Mortgage-Backed Securities | Mortgage-Backed Securities The Company classifies its Non-Agency RMBS as senior, subordinated, or Interest-only. The Company also invests in Agency MBS which it classifies as Agency RMBS to include residential and residential interest-only MBS and Agency CMBS to include commercial and commercial interest-only MBS. Senior interests in Non-Agency RMBS are generally entitled to the first principal repayments in their pro-rata ownership interests at the acquisition date. The tables below present amortized cost, allowance for credit losses, fair value and unrealized gain/losses of Company's MBS investments as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Principal or Notional Value Total Premium Total Discount Amortized Cost Allowance for credit losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 1,924,284 $ 1,870 $ (922,847 ) $ 1,003,307 $ (5,410 ) $ 1,420,224 $ 424,613 $ (2,286 ) $ 422,327 Subordinated 900,396 8,496 (341,888 ) 567,004 (904 ) 528,178 42,782 (80,704 ) (37,922 ) Interest-only 6,931,077 287,092 — 287,092 — 225,998 41,151 (102,245 ) (61,094 ) Agency RMBS Pass-through — — — — — — — — — Interest-only 1,484,016 135,180 — 135,180 — 105,644 — (29,536 ) (29,536 ) Agency CMBS Project loans 2,506,241 49,294 (4,878 ) 2,550,657 — 2,786,527 235,985 (115 ) 235,870 Interest-only 1,764,487 47,163 — 47,163 — 46,189 1,614 (2,588 ) (974 ) Total $ 15,510,501 $ 529,095 $ (1,269,613 ) $ 4,590,403 $ (6,314 ) $ 5,112,760 $ 746,145 $ (217,474 ) $ 528,671 December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Principal or Notional Value Total Premium Total Discount Amortized Cost Fair Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Net Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 2,024,564 $ 2,038 $ (953,916 ) $ 1,072,686 $ 1,700,911 $ 628,518 $ (293 ) $ 628,225 Subordinated 876,592 9,915 (332,913 ) 553,594 624,598 76,272 (5,268 ) 71,004 Interest-only 7,458,653 301,170 — 301,170 288,899 51,481 (63,752 ) (12,271 ) Agency RMBS Pass-through 6,080,547 131,023 — 6,211,570 6,362,626 152,271 (1,215 ) 151,056 Interest-only 1,539,941 139,536 — 139,536 127,667 220 (12,089 ) (11,869 ) Agency CMBS Project loans 2,621,938 52,681 (4,961 ) 2,669,658 2,801,692 132,700 (666 ) 132,034 Interest-only 1,817,246 51,140 — 51,140 49,025 586 (2,701 ) (2,115 ) Total $ 22,419,481 $ 687,503 $ (1,291,790 ) $ 10,999,354 $ 11,955,418 $ 1,042,048 $ (85,984 ) $ 956,064 The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s Agency and Non-Agency MBS by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . All available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position have been evaluated by the Company for current expected credit losses. March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Unrealized Loss Position for Less than 12 Months Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or More Total Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 85,768 $ (2,286 ) 14 $ — $ — — $ 85,768 $ (2,286 ) 14 Subordinated 407,971 (80,429 ) 32 1,435 (275 ) 10 409,406 (80,704 ) 42 Interest-only 75,692 (35,469 ) 97 43,493 (66,776 ) 66 119,185 (102,245 ) 163 Agency RMBS Pass-through — — — — — — — — — Interest-only 104,396 (28,624 ) 23 1,250 (912 ) 1 105,646 (29,536 ) 24 Agency CMBS Project loans — — — 39,863 (115 ) 3 39,863 (115 ) 3 Interest-only 2,333 (196 ) 3 8,809 (2,392 ) 7 11,142 (2,588 ) 10 Total $ 676,160 $ (147,004 ) 169 $ 94,850 $ (70,470 ) 87 $ 771,010 $ (217,474 ) 256 December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Unrealized Loss Position for Less than 12 Months Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or More Total Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Estimated Fair Value Unrealized Losses Number of Positions Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ — $ — — $ 31,635 $ (293 ) 1 $ 31,635 $ (293 ) 1 Subordinated 69,178 (5,064 ) 9 1,836 (204 ) 11 71,014 (5,268 ) 20 Interest-only 50,376 (22,737 ) 46 64,129 (41,015 ) 66 114,505 (63,752 ) 112 Agency RMBS Pass-through 11,398 (605 ) 4 67,552 (610 ) 5 78,950 (1,215 ) 9 Interest-only 121,228 (12,089 ) 22 — — — 121,228 (12,089 ) 22 Agency CMBS Project loans 41,971 (277 ) 3 44,896 (389 ) 4 86,867 (666 ) 7 Interest-only 15,045 (295 ) 6 9,930 (2,406 ) 7 24,975 (2,701 ) 13 Total $ 309,196 $ (41,067 ) 90 $ 219,978 $ (44,917 ) 94 $ 529,174 $ (85,984 ) 184 At March 31, 2020 , the Company did not intend to sell any of its Agency and Non-Agency MBS that were in an unrealized loss position, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these MBS before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at their maturity. With respect to RMBS held by consolidated VIEs, the ability of any entity to cause the sale by the VIE prior to the maturity of these RMBS is either expressly prohibited, not probable, or is limited to specified events of default, none of which have occurred as of March 31, 2020 . Gross unrealized losses on the Company’s Agency MBS (excluding Agency MBS which are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings) were $115 thousand and $1 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , respectively. Given the inherent credit quality of Agency MBS, the Company does not consider any of the current impairments on its Agency MBS to be credit related. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell any impaired security before its anticipated recovery, which may be at their maturity, the Company considers the significance of each investment, the amount of impairment, the projected future performance of such impaired securities, as well as the Company’s current and anticipated leverage capacity and liquidity position. Based on these analyses, the Company determined that at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , unrealized losses on its Agency MBS were temporary. Gross unrealized losses on the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS (excluding Non-Agency RMBS which are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings), net of any allowance for credit losses, was $9 million at March 31, 2020. After evaluating the securities and recording the allowance for credit losses, we concluded that the remaining unrealized losses reflected above were non-credit related and would be recovered from the securities' estimated future cash flows. We considered a number of factors in reaching this conclusion, including that we did not intend to sell the securities, it was not considered more likely than not that we would be forced to sell the securities prior to recovering the amortized cost, and there were no material credit events that would have caused us to otherwise conclude that we would not recover the amortized cost. Credit losses are calculated by comparing the estimated future cash flows of each security discontinued at the yield determined as of the initial acquisition date or, if since revised, as of the last date previously revised, to the net amortized cost basis. Significant judgment is used in projecting cash flows for Non-Agency RMBS. Gross unrealized losses on the Company's Non-Agency RMBS (excluding Non-Agency RMBS which are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings), was $348 thousand at December 31, 2019 . Based upon the most recent evaluation, the Company does not consider these unrealized losses to be indicative of other-than-temporary and does not believe that these unrealized losses are credit related, but rather are due to other factors. The Company has reviewed its Non-Agency RMBS that are in an unrealized loss position to identify those securities with losses that are credit related based on an assessment of changes in cash flows expected to be collected for such RMBS, which considers recent bond performance and expected future performance of the underlying collateral. A summary of the credit loss allowance for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 is presented below. For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Beginning balance of the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities at the beginning of period $ — Transition impact from CECL standard — Additions to the allowance for credit losses on securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded (6,314 ) Allowance on purchased financial assets with credit deterioration — Reductions for the securities sold during the period — Write-offs charged against the allowance — Recoveries of amounts previously written off — Ending balance of the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities at the end of period $ (6,314 ) The following table presents significant credit quality indicators used for the credit loss allowance on our Non-Agency RMBS investments as of March 31, 2020. For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Prepay Rate CDR Loss Severity Amortized Cost Weighted Average Weighted Average Weighted Average Non-Agency RMBS Senior 165,966,737 6.0% 3.1% 50.8% Subordinated 55,410,172 7.5% 0.9% 39.0% The increase in the allowance for credit losses is primarily due to increased expected losses and delinquencies. In addition, the decline in fair value on certain Non-Agency RMBS positions which had previously been in an unrealized gain position as of the prior year end, and are now in an unrealized loss position as of the end of the current period. These Non-Agency RMBS positions now in an unrealized loss have resulted in the recognition of an allowance for credit losses which was previously limited by unrealized gains on these investments. The following tables present a summary of unrealized gains and losses at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Gain Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Loss Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 424,613 $ — $ 424,613 $ (2,286 ) $ — $ (2,286 ) Subordinated 35,815 6,967 42,782 (6,817 ) (73,887 ) (80,704 ) Interest-only — 41,151 41,151 — (102,245 ) (102,245 ) Agency RMBS Pass-through — — — — — — Interest-only — — — — (29,536 ) (29,536 ) Agency CMBS Project loans 51,281 184,704 235,985 (115 ) — (115 ) Interest-only — 1,614 1,614 — (2,588 ) (2,588 ) Total $ 511,709 $ 234,436 $ 746,145 $ (9,218 ) $ (208,256 ) $ (217,474 ) December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Gain Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Gain Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Gross Unrealized Loss Included in Cumulative Earnings Total Gross Unrealized Loss Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 628,518 $ — $ 628,518 $ (293 ) $ — $ (293 ) Subordinated 57,174 19,098 76,272 (55 ) (5,213 ) (5,268 ) Interest-only — 51,481 51,481 — (63,752 ) (63,752 ) Agency RMBS Pass-through — 152,271 152,271 — (1,215 ) (1,215 ) Interest-only — 220 220 — (12,089 ) (12,089 ) Agency CMBS Project loans 23,643 109,057 132,700 (651 ) (15 ) (666 ) Interest-only — 586 586 — (2,701 ) (2,701 ) Total $ 709,335 $ 332,713 $ 1,042,048 $ (999 ) $ (84,985 ) $ (85,984 ) Changes in prepayments, actual cash flows, and cash flows expected to be collected, among other items, are affected by the collateral characteristics of each asset class. The Company chooses assets for the portfolio after carefully evaluating each investment’s risk profile. The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s MBS portfolio at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . March 31, 2020 Principal or Notional Value Weighted Average Amortized Weighted Average Fair Value Weighted Average Weighted Average Yield at Period-End (1) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 1,924,284 $ 52.14 73.81 4.8 % 17.3 % Subordinated 900,396 62.97 58.66 3.8 % 6.8 % Interest-only 6,931,077 4.14 3.26 1.3 % 11.5 % Agency RMBS Interest-only 1,484,016 9.11 7.12 1.6 % 4.1 % Agency CMBS Project loans 2,506,241 101.77 111.18 3.8 % 3.6 % Interest-only 1,764,487 2.67 2.62 0.6 % 4.8 % (1) Bond Equivalent Yield at period end. December 31, 2019 Principal or Notional Value at Period-End Weighted Average Amortized Weighted Average Fair Value Weighted Average Weighted Average Yield at Period-End (1) Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 2,024,564 $ 52.98 $ 84.01 5.0 % 20.8 % Subordinated 876,592 63.15 71.25 3.7 % 6.9 % Interest-only 7,458,653 4.04 3.87 1.1 % 8.4 % Agency RMBS Pass-through 6,080,547 102.15 104.64 4.0 % 3.4 % Interest-only 1,539,941 9.06 8.29 1.6 % 4.0 % Agency CMBS Project loans 2,621,938 101.82 106.86 3.7 % 3.6 % Interest-only 1,817,246 2.81 2.70 0.7 % 4.7 % (1) Bond Equivalent Yield at period end. The following table presents the weighted average credit rating of the Company’s Non-Agency RMBS portfolio at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 AAA 0.7 % 0.4 % AA 0.1 % 0.1 % A 1.0 % 0.9 % BBB 1.7 % 1.6 % BB 3.9 % 3.8 % B 1.5 % 1.6 % Below B or not rated 91.1 % 91.6 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Actual maturities of MBS are generally shorter than the stated contractual maturities. Actual maturities of the Company’s MBS are affected by the contractual lives of the underlying mortgages, periodic payments of principal and prepayments of principal. The following tables provide a summary of the fair value and amortized cost of the Company’s MBS at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 according to their estimated weighted-average life classifications. The weighted-average lives of the MBS in the tables below are based on lifetime expected prepayment rates using an industry prepayment model for the Agency MBS portfolio and the Company’s prepayment assumptions for the Non-Agency RMBS. The prepayment model considers current yield, forward yield, steepness of the interest rate curve, current mortgage rates, mortgage rates of the outstanding loan, loan age, margin, and volatility. March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Life Less than one year Greater than one year and less than five years Greater than five years and less than ten years Greater than ten years Total Fair value Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 9,861 $ 344,239 $ 559,033 $ 507,091 $ 1,420,224 Subordinated — 29,670 112,528 385,980 528,178 Interest-only — 113,900 109,067 3,031 225,998 Agency RMBS Pass-through — — — — — Interest-only — 1,250 104,394 — 105,644 Agency CMBS Project loans 14,951 — 31,252 2,740,324 2,786,527 Interest-only 2,333 39,945 3,911 — 46,189 Total fair value $ 27,145 $ 529,004 $ 920,185 $ 3,636,426 $ 5,112,760 Amortized cost Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 9,961 $ 273,374 $ 369,124 $ 350,848 $ 1,003,307 Subordinated — 21,487 111,344 434,173 567,004 Interest-only 1,752 145,034 137,145 3,161 287,092 Agency RMBS Pass-through — — — — — Interest-only — 2,162 133,018 — 135,180 Agency CMBS Project loans 14,981 — 28,646 2,507,030 2,550,657 Interest-only 2,529 40,879 3,755 — 47,163 Total amortized cost $ 29,223 $ 482,936 $ 783,032 $ 3,295,212 $ 4,590,403 December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Weighted Average Life Less than one year Greater than one year and less than five years Greater than five years and less than ten years Greater than ten years Total Fair value Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 16,343 $ 450,185 $ 676,382 $ 558,001 $ 1,700,911 Subordinated — 43,796 95,973 484,829 624,598 Interest-only — 126,631 159,057 3,211 288,899 Agency RMBS Pass-through — 5,939,408 421,539 1,679 6,362,626 Interest-only — 1,614 126,053 — 127,667 Agency CMBS Project loans 15,065 — 29,385 2,757,242 2,801,692 Interest-only — 20,528 28,497 — 49,025 Total fair value $ 31,408 $ 6,582,162 $ 1,536,886 $ 3,804,962 $ 11,955,418 Amortized cost Non-Agency RMBS Senior $ 15,206 $ 304,850 $ 409,958 $ 342,672 $ 1,072,686 Subordinated — 29,085 86,033 438,476 553,594 Interest-only — 150,221 148,889 2,060 301,170 Agency RMBS Pass-through — 5,796,044 414,482 1,044 6,211,570 Interest-only — 2,260 137,276 — 139,536 Agency CMBS Project loans 15,084 — 28,954 2,625,620 2,669,658 Interest-only — 22,950 28,190 — 51,140 Total amortized cost $ 30,290 $ 6,305,410 $ 1,253,782 $ 3,409,872 $ 10,999,354 The Non-Agency RMBS portfolio is subject to credit risk. The Non-Agency RMBS portfolio is primarily collateralized by Alt-A first lien mortgages. An Alt-A mortgage is a type of U.S. mortgage that, for various reasons, is considered riskier than A-paper, or prime, and less risky than subprime, the riskiest category. Alt-A interest rates, which are determined by credit risk, therefore tend to be between those of prime and subprime home loans. Typically, Alt-A mortgages are characterized by borrowers with less than full documentation, lower credit scores and higher loan-to-value ratios. At origination of the loan, Alt-A mortgage securities are defined as Non-Agency RMBS where (i) the underlying collateral has weighted average FICO scores between 680 and 720 or (ii) the FICO scores are greater than 720 and RMBS have 30% or less of the underlying collateral composed of full documentation loans. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , 58% of the Non-Agency RMBS collateral was classified as Alt-A, based on fair value. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , 13% and 12% of the Non-Agency RMBS collateral was classified as prime, respectively, based on fair value. The remaining Non-Agency RMBS collateral is classified as subprime. The Non-Agency RMBS in the Portfolio have the following collateral characteristics at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Weighted average maturity (years) 23.3 23.6 Weighted average amortized loan to value (1) 62.7 % 63.2 % Weighted average FICO (2) 718 719 Weighted average loan balance (in thousands) $ 308 $ 313 Weighted average percentage owner occupied 81.1 % 80.6 % Weighted average percentage single family residence 60.3 % 60.0 % Weighted average current credit enhancement 0.9 % 1.1 % Weighted average geographic concentration of top four states CA 33.4 % CA 32.5 % FL 6.9 % FL 6.6 % NY 6.8 % NY 6.3 % TX 2.1 % TX 2.0 % (1) Value represents appraised value of the collateral at the time of loan origination. (2) FICO as determined at the time of loan origination. The table below presents the origination year of the underlying loans related to the Company’s portfolio of Non-Agency RMBS at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 . Origination Year March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 2003 and prior 1.1 % 1.3 % 2004 1.7 % 1.5 % 2005 10.9 % 10.7 % 2006 52.5 % 52.9 % 2007 26.8 % 26.6 % 2008 and later 7.0 % 7.0 % Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Gross realized gains and losses are recorded in “Net realized gains (losses) on sales of investments” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The proceeds and gross realized gains and gross realized losses from sales of investments for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Proceeds from sales: Non-Agency RMBS 33,797 4,430 Agency RMBS 5,710,134 1,482,369 Agency CMBS 105,017 22,482 Gross realized gains: Non-Agency RMBS 1,256 285 Agency RMBS 74,264 27,012 Agency CMBS 6,150 — Gross realized losses: Non-Agency RMBS — (1,320 ) Agency RMBS (5,816 ) (15,149 ) Agency CMBS — (2,225 ) Net realized gain (loss) $ 75,854 $ 8,603 During the quarter ended March 31, 2020, the Company transferred Non-Agency RMBS investments with a market value of $135 million to a third party. As part of the transfer, the Company purchased an option to re-acquire these assets for a fixed price at a future date. This transfer was accounted for as a secured borrowing within the Repurchase agreements on the Statement of Financial Condition. |