Segment Information | 12. SEGMENT INFORMATION The Company has five operating segments: Index, Analytics, ESG and Climate, Real Estate and The Burgiss Group, LLC (“Burgiss”), which are presented as the following four reportable segments: Index, Analytics, ESG and Climate and All Other – Private Assets. The Index operating segment offers equity and fixed income indexes. The indexes are used in many areas of the investment process, including indexed product creation (e.g., Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds, annuities, futures, options, structured products and over-the-counter derivatives), performance benchmarking, portfolio construction and rebalancing, and asset allocation. The Analytics operating segment offers risk management, performance attribution and portfolio management content, applications and services that provide clients with an integrated view of risk and return and tools for analyzing market, credit, liquidity, counterparty and climate risk across all major asset classes, spanning short-, medium- and long-term time horizons. Clients access Analytics tools and content through MSCI’s proprietary applications and application programming interfaces, third-party applications or directly through their own platforms. Additionally, the Analytics operating segment also provides various managed services to help clients operate more efficiently, including consolidation of client portfolio data from various sources, review and reconciliation of input data and results, and customized reporting. The ESG and Climate operating segment offers products and services that help institutional investors understand how ESG and climate considerations can impact the long-term risk and return of their portfolio and individual security-level investments. In addition, the ESG and Climate operating segment provides data, ratings, research and tools to help investors navigate increasing regulation, meet new client demands and better integrate ESG and climate elements into their investment processes The Real Estate operating segment offers real estate market and transaction data, benchmarks, return-analytics, climate assessments and market insights for funds, investors, managers and other real estate market participants. In addition, Real Estate performance and risk analytics range from enterprise-wide to property-specific analysis. The Real Estate operating segment also provides business intelligence products to real estate owners, managers, developers and brokers worldwide. The Burgiss operating segment represents the Company’s equity method investment in Burgiss, a global provider of investment decision support tools for private capital. The Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) measures and evaluates reportable segments based on segment operating revenues as well as Adjusted EBITDA and other measures. The Company excludes the following items from segment Adjusted EBITDA: provision for income taxes, other expense (income), net, depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, amortization of intangible assets and, at times, certain other transactions or adjustments, including certain non-recurring acquisition-related integration and transaction costs, that the CODM does not consider for the purposes of making decisions to allocate resources among segments or to assess segment performance. Although these amounts are excluded from segment Adjusted EBITDA, they are included in reported consolidated net income and are included in the reconciliation that follows. The following table presents operating revenues by reportable segment for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Operating revenues Index $ 330,759 $ 292,491 Analytics 139,797 134,017 ESG and Climate 52,029 34,750 All Other - Private Assets 37,360 17,165 Total $ 559,945 $ 478,423 The following table presents segment profitability and a reconciliation to net income for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Index Adjusted EBITDA $ 245,875 $ 219,879 Analytics Adjusted EBITDA 50,889 45,731 ESG and Climate Adjusted EBITDA 12,092 5,045 All Other - Private Assets Adjusted EBITDA 9,688 5,931 Total operating segment profitability 318,544 276,586 Amortization of intangible assets 21,720 15,068 Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements 6,534 7,143 Acquisition-related integration and transaction costs (1) 1,312 — Operating income 288,978 254,375 Other expense (income), net 40,035 38,347 Provision for income taxes 20,520 19,209 Net income $ 228,423 $ 196,819 (1) Incremental and non-recurring costs attributable to acquisitions directly related to the execution of the transaction and integration of the acquired business that have occurred no later than 12 months after the close of the transaction. Operating revenues by geography are based on the shipping address of the ultimate customer utilizing the product. The following table presents operating revenues by geographic area for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Operating revenues Americas: United States $ 233,356 $ 196,689 Other 22,467 20,173 Total Americas 255,823 216,862 Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"): United Kingdom 86,986 79,081 Other 131,573 106,194 Total EMEA 218,559 185,275 Asia & Australia: Japan 23,190 21,642 Other 62,373 54,644 Total Asia & Australia 85,563 76,286 Total $ 559,945 $ 478,423 Long-lived assets consist of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, right of use assets and internally developed capitalized software, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area on the dates indicated: As of March 31, December 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Long-lived assets Americas: United States $ 170,598 $ 167,870 Other 13,299 13,480 Total Americas 183,897 181,350 EMEA: United Kingdom 19,981 19,563 Other 29,434 34,240 Total EMEA 49,415 53,803 Asia & Australia: Japan 1,038 1,150 Other 29,590 31,873 Total Asia & Australia 30,628 33,023 Total $ 263,940 $ 268,176 |