Segment Information | 10. SEGMENT INFORMATION ASC Subtopic 280-10, “Segment Reporting,” The CODM measures and evaluates reportable segments based on segment operating revenues as well as adjusted EBITDA and other measures. The Company excludes the following items from segment adjusted EBITDA: income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, provision for income taxes, other expense (income), net, depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, amortization of intangible assets and certain transactions or adjustments that the CODM does not consider for the purposes of making decisions to allocate resources among segments or to assess segment performance. Although these amounts are excluded from segment adjusted EBITDA, they are included in reported consolidated net income and are included in the reconciliation that follows. The Company’s computation of segment adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because all companies do not calculate segment adjusted EBITDA in the same fashion. Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining its operating results. Other expenses that are not directly attributable to a particular segment are allocated based upon allocation methodologies, including time estimates, headcount, sales targets, data center consumption and other relevant usage measures. Due to the integrated structure of our business, certain costs incurred by one segment may benefit other segments. A segment may use the content and data produced by another segment without incurring an arm’s length intersegment charge. The CODM does not review any information regarding total assets on an operating segment basis. Operating segments do not record intersegment revenue, and, accordingly, there is none to be reported. The accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as for MSCI as a whole. Effective in the quarter ended September 30, 2015, the Company has four operating segments: Index, Analytics, ESG and Real Estate. The Index operating segment is a provider of investment decision support tools, including equity indexes and equity index benchmarks. The products are used in many areas of the investment process, including portfolio construction and rebalancing, asset allocation, performance benchmarking and attribution, regulatory and client reporting and index-linked investment product creation. The Analytics operating segment consists of products and services used for portfolio construction, risk management and reporting. The products enable investors to monitor, analyze and report on the risk and return of investments across a variety of asset classes. They are based on proprietary, integrated fundamental multi-factor risk models, value-at-risk methodologies, performance attribution frameworks and asset valuation models. In addition, the Analytics segment includes products that help investors value, model and hedge physical assets and derivatives across a number of market segments, including energy and commodity assets. The ESG operating segment offers products institutional investors use for assessing risks and opportunities arising from environmental, social and governance issues. ESG tools are used to evaluate both individual securities and investment portfolios. The Real Estate operating segment is a provider of real estate performance analysis for funds, investors, managers, lenders and occupiers. It provides index products and offers services that include research, reporting and benchmarking. The operating segments of ESG and Real Estate do not meet the segment reporting thresholds and have been combined and presented as part of All Other for disclosure purposes. The following table presents operating revenue by the reportable segments’ results for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 2014 2015 2014 (in thousands) Operating revenues Index $ 141,577 $ 129,869 $ 415,262 $ 374,429 Analytics 108,341 103,247 322,756 308,661 All Other 18,853 18,545 64,102 62,485 Total $ 268,771 $ 251,661 $ 802,120 $ 745,575 The following table presents segment profitability and a reconciliation to net income for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2015 2014 2015 2014 (in thousands) Index adjusted EBITDA $ 102,927 $ 91,031 $ 293,997 $ 259,289 Analytics adjusted EBITDA 29,216 16,788 64,560 52,345 All Other adjusted EBITDA (3,282 ) (5,867 ) (3,774 ) (7,185 ) Total operating segment profitability 128,861 101,952 354,783 304,449 Amortization of intangible assets 11,710 11,574 35,107 34,286 Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements 8,049 6,342 23,321 18,091 Operating income 109,102 84,036 296,355 252,072 Other expense (income), net 10,060 4,040 32,237 14,462 Provision for income taxes 34,644 28,272 94,079 81,937 Income from continuing operations 64,398 51,724 170,039 155,673 Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes — (10 ) (5,797 ) 84,100 Net income $ 64,398 $ 51,714 $ 164,242 $ 239,773 Revenue by geography is based on the shipping address of the ultimate customer utilizing the product. The following table presents revenue by geographic area for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 2014 2015 2014 (in thousands) Operating revenues Americas: United States $ 128,770 $ 118,721 $ 384,443 $ 347,779 Other 10,817 9,171 31,047 27,961 Total Americas 139,587 127,892 415,490 375,740 Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”): United Kingdom 42,249 40,104 124,645 115,961 Other 52,564 52,067 162,873 160,695 Total EMEA 94,813 92,171 287,518 276,656 Asia & Australia: Japan 11,283 11,573 33,843 35,385 Other 23,088 20,025 65,269 57,794 Total Asia & Australia 34,371 31,598 99,112 93,179 Total $ 268,771 $ 251,661 $ 802,120 $ 745,575 Long-lived assets consist of property, equipment, leasehold improvements, goodwill and intangible assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area on the dates indicated: As of September 30, December 31, Long-lived assets (in thousands) Americas: United States $ 1,915,001 $ 1,944,433 Other 2,430 3,293 Total Americas 1,917,431 1,947,726 EMEA: United Kingdom 113,756 120,781 Other 16,262 13,345 Total EMEA 130,018 134,126 Asia & Australia: Japan 639 837 Other 9,906 9,917 Total Asia & Australia 10,545 10,754 Total $ 2,057,994 $ 2,092,606 |