FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at fair value by fair value hierarchy level: As of June 30, 2021 Level I Level II Level III Total Cost Assets U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value $ 1,492,112 $ — $ — $ 1,492,112 $ 1,492,104 Investments, at fair value: Investment in Athene Holding — 3,208,968 — 3,208,968 2,092,247 Other investments 37,365 45,835 389,787 (1) 472,987 391,178 Total investments, at fair value 37,365 3,254,803 389,787 3,681,955 2,483,425 Investments of VIEs, at fair value 5,321 1,534,816 11,877,952 13,418,089 Investments of VIEs, valued using NAV — — — 241,542 Total investments of VIEs, at fair value 5,321 1,534,816 11,877,952 13,659,631 Total Assets $ 1,534,798 $ 4,789,619 $ 12,267,739 $ 18,833,698 Liabilities Debt of VIEs, at fair value $ — $ 893,650 $ 7,183,638 $ 8,077,288 Other liabilities of VIEs, at fair value — 4,060 22,536 26,596 Contingent consideration obligations (3) — — 128,984 128,984 Other liabilities (4) 51,389 — — 51,389 Total Liabilities $ 51,389 $ 897,710 $ 7,335,158 $ 8,284,257 As of December 31, 2020 Level I Level II Level III Total Cost Assets U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value $ 1,816,958 $ — $ — $ 1,816,958 $ 1,816,635 Investments, at fair value: Investment in Athene Holding — 1,942,574 — 1,942,574 2,092,247 Other investments — 48,088 369,772 (1) 417,860 354,010 Total investments, at fair value — 1,990,662 369,772 2,360,434 2,446,257 Investments of VIEs, at fair value 2,558 2,140,135 10,962,980 13,105,673 Investments of VIEs, valued using NAV — — — 210,343 Total investments of VIEs, at fair value 2,558 2,140,135 10,962,980 13,316,016 Derivative assets (2) — 17 — 17 Total Assets $ 1,819,516 $ 4,130,814 $ 11,332,752 $ 17,493,425 Liabilities Debt of VIEs, at fair value $ — $ 1,580,097 $ 7,080,418 $ 8,660,515 Other liabilities of VIEs, at fair value — 3,874 20,202 24,076 Contingent consideration obligations (3) — — 119,788 119,788 Derivative liabilities (2) — 100 — 100 Total Liabilities $ — $ 1,584,071 $ 7,220,408 $ 8,804,479 (1) Other investments as of June 30, 2021 a nd December 31, 2020 excludes $93.3 million and $44.4 million, respectively, of performance allocations classified as Level III related to certain investments for which the Company has elected the fair value option. The Company’s policy is to account for performance allocations as investments. (2) Derivative assets and derivative liabilities are presented as a component of Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. (3) Profit sharing payable includes contingent obligations classified as Level III. (4) Other liabilities includes the publicly traded warrants of APSG and APSG II. The following tables summarize the changes in financial assets measured at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value: For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Other Investments Investments of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 381,277 $ 11,947,443 $ 12,328,720 Transfer out due to deconsolidation — (229,717) (229,717) Purchases — 692,073 692,073 Sales of investments/distributions (3,235) (557,994) (561,229) Net realized gains 3 7,087 7,090 Changes in net unrealized gains 9,137 19,746 28,883 Cumulative translation adjustment 2,605 4,807 7,412 Transfer into Level III (1) — 7,219 7,219 Transfer out of Level III (1) — (12,712) (12,712) Balance, End of Period $ 389,787 $ 11,877,952 $ 12,267,739 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities related to investments still held at reporting date $ 9,137 $ — $ 9,137 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date — 66,050 66,050 For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Other Investments Investments of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 118,112 $ 7,640,903 $ 7,759,015 Purchases 128,551 530,348 658,899 Sale of investments/distributions (966) (154,724) (155,690) Settlements — (252,776) (252,776) Net realized gains 966 1,355 2,321 Changes in net unrealized gains 16,443 308,146 324,589 Cumulative translation adjustment 4,521 7,637 12,158 Transfer into Level III (1) — 1,706 1,706 Transfer out of Level III (1) (274) (67,015) (67,289) Balance, End of Period $ 267,353 $ 8,015,580 $ 8,282,933 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities related to investments still held at reporting date $ 16,442 $ — $ 16,442 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date — 70,639 70,639 For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Other Investments Investments of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 369,772 $ 10,962,980 $ 11,332,752 Transfer out due to deconsolidation — (229,717) (229,717) Purchases — 1,682,423 1,682,423 Sale of investments/distributions (3,235) (805,933) (809,168) Net realized gains 1,068 12,975 14,043 Changes in net unrealized gains 29,116 332,147 361,263 Cumulative translation adjustment (7,640) (14,248) (21,888) Transfer into Level III (1) 706 9,885 10,591 Transfer out of Level III (1) — (72,560) (72,560) Balance, End of Period $ 389,787 $ 11,877,952 $ 12,267,739 Change in net unrealized gains included in principal investment income related to investments still held at reporting date $ 29,116 $ — $ 29,116 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date — 198,957 198,957 For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Other Investments Investments of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 113,410 $ 321,069 $ 434,479 Transfer in due to consolidation — 7,794,128 7,794,128 Purchases 159,955 859,580 1,019,535 Sale of investments/distributions (9,378) (183,877) (193,255) Settlements — (437,948) (437,948) Net realized gains 1,751 121 1,872 Changes in net unrealized losses (1,181) (334,556) (335,737) Cumulative translation adjustment 3,070 (3,784) (714) Transfer into Level III (1) — 70,636 70,636 Transfer out of Level III (1) (274) (69,789) (70,063) Balance, End of Period $ 267,353 $ 8,015,580 $ 8,282,933 Change in net unrealized losses included in principal investment income related to investments still held at reporting date $ (1,181) $ — $ (1,181) Change in net unrealized losses included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date — (47,303) (47,303) (1) Transfers between Level II and III were a result of subjecting the broker quotes on these financial assets to various criteria which include the number and quality of broker quotes, the standard deviation of obtained broker quotes and the percentage deviation from external pricing services. The following table summarizes the changes in fair value in financial liabilities measured at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value: For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Contingent Consideration Obligations Debt and Other Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 113,222 $ 7,317,250 $ 7,430,472 Issuances — 101,871 101,871 Repayments (792) (227,251) (228,043) Net realized losses — 10,239 10,239 Changes in net unrealized (gains) losses (1) 16,554 (8,346) 8,208 Cumulative translation adjustment — 12,214 12,214 Transfer into Level III (2) — 197 197 Balance, End of Period $ 128,984 $ 7,206,174 $ 7,335,158 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to debt and other liabilities still held at reporting date $ — $ (5,559) $ (5,559) For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Contingent Consideration Obligations Debt and Other Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 76,700 $ 3,795,866 $ 3,872,566 Issuances — 213,828 213,828 Repayments (219) (18,750) (18,969) Net realized losses — 3,459 3,459 Changes in net unrealized losses (1) 22,616 255,950 278,566 Cumulative translation adjustment — 8,394 8,394 Balance, End of Period $ 99,097 $ 4,258,747 $ 4,357,844 Change in net unrealized losses included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to debt and other liabilities still held at reporting date $ — $ 172,730 $ 172,730 For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Contingent Consideration Obligations Debt and Other Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 119,788 $ 7,100,620 $ 7,220,408 Issuances — 311,408 311,408 Repayments (13,114) (271,904) (285,018) Net realized losses — 10,730 10,730 Changes in net unrealized losses (1) 22,310 69,146 91,456 Cumulative translation adjustment — (14,023) (14,023) Transfer into Level III (2) — 197 197 Balance, End of Period $ 128,984 $ 7,206,174 $ 7,335,158 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to debt and other liabilities still held at reporting date $ — $ (58,909) $ (58,909) For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Contingent Consideration Obligations Debt and Other Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 112,514 $ — $ 112,514 Transfer in due to consolidation — 4,291,286 4,291,286 Issuances — 302,928 302,928 Repayments (12,870) (198,750) (211,620) Net realized losses — 3,459 3,459 Changes in net unrealized gains (1) (547) (142,043) (142,590) Cumulative translation adjustment — 1,867 1,867 Balance, End of Period $ 99,097 $ 4,258,747 $ 4,357,844 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to debt and other liabilities still held at reporting date $ — $ (225,263) $ (225,263) (1) Changes in fair value of contingent consideration obligations are recorded in profit sharing expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. (2) Transfers between Level II and III were a result of subjecting the broker quotes on these financial assets to various criteria which include the number and quality of broker quotes, the standard deviation of obtained broker quotes and the percentage deviation from independent pricing services. The following tables summarize the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for financial assets and liabilities categorized as Level III under the fair value hierarchy: As of June 30, 2021 Fair Value Valuation Techniques Unobservable Inputs Ranges Weighted Average (1) Financial Assets Other investments $ 263,237 Embedded value N/A N/A N/A 118,178 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 16.0% - 47.5% 23.0% 8,372 Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Investments of consolidated VIEs: Equity securities 4,222,903 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 3.1% - 23.0% 10.1% Discounted cash flow Disposition timeline 10 - 52 months 26.8 Discounted cash flow 2 year home price index forecast (10.7%) - 17.6% 4.0% Dividend discount model Discount rate 13.9% 13.9% Market comparable companies P/E multiple 10.4x 10.4x Market comparable companies TBV multiple 0.61x 0.61x Adjusted transaction value Purchase multiple 1.25x 1.25x Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Guideline public company NTAV multiple 1.25x 1.25x Guideline public company TEV/EBITDA 5.5x - 8.0x 7.6x Third Party Pricing N/A N/A N/A Bank loans 3,928,257 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.8% - 15.6% 4.1% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Profit participating notes 2,638,732 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 8.7% - 12.5% 12.4% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Real estate 454,220 Discounted cash flow Capitalization rate 4.5% - 6.0% 5.7% Discounted cash flow Discount rate 7.0% - 12.5% 8.3% Discounted cash flow Terminal capitalization rate 8.3% 8.3% Direct capitalization Capitalization rate 5.5% - 8.5% 6.4% Direct capitalization Terminal capitalization rate 6.3% - 12.0% 7.1% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Bonds 118,160 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.5% - 7.2% 6.5% Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Convertible securities 26,142 Dividend discount model Discount rate 13.9% 13.9% Market comparable companies P/E multiple 10.0x 10.0x Market comparable companies TBV multiple 0.61x 0.61x Warrants 3,380 Option model Volatility 35.0% - 60.4% 47.9% Other equity investments 486,158 Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Adjusted transaction value Discount rate 8.5% - 12.5% 10.5% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Total Investments of Consolidated VIEs 11,877,952 Total Financial Assets $ 12,267,739 Financial Liabilities Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs: Secured loans $ 4,013,342 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.4% - 9.6% 2.6% Subordinated notes 3,148,942 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.5% - 11.5% 5.7% Participating equity 21,354 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 15.0% 15.0% Other liabilities 22,536 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 2.2% - 9.1% 5.9% Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Total liabilities of Consolidated VIEs: 7,206,174 Contingent Consideration Obligation 128,984 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 18.5% 18.5% Total Financial Liabilities $ 7,335,158 As of December 31, 2020 Fair Value Valuation Techniques Unobservable Inputs Ranges Weighted Average (1) Financial Assets Other investments $ 254,655 Embedded value N/A N/A N/A 107,652 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 16% - 47.5% 23.4% 7,465 Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Investments of consolidated VIEs: Equity securities 4,339,244 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.4% - 15.6% 7.2% Discounted cash flow Disposition timeline 8 - 52 months 28.8 Discounted cash flow 2 year home price index forecast (14%) - 9.6% (2.5%) Dividend discount model Discount rate 9.7% - 13.8% 11.2% Market comparable companies NTAV multiple 1.2x 1.2x Market comparable companies P/E multiple 9.8x 9.8x Market comparable companies TBV multiple 0.56x 0.56x Adjusted transaction value Purchase multiple 1.1x 1.1x Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Bank loans 3,501,384 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.8% - 27.0% 3.4% Recoverability Recoverability rate 14.0% - 75.0% 57.8% Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Profit participating notes 2,577,596 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 7.5% - 15.0% 14.6% Real estate 422,123 Discounted cash flow Capitalization rate 5.8% - 6.0% 5.8% Discounted cash flow Discount rate 6.3% - 12.5% 8.4% Discounted cash flow Terminal capitalization rate 8.3% 8.3% Direct capitalization Capitalization rate 5.5% - 8.5% 6.6% Direct capitalization Terminal capitalization rate 5.8% - 12% 7.6% Bonds 97,209 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 5.5% - 7.0% 6.5% Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Convertible securities 16,581 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 12.4% 12.4% Dividend discount model Discount rate 13.8% 13.8% Market comparable companies P/E multiple 9.8x 9.8x Market comparable companies TBV multiple 0.56x 0.56x Warrants 2,676 Option model Volatility 50.0% - 64.4% 53.1% Other equity investments 6,167 Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Total Investments of Consolidated VIEs 10,962,980 Total Financial Assets $ 11,332,752 Financial Liabilities Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs: Secured loans $ 3,822,475 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.8% - 9.3% 2.7% Subordinated notes 3,044,437 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 7.7% - 14.0% 9.9% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Preferred equity 213,506 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 15% 15% Other liabilities 20,202 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.8% - 7.9% 5.7% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A Total liabilities of Consolidated VIEs: 7,100,620 Contingent Consideration Obligation 119,788 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 17.5% 17.5% Total Financial Liabilities $ 7,220,408 N/A Not applicable EBITDA Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization NTAV Net tangible asset value P/E Price-to-Earnings TBV Total book value TEV Total enterprise value (1) Unobservable inputs were weighted based on the fair value of the investments included in the range. Fair Value Measurement of Investment in Athene Holding As of June 30, 2021, the fair value of Apollo’s Level II investment in Athene Holding was estimated using the closing market price of Athene Holding shares of $67.50 less a DLOM of 12.9%. The DLOM was derived based on the average remaining lock up restrictions on the shares of Athene Holding held by Apollo (36 months from the closing date of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement) and the estimated volatility in such shares of Athene Holding. The historical share price volatility of a representative set of Athene Holding’s publicly traded insurance peers was calculated over a three year period equivalent to the lock up on the shares of Athene Holding held by Apollo and used as a proxy to estimate the projected volatility in Athene Holding’s shares. As of December 31, 2020, the fair value of Apollo’s Level II investment in Athene Holding was estimated using the closing market price of Athene Holding shares of $43.14 less a DLOM of 17.5%. Discounted Cash Flow Model When a discounted cash flow model is used to determine fair value, the significant input used in the valuation model is the discount rate applied to present value the projected cash flows. Increases in the discount rate can significantly lower the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations; conversely decreases in the discount rate can significantly increase the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations. Consolidated VIEs Investments The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the equity securities include the discount rate applied, purchase multiple, price-to-earnings multiple, total book value multiple and net tangible asset value in the valuation models. These unobservable inputs in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. The discount rate is determined based on the market rates an investor would expect for a similar investment with similar risks. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of bank loans are discount rates and recoverability percentage. Significant increases (decreases) in any discount rates would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of bonds and profit participating notes are discount rates. Significant increases (decreases) in discount rates would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of real estate are discount rates and capitalization rates. Significant increases (decreases) in any discount rates or capitalization rates in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of convertible securities are discount rates, price-to-earnings multiple and total book value multiple. Significant increases (decreases) in any discount rates would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of warrants are volatility rates. Significant increases (decreases) in volatility rates would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. Certain investments are valued using the NAV per share equivalent calculated by the investment manager as a practical expedient to determining an independent fair value. Liabilities The debt obligations of certain consolidated VIEs, that are CLOs, were measured on the basis of the fair value of the financial assets of those CLOs as the financial assets were determined to be more observable and, as a result, categorized as Level II in the fair value hierarchy. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s liabilities of consolidated VIEs are discount rates. Significant increases (decreases) in discount rates would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Contingent Consideration Obligations The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is the discount rate applied in the valuation models. This input in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. The discount rate was based on the hypothetical cost of equity in connection with the acquisition of Stone Tower. See note 15 for further discussion of the contingent consideration obligations. Valuation of Underlying Investments of Equity Method Investees As discussed previously, the underlying entities that the Company manages and invests in are primarily investment companies which account for their investments at estimated fair value. On a quarterly basis, Apollo utilizes valuation committees consisting of members from senior management, to review and approve the valuation results related to the investments of the funds it manages. For certain publicly traded vehicles managed by the Company, a review is performed by an independent board of directors. The Company also retains external valuation firms to provide third-party valuation consulting services to Apollo, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the external valuation firms assist management with validating their valuation results or determining fair value. The Company performs various back-testing procedures to validate their valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analyses. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material. Credit Investments The majority of investments in Apollo’s credit funds are valued based on quoted market prices and valuation models. Quoted market prices are valued based on the average of the “bid” and the “ask” quotes provided by multiple brokers wherever possible without any adjustments. Apollo will designate certain brokers to use to value specific securities. In order to determine the designated brokers, Apollo considers the following: (i) brokers with which Apollo has previously transacted, (ii) the underwriter of the security and (iii) active brokers indicating executable quotes. In addition, when valuing a security based on broker quotes wherever possible Apollo tests the standard deviation amongst the quotes received and the variance between the concluded fair value and the value provided by a pricing service. When broker quotes are not available Apollo considers the use of pricing service quotes or other sources to mark a position. When relying on a pricing service as a primary source, Apollo (i) analyzes how the price has moved over the measurement period, (ii) reviews the number of brokers included in the pricing service’s population, if available, and (iii) validates the valuation levels with Apollo’s pricing team and traders. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing a model based approach to determine fair value. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid credit investments also may include the market approach and the income approach, as described below. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks. Private Equity Investments The majority of the illiquid investments within our private equity funds are valued using the market approach, which provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry. Market Approach The market approach is driven by current market conditions, including actual trading levels of similar companies and, to the extent available, actual transaction data of similar companies. Judgment is required by management when assessing which companies are similar to the subject company being valued. Consideration may also be given to any of the following factors: (1) the subject company’s historical and projected financial data; (2) valuations given to comparable companies; (3) the size and scope of the subject company’s operations; (4) the subject company’s individual strengths and weaknesses; (5) expectations relating to the market’s receptivity to an offering of the subject company’s securities; (6) applicable restrictions on transfer; (7) industry and market information; (8) general economic and market conditions; and (9) other factors deemed relevant. Market approach valuation models typically employ a multiple that is based on one or more of the factors described above. Enterprise value as a multiple of EBITDA is common and relevant for most companies and industries, however, other industry specific multiples are employed where available and appropriate. Sources for gaining additional knowledge related to comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. Once a comparable company set is determined, Apollo reviews certain aspects of the subject company’s performance and determines how its performance compares to the group and to certain individuals in the group. Apollo compares certain measurements such as EBITDA margins, revenue growth over certain time periods, leverage ratios and growth opportunities. In addition, Apollo compares the entry multiple and its relation to the comparable set at the time of acquisition to understand its relation to the comparable set on each measurement date. Income Approach For investments where the market approach does not provide adequate fair value information, Apollo relies on the income approach. The income approach is also used to validate the market approach within our private equity funds. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology for the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are significant assumptions related to the subject company’s expected results, the determination of a terminal value and a calculated discount rate, which is normally based on the subject company’s weighted average cost of capital, or “WACC.” The WACC represents the required rate of return on total capitalization, which is comprised of a required rate of return on equity, plus the current tax-effected rate of return on debt, weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt that are typical in the industry. The most critical step in determining the appropriate WACC for each subject company is to select companies that are comparable in nature to the subject company and the credit quality of the subject company. Sources for gaining additional knowledge about the comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. The general formula then used for calculating the WACC considers the after-tax rate of return on debt capital and the rate of return on common equity capital, which further considers the risk-free rate of return, market beta, market risk premium and small stock premium, if applicable. The variables used in the WACC formula are inferred from the comparable market data obtained. The Company evaluates the comparable companies selected and concludes on WACC inputs based on the most comparable company or analyzes the range of data for the investment. Debt securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing a model based approach to determine fair value. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of hybrid capital investments also may include the market approach and the income approach, as previously described above. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks. The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic), is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the close price on the date of determination. Real Assets Investments The estimated fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) in Apollo’s real assets funds is determined by reference to market prices provided by certain dealers who make a market in these financial instruments. Broker quotes are only indicative of fair value and may not necessarily represent what the funds would receive in an actual trade for the applicable instrument. Additionally, the loans held-for-investment are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs for certain investments. The loans in Apollo’s real assets funds are evaluated for possible impairment on a quarterly basis. For Apollo’s real assets funds, valuations of non-marketable underlying investments are determined using methods that include, but are not limited to (i) discounted cash flow estimates or comparable analysis prepared internally, (ii) third party appraisals or valuations by qualified real estate appraisers and (iii) contractual sales value of investments/properties subject to bona fide purchase contracts. Methods (i) and (ii) also incorporate consideration of the use of the income, cost, or sales comparison approaches of estimating property values. Certain of the credit, private equity, and real assets funds may also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, total return swap contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of the period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Total return swap and credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the total return or credit default swap contract and the original contract price. Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. |