Fair Value of Financial Instruments | 4. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company measures certain financial assets at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows: • Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. • Level 3 — Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities. The following table details the fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: September 30, 2023 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in thousands) Cash equivalents and investments: Money market funds $ 215,494 $ — $ — $ 215,494 Commercial paper — 21,845 — 21,845 Corporate bonds — 227,155 — 227,155 U.S. Government agency securities — 85,894 — 85,894 U.S. Treasury securities — 886,446 — 886,446 Restricted cash: Money market funds — 3,153 — 3,153 Total $ 215,494 $ 1,224,493 $ — $ 1,439,987 December 31, 2022 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in thousands) Cash equivalents and investments: Money market funds $ 11,518 $ — $ — $ 11,518 Commercial paper — 16,036 — 16,036 Corporate bonds — 261,918 — 261,918 U.S. Government agency securities — 39,965 — 39,965 U.S. Treasury securities — 876,534 — 876,534 Restricted cash: Money market funds — 3,153 — 3,153 Total $ 11,518 $ 1,197,606 $ — $ 1,209,124 The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The fair value of the Company’s investments in certain money market funds is their face value and such instruments are classified as Level 1 and are included in cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheets. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Level 2 securities were priced by pricing vendors. These pricing vendors utilize the most recent observable market information in pricing these securities or, if specific prices are not available for these securities, use other observable inputs like market transactions involving identical or comparable securities. As of September 30, 2023, the fair value of the 2025 Notes was $ 818.5 million . The fair value was determined based on the quoted price of the 2025 Notes in an inactive market on the last trading day of the reporting period and has been classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. For certain other financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other current liabilities, the carrying amounts approximate their fair value due to the relatively short maturity of these balances. Restricted cash is comprised of money market funds related to landlord guarantees for leased facilities. These restricted cash balances have been excluded from our cash and cash equivalents balance on our consolidated balance sheets. Strategic investments consist of non-controlling equity and debt investments in privately held companies. The Company elected the measurement alternative for these investments without readily determinable fair values and for which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence. These investments are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Under the cost method of accounting, the non-marketable equity securities are carried at cost less any impairment, plus or minus adjustments resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer, which is recorded within the statement of operations. The Company holds $ 52.9 million of strategic investments without readily determinable fair values at September 30, 2023 and $ 43.6 million of strategic investments without readily determinable fair values at December 31, 2022. These investments are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an acquisition of an entity in which the Company held a strategic investment was completed, which resulted in an observable price change. The Company adjusted the fair value of its investment and recognized a gain of $ 4.2 million reported in the consolidated statements of operations as other income. There were no other material adjustments to the carrying value of the strategic investments resulting from impairments or observable price changes in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The following tables summarize the composition of our short- and long-term investments at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. September 30, 2023 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Aggregate (in thousands) Commercial paper $ 12,892 $ — $ — $ 12,892 Corporate bonds 229,363 — ( 2,208 ) 227,155 U.S. Government agency securities 86,755 — ( 861 ) 85,894 U.S. Treasury securities 887,854 1 ( 1,409 ) 886,446 Total $ 1,216,864 $ 1 $ ( 4,478 ) $ 1,212,387 December 31, 2022 Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Aggregate (in thousands) Commercial paper $ 16,036 $ — $ — $ 16,036 Corporate bonds 265,875 9 ( 3,966 ) 261,918 U.S. Government agency securities 40,908 1 ( 944 ) 39,965 U.S. Treasury securities 881,428 14 ( 4,908 ) 876,534 Total $ 1,204,247 $ 24 $ ( 9,818 ) $ 1,194,453 For all of our securities for which the amortized cost basis was greater than the fair value at September 30, 2023, the Company has concluded that there is no plan to sell the security nor is it more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery. In making the determination as to whether the unrealized loss is other-than-temporary, the Company considered the length of time and extent the investment has been in an unrealized loss position, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuers, the issuers’ credit rating and the time to maturity. Contractual Maturities The contractual maturities of short-term and long-term investments held at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Amortized Aggregate Amortized Aggregate (in thousands) (in thousands) Due within one year $ 1,064,497 $ 1,061,526 $ 1,089,250 $ 1,081,662 Due after 1 year through 2 years 152,367 150,861 114,997 112,791 Total $ 1,216,864 $ 1,212,387 $ 1,204,247 $ 1,194,453 |