Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies (Policies): | ' |
Crude Oil and Natural Gas Properties and Equipment | ' |
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a. Crude Oil and Natural Gas Properties and Equipment |
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The Company accounts for its crude oil and natural gas producing activities under the full-cost method of accounting. Accordingly, all costs incurred in the acquisition, exploration, and development of proved crude oil and natural gas properties, including the costs of abandoned properties, dry holes, geological and geophysical costs, and annual lease rentals, were capitalized. All general corporate costs were expensed as incurred. Sales or other dispositions of crude oil and natural gas properties were accounted for as adjustments to capitalized costs with no gain or loss recorded unless such sale would significantly alter the relationship between pool cost and reserves. |
Depletion and Depreciation | ' |
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b. Depletion and Depreciation |
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Depletion of crude oil and natural gas properties was computed under the unit-of-production method whereby the ratio of production to proved reserves, after royalties, determined the proportion of depletable costs to be expensed in each period. Costs associated with unevaluated properties were excluded from the full-cost pool until a determination was made whether proved reserves can be attributable to the related properties. Unevaluated properties were evaluated at least annually to determine whether the costs incurred should have been classified to the full-cost pool and thereby subject to amortization. Reserves were determined by an independent reserves engineering firm. Volumes were converted to equivalent units using the ratio of one barrel of oil to six thousand cubic feet of natural gas. A significant reduction in our proved reserves may result in an accelerated depletion rate. |
Depreciation of equipment was provided for on a straight-line basis over the useful life (5 to 10 years) of the asset. |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Policy | ' |
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c. Impairment of Long-lived Assets |
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The Company performed a full-cost ceiling test on proved crude oil and natural gas properties in which the capitalized costs were not allowed to exceed their related estimated future net revenues of proved reserves discounted at 10%, net of tax considerations. When calculating reserves, the Company conformed to SEC rules under “Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting” for pricing and used constant prices which were adopted by the SEC in December of 2008. |
Equipment was reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate such impairment may have occurred. Impairment was recognized when the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows of an asset were less than its carrying value. A significant reduction in our proved reserves have resulted in a full cost ceiling limitation. If an impairment occurred, the carrying value of the impaired asset was reduced to fair value. |
Revenue Recognition, Policy | ' |
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d. Revenue Recognition |
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Petroleum and natural gas sales were recognized as revenue when the commodities were delivered and title has passed to the purchasers and collection was reasonably assured. |
Joint Interest Activities | ' |
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e. Joint Interest Activities |
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Certain of the Company’s exploration, development and production activities were conducted jointly with other entities and accordingly the consolidated financial statements reflect only the Company’s proportionate interest in such activities. |
Asset Retirement Obligations, Policy | ' |
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f. Asset Retirement Obligations |
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The Company recognized a liability for the present value of all legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible, long-lived assets and capitalized an equal amount as a cost of the asset. The cost associated with the abandonment obligation was included in the computation of depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion. The liability accreted until the Company settles the obligation. The Company uses a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate in its calculation of asset retirement obligations (“ARO”). |
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Revisions to the original estimated liability would have resulted in an increase or decrease to the ARO liability and related capitalized costs. Actual costs incurred upon settlement of the asset retirement obligation were charged against the obligation to the extent of the liability recorded. |
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Estimates for future abandonment and reclamation costs were based on historical costs to abandon and reclaim similar sites, taking currents costs into consideration. The liability was based on the Company’s net interest in the respective sites. |
Crude Oil Inventory | ' |
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g. Crude Oil Inventory |
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Unsold crude oil production was carried in inventory at the lower of cost, generally applied on a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis, or net realizable value, and included costs incurred to bring the inventory to its existing condition. |
Use of Estimates, Policy | ' |
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h. Use of Estimates |
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In preparing financial statements, management makes informed judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. |
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The amounts recorded for the depletion and depreciation of property and equipment, the accretion expense associated with the asset retirement obligation and the cost recovery assessments for property and equipment were based on estimates of proved reserves, production and discount rates, oil and natural gas prices, future costs and other relevant assumptions. The amount recorded for the unrealized gain or loss on financial instruments was based on estimates of future commodity prices and volatility. The recognition of amounts in relation to stock-based compensation and the fair value of warrants required estimates related to valuation of stock options and warrants. Future taxes required estimates as to the realization of future tax assets and the timing of reversal of tax assets and liabilities. By their nature, those estimates were subject to measurement uncertainty and the effect on the consolidated financial statements from changes in such estimates in future years could have been significant. |
On an ongoing basis, management reviewed estimates, including those related to the impairment of long-lived assets, contingencies and income taxes. Changes in facts and circumstances may have resulted in revised estimates and actual results may have differed from those estimates. |
Income Tax, Policy | ' |
i. Income Taxes |
Deferred tax assets and liabilities were recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in enacted tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company does not believe there will be any material changes in its unrecognized tax positions over the next twelve months. The Company’s policy is that it recognizes interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company did not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits, nor was any tax-related interest expense recognized during 2013, 2012 or 2011. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy | ' |
j. Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents and therefore classifies them with cash. |
Commodity Derivative Instruments | ' |
k.Commodity Derivative Instruments |
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Derivative instruments were recognized as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet at fair value. The a ccounting for changes in the fair value of derivative instruments depends on their intended use and resulting hedge d esignation. For derivative instruments designated as hedges, the changes in fair value were recorded in the balance sheet as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments not designated as hedges were recorded as a gain or loss on derivative contracts in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company did not designate its derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments and, as a result, recognized the change in a derivative’s fair value currently in earnings. |
Fair Value Measurements, Policy | ' |
l.Fair Value Measurements |
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The Company categorizes its assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value, based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation techniques. The three levels of the fair value measurement hierarchy were as follows: |
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Level 1: | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that were accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. |
Level 2: | Quoted prices in markets that were not active, or inputs which were observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. |
Level 3: | Measured based on prices or valuation models that required inputs that were both significant to the fair value measurement and less observable for objective sources (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). |
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Financial assets and liabilities were classified based on the lowest level of input that was significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement required judgment, which may have affected the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. The Company considered active markets as those in which transactions for the assets or liabilities occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. For assets and liabilities carried at fair value the Company measured fair value under the following levels: |
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Stock-Based Compensation | ' |
m.Stock-Based Compensation |
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The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards, including employee stock options, based on estimated fair values. The value of the portion of the award that was ultimately expected to vest was recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite vesting period. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The Company uses the Black-Scholes Merton option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes Model”) as its method of valuation for share-based awards. The Company’s determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Model was affected by the Company’s stock price, as well as assumptions regarding a number of subjective variables. These variables included, but are not limited to, the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, as well as actual and projected exercise and forfeiture activity. The fair value |
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of options granted to consultants, to the extent unvested due to required services not having been fully performed, was determined on subsequent reporting dates. |
Foreign Currency Transactions | ' |
n.Foreign Currency Transactions |
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These consolidated financial statements are presented and measured in U.S. dollars, as substantially all of the Company’s operations are located in the United States of America. Transactions and balances using Canadian dollars are expressed in U.S. dollars whereby monetary assets and liabilities are expressed at the period end exchange rate, non-monetary assets and liabilities are expressed at historical exchange rates, and revenue and expenses are expressed at the average exchange rate for the period. Foreign exchange gains and losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Per Share Amounts | ' |
o.Per Share Amounts |
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Basic per share amounts were computed using the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the year. Diluted per share amounts reflected the potential dilution that could have occurred if stock options or warrants to purchase Common Shares were exercised for Common Shares. The treasury stock method of calculating diluted per share amounts was used whereby any proceeds from the exercise of stock options or warrants were assumed to be used to purchase Common Shares of the Company at the average market price during the year. |