Mortgage-Backed Securities | 3. Mortgage-Backed Securities The Company classifies its Non-Agency RMBS as senior, senior IO, subordinated, or subordinated IO. The Company also invests in residential and commercial Agency MBS. Senior interests in Non-Agency RMBS are considered to be entitled to the first principal repayments in their pro-rata ownership interests at the acquisition date. December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands) Principal or Notional Value Total Premium Total Discount Amortized Cost Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 3,651,869 $ 309 $ (1,553,317 ) $ 2,098,860 $ 2,826,121 $ 736,040 $ (8,779 ) $ 727,261 Senior, interest-only 5,426,029 268,515 - 268,515 234,171 18,113 (52,457 ) (34,344 ) Subordinated 762,466 23,635 (258,128 ) 527,975 604,295 83,896 (7,577 ) 76,319 Subordinated, interest-only 284,931 15,226 - 15,226 11,254 62 (4,035 ) (3,973 ) Agency MBS Residential 5,045,418 255,837 - 5,301,255 5,267,848 18,593 (52,001 ) (33,408 ) Commercial 952,091 24,815 (3,170 ) 973,736 973,787 8,052 (8,001 ) 51 Interest-only 6,722,472 280,073 - 280,073 273,189 2,756 (9,640 ) (6,884 ) $ 22,845,276 $ 868,410 $ (1,814,615 ) $ 9,465,640 $ 10,190,665 $ 867,512 $ (142,490 ) $ 725,022 December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Principal or Notional Value Total Premium Total Discount Amortized Cost Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 3,435,362 $ - $ (1,542,907 ) $ 1,892,455 $ 2,735,780 $ 843,680 $ (355 ) $ 843,325 Senior, interest-only 5,221,937 227,305 - 227,305 207,216 17,378 (37,467 ) (20,089 ) Subordinated 690,599 - (344,033 ) 346,566 454,348 108,091 (309 ) 107,782 Subordinated, interest-only 216,403 9,577 - 9,577 6,805 194 (2,966 ) (2,772 ) Agency MBS Residential 7,774,266 387,174 (1,624 ) 8,159,816 8,255,419 108,802 (13,199 ) 95,603 Interest-only 3,884,523 189,797 - 189,797 186,103 1,326 (5,020 ) (3,694 ) $ 21,223,090 $ 813,853 $ (1,888,564 ) $ 10,825,516 $ 11,845,671 $ 1,079,471 $ (59,316 ) $ 1,020,155 The table below presents changes in Accretable Yield, or the excess of the security’s cash flows expected to be collected over the Company’s investment, solely as it pertains to the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio accounted for according to the provisions of ASC 310-30. For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Balance at beginning of period $ 1,534,497 $ 1,794,577 Purchases 277,922 110,694 Accretion (249,898 ) (294,395 ) Reclassification (to) from non-accretable difference 238,348 123,181 Sales and deconsolidation (58,125 ) (199,560 ) Balance at end of period $ 1,742,744 $ 1,534,497 The table below presents the outstanding principal balance and related amortized cost at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 as it pertains to the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio accounted for according to the provisions of ASC 310-30. For the Year Ended For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Outstanding principal balance: Beginning of period $ 3,325,335 $ 3,949,664 End of period $ 3,550,698 $ 3,325,335 Amortized cost: Beginning of period $ 1,741,780 $ 2,027,738 End of period $ 1,958,726 $ 1,741,780 The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s RMBS by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. All securities in an unrealized loss position have been evaluated by the Company for OTTI as discussed in Note 2(d). December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands) Unrealized Loss Position for Less than 12 Months Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or More Total Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 294,520 $ (8,779 ) 20 $ - $ - - $ 294,520 $ (8,779 ) 20 Senior, interest-only $ 81,919 $ (18,715 ) 83 64,058 (33,742 ) 47 145,977 (52,457 ) 130 Subordinated $ 138,257 $ (7,577 ) 22 - - - 138,257 (7,577 ) 22 Subordinated, interest-only $ 6,455 $ (1,039 ) 1 3,635 (2,996 ) 2 10,090 (4,035 ) 3 Agency MBS Residential $ 4,468,717 $ (44,687 ) 116 290,926 (7,314 ) 4 4,759,643 (52,001 ) 120 Commercial $ 393,058 $ (7,969 ) 140 4,986 (32 ) 4 398,044 (8,001 ) 144 Interest-only $ 94,969 $ (3,457 ) 24 39,707 (6,183 ) 7 134,676 (9,640 ) 31 Total $ 5,477,895 $ (92,223 ) 406 $ 403,312 $ (50,267 ) 64 $ 5,881,207 $ (142,490 ) 470 December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Unrealized Loss Position for Less than 12 Months Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or More Total Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 29,789 $ (355 ) 3 $ - $ - - $ 29,789 $ (355 ) 3 Senior, interest-only 23,479 (3,066 ) 24 96,754 (34,401 ) 53 120,233 (37,467 ) 77 Subordinated 19,380 (7 ) 2 11,605 (302 ) 4 30,985 (309 ) 6 Subordinated, interest-only 4,373 (2,709 ) 2 1,074 (257 ) 2 5,447 (2,966 ) 4 Agency MBS Residential 219,808 (198 ) 7 701,442 (13,001 ) 11 921,250 (13,199 ) 18 Interest-only 112,014 (3,616 ) 12 10,467 (1,404 ) 3 122,481 (5,020 ) 15 Total $ 408,843 $ (9,951 ) 50 $ 821,342 $ (49,365 ) 73 $ 1,230,185 $ (59,316 ) 123 At December 31, 2015, the Company did not intend to sell any of its RMBS that were in an unrealized loss position, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these RMBS before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at their maturity. With respect to RMBS held by consolidated VIEs, the ability of any entity to cause the sale by the VIE prior to the maturity of these RMBS is either expressly prohibited, not probable, or is limited to specified events of default, none of which have occurred as of December 31, 2015. Gross unrealized losses on the Company’s Agency pass-through and Commercial Agency MBS were $60 million and $13 million as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Given the inherent credit quality of Agency MBS, the Company does not consider any of the current impairments on its Agency pass-through MBS to be credit related. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell any impaired security before its anticipated recovery, which may be at their maturity, the Company considers the significance of each investment, the amount of impairment, the projected future performance of such impaired securities, as well as the Company’s current and anticipated leverage capacity and liquidity position. Based on these analyses, the Company determined that at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, unrealized losses on its Agency MBS were temporary. Gross unrealized losses on the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS (excluding Non-Agency RMBS IO strips which are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings) were $16 million and $1 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Based upon the most recent evaluation, the Company does not consider these unrealized losses to be indicative of OTTI and does not believe that these unrealized losses are credit related, but rather are due to other factors. The Company has reviewed its Non-Agency RMBS that are in an unrealized loss position to identify those securities with losses that are other-than-temporary based on an assessment of changes in cash flows expected to be collected for such RMBS, which considers recent bond performance and expected future performance of the underlying collateral. A summary of the OTTI included in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 is presented below. For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 (dollars in thousands) Total other-than-temporary impairment losses $ (8,700 ) $ (8,713 ) $ (4,356 ) Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) (58,744 ) (55,279 ) (40,811 ) Net other-than-temporary credit impairment losses $ (67,444 ) $ (63,992 ) $ (45,167 ) The following table presents a roll forward of the credit loss component of OTTI on the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS for which a portion of loss was previously recognized in OCI. The table delineates between those securities that are recognizing OTTI for the first time as opposed to those that have previously recognized OTTI. For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 (dollars in thousands) Cumulative credit loss beginning balance $ 507,548 $ 524,432 $ 510,089 Additions: Other-than-temporary impairments not previously recognized 41,233 63,123 39,098 Reductions for securities sold or deconsolidated during the period (19,746 ) (61,854 ) (14,038 ) Increases related to other-than-temporary impairments on securities with previously recognized other-than-temporary impairments 26,138 869 6,069 Reductions for increases in cash flows expected to be collected over the remaining life of the securities (26,061 ) (19,022 ) (16,786 ) Cumulative credit impairment loss ending balance $ 529,112 $ 507,548 $ 524,432 Cash flows generated to determine net other-than-temporary credit impairment losses recognized in earnings are estimated using significant unobservable inputs. The significant inputs used to measure the component of OTTI recognized in earnings for the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS are summarized as follows: For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Loss Severity Weighted Average 57% 72% Range 0% - 92% 35% - 93% 60+ days delinquent Weighted Average 22% 30% Range 2% - 41% 0% - 47% Credit Enhancement (1) Weighted Average 8% 6% Range 0% - 67% 0% - 35% 3 Month CPR Weighted Average 9% 9% Range 3% - 27% 2% - 25% 12 Month CPR Weighted Average 8% 11% Range 3% - 20% 5% - 22% (1) Calculated as the combined credit enhancement to the Re-REMIC and underlying from each of their respective capital structures. The following tables present a summary of unrealized gains and losses at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. IO MBS included in the tables below represent the right to receive a specified portion of the contractual interest cash flows of the underlying principal balance of specific securities. At December 31, 2015, IO MBS had a net unrealized loss of $45 million and had an amortized cost of $564 million. At December 31, 2014, IO MBS had a net unrealized loss of $27 million and had an amortized cost of $427 million. The fair value of IOs at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 was $519 million, and $400 million, respectively. All changes in fair value of IOs are reflected in Net Income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Deficit Total Gross Unrealized Gain Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Deficit Total Gross Unrealized Loss Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 736,040 $ - $ 736,040 $ (8,779 ) $ - $ (8,779 ) Senior, interest-only - 18,113 18,113 - (52,457 ) (52,457 ) Subordinated 81,588 2,309 83,896 (1,971 ) (5,606 ) (7,577 ) Subordinated, interest-only - 62 62 - (4,035 ) (4,035 ) Agency MBS Residential 18,593 - 18,593 (52,001 ) - (52,001 ) Commercial 8,052 - 8,052 (8,001 ) - (8,001 ) Interest-only - 2,756 2,756 - (9,640 ) (9,640 ) Total $ 844,273 $ 23,240 $ 867,512 $ (70,752 ) $ (71,738 ) $ (142,490 ) December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Deficit Total Gross Unrealized Gain Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Deficit Total Gross Unrealized Loss Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 843,680 $ - $ 843,680 $ (355 ) $ - $ (355 ) Senior, interest-only - 17,378 17,378 - (37,467 ) (37,467 ) Subordinated 108,091 - 108,091 (309 ) - (309 ) Subordinated, interest-only - 194 194 - (2,966 ) (2,966 ) Agency MBS Residential 108,802 - 108,802 (13,199 ) - (13,199 ) Interest-only - 1,326 1,326 - (5,020 ) (5,020 ) Total $ 1,060,573 $ 18,898 $ 1,079,471 $ (13,863 ) $ (45,453 ) $ (59,316 ) Changes in prepayments, actual cash flows, and cash flows expected to be collected, among other items, are affected by the collateral characteristics of each asset class. The Company chooses assets for the portfolio after carefully evaluating each investment’s risk profile. The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s RMBS portfolio at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. December 31, 2015 Principal or Notional Value at Period-End (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Amortized Cost Basis Weighted Average Fair Value Weighted Average Coupon Weighted Average Yield at Period-End (1) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 3,651,869 $ 57.47 $ 77.39 3.8 % 13.7 % Senior, interest-only 5,426,029 4.95 4.32 1.7 % 12.9 % Subordinated 762,466 69.25 79.26 3.2 % 8.8 % Subordinated, interest-only 284,931 5.34 3.95 1.2 % 10.9 % Agency MBS Residential pass-through 5,045,418 105.07 104.41 3.7 % 2.8 % Commercial pass-through 952,091 102.27 102.28 3.4 % 2.9 % Interest-only 6,722,472 4.17 4.06 0.8 % 3.4 % (1) Bond Equivalent Yield at period end. December 31, 2014 Principal or Notional Value at Period-End (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Amortized Cost Basis Weighted Average Fair Value Weighted Average Coupon Weighted Average Yield at Period-End (1) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 3,435,362 $ 55.09 $ 79.63 4.3 % 15.9 % Senior, interest-only 5,221,937 4.35 3.97 1.6 % 14.4 % Subordinated 690,599 50.18 65.79 3.1 % 10.6 % Subordinated, interest-only 216,403 4.43 3.14 0.9 % 9.2 % Agency MBS Pass-through 7,774,266 104.96 106.19 4.0 % 3.2 % Interest-only 3,884,523 4.89 4.79 0.9 % 3.1 % (1) Bond Equivalent Yield at period end. The following table presents the weighted average credit rating, based on the lowest rating available, of the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 AAA 0.5% 0.9% AA 0.4% 0.4% A 0.8% 0.0% BBB 0.4% 0.4% BB 5.2% 1.9% B 3.0% 5.6% Below B or not rated 89.7% 90.8% Total 100.0% 100.0% Actual maturities of MBS are generally shorter than the stated contractual maturities. Actual maturities of the Company’s MBS are affected by the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages, periodic payments of principal and prepayments of principal. The following tables provide a summary of the fair value and amortized cost of the Company’s MBS at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 according to their estimated weighted-average life classifications. The weighted-average lives of the MBS in the tables below are based on lifetime expected prepayment rates using an industry prepayment model for the Agency MBS portfolio and the Company’s prepayment assumptions for the Non-Agency RMBS. The prepayment model considers current yield, forward yield, steepness of the interest rate curve, current mortgage rates, mortgage rates of the outstanding loan, loan age, margin, and volatility. December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Life Less than one year Greater than one year and less than five years Greater than five years and less than ten years Greater than ten years Total Fair value Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ - $ 374,462 $ 1,629,564 $ 822,095 $ 2,826,121 Senior interest-only 1,458 41,862 123,538 67,313 234,171 Subordinated 2,229 108,728 212,003 281,335 604,295 Subordinated interest-only - - 11,254 - 11,254 Agency MBS Residential - 150,357 5,117,491 - 5,267,848 Commercial - - 29,176 944,611 973,787 Interest-only - 106,069 161,413 5,707 273,189 Total fair value $ 3,687 $ 781,478 $ 7,284,439 $ 2,121,060 $ 10,190,665 Amortized cost Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ - $ 281,255 $ 1,235,528 $ 582,077 $ 2,098,860 Senior interest-only 2,440 59,823 135,359 70,893 268,515 Subordinated 2,208 86,728 168,403 270,636 527,975 Subordinated interest-only - - 15,226 - 15,226 Agency MBS Residential - 149,111 5,152,144 - 5,301,255 Commercial - - 29,156 944,580 973,736 Interest-only - 106,708 167,646 5,719 280,073 Total amortized cost $ 4,648 $ 683,625 $ 6,903,462 $ 1,873,905 $ 9,465,640 December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Life Less than one year Greater than Greater than Greater than Total Fair value Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 1,656 $ 306,309 $ 1,678,226 $ 749,589 $ 2,735,780 Senior interest-only 515 60,403 110,800 35,498 207,216 Subordinated - 80,414 245,438 128,496 454,348 Subordinated interest-only - - 5,447 1,358 6,805 Agency MBS Residential - 4,237,658 3,781,890 235,871 8,255,419 Interest-only - 82,994 103,109 - 186,103 Total fair value $ 2,171 $ 4,767,778 $ 5,924,910 $ 1,150,812 $ 11,845,671 Amortized cost Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 1,205 $ 255,009 $ 1,129,932 $ 506,309 $ 1,892,455 Senior interest-only 1,294 65,291 124,996 35,724 227,305 Subordinated - 58,448 188,502 99,616 346,566 Subordinated interest-only - - 8,413 1,164 9,577 Agency MBS Residential - 4,173,986 3,750,831 234,999 8,159,816 Interest-only - 83,659 106,138 - 189,797 Total amortized cost $ 2,499 $ 4,636,393 $ 5,308,812 $ 877,812 $ 10,825,516 The Non-Agency RMBS portfolio is subject to credit risk. The Company seeks to mitigate credit risk through its asset selection process. The Non-Agency RMBS portfolio is primarily collateralized by what the Company classifies as Alt-A first lien mortgages. An Alt-A mortgage is a type of U.S. mortgage that, for various reasons, is considered riskier than A-paper, or prime, and less risky than subprime, the riskiest category. Alt-A interest rates, which are determined by credit risk, therefore tend to be between those of prime and subprime home loans. Typically, Alt-A mortgages are characterized by borrowers with less than full documentation, lower credit scores and higher loan-to-value ratios. The Company defines Alt-A mortgage securities as Non-Agency RMBS where (i) the underlying collateral has weighted average FICO scores between 680 and 720 or (ii) for instances where FICO scores are greater than 720, RMBS have 30% or less of the underlying collateral composed of full documentation loans. At December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, 64% and 65% of the Non-Agency RMBS collateral was classified as Alt-A, respectively. At December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, 17% and 24% of the Non-Agency RMBS collateral was classified as prime, respectively. The remaining Non-Agency RMBS collateral is classified as sub-prime. The Non-Agency RMBS in the Portfolio have the following collateral characteristics at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Weighted average maturity (years) 22.0 22.5 Weighted average amortized loan to value (1) 67.9% 67.5% Weighted average FICO (2) 671 679 Weighted average loan balance (in thousands) $ 330 $ 332 Weighted average percentage owner occupied 82.7% 83.0% Weighted average percentage single family residence 65.9% 65.5% Weighted average current credit enhancement 2.4% 1.7% Weighted average geographic concentration of top four states CA 30.4% CA 31.7% FL 8.0% FL 8.4% NY 8.0% NY 7.8% NJ 2.5% NJ 2.9% (1) Value represents appraised value of the collateral at the time of loan origination. (2) FICO as determined at the time of loan origination. The table below presents the origination year of the underlying loans related to the Company’s portfolio of Non-Agency RMBS at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Origination Year December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 1998 0.0% 0.0% 1999 0.1% 0.2% 2000 0.6% 0.6% 2001 1.6% 2.1% 2002 0.5% 0.4% 2003 2.2% 2.5% 2004 3.7% 3.9% 2005 21.7% 20.4% 2006 32.9% 28.5% 2007 34.2% 37.6% 2008 1.9% 2.1% 2013 0.5% 0.9% 2014 0.1% 0.8% 2015 0.0% 0.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Gross realized gains and losses are recorded in “Net realized gains (losses) on sales of investments” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. The proceeds and gross realized gains and gross realized losses from sales of investments for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows: For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 (dollars in thousands) Proceeds from sales $ 6,244,613 $ 4,036,033 $ 1,079,649 Gross realized gains 94,618 98,656 72,946 Gross realized losses (17,544 ) (6,947 ) (4,839 ) Net realized gain $ 77,074 $ 91,709 $ 68,107 Included in the gross realized gains for the year ended December 31, 2015 are exchanges of securities with a fair value of $95 million, where the Company exchanged its investment in a re-remic security for the underlying collateral supporting the group related to the exchanged asset. These exchanges were treated as non-cash sales and purchases and resulted in a realized gain of $24 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 reflected in earnings. For the year ended December 31, 2014 the fair value of these exchanges of securities was $89 million and resulted in realized gain of $23 million. |