Segment Information | 9. SEGMENT INFORMATION ASC Subtopic 280-10, “Segment Reporting,” The CODM measures and evaluates reportable segments based on segment operating revenues as well as Adjusted EBITDA and other measures. The Company excludes the following items from segment Adjusted EBITDA: income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes, provision for income taxes, other expense (income), net, depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, amortization of intangible assets and certain transactions or adjustments that the CODM does not primarily consider for the purposes of making decisions to allocate resources among segments or to assess segment performance. Although these amounts are excluded from segment Adjusted EBITDA, they are included in reported consolidated net income and are included in the reconciliation that follows. The Company’s computation of segment Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because all companies do not calculate segment adjusted EBITDA in the same fashion. Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining its operating results. Other expenses that are not directly attributable to a particular segment are allocated based upon various methodologies, including time estimates, headcount, sales targets, data center consumption and other relevant usage measures. Due to the integrated structure of our business, certain costs incurred by one segment may benefit other segments. A segment may use the content and data produced by another segment without incurring an arm’s-length intersegment charge. The CODM does not review any information regarding total assets on an operating segment basis. Operating segments do not record intersegment revenue, and, accordingly, there is none to be reported. The accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as for MSCI as a whole. The Company has four operating segments: Index, Analytics, ESG and Real Estate. The Index operating segment is a provider of investment decision support tools, including equity indexes and equity index benchmarks. The products are used in many areas of the investment process, including portfolio construction and rebalancing, asset allocation, performance benchmarking and attribution, regulatory and client reporting and index-linked investment product creation. The Analytics operating segment consists of products and services used for portfolio construction, risk management and reporting. The products enable institutional investors to monitor, analyze and report on the risk and return of investments across a variety of asset classes. They are based on proprietary, integrated fundamental multi-factor risk models, value-at-risk methodologies, performance attribution frameworks and asset valuation models. In addition, the Analytics segment includes products that help investors value, model and hedge physical assets and derivatives across a number of market segments, including energy and commodity assets. The ESG operating segment offers products institutional investors use for assessing risks and opportunities arising from environmental, social and governance issues. ESG tools are used to evaluate both individual securities and investment portfolios. The Real Estate operating segment is a provider of real estate performance analysis for funds, investors, managers, lenders and occupiers. It provides index products and offers services that include research, reporting and benchmarking. The operating segments of ESG and Real Estate do not individually meet the segment reporting thresholds and have been combined and presented as part of the All Other segment for disclosure purposes. The following table presents operating revenue by the reportable segment for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 (in thousands) Operating revenues Index $ 144,613 $ 133,554 Analytics 110,263 106,845 All Other 23,952 22,370 Total $ 278,828 $ 262,769 The following table presents segment profitability and a reconciliation to net income for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 (in thousands) Index Adjusted EBITDA $ 100,049 $ 93,053 Analytics Adjusted EBITDA 30,360 14,080 All Other Adjusted EBITDA 2,740 518 Total operating segment profitability 133,149 107,651 Amortization of intangible assets 11,840 11,702 Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements 8,168 7,207 Operating income 113,141 88,742 Other expense (income), net 22,364 11,082 Provision for income taxes 30,410 28,036 Income from continuing operations 60,367 49,624 Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes — (5,797 ) Net income $ 60,367 $ 43,827 Revenue by geography is based on the shipping address of the ultimate customer utilizing the product. The following table presents revenue for the periods indicated by geographic area: Three Months Ended March 31, Revenues 2016 2015 (in thousands) Americas: United States $ 137,645 $ 125,616 Other 10,582 9,855 Total Americas 148,227 135,471 Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”): United Kingdom 42,610 40,241 Other 53,439 54,929 Total EMEA 96,049 95,170 Asia & Australia: Japan 12,640 11,602 Other 21,912 20,526 Total Asia & Australia 34,552 32,128 Total $ 278,828 $ 262,769 Long-lived assets consist of property, equipment, leasehold improvements, goodwill and intangible assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The following table presents long-lived assets on the dates indicated by geographic area: As of March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Long-lived assets (in thousands) Americas: United States $ 1,905,066 $ 1,916,689 Other 2,171 2,279 Total Americas 1,907,237 1,918,968 EMEA: United Kingdom 106,851 110,261 Other 17,564 16,849 Total EMEA 124,415 127,110 Asia & Australia: Japan 540 570 Other 8,861 9,389 Total Asia & Australia 9,401 9,959 Total $ 2,041,053 $ 2,056,037 |