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Asset owners own direct (or, more typically, through holding entities, indirect) interests in actual real estate and related assets. Asset owners are typically private equity firms, private or public real estate investment trusts or companies, and individual investors whose primary business is to own real estate assets in various segments of the hospitality industry.
Brand owners/operators are owners, managers and/or franchisors of hotel brands. They typically manage the assets themselves for a fee, or franchise the assets to independent operators. Occasionally, like asset owners, brand owners own actual interests in the real estate and related assets.
Independent operators typically combine the operations of both asset owners and brand owners/operators. They are companies that manage diverse assets under different brands, which they typically franchise. In some cases, they also own direct or indirect interests in actual real estate and related assets.
The Hotel Industry in General
Hotel assets can be generally subdivided into one of the categories listed below and may be owned on a stand-alone basis or as part of regional, national or international chains:
Luxury/Resort. Hotels that offer the highest quality services, combined with luxury amenities, such as concierge service, high quality restaurants and resort facilities. These facilities typically charge the highest room rates.
Full Service. Hotels that offer quality services combined with full service amenities, such as meeting facilities, food and beverage outlets, pool and exercise rooms and which often include spa or recreation facilities.
Limited Service. Hotels that have limited service combined with quality rooms but have minimal meeting facilities (if any), have limited food and beverage outlets; may have a pool and exercise facilities.
Extended Stay. Hotels that have limited services combined with larger rooms and suites with kitchens, limited meeting facilities (if any), typically serve breakfast only and may have a pool and exercise facilities. These hotels are designed for guests staying on average 3 – 4 nights or more and are mini-apartments.
Budget Hotels/Motels. Hotels that offer no services, combined with small rooms and very few facilities, such as food and beverage facilities, pools, exercise facilities or meeting rooms. These facilities typically charge the lowest room rates.
In addition to the segments set forth above, we will evaluate hybrid opportunities including: condo/hotel conversions, timeshare units and fractional destination clubs, either alone or in tandem with a hotel.
We believe that hotels are generally considered a hedge against inflation because room rates can be adjusted on a daily basis. In most other types of real estate asset classes, leases are typically fixed: 1 – 2 years in duration for residential, 3 – 5 years for office, and 5 – 20 years for retail. According to the Hotel Research Group & PKF Consulting’s 2005 U.S. Lodging Industry Report, revenue growth in 2005 is expected to exceed 7.2%, to an average of approximately $44,000 per available room, a volume approximately equal to that last achieved in the year 2000. Accordingly, we believe that the hospitality industry is an attractive industry in which to make an acquisition and operate a target business.
Hospitality Amenities and Services
For the same reason that we believe the hotel, leisure and hospitality sectors in Asia represent attractive investment opportunities, we also believe there are prospective attractive acquisitions in the various hospitality amenity and related services sectors in Asia. These include, but are not limited to, those involving golf facilities, health clubs, spas and casinos, management services, reservation services, maintenance services, security services, food and beverage-related services and hospitality-related technology services.
As with the hotel industry, we believe there are other sectors that are related to hospitality amenities and services that may offer us opportunities to acquire a target business. Over the last five years, spas and spa resorts have grown considerably. In a recent study released by the International Spa Association, the U.S. spa industry generated an estimated $11.2 billion in revenue in 2003, up from $5 billion in 1999. Resort hotel spas accounted for 41% of 2003 total revenue, approximately $4.5 billion. The timeshare industry has also experienced dramatic growth. Resort Timesharing Worldwide has reported that the international timeshare
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industry reached $9.4 billion in sales in 2002 (up from $3.2 billion in 1990) with over 5,400 resorts in more than 100 countries, a growth rate of approximately 12% annually.
Government Regulation of the Hospitality Industry
Following a business combination, we may be subject to certain federal, state and local regulations which require us to obtain and/or maintain various licenses and permits which must be periodically renewed and may be revoked or suspended. Occupancy licenses must be obtained prior to the opening of any hotel and may require renewal if there has been a major renovation. Liquor licenses are required for hotels to be able to serve alcoholic beverages and are generally renewable annually. In addition, depending on the type of hospitality industry business we acquire, we may also be subject to labor laws and regulations of the jurisdiction in which its properties operate such as minimum wage requirements, regulations relating to working conditions, laws restricting the employment of illegal aliens, protection of the disabled and the protection of persons from discrimination. If the target business that we acquire provides any restaurant services, we would be subject to certain federal, state and local health laws and regulations. We may also be subject to environmental regulations under federal, state and local laws with respect to any properties we ultimately acquire.
We may acquire a target business in an industry related to hospitality such as the gaming industry. The gaming industry is highly regulated, and we would need to maintain licenses and pay gaming taxes to conduct such operations. Casinos are subject to extensive regulation under the laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdiction where they are located. These laws, rules and regulations generally concern the responsibility, financial stability and character of the owners, managers, and persons with financial interests in the gaming operations. Violations of laws in one jurisdiction could result in disciplinary action in other jurisdictions.
Financial Services
Asia is currently experiencing rapid construction and infrastructure expansion, and we believe that there are substantial opportunities to acquire a business providing financial services to the Asian economy. We believe opportunities in the financial services industry in Asia include:
| • | leasing and property finance companies; |
| • | insurance companies and insurance agencies; and |
Fund Management. Foreign fund management companies have only recently begun to enter the Asian market due to prior restrictions on market entry and scope of business. We believe that the Asian investment fund market is relatively small by international standards and in relation to the trillions of dollars of bank deposits and securities in Asia. In the first round of Sino-foreign pairing up, most of the Asia-based companies are participants in these fund/securities joint ventures, while many of the foreign counterparts are subsidiaries of major foreign investment banks that base their operations in Hong Kong.
We believe that potential acquisition targets may favor us over some other potential purchasers of their businesses, venture capital funds, leveraged buyout funds, operating businesses and other entities and individuals, both foreign and domestic, for the following reasons:
| • | We believe that potential acquisition targets may favor us over venture capital funds, leveraged buyout funds and other private equity funds because most of these funds have a finite life, which generally requires the fund to effect a liquidity event, such as a sale, refinancing or public offering, for portfolio companies in order to return capital to investors. Our capital structure does not require us to effect a liquidity event at any particular time. |
| • | We believe that potential acquisition targets may favor us over many large financial platforms, which may include, but are not limited to, banks, insurance companies or other holding companies, because we will not integrate the operations of our initial acquisition target into an existing environment and corporate culture with pre-existing methods of doing business, as is common with acquisitions by large financial platforms. |
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Banking. Under the terms of China’s World Trade Organization (WTO) accession in 2001, China continues to open up its banking sector, including the licensing of the first nine foreign-owned locally incorporated banks in December 2006, as reported by the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) (BEIJING, Dec. 24, 2006, Xinhua). According to the Hong Kong Trade Development Council, Hong Kong banks will enjoy an early entry advantage to mainland China for several reasons, including that Hong Kong is currently the second largest foreign bank group in the mainland, after Japan, and compared to mainland China banks, Hong Kong banks are more experienced in consumer lending, and possess local expertise.We therefore believe that Hong Kong banks are thus in an advantageous position to capture a significant share of the market.
Insurance. We believe that the fast growing China insurance market offers significant potential to foreign insurers because, according to a May 2007 report by PriceWaterhouseCoopers, market penetration by foreign companies in mainland China has been minimal to date. According to the Hong Kong Trade Development Council, Hong Kong is the area’s leading insurance center, and this will give Hong Kong an advantage as the mainland China insurance market is opened to foreign companies.
Securities. According to the Hong Kong Trade Development Council, the combined size of the Chinese mainland's two stock markets is now comparable with that of Hong Kong, and they expect the market to continue to expand rapidly in coming years, as China would like its capital markets to perform important fund-raising functions for enterprises instead of depending entirely on bank credit. The Hong Kong Trade Development Council reports that foreign financial institutions can now invest in domestic brokerages and fund management companies due to removal of some restrictions on market entry.
Our strategy is to acquire middle market business(es) and/or asset(s) that may have certain of the following characteristics:
| • | Growth and/or development opportunities; |
| • | Repositioning and/or rebranding opportunities; |
| • | Select balance sheet turnaround situations; and/or |
| • | Brand strength and expansion potential. |
Competitive Strengths
We intend to leverage the industry experience of our executive officers, directors and our special advisory board by focusing our efforts on identifying a prospective target business in the leisure and hospitality or financial services industries that is located in Asia or provides products and services to or invest in the Asian market. We believe that companies involved in these industries represent attractive acquisition targets for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to, a favorable economic environment due to continued economic growth in Asia through at least 2010, as reported in a May 2007 PriceWaterhouseCoopers survey of 40 banks doing business in Asia and, potentially attractive valuations due to capital markets in Asia being less developed than in the United States.
We believe, based solely on our management's collective business and regional experience, that there are numerous business opportunities in the Asian the leisure, hospitality and financial services industries because capital markets in many Asian countries are in general less developed than in the United States. However, neither we nor any of our agents, representatives or affiliates have conducted any research with respect to identifying the number and characteristics of the potential acquisition candidates within these industries or the likelihood or probability of success of any proposed business combination. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to locate a target business in such industries or that we will be able to engage in a business combination with a target business on favorable terms.
We believe that we possess several competitive strengths to source, evaluate and execute business combinations in our target industries because of our management’s personal and professional contacts and expertise. We believe that the background, operating histories and experience of our management team, board of directors and advisory board have equipped us not only to provide access to a broad spectrum of investment opportunities but also to improve upon the operational and financial performance of our target business. Our management team, board of directors and advisory board intend to contribute:
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Regional Expertise — Members of our management team, board of directors and board of advisors have participated in acquisitions, operations and disposals of businesses in our target region and industry sectors. We believe that we have extensive experience in managing public companies with Asia-based operations. In addition, we believe that Asian rules and regulations and Asian business customs may be unique to the region and require specialized knowledge that we possess.
Established Deal Sourcing Network — We believe management, the board of directors and advisory board’s current positions, experience in the target industries and network of industry contacts will assist in providing flow for a potential initial business acquisition. These contacts and sources include executives employed with, and consultants engaged by, public and private businesses in our target industries, investment bankers, attorneys, and accountants, among others, with knowledge of these industries. Members of our management have significant experience in dealing in Asia and the family of Angela Ho, our co-chief executive officer and chairman of the board, has extensive business operations in Asia, particularly in the hotel, casino and transportation industries, and have been operating successfully for the past 46 years. We also believe that such persons have unique political affiliations in the region which we believe enhance our opportunities.
Innovation, Strategic Planning and Business Development Experience — In a highly competitive marketplace, management believes that businesses that consistently outperform their peers frequently attribute that success to their ability to serve their customers in new and creative ways. At the executive level, the management team has participated in strategic planning and business development for the various companies with which the team has been involved.
Financial Acumen, Corporate Finance and Transactional Expertise — We believe, given our management, board of directors and advisory board’s transactional experience and network of contacts within both the target industries and financial community, our team has the ability to identify, source, negotiate,structure, and close strategic investments of various types, including business combinations, “add-on” acquisitions, joint ventures, and other strategic arrangements.
Government Regulations
Government regulations relating to foreign exchange controls
The principal regulation governing foreign exchange in China is the Foreign Currency Administration Rules (IPPS), as amended. Under these rules, the Renminbi, China’s currency, is freely convertible for trade and service related foreign exchange transactions, but not for direct investment, loan or investment in securities outside of China unless the prior governmental approval is obtained. Foreign-Invested Enterprises, or FIEs, are required to apply to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, for “Foreign Exchange Registration Certificates for FIEs.” Following a business combination, we will likely be an FIE as a result of our ownership structure. With such registration certificates, which need to be renewed annually, FIEs are allowed to open foreign currency accounts including a “basic account” and “capital account.” Currency translation within the scope of the “basic account,” such as remittance of foreign currencies for payment of dividends, can be effected without requiring the approval of the SAFE. However, conversion of currency in the “capital account,” including capital items such as direct investment, loans and securities, still require approval of the SAFE. This prior approval may delay or impair our ability to operate following a business combination.
Government regulations relating to taxation
According to the PRC income Tax Law of Foreign Investment Enterprises and Foreign Enterprises and the Implementation Rules for the Income Tax Law, the standard Enterprise Income Tax, or EIT, rate of FIEs is 33%, reduced or exempted in some cases under any applicable laws or regulations. Income such as dividends and profits derived from the PRC by a foreign enterprise which has no establishment in the PRC is subject to a 20% withholding tax, unless reduced or exempted by any applicable laws or regulations. The profit derived by a foreign investor from a FIE is currently exempted from EIT. However, if this exemption were to be removed in the future, we might be required to deduct certain amounts from dividends we may pay to our shareholders following a business combination to pay corporate withholding taxes.
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Regulation of Foreign Currency Exchange and Dividend Distribution Foreign Currency Exchange.
Foreign currency exchange in China is governed by a series of regulations, including the Foreign Currency Administrative Rules (1996), as amended, and the Administrative Regulations Regarding Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), as amended. Under these regulations, the Renminbi is freely convertible for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for direct investment, loans or investments in securities outside China without the prior approval of the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE. Pursuant to the Administrative Regulations Regarding Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange, foreign-invested enterprises in China may purchase foreign exchange without the approval of SAFE for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions by providing commercial documents evidencing these transactions. They may also retain foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by SAFE, to satisfy foreign exchange liabilities or to pay dividends. However, the relevant Chinese government authorities may limit or eliminate the ability of foreign-invested enterprises to purchase and retain foreign currencies in the future. In addition, foreign exchange transactions for direct investment, loan and investment in securities outside China are still subject to limitations and require approvals from SAFE.
Regulation of Mergers and Acquisitions
The 2006 Acquisition Provisions revised the Tentative Provisions on Acquisition of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors enacted by MOFCOM, SAT, SAIC and SAFE on March 7, 2003 which became effective on April 12, 2003, or the 2003 Acquisition Provisions.
As with the 2003 Acquisition Provisions, the 2006 Acquisition Provisions require Chinese regulatory approvals for mergers with or acquisitions of the equity ownership or assets of Chinese domestic companies. Additionally, the 2006 Acquisition Provisions deprive companies incorporated or controlled overseas that are established by Chinese domestic companies, enterprises or natural persons and are merging with or acquiring Chinese domestic affiliated companies of the tax preferential treatments granted to FIEs, unless the overseas companies will bring a certain amount of additional capital to the Chinese company. The 2006 Acquisition Provisions also create new layers of Chinese regulatory approvals affecting offshore “special purpose companies” set up by Chinese domestic companies, enterprises or natural persons, and the in-bound investment made by such “special purpose companies”. The 2006 Acquisition Provisions require that the parties to a merger or acquisition shall disclose to the PRC approval authority and elaborate on whether the parties are affiliates; if there are two parties who belong to the same actual controlling party, the parties concerned must disclose the actual controlling party to the PRC approval authority and explain the purpose of the merger or acquisition and whether the price agreed conforms to fair market value.
The 2006 Acquisition Provisions define a “special purpose company” as “a foreign company directly or indirectly controlled by Chinese domestic companies or natural persons for the purpose of listing in an overseas market the equity interests in a Chinese domestic company actually held by them.” This definition is slightly different from that in Decree No. 75 of 2005.
A Chinese domestic company that is to set up a special purpose company overseas must obtain approval from MOFCOM and disclose to MOFCOM certain information including the business plan with regard to the listing of the special purpose company in the overseas market and the appraisal report issued by a consultant with regard to the stock offering price for any future listing of the special purpose company on an overseas market. The overseas listing of the special purpose company is subject to the approval of CSRC. Additionally, the financing of the special purpose company from its overseas listing must be repatriated to China according to the repatriation plan filed with SAFE. The profits, dividends and foreign exchange income obtained as a result of capital variation, which are received by the Chinese domestic companies or natural persons from their special purpose companies, must be repatriated to China within six months from the day on which they are received.
With regard to the tax treatments granted to FIEs established by Chinese domestic companies, enterprises or natural persons by way of merger with or acquisition of Chinese domestic affiliated companies in the name of their companies duly incorporated or controlled overseas, the 2006 Acquisition Provisions explicitly state that such FIEs are not eligible for the preferential treatments granted by the PRC government to FIEs, unless
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such overseas companies subscribe to the capital increase of the target Chinese domestic companies or contribute additional capital to the post-acquisition Chinese domestic company and the amount of the capital subscribed or contributed accounts for 25% or more of the post-acquisition registered capital of the Chinese company.
The 2006 Acquisition Provisions require that if the merger or acquisition of a Chinese domestic company by foreign investors and their obtaining controlling rights (i) involves key industries, (ii) has any factor that impacts or may impact the economic security of China, or (iii) leads to a shift of controlling rights over a Chinese domestic company that possesses “famous brands” or “traditional Chinese trade names”, then the parties concerned shall file an application in respect of such issues with MOFCOM. The 2006 Acquisition Provisions emphasize that mergers with or acquisitions of Chinese domestic companies by foreign investors must not result in a loss on the sale of state-owned assets and if the merger or acquisition involves such matters as the transfer of state-owned property rights in companies or management of state-owned equity rights in listed companies the relevant provisions regarding the administration of State-owned assets must be complied with (see below).
Regulation on State-owned Property Rights
The acquisition of a PRC state-owned company is subject to stringent governmental regulation. The governing legislation is theProvisional Regulations on Using Foreign Investment to Reorganize State-owned Enterprisespromulgated by SAIC and SAFE on November 8, 2002, effective from January 1, 2003 and theProvisional Measures on the Administration of the Transfer of State-Owned Property Rights in Enterprisespromulgated by the SASAC and the MOF on December 31, 2003, effective from February 1, 2004.
As a matter of principle, the transfer of state-owned property rights in enterprises must take place through a government approved “state-owned asset exchange”, and the value of the transferred property rights must be evaluated by those Chinese appraisal firms qualified to do “state-owned assets evaluation”. The final price must not be less than 90% of the appraisal price. Additionally, bidding/auction procedures are essential in the event that there is more than one potential transferee.
In the case of an acquisition by foreign investors of state-owned enterprises, the acquirer and the seller must make a resettlement plan to properly resettle the employees, and the resettlement plan must be approved by the Employees’ Representative Congress. The seller must pay all unpaid wages and social welfare payments from the existing assets of the target company to the employees.
Regulation of Foreign Exchange in Certain Onshore and Offshore Transactions
Pursuant to recent regulations issued by the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, PRC residents are required to register with and receive approvals from SAFE in connection with offshore investment activities. SAFE has stated that the purpose of these regulations is to ensure the proper balance of foreign exchange and the standardization of the cross-border flow of funds.
On January 24, 2005, SAFE issued a regulation stating that SAFE approval is required for any sale or transfer by the PRC residents of a PRC company’s assets or equity interests to foreign entities in exchange for the equity interests or assets of the foreign entities. The regulation also states that, when registering with the foreign exchange authorities, a PRC company acquired by an offshore company must clarify whether the offshore company is controlled or owned by PRC residents and whether there is any share or asset link between or among the parties to the acquisition transaction.
On April 8, 2005, SAFE issued another regulation further explaining and expanding upon the January regulation. The April regulation clarified that, where a PRC company is acquired by an offshore company in which PRC residents directly or indirectly hold shares, such PRC residents must (i) register with the local SAFE regarding their respective ownership interests in the offshore company, even if the transaction occurred prior to the January regulation, and (ii) file amendments to such registration concerning any material events of the offshore company, such as changes in share capital and share transfers. The April regulation also expanded the statutory definition of the term “foreign acquisition”, making the regulations applicable to any transaction that results in PRC residents directly or indirectly holding shares in the offshore company that has an ownership interest in a PRC company. The April regulation also provides that failure to comply with the registration
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procedures set forth therein may result in the imposition of restrictions on the PRC company’s foreign exchange activities and its ability to distribute profits to its offshore parent company.
On October 21, 2005, SAFE issued the Notice on Issues Relating to the Administration of Foreign Exchange in Fund-raising and Reverse Investment Activities of Domestic Residents Conducted via Offshore Special Purpose Companies, or Notice 75, which became effective as of November 1, 2005. Notice 75 replaced the two rules issued by SAFE in January and April 2005 mentioned above.
According to Notice 75:
| • | prior to establishing or assuming control of an offshore company for the purpose of financing that offshore company with assets or equity interests in an onshore enterprise in the PRC, each PRC resident, whether a natural or legal person, must complete the overseas investment foreign exchange registration procedures with the relevant local SAFE branch; |
| • | an amendment to the registration with the local SAFE branch is required to be filed by any PRC resident that directly or indirectly holds interests in that offshore company upon either (1) the injection of equity interests or assets of an onshore enterprise to the offshore company, or (2) the completion of any overseas fund raising by such offshore company; and |
| • | an amendment to the registration with the local SAFE branch is also required to be filed by such PRC resident when there is any material change involving a change in the capital of the offshore company, such as (1) an increase or decrease in its capital, (2) a transfer or swap of shares, (3) a division, (4) a long term equity or debt investment, or (5) the creation of any security interests over the relevant assets located in China. |
Under the relevant rules, failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth in Notice 75 may result in restrictions being imposed on the foreign exchange activities of the relevant onshore company, including the payment of dividends and other distributions to its offshore parent or affiliate and the capital inflow from the offshore entity, and may also subject relevant PRC residents to penalties under PRC foreign exchange administration regulations.
As a Cayman Islands company, and therefore a foreign entity, if we purchase the assets or equity interest of a PRC company owned by PRC residents, such PRC residents will be subject to the registration procedures described in the regulations as currently drafted. Moreover, PRC residents who are beneficial holders of our shares are required to register with SAFE in connection with their investment in us.
As a result of the lack of implementing rules, other uncertainties concerning how the existing SAFE regulations will be interpreted or implemented, and uncertainty as to when the new regulations will take effect, we cannot predict how they will affect our business operations following a business combination. For example, our ability to conduct foreign exchange activities following a business combination, such as remittance of dividends and foreign-currency-denominated borrowings, may be subject to compliance with the SAFE registration requirements by such PRC residents, over whom we have no control. In addition, we cannot assure you that such PRC residents will be able to complete the necessary approval and registration procedures required by the SAFE regulations. We will require all our shareholders, following a business combination, who are PRC residents to comply with any SAFE registration requirements, although we have no control over either our shareholders or the outcome of such registration procedures. Such uncertainties may restrict our ability to implement our acquisition strategy and adversely affect our business and prospects following a business combination.
Regulation of wholly-owned foreign enterprises (WOFE)
Generally speaking, under the current Chinese legal regime regulating foreign direct investment in China, the following forms of FIEs are available to foreign investors:
| • | Sino-foreign equity joint ventures (“EJV”); |
| • | Sino-foreign co-operative joint ventures (“CJV”); and |
| • | Wholly foreign-owned enterprises (“WFOE”). |
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A WFOE is a company with limited liability and legal person status. There are only foreign investors and no Chinese partners. Unlike an EJV or CJV, articles of association are sufficient to establish a WFOE, and there is no need to draw up a joint venture contract even if there are two or more foreign investors in the WFOE. Like an EJV or CJV, the articles of association must be approved by the Chinese government.
Foreign investors may prefer WFOEs to EJVs/CJVs because in the case of a WFOE (1) there is a straightforward management structure which is not dependent on the interests of a local partner; (2) it is easy to terminate compared to an EJV or CJV; and (3) intellectual property is usually better protected. Without a local partner, the foreign investor lacks local support and proper access to resources (such as connections with governmental authorities) and access to the markets of China’s unique economy.
While it is an issue under Chinese law whether WFOEs are allowed in certain Chinese industries, foreign investors are allowed to incorporate WFOEs in certain industries.
Dividend distribution
The principal laws and regulations in China governing distribution of dividends by foreign-invested companies include:
| • | The Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Law (1979), as amended; |
| • | The Regulations for the Implementation of the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Law (1983), as amended; |
| • | The Sino-foreign Cooperative Enterprise Law (1988), as amended; |
| • | The Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Sino-foreign Cooperative Enterprise Law (1995), as amended; |
| • | The Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (1986), as amended; and |
| • | The Regulations of Implementation of the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (1990), as amended. |
Under these regulations, foreign-invested enterprises in China may pay dividends only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. In addition, wholly foreign-owned enterprises in China are required to set aside at least 10% of their respective accumulated profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds unless such reserve funds have reached 50% of their respective registered capital. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.
Effecting a business combination
General
We are not presently engaged in, and we will not engage in, any substantive commercial business for an indefinite period of time following this offering. We intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, our capital stock, debt or a combination of these in effecting a business combination. Although substantially all of the net proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants are intended to be generally applied toward effecting a business combination as described in this prospectus, the proceeds are not otherwise being designated for any more specific purposes. Accordingly, prospective investors will invest in us without an opportunity to evaluate the specific merits or risks of any one or more business combinations. A business combination may involve the acquisition of a company which does not need substantial additional capital but which desires to establish a public trading market for its shares, while avoiding what it may deem to be adverse consequences of undertaking a public offering itself. These include time delays, significant expense, loss of voting control and compliance with various federal and state securities laws. In the alternative, we may seek to consummate a business combination with a company that may be financially unstable or in its early stages of development or growth.
We have not identified a target business
To date, we have not selected any target business on which to concentrate our search for a business combination. None of our officers, directors, advisors, promoters or other affiliates have had any preliminary contact or discussions on our behalf with representatives of any prospective target business regarding the
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possibility of a potential capital stock exchange, asset acquisition or other similar business combination with us. Neither we nor any of our agents or affiliates has yet taken any measure, directly or indirectly, to locate a target business. Finally, we note that there has been no diligence, discussions, negotiations and/or other similar activities undertaken, directly or indirectly, by us, our affiliates or representatives, or by any third party, with respect to a business combination transaction with us.
Sources of target businesses
We anticipate target business candidates will be brought to our attention from various unaffiliated sources, including investment bankers, attorneys, accountants, venture capital funds, private equity funds, leveraged buyout funds, management buyout funds, brokers and consultants and other members of the financial community, who may present solicited or unsolicited proposals. We expect such sources to become aware that we are seeking a business combination candidate by a variety of means, such as publicly available information relating to this offering, public relations and marketing efforts, articles that may be published in industry trade papers discussing our intent on making acquisitions, and/or direct contact by management to be commenced following the completion of this offering. Our existing shareholders, officers and directors as well as their affiliates may also bring to our attention target business candidates. While our officers and directors make no commitment as to the amount of time they will spend trying to identify or investigate potential target businesses, they believe that the various relationships they have developed over their careers together with their direct inquiry of their contacts will generate a number of potential target businesses that will warrant further investigation. While we do not presently anticipate engaging the services of professional firms that specialize in business acquisitions on any formal basis, we may engage these firms in the future, in which event we may pay a finder’s fee or other compensation. The terms of any such arrangements will be negotiated with such persons on arm’s length basis and disclosed to our shareholders in the proxy materials we provide in connection with any proposed business combination. In no event, however, will we pay any of our existing officers, directors, advisors or shareholders or any entity with which they are affiliated any finder’s fee or other compensation for services rendered to us prior to or in connection with the consummation of a business combination. We will not enter into any business combination with any affiliates of our Sponsor, initial shareholders, advisors, officers or directors. In addition, none of our officers, directors, advisors, or existing shareholders or our Sponsor will receive any finder’s fee, consulting fees or any similar fees or other compensation from any other person or entity in connection with any business combination other than any compensation or fees to be received for any services provided following such business combination. Although we are not under any contractual obligation to engage any of the underwriters to provide any services for us after this offering, and have no present intent to do so, any of the underwriters may, among other things, introduce us to potential target businesses or assist us in raising additional capital, as needs may arise in the future. If any of the underwriters provide services to us after this offering, we may pay such underwriter fair and reasonable fees that would be determined at that time in arm’s length negotiations.
Regulation
Following a business combination, we may be subject to certain Chinese rules and regulations which require us to obtain and/or maintain various licenses and permits which must be periodically renewed and may be revoked or suspended. Occupancy licenses must be obtained prior to the opening of any hotel and may require renewal if there has been a major renovation. Liquor licenses are required for hotels to be able to serve alcoholic beverages and are generally renewable annually. In addition, if we acquire a hospitality industry business, we may also be subject to certain federal and state labor laws and regulations such as minimum wage requirements and regulations relating to working conditions. If the target business that we acquire provides any restaurant services, we would be subject to certain health laws and regulations. We may also be subject to environmental regulations with respect to any properties we may acquire.
We may acquire a target business in an industry related to hospitality such as the gaming industry. The gaming industry is highly regulated, and we would need to maintain licenses and pay gaming taxes to conduct such operations. Casinos are subject to extensive regulation under the laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdiction where they are located. These laws, rules and regulations generally concern the responsibility, financial stability and character of the owners, managers, and persons with financial interests in the gaming operations. Violations of laws in one jurisdiction could result in disciplinary action in other jurisdictions.
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Selection of a target business and structuring of a business combination
Subject to the requirement that our initial business combination must be with a target business with a fair market value that is at least 80% of the amount in our trust account (less deferred underwriting compensation of $3,000,000, or $3,450,000 if the over-allotment is exercised in full) at the time of such acquisition, our management will have virtually unrestricted flexibility in identifying and selecting a prospective target business. We anticipate structuring a business combination to acquire 100% of the equity interests of the target business. We may, however, structure a business combination to acquire less than 100% of such interests of the target business but we do not intend to acquire less than a controlling interest (which would be at least 50.1% of the voting securities of the target business). If we acquire only a controlling interest in a target business or businesses, the portion of such business that we acquire must have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the amount in our trust account at the time of such acquisition. The fair market value of the target will be determined by our board of directors based upon one or more standards generally accepted by the financial community (examples of which may include actual and potential sales, earnings and cash flow and book value). If our board is not able to independently determine that the target business has a sufficient fair market value, we will obtain an opinion from an unaffiliated, independent investment banking firm with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria. Since any opinion, if obtained, would merely state that fair market value meets the 80% of net assets threshold, it is not anticipated that copies of such opinion would be distributed to our shareholders, although copies will be provided to shareholders upon request. We will not be required to obtain an opinion from an investment banking firm as to the fair market value if our board of directors independently determines that the target business complies with the 80% threshold.
In addition, if more than 20% but not more than 34.99% of the shares owned by our public shareholders vote against a proposed business combination and exercise their redemption rights, we will still be required to utilize 80% of the initial $100 million amount placed in our trust account for the business combination. In the event that such redemption leaves us with an insufficient amount of funds to consummate a proposed business combination then, we may issue a significant amount of our debt or equity securities to the sellers of such businesses and/or seek to raise additional funds through a private offering of debt or equity securities. Since we have no specific business combination under consideration, we have not entered into any such fund raising arrangement (other than the 5,725,000 insider warrants for an aggregate of $5,725,000) and have no current intention of doing so. This could limit our selection of a target business and/or the structure of the acquisition.
In evaluating a prospective target business, our management will consider, among other factors, the following:
| • | financial condition and results of operation; |
| • | experience and skill of management; |
| • | the value and extent of intellectual content; |
| • | stage of development of the products, processes or services; |
| • | degree of current or potential market acceptance of the products, processes or services; |
| • | proprietary features and degree of protection of the products, processes or services; |
| • | adaptability of products or services to new forms of communication; |
| • | regulatory environment of the industry; and |
| • | costs associated with effecting the business combination. |
These criteria are not intended to be exhaustive. Any evaluation relating to the merits of a particular business combination will be based, to the extent relevant, on the above factors as well as other considerations
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deemed relevant by our management in effecting a business combination consistent with our business objective. In evaluating a prospective target business, we will conduct an extensive due diligence review which will encompass, among other things, meetings with incumbent management, where applicable, and inspection of facilities, as well as review of financial and other information which will be made available to us.
In seeking a business combination, we intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, as well as our capital stock or debt, or a combination of cash, capital stock and debt, and there is no limit on the issuance of capital stock or incurrence of debt we may undertake in effecting a business combination. In the event a business combination is consummated, all sums remaining in the trust account will be released to us immediately thereafter, and there will be no restriction on our use of such funds.
We will endeavor to structure a business combination so as to achieve the most favorable tax treatment to us, the target business and both companies’ shareholders. We cannot assure you, however, that the Internal Revenue Service, appropriate state tax authorities or Chinese or other Asian tax authorities, as applicable, will agree with our tax treatment of the business combination.
The time and costs required to select and evaluate a target business and to structure and complete the business combination cannot presently be ascertained with any degree of certainty. Any costs incurred with respect to the identification and evaluation of a prospective target business with which a business combination is not ultimately completed will result in a loss to us and reduce the amount of capital available to otherwise complete a business combination. While we may pay fees or compensation to third parties for their efforts in introducing us to a potential target business, in no event, however, will we pay any of our existing officers, directors, advisors, or shareholders or any entity with which they are affiliated any finder’s fee or other compensation for services rendered to us prior to or in connection with the consummation of a business combination, other than the $7,500 payable monthly in the aggregate to our Sponsor, for office space and certain general and administrative services. In addition, none of our officers, directors, special advisors or existing shareholders will receive any finder’s fee, consulting fees or any similar fees from any other person or entity in connection with any business combination involving us other than any compensation or fees that may be received for any services provided following such business combination.
Fair Market Value of Target Business
The initial target business that we acquire must have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the amount in our trust account (less deferred underwriting compensation of $3,000,000 or $3,450,000 if the over-allotment is exercised in full) at the time of such acquisition. There is no limitation on our ability to raise funds privately or through loans that would allow us to acquire a target business or businesses with a fair market value in an amount considerably greater than 80% of the amount in our trust account (less deferred underwriting compensation of $3,000,000 or $3,450,000 if the over-allotment is exercised in full) at the time of acquisition. We have not had any preliminary discussions, or made any agreements or arrangements, with respect to financing arrangements with any third party. The fair market value of such business will be determined by our board of directors based upon standards generally accepted by the financial community, such as actual and potential sales, earnings and cash flow and book value, and the price for which comparable businesses have recently been sold. If our board is not able to independently determine that the target business has a sufficient fair market value, we will obtain an opinion from an unaffiliated, independent investment banking firm which is a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria. Since any opinion, if obtained, would merely state that fair market value meets the 80% of the amount in our trust account (less deferred underwriting compensation of $3,000,000 or $3,450,000 if the over-allotment is exercised in full) threshold, it is not anticipated that copies of such opinion would be distributed to our shareholders, although copies will be provided to shareholders who request it. We will not be required to obtain an opinion from an investment banking firm as to the fair market value of a proposed business combination if our board of directors independently determines that the target business has sufficient fair market value.
Probable lack of business diversification
While we may seek to effect business combinations with more than one target business, our initial business combination must be with a target business or target businesses which satisfy the minimum valuation
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standard at the time of such acquisition, as discussed above. Consequently, it is probable that we will have the ability to effect only a single business combination, although this may entail the simultaneous acquisition of several compatible operating businesses or assets. Unlike other entities which may have the resources to complete several business combinations of entities operating in multiple industries or multiple areas of a single industry, it is probable that we will not have the resources to diversify our operations or benefit from the possible spreading of risks or offsetting of losses. By consummating a business combination with only a limited number of entities, our lack of diversification may:
| • | leave us solely dependent upon the performance of a single business; and |
| • | result in our dependency upon the development or market acceptance of a single or limited number of products or services. |
Additionally, since our business combination may entail the simultaneous acquisitions of several assets or operating businesses at the same time and may be with different sellers, we will need to convince such sellers to agree that the purchase of their assets or closely related businesses is contingent upon the simultaneous closings of the other acquisitions.
Limited ability to evaluate the target business’s management
Although we expect most of our management and other key personnel to remain associated with us following a business combination, they may be involved in different capacities than at present, and we may employ other personnel following the business combination. Although we intend to closely scrutinize such individuals, we cannot assure you that our assessment will prove to be correct. In addition, we cannot assure you that new members that join our management following a business combination will have the necessary skills, qualifications or abilities to help manage a public company.
Opportunity for shareholder approval of business combination
Prior to the completion of a business combination, we will submit the transaction to our shareholders for approval, even if the nature of the acquisition is such as would not ordinarily require shareholder approval under applicable Cayman Islands’ Law. In connection with seeking shareholder approval of a business combination, we will furnish our shareholders with proxy solicitation materials prepared in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which, among other matters, will include a description of the operations of the target business and certain required financial information regarding the business.
In connection with the vote required for any business combination, all of our existing shareholders, including all of our officers and directors, have agreed to vote their respective ordinary shares owned by them immediately prior to this offering in accordance with the majority of the ordinary shares voted by the public shareholders. Existing shareholders who purchase ordinary shares in connection with, in this offering or after this offering have agreed to vote such shares in favor of any proposed business combination. We will proceed with the business combination only if a majority of the ordinary shares cast at the meeting are voted in favor of the business combination, and public shareholders owning 34.99% or less of the shares sold in this offering exercise their redemption rights, each in accordance with the instructions set forth in the proxy materials to be mailed to our shareholders (as further discussed below); provided, however, that as part of the negotiations toward a business combination, our board of directors may, in the exercise of their business judgment, agree to a percentage less than 34.99% (but not more than 35%). This would be done in order to preserve cash in the trust account in order to facilitate a particular business combination, and may result in us having a redemption rate lower than 34.99% as part of the agreement to consummate such a business combination. Voting against the business combination alone will not result in redemption of a shareholder’s shares into a pro rata share of the trust account. Such shareholder must have also exercised its redemption rights described below.
Redemption rights
At the time we seek shareholder approval of any business combination, we will offer each public shareholder (other than existing shareholders) the right to have such shareholder’s ordinary shares redeemed for cash if the shareholder votes against the business combination and the business combination is approved and completed, each in accordance with the instructions set forth in the proxy materials to be mailed to our shareholders. Additionally, we may require public shareholders to tender their certificates to our transfer agent prior
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to the meeting or to deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically using Depository Trust Company’s DWAC (Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian) System. The proxy solicitation materials that we will furnish to shareholders in connection with the vote for any proposed business combination will indicate whether we are requiring shareholders to satisfy such certification and delivery requirements. Traditionally, in order to perfect redemption rights in connection with a business combination, a holder could simply vote no against a proposed business combination and check a box on the proxy card indicating such holder was seeking to redeem. After the business combination was approved, we would contact such shareholder to arrange for him to deliver his certificate to verify ownership. As a result, the shareholder then had an “option window” after the consummation of the business combination during which he could monitor the price of the stock in the market. If the price rose above the redemption price, he could sell his shares in the open market before actually delivering his shares to the company for cancellation. Thus, the redemption right, to which shareholders were aware they needed to commit before the shareholder meeting, would become a “put” right surviving past the consummation of the business combination until the converting holder delivered his certificate. The requirement for physical or electronic delivery prior to the meeting ensures that a redeeming holder’s election to redeem is irrevocable once the business combination is approved. There is a nominal cost associated with the above-referenced tendering process and the act of certificating the shares or delivering them through the DWAC system. The transfer agent will typically charge the tendering broker $35 and it would be up to the broker whether or not to pass this cost on to the converting holder. However, this fee would be incurred regardless of whether or not we require holders seeking to exercise redemption rights to tender their shares prior to the meeting — the need to deliver shares is a requirement of redemption regardless of the timing of when such delivery must be effectuated. Accordingly, this would not result in any increased cost to shareholders when compared to the traditional process. Furthermore, if a shareholder delivered his certificate for redemption and subsequently decided prior to the meeting not to elect redemption, he may simply request that the transfer agent return the certificate (physically or electronically).
The actual per-share redemption price will be equal to $10.00. Interest will be payable to public shareholders redeeming in connection with a business combination, pro rata, net of amounts previously released to us and taxes payable. An eligible shareholder may request redemption at any time after the mailing to our shareholders of the proxy statement and prior to the vote taken with respect to a proposed business combination at a meeting held for that purpose, but the request will not be granted unless the shareholder votes against the business combination and the business combination is approved and completed. Any request for redemption, once made, may be withdrawn at any time up to the date of the meeting. It is anticipated that the funds to be distributed to shareholders entitled to redeem their shares who elect redemption will be distributed promptly after completion of a business combination. Public shareholders who redeem their stock into their share of the trust account still have the right to exercise the warrants that they received as part of the units. We will not complete any business combination if public shareholders, owning more than 34.99% of the shares sold in this offering, exercise their redemption rights provided, however, that as part of the negotiations toward a business combination, our board of directors may, in the exercise of their business judgment, agree to a percentage less than 34.99% (but not more than 35%). This 34.99% redemption requirement which we have established is different than that of a traditional blank check offering, which generally will proceed with an acquisition of a target business if both shareholders owning a majority of the outstanding shares vote in favor of the business combination and no more than20% of the public shareholders exercise their redemption rights. We have increased the redemption percentage from 20% to 34.99% in order to reduce the likelihood that a small group of investors holding a block of our stock will be able to stop us from completing a business combination that may otherwise approved by a large majority of our public shareholders. Accordingly, the 34.99% redemption requirement which we have established is a lower threshold and will make it easier for us to proceed with a proposed business combination than what is customary in a traditional blank check offering. Even if 34.99% or less of the shareholders, as described above, exercise their redemption rights, we may be unable to consummate a business combination if such redemption leaves us with funds less than a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the amount in our trust account (excluding any funds held for the benefit of any of the underwriters) at the time of such acquisition, which amount is required for our initial business combination. In the event that such redemption leaves us with an insufficient amount of funds to
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consummate a proposed business combination then, we may be forced to either find additional financing to consummate such business combination, consummate a different business combination or dissolve, liquidate and wind up.
Investors who choose to remain as shareholders and do not exercise their redemption rights will have assumed the entire cost of the offering, including the underwriters’ discount (but not including the deferred compensation owed to Maxim Group LLC). The additional cost per share allocable to such remaining shareholders would be $0 if none of the shares sold in the offering are redeemed, and approximately $0. per share if the maximum number of shares which may be redeemed are redeemed.
Automatic dissolution and liquidation if no business combination
If we do not complete a business combination within 18 months after the consummation of this offering, or within 24 months if the extension criteria described below have been satisfied, we will dissolve and promptly return and liquidate all funds from our trust account only to our public shareholders as part of our dissolution and liquidation in proportion to their respective equity interests, an aggregate sum equal to the amount in the trust account, inclusive of any interest not previously released to us less the amount of taxes paid, if any, on interest earned.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that we will continue in existence only until eighteen months from the consummation of this offering or until twenty-four months if a letter of intent, an agreement in principle, or a definitive agreement to complete a business combination has been entered into. If we have not completed a business combination by such date and amended this provision in connection thereto, our corporate existence will cease except for the purposes of winding up our affairs and liquidating. At this time, we will become subject to a voluntary liquidation procedure under the Companies Law (2004 Revision) of the Cayman Islands (the “Companies Law”). Our liquidator would give at least 21 days’ notice to creditors of his intention to make a distribution by notifying known creditors (if any) who have not submitted claims and by placing a public advertisement in the Cayman Islands Official Gazette, although in practice this notice requirement need not necessarily delay the distribution of assets if the liquidator is satisfied that no creditors would be adversely affected as a consequence of a distribution before this time period has expired. We anticipate the trust account should be liquidated shortly following expiration of the 21 day period. As soon as the affairs of the company are fully wound-up, the liquidator must lay his final report and accounts before a final general meeting which must be called by a public notice at least one month before it takes place. After the final meeting, the liquidator must make a return to the registrar confirming the date on which the meeting was held and three months after the date of such filing the company is dissolved.
Pursuant to the terms of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, our powers following the expiration of the permitted time periods for consummating a business combination will automatically thereafter be limited to acts and activities relating to dissolving and winding up our affairs, including liquidation. The funds held in our trust account may not be distributed except upon our dissolution, and the funds held in our trust account will not be released until then.
In effecting our dissolution and liquidation, we will liquidate our trust account to our public shareholders. Concurrently, we shall pay, or reserve for payment, from interest released to us from the trust account if available, our liabilities and obligations. Our existing shareholders have waived their rights to participate in any liquidation of our trust account or other assets with respect to ordinary shares owned by them prior to this offering (including any insider warrants or shares they or their designees have acquired). In addition, Maxim Group LLC has agreed to waive their rights to the $3,000,000 ($3,450,000 if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full) of deferred underwriting compensation deposited in the trust account for their benefit. There will be no liquidation amounts in connection with a dissolution with respect to our warrants, which will expire worthless.
If we are unable to consummate a business combination and expend all of the net proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, other than the proceeds deposited in the trust account, and without taking into account interest, if any, earned on the trust account, the initial per-share liquidation price to holders of the 10,000,000 shares (11,500,000 if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full) entitled to participate in the liquidation of our trust account would be equal to the $10.00 per unit offering price plus
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interest net of taxes. The proceeds deposited in the trust account could, however, become subject to the claims of our creditors which could be prior to the claims of our public shareholders.
Although we will seek to have all vendors, prospective target businesses or other entities we engage execute agreements with us waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the trust account for the benefit of our public shareholders, there is no guarantee that they will execute such agreements or even if they execute such agreements that they would be prevented from bringing claims against the trust account including but not limited to fraudulent inducement, breach of fiduciary responsibility or other similar claims, as well as claims challenging the enforceability of the waiver, in each case in order to gain an advantage with a claim against our assets, including the funds held in the trust account. If any third party refused to execute an agreement waiving such claims to the monies held in the trust account, we would perform an analysis of the alternatives available to us if we chose not to engage such third party and evaluate if such engagement would be in the best interest of our shareholders if such third party refused to waive such claims.
Examples of possible instances where we may engage a third party that refused to execute a waiver include the engagement of a third party consultant whose particular expertise or skills are believed by management to be significantly superior to those of other consultants that would agree to execute a waiver or in cases where management is unable to find a provider of required services willing to provide the waiver.
Ho Capital Management LLC, our Sponsor, has agreed to indemnify us and make up for any shortfall in the trust account, and Noble Investment Fund Limited, through our Sponsor, one of our principal shareholders, has agreed to guaranty our Sponsor’s indemnification obligations. However, none of our executive officers or directors have agreed to be personally liable or make up for any shortfall in the trust account. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the actual per-share liquidation price will not be less than $10.00, plus interest (net of taxes payable), due to claims of creditors.
Additionally, if we are forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against us which is not dismissed, the funds held in our trust account will be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in our bankruptcy estate and subject to claims of third parties with priority over the claims of our public shareholders. To the extent bankruptcy claims deplete the trust account, we cannot assure you we will be able to return to our public shareholders the liquidation amounts due them.
Our public shareholders will be entitled to receive funds from the trust account only in the event of our liquidation or if they seek to redeem their respective shares for cash upon a business combination which the shareholder voted against and which is completed by us. In no other circumstances will a shareholder have any right or interest of any kind to or in the trust account.
We expect that all costs associated with the implementation and completion of our dissolution and liquidation as well as funds for payments to creditors, if any, will be funded by the interest earned on the trust account released to us, although we cannot give you assurances that there will be sufficient funds for such purposes.
Pursuant to the terms of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, our powers following the expiration of the permitted time periods for consummating a business combination will automatically thereafter be limited to acts and activities relating to dissolving and winding up our affairs, including liquidation. The funds held in our trust account may not be distributed except upon our dissolution and, until then, the funds held in our trust account will not be released.
Competition for Target Businesses
In identifying, evaluating and selecting a target business, we may encounter intense competition from other entities having a business objective similar to ours. Many of these entities are well established and have extensive experience identifying and effecting business combinations directly or through affiliates. Many of these competitors possess greater technical, human and other resources than us and our financial resources will be relatively limited when contrasted with those of many of these competitors. While we believe there are numerous potential target businesses that we could acquire with the net proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, our ability to compete in acquiring certain sizable target businesses will be limited by
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our available financial resources. This inherent competitive limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of a target business. Further:
| • | our obligation to seek shareholder approval of a business combination or obtain the necessary financial information to be included in the proxy statement to be sent to shareholders in connection with such business combination may delay or prevent the completion of a transaction; |
| • | our obligation to redeem for cash ordinary shares held by our public shareholders in certain instances may reduce the resources available to us for a business combination; |
| • | our outstanding warrants and options, and the future dilution they potentially represent, may not be viewed favorably by certain target businesses; and |
| • | the requirement to acquire assets or an operating business that has a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the amount in our trust account (less deferred underwriting compensation of $3,000,000, or $3,450,000 if the over-allotment is exercised in full) at the time of the acquisition could require us to acquire several assets or closely related operating businesses at the same time, all of which sales would be contingent on the closings of the other sales, which could make it more difficult to consummate the business combination. |
Additionally, we face competition from other blank-check companies which have formed recently, a number of which may consummate a business combination in any industry they choose. We may therefore be subject to competition from these companies, which are seeking to consummate a business plan similar to ours and which will, as a result, increase demand for privately-held companies to combine with companies structured similarly to ours. Further, it may be the case that there are only a limited number of attractive target businesses available to such entities or that many privately-held target businesses may not be inclined to enter into business combinations with publicly held blank check companies like us.
Any of these factors may place us at a competitive disadvantage in negotiating and completing a business combination. Our management believes, however, that to the extent that our target business is a privately held entity, our status as a well-financed public entity and the substantial industry experience of our officers, directors, and board of advisors may give us a competitive advantage over entities having a similar business objective as ours in acquiring a target business with significant growth potential on favorable terms.
If we succeed in effecting a business combination, there will be, in all likelihood, intense competition from competitors of the target business. We cannot assure you that, subsequent to a business combination. we will have the resources or ability to compete effectively.
Facilities
Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is c/o M & C Corporate Services Limited, P.O. Box 309GT, Ugland House, South Church Street, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Following completion of this offering and pending consummation of a business combination or dissolution, we intend to lease other administrative office space in Florida or New York City. The cost for such space is included in the $7,500 per-month of our expenses for general and administrative services which will be paid to Ho Capital Management LLC, our Sponsor. We consider our current office space adequate for our current operations.
Employees
We have five officers, four of whom are also members of our board of directors. These individuals are not obligated to contribute any specific number of hours per week and intend to devote only as much time as they deem necessary to our affairs. The amount of time they will devote in any time period will vary based on the availability of suitable target businesses to investigate. We do not intend to have any full time employees prior to the consummation of a business combination.
Periodic Reporting and Audited Financial Statements
We have registered our units, ordinary shares and warrants under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and have reporting obligations, including the requirement that we file annual and quarterly reports with the SEC. In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, our annual reports will contain financial statements audited and reported on by our independent accountants.
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We will not acquire a target business if audited financial statements based on United States generally accepted accounting principles cannot be obtained for the target business. Additionally, our management will provide shareholders with audited financial statements, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, of the prospective target business as part of the proxy solicitation materials sent to shareholders to assist them in assessing the target business. Our management believes that the requirement of having available audited financial statements for the target business will not materially limit the pool of potential target businesses available for acquisition.
We will be required to comply with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. A target company may not be in compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regarding adequacy of its internal controls. The development of the internal controls of any such entity to achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act may increase the time and costs necessary to complete any such acquisition.
Legal Proceedings
To the knowledge of management, there is no litigation currently pending or contemplated against us or any of our officers or directors in their capacity as such.
Comparison to Offerings of Blank Check Companies
The following table compares and contrasts the terms of our offering and the terms of an offering of blank check companies under Rule 419 promulgated by the SEC assuming that the gross proceeds, underwriting discounts and underwriting expenses for the Rule 419 offering are the same as this offering and that the underwriters will not exercise their over-allotment option. None of the terms of a Rule 419 offering will apply to this offering.
| | | | |
| | Terms of Our Offering | | Terms Under a Rule 419 Offering |
Escrow of offering proceeds | | $100,000,000 of the net offering proceeds and the insider warrants proceeds (including up to $3,000,000 payable to Maxim Group upon consummation of a business combination) will be deposited into a trust account at Deutsche Bank maintained by American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, and $50,000 will be held outside of the trust account, leaving us with $97,000,000 with which to consummate the business combination. | | $80,000,000 of the offering proceeds would be required to be deposited into either an escrow account with an insured depositary institution or in a separate bank account established by a broker-dealer in which the broker/dealer acts as trustee for persons having the beneficial interests in the account. |
Investment of net proceeds | | The $100,000,000 of net offering proceeds and the insider warrants proceeds held in trust will be invested only in United States “government securities,” defined as any Treasury Bills issued by the United States having a maturity of 180 days or less, or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940. | | Proceeds could be invested only in specified securities such as a money market fund meeting conditions of the Investment Company Act of 1940 or in securities that are direct obligations of (or obligations guaranteed as to principal or interest by) the United States. |
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| | | | |
| | Terms of Our Offering | | Terms Under a Rule 419 Offering |
Limitation of fair value or net assets of target business | | The initial target business that we acquire must have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the amount in our trust account (less deferred underwriting compensation of $3,000,000, or $3,450,000 if the over-allotment is exercised in full) at the time of such acquisition. | | We would be restricted from acquiring a target business unless the fair value of such business or net assets to be acquired represent at least 80% of the maximum offering proceeds. |
Trading of securities issued | | The units shall commence trading on or promptly after the date of this prospectus. The ordinary shares and warrants comprising the units shall begin to trade separately on the 90th day after the date of this prospectus unless Maxim Group LLC informs us of its decision to allow earlier separate trading, provided (i) we have filed with the SEC a Current Report on Form 8-K, which includes an audited balance sheet reflecting our receipt of the proceeds of this offering and the insider warrants, including any proceeds we receive from the exercise of the over-allotment option, if such option is exercised on the date of this prospectus, (ii) we file a Current Report on Form 8-K and issue a press release announcing when such separate trading will begin, and (iii) the date on which such separate trading begins is a business day following the earlier to occur of the expiration of the underwriters’ over-allotment option or its exercise in full. Maxim Group LLC may decide to allow continued trading of the units following such separation. | | No trading of the units or the underlying ordinary shares and warrants would be permitted until the completion of a business combination. During this period, the securities would be held in the escrow or trust account. |
Exercise of the warrants | | The warrants cannot be exercised until the later of the completion of a business combination or one year from the date of this prospectus and, accordingly, will only be exercised after the trust account has been terminated and distributed. | | The warrants could be exercised prior to the completion of a business combination, but securities received and cash paid in connection with the exercise would be deposited in the escrow or trust account. |
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| | | | |
| | Terms of Our Offering | | Terms Under a Rule 419 Offering |
Election to remain an investor | | We will give our shareholders the opportunity to vote on the business combination. In connection with seeking shareholder approval, we will send each shareholder a proxy statement containing information required by the SEC. A shareholder following the procedures described in this prospectus is given the right to redeem his or her shares for $10.00 per share. However, a shareholder who does not follow these procedures or a shareholder who does not take any action would not be entitled to the return of any funds. Interest will be payable to public shareholders redeeming in connection with a business combination, pro rata, net of amounts previously released to us and taxes payable. | | A prospectus containing information required by the SEC would be sent to each investor. Each investor would be given the opportunity to notify the company, in writing, within a period of no less than 20 business days and no more than 45 business days from the effective date of the post-effective amendment, to decide whether he or she elects to remain a shareholder of the company or require the return of his or her investment. If the company has not received the notification by the end of the 45th business day, funds and interest or dividends, if any, held in the trust or escrow account would automatically be returned to the shareholder. Unless a sufficient number of investors elect to remain investors, all of the deposited funds in the escrow account must be returned to all investors and none of the securities will be issued. |
Business combination deadline | | A business combination must occur within 18 months after the consummation of this offering or within 24 months after the consummation of this offering if a letter of intent or definitive agreement relating to a prospective business combination was entered into prior to the end of the 18-month period. If a business combination does not occur within these time frames our purpose and powers will be limited to dissolving, liquidating and winding up. | | If an acquisition has not been consummated within 18 months after the effective date of the initial registration statement, funds held in the trust or escrow account would be returned to investors. |
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| | | | |
| | Terms of Our Offering | | Terms Under a Rule 419 Offering |
Interest earned on the funds in the trust account | | Interest earned on the trust account in excess of the dollar amount necessary to allow for a $10.00 per share liquidation distribution, subject to any valid claims by our creditors which are not covered by amounts in the trust account or indemnities provided by our Sponsor, to our public shareholders will be released to us to fund our working capital requirements, with such amount to be released for working capital purposes limited to an aggregate of $2,000,000. In addition, interest earned may be disbursed for the purposes of paying taxes on interest earned. Shareholders who redeem in connection with a business combination will be entitled to receive their pro rata interest on the $10.00 per share, net of: (i) up to $2,000,000 that may be released to us for working capital purposes, and (ii) taxes payable, held in trust for their benefit; upon the automatic dissolution and liquidation our shareholders shall be entitled to a portion of the interest earned on funds held in trust, if any, not previously released to us to fund our working capital requirements or costs associated with our dissolution and liquidation if we do not consummate a business combination, net of taxes payable on such funds held in trust. | | All interest earned on the funds in the trust account will be held in trust for the benefit of public shareholders until the earlier of the completion of a business combination and our liquidation upon failure to effect a business combination within the allotted time. |
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MANAGEMENT
Directors and Executive Officers
Our current directors and executive officers are listed below. None of such persons are, or have been, involved in any blank-check companies.
| | | | |
Name | | Age | | Position |
Angela Ho | | 53 | | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors |
Dr. Gary T. Hirst | | 54 | | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Stuart A. Sundlun | | 53 | | President and Director |
Michael Hlavsa | | 53 | | Chief Financial Officer and Director |
Andrew Tse | | 54 | | Vice President |
Peter Kjaer | | 45 | | Director |
Arie Jan van Roon | | 67 | | Director |
Angela Ho has served as our Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors since our inception in March 2007. From 2002 to the present, Ms. Ho has managed real property portfolios, including for Dragonballz Trust and Sponge Bob Trust, which are each engaged in the business of real estate, for investors in Macau and the United States. From 1996 to 2006, Ms. Ho has also been active in managing various family businesses controlled by her father, Dr. Stanley Ho, including Jet Asia Ltd., HoGaming.com and drho888.com, which are engaged in the business of aviation, computer software and Asian gaming operations, respectively. From 1981 to the present, Ms. Ho has also been active in several aspects of the fine art business. From 1980 to 1987, she worked as a sculptress exhibiting in a number of major galleries and museums, and was employed at Sotheby’s Fine Arts Department, New York. In 1980, she became a lead investor in the Tony Shafrazi Gallery. From 1996 to 1999, she established and managed her own gallery when she founded the Ho Gallery, a gallery of contemporary art in New York. The gallery was instrumental in pioneering the contemporary Chinese art market in New York and introducing contemporary Chinese artists to North America. In 1997, she founded the Center of Contemporary Art in Macau, a private museum dedicated to the dialogue between contemporary artists in Asia and the West. From 1996 to 2003, Ms. Ho served as a member of the board of directors of BioSante, a pharmaceutical company listed on the American Stock Exchange. From 1996 to 2001, she managed Successway Holdings Limited, a technology venture capital fund on behalf of her father, Dr. Stanley Ho. From 1999 to 2004, she served on the board of directors of the School of American Ballet. She was educated in private academies in Hong Kong, Switzerland and London and earned her Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Boston University in 1979.
Dr. Gary T. Hirst has been our Co-Chief Executive Officer and a director since our inception. Dr. Hirst has been responsible for the development and investment management of both offshore and domestic hedge funds, including global macro funds, funds-of-funds, currency funds, and a number of structured investment products, including for principal protected notes issued by Zurich Capital Markets and Rabobank which invested in diversified global portfolios of hedge funds. From 1991 to 2006, Dr. Hirst was Chairman and Chief Investment Officer of Hirst Investment Management. In his roles with Hirst Investment Management, Dr. Hirst managed over $600 million in assets on behalf of multi-national banks, pension plans, insurance companies, foundations and endowments, public companies, family offices and high net worth investors. Under his leadership, the firm established itself as a developer of innovative financial products and services, with a focus on maximizing the risk-adjusted return on its clients' investments. From 1976 to 1991, Dr. Hirst was Investment Manager for the Hirst Family Office where he managed allocation and trading for all investment portfolios of the Hirst family and its associates. These investments included traditional asset portfolios, real estate, and a range of alternate investment strategies including hedge funds, private equity, futures trading and physical commodities. From 2003 to 2005, Dr. Hirst was a director of Alpine Select A.G., a publicly traded (Swiss Exchange) investment company based in Zug, Switzerland.
Stuart A. Sundlun has served as our President and a director since our inception in March 2007. From 1998 to the present, Mr. Sundlun has been a managing director of Global Emerging Markets, a New York City based investment fund that acquires and invests in both public and privately owned businesses. From 1998 to the present, Mr. Sundlun has been actively involved in structuring and negotiating equity investments in emerging growth companies including Digital River, Inc., Star Scientific, Inc and Intercontinental Fuels, LLC.
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From 2001 to the present, Mr. Sundlun has been an advisor to Triago SA, a Paris based leading placement agent for private equity funds. From 1994 to the present, Mr. Sundlun has structured a variety of private equity investments in Russia including South Oil Corporation, which is developing an oil field in Astrakhan, Russia and Helios Petroleum Holdings, which intends to own and operate oil refineries in Russia and elsewhere. Mr. Sundlun serves on the boards of both companies. From 2005 to the present, Mr. Sundlun has also served on the Board and investment committee of the Dignity Fund LLC, which makes loans to microfinance institutions. From 1986 to 1994, Mr. Sundlun was a Managing Director of Grosvenor Equities, Inc. and participated in the raising of equity for a variety of private companies including early stage venture capital, growth stage and leveraged management buyouts. From 1982 to 1985, he was an associate in the Corporate Finance department of Lehman Brothers and advised a variety of medium and large corporations on financial strategies and financing. Mr. Sundlun received his BA degree cum laude 1975 (government) from Harvard University, and his MBA (finance) from Columbia Graduate School of Business in 1982.
Michael Hlavsahas been our Chief Financial Officer and a director since our inception. Mr. Hlavsa is an experienced executive that has over 30 years of combined financial and operational experience. He is both a Certified Public Accountant and a Certified Internal Auditor. He has spent over 18 years working in the United States casino industry. From 2004 to the present, he has been the founder and principal owner of Signature Gaming Management LLC, a consulting firm specializing in advising emerging companies engaged in gaming operations. In 2005, he served as Chief Executive Officer for Titan Cruise Lines, a casino business which operated a 2,000 passenger ship and high speed shuttles. From 2001 to 2004, Mr. Hlavsa was the Chief Executive Officer for SunCruz Casinos, the largest day cruise gaming company in the United States. From 1997 to 2000, Mr. Hlavsa was Managing Partner at Casino Princesa in Miami, Florida where he was responsible for the development and operation of a large mega-yacht gaming vessel. From 1993 to 1997, he served as Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Midwest region, for Lady Luck Gaming Corporation, a publicly traded company. While at Lady Luck, he participated in that company’s initial public offering of equity and a $185 million debt financing. From 1991 to 1993, Mr. Hlavsa was the Vice President of Finance and Administration for the Sands Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. His first 12 years of gaming experience was in Atlantic City, New Jersey in various audit and finance positions with well-established gaming companies such as Caesars, Tropicana and Trump Plaza. He received a bachelor of science degree from Canisius College in Buffalo, New York in 1975.
Andrew Tse has served as our Vice President since our inception. From 1981 to 2006, Mr. Tse was associated with a number of businesses located in China (Hong Kong and Macau) that are owed or controlled by Dr. Stanley Ho, the father of our chairman and co-chief executive officer, Angela Ho, including Shun Tak Holdings Ltd., Heli Express Ltd. and Hong Kong Express Airways Ltd. which are engaged in the business of sea transport, helicopter transport and scheduled airline services, respectively. From 1981 to 2006, Mr. Tse was an executive director, and from 1989 to 1996 served as the chief financial officer and a member of the board of directors of, Shun Tak Holdings Limited. Shun Tak Holdings Limited is a leading Hong Kong-based conglomerate established in 1972 and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange since 1973 with core businesses in transportation, casino investment and operations and property investments. During his tenure with Shun Tak, Mr. Tse was instrumental in listing the company on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and was instrumental in negotiating and financing many of Shun Tak’s acquisitions and business expansion initiatives. From 1989 to 2003, Mr. Tse served as executive director of Air Hong Kong Ltd., a dedicated cargo airline based in Hong Kong offering scheduled service to Europe and the United States. Mr. Tse was instrumental in the sale of Air Hong Kong to Cathay Pacific Airways in 2003. From 1997 to 2006, Mr. Tse also served as chief executive officer of Heli Express Limited, a helicopter airline operating between Hong Kong and Macau, with more than 50 daily flights. From 1997 to the present, Mr. Tse has served as the founder and chief executive officer of Hong Kong Express Airways Limited, a new regional airline that commenced operation in 2005 and provides scheduled Boeing 737 and Embraer E170 service between Hong Kong and secondary cities in Mainland China and Taiwan. A 1977 graduate of McMaster University in Canada, Mr. Tse also received an MBA from McMaster University in 1978.
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Peter Kjaer has served as a director since our inception. From 1995 to the present, Mr. Kjaer has been associated with a variety of businessess controlled or financed by Dr. Stanley Ho, including Jet Asia, Macau Business Aviation Center and Ho Gaming.com which are engaged in the business of providing corporate air charter, fixed based operation and Internet gaming services, respectively. In 1992, he co-founded, with Angela Ho, the Ho Gallery, one of the leading contemporary art galleries in Asia. In 1996, in partnership with STDM, an affiliate of Stanley Ho, Mr. Kjaer founded Jet Asia Ltd., a business aviation charter company located in Hong Kong and served as its president and chief executive officer until 2003. From 1999 to the present, Mr. Kjaer has been a member of the board of directors and a member of the audit and finance committee of BioSante Inc., a pharmaceutical company listed on the American Stock Exchange and from 2004 to the present, has served as the chief executive officer of Ho Gaming Ltd., a software company that has developed webcasting software, including applications for online entertainment focused on the Asian gaming market. A student of Sinology for four years at the University of Copenhagen, Mr. Kjaer speaks, reads and writes Chinese and studied modern economic reform in Shanghai in 1985.
Arie Jan van Roon has served as a director since our inception. From January 2000 to the present, he has served as the managing partner of TransTax LLP, a Swiss-based private wealth management firm. The firm provides financial advisory services to high net worth investors and family offices principally within the European Union. In January 2007, he established Pure Glow Finance Limited of which he is the Managing Director as well as the sole shareholder, with the same activities as TransTax LLP and also the beneficial owner and investment advisor of Noble Investment Fund Limited, one of our principal shareholders. Prior to founding this firm, from 1984 to 2000, Mr. van Roon established van Roon Partners, Ltd., a private equity and advisory firm with an emphasis on investment in distressed, turn around and special situations with a geographic focus on Europe and across a wide range of industries. In addition to investment management experience, during this period he also developed operational experience in his capacity as acting interim CEO for investee companies in the consumer goods, airline and service industries including Girmi spa, an Italian industrial firm, Intair GMBH, an airline handling company based in Germany, and Aerolloyd, a German airline. In 1990, Mr. van Roon entered into a joint venture arrangement with US-based Quantum Development Corporation, a boutique venture capital firm specializing in early stage high tech and pharmaceutical companies. In connection with this activity, from January 2000 to May 2000 he acted as interim CEO of Alyn Corporation, a NASDAQ quoted innovative materials firm. Mr van Roon has never been employed by any of the above companies and has always acted as a consultant or owner. Mr. van Roon is a Dutch citizen who lives in Lugano, Switzerland and in Milan, Italy. He obtained a doctoral degree (Drs) from Erasmus Rotterdam University in 1971, where his thesis centered on Bayesian Statistics.
Our board of directors is currently divided into two classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of two years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares eligible to vote for the election of directors can elect all of the directors.
These individuals will play a key role in identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, selecting the target business and structuring, negotiating and consummating its acquisition. None of these individuals has been a principal of or affiliated with a public company or blank check company that executed a business plan similar to our business plan and none of these individuals is currently affiliated with such an entity. However, we believe the skills and expertise of these individuals, their collective access to acquisition opportunities and ideas, their contacts, and their transaction expertise with public and private companies should enable them to identify and effect an acquisition although we cannot assure you that they will, in fact, be able to do so.
In addition, for a period of no less than two years after the date of the prospectus, we have agreed to engage a designee of Maxim Group LLC as an advisor to our board of directors, where such advisor shall attend meetings of the board, receive all notices and other correspondence and communications sent by us to members of our board of directors. In addition, such advisor shall be entitled to receive, as his/her sole compensation, reimbursement for all costs incurred in attending such meetings.
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Board of Advisors
In addition to our executive officers and directors, the following individuals have agreed since our inception to serve as members of our board of advisors. It is anticipated that our board of advisors will provide professional advice and assistance to our board of directors in evaluating and structuring potential business combination opportunities. No member of our board of advisors has received any cash compensation for services rendered. No compensation of any kind, including finder’s and consulting fees, will be paid to any of our advisors for services rendered prior to or in connection with a business combination. However, these individuals will be reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf such as providing professional advice and assistance in identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. There is no limit on the amount of these out-of-pocket expenses and there will be no review of the reasonableness of the expenses by anyone other than our board of directors, which includes persons who may seek reimbursement, or a court of competent jurisdiction if such reimbursement is challenged.
Adam Hart. Mr. Hart is head of business development at KBC Peel Hunt, an investment bank based in London, focusing on small and mid-cap companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. He joined KBC Peel Hunt in 1993 from Lloyds Merchant Bank, the investment banking subsidiary of Lloyds Bank PLC (now Lloyds TSB PLC). Mr. Hart is primarily responsible for relations with KBC Peel Hunt’s 140 small and mid-cap clients which operate in a diverse range of sectors and which are traded on both The Official List of the London Stock Exchange and on its alternative investment market, or AIM. He has been involved in a lead advisory role across a range of corporate finance transactions such as IPOs, mergers and acquisitions and secondary fundraisings as well as private equity financings. Mr. Hart is Chairman of the London Stock Exchange’s AIM Advisory Group which is made up of external practitioners who advise the Exchange on all matters affecting the operation and regulation of AIM, a member of the AIM Disciplinary Panel and is a past member of the Corporate Finance Technical Committee of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. Mr. Hart has a bachelor’s degree in law and became qualified as a chartered accountant with Touche Ross & Co. (now Deloitte & Touche LLP).
Rory Knight. Dr. Rory Knight is Chairman of the Oxford Metrica group, an independent strategic advisor that provides research-based intelligence on all aspects of financial performance. Dr. Knight has extensive experience in working and consulting in the financial and corporate sectors. For five years, he was Dean of Templeton College, University of Oxford (Oxford University’s business college), where he was responsible for Templeton’s overall strategy and direction. Dr. Knight is Dean Emeritus at Templeton and Fellow in Finance. He has been published widely on investments in the Financial Times and other journals. While Dean at Oxford he co-authored Financial Performance (Butterworth-Heinemann) and devised the Value Creation Quotient (VCQTM) a key financial performance metric. Previously a Deputy Director in the Swiss National Bank (SNB), Dr. Knight’s role included providing policy advice on international financial matters. He is currently on the Board of Advisors of the John Templeton Foundation, which was established by Sir John Templeton.
James Tagliaferri is the controlling shareholder of Taurus Advisory Group Inc., Taurus Advisory Group LLC of Stamford, Connecticut and TAG Virgin Islands Inc. of St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Taurus is an asset management firm founded in 1983 by Mr. Tagliaferri that provides asset management services on a discretionary basis principally to high net worth individuals, as well as certain non-discretionary asset management. Mr. Tagliaferri manages fixed income and equity portfolios, including various strategies tailored for individual client objectives. Taurus is also an investor in private placements and corporate finance transactions, including leading the negotiation and structuring of equity and debt instruments from public and private issuers. Mr. Tagliaferri has been in the investment business since 1967, having previously been an asset manager at Julius Baer Group, and Lionel Edie & Company, the investment management division of Manufacturers Hanover Trust, which was merged into Chase Bank. Taurus is a Certified Financial Analyst and a registered investment advisor with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisors Act of 1940.
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Director Independence
At present, we have only one director who qualifies as independent under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and we have no directors who would qualify as “independent” for purposes of compliance with the American Stock Exchange requirements applicable to U.S. companies.
Pursuant to the listing requirements of the American Stock Exchange, because we are a non-U.S. based company, we need only comply with Cayman Islands regulations with respect to corporate governance. Unlike the listing requirements applicable to U.S. companies listing on the American Stock Exchange, Cayman Islands law does not require independent directors or an independent audit committee. However, under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to have an independent audit committee although one member of the audit committee may be an affiliate of our company as long as that member does not receive any compensation from us other than fees for services as an independent director. Prior to completion of a business combination, we intend to be in full compliance with the standards imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Board Committees
Our board of directors intends to establish an audit committee, a nominating committee and a compensation committee. At that time our board of directors intends to adopt charters for these committees.
Upon completion of this offering, our audit committee will consist of Messrs. Kjaer (chairman) and Hlavsa. Each member of our audit committee is financially literate under the current listing standards of the American Stock Exchange, and our board of directors has determined that Mr. Hlavsa qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined by SEC and the American Stock Exchange rules.
The audit committee will review the professional services and independence of our independent registered public accounting firm and our accounts, procedures and internal control. The audit committee will also select our independent registered public accounting firm, review and approve the scope of the annual audit, review with the independent public accounting firm our annual audit and annual consolidated financial statements, review with management the status of internal accounting control, evaluate problem areas having a potential financial impact on us that may be brought to the committee’s attention by management, the independent registered public accounting firm or the board of directors, and evaluate all of our public financial reporting documents.
Upon completion of this offering, our nominating committee will consist of Angela Ho, Dr. Gary Hirst, Stuart Sundlun and Michael Hlvasa, with Ms. Ho serving as chairman of the nominating committee. The nominating committee is responsible for selecting, researching and nominating directors for election by our shareholders, selecting nominees to fill vacancies on the board or a committee of the board, developing and recommending to the board a set of corporate governance principles and overseeing the evaluation of the board and our management.
Upon completion of this offering, our compensation committee will consist of Messrs. Stuart Sundlun and Dr. Gary T. Hirst. Once we have completed a business combination, our board of directors has determined that all members of the compensation committee qualify as independent directors under the American Stock Exchange independence standards. The principal function of the compensation committee is to review the compensation payable to our officers and directors.
The composition of our audit committee, our nominating committee and our compensation committee may change when we complete a business combination. However, the names and business experience of any new or additional members of such audit committee will be included in the proxy statement submitted to our public shareholders in connection with their approval of such business combination.
Code of Conduct and Ethics
We have adopted a code of conduct and ethics applicable to our directors, officers and employees in compliance with applicable federal securities laws and the rules of the American Stock Exchange.
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Executive Compensation
No executive officer has received any cash compensation for services rendered. No compensation of any kind, including finder’s and consulting fees, will be paid to any of our existing shareholders, including our officers and directors and our Sponsor or any of their respective affiliates, for services rendered prior to or in connection with a business combination. However, these individuals will be reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. There is no limit on the amount of these out-of-pocket expenses and there will be no review of the reasonableness of the expenses by anyone other than our board of directors, which includes persons who may seek reimbursement, or a court of competent jurisdiction if such reimbursement is challenged.
Commencing on the effective date of this prospectus through the acquisition of a target business, we will pay monthly fees of $7,500 for general and administrative services, including office space, utilities and secretarial support, to Ho Capital Management LLC, an affiliate of Angela Ho, our co-chief executive officer and chairman.
Upon completion of a business combination or our liquidation, we will no longer be required to pay these monthly fees. Other than this $7,500 per-month fee, no compensation of any kind, including finder's and consulting fees, will be paid to any of our existing shareholders, including our directors, or any of their respective affiliates for services rendered prior to or in connection with a business combination. However, our existing shareholders will be reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. Such individuals may be paid consulting, management or other fees from target businesses as a result of the business combination, with any and all amounts being fully disclosed to shareholders, to the extent then known, in the proxy solicitation materials furnished to the shareholders. There is no limit on the amount of these out-of-pocket expenses and there will be no review of the reasonableness of the expenses by anyone other than our board of directors, which includes persons who may seek reimbursement, or a court of competent jurisdiction if such reimbursement is challenged.
Conflicts of Interest
Potential investors should be aware of the following potential conflicts of interest:
None of our officers and directors are required to commit their full time to our affairs and, accordingly, they may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time among various business activities.
In the course of their other business activities, our officers and directors may become aware of investment and business opportunities which may be appropriate for presentation to our company as well as the other entities with which they are affiliated. They may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. For a description of our management's other affiliations, see the previous section entitled “Directors and Executive Officers.”
Our officers and directors may in the future become affiliated with entities, including other blank check companies, engaged in business activities similar to those intended to be conducted by our company. Since our directors beneficially own ordinary shares which will be released from escrow only if a business combination is successfully completed, our board may have a conflict of interest in determining whether a particular target business is appropriate to effect a business combination. The personal and financial interests of our directors and officers may influence their motivation in identifying and selecting a target business, completing a business combination timely and securing the release of their stock.
If we were to make a deposit, down payment or fund a “no shop” provision in connection with a potential business combination, we may have insufficient funds outside of the trust to pay for due diligence, legal, accounting and other expenses attendant to completing a business combination. In such event, our existing shareholders may have to incur such expenses in order to proceed with the proposed business combination. As part of any such combination, such existing shareholders may negotiate the repayment of some or all of any such expenses, without interest or other compensation, which if not agreed to by the target business' management, could cause our management to view such potential business combination unfavorably, thereby resulting in a conflict of interest.
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After the consummation of a business combination, if any, to the extent our management remains as officers of the resulting business, some of our officers and directors may enter into employment agreements, the terms of which shall be negotiated and which we expect to be comparable to employment agreements with other similarly-situated companies in Asia. Further, after the consummation of a business combination, if any, to the extent our directors remain as directors of the resulting business, we anticipate that they will receive compensation comparable to directors at other similarly-situated companies in Asia.
All ongoing and future transactions between us and any of our officers and directors or their respective affiliates, including the provision of the loans by our officers and directors, will be on terms believed by us at that time, based upon other similar arrangements known to us, to be no less favorable than are available from unaffiliated third parties and any transactions or loans, including any forgiveness of loans, will require prior approval in each instance by a majority of our uninterested “independent” directors (to the extent we have any) or the members of our board who do not have an interest in the transaction, in either case who had access, at our expense, to our attorneys or independent legal counsel. We will not enter into any such transaction unless our disinterested “independent” directors (or, if there are no “independent” directors, our disinterested directors) determine that the terms of such transaction are no less favorable to us than those that would be available to us with respect to such a transaction from unaffiliated third parties.
Each of our directors has, or may come to have, to a certain degree, other fiduciary obligations. All of our officers and directors have fiduciary obligations to those companies on whose board of directors they may sit. To the extent that they identify business opportunities that may be suitable for such companies, they will honor those fiduciary obligations. Accordingly, they may not present opportunities to us that otherwise may be attractive to us unless the other companies have declined to accept such opportunities.
To further minimize potential conflicts of interest, we have agreed not to consummate a business combination with an entity which is affiliated with any of our existing shareholders unless we obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm registered with the NASD that the business combination is fair to our shareholders from a financial point of view. We expect that such opinion will be included in our proxy solicitation materials furnished to our shareholders but that such independent investment banking firm will not be a consenting expert as is customary fairness opinion practice.
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
The following table sets forth information as of the date of this prospectus regarding the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares: (a) before the offering and after the sale of the insider warrants and (b) after the offering and the sale of the insider warrants, to reflect the sale of such insider warrants and the units offered by this prospectus for:
| • | each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of 5% or more of our outstanding ordinary shares; |
| • | each of our officers and directors; and |
| • | all our officers and directors as a group. |
Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all ordinary shares beneficially owned by them.
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| | | | | | |
| | | | Approximate Percentage of Outstanding Ordinary Shares |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) | | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership(1) | | Before the Offering | | After the Offering(2) |
Ho Capital Management LLC(3) 386 Columbus Avenue, Apt. 17A New York, New York 10024 | | | 1,312,500 shares | | | | 52.5 | % | | | 10.5 | % |
Angela Ho(3) 386 Columbus Avenue, Apt. 17A New York, New York 10024 | | | 875,000 shares | | | | 35.0 | % | | | 7.0 | % |
Noble Investment Fund Limited(4) c/o Pure Glow Finance Limited, investment advisor World Trade Centre, Via Lugano 11 6982 Lugano-Agno Switzerland | | | 687,500 shares | | | | 27.5 | % | | | 5.5 | % |
Arie Jan van Roon(4) World Trade Centre Via Lugano 11 6982 Lugano-Agno Switzerland | | | 687,500 shares | | | | 27.5 | % | | | 5.5 | % |
Allius Ltd.(5) Harbour House, Second Floor Waterfront Drive, Road Town Tortola, British Virgin Islands | | | 500,000 shares | | | | 20.0 | % | | | 4.0 | % |
Dr. Gary T. Hirst(6) 1515 International Parkway, Suite 2031 Lake Mary FL 32746 | | | 375,000 shares | | | | 15.0 | % | | | 3.0 | % |
Stuart A. Sundlun Global Emerging Markets 9 West 57th Street 46th Floor New York, New York 10019 | | | 125,000 shares | | | | 5.0 | % | | | 1.0 | % |
Andrew Tse Apartment 26B The Albany No. 1 Albany Road, Hong Kong | | | 125,000 shares | | | | 5.0 | % | | | 1.0 | % |
Peter Kjaer 24B Monmouth Place 9L Kennedy Road Hong Kong | | | 125,000 shares | | | | 5.0 | % | | | 1.0 | % |
Michael Hlavsa 511 SE 5th Ave., #621 Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33301 | | | 62,500 shares | | | | 2.5 | % | | | 0.5 | % |
All directors and executive officers as a group (7 individuals)(2) | | | 2,500,000 shares | | | | 100.0 | % | | | 20.0 | % |
| (1) | The percentage ownership before and after the offering for all executive officers and directors does not include the ordinary shares underlying the insider warrants. |
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| (2) | Assumes only the sale of 10,000,000 units in this offering but not: (a) the exercise of the 10,000,000 warrants to purchase ordinary shares included in such units, (b) the exercise of the 5,725,000 insider warrants to purchase ordinary shares as described herein, (c) 700,000 ordinary shares included in the representative’s unit purchase option or (d) 700,000 ordinary shares underlying warrants included in the representative’s unit purchase option. |
| (3) | Angela Ho owns approximately 68.2% of the membership interests in Ho Capital Management LLC. Accordingly, Angela Ho is the natural person with sole voting, investment and dispositive power over all assets of Ho Capital Management LLC (including our ordinary shares and insider warrants). Does not include a 50% beneficial interest held by Angela Ho in the 5,725,000 insider warrants issued to the Sponsor and the 5,725,000 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the insider warrants. |
| (4) | Noble Investment Fund Limited is a Gibralter-based company that invests and manages portfolio investments of other investment funds. Noble Investment Fund owns approximately 33.3% of the membership interests in Ho Capital Management LLC. Mr. van Roon is the natural person with sole voting, investment and dispositive power over all assets of Noble Investment Fund (including our ordinary shares and insider warrants). Mr. van Roon is also the sole shareholder, officer and director of Pure Glow Finance Limited, the sole investment advisor of Noble Investment Fund. Noble Investment Fund Limited has agreed to lend $5,725,000 to the Sponsor to enable the Sponsor to purchase the 5,725,000 insider warrants. Includes 437,500 shares beneficially owned by Noble Investment Fund through its 33.3% members interest in Ho Capital Management LLC and 250,000 additional shares beneficially owned through Allius Ltd. This does not include a 50% beneficial interest in the 5,725,000 insider warrants issued to the Sponsor and the 5,725,000 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the insider warrants. See “Certain Transactions” below. |
| (5) | Allius Ltd. is a British Virgin Islands company. Dr. Gary T. Hirst, our co-chief executive officer and director, is the beneficial owner of 250,000 ordinary shares, or 50% of the 500,000 shares of our company owned by Allius Ltd. Noble Investment Fund is the beneficial owner of the remaining 50% of such shares. |
| (6) | Includes 125,000 shares owned directly by Dr. Gary Hirst and 250,000 shares indirectly owned through Dr. Hirst’s 50% beneficial interest in the 500,000 shares owned by Allius Ltd. |
Immediately after this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, our existing shareholders, which include all of our officers and directors, collectively, will beneficially own approximately 20% of the then issued and outstanding ordinary shares. Because of this ownership block, these shareholders may be able to effectively influence the outcome of all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions other than approval of a business combination.
In addition, if we take advantage of increasing the size of the offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, we may effect a stock dividend in such amount to maintain the existing shareholders’ collective ownership at 20% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares upon consummation of the offering. If we decrease the size of the offering we will effect a reverse split of our ordinary shares in such amount to maintain the existing shareholders allocated ownership at 20% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares upon the consummation of this offering.
All of our ordinary shares outstanding prior to the date of this prospectus will be placed in escrow with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as escrow agent, until the earliest of:
| • | three years following the date of this prospectus; or |
| • | the consummation of a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of our shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property subsequent to our consummating a business combination with a target business. |
During the escrow period, the holders of these shares will not be able to sell or transfer their securities except to their spouses and children or trusts established for their benefit, but will retain all other rights as our shareholders including, without limitation, the right to vote their ordinary shares and the right to receive cash dividends, if declared. If dividends are declared and payable in ordinary shares, such dividends will also be placed in escrow. If we are unable to effect a business combination and liquidate, none of our existing shareholders will receive any portion of the liquidation proceeds with respect to ordinary shares owned by them prior to the date of this prospectus.
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The insider warrants to be purchased by our Sponsor or its nominees will contain restrictions prohibiting their transfer until the earlier of a business combination or our liquidation and will be held in an account maintained by the Maxim Group LLC until such time.
All of our officers, directors and principal shareholders will be deemed to be our “parents” and “promoters” as these terms are defined under the federal securities laws.
CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS
On March 23, 2007, we issued an aggregate of 1,312,500 ordinary shares to our Sponsor, Ho Capital Management LLC and an aggregate of 1,187,500 ordinary shares certain of our officers and directors and their affiliates, for a total of $25,000 in cash, or a purchase price of $0.01 per share. Ho Capital Management LLC is controlled by Angela Ho, our co-chief executive officer and chairman of our board of directors.
The holder of these shares will be entitled to make up to two demands that we register these shares pursuant to an agreement to be signed prior to or on the date of this prospectus. The holders of the majority of these shares may elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after the date on which these ordinary shares are released from escrow, which, except in limited circumstances, is not before three years from the date of this prospectus. In addition, these shareholders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights on registration statements filed subsequent to the date on which these ordinary shares are released from escrow. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Prior to the closing of this offering, our Sponsor will purchase an aggregate of 5,725,000 warrants, or insider warrants, from us at a price of $1.00 per warrant in a private placement made in accordance with Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. All of the proceeds received from the insider warrants (an aggregate of $5,725,000) will be placed in the trust account. The warrants may not be sold, assigned or transferred until we consummate a business combination. The Sponsor will not have any right to any liquidation distributions with respect to the insider warrants in the event we fail to consummate a business combination and the insider warrants will expire worthless. Furthermore, the insider warrants are subject to transfer restrictions which expire on the earlier of (i) a business combination or (ii) liquidation. The insider warrants will not be subject to redemption if held by the initial holder thereof or its permitted assigns.
Noble Investment Fund Limited, which owns 33.3% of the members interest equity in our Sponsor and beneficially owns 687,500 of our ordinary shares, has lent to our Sponsor $500,000 to enable our Sponsor to pay expenses related to this offering. Such loan does not bear interest and is payable by the Sponsor on December 31, 2007 or earlier upon completion of this offering. In addition, Noble Investment Fund has agreed to lend $5,725,000 to the Sponsor to enable the Sponsor to purchase the 5,725,000 insider warrants. The $5,725,000 loan bears interest at the rate of 5% per annum and is payable, together with accrued interest on the earlier to occur of December 31, 2012 or the Sponsor’s sale of all or any portion of the insider warrants or underlying ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of such insider warrants. In consideration for such loans, the Sponsor issued to Noble Investment Fund Limited a 33.3% beneficial interest in the 1,312,500 ordinary shares owned by our Sponsor (437,250 ordinary shares), permitted Noble Investment Fund Limited to purchase an additional 250,000 ordinary shares for $25,000 and has agreed to provide Noble Investment Fund Limited with a 50% beneficial interest in the 5,725,000 insider warrants issued to the Sponsor and the 5,725,000 ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the insider warrants.
As of the date of this prospectus, pursuant to a line of credit promissory note the Sponsor has advanced a total of approximately $500,000 to us to cover expenses related to this offering. Such loans will be payable without interest on the consummation of the offering. We intend to repay the outstanding amount on this line of credit from the proceeds of this offering not being placed in trust. This line of credit promissory note is non-interest bearing and matures on the earlier to occur of (a) the date of closing of the offering being made by this prospectus, or (b) December 31, 2007.
We currently maintain our registered office c/o M & C Corporate Services Limited, P.O. Box 309GT, Ugland House, South Church Street, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Following completion of this offering and prior to consummation of a business combination, we expect to lease for up to two years other executive office space in either Florida or New York City. We have budgeted $7,500 per month which
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we will pay to our Sponsor Ho Capital Management LLC to cover general and administrative services, including but not limited to rent for such office as well as receptionist, secretarial and general office services, pursuant to a letter agreement between us and Ho Capital Management, LLC. This agreement commences on the date of this prospectus and shall continue until the earliest to occur of: (i) consummation of a business combination, (ii) 18 months after the completion of this offering (or 24 months after the completion of this offering if a letter of intent, agreement in principle or a definitive agreement has been executed within 18 months after the completion of this offering and the business combination relating thereto has not yet been completed within such 18-month period) and (iii) the date on which we dissolve and liquidate our trust account as part of our automatic dissolution and liquidation. We believe, based on rents and fees for similar services that the fee charged by Ho Capital Management, LLC is at least as favorable as we could have obtained from an unaffiliated person.
Of the $2,000,000 of estimated interest earned on our trust account which we may use to defray our operating expenses and working capital requirements pending completion of a business combination. We will also reimburse our officers and directors for any reasonable out-of-pocket business expenses incurred by them in connection with certain activities on our behalf such as identifying and investigating possible target businesses and business combinations. There is no limit on the amount of accountable out-of-pocket expenses reimbursable by us, which will be reviewed only by our board or a court of competent jurisdiction if such reimbursement is challenged. Other than such payments, no compensation or fees of any kind, including finders and consulting fees, will be paid to any of our existing shareholders, officers or directors who owned our ordinary shares prior to this offering, or to any of their respective affiliates for services rendered to us prior to or with respect to the business combination.
Our existing shareholders will not receive either compensation or reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them to the extent that such expenses exceed the amount in the trust account unless the business combination is consummated and there are sufficient funds available for reimbursement after such consummation. The financial interest of such persons could influence their motivation in selecting a target business and thus, there may be a conflict of interest when determining whether a particular business combination is in the shareholders’ best interest.
After the consummation of a business combination, if any, to the extent our management remains as officers of the resulting business, we anticipate that our officers and directors may enter into employment or consulting agreements, the terms of which shall be negotiated and which we expect to be comparable to employment or consulting agreements with other similarly-situated companies in the industry in which we consummate a business combination. Further, after the consummation of a business combination, if any, to the extent our directors remain as directors of the resulting business, we anticipate that they will receive compensation comparable to directors at other similarly-situated companies in the industry in which we consummate a business combination.
All ongoing and future transactions between us and any of our officers and directors or their respective affiliates, including loans by our officers and directors, will be on terms believed by us to be no less favorable than are available from unaffiliated third parties and such transactions or loans, including any forgiveness of loans, will require prior approval in each instance by a majority of our uninterested “independent” directors (to the extent we have any) or the members of our board who do not have an interest in the transaction, in either case who had access, at our expense, to our attorneys or independent legal counsel.
In order to protect the amounts held in the trust account, our Sponsor has agreed to indemnify us for claims of creditors (including any of our officers or directors) that have not executed a binding waiver of their right to seek payment of amounts due to them out of the trust account. Except for claims for reimbursement of expenses payable to any of our officers or directors (which claims against the trust account must be waived in writing), we may elect to forego obtaining waivers only if we receive the approval of our Chief Executive Officer and the approving vote or written consent of at least a majority of our board of directors, including all of our non-independent directors. Noble Investment Fund Limited, one of the equity owners of our Sponsor, has separately agreed with our Sponsor to guaranty the indemnification obligations of our Sponsor and provide our Sponsor with any funds required to meet these indemnification obligations.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
General
We are a Cayman Islands company and our affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The following are summaries of material provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law insofar as they relate to the material terms of our ordinary shares. We have filed copies of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association as exhibits to our registration statement on Form S-1.
We are authorized to issue 50,000,000 ordinary shares, par value $.0001, and 1,000,000 preferred shares, par value $.0001 As of the date of this prospectus, 2,500,000 ordinary shares are outstanding, of which 1,312,500 shares are held by our Sponsor, Ho Capital Management LLC. There is no established trading market for our securities, and no preferred shares are currently outstanding.
Units
Each unit consists of one ordinary share and one warrant. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one ordinary share. The ordinary shares and warrants shall begin to trade separately on the 90th day after the date of this prospectus unless Maxim Group LLC informs us of its decision to allow earlier separate trading, provided that in no event may the ordinary shares and warrants be traded separately until (i) we have filed with the SEC a Current Report on Form 8-K which includes an audited balance sheet reflecting our receipt of the gross proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, (ii) we file a Current Report on Form 8-K and issue a press release announcing when such separate trading will begin, and (iii) the date on which such separate trading begins is a business day following the earlier to occur of the expiration of the underwriters’ over-allotment option or its exercise in full. Maxim Group LLC may decide to allow continued trading of the units following such separation. We will file a Current Report on Form 8-K which includes this audited balance sheet upon the consummation of this offering. The audited balance sheet will reflect proceeds we receive from the exercise of the over-allotment option, if the over-allotment option is exercised on the date of this prospectus. In the event all or any portion of the over-allotment option is exercised after the date of this prospectus, we will file an additional Current Report on Form 8-K to disclose our receipt of the net proceeds from any such exercise.
Ordinary Shares
Ordinary shareholders of record are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters to be voted on by shareholders. Rights of shareholders may not be altered, except by a special resolution requiring two-thirds shareholder approval. In connection with the shareholder vote required to approve any business combination, all of our existing shareholders have agreed to vote the ordinary shares owned by them prior to this offering in the same manner as a majority of the public shareholders who vote at the special or annual meeting called for the purpose of approving a business combination. Our existing shareholders have also agreed that if they acquire ordinary shares in or following this offering, they will vote such acquired shares in favor of a business combination.
We will proceed with the business combination only if a majority of the ordinary shares voted by the public shareholders are voted in favor of the business combination and public shareholders owning not more than 34.99% of the shares sold in this offering exercise their redemption rights discussed below, each in accordance with the instructions set forth in the proxy materials to bemailed to our shareholders. This 34.99% redemption requirement which we have established is different from that of a traditional blank check offering, which generally will proceed with an acquisition of a target business only if both shareholders owning a majority of the outstanding shares voting on a business combination vote in favor of the business combination and no more than20% of the public shareholders exercise their redemption rights. We have increased the redemption percentage from 20% to 34.99% in order to reduce the likelihood that a small group of investors holding a block of our stock will be able to stop us from completing a business combination that may otherwise be approved by a large majority of our public shareholders. Accordingly, the 34.99% redemption requirement which we have established is a lower threshold and will make it easier for us to proceed with a proposed business combination than what is customary in a traditional blank check offering. Voting against the
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business combination alone will not result in redemption of a shareholder’s ordinary shares into a pro rata share of the trust account. Such shareholder must also have exercised its redemption rights. Even if 34.99% or less of the shareholders, as described above, exercise their redemption rights, we may be unable to consummate a business combination if such redemption leaves us with funds less than a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the amount in our trust account (excluding any funds held for the benefit of any of the underwriters) at the time of such acquisition which amount is required for our initial business combination. In addition, if more than 20% but not more than 34.99% of the shares owned by our public shareholders vote against a proposed business combination and exercise their redemption rights, we will still be required to utilize 80% of the initial $100 million amount placed in our trust account for the business combination. In the event that such redemption leaves us with an insufficient amount of funds to consummate a proposed business combination then, we may issue a significant amount of our debt or equity securities to the sellers of such businesses and/or seek to raise additional funds through a private offering of debt or equity securities, consummate a different business combination or dissolve and liquidate to our public shareholders our trust account as part of our automatic dissolution and liquidation.
Our board of directors is divided into two classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of two years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voted for the election of directors can elect all of the directors. Directors may engage in transactions with our company and vote on such transactions, provided the nature of the interest is disclosed.
If we automatically dissolve and liquidate the trust account prior to a business combination, our public shareholders are entitled to share ratably in the trust account, inclusive of any interest (net of taxes payable, which taxes, if any, shall be paid from the trust account), and any net assets remaining available for distribution to them after payment of liabilities. Our existing shareholders have agreed to waive their respective rights to participate in any liquidation distribution occurring upon our failure to consummate a business combination, but only with respect to those ordinary shares acquired by them prior to this offering. Additionally, upon a liquidation redemption, the underwriters have agreed to waive any right they may have to the $3,000,000 of deferred underwriting compensation currently being held in the trust account, all of which shall be distributed to the public shareholders.
Our shareholders are entitled to receive ratable dividends when, as and if declared by the board of directors out of funds legally available. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the company after a business combination, our shareholders are entitled, subject to the rights of holders of preferred shares, if any, to share ratably in all assets remaining available for distribution to them after payment of liabilities and after provision is made for each class of shares, if any, having preference over the ordinary shares. Our shareholders have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights. There are no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to the ordinary shares, except that public shareholders have the right to redeem their ordinary shares to cash equal to their pro rata share of the trust account if they vote against the business combination and the business combination is approved and completed. Public shareholders who redeem their shares into their share of the trust account still have the right to exercise the warrants that they received as part of the units.
Due to the fact that we currently have 50,000,000 ordinary shares authorized, if we were to enter into a business combination, we may (depending on the terms of such a business combination) be required to increase the number of ordinary shares which we are authorized to issue at the same time as our shareholders vote on the business combination.
Preferred Shares
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association authorizes the issuance of 1,000,000 preferred shares with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our board of directors. No preferred shares are being issued or registered in this offering. Accordingly, our board of directors is empowered, without shareholder approval, to issue preferred shares with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights, which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of ordinary shares, although the underwriting agreement prohibits us, prior to a business combination, from issuing preferred shares that participate in any manner in the proceeds of the trust account, or that vote as a
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class with the ordinary shares on a business combination. We may issue some or all of the preferred shares to effect a business combination. In addition, the preferred shares could be utilized as a method of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of us. Although we do not currently intend to issue any preferred shares, we cannot assure you that we will not do so in the future.
Warrants
No warrants are currently outstanding. Each warrant included in the units sold in this offering and the insider warrants entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of our ordinary shares at a price of $7.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, at any time commencing on the later of:
| • | the completion of a business combination; or |
| • | one year from the date of this prospectus. |
The warrants will expire on [ ], 2011 at 5:00 p.m., New York City time.
The warrants may trade separately on the 90th trading day after the date of this prospectus, unless Maxim Group LLC agrees that an earlier date is acceptable; provided, however, that in no event may the ordinary shares and warrants be traded separately until we have filed a Current Report on Form 8-K which includes an audited balance sheet reflecting our receipt of the proceeds of this offering and the sale of the insider warrants, including any proceeds we receive from the exercise of the over-allotment option if such option is exercised on the date of this prospectus. In the event all or any portion of the over-allotment option is exercised after the date of this prospectus, we will file an additional Current Report on Form 8-K to disclose our receipt of the net proceeds from any such exercise.
The warrants comprising part of the units (including any warrants issued upon exercise of Maxim Group LLC’s unit purchase option) may be redeemed:
| • | in whole and not in part; |
| • | at a price of $.01 per warrant at any time after the warrants become exercisable; |
| • | upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder; and |
| • | if, and only if, the last closing sales price of our ordinary shares equals or exceeds $14.25 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending three business days before we send the notice of redemption. |
We have established this last criterion to provide warrant holders with a premium to the initial warrant exercise price as well as a degree of liquidity to cushion the market reaction, if any, to our redemption call. If the foregoing conditions are satisfied and we call the warrants for redemption, each warrant holder shall then be entitled to exercise his or her warrant prior to the date scheduled for redemption, however, there can be no assurance that the price of the ordinary shares will exceed the call trigger price or the warrant exercise price after the redemption call is made. The insider warrants are not subject to redemption provided they are held by the initial holder thereof or their permitted assigns.
The warrants will be issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and us. You should review a copy of the warrant agreement, which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the warrants.
The exercise price and number of ordinary shares issuable on exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of ordinary shares at a price below their respective exercise prices.
The warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the warrant agent, with the exercise form on the reverse side of the warrant certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified check payable to us, for the number of warrants being exercised. The warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of ordinary shares and any voting rights until they exercise their warrants and receive
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ordinary shares. After the issuance of ordinary shares upon exercise of the warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by shareholders.
No warrants will be exercisable unless at the time of exercise a prospectus relating to ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants is current and the ordinary shares have been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, we have agreed to meet these conditions and use our best efforts to maintain a current prospectus relating to ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. If we are unable to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement until the expiration of the warrants, and therefore are unable to deliver registered shares, the warrants may become worthless. Additionally, the market for the warrants may be limited if the prospectus relating to the ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the warrants is not current or if the ordinary shares are not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of the warrants reside. In no event will the registered holders of a warrant be entitled to receive a net-cash settlement, stock or other consideration in lieu of physical settlement in ordinary shares.
Because the insider warrants were originally sold and issued pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements under the federal securities laws, the holders of the insider warrants will be able to exercise their warrants even if, at the time of exercise, a prospectus relating to the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of such warrants is not current. As described above, holders of the warrants included in the units purchased in this offering will not be able to exercise them unless we have a current registration statement covering the shares issuable upon their exercise.
No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round up to the nearest whole number the number of ordinary shares to be issued to the warrant holder.
Purchase Option
We have agreed to sell to the underwriter an option to purchase up to a total of 700,000 units at $12.50 per unit. The units issuable upon exercise of this option are identical to those offered by this prospectus.
Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends on our ordinary shares to date and do not intend to pay cash dividends prior to the completion of a business combination. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition subsequent to completion of a business combination. The payment of any dividends subsequent to a business combination will be within the discretion of our then board of directors. It is the present intention of our board of directors to retain all earnings, if any, for use in our business operations and, accordingly, our board does not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Our Transfer Agent and Warrant Agent
The transfer agent for our securities and warrant agent for our warrants is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, 59 Maiden Lane, Plaza Level, New York, New York 10038.
Shares Eligible for Future Sale
Immediately after this offering, we will have 12,500,000 ordinary shares outstanding (or 14,000,000 shares if the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full). Of these shares, the 10,000,000 shares sold in this offering (or 11,500,000 shares if the over-allotment option is exercised in full), will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any shares purchased by one of our affiliates within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. All of the remaining 2,500,000 shares are restricted securities under Rule 144, in that they were issued in private transactions not involving a public offering and will not be eligible for sale under Rule 144. Notwithstanding this, all of those shares have been placed in escrow and will not be transferable for a period of three years from the date of this prospectus and will only be released prior to that date subject to certain limited exceptions such as our liquidation prior to a business combination (in which case the certificate representing such shares will be destroyed), and the
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consummation of a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of our shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property subsequent to our consummating a business combination with a target business.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares of our ordinary shares for at least one year would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of either of the following:
| • | 1% of the number of ordinary shares then outstanding, which will equal 125,000 shares immediately after this offering (or 140,000 if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option); and |
| • | the average weekly trading volume of the ordinary shares during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale. |
Sales under Rule 144 are also limited by manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
Rule 144(k)
Under Rule 144(k), a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates at the time of or at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the restricted shares proposed to be sold for at least two years, including the holding period of any prior owner other than an affiliate, is entitled to sell their shares without complying with the manner of sale, public information, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144.
SEC Position on Rule 144 Sales
The SEC has taken the position that promoters or affiliates of a blank check company and their transferees, both before and after a business combination, would act as an “underwriter” under the Securities Act when reselling the securities of a blank check company. Accordingly, the SEC believes that those securities can be resold only through a registered offering and that Rule 144 would not be available for those resale transactions despite technical compliance with the requirements of Rule 144.
Registration Rights
The holders of our 2,500,000 issued and outstanding ordinary shares on the date of this prospectus will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to an agreement to be signed prior to or on the effective date of this offering. The holders of the majority of these shares are entitled to make up to two demands that we register these shares. The holders of the majority of these shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after the date on which these ordinary shares are released from escrow. In addition, these shareholders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights on registration statements filed subsequent to the date on which these ordinary shares are released from escrow. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Our Sponsor has agreed to purchase an aggregate of 5,725,000 insider warrants from us at a purchase price of $1.00 per warrant that will occur immediately prior to this offering. We have granted the holders of such insider warrants demand and “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to the 5,725,000 ordinary shares underlying the insider warrants at any time commencing on the date we announce that we have entered into a letter of intent with respect to a proposed business combination, provided, however, any such registration shall not become effective until our business combination has been completed. The demand registration may be exercised by the holders of a majority of such warrants. The insider warrants will not be subject to redemption if held by the initial holder thereof or its permitted assigns. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
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Changes in Capital
We may from time to time by ordinary resolution increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amount, as the resolution shall prescribe. The new shares shall be subject to the same provisions with reference to the payment of calls, lien, transfer, transmission, forfeiture and otherwise as the shares in the original share capital. We may by ordinary resolution:
| • | consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of larger amount than our existing shares; |
| • | sub-divide our existing shares, or any of them into shares of smaller amount than is fixed by our amended and restated memorandum of association, subject nevertheless to the provisions of Section 13 of the Companies Law; or |
| • | cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person. |
We may by special resolution reduce our share capital and any capital redemption reserve fund in any manner authorized by law.
Certain Differences in Corporate Law
The Companies Law of the Cayman Islands is modeled on English Law but does not follow recent English Law statutory enactments, and differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of some significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements. Cayman Islands law does not provide for mergers as that expression is understood under United States corporate law. There are statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies in certain circumstances, which may be tantamount to a merger, but we do not anticipate the use of such statutory provisions because a business combination can be achieved through other means, such as a share capital exchange, asset acquisition or control, through contractual arrangements, of an operating business. However, in the event that a business combination was sought pursuant to these statutory provisions, the arrangement in question must be approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made and who must in addition represent three-fourths in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meeting summoned for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder would have the right to express to the court the view that the transaction ought not be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it satisfies itself that:
| • | we are not proposing to act illegally or beyond the scope of its authority and the statutory provisions as to majority vote have been complied with; |
| • | the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question; |
| • | the arrangement is such as a businessman would reasonably approve; and |
| • | the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Law or that would amount to a “fraud on the minority.” |
When a takeover offer is made and accepted by holders of 90.0% of the shares within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection can be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but this is unlikely to succeed unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
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If the arrangement and reconstruction is thus approved, the dissenting shareholder would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of United States corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.
Shareholders’ Suits. Our Cayman Islands counsel is not aware of any reported class action or derivative action having been brought in a Cayman Islands court. In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which could be applied by a court in the Cayman Islands, exceptions to the foregoing principle apply in circumstances in which:
| • | a company is acting or proposing to act illegally or beyond the scope of its authority; |
| • | the act complained of, although not beyond the scope of the authority, could be effected if duly authorized by more than the number of votes which have actually been obtained; |
| • | the individual rights of the plaintiff shareholder have been infringed or are about to be infringed; or |
| • | those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.” |
Certain Reporting Obligations
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file current reports with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as United States companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we have agreed with the representatives of the underwriters that for the period commencing with the date of this prospectus and ending on the consummation of a business combination, we will comply with the rules under the Exchange Act with respect to the furnishing and content of our proxy statement related to the business combination. We have also agreed with the representatives of the underwriters that for the period commencing with the date of this prospectus and ending on the consummation of a business combination, we will comply with the rules and regulations under the Exchange Act prescribing the requirements and filing deadlines for current reports on Form 8-K and will file reports on Form 6-K complying with those rules and regulations. In addition, we have agreed with the representatives of the underwriters that we will furnish to American shareholders an English language version of our annual financial statements and all other materials regularly provided to other shareholders, and publish, at least quarterly, an English language version of our interim financial statements filed with the SEC.
Our Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association
Our memorandum and articles of association became effective under the laws of the Cayman Islands on March 22, 2007. As set forth in the preamble to the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, the objects for which our company is established are unrestricted and our company shall have full power and authority to carry out any object not prohibited by the Companies Law (2004 Revision) or as the same may be revised from time to time, or any other law of the Cayman Islands.
Under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, we will hold our annual meetings at such time and place as determined by our directors, and if not so determined, the annual meeting shall be held on the second Wednesday in December of each year. Notice of such meeting must be sent to all shareholders. The majority of directors, the chief executive officer or the chairman of the board also may call special meetings, and in any event, must call special meetings upon the request of ten percent of our shareholders.
Articles 168 through 173 of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association contains provisions designed to provide certain rights and protections to our shareholders prior to the consummation of a business combination, including:
| • | a requirement that all proposed business combinations be presented to shareholders for approval regardless of whether or not the Cayman Islands requires such a vote; |
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| • | a prohibition against completing a business combination if 35% or more of our shareholders exercise their redemption rights in lieu of approving a business combination; |
| • | the right of shareholders voting against a business combination to surrender their shares for a pro rata portion of the trust account in lieu of participating in a proposed business combination; |
| • | a requirement that in the event we do not consummate a business combination by the later of 18 months after the consummation of this offering or 24 months after the consummation of this offering in the event that either a letter of intent, an agreement in principle or a definitive agreement to complete a business combination was executed but was not consummated within such 18 month period, our corporate existence will cease by operation of law and we will distribute to our public shareholders the amount in our trust account (inclusive of interest) plus any remaining assets; |
| • | limitation on shareholders’ rights to receive a portion of the trust account so that they may only receive a portion of the trust account upon our dissolution and subsequent liquidation of the trust account or upon the exercise of their redemption rights; and |
| • | the bifurcation of our board of directors into two classes and the establishment of related procedures regarding the standing and election of such directors. |
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the underwriting agreement that we will enter into with the underwriters in connection with this offering, prohibits the amendment or modification of any of the foregoing provisions prior to the consummation of a business combination. While these rights and protections have been established for the purchasers of units in this offering, it is nevertheless possible that the prohibition against amending or modifying these rights and protections at any time prior to the consummation of the business combination could be challenged as unenforceable under Cayman Islands law, although, pursuant to the underwriting agreement we are prohibited from amending or modifying these rights and protections at any time prior to the consummation of the business combination. We have not sought an unqualified opinion regarding the enforceability of the prohibition on amendment or modification of such provisions because we view these provisions as fundamental and contractual terms of this offering. We believe these provisions to be obligations of our company to its shareholders and that investors will make an investment in our company relying, at least in part, on the enforceability of the rights and obligations set forth in these provisions including, without limitation, the prohibition on any amendment or modification of such provisions. As a result, the board of directors will not, and pursuant to the underwriting agreement cannot, at any time prior to the consummation of a business combination, propose any amendment or modification of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association relating to any of the foregoing provisions and will not support, directly or indirectly, or in any way endorse or recommend that shareholders approve an amendment or modification to such provisions.
Anti-Money Laundering — Cayman Islands
In order to comply with legislation or regulations aimed at the prevention of money laundering we are required to adopt and maintain anti-money laundering procedures, and may require subscribers to provide evidence to verify their identity. Where permitted, and subject to certain conditions, we may also delegate the maintenance of its anti-money laundering procedures (including the acquisition of due diligence information) to a suitable person.
We reserve the right to request such information as is necessary to verify the identity of a subscriber. In the event of delay or failure on the part of the subscriber in producing any information required for verification purposes, we may refuse to accept the application, in which case any funds received will be returned without interest to the account from which they were originally debited.
We also reserve the right to refuse to make any redemption payment to a shareholder if our directors or officers suspect or are advised that the payment of redemption proceeds to such shareholder might result in a breach of applicable anti-money laundering or other laws or regulations by any person in any relevant jurisdiction, or if such refusal is considered necessary or appropriate to ensure our compliance with any such laws or regulations in any applicable jurisdiction.
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If any person resident in the Cayman Islands knows or suspects that another person is engaged in money laundering or is involved with terrorism or terrorist property and the information for that knowledge or suspicion came to their attention in the course of their business the person will be required to report such belief or suspicion to either the Financial Reporting Authority of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the Proceeds of Criminal Conduct Law (2005 Revision) if the disclosure relates to money laundering or to a police officer of the rank of constable or higher if the disclosure relates to involvement with terrorism or terrorist property, pursuant to the Terrorism Law. Such a report shall not be treated as a breach of confidence or of any restriction upon the disclosure of information imposed by any enactment or otherwise.
TAXATION
The following summary of the material Cayman Islands and United States federal income tax consequences of an investment in ordinary shares is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our ordinary shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws.
Cayman Islands Taxation
The Government of the Cayman Islands, will not, under existing legislation, impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax upon the company or its shareholders. The Cayman Islands are not party to any double taxation treaties.
We have applied for and can expect to receive an undertaking from the Governor-in-Cabinet of the Cayman Islands that, in accordance with section 6 of the Tax Concessions Law (1999 Revision) of the Cayman Islands, for a period of 20 years from the date of the undertaking, no law which is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations shall apply to us or our operations and, in addition, that no tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations or which is in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall be payable (i) on the shares, debentures or other obligations of the company or (ii) by way of the withholding in whole or in part of a payment of dividend or other distribution of income or capital by the company to its members or a payment of principal or interest or other sums due under a debenture or other obligation of the company.
Certain United States Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following is a general summary of certain United States federal income tax consequences, under current law, generally applicable to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our ordinary shares and warrants. This section does not address any aspect of United States federal gift or estate tax, or the state, local or foreign tax consequences of an investment in our ordinary shares and warrants. United States alternative minimum tax considerations are not addressed in this summary. This section only applies to U.S. Holders who acquire ordinary shares and warrants in this offering as capital assets for tax purposes and who hold the shares and warrants directly (e.g., not through an intermediary entity such as a corporation, partnership, LLC or trust).
The following summary is based upon the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS, and court decisions that are currently applicable, any of which could be materially and adversely changed, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time. This summary does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, of any recently proposed legislation which, if enacted, could be applied (possibly on a retroactive basis) at any time (including, without limitation, changes in applicable tax rates). No ruling from the IRS has been or will be sought on any of the issues discussed below. As a result, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not successfully challenge the tax treatment described herein.
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This discussion does not discuss all the tax consequences that may be relevant to particular investors in light of their circumstances or to investors that are subject to special rules, including:
| • | a dealer in securities or currencies; |
| • | a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities holdings; |
| • | a tax-exempt organization; |
| • | a qualified retirement plan, individual retirement account and other tax-deferred accounts; |
| • | a person that holds ordinary shares that are a hedge or that are hedged against currency risks or as part of a straddle or a conversion transaction; |
| • | a person who acquires his/her ordinary shares and warrants as compensation for services; or |
| • | a U.S. Holder (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
For purposes of the United States federal income tax discussion below, you are a U.S. Holder if you are a beneficial owner of ordinary shares or warrants and you are: (1) a citizen or individual resident (as defined under United States tax laws) of the United States; (2) a corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof; (3) an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source; (4) or a trust if (A) a United States court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more United States persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (B) the trust was in existence on August 20, 1996, and validly elected to continue to be treated as a United States domestic trust.
This summary is for general information only and it is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any U.S. Holder, and no opinion or representation with respect to the United States federal income tax consequences to any such holder or prospective holder is made. Accordingly, U.S. Holders and prospective holders of ordinary shares and warrants, should consult their own tax advisors about the federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of shares and warrants.
REQUIRED NOTICE
To ensure compliance with Internal Revenue Service Circular 230, U.S. Holders are hereby notified that: (a) any discussion of U.S. federal tax issues in this Registration Statement is not intended or written to be relied upon, and cannot be relied upon by U.S. Holders, for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed on U.S. Holders under the Internal Revenue Code; (b) such discussion is written in connection with the promotion or marketing of the transactions or matters addressed by this Registration Statement; and (c) each U.S. Holder should seek advice based on its particular circumstances from an independent tax advisor.
Allocation of Purchase Price Between Ordinary Shares and Warrants
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a U.S. Holder generally must allocate the purchase price of a unit between the ordinary share and each warrant that comprise the unit based on the relative fair market value of each. The price allocated to each ordinary share and each warrant generally will be the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in such share or warrant, as the case may be. While uncertain, the IRS, by analogy to the rules relating to the allocation of the purchase price to components of a unit consisting of debt and equity, may take the position that our allocation of the purchase price will be binding on a U.S. Holder of a unit, unless the U.S. Holder explicitly discloses in a statement attached to the U.S. Holder’s timely filed U.S. federal income tax return for the taxable year that includes the acquisition date of the unit that the U.S. Holder’s allocation of the purchase price between the ordinary share and each warrant that comprise the unit is different than our allocation. Our allocation is not, however, binding on the IRS.
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Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult such holder’s own tax advisor with respect to the risks associated with an allocation of the purchase price between the ordinary shares and the warrants that comprise a unit that is inconsistent with our allocation of the purchase price.
Taxation of Dividends
Under the United States federal income tax laws, and subject to the personal foreign investment company rules discussed below, the gross amount of any dividend we pay out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for United States federal income tax purposes) is subject to United States federal income taxation. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, dividends paid to you in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011 that constitute qualified dividend income will be taxable to you at a maximum tax rate of 15% provided that you hold our ordinary shares for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date and meet other holding period requirements. Dividends paid with respect to shares will be qualified dividend income provided that, our ordinary shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States in the year that you receive the dividend, you do not treat the dividend as “investment income” for purposes of the investment interest deduction rules and we are not a passive foreign investment company in the year in which the dividend is paid or in the preceding taxable year.
A corporate U.S. Holder generally will not be entitled to a dividends received deduction. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for United States federal income tax purposes, will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your basis in our ordinary shares and thereafter as capital gain.
If the dividend is declared and paid in a foreign currency, the amount of the dividend distribution that you must include in your income as a U.S. Holder will be the U.S. dollar value of the payments made in the foreign currency, determined at the spot foreign currency/U.S. dollar rate on the date the dividend distribution is includible in your income, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. Therefore, since the value of the foreign currency may decrease before you actually convert the currency into U.S. dollars, you may actually be taxed on a larger amount in U.S. dollars than the U.S. dollar amount that you will ultimately receive. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date you include the dividend payment in income to the date you convert the payment into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss and will not be eligible for the special tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, if you are a U.S. Holder and you sell or otherwise dispose of your ordinary shares, you will recognize capital gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount that you realize and your tax basis, determined in U.S. dollars, in your ordinary shares. Capital gain of a noncorporate U.S. Holder that is recognized before January 1, 2011 is generally taxed at a maximum rate of 15% where the holder has a holding period greater than one year. Your ability to deduct capital losses is subject to limitations.
Exercise, Disposition or Lapse of Warrants
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, a U.S. Holder generally will not recognize gain or loss upon the exercise of a warrant. Ordinary shares acquired pursuant to the exercise of a warrant will have a tax basis equal to the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the warrant (that is, an amount equal to the portion of the purchase price of each unit allocated to the warrant as described above in “Allocation of Purchase Price Between Ordinary Shares and Warrants”), increased by the amount paid to exercise the warrant. The holding period of such ordinary share would begin on the day following the date of exercise of the warrant and will not include the period during which the U.S. Holder held the warrant.
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, upon the sale or other disposition of a warrant (other than by exercise), a U.S. Holder will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the warrant (that is, as discussed above, the portion of the purchase price of a unit allocated to such warrant). Such gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if
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the U.S. Holder has held the warrant for more than one year. Under certain circumstances, we have the right to redeem the warrants. A redemption of warrants may, in certain circumstances, be treated as a sale or exchange of the warrants.
If a warrant is allowed to lapse unexercised, a U.S. Holder will recognize a capital loss in an amount equal to such holder’s tax basis in the warrant. Such loss will be long-term if the warrant has been held for more than one year. The ability to deduct any such loss may be subject to certain limitations, and holders should consult their own tax advisors as to the potential application of such limitations.
As discussed above in “Allocation of Purchase Price Between Ordinary Shares and Warrants”, the allocation of purchase price of a unit between the Ordinary Share and the warrant comprising such unit is not binding on the IRS. If the IRS were to successfully challenge your allocation, the amount of gain recognized upon disposition of an ordinary share or warrant could be increased, and the amount of loss recognized upon disposition of an ordinary share or warrant or upon lapse of a warrant could be reduced.
U.S. Anti-Deferral Regimes
There are two regimes applicable to foreign corporations under United States federal income tax law that potentially may apply to our company — the “controlled foreign corporation” (“CFC”) regime and the passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) regime.
Generally, a foreign corporation is not a CFC unless more than fifty percent (by vote or value) of its stock is owned by “U.S. Shareholders” (generally, United States owners with ten percent or more of the votes of the foreign corporation). It is anticipated that our company will not have more than fifty percent ownership by U.S. Shareholders, and therefore our company will not be a CFC. If our company were a CFC, the United States federal tax consequences summarized herein could be materially and adversely different.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
Special United States tax rules apply to a company that is considered a PFIC. PFIC status is not conditioned on a certain level of ownership of the foreign corporation by U.S. Shareholders. Under these rules, we will be classified as a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes in any taxable year in which either:
| • | at least 75% of our gross income for the taxable year is passive income; or |
| • | at least 50% of the gross value, determined on the basis of a quarterly average, of our assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. |
Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents (not including certain rents and royalties derived in the active conduct of a trade or business), annuities and gains from assets that produce passive income. If a foreign corporation owns directly or indirectly at least 25% by value of the stock of another corporation, the foreign corporation is treated for purposes of the PFIC tests as owning its proportionate share of the assets of the other corporation, and as receiving directly its proportionate share of the other corporation’s income.
Newly formed corporations, such as us, are, under certain circumstances, excepted out of the PFIC rules for their first year of existence. We cannot assure you that we will not be a PFIC for the current or any future year.
If we are treated as a PFIC, and you are a U.S. Holder that does not make a QEF election or mark-to-market election, as described below, you will be subject to special rules with respect to:
| • | any gain you realize on the sale or other disposition of your ordinary shares or warrants; and |
| • | any excess distribution that we make to you (generally, any distributions to you during a single taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received by you in respect of the ordinary shares during the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, your holding period for the ordinary shares or ordinary shares). |
Under these rules the gain or excess distribution will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the ordinary shares. Amounts allocated to the taxable year in which you realized the gain or excess distribution will be taxed as ordinary income; and the amount allocated to each prior year, with certain exceptions,
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will be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for that year. In addition, the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each such year.
These unfavorable tax results may potentially be avoided if the U.S. Holder makes a QEF election to be taxed currently on his, her or its pro rata portion of our income and gain, whether or not such income or gain is distributed in the form of dividends or otherwise, and our company provides certain annual statements which include the information necessary to determine inclusions and assure compliance with the PFIC rules. We intend to provide information reasonably necessary to comply with the QEF rules to any U.S. Holder who requests it of us.
The QEF election is made on a shareholder-by-shareholder basis and can be revoked only with the consent of the IRS. A shareholder makes a QEF election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621 to a timely filed U.S. federal income tax return and by filing a copy of the form with the IRS. We intend to provide such information as the IRS may require in order to enable U.S. Holders to make the QEF election. However, there is no assurance that we will have timely knowledge of our status as a PFIC in the future. Even if a QEF election is not made, each U.S. shareholder of a PFIC must annually file a completed Form 8621 with the shareholder’s tax return and with the IRS.
The warrants would most likely be treated as options for purposes of the PFIC rules, so that the U.S. Holder of a warrant would be treated as a shareholder for certain purposes under proposed Treasury Regulations regarding PFICs. A U.S. Holder of warrants, however, may not be eligible to make a QEF Election while it holds the warrants that will apply to either the warrant itself or the ordinary shares that may be received upon exercise of the warrant. Therefore, the U.S. Holder may be unable to make a timely QEF Election that would apply to the warrants and the ordinary shares into which the warrants may be converted. Special rules may apply in these circumstances. U.S. Holders of warrants should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of the warrants under the PFIC rules.
U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the PFIC issue and its applicability to their particular tax situation. In addition, U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisor regarding any special annual reporting requirements that may apply to them by virtue of their ownership of stock of a PFIC.
As another alternative to the foregoing rules, a U.S. Holder of a PFIC may make a “Mark-to-Market Election” to include in income each year as ordinary income an amount equal to the increase in value of the ordinary shares for that year or to claim a deduction for any decrease in value (but only to the extent of previous mark-to-market gains).
However, it is unclear whether our ordinary shares will qualify for the mark-to-market election and prospective investors should not assume that our ordinary shares will qualify for the mark-to-market election. Whether the ordinary shares will so qualify will depend on the volume and regularity of the trading of such ordinary shares and hence cannot be predicted at this time.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
If you are a noncorporate U.S. Holder, information reporting requirements, on Internal Revenue Service Form 1099, generally will apply to:
| • | dividend payments or other taxable distributions made to you within the United States, and |
| • | the payment of proceeds to you from the sale of ordinary shares effected at a United States office of a broker. |
Additionally, backup withholding may apply to such payments if you are a noncorporate U.S. Holder that:
| • | fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number (generally on Form W-9), is notified by the Internal Revenue Service that you have failed to report all interest and dividends required to be shown on your federal income tax returns, or |
| • | in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements. |
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Payment of the proceeds from the sale of ordinary shares or warrants effected at a foreign office of a broker generally will not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding. However, a sale of ordinary shares or warrants that is effected at a foreign office of a broker will be subject to information reporting and backup withholding if: the proceeds are transferred to an account maintained by you in the United States; the payment of proceeds or the confirmation of the sale is mailed to you at a United States address; or the sale has some other specified connection with the United States as provided in U.S. Treasury regulations, unless the broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a United States person and the documentation requirements described above are met or you otherwise establish an exemption.
You generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules that exceed your income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the United States Internal Revenue Service.
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UNDERWRITING
Maxim Group LLC is acting as representative of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions in the underwriting agreement, each underwriter named below has agreed to purchase from us, on a firm commitment basis, the respective number of units shown opposite its name below, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount set forth on the cover page of this prospectus:
| | |
Underwriter | | Number of Units |
Maxim Group LLC | | | | |
Total | | | 10,000,000 | |
The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are committed to purchase all of the units offered by this prospectus if they purchase any of the units. This commitment does not apply to the units subject to an over-allotment option granted by us to the underwriters to purchase additional units in this offering. The underwriting agreement also provides that the obligations of the underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the units are subject to the passing upon of certain legal matters by counsel and certain other conditions.
Underwriting Terms
Pursuant to the underwriting agreement, we have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 45 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 1,500,000 units from us on the same terms and at the same per unit price as the other units being purchased by the underwriters from us. The underwriters may exercise the option solely to cover over-allotments, if any, in the units that the underwriters have agreed to purchase from us. If the over-allotment option is exercised in full, the total public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions and proceeds to us before expenses will be $115,000,000, $8,050,000 and $106,950,000, respectively.
The following table shows the public offering price, underwriting fees and expenses to be paid by us to the underwriters and the proceeds of the public offering, before expenses, to us. This information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option.
| | | | | | |
| | Per Unit with Option | | Without Option | | With Option |
Public offering price | | $ | 10.00 | | | $ | 100,000,000 | | | $ | 115,000,000 | |
Underwriting Discount(1) | | | 0.40 | | | | 4,000,000 | | | | 4,600,000 | |
Non-accountable expense allowance(2) | | | 0.10 | | | | 1,000,000 | | | | 1,000,000 | |
Deferred underwriting compensation(3) | | | 0.30 | | | | 3,000,000 | | | | 3,450,000 | |
Proceeds before other expenses(4) | | $ | 9.20 | | | | 92,000,000 | | | $ | 105,950,000 | |
| (1) | Does not include an additional 3% of the gross proceeds, or $0.30 per unit ($3,000,000) payable to Maxim Group LLC from the sale of 10,000,000 units in this offering ($3,450,000) if the over-allotment option is exercised in full) that will be paid to the underwriters only upon consummation of a business combination (and then only with respect to those units as to which the component shares have not been redeemed) which amounts are reflected in this table as deferred underwriting compensation. If a business combination is not consummated and we are liquidated, such amounts will not be paid to the underwriters, but rather will be distributed among our public shareholders. |
| (2) | The non-accountable expense allowance payable to Maxim Group LLC is not payable with respect to the units sold upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. |
| (3) | The per unit deferred underwriting compensation is $0.30 with respect to units sold in the offering. Maxim Group LLC has agreed to forego their deferred underwriting compensation with respect to each share that we redeem for cash upon the consummation of a business combination. Maxim Group LLC has agreed to forfeit their deferred underwriting compensation in the event a business combination is not consummated and our trust account is liquidated to our public shareholders as part of our automatic dissolution and liquidation. |
| (4) | Additional expenses attributable to this offering are estimated to be approximately $674,000. |
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The distribution of our securities will end upon the underwriters’ cessation of selling efforts and stabilization activities, provided, however, in the event that the underwriters were to exercise their over-allotment option to purchase securities in excess of its short position, then the distribution will not be deemed to have been completed until all of the securities have been sold.
We have agreed to sell the units to the underwriters at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discount set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The underwriting agreement also provides that Maxim Group LLC will be paid a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the units offered by this prospectus ($50,000 of which has been previously advanced to Maxim Group LLC), exclusive of any units purchased on exercise of the over-allotment option. In the event the offering is terminated, Maxim Group LLC will return to us the amount previously advanced by us less Maxim Group LLC’s actual out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the offering.
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, not including underwriting discounts, commissions, the non-accountable expense allowance and not taking into consideration the underwriters’ over-allotment option, will be approximately $674,000. These expenses include, but are not limited to, SEC registration fees, NASD filing fees, American Stock Exchange listing fees, accounting fees and expenses, legal fees and expenses, printing and engraving expenses, transfer agent fees and blue sky fees and expenses.
The underwriters will initially offer the units to be sold in this offering directly to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus and to selected dealers at the initial public offering price less a selling concession not in excess of $[ ] per unit. The underwriters may allow, and the selected dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of $[ ] per unit on sales to brokers and dealers. After the offering, the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms. No change in those terms will change the amount of proceeds to be received by us as set forth on the cover of this prospectus.
We have agreed to sell to Maxim Group LLC for $100, an option to purchase up to 700,000 units at $12.50 per unit. The units issuable upon exercise of this option are identical to those offered by this prospectus. This option commences on the later of the consummation of a business combination or 180-days from the date of this prospectus and expiring five years from the date of this prospectus. The option and the 700,000 units, the 700,000 ordinary shares and the 700,000 warrants underlying such units, and the 700,000 ordinary shares underlying such warrants, have been deemed compensation by the NASD and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 2710(g)(1) of the NASD Conduct Rules. Additionally, the option may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a 180-day period (including the foregoing 180-day period) following the date of this prospectus. However, the option may be transferred to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the offering and their bona fide officers or partners. Thereafter, such units will be transferable provided such transfer is in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act. Although the purchase option and its underlying securities have been registered under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part of, the option grants to holders demand and “piggy back” rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from the date of this prospectus with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the securities directly and indirectly issuable upon exercise of the option. We will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of units issuable upon exercise of the option may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the option will not be adjusted for issuances of ordinary shares at a price below its exercise price. We will set aside and at all times have available a sufficient number of ordinary shares to be issued upon exercise of such units.
We have engaged Maxim Group LLC, the representative of the underwriters, on a non-exclusive basis, as our agent for the solicitation of the exercise of the warrants. To the extent not inconsistent with the guidelines of the NASD and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we have agreed to pay the representative for bona fide services rendered a commission equal to 5% of the exercise price for each warrant exercised more than one year after the date of this prospectus if the exercise was solicited by the underwriters. In addition to soliciting,
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either orally or in writing, the exercise of the warrants, the representative’s services may also include disseminating information, either orally or in writing, to warrant holders about us or the market for our securities, and assisting in the processing of the exercise of the warrants. No compensation will be paid to the representative upon the exercise of the warrants if:
| • | the market price of the underlying ordinary shares is lower than the exercise price; |
| • | the holder of the warrants has not confirmed in writing that the underwriters solicited the exercise; |
| • | the warrants are held in a discretionary account; |
| • | the warrants are exercised in an unsolicited transaction; or |
| • | the arrangement to pay the commission is not disclosed in the prospectus provided to warrant holders at the time of exercise. |
Prior to this offering there has been no public market for any of our securities. The public offering price of the units and the terms of the warrants were negotiated between us and the representative. Factors considered in determining the prices and terms of the units, including the ordinary shares and warrants underlying the units, include:
| • | the history and prospects of companies whose principal business is the acquisition of other companies; |
| • | prior offerings of those companies; |
| • | our prospects for acquiring an operating business at attractive values; |
| • | an assessment of our management and their experience in identifying operating companies; |
| • | general conditions of the securities markets at the time of the offering; and |
| • | other factors as were deemed relevant. |
However, although these factors were considered, the determination of our offering price is more arbitrary than the pricing of securities for an operating company in a particular industry since the underwriters are unable to compare our financial results and prospects with those of public companies operating in the same industry.
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may distribute prospectuses electronically. No forms of prospectus other than printed prospectuses and electronically distributed prospectuses that are printable in Adobe.pdf format will be used in connection with this offering.
The underwriters have informed us that they do not expect to confirm sales of units offered by this prospectus to accounts over which they exercise discretionary authority without obtaining the specific approval of the account holder.
Rules of the SEC may limit the ability of the underwriters to bid for or purchase our securities before the distribution of the securities is completed. The “Restricted Period” under Regulation M for this offering will have ended when (i) all of the Units have been sold, (ii) there are no more selling efforts, (iii) there is no more stabilization, and (iv) the over-allotment option has been exercised or has expired. However, the underwriters may engage in the following activities in accordance with the rules:
| • | Stabilizing Transactions. The underwriters may make bids or purchases for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of our securities, so long as stabilizing bids do not exceed the maximum price specified in Regulation M, which generally requires, among other things, that no stabilizing bid shall be initiated at or increased to a price higher than the lower of the offering price or the highest independent bid for the security on the principal trading market for the security. |
| • | Over-Allotments and Syndicate Coverage Transactions. The underwriters may create a short position in our securities by selling more of our securities than are set forth on the cover page of this |
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| | prospectus. If the underwriters create a short position during the offering, the representative may engage in syndicate covering transactions by purchasing our securities in the open market. The representative may also elect to reduce any short position by exercising all or part of the over-allotment option. |
| • | Penalty Bids. The representative may reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the units originally sold by the syndicate member is purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. |
Stabilization and syndicate covering transactions may cause the price of the securities to be higher than they would be in the absence of these transactions. The imposition of a penalty bid might also have an effect on the prices of the securities if it discourages resales of the securities.
Neither we nor the underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the prices of the securities. These transactions may occur on the American Stock Exchange or on any trading market. If any of these transactions are commenced, they may be discontinued without notice at any time.
For a period of no less than two years after the date of the prospectus, we have agreed to engage a designee of Maxim Group LLC as an advisor to our board of directors, where such advisor shall attend meetings of the board, receive all notices and other correspondence and communications sent by us to members of our board of directors. In addition, such advisor shall be entitled to receive, as his/her sole compensation, reimbursement for all costs incurred in attending such meetings.
Neither Maxim Group nor any other NASD member firm participating in this offering has provided any services to us in connection with a potential business combination or additional capital raising activities. Although we are not under any contractual obligation to engage any of the underwriters to provide any services for us after this offering, and have no present intent to do so, any of the underwriters may, among other things, introduce us to potential target businesses or assist us in raising additional capital, as needs may arise in the future. If any of the underwriters provide services to us after this offering, we may pay such underwriter fair and reasonable fees that would be determined at that time in arm’s length negotiations.
The underwriting agreement provides for indemnification between us and the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and for contribution by us and the underwriters to payments that may be required to be made with respect to those liabilities. We have been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, indemnification liabilities under the Securities Act is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is therefore, unenforceable.
Foreign Regulatory Restrictions on Purchase of the Units
We have not taken any action to permit a public offering of the units outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to this offering of units and the distribution of the prospectus outside the United States.
Italy. This offering of the units has not been cleared by Consob, the Italian Stock Exchanges regulatory agency of public companies, pursuant to Italian securities legislation and, accordingly, no units may be offered, sold or delivered, nor may copies of this prospectus or of any other document relating to the units be distributed in Italy, except (1) to professional investors (operatori qualificati);or (2) in circumstances which are exempted from the rules on solicitation of investments pursuant to Decree No. 58 and Article 33, first paragraph, of Consob Regulation No. 11971 of May 14, 1999, as amended. Any offer, sale or delivery of the units or distribution of copies of this prospectus or any other document relating to the units in Italy under (1) or (2) above must be (i) made by an investment firm, bank or financial intermediary permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with the Decree No. 58 and Legislative Decree No. 385 of September 1, 1993, or the Banking Act; and (ii) in compliance with Article 129 of the Banking Act and the implementing guidelines of the Bank of Italy, as amended from time to time, pursuant to which the issue or the offer of securities in Italy may need to be preceded and followed by an appropriate notice to be filed with the Bank of Italy depending, inter alia, on the aggregate value of the securities issued or offered in Italy and their characteristics; and (iii) in compliance with any other applicable laws and regulations.
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Germany. The offering of the units is not a public offering in the Federal Republic of Germany. The units may only be acquired in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Sales Prospectus Act (Wertpapier-Verkaufsprospektgesetz), as amended, and any other applicable German law. No application has been made under German law to publicly market the units in or out of the Federal Republic of Germany. The units are not registered or authorized for distribution under the Securities Sales Prospectus Act and accordingly may not be, and are not being, offered or advertised publicly or by public promotion. Therefore, this prospectus is strictly for private use and the offering is only being made to recipients to whom the document is personally addressed and does not constitute an offer or advertisement to the public. The units will only be available to persons who, by profession, trade or business, buy or sell shares for their own or a third party’s account.
France. The units offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France. This prospectus has not been or will not be submitted to the clearance procedure of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers, or the AMF, and may not be released or distributed to the public in France. Investors in France may only purchase the units offered by this prospectus for their own account and in accordance with articles L. 411-1, L. 441-2 and L. 412-1 of the Code Monétaire et Financier and decree no. 98-880 dated October 1, 1998, provided they are “qualified investors” within the meaning of said decree. Each French investor must represent in writing that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the aforesaid decree. Any resale, directly or indirectly, to the public of the shares offered by this prospectus may be effected only in compliance with the above mentioned regulations.
“Les actions offertes par ce document d’information ne peuvent pas être, directement ou indirectement, offertes ou vendues au public en France. Ce document d’information n’a pas été ou ne sera pas soumis au visa de l’Autorité des Marchés Financiers et ne peut être diffusé ou distribué au public en France. Les investisseurs en France ne peuvent acheter les actions offertes par ce document d’information que pour leur compte propre et conformément aux articles L. 411-1, L. 441-2 et L. 412-1 du Code Monétaire et Financier et du décret no. 98-880 du 1 octobre 1998, sous réserve qu’ils soient des investisseurs qualifiés au sens du décret susvisé. Chaque investisseur doit déclarer par écrit qu’il est un investisseur qualifié au sens du décret susvisé. Toute revente, directe ou indirecte, des actions offertes par ce document d’information au public ne peut être effectuée que conformément à la réglementation susmentionnée.”
Switzerland. This prospectus may only be used by those persons to whom it has been directly handed out by the offeror or its designated distributors in connection with the offer described therein. The units are only offered to those persons and/or entities directly solicited by the offeror or its designated distributors, and are not offered to the public in Switzerland. This prospectus constitutes neither a public offer in Switzerland nor an issue prospectus in accordance with the respective Swiss legislation, in particular but not limited to Article 652A Swiss Code Obligations. Accordingly, this prospectus may not be used in connection with any other offer, whether private or public and shall in particular not be distributed to the public in Switzerland.
United Kingdom. In the United Kingdom, the units offered by this prospectus are directed to and will only be available for purchase to a person who is an exempt person as referred to at paragraph (c) below and who warrants, represents and agrees that: (a) it has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, any units offered by this prospectus to any person in the United Kingdom except in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public in the United Kingdom for the purposes of section 85 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) (“FSMA”); and (b) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of FSMA and the regulations made thereunder in respect of anything done by it in relation to the units offered by this prospectus in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom; and (c) it is a person who falls within the exemptions to Section 21 of the FSMA as set out in The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (“the Order”), being either an investment professional as described under Article 19 or any body corporate (which itself has or a group undertaking has a called up share capital or net assets of not less than £500,000 (if more than 20 members) or otherwise £5 million) or an unincorporated association or partnership (with net assets of not less than £5 million) or is a trustee of a high value trust or any person acting in the capacity of director, officer or employee of such entities as defined under Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order, or a person to whom the invitation or inducement may otherwise lawfully be communicated or cause to be communicated. The investment activity to which this document relates will only be available to and engaged in only with exempt persons referred to above. Persons who are
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not investment professionals and do not have professional experience in matters relating to investments or are not an exempt person as described above, should not review nor rely or act upon this document and should return this document immediately. It should be noted that this document is not a prospectus in the United Kingdom as defined in the Prospectus Regulations 2005 and has not been approved by the Financial Services Authority or any competent authority in the United Kingdom.
Israel. The units offered by this prospectus have not been approved or disapproved by the Israeli Securities Authority (ISA). The units may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Israel. The ISA has not issued permits, approvals or licenses in connection with the offering of the units or publishing the prospectus; nor has it authenticated the details included herein, confirmed their reliability or completeness, or rendered an opinion as to the quality of the units being offered. Any resale, directly or indirectly, to the public of the units offered by this prospectus is subject to restrictions on transferability and must be effected only in compliance with the Israeli securities laws and regulations.
Sweden. Neither this prospectus nor the units offered hereunder have been registered with or approved by the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority under the Swedish Financial Instruments Trading Act (1991:980) (as amended), nor will such registration or approval be sought. Accordingly, this prospectus may not be made available nor may the units offered hereunder be marketed or offered for sale in Sweden other than in circumstances which are deemed not to be an offer to the public in Sweden under the Financial Instruments Trading Act. This prospectus may not be distributed to the public in Sweden and a Swedish recipient of the prospectus may not in any way forward the prospectus to the public in Sweden.
Norway. This prospectus has not been produced in accordance with the prospectus requirements laid down in the Norwegian Securities Trading Act 1997, as amended. This prospectus has not been approved or disapproved by, or registered with, either the Oslo Stock Exchange or the Norwegian Registry of Business Enterprises. This prospectus may not, either directly or indirectly be distributed to Norwegian potential investors.
Denmark. This prospectus has not been prepared in the context of a public offering of securities in Denmark within the meaning of the Danish Securities Trading Act No. 171 of 17 March 2005, as amended from time to time, or any Executive Orders issued on the basis thereof and has not been and will not be filed with or approved by the Danish Financial Supervisory Authority or any other public authority in Denmark. The offering of units will only be made to persons pursuant to one or more of the exemptions set out in Executive Order No. 306 of 28 April 2005 on Prospectuses for Securities Admitted for Listing or Trade on a Regulated Market and on the First Public Offer of Securities exceeding EUR 2,500,000 or Executive Order No. 307 of 28 April 2005 on Prospectuses for the First Public Offer of Certain Securities between EUR 100,000 and EUR 2,500,000, as applicable.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the securities offered in this prospectus is being passed upon for us by Hodgson Russ LLP, New York, New York. Richardson & Patel LLP, New York, New York, is acting as counsel for the underwriters in this offering.
Legal matters as to Cayman Islands’ law will be passed upon for us by Maples and Calder. Hodgson Russ LLP may rely upon Maples and Calder with respect to matters governed by Cayman Islands’ law.
EXPERTS
The financial statements included in this prospectus and in the registration statement have been audited by Tedder, James, Worden & Associates, P.A., independent registered certified public accounting firm, as of April 9, 2007 and for the period from March 22, 2007 (date of inception) through April 9, 2007 as set forth in their report appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and in the registration statement. The financial statements are included in reliance upon their report, which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern if the offering is not completed, given upon the authority of Tedder, James, Worden & Associates, P.A as experts in auditing and accounting.
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ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands because of the following benefits found there:
| • | political and economic stability; |
| • | an effective judicial system; |
| • | the absence of exchange control or currency restrictions; and |
| • | the availability of professional and support services. |
However, certain disadvantages accompany incorporation in the Cayman Islands. These disadvantages include:
| • | the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provides significantly less protection to investors; and |
| • | Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States. |
Although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United Sates, the courts of the Cayman Islands will recognize a foreign judgment as the basis for a claim at common law in the Cayman Islands provided such judgment:
| • | is given by a competent foreign court; |
| • | imposes on the judgment debtor a liability to pay a liquidated sum for which the judgment has been given; |
| • | is not in respect of taxes, a fine or a penalty; and |
| • | was not obtained in a manner and is not of a kind the enforcement of which is contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands. |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1, which includes exhibits, schedules and amendments, under the Securities Act, with respect to this offering of our securities. Although this prospectus, which forms a part of the registration statement, contains all material information included in the registration statement, parts of the registration statement have been omitted as permitted by rules and regulations of the SEC. We refer you to the registration statement and its exhibits for further information about us, our securities and this offering. The registration statement and its exhibits, as well as our other reports filed with the SEC, can be inspected and copied at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information about the operation of the public reference room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains a web site at http://www.sec.gov which contains the Form S-1 and other reports, proxy and information statements and information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
Financial Statements
April 9, 2007
Table of Contents
| | |
Report of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm | | | F-2 | |
Financial Statements:
| | | | |
Balance Sheet | | | F-3 | |
Statement of Operations | | | F-4 | |
Statement of Shareholders' Equity | | | F-5 | |
Statement of Cash Flows | | | F-6 | |
Notes to Financial Statements | | | F-7 | |
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Report of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Asia Special Situation Acquisition Corp.
(A Development Stage Company):
We have audited the balance sheet of Asia Special Situation Acquisition Corp. (A Development Stage Company) as of April 9, 2007, and the related statements of operations, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the period from March 22, 2007 (inception) to April 9, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Asia Special Situation Acquisition Corp. (A Development Stage Company) as of April 9, 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from March 22, 2007 (inception) to April 9, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company is in the process of developing its business plan, has not begun its operations, and has not generated revenue. This raises substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Notes 1 and 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ Tedder, James, Worden & Associates, P.A.
Orlando, Florida
April 19, 2007
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
Balance Sheet
April 9, 2007
| | |
Assets
| |
Current assets:
| | | | |
Cash equivalents | | $ | 175,000 | |
Total current assets | | | 175,000 | |
Deferred offering costs | | | 125,000 | |
Total assets | | $ | 300,000 | |
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
| |
Current Liabilities:
| | | | |
Related party line of credit | | $ | 300,000 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 300,000 | |
Stockholders' equity:
| | | | |
Ordinary shares | | | 250 | |
Preferred shares | | | — | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 24,750 | |
Share subscription receivable | | | (25,000 | ) |
Total stockholders' equity | | | — | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | | $ | 300,000 | |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
Statement of Operations
For the Period from March 22, 2007 (Inception) to April 9, 2007
| | |
Revenue | | $ | — | |
Expenses:
| | | | |
Formation and operation costs | | | — | |
Net income | | $ | — | |
Weighted average shares outstanding | | | 2,500,000 | |
Earnings per share, basic and diluted | | $ | — | |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
For the Period from March 22, 2007 (Inception) to April 9, 2007
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ordinary Shares | | Ordinary Shares (Amount) | | Additional Paid-in Capital | | Share Subscription Receivable | | Total |
Balance, March 22, 2007 (inception) | | | — | | | $ | — | | | | | | | | | | | | — | |
Issuance of common shares | | | 2,500,000 | | | | 250 | | | | 24,750 | | | | — | | | | 25,000 | |
Stock subscription receivable | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (25,000 | ) | | | (25,000 | ) |
Net income | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Balance, April 9, 2007 | | | 2,500,000 | | | $ | 250 | | | | 24,750 | | | | (25,000 | ) | | | — | |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Period from March 22, 2007 (Inception) to April 9, 2007
| | |
Cash flows from operating activities:
| | | | |
Net income | | $ | — | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | — | |
Cash flows from financing activities:
| | | | |
Net borrowings on related party line of credit | | | 175,000 | |
Net change in cash | | | 175,000 | |
Cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | — | |
Cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 175,000 | |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
| | | | |
Payment of deferred offering costs through the issuance of related party line of credit | | $ | 125,000 | |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Description of Business
Asia Special Situation Acquisition Corp. (the Company) is a Business Combination Company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands for the purpose of acquiring, engaging in a capital stock exchange with, purchasing all or substantially all of the assets of, or engaging in any other similar business combination, or control through contractual arrangements, of one or more unidentified operating businesses. The Company intends to identify prospective acquisitions that are located in or providing products or services to customers located in Asia. The Company’s efforts to identify a prospective target business will not be limited to a particular industry or area in Asia, although the Company initially intends to focus efforts on acquiring an operating business, in the leisure and hospitality and financial services industries, that is located in or providing products or services to customers in China. The Company does not have any specific business combination under consideration and has not (nor has anyone on its behalf) contacted any prospective target business or had any discussions, formal or otherwise, with respect to such a transaction.
In evaluating a prospective target business, the Company will consider, among other factors, the financial condition and results of operation; growth potential; experience and skill of management; availability of additional personnel; capital requirements; competitive position; barriers to entry into other industries; stage of development of the products, processes or services; degree of current or potential market acceptance of the products, processes or services; proprietary features and degree of intellectual property or other protection of the products, processes or services; regulatory environment of the industry; and costs associated with effecting the business combination. These criteria are not intended to be exhaustive. Any evaluation relating to the merits of a particular business combination will be based, to the extent relevant, on the above factors, as well as other considerations deemed relevant by the Company in effecting a business combination consistent with its business objective.
The Company intends to complete a prospectus (the Prospectus) filed with a registration statement of Form S-1 in connection with a proposed public offering (the Proposed Offering) to raise $100,000,000. Upon the closing of the Proposed Offering, $100,000,000 of the proceeds from the Proposed Offering and private placement will be placed in a trust account at Deutsche Bank maintained by American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, pursuant to an agreement to be signed on the date of the Company’s Proposed Offering. Of this amount, up to $97,000,000 may be used for the purpose of effecting a business combination, and up to $3,000,000 will be paid to Maxim Group LLC, (Maxim) if a business combination is consummated, but will be forfeited by Maxim if a business combination is not consummated. These funds will not be released until the earlier of the completion of a business combination or automatic dissolution and liquidation; provided, however, that the Company’s plan to draw the following amounts from the interest accrued on the trust account prior to, or upon the consummation of, a business combination or our liquidation: (i) taxes payable on interest earned and (ii) up to $2,000,000 of interest income to fund working capital.
The Company's first business combination must be with a business or combination of businesses with a fair market value of at least 80% of the amount in the Company's trust account, less deferred compensation of $3,000,000 (or $3,450,000 if the over allotment is exercised in full) at the time of acquisition. In the event that shareholders owning 35% or more of the outstanding stock excluding, for this purpose, those persons who were shareholders prior to the Proposed Offering, vote against the business combination and request their redemption right as described below, the business combination will not be consummated. In the event that more than 20%, but less than 35% of the shares owned by the Company’s public shareholders vote against a proposed business combination and exercise their redemption rights, the Company is still required to complete a business combination whose fair market value is equal to at least 80% of the amount in the trust account at the time of such acquisition, and as a result of any such redemptions may have to issue debt or additional equity
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – (continued)
securities to consummate the business combination or otherwise may be forced to dissolve and liquidate the Company. All of the Company's shareholders prior to the Proposed Offering, including all of the officers and directors of the Company (the Initial Shareholders), have agreed to vote their 2,500,000 founding ordinary shares in accordance with the vote of the majority in interest of all other shareholders of the Company (the Public Shareholders) with respect to any business combination. Additionally, in the event that any of the Initial Shareholders acquire shares of the Company in connection with the initial public offering, or in the aftermarket, they have each agreed to vote in favor of any business combination.
With respect to the first business combination which is approved and consummated, any Public Shareholder who voted against the business combination may demand that the Company redeem his or her shares. The per share redemption price will equal the amount in the trust account as of the record date for determination of shareholders entitled to vote on the business combination divided by the number of ordinary shares held by Public Shareholders at the consummation of the Proposed Offering. Accordingly, Public Shareholders holding 34.99% of the aggregate number of ordinary shares owned by all Public Shareholders may seek redemption of their shares in the event of a business combination. Such Public Shareholders are entitled to receive their per share interest in the trust account computed without regard to the shares held by Initial Shareholders.
The Company's Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association provides for mandatory liquidation of the Company, without shareholder approval, in the event that the Company does not consummate a business combination within eighteen (18) months from the date of the consummation of the Proposed Offering, or twenty-four (24) months from the consummation of the Proposed Offering if certain extension criteria have been satisfied.
The Company's ordinary shares and Warrants will not be traded separately until it files an audited balance sheet on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which reflects receipt of the gross proceeds from the Proposed Offering. Upon completion of the Proposed Offering, shares owned by the Initial Shareholders will be held in an escrow account maintained by the trustee, acting as escrow agent, for up to three years.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going-concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. See Note 2 to the financial statements for a discussion of management's plans and intentions.
(b) Development Stage Activities
The Company has been in the development stage since its inception on March 22, 2007. All activity through April 9, 2007 relates to the Company's formation and the Proposed Offering described in Note 2. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year-end. The Company's ability to commence operations is contingent upon obtaining adequate financial resources through a Proposed Offering. Substantially all of the net proceeds of the Proposed Offering are intended to be generally applied toward consummating a business combination consistent with its business objective.
(c) Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid marketable securities with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
(d) Income Taxes
The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – (continued)
respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date.
(e) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
(2) Proposed Public Offering
The Proposed Offering calls for the Company to offer for public sale up to 10,000,000 units (Units) at a price of $10.00 per unit. Each Unit consists of one of the Company's $.0001 par value ordinary shares and one Redeemable Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Warrant). Each Warrant will entitle the holder to purchase from the Company one ordinary share at an exercise price of $7.50 commencing on the later of: (i) the completion of business combination with a target, or (ii) one (1) year from the effective date of the Proposed Offering and expiring four (4) years from the date of the Prospectus. An additional 1,500,000 Units may be issued on exercise of a 45-day option granted to the underwriters to cover any over-allotments. The Warrants may be redeemed by the Company, at a price of $0.01 per Warrant, upon thirty (30) days notice after the Warrants become exercisable, only in the event that the average sale price of the common stock is at least $14.25 per share for any twenty (20) trading days within a thirty (30) trading-day period ending on the third day prior to date on which notice of redemption is given.
(3) Deferred Offering Costs
Deferred offering costs consist principally of underwriting fees, legal fees, accounting fees, and other fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the Proposed Offering and that will be charged to capital upon the receipt of the capital raised.
(4) Related Party Line of Credit
On March 23, 2007, the Company entered into an unsecured $500,000 line of credit (the Line) with the majority shareholder of the Company, which is an entity whose chief executive officer is a director of the Company. The Line bears no interest and is due at the earlier of the closing date of the Proposed Offering or December 31, 2007. As of April 9, 2007, $300,000 is outstanding on the Line.
(5) Ordinary Shares
The Company has authorized 50,000,000 ordinary shares with a $.0001 par value. As of April 9, 2007, 2,500,000 ordinary shares were issued and outstanding.
(6) Preferred Shares
The Company has authorized 1,000,000 preferred shares with a $.0001 par value. No preferred shares are issued or outstanding.
(7) Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
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ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
(A Development Stage Company)
(8) Commitments and Contingencies
The Company has agreed to pay a monthly fee of $7,500 to Ho Capital Management LLC of the Company for general and administrative services, including but not limited to receptionist, secretarial and general office services. This agreement commences on the date of the Company's Prospectus and shall continue until the earliest to occur of: (i) consummation of a business combination, (ii) 18 months after the completion of the Proposed Offering (or 24 months after the completion of the Company’s Proposed Offering if a letter of intent, agreement in principle or a definitive agreement has been executed within 18 months after the completion of the Company’s Proposed Offering and the business combination relating hereto has not yet been completed, within such 18-month period) or (iii) the date on which the Company determines to dissolve and liquidate the Company trust account as part of the Company’s automatic dissolution and liquidation.
The Company has also agreed to sell to Maxim Group LLC for $100 as additional compensation an option to purchase up to a total of 700,000 units at a price of $12.50 per unit. The 700,000 units to be issued upon exercise of these options are identical to those being offered in the Company's Prospectus. The Company will account for this purchase option as a cost of raising capital and will include the instrument as equity in its financial statements. Accordingly, there will be no net impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations, except for the recording of the $100 proceeds from the sale. The Company has estimated, based upon a Black Scholes model, that the fair value of the purchase option on the date of sale is approximately $1.27 per unit (a total value of $889,000), using an expected life of five years, volatility of 1.27% and a risk-free rate of 4.63%. The volatility calculation is based on the average volatility of 16 business combination companies that have completed their public offerings in amounts ranging from $75,000,000 to $150,000,000, but have not yet announced an acquisition, during the period from January 1, 2002 to August 1, 2007. Because the Company does not have a trading history, it needed to estimate the potential volatility of the unit price, which will depend on a number of factors which cannot be ascertained at this time. The Company used these companies because management believes that the volatility of these companies is a reasonable benchmark to use in estimating the expected volatility for the Company’s units. Although an expected life of five years was used in the calculation, if the Company does not consummate a business combination within the prescribed time period and the Company is liquidated, the option will become worthless.
The holders of our 2,500,000 issued and outstanding ordinary shares on the date of the Prospectus will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to an agreement to be signed prior to or on the effective date of our Proposed Offering. The holders of the majority of these shares are entitled to make up to two demands that the Company register these shares. The holders of the majority of these shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after the date on which these ordinary shares are released from escrow. In addition, these shareholders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights on registration statements filed subsequent to the date on which these ordinary shares are released from escrow. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
The majority shareholderhas agreed to purchase an aggregate of 5,725,000 warrants from the Company at a purchase price of $1.00 per warrant in a private placement that will occur immediately prior to our Proposed Offering. The Company has granted the holders of such warrants demand and “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to the 5,725,000 shares of common stock underlying the warrants at any time commencing on the date the Company announces that it has entered into a letter of intent with respect to a proposed business combination, provided, however, any such registration shall not become effective until the business combination has been completed. The demand registration may be exercised by the holders of a majority of such warrants. Insider warrants will not be subject to redemption if held by the initial holder thereof or its permitted assigns. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
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Until 2007, all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers' obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
No dealer, salesperson or any other person is authorized to give any information or make any representations in connection with this offering other than those contained in this prospectus and, if given or made, the information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by us. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any security other than the securities offered by this prospectus, or an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities by anyone in any jurisdiction in which the offer or solicitation is not authorized or is unlawful.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide for indemnification of our officers and directors for any liability incurred in their capacities as such, except through their own fraud or willful default.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers, and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person in a successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to the court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
(a) During the past three years, we sold an aggregate of 2,500,000 of our ordinary shares without registration under the Securities Act:
| | |
Name of Record Owner | | Number of Ordinary Shares |
Ho Capital Management LLC | | | 1,312,500 | |
Allius Ltd. | | | 500,000 | |
Dr. Gary Hirst | | | 125,000 | |
Stuart Sundlun | | | 125,000 | |
Andrew Tse | | | 125,000 | |
Peter Kjaer | | | 125,000 | |
Michael Hlavsa | | | 62,500 | |
Arie Jan van Roon | | | 125,000 | |
Such shares were issued in April 2007 in connection with our organization pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as they were sold to sophisticated, accredited individuals and/or entities which are beneficially owned only by such individuals and not in connection with any public offering. The shares issued to the individuals and entities above were sold for an aggregate offering price of $25,000 at a purchase price of $0.01 per share. No underwriting discounts or commissions were paid with respect to such sales.
Ho Capital Management LLC, our Sponsor, has agreed to purchase an aggregate of 5,725,000 warrants from us at a purchase price of $1.00 per warrant that will occur immediately prior to this offering in a transaction pursuant to, and in accordance with, Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933. We have granted to the holder of such warrants and its permitted assigns demand and “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to the securities underlying such warrants at any time commencing on the date we announce that we have entered into a letter of intent with respect to a proposed a business combination. The demand registration may be exercised by Ho Capital Management LLC or the holders of a majority of such warrants. We will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
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In addition, if we take advantage of increasing the size of the offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, we may effect a stock dividend in such amount to maintain the existing shareholders’ collective ownership at 20.00% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares upon consummation of the offering. If we decrease the size of the offering we will effect a reverse split of our ordinary shares in such amount to maintain the existing shareholders allocated ownership at 20.00% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares upon the consummation of this offering.
Item 8. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) The following exhibits are filed as part of this Registration Statement:
| | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
1.1 | | Form of Underwriting Agreement.* |
3.1 | | Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association. |
4.1 | | Specimen Unit Certificate.** |
4.2 | | Specimen Ordinary Share Certificate.** |
4.3 | | Specimen Warrant Certificate.** |
4.4 | | Form of Warrant Agreement between American Stock Transfer & Trust Company and the Registrant.* |
4.5 | | Form of Unit Option Purchase Agreement between the Registrant and Maxim Group LLC.* |
5.1 | | Opinion of Maples and Calder.** |
8.1 | | Tax Opinion of Hodgson Russ LLP.* |
10.1 | | Form of Letter Agreement between Maxim Group LLC and the Officers and Directors of the Registrant.* |
10.2 | | Form of Letter Agreement between Maxim Group LLC and the Shareholders of the Registrant.* |
10.3 | | Form of Investment Management Trust Agreement between American Stock Transfer & Trust Company and the Registrant.* |
10.4 | | Form of Stock Escrow Agreement between the Registrant, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company and the Initial Shareholders.* |
10.5 | | Form of Registration Rights Agreement among the Registrant and the Initial Shareholders.* |
10.6 | | Lease/Office Services Agreement by and among the Registrant and Ho Capital Management LLC** |
10.7 | | Form of Subscription Agreement between the Registrant and certain officers and directors of the Registrant.* |
10.8 | | Promissory Note in the amount of up to $500,000 issued to Ho Capital Management LLC.* |
10.9 | | Promissory Note in the amount of up to $500,000 issued by Ho Capital Management LLC to Noble Investment Fund Limited.* |
10.10 | | Letter Agreement among Noble Investment Fund Limited, Ho Capital Management LLC and Allius Ltd.* |
23.1 | | Consent of Tedder, James, Worden & Associates, P.A.* |
23.2 | | Consent of Maples and Calder (included in Exhibit 5.1).* |
24 | | Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Registration Statement).* |
99.1 | | Code of Ethics.* |
| ** | To be filed on amendment. |
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Item 9. Undertakings.
| (a) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: |
| (1) | To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
| (i) | To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; |
| (ii) | To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement. |
| (iii) | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement. |
| (2) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initialbona fideoffering thereof. |
| (3) | To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
| (4) | That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933 in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: |
| (i) | Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
| (ii) | Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
| (iii) | The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
| (iv) | Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. |
| (b) | The undersigned hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriter at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser. |
| (c) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the |
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| | payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
| (d) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that: |
| (1) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
| (2) | For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initialbona fideoffering thereof. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, on the 6th day of August, 2007.
ASIA SPECIAL SITUATION ACQUISITION CORP.
| By: | /s/ Gary T. Hirst
Dr. Gary T. Hirst Co-Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
| By: | /s/ Michael Hlavsa
Michael Hlavsa Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
We, the undersigned directors and officers of Asia Special Situation Acquisition Corp., do hereby constitute and appoint Stuart A. Sundlun and Dr. Gary T. Hirst, acting jointly, our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, to do any and all acts and things in our names and on our behalf in our capacities as directors and officers and to execute any and all instruments for us and in our name in the capacities indicated below, which said attorneys and agents may deem necessary or advisable to enable said corporation to comply with the Securities Act of 1933 and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in connection with this Registration Statement, or any registration statement for this offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, including specifically, but without limitation, power and authority to sign for us or any of us in names in the capacities indicated below, any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) hereto; and we do hereby ratify and confirm all that said attorneys and agents shall do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| | | | |
Name | | Position | | Date |
/s/ Angela Ho Angela Ho | | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors | | August 6, 2007 |
/s/ Gary T. Hirst Dr. Gary T. Hirst | | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director | | August 6, 2007 |
/s/ Stuart A. Sundlin Stuart A. Sundlun | | President and Director | | August 6, 2007 |
/s/ Michael Hlavsa Michael Hlavsa | | Chief Financial Officer and Director | | August 6, 2007 |
/s/ Peter Kjaer Peter Kjaer | | Director | | August 6, 2007 |
/s/ Arie Jan van Roon Arie Jan van Roon | | Director | | August 6, 2007 |
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