Consideration is given to the nature of the broker quotes (e.g., indicative or executable). Assets and liabilities for which executable broker quotes are significant inputs in determining the fair value of an asset or liability are included within Level II. The types of assets and liabilities that would generally be included in this category are certain corporate bonds, certain credit default swap contracts, certain bank debt securities, certain commercial real estate debt, less liquid and restricted equity securities, forward contracts and certain over the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | | Level III – Fair value is determined using pricing inputs that are unobservable in the market and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. The fair value of assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining fair value of the assets or liabilities. The fair value of these assets and liabilities may be estimated using a combination of observed transaction prices, independent pricing services, relevant broker quotes, models or other valuation methodologies based on pricing inputs that are neither directly or indirectly market observable. Assets and liabilities for which indicative broker quotes are significant inputs in determining the fair value of an asset or liability are included within Level III. The types of assets and liabilities that would generally be included in this category include real estate investments, equity and debt securities issued by private entities, limited partnerships, certain corporate bonds, certain credit default swap contracts, certain bank debt securities, certain commercial real estate debt, certain OTC derivatives, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. |
Fair Value Measurements Categorized within the Fair Value Hierarchy |
The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis within the fair value hierarchy: |
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| | As of September 30, 2013 | | | | | |
| | Level I | | | Level II | | | Level III | | | Counterparty Netting | | | Total | | | | | |
of Derivative Contracts | | | | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | |
Real estate investments | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 632,150 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 632,150 | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | 197 | | | | — | | | | 358,519 | | | | — | | | | 358,716 | | | | | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | — | | | | — | | | | 247,382 | | | | — | | | | 247,382 | | | | | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | — | | | | — | | | | 164,687 | | | | — | | | | 164,687 | | | | | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | — | | | | — | | | | 155,736 | | | | — | | | | 155,736 | | | | | |
United States government obligations | | | 154,978 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 154,978 | | | | | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | — | | | | — | | | | 130,723 | | | | — | | | | 130,723 | | | | | |
Asset-backed securities | | | — | | | | — | | | | 37,769 | | | | — | | | | 37,769 | | | | | |
Common and preferred stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | 34,309 | | | | — | | | | 34,309 | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | | — | | | | 29,836 | | | | — | | | | 29,836 | | | | | |
Bank debt | | | — | | | | — | | | | 15,424 | | | | — | | | | 15,424 | | | | | |
Other investments | | | 80 | | | | 64 | | | | 2,768 | | | | (854 | ) | | | 2,058 | | | | | |
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Financial Assets, at Fair Value, Included Within Investments, at Fair Value | | $ | 155,255 | | | $ | 64 | | | $ | 1,809,303 | | | $ | (854 | ) | | $ | 1,963,768 | | | | | |
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Financial Liabilities, at Fair Value, Included Within Other Liabilities of Och-Ziff Funds | | $ | 2,987 | | | $ | 404 | | | $ | 2,004 | | | $ | (854 | ) | | $ | 4,541 | | | | | |
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| | As of December 31, 2012 | | | | | |
| | Level I | | | Level II | | | Level III | | | Counterparty Netting | | | Total | | | | | |
of Derivative Contracts | | | | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | |
Real estate investments | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 615,634 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 615,634 | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | 103 | | | | — | | | | 260,410 | | | | — | | | | 260,513 | | | | | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | — | | | | — | | | | 265,722 | | | | — | | | | 265,722 | | | | | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | — | | | | — | | | | 167,467 | | | | — | | | | 167,467 | | | | | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | — | | | | — | | | | 88,298 | | | | — | | | | 88,298 | | | | | |
United States government obligations | | | 72,955 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 72,955 | | | | | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | — | | | | — | | | | 151,275 | | | | — | | | | 151,275 | | | | | |
Asset-backed securities | | | — | | | | — | | | | 12,234 | | | | — | | | | 12,234 | | | | | |
Common and preferred stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | 47,002 | | | | — | | | | 47,002 | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | | — | | | | 41,961 | | | | — | | | | 41,961 | | | | | |
Bank debt | | | — | | | | — | | | | 21,255 | | | | — | | | | 21,255 | | | | | |
Other investments | | | 457 | | | | 70 | | | | 183 | | | | (400 | ) | | | 310 | | | | | |
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Financial Assets, at Fair Value, Included Within Investments, at Fair Value | | $ | 73,515 | | | $ | 70 | | | $ | 1,671,441 | | | $ | (400 | ) | | $ | 1,744,626 | | | | | |
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Financial Liabilities, at Fair Value, Included Within Other Liabilities of Och-Ziff Funds | | $ | 374 | | | $ | 48 | | | $ | 1,087 | | | $ | (400 | ) | | $ | 1,109 | | | | | |
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The Company assumes that any transfers between Level I, Level II or Level III during the period occur at the beginning of the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, there were no transfers between Level I, Level II or Level III assets or liabilities. |
Reconciliation of Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level III |
The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2013: |
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| | Balance as of | | | Investment | | | Investment | | | Derivative Settlements | | | Net Gains (Losses) | | | Balance as of | |
June 30, 2013 | Purchases | Sales | of Consolidated | September 30, 2013 |
| | | Och-Ziff Funds | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | |
Real estate investments | | $ | 715,682 | | | $ | 10,343 | | | $ | (104,928 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,053 | | | $ | 632,150 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | 347,805 | | | | 36,091 | | | | (25,415 | ) | | | — | | | | 38 | | | | 358,519 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | 257,604 | | | | 4,993 | | | | (23,508 | ) | | | — | | | | 8,293 | | | | 247,382 | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | 154,005 | | | | 11,825 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,143 | ) | | | 164,687 | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | 129,806 | | | | 34,755 | | | | (17,890 | ) | | | — | | | | 9,065 | | | | 155,736 | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | 153,712 | | | | 8,440 | | | | (32,828 | ) | | | — | | | | 1,399 | | | | 130,723 | |
Asset-backed securities | | | 60,226 | | | | 9,112 | | | | (33,178 | ) | | | — | | | | 1,609 | | | | 37,769 | |
Common and preferred stock | | | 43,196 | | | | 22 | | | | (10,259 | ) | | | — | | | | 1,350 | | | | 34,309 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | 27,715 | | | | — | | | | (5,221 | ) | | | — | | | | 7,342 | | | | 29,836 | |
Bank debt | | | 15,634 | | | | 9,602 | | | | (9,971 | ) | | | — | | | | 159 | | | | 15,424 | |
Other investments (including derivatives, net) | | | (1,746 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,537 | | | | 973 | | | | 764 | |
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Total, at Fair Value | | $ | 1,903,639 | | | $ | 125,183 | | | $ | (263,198 | ) | | $ | 1,537 | | | $ | 40,138 | | | $ | 1,807,299 | |
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The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2012: |
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| | Balance as of | | | Investment | | | Investment Sales | | | Derivative Settlements | | | Net Gains (Losses) | | | Balance as of | |
June 30, 2012 | Purchases | of Consolidated | September 30, 2012 |
| | Och-Ziff Funds | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | |
Real estate investments | | $ | 379,232 | | | $ | 56,092 | | | $ | (9,684 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 16,427 | | | $ | 442,067 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | 177,236 | | | | 71,061 | | | | (31,414 | ) | | | — | | | | 11,354 | | | | 228,237 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | 132,212 | | | | 65,817 | | | | (12,809 | ) | | | — | | | | 15,137 | | | | 200,357 | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | 141,172 | | | | 4,518 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 7,523 | | | | 153,213 | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | 33,707 | | | | 49,274 | | | | (19,744 | ) | | | — | | | | 8,578 | | | | 71,815 | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | 110,897 | | | | 47,763 | | | | (4,205 | ) | | | — | | | | (4,748 | ) | | | 149,707 | |
Asset-backed securities | | | — | | | | 14,910 | | | | (1,118 | ) | | | — | | | | (208 | ) | | | 13,584 | |
Common and preferred stock | | | 29,964 | | | | 20,875 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,149 | | | | 51,988 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | 49,047 | | | | 465 | | | | (3,953 | ) | | | — | | | | 2,614 | | | | 48,173 | |
Bank debt | | | 1,257 | | | | 3,319 | | | | (832 | ) | | | — | | | | 357 | | | | 4,101 | |
Other investments (including derivatives, net) | | | 856 | | | | — | | | | (2,908 | ) | | | 72 | | | | 954 | | | | (1,026 | ) |
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Total, at Fair Value | | $ | 1,055,580 | | | $ | 334,094 | | | $ | (86,667 | ) | | $ | 72 | | | $ | 59,137 | | | $ | 1,362,216 | |
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The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2013: |
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| | Balance as of | | | Investment | | | Investment Sales | | | Derivative Settlements | | | Net Gains (Losses) | | | Balance as of | |
December 31, 2012 | Purchases | of Consolidated | September 30, 2013 |
| | Och-Ziff Funds | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | |
Real estate investments | | $ | 615,634 | | | $ | 195,636 | | | $ | (277,781 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 98,661 | | | $ | 632,150 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | 260,410 | | | | 211,817 | | | | (112,246 | ) | | | — | | | | (1,462 | ) | | | 358,519 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | 265,722 | | | | 35,386 | | | | (90,514 | ) | | | — | | | | 36,788 | | | | 247,382 | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | 167,467 | | | | 41,291 | | | | (53,269 | ) | | | — | | | | 9,198 | | | | 164,687 | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | 88,298 | | | | 136,256 | | | | (87,821 | ) | | | — | | | | 19,003 | | | | 155,736 | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | 151,275 | | | | 62,307 | | | | (86,537 | ) | | | — | | | | 3,678 | | | | 130,723 | |
Asset-backed securities | | | 12,234 | | | | 63,515 | | | | (37,353 | ) | | | — | | | | (627 | ) | | | 37,769 | |
Common and preferred stock | | | 47,002 | | | | 747 | | | | (16,267 | ) | | | — | | | | 2,827 | | | | 34,309 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | 41,961 | | | | 14,045 | | | | (35,282 | ) | | | — | | | | 9,112 | | | | 29,836 | |
Bank debt | | | 21,255 | | | | 18,680 | | | | (26,466 | ) | | | — | | | | 1,955 | | | | 15,424 | |
Other investments (including derivatives, net) | | | (904 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3,389 | ) | | | 5,057 | | | | 764 | |
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Total, at Fair Value | | $ | 1,670,354 | | | $ | 779,680 | | | $ | (823,536 | ) | | $ | (3,389 | ) | | $ | 184,190 | | | $ | 1,807,299 | |
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The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s Level III assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012: |
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| | Balance as of | | | Investment | | | Investment Sales | | | Derivative Settlements | | | Net Gains (Losses) | | | Balance as of | |
December 31, 2011 | Purchases | of Consolidated | September 30, 2012 |
| | Och-Ziff Funds | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | |
Real estate investments | | $ | 308,019 | | | $ | 127,792 | | | $ | (29,914 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 36,170 | | | $ | 442,067 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | 147,426 | | | | 246,724 | | | | (190,634 | ) | | | — | | | | 24,721 | | | | 228,237 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | 44,060 | | | | 162,966 | | | | (36,153 | ) | | | — | | | | 29,484 | | | | 200,357 | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | 100,827 | | | | 6,396 | | | | (3,777 | ) | | | — | | | | 49,767 | | | | 153,213 | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | — | | | | 80,799 | | | | (19,744 | ) | | | — | | | | 10,760 | | | | 71,815 | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | 82,439 | | | | 100,623 | | | | (21,509 | ) | | | — | | | | (11,846 | ) | | | 149,707 | |
Asset-backed securities | | | — | | | | 14,910 | | | | (1,118 | ) | | | — | | | | (208 | ) | | | 13,584 | |
Common and preferred stock | | | — | | | | 50,450 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,538 | | | | 51,988 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | 27,256 | | | | 31,686 | | | | (15,051 | ) | | | — | | | | 4,282 | | | | 48,173 | |
Bank debt | | | — | | | | 4,657 | | | | (832 | ) | | | — | | | | 276 | | | | 4,101 | |
Other investments (including derivatives, net) | | | 2,885 | | | | — | | | | (2,908 | ) | | | (2,891 | ) | | | 1,888 | | | | (1,026 | ) |
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Total, at Fair Value | | $ | 712,912 | | | $ | 827,003 | | | $ | (321,640 | ) | | $ | (2,891 | ) | | $ | 146,832 | | | $ | 1,362,216 | |
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The table below summarizes the net change in unrealized gains and losses on the Company’s Level III investments held as of the reporting date. These gains and losses are included within net gains of consolidated Och-Ziff funds in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss): |
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| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2013 | | | 2012 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | | | | | | | | | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate investments | | $ | (15,193 | ) | | $ | 13,863 | | | $ | 46,947 | | | $ | 31,807 | | | | | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | (2,981 | ) | | | 6,223 | | | | (17,586 | ) | | | 10,075 | | | | | | | | | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | 1,009 | | | | 16,615 | | | | 7,468 | | | | 19,820 | | | | | | | | | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | | (1,143 | ) | | | 7,522 | | | | 9,198 | | | | 48,739 | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in affiliated funds | | | 8,900 | | | | 7,124 | | | | 10,635 | | | | 7,973 | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial real estate debt | | | 565 | | | | (5,061 | ) | | | (929 | ) | | | (14,205 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Asset-backed securities | | | 2,462 | | | | (155 | ) | | | 141 | | | | (155 | ) | | | | | | | | |
Common and preferred stock | | | 2,851 | | | | 1,149 | | | | 3,941 | | | | 1,538 | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | 6,675 | | | | 2,382 | | | | (2,565 | ) | | | 3,835 | | | | | | | | | |
Bank debt | | | 81 | | | | 331 | | | | 51 | | | | 250 | | | | | | | | | |
Other investments (including derivatives, net) | | | 2,551 | | | | 490 | | | | 1,423 | | | | 1,341 | | | | | | | | | |
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Total | | $ | 5,777 | | | $ | 50,483 | | | $ | 58,724 | | | $ | 111,018 | | | | | | | | | |
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Valuation Methodologies for Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Levels II and III |
Real Estate Investments |
Real estate investments include equity, preferred equity, mezzanine debt, and participating debt in entities domiciled primarily in the United States. The fair values of these investments are generally based upon discounting the expected cash flows from the investment or a cash flow multiple. In reaching the determination of fair value for investments, the Company considers many factors including, but not limited to: the operating cash flows and financial performance of the real estate investments relative to budgets or projections; property types; geographic locations; the physical condition of the asset; prevailing market capitalization rates; prevailing market discount rates; general economic conditions; economic conditions specific to the market in which the assets are located; the prevailing interest rate environment; the prevailing state of the debt markets; comparable public company trading multiples; independent third-party appraisals; available pricing data on comparable properties in the specific market in which the asset is located; expected exit timing and strategy; and any specific rights or terms associated with the investment. |
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s real estate investments are discount rates, cash flow growth rates, capitalization rates, the price per square foot, the absorption percentage per year, exit multiples and credit spreads. Significant increases (decreases) in the discount rates, capitalization rates and credit spreads in isolation would be expected to result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in the cash flow growth rates, the price per square foot, the absorption percentage per year and exit multiples in isolation would be expected to result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. |
Collateralized Debt Obligations; Residential and Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities; Commercial Real Estate Debt; Common and Preferred Stock; Asset-Backed Securities; Bank Debt |
The fair value of investments in collateralized debt obligations, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, commercial real estate debt, common and preferred stock, asset-backed securities and bank debt that do not have readily ascertainable fair values is generally determined using broker quotes or is based on invested capital. To the extent broker quotes are not available or deemed unreliable, the methods and procedures to value these investments may include, but are not limited to: using independent pricing services; performing comparisons with prices of comparable or similar securities; obtaining valuation-related information from the issuers; calculating the present value of future cash flows; assessing other analytical data and information relating to these investments that is an indication of their value; obtaining information provided by third parties; reviewing the amounts invested in these investments; and evaluating financial information provided by the management of these investments. Market data is used to the extent that it is observable and considered reliable. |
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The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s residential mortgage-backed securities that are not valued using broker quotes are discount rates and credit spreads. Significant increases (decreases) in the discount rates and credit spreads in isolation would be expected to result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. |
Energy and Natural Resources Limited Partnerships |
The fair value of energy and natural resources limited partnerships are generally determined using discounted cash flows when assets are producing oil or gas, or when it is reasonably certain that an asset will be capable of producing oil or gas. Acreage with proven undeveloped, probable or possible reserves are valued using prevailing prices of comparable properties, and may include adjustments for other assets or liabilities such as seismic data, equipment, and cash held by the investee. Certain natural resource assets may be valued based on recent financings or based on the fair value of certain underlying publicly traded securities held by an investee, adjusted for lack of marketability. Additionally, the fair value for certain energy and natural resources limited partnership investments is based on the net asset value of the underlying fund, adjusted for an illiquidity discount. |
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s energy and natural resources limited partnerships are energy differentials, discount rates, price of natural gas per thousand cubic feet and price of oil per barrel. Significant increases (decreases) in the discount to energy differentials, discount rates and illiquidity discount in isolation would be expected to result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in the price of natural gas per thousand cubic feet and price of oil per barrel in isolation would be expected to result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. |
Investments in Affiliated Funds |
The fair value of investments in affiliated funds relates to consolidated feeder funds’ investments into their related master funds. The Company is not an investor of these feeder funds or master funds. The fair value of these investments is based on the consolidated feeder funds’ proportionate share of the respective master funds’ net asset value. These master funds invest primarily in credit-related strategies. |
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Information about Significant Inputs Used in Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level III |
The table below summarizes information about the significant unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value of the Level III assets and liabilities held by the consolidated funds. Level III investments not presented in the table below generally do not have any unobservable inputs to disclose, as they are valued primarily using broker quotes, invested capital for recent transactions or net asset value for investments in affiliated funds. These assets and liabilities belong to the investors in the consolidated funds and the Company has a minimal, if any, investment in such funds. |
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| | Fair Value at | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Type of Investment | | (in thousands) | | | Valuation Technique | | Unobservable Input | | Range | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate investments | | $ | 632,150 | | | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate | | | 9.5% - 30.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Cash flow growth rate | | | (19.8%) - 32.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Capitalization rate | | | 7.4% - 11.7% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Price per square foot | | | $53.29 - $750.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Absorption rate per year | | | 2.8% - 35.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Exit multiple | | | 6.1x | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Credit spread | | | 1225 bps | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | $ | 15,969 | | | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate | | | 11.0% - 21.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Credit spread | | | 675 - 1225 bps | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Energy and natural resources limited partnerships | | $ | 112,513 | | | Net asset value | | Illiquidity discount | | | 20.00% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 8,574 | | | Discounted cash flow | | Energy differentials | | | 10.00% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Discount rate | | | 15.00% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Price of natural gas per thousand cubic feet | | $ | 4.74 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Price of oil per barrel | | $ | 80 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common and preferred stock | | $ | 12,160 | | | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate | | | 22.00% | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Exit multiple | | | 5.2x | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Valuation Process for Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level III |
The Company has established an internal control infrastructure over the valuation of financial instruments that includes ongoing independent oversight by its Financial Controls Group and Valuation Committee, as well as periodic audits by the Company’s Internal Audit Group. These management control functions are segregated from the trading and investing functions. |
The Valuation Committee is responsible for developing valuation policies to help ensure that all of the funds’ investments reflect fair values, as well as providing oversight of the valuation process. These valuation policies and procedures include, but are not limited to the following: determining the pricing sources used to value specific investment classes; the selection of independent pricing services; the periodic review of due diligence materials of independent pricing services; and the fair value hierarchy coding of the funds’ investments. The Valuation Committee reviews a variety of reports on a monthly basis, which include, but are not limited to the following: summaries of the sources used to determine the value the funds’ investments; summaries of the fair value hierarchy of the funds’ investments; and variance reports that compare the values of investments to independent pricing services. The Valuation Committee is comprised of non-investment professionals, and may obtain input from investment professionals for consideration in carrying out its responsibilities. |
The Financial Controls Group is responsible for ensuring compliance with the valuation policies and preparing the monthly valuation reports reviewed by the Valuation Committee. The Financial Controls Group’s other responsibilities include, but are not limited to the following: preparation and distribution of daily profit and loss reports; overseeing the collection and evaluation of counterparty prices, broker-dealer quotations, exchange prices and third party pricing feeds; performing back testing by comparing prices observed in executed transactions to previous day valuations and/or pricing service providers on a weekly and monthly basis; preparing due diligence report reviews on independent pricing services on an annual or as needed basis; and assisting the Valuation Committee in developing valuation policies. |
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The Internal Audit Group employs a risk-based program of audit coverage that is designed to provide an independent assessment of the design and effectiveness of controls over the Company’s operations, regulatory compliance, valuation of financial instruments and reporting. Additionally, the Internal Audit Group meets with management periodically to evaluate and provide guidance on the existing risk framework and control environment assessments. |
Monthly procedures have been established for Level III investments to compare unobservable inputs to observable inputs for similar positions, review subsequent market activities, perform comparisons of actual versus projected cash flows, and discuss the valuation methodology, including pricing techniques when applicable, with investment professionals. Independent pricing services may be used to corroborate the Company’s internal valuations. Investment professionals and members of the Financial Controls Group review a daily profit and loss report, as well as other periodic reports that analyze the profit and loss and related asset class exposure of the funds’ investments. |
Fair Value of Delayed Draw Term Loan |
Management estimates that the fair value of the $385.1 million outstanding under the Company’s delayed draw term loan agreement entered into in November 2011 (the “Delayed Draw Term Loan”) was approximately 94% of its carrying value as of September 30, 2013, based on an analysis of comparable issuers. This fair value measurement would be categorized as Level III within the fair value hierarchy. |