Mortgage-Backed Securities | Mortgage-Backed Securities The Company classifies its Non-Agency RMBS as senior, senior IO, subordinated, or subordinated IO. The Company also invests in Agency residential, commercial and IO MBS. Senior interests in Non-Agency RMBS are considered to be entitled to the first principal repayments in their pro-rata ownership interests at the acquisition date. The tables below present amortized cost, fair value and unrealized gain/losses of Company's MBS investments as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Principal or Notional Value Total Premium Total Discount Amortized Cost Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 2,264,168 $ 814 $ (1,036,612 ) $ 1,228,370 $ 1,879,292 $ 651,273 $ (351 ) $ 650,922 Senior, interest-only 6,649,398 292,233 — 292,233 295,897 55,124 (51,460 ) 3,664 Subordinated 723,303 9,434 (286,212 ) 446,525 511,879 66,020 (666 ) 65,354 Subordinated, interest-only 213,940 9,706 — 9,706 12,299 2,775 (182 ) 2,593 Agency MBS Residential 8,458,870 193,919 — 8,652,789 8,786,850 146,606 (12,545 ) 134,061 Commercial 3,036,622 63,292 (5,100 ) 3,094,814 3,216,671 123,557 (1,700 ) 121,857 Interest-only 2,795,851 153,619 — 153,619 151,054 1,598 (4,163 ) (2,565 ) Total $ 24,142,152 $ 723,017 $ (1,327,924 ) $ 13,878,056 $ 14,853,942 $ 1,046,953 $ (71,067 ) $ 975,886 December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Principal or Notional Value Total Premium Total Discount Amortized Cost Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 2,386,049 $ 537 $ (1,112,368 ) $ 1,274,218 $ 1,943,124 $ 669,356 $ (450 ) $ 668,906 Senior, interest-only 5,667,198 286,942 — 286,942 254,890 31,123 (63,175 ) (32,052 ) Subordinated 394,037 8,642 (179,669 ) 223,010 276,467 53,702 (245 ) 53,457 Subordinated, interest-only 221,549 9,932 — 9,932 11,649 2,000 (283 ) 1,717 Agency MBS Residential 8,984,249 221,606 — 9,205,855 9,174,382 51,986 (83,459 ) (31,473 ) Commercial 2,895,679 61,727 (4,469 ) 2,952,937 2,881,222 6,303 (78,018 ) (71,715 ) Interest-only 3,028,572 136,026 — 136,026 133,346 1,986 (4,666 ) (2,680 ) Total $ 23,577,333 $ 725,412 $ (1,296,506 ) $ 14,088,920 $ 14,675,080 $ 816,456 $ (230,296 ) $ 586,160 The table below presents changes in accretable yield, or the excess of the security’s cash flows expected to be collected over the Company’s investment, solely as it pertains to the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio accounted for according to the provisions of ASC 310-30. For the Quarters Ended For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands) Balance at beginning of period $ 1,198,506 $ 1,293,996 $ 1,248,309 $ 1,303,590 Purchases — 5,734 — 5,734 Yield income earned (55,602 ) (57,786 ) (111,592 ) (117,517 ) Reclassification (to) from non-accretable difference 38,469 31,471 45,162 81,496 Sales and deconsolidation — (6,775 ) (506 ) (6,663 ) Balance at end of period $ 1,181,373 $ 1,266,640 $ 1,181,373 $ 1,266,640 The table below presents the outstanding principal balance and related amortized cost at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 as it pertains to the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio accounted for according to the provisions of ASC 310-30. For the Six Months Ended For the Year Ended June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Outstanding principal balance: Beginning of period $ 2,325,154 $ 2,673,350 End of period $ 2,176,289 $ 2,325,154 Amortized cost: Beginning of period $ 1,158,291 $ 1,381,839 End of period $ 1,084,810 $ 1,158,291 The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s RMBS by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . All securities in an unrealized loss position have been evaluated by the Company for OTTI. June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Unrealized Loss Position for Less than 12 Months Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or More Total Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ — $ — — $ 32,445 $ (351 ) 1 $ 32,445 $ (351 ) 1 Senior, interest-only 38,157 (15,482 ) 23 75,976 (35,978 ) 69 114,133 (51,460 ) 92 Subordinated 24,467 (407 ) 3 1,747 (259 ) 11 26,214 (666 ) 14 Subordinated, interest-only 2,585 (182 ) 3 — — — 2,585 (182 ) 3 Agency MBS Residential 287,950 (868 ) 3 954,437 (11,677 ) 37 1,242,387 (12,545 ) 40 Commercial 37,646 (169 ) 2 92,341 (1,531 ) 7 129,987 (1,700 ) 9 Interest-only 85,479 (1,625 ) 14 15,962 (2,538 ) 9 101,441 (4,163 ) 23 Total $ 476,284 $ (18,733 ) 48 $ 1,172,908 $ (52,334 ) 134 $ 1,649,192 $ (71,067 ) 182 December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Unrealized Loss Position for Less than 12 Months Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or More Total Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ — $ — — $ 33,303 $ (450 ) 1 $ 33,303 $ (450 ) 1 Senior, interest-only 34,236 (4,276 ) 29 95,108 (58,899 ) 91 129,344 (63,175 ) 120 Subordinated 13,404 (245 ) 7 — — 8 13,404 (245 ) 15 Subordinated, interest-only 2,104 (158 ) 2 303 (125 ) 1 2,407 (283 ) 3 Agency MBS Residential 779,322 (6,220 ) 17 1,809,566 (77,239 ) 114 2,588,888 (83,459 ) 131 Commercial 1,697,555 (56,382 ) 548 504,570 (21,636 ) 183 2,202,125 (78,018 ) 731 Interest-only 5,769 (48 ) 2 41,659 (4,618 ) 17 47,428 (4,666 ) 19 Total $ 2,532,390 $ (67,329 ) 605 $ 2,484,509 $ (162,967 ) 415 $ 5,016,899 $ (230,296 ) 1,020 At June 30, 2019 , the Company did not intend to sell any of its RMBS that were in an unrealized loss position, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these RMBS before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at their maturity. With respect to RMBS held by consolidated VIEs, the ability of any entity to cause the sale by the VIE prior to the maturity of these RMBS is either expressly prohibited, not probable, or is limited to specified events of default, none of which have occurred as of June 30, 2019 . Gross unrealized losses on the Company’s Agency residential and commercial MBS (excluding Agency MBS which are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings) were $7 million and $95 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively. Given the inherent credit quality of Agency MBS, the Company does not consider any of the current impairments on its Agency MBS to be credit related. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell any impaired security before its anticipated recovery, which may be at their maturity, the Company considers the significance of each investment, the amount of impairment, the projected future performance of such impaired securities, as well as the Company’s current and anticipated leverage capacity and liquidity position. Based on these analyses, the Company determined that at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , unrealized losses on its Agency MBS were temporary. Gross unrealized losses on the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS (excluding Non-Agency RMBS which are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings) were $505 thousand and $601 thousand at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , respectively. Based upon the most recent evaluation, the Company does not consider these unrealized losses to be indicative of OTTI and does not believe that these unrealized losses are credit related, but rather are due to other factors. The Company has reviewed its Non-Agency RMBS that are in an unrealized loss position to identify those securities with losses that are other-than-temporary based on an assessment of changes in cash flows expected to be collected for such RMBS, which considers recent bond performance and expected future performance of the underlying collateral. A summary of the OTTI included in earnings for the quarters and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are presented below. For the Quarters Ended For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands) Total other-than-temporary impairment losses $ — $ (805 ) $ (801 ) $ (1,099 ) Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) — (8,326 ) (4,052 ) (9,190 ) Net other-than-temporary credit impairment losses $ — $ (9,131 ) $ (4,853 ) $ (10,289 ) The following table presents a roll forward of the credit loss component of OTTI on the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS for which a portion of loss was recognized in OCI. The table delineates between those securities that are recognizing OTTI for the first time as opposed to those that have previously recognized OTTI. For the Quarters Ended For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Cumulative credit loss beginning balance $ 591,282 $ 586,056 $ 587,199 $ 591,521 Additions: Other-than-temporary impairments not previously recognized — — 1,479 1,140 Reductions for securities sold or deconsolidated during the period — (4,775 ) — (4,948 ) Increases related to other-than-temporary impairments on securities with previously recognized other-than-temporary impairments — 9,131 3,375 9,149 Reductions for increases in cash flows expected to be collected over the remaining life of the securities (3,504 ) (7,751 ) (4,275 ) (14,201 ) Cumulative credit impairment loss ending balance $ 587,778 $ 582,661 $ 587,778 $ 582,661 Cash flows generated to determine net other-than-temporary credit impairment losses recognized in earnings are estimated using significant unobservable inputs. The significant inputs used to measure the component of OTTI recognized in earnings for the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS for the periods reported are summarized as follows: For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 Loss Severity Weighted Average 69% 66% Range 53% - 102% 34% - 132% 60+ days delinquent Weighted Average 8% 23% Range 2% - 18% 16% - 30% Credit Enhancement (1) Weighted Average 0% 32% Range 0% - 0% 0% - 55% 3 Month CPR Weighted Average 8% 10% Range 3% - 21% 0% - 39% 12 Month CPR Weighted Average 9% 8% Range 3% - 12% 1% - 20% (1) Calculated as the combined credit enhancement to the Re-REMIC and underlying from each of their respective capital structures. The following tables present a summary of unrealized gains and losses at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Gain Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Loss Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 650,653 $ 620 $ 651,273 $ (351 ) $ — $ (351 ) Senior, interest-only — 55,124 55,124 — (51,460 ) (51,460 ) Subordinated 55,039 10,981 66,020 (155 ) (511 ) (666 ) Subordinated, interest-only — 2,775 2,775 — (182 ) (182 ) Agency MBS Residential 4,990 141,616 146,606 (4,895 ) (7,650 ) (12,545 ) Commercial 35,509 88,048 123,557 (1,700 ) — (1,700 ) Interest-only — 1,598 1,598 — (4,163 ) (4,163 ) Total $ 746,191 $ 300,762 $ 1,046,953 $ (7,101 ) $ (63,966 ) $ (71,067 ) December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Gain Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Loss Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 669,356 $ — $ 669,356 $ (450 ) $ — $ (450 ) Senior, interest-only — 31,123 31,123 — (63,175 ) (63,175 ) Subordinated 50,235 3,467 53,702 (151 ) (94 ) (245 ) Subordinated, interest-only — 2,000 2,000 — (283 ) (283 ) Agency MBS Residential 1,708 50,278 51,986 (59,552 ) (23,907 ) (83,459 ) Commercial 811 5,492 6,303 (35,125 ) (42,893 ) (78,018 ) Interest-only — 1,986 1,986 — (4,666 ) (4,666 ) Total $ 722,110 $ 94,346 $ 816,456 $ (95,278 ) $ (135,018 ) $ (230,296 ) Changes in prepayments, actual cash flows, and cash flows expected to be collected, among other items, are affected by the collateral characteristics of each asset class. The Company chooses assets for the portfolio after carefully evaluating each investment’s risk profile. The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s MBS portfolio at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . June 30, 2019 Principal or Notional Value Weighted Average Amortized Weighted Average Fair Value Weighted Average Weighted Average Yield at Period-End (1) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 2,264,168 $ 54.25 83.00 5.1 % 19.4 % Senior, interest-only 6,649,398 4.39 4.45 1.1 % 8.3 % Subordinated 723,303 61.73 70.77 3.6 % 7.8 % Subordinated, interest-only 213,940 4.54 5.75 1.2 % 16.3 % Agency MBS Residential pass-through 8,458,870 102.29 103.88 4.0 % 3.4 % Commercial pass-through 3,036,622 101.92 105.93 3.6 % 3.5 % Interest-only 2,795,851 5.49 5.40 1.1 % 5.5 % (1) Bond Equivalent Yield at period end. December 31, 2018 Principal or Notional Value at Period-End Weighted Average Amortized Weighted Average Fair Value Weighted Average Weighted Average Yield at Period-End (1) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 2,386,049 $ 53.40 $ 81.44 5.0 % 19.5 % Senior, interest-only 5,667,198 5.06 4.50 1.2 % 8.4 % Subordinated 394,037 56.60 70.16 4.0 % 9.9 % Subordinated, interest-only 221,549 4.48 5.26 1.1 % 16.4 % Agency MBS Residential pass-through 8,984,249 102.47 102.12 4.0 % 3.6 % Commercial pass-through 2,895,679 101.98 99.50 3.6 % 3.4 % Interest-only 3,028,572 4.49 4.40 0.8 % 4.3 % (1) Bond Equivalent Yield at period end. The following table presents the weighted average credit rating of the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 AAA 0.6 % 0.5 % AA 0.1 % 0.1 % A 0.4 % 0.3 % BBB 1.4 % 0.4 % BB 3.6 % 3.6 % B 1.5 % 1.1 % Below B or not rated 92.4 % 94.0 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Actual maturities of MBS are generally shorter than the stated contractual maturities. Actual maturities of the Company’s MBS are affected by the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages, periodic payments of principal and prepayments of principal. The following tables provide a summary of the fair value and amortized cost of the Company’s MBS at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 according to their estimated weighted-average life classifications. The weighted-average lives of the MBS in the tables below are based on lifetime expected prepayment rates using an industry prepayment model for the Agency MBS portfolio and the Company’s prepayment assumptions for the Non-Agency RMBS. The prepayment model considers current yield, forward yield, steepness of the interest rate curve, current mortgage rates, mortgage rates of the outstanding loan, loan age, margin, and volatility. June 30, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Life Less than one year Greater than one year and less than five years Greater than five years and less than ten years Greater than ten years Total Fair value Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 6,540 $ 330,911 $ 939,511 $ 602,330 $ 1,879,292 Senior interest-only 1,324 62,876 99,185 132,512 295,897 Subordinated — 32,432 107,962 371,485 511,879 Subordinated interest-only — — 10,296 2,003 12,299 Agency MBS Residential — 7,998,920 782,046 5,884 8,786,850 Commercial 18,387 — 29,391 3,168,893 3,216,671 Interest-only 111,723 21,430 17,901 — 151,054 Total fair value $ 137,974 $ 8,446,569 $ 1,986,292 $ 4,283,107 $ 14,853,942 Amortized cost Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 6,515 $ 247,659 $ 596,934 $ 377,262 $ 1,228,370 Senior interest-only 2,133 72,768 95,007 122,325 292,233 Subordinated — 22,855 89,540 334,130 446,525 Subordinated interest-only — — 7,595 2,111 9,706 Agency MBS Residential — 7,868,385 778,504 5,900 8,652,789 Commercial 18,229 — 29,167 3,047,418 3,094,814 Interest-only 112,421 23,856 17,342 — 153,619 Total amortized cost $ 139,298 $ 8,235,523 $ 1,614,089 $ 3,889,146 $ 13,878,056 December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Life Less than one year Greater than one year and less than five years Greater than five years and less than ten years Greater than ten years Total Fair value Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 7,611 $ 357,543 $ 946,536 $ 631,434 $ 1,943,124 Senior interest-only 1,189 38,407 96,401 118,893 254,890 Subordinated — 39,825 43,744 192,898 276,467 Subordinated interest-only — 303 9,321 2,025 11,649 Agency MBS Residential — 640,713 8,524,211 9,458 9,174,382 Commercial — 15,468 28,205 2,837,549 2,881,222 Interest-only 65,675 48,580 19,091 — 133,346 Total fair value $ 74,475 $ 1,140,839 $ 9,667,509 $ 3,792,257 $ 14,675,080 Amortized cost Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 7,522 $ 277,025 $ 585,187 $ 404,484 $ 1,274,218 Senior interest-only 2,250 46,944 111,538 126,210 286,942 Subordinated — 29,487 26,036 167,487 223,010 Subordinated interest-only — 428 7,358 2,146 9,932 Agency MBS Residential — 645,368 8,550,766 9,721 9,205,855 Commercial — 15,543 29,447 2,907,947 2,952,937 Interest-only 64,185 53,076 18,765 — 136,026 Total amortized cost $ 73,957 $ 1,067,871 $ 9,329,097 $ 3,617,995 $ 14,088,920 The Non-Agency RMBS portfolio is subject to credit risk. The Non-Agency RMBS portfolio is primarily collateralized by Alt-A first lien mortgages. An Alt-A mortgage is a type of U.S. mortgage that, for various reasons, is considered riskier than A-paper, or prime, and less risky than subprime, the riskiest category. Alt-A interest rates, which are determined by credit risk, therefore tend to be between those of prime and subprime home loans. Typically, Alt-A mortgages are characterized by borrowers with less than full documentation, lower credit scores and higher loan-to-value ratios. At origination of the loan, Alt-A mortgage securities are defined as Non-Agency RMBS where (i) the underlying collateral has weighted average FICO scores between 680 and 720 or (ii) the FICO scores are greater than 720 and RMBS have 30% or less of the underlying collateral composed of full documentation loans. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , 73% and 71% of the Non-Agency RMBS collateral was classified as Alt-A, respectively. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , 9% and 12% of the Non-Agency RMBS collateral was classified as prime, respectively. The remaining Non-Agency RMBS collateral is classified as subprime. The Non-Agency RMBS in the Portfolio have the following collateral characteristics at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Weighted average maturity (years) 22.9 21.3 Weighted average amortized loan to value (1) 63.5 % 62.9 % Weighted average FICO (2) 714 708 Weighted average loan balance (in thousands) $ 294 $ 308 Weighted average percentage owner occupied 86.5 % 85.7 % Weighted average percentage single family residence 60.7 % 63.8 % Weighted average current credit enhancement 1.2 % 1.4 % Weighted average geographic concentration of top four states CA 32.9 % CA 33.8 % FL 7.1 % FL 7.7 % NY 6.6 % NY 7.4 % TX 2.2 % NJ 2.1 % (1) Value represents appraised value of the collateral at the time of loan origination. (2) FICO as determined at the time of loan origination. The table below presents the origination year of the underlying loans related to the Company’s portfolio of Non-Agency RMBS at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 . Origination Year June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 2003 and prior 1.4 % 1.3 % 2004 1.6 % 1.7 % 2005 11.5 % 12.9 % 2006 52.9 % 49.8 % 2007 27.3 % 31.0 % 2008 and later 5.3 % 3.3 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Gross realized gains and losses are recorded in “Net realized gains (losses) on sales of investments” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The proceeds and gross realized gains and gross realized losses from sales of investments for the quarters and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows: For the Quarters Ended For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands) Proceeds from sales $ 426,188 $ 32,551 $ 1,935,469 $ 32,551 Gross realized gains 128 4,383 27,425 4,383 Gross realized losses (7,654 ) (2,216 ) (26,348 ) (2,216 ) Net realized gain (loss) $ (7,526 ) $ 2,167 $ 1,077 $ 2,167 Included in the gross realized gains for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2018 in the table above are exchanges of securities with a fair value of $22 million . The Company exchanged its investment in a re-REMIC security for the underlying collateral supporting the group related to the exchanged asset. These exchanges were treated as non-cash sales and purchases and resulted in a realized gain of $2 million , reflected in earnings for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2018 . There were no such exchanges during the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2019 . |