3. Stockholders' Equity | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT | ' |
Stockholders' Equity | ' |
Common Stock |
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In March 2014, the Company sold an aggregate of 2,960,000 units in a registered direct offering at a purchase price of $2.50 per unit. Each unit consisted of one share of the Company’s common stock and 0.35 of a warrant, each to purchase one share of the Company’s common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $3.10 per share, are exercisable commencing six months from the date of issuance, and have a term of five years from the date of exercisability. However, a holder is prohibited from exercising a warrant if, as a result of such exercise, the holder, together with its affiliates, would own more than 3.99% or 4.99%, at the holder’s election, of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock then issued and outstanding. The Company received net proceeds of $6,723,248. |
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During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, stock options to purchase 275,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised resulting in gross proceeds of $213,650 to the Company. |
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During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, an aggregate of 140,000 shares of the Series C-1 non-voting preferred stock were converted into 1,400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. |
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During the quarter ended March 31, 2014, warrants to purchase 887,292 shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised on a cashless basis resulting in the issuance of 751,689 shares of the Company’s common stock. |
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Preferred Stock |
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In January 2014, the Company sold to various investors 200,000 shares of Series C-3 preferred stock, together with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,000,000. The Series C-3 preferred stock and the related warrants were sold together at a price of $10.00 per share for each share of Series C-3 preferred stock. The Series C-3 preferred stock has rights, privileges and terms that are identical to the Company’s Series C-1 and C-2 non-voting convertible preferred stock. Each share of Series C-3 preferred stock is convertible into 10 shares of common stock at any time at the holder’s option at a conversion price of $1.00 per share. However, the holder is prohibited from converting Series C-3 preferred stock into shares of common stock if, as a result of such conversion, the holder, together with its affiliates, would own more than 9.99% of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock then issued and outstanding. The warrants are exercisable one year after issuance, have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, subject to adjustment, and a term of five years from the date they are first exercisable. However, a holder is prohibited from exercising a warrant if, as a result of such exercise, the holder, together with its affiliates, would own more than 4.99% or 9.99%, at the holder’s election, of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock then issued and outstanding. Included in this financing is the settlement of an aggregate amount of $645,458 in accruals and payables owed to ND Partners, the Company’s CEO for his 2013 salary, and a consultant. The Company received net proceeds of $1,318,884. |
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Due to the existence of downround provisions, the conversion features of the Series C-3 stock and the associated warrants are liability classified and are valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model. On the issuance date, the estimated value of the conversion features and warrants was $1,398,158 and $655,574, respectively. |
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In January 2014, outstanding Series C-1 preferred stock of 140,000 shares was converted into 1,400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock which resulted in the reclassification of the derivative liability to equity in the amount of $2,447,384. |
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In February 2014, the downround protection of Series C-2 and Series C-3 preferred stock was eliminated pursuant to its terms resulting in the reclassification of the derivative liability to equity in the amount of $6,235,398. |
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The Company used a Monte Carlo simulation model to separately value the conversion options associated with the preferred stock instruments and the warrants issued in connection with the preferred stock. A summary of the key assumptions used in the Monte Carlo models are as follows: |
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Stock price – Due to the historical volatility of the stock price, a one month volume-weighted average stock price was used as of each valuation date. |
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Conversion/redemption strike price – These assumptions incorporate both the initial contractual conversion price as well as subsequent downward adjustments (wherever applicable) based on management’s estimate of the probabilities of additional future financings that would include a stock price or conversion price that is lower than the then existing conversion price. |
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Volatility – The Company used a weighted average of 1) the historical volatility of the stock of CorMedix for approximately three-years, 2) the volatility used for prior period valuations 3) the volatilities of comparable companies (provided by the management) from the date product approval is received to the various valuation dates. Then, appropriate weights were applied to these data points to arrive at the weighted average historical volatility. The concluded volatility is assumed to remain constant for all the valuation dates. |
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Term – Although the preferred Series C, D and E instruments do not have a specified contracted life, the Company has assumed a five year life from the date of inception for the purpose of the valuations, indicating that these instruments would expire in October 2018 at which point the holder would convert the investments into equity. |
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Risk-free Rate – The US Treasury Bond Rate with a term approximating the term of the instrument was used as the risk-free interest rate in the valuation. |
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Credit adjusted discount rate – Management believes that its debt, if rated, would be equivalent to Moody’s C rated bonds or lower. |
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Dividend rate - Management does not expect to pay any dividends during the term of the hybrid instrument. |
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Stock Options |
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During the three months ended March 31 2014, the Company granted to its officers and directors ten-year non-qualified stock options under the 2013 Plan, covering an aggregate of 900,000 shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price of $2.02 per share. Of these options, 750,000 vested on the date of grant and the remaining 150,000 options vest one year after the grant date. |
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During the three months ended March 31, 2014, total compensation expense for stock options issued to employees, directors, officers and consultants was $1,415,244. For the three months ended March 31, 2013 compensation expense was $70,764 offset by the reversal of $88,687 of previously recognized expense related to stock options forfeited and for the period from July 28, 2006 (inception) to March 31, 2014, compensation expense recorded was $5,359,618. |
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The Company records compensation expense associated with stock options and other forms of equity compensation using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the following assumptions: |
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| Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
31-Mar-14 | 31-Mar-13 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expected Term | 5 – 9.75 years | 5 years | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Volatility | 96% - 113% | 118% - 131% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividend yield | 0.00% | 0.00% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Risk-free interest rate | 1.51% - 2.88% | 0.81% - 1.96% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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The Company estimated the expected term of the stock options granted based on anticipated exercises in future periods. The expected term of the stock options granted to consultants is based upon the contractual terms established within agreements with the Company. Given the Company’s short period of publicly-traded stock history, management’s estimate of expected volatility is based on the average expected volatilities of a sampling of five companies with similar attributes to the Company, including: industry, stage of life cycle, size and financial leverage. The Company will continue to analyze the expected stock price volatility and expected term assumptions as more historical data for the Company’s common stock becomes available. The expected dividend yield of 0.0% reflects the Company’s current and expected future policy for dividends on the Company’s common stock. To determine the risk-free interest rate, the Company utilized the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant with a term consistent with the expected term of the Company’s awards. The Company has experienced forfeitures of stock options issued to its former officers, board member and employees. Consistent with its historical forfeiture experience, the Company has applied a forfeiture rate of approximately 32% and 39% to calculate stock option expense for the three month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The Company will continue to evaluate the estimated forfeiture rate derived from previous forfeitures of officers, directors and employees and may adjust the forfeiture rate based upon actual forfeitures that may occur in the future. |
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A summary of the Company’s stock options activity and related information is as follows: |
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| | Three Months Ended | | | Three Months Ended | |
31-Mar-14 | 31-Mar-13 |
| | Shares | | | Weighted | | | Shares | | | Weighted | |
Average | Average |
Exercise | Exercise |
Price | Price |
Outstanding at beginning of period | | | 3,453,630 | | | $ | 1.06 | | | | 2,135,630 | | | $ | 1.26 | |
Exercised | | | (275,000 | ) | | $ | 0.78 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Forfeited | | | - | | | | - | | | | (237,333 | ) | | $ | 1.61 | |
Expired | | | (274,630 | ) | | $ | 3.16 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Granted | | | 900,000 | | | $ | 2.05 | | | | 1,400,000 | | | $ | 0.9 | |
Outstanding at end of period | | | 3,804,000 | | | $ | 1.16 | | | | 3,298,297 | | | $ | 1.08 | |
Options exercisable | | | 2,765,000 | | | $ | 1.19 | | | | 878,297 | | | $ | 1.91 | |
Expected to vest | | | 706,520 | | | $ | 1.08 | | | | 1,476,200 | | | $ | 0.78 | |
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period | | | | | | $ | 1.49 | | | | | | | $ | 0.77 | |
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The weighted average remaining contractual life of stock options outstanding and expected to vest at March 31, 2014 is 8.56 years. The weighted average remaining contractual life of stock options exercisable at March 31, 2014 is 8.31 years. The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise prices of the underlying options and the quoted closing price of the common stock of the Company at March 31, 2014 for those options that have an exercise price below the quoted closing price. As of March 31, 2014, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised and outstanding is $415,350 and $5,127,540, respectively. |
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As of March 31, 2014, the total compensation expense related to non-vested options not yet recognized totaled $651,299. The weighted-average vesting period over which the total compensation expense related to non-vested options not yet recognized at March 31, 2014 was approximately 0.73 years. |
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Warrants |
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The following table is the summary of warrants outstanding at March 31, 2014: |
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| | Number of Warrants | | | Exercise Price | | Expiration Date | | | | | | | |
Issued to co-placement agents in connection with | | | 18,250 | | | | 7.84 | | | | | | | | | |
previous convertible note financings | 10/29/14 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with 2009 private placement | | | 503,034 | | | | 3.4375 | | 10/29/14 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with IPO | | | 4,043,569 | | | | 3.4375 | | 3/24/15 | | | | | | | |
Issued to IPO underwriters that, if exercised, would result | | | 4,812 | | | | 3.90 | | | | | | | | | |
in the issuance of an additional 4,812 shares of | | | | | | | | |
common stock and warrants to purchase an additional | | | | | | | | |
2,406 shares of common stock | 3/24/15 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with September 20, 2012 sale of | | | 1,687,500 | | | | 0.4 | | | | | | | | | |
convertible notes | 9/20/17 | | | | | | | |
Issued to placement agent in connection with September | | | 795 | | | | 0.4 | | | | | | | | | |
20, 2012 sale of convertible notes | 9/20/17 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with November 13, 2012 sale of | | | 25,000 | | | | 0.4 | | | | | | | | | |
convertible notes | 11/13/17 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with February 2013 sale of Series A | | | 400,000 | | | | 1.5 | | | | | | | | | |
convertible preferred stock | 2/19/18 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with license agreement amendment | | | 125,000 | | | | 1.5 | | 4/11/18 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with July 2013 sale of Series B | | | 227,273 | | | | 1.5 | | | | | | | | | |
convertible preferred stock | 7/30/18 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with May 2013 sale of convertible | | | 1,000,000 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
notes, which funded in July 2013 | 5/30/19 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with October 2013 sale of Series C-1 | | | 1,500,000 | | | | 1.25 | | | | | | | | | |
and Series C-2 convertible preferred stock | 10/22/19 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with January 2014 sale of Series C-3 | | | 1,000,000 | | | | 1.25 | | | | | | | | | |
convertible preferred stock | 1/8/20 | | | | | | | |
Issued in connection with March 2014 sale of common | | | 1,036,000 | | | | 3.1 | | | | | | | | | |
stock | 9/10/19 | | | | | | | |
Total warrants outstanding at March 31, 2014 | | | 11,571,233 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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