Segment Information | 9. SEGMENT INFORMATION ASC Subtopic 280-10, “Segment Reporting,” The CODM measures and evaluates reportable segments based on segment operating revenues as well as Adjusted EBITDA and other measures. The Company excludes the following items from segment Adjusted EBITDA: provision for income taxes, other expense (income), net, depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, amortization of intangible assets and certain transactions or adjustments that the CODM does not consider for the purposes of making decisions to allocate resources among segments or to assess segment performance. Although these amounts are excluded from segment Adjusted EBITDA, they are included in reported consolidated net income and are included in the reconciliation that follows. The Company’s computation of segment Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because all companies do not calculate segment Adjusted EBITDA in the same fashion. Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining its operating results. Other expenses that are not directly attributable to a particular segment are allocated based upon allocation methodologies, including time estimates, headcount, sales targets, data center consumption and other relevant usage measures. Due to the integrated structure of our business, certain costs incurred by one segment may benefit other segments. A segment may use the content and data produced by another segment without incurring an arm’s-length intersegment charge. The CODM does not review any information regarding total assets on an operating segment basis. Operating segments do not record intersegment revenue, and, accordingly, there is none to be reported. The accounting policies for segment reporting are the same as for MSCI as a whole. The Company has four operating segments: Index, Analytics, ESG and Real Estate. The Index operating segment is primarily a provider of equity indexes. The indexes are used in many areas of the investment process, including index-linked product creation and performance benchmarking, as well as portfolio construction and rebalancing and asset allocation. The Analytics operating segment uses analytical content to create products and services which offer institutional investors an integrated view of risk and return. Its research-enhanced products and services help institutional investors understand and control for market, credit, liquidity and counterparty risk across all major asset classes, spanning short, medium and long-term time horizons. The Analytics global risk and performance platform is built for scale, enabling clients to conduct complex calculations and stress tests. Analytics offers products and services that assist institutional investors with portfolio construction, risk management, performance attribution and regulatory reporting. The ESG operating segment offers products and services that help institutional investors understand how environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) factors can impact the long-term risk of their investments. In addition, the ESG operating segment’s data and ratings products are used in the construction of equity and fixed income indexes to help institutional investors benchmark ESG investment performance, issue index-based investment products, as well as manage, measure and report on ESG mandates. The Real Estate operating segment is a provider of real estate performance analysis for funds, investors, managers and lenders, as well as occupiers through the disposition of the Real Estate occupiers business. This segment provides products and offers services that include research, reporting and benchmarking. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company disposed of the Real Estate occupiers business. The operating segments of ESG and Real Estate do not individually meet the segment reporting thresholds and have been combined and presented as part of All Other for disclosure purposes. The following table presents operating revenue by reportable segment for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, 2017 2016 2017 2016 (in thousands) Operating revenues Index $ 177,156 $ 152,117 $ 340,591 $ 296,730 Analytics 113,367 112,393 225,787 222,656 All Other 25,566 26,086 50,918 50,038 Total $ 316,089 $ 290,596 $ 617,296 $ 569,424 The following table presents segment profitability and a reconciliation to net income for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, 2017 2016 2017 2016 (in thousands) Index Adjusted EBITDA $ 129,476 $ 106,518 $ 245,113 $ 206,567 Analytics Adjusted EBITDA 31,741 33,302 61,277 63,662 All Other Adjusted EBITDA 5,032 6,207 10,550 8,947 Total operating segment profitability 166,249 146,027 316,940 279,176 Amortization of intangible assets 11,122 11,943 22,373 23,783 Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements 9,159 8,393 17,997 16,561 Operating income 145,968 125,691 276,570 238,832 Other expense (income), net 28,457 25,147 57,434 47,511 Provision for income taxes 36,245 33,587 64,919 63,997 Net income $ 81,266 $ 66,957 $ 154,217 $ 127,324 Revenue by geography is based on the shipping address of the ultimate customer utilizing the product. The following table presents revenue by geographic area for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, 2017 2016 2017 2016 (in thousands) Revenues Americas: United States $ 155,997 $ 134,719 $ 300,835 $ 272,364 Other 11,298 11,388 22,952 21,970 Total Americas 167,295 146,107 323,787 294,334 Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"): United Kingdom 47,237 43,976 94,262 86,586 Other 63,786 63,435 124,088 116,874 Total EMEA 111,023 107,411 218,350 203,460 Asia & Australia: Japan 13,237 13,563 26,063 26,203 Other 24,534 23,515 49,096 45,427 Total Asia & Australia 37,771 37,078 75,159 71,630 Total $ 316,089 $ 290,596 $ 617,296 $ 569,424 Long-lived assets consist of property, equipment, leasehold improvements, goodwill and intangible assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area on the dates indicated: As of June 30, December 31, 2017 2016 (in thousands) Long-lived assets Americas: United States $ 1,854,391 $ 1,876,366 Other 1,881 1,543 Total Americas 1,856,272 1,877,909 EMEA: United Kingdom 91,999 89,466 Other 23,433 23,780 Total EMEA 115,432 113,246 Asia & Australia: Japan 279 357 Other 7,895 7,563 Total Asia & Australia 8,174 7,920 Total $ 1,979,878 $ 1,999,075 |