FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at fair value by fair value hierarchy level: As of December 31, 2022 Level I Level II Level III NAV Total Assets Cash and cash equivalents (1) $ 1,200,735 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,200,735 Restricted cash and cash equivalents (2) 1,048,129 — — — 1,048,129 Cash and cash equivalents of VIEs 109,578 — — — 109,578 U.S. Treasury securities (3) 708,844 — — — 708,844 Investments, at fair value 189,995 38,729 1,084,349 (4) 8,147 1,321,220 Investments of VIEs, at fair value — 1,537,479 727,200 106,205 2,370,884 Due from related parties (5) — — 43,413 — 43,413 Derivative assets (6) — — 15,492 — 15,492 Total Assets $ 3,257,281 $ 1,576,208 $ 1,870,454 $ 114,352 $ 6,818,295 Liabilities Other liabilities of VIEs, at fair value $ — $ 24 $ — $ — $ 24 Contingent consideration obligations (7) — — 55,016 — 55,016 Other liabilities (8) 1,932 — — — 1,932 Derivative liabilities (6) — 56,674 — — 56,674 Total Liabilities $ 1,932 $ 56,698 $ 55,016 $ — $ 113,646 As of December 31, 2021 Level I Level II Level III NAV Total Assets Cash and cash equivalents (1) $ 917,183 $ — $ — $ — $ 917,183 Restricted cash and cash equivalents (2) 707,885 — — — 707,885 Cash and cash equivalents of VIEs 463,266 — — — 463,266 U.S. Treasury securities (3) 1,687,105 — — — 1,687,105 Investments Investment in Athene Holding 4,548,048 — — — 4,548,048 Other investments 48,493 46,267 946,184 (4) — 1,040,944 Total investments 4,596,541 46,267 946,184 — 5,588,992 Investments of VIEs, at fair value 6,232 1,055,421 13,187,803 487,595 14,737,051 Due from related parties (5) — — 47,835 — 47,835 Derivative assets (6) — 7,436 — — 7,436 Total Assets $ 8,378,212 $ 1,109,124 $ 14,181,822 $ 487,595 $ 24,156,753 Liabilities Debt of VIEs, at fair value $ — $ 446,029 $ 7,496,479 $ — $ 7,942,508 Other liabilities of VIEs, at fair value — 3,111 31,090 557 34,758 Contingent consideration obligations (7) — — 125,901 — 125,901 Other liabilities (8) 47,961 — — — 47,961 Derivative liabilities (6) — 1,520 — — 1,520 Total Liabilities $ 47,961 $ 450,660 $ 7,653,470 $ 557 $ 8,152,648 (1) Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 includes $0.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents held by consolidated SPACs. Refer to note 14 for further information. (2) Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 includes $1.0 billion and $690.2 million, respectively, of restricted cash and cash equivalents held by consolidated SPACs. Refer to note 14 for further information. (3) U.S. Treasury securities as of December 31, 2021 includes $1.2 billion of U.S. Treasury securities held by consolidated SPACs. Refer to note 14 for further information. (4) Investments as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 excludes $198.1 million and $175.8 million, respectively, of performance allocations classified as Level III related to certain investments for which the Company elected the fair value option. The Company’s policy is to account for performance allocations as investments. (5) Due from related parties represents a receivable from a fund. (6) Derivative assets and derivative liabilities are presented as a component of Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated statements of financial condition. (7) Profit sharing payable includes contingent obligations classified as Level III. (8) Other liabilities as of December 31, 2022 includes the publicly traded warrants of APSG II. Other liabilities as of December 31, 2021 includes the publicly traded warrants of APSG I and APSG II. The following tables summarize the changes in fair value in financial assets measured at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value: For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Investments and Derivative Assets Investments of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 946,184 $ 13,187,803 $ 14,133,987 Net transfer in (out) due to consolidation (deconsolidation) 21,710 (12,627,487) (12,605,777) Purchases 232,244 3,111,780 3,344,024 Sale of investments/distributions (121,160) (3,196,867) (3,318,027) Net realized gains (losses) 47,134 30,263 77,397 Changes in net unrealized gains (losses) 7,472 204,018 211,490 Cumulative translation adjustment (34,747) (10,808) (45,555) Transfer into Level III (1) 1,004 38,465 39,469 Transfer out of Level III (1) — (9,967) (9,967) Balance, End of Period $ 1,099,841 $ 727,200 $ 1,827,041 Change in net unrealized gains included in investment income (loss) related to investments still held at reporting date $ 56,483 $ — $ 56,483 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date — 17,261 17,261 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Other Investments Investments of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 369,772 $ 10,962,980 $ 11,332,752 Transfer out due to deconsolidation — (230,541) (230,541) Purchases 492,326 3,679,767 4,172,093 Sale of investments/distributions (3,235) (1,444,857) (1,448,092) Net realized gains (losses) 20,063 34,152 54,215 Changes in net unrealized gains (losses) 81,613 444,686 526,299 Cumulative translation adjustment (12,639) (31,717) (44,356) Transfer into Level III (1) 706 44,686 45,392 Transfer out of Level III (1) (2,422) (271,353) (273,775) Balance, End of Period $ 946,184 $ 13,187,803 $ 14,133,987 Change in net unrealized gains included in investment income (loss) related to investments still held at reporting date $ 81,613 $ — $ 81,613 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date — 307,829 307,829 (1) Transfers between Level II and III were a result of subjecting the broker quotes on these financial assets to various criteria which include the number and quality of broker quotes, the standard deviation of obtained broker quotes and the percentage deviation from external pricing services. The following tables summarize the changes in fair value in financial liabilities measured at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value: For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Contingent Consideration Obligations Debt and Other Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 125,901 $ 7,527,569 $ 7,653,470 Transfer out due to deconsolidation — (7,057,668) (7,057,668) Issuances — 1,276 1,276 Payments (13,358) (443,509) (456,867) Net realized (gains) losses — (480) (480) Changes in net unrealized (gains) losses (1) (57,527) (16,368) (73,895) Cumulative translation adjustment — (10,820) (10,820) Balance, End of Period $ 55,016 $ — $ 55,016 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Contingent Consideration Obligations Debt and Other Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs Total Balance, Beginning of Period $ 119,788 $ 7,100,620 $ 7,220,408 Issuances — 705,726 705,726 Payments (20,609) (320,529) (341,138) Net realized (gains) losses — 6,713 6,713 Changes in net unrealized (gains) losses (1) 26,722 66,212 92,934 Cumulative translation adjustment — (31,626) (31,626) Transfers into Level III (2) — 453 453 Balance, End of Period $ 125,901 $ 7,527,569 $ 7,653,470 Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to debt and other liabilities still held at reporting date $ — $ 44,895 $ 44,895 (1) Changes in fair value of contingent consideration obligations are recorded in profit sharing expense in the consolidated statements of operations. (2) Transfers between Level II and III were a result of subjecting the broker quotes on these financial assets to various criteria which include the number and quality of broker quotes, the standard deviation of obtained broker quotes and the percentage deviation from independent pricing services. The following tables summarize the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for financial assets and liabilities categorized as Level III under the fair value hierarchy: As of December 31, 2022 Fair Value Valuation Techniques Unobservable Inputs Ranges Weighted Average (1) Financial Assets Investments $ 525,696 Embedded value N/A N/A N/A 128,368 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 8.9% - 52.8% 28.7% 430,285 Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Due from related parties 43,413 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 15.0% 15.0% Derivative assets 15,492 Option model Volatility rate 60.0% 60.0% Investments of consolidated VIEs: Equity securities 458,282 Dividend discount model Discount rate 12.1% 12.1% Bank loans 243,703 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 6.4% - 32.7% 8.0% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Bonds 25,065 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 7.9% 7.9% Warrants 150 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 15.4% 15.4% Total Financial Assets $ 1,870,454 Financial Liabilities Contingent Consideration Obligation 55,016 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 20.0% - 25.0% 23.6% Total Financial Liabilities $ 55,016 As of December 31, 2021 Fair Value Valuation Techniques Unobservable Inputs Ranges Weighted Average (1) Financial Assets Other investments $ 516,221 Embedded value N/A N/A N/A 169,625 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 14.0% - 52.8% 26.4% 260,338 Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Due from related parties 47,835 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 16.0% 16.0% Investments of consolidated VIEs: Equity securities 4,144,661 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 3.0% - 19.0% 10.4% Dividend discount model Discount rate 13.7% 13.7% Market comparable companies NTAV multiple 1.25x 1.25x Adjusted transaction value Purchase multiple 1.25x 1.25x Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Bank loans 4,569,873 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.8% - 15.6% 4.3% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Profit participating notes 2,849,150 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 8.7% - 12.5% 12.4% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Real estate 511,648 Discounted cash flow Capitalization rate 4.0% - 5.8% 5.3% Discounted cash flow Discount rate 5.0% - 12.5% 7.3% Discounted cash flow Terminal capitalization rate 8.3% 8.3% Direct capitalization Capitalization rate 5.5% - 8.5% 6.2% Direct capitalization Terminal capitalization rate 6.0% - 12.0% 6.9% Bonds 50,885 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.0% - 7.0% 6.1% Third party pricing N/A N/A N/A As of December 31, 2021 Fair Value Valuation Techniques Unobservable Inputs Ranges Weighted Average (1) Other equity investments 1,061,586 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 11.8% -12.5% 12.1% Adjusted transaction value N/A N/A N/A Total Investments of Consolidated VIEs 13,187,803 Total Financial Assets $ 14,181,822 Financial Liabilities Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs: Secured loans $ 4,311,348 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.4% - 10.0% 2.8% Subordinated notes 3,164,491 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.5% - 11.9% 5.8% Participating equity 20,640 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 15.0% 15.0% Other liabilities 31,090 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 3.7% - 9.3% 6.3% Total Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs 7,527,569 Contingent Consideration Obligation 125,901 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 18.5% 18.5% Total Financial Liabilities $ 7,653,470 N/A Not applicable EBITDA Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization NTAV Net tangible asset value (1) Unobservable inputs were weighted based on the fair value of the investments included in the range. Fair Value Measurement of Investment in Athene Holding At December 31, 2021, the fair value of Apollo’s Level I investment in Athene Holding was estimated using the closing market price of Athene Holding shares of $83.33. Following the Mergers, as of December 31, 2022, AAM no longer holds an interest in AHL as further described in note 14. Discounted Cash Flow Model When a discounted cash flow model is used to determine fair value, the significant input used in the valuation model is the discount rate applied to present value the projected cash flows. Increases in the discount rate can significantly lower the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations; conversely decreases in the discount rate can significantly increase the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations. Consolidated VIEs’ Investments The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the equity securities include the discount rate applied, purchase multiple and net tangible asset value in the valuation models. These unobservable inputs in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. The discount rate is determined based on the market rates an investor would expect for a similar investment with similar risks. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of bank loans, bonds, profit participating notes, warrants and other equity investments are discount rates. Significant increases (decreases) in discount rates would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of real estate are discount rates and capitalization rates. Significant increases (decreases) in any discount rates or capitalization rates in isolation would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements. Certain investments of VIEs are valued using the NAV per share equivalent calculated by the investment manager as a practical expedient to determine an independent fair value. Consolidated VIEs’ Liabilities The debt obligations of certain consolidated VIEs, that are CLOs, were measured on the basis of the fair value of the financial assets of those CLOs as the financial assets were determined to be more observable and, as a result, categorized as Level II in the fair value hierarchy. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s liabilities of consolidated VIEs are discount rates. Significant increases (decreases) in discount rates would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Certain liabilities of VIEs are valued using the NAV per share equivalent calculated by the investment manager as a practical expedient to determine an independent fair value. Contingent Consideration Obligations The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is the discount rate applied in the valuation models. This input in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. The discount rate was based on the hypothetical cost of equity in connection with the acquisition of Stone Tower. See note 15 for further discussion of the contingent consideration obligations. Valuation of Underlying Investments As previously noted, the underlying entities that the Company manages and invests in are primarily investment companies which account for their investments at estimated fair value. On a quarterly basis, valuation committees consisting of members from senior management review and approve the valuation results related to the investments of the funds the Company manages. For certain publicly traded vehicles managed by the Company, a review is performed by an independent board of directors. The Company also retains external valuation firms to provide third-party valuation consulting services to Apollo, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the external valuation firms assist management with validating their valuation results or determining fair value. The Company performs various back-testing procedures to validate their valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analyses. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material. Yield Investments Yield investments are generally valued based on third party vendor prices and/or quoted market prices and valuation models. Valuations using quoted market prices are based on the average of the “bid” and the “ask” quotes provided by multiple brokers wherever possible without any adjustments. Apollo will designate certain brokers to use to value specific securities. In determining the designated brokers, Apollo considers the following: (i) brokers with which Apollo has previously transacted, (ii) the underwriter of the security and (iii) active brokers indicating executable quotes. In addition, when valuing a security based on broker quotes wherever possible Apollo tests the standard deviation amongst the quotes received and the variance between the concluded fair value and the value provided by a pricing service. When broker quotes are not available Apollo considers the use of pricing service quotes or other sources to mark a position. When relying on a pricing service as a primary source, Apollo (i) analyzes how the price has moved over the measurement period, (ii) reviews the number of brokers included in the pricing service’s population, if available, and (iii) validates the valuation levels with Apollo’s pricing team and traders. Debt securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing a model based approach to determine fair value. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid credit investments also may include the income approach, as described below. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks. Equity and Hybrid Investments The majority of illiquid equity and hybrid investments are valued using the market approach and/or the income approach, as described below. Market Approach The market approach is driven by current market conditions, including actual trading levels of similar companies and, to the extent available, actual transaction data of similar companies. Judgment is required by management when assessing which companies are similar to the subject company being valued. Consideration may also be given to any of the following factors: (1) the subject company’s historical and projected financial data; (2) valuations given to comparable companies; (3) the size and scope of the subject company’s operations; (4) the subject company’s individual strengths and weaknesses; (5) expectations relating to the market’s receptivity to an offering of the subject company’s securities; (6) applicable restrictions on transfer; (7) industry and market information; (8) general economic and market conditions; and (9) other factors deemed relevant. Market approach valuation models typically employ a multiple that is based on one or more of the factors described above. Enterprise value as a multiple of EBITDA is common and relevant for most companies and industries, however, other industry specific multiples are employed where available and appropriate. Sources for gaining additional knowledge related to comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports and press releases. Once a comparable company set is determined, Apollo reviews certain aspects of the subject company’s performance and determines how its performance compares to the group and to certain individuals in the group. Apollo compares certain measurements such as EBITDA margins, revenue growth over certain time periods, leverage ratios and growth opportunities. In addition, Apollo compares the entry multiple and its relation to the comparable set at the time of acquisition to understand its relation to the comparable set on each measurement date. Income Approach The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology for the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are significant assumptions related to the subject company’s expected results, the determination of a terminal value and a calculated discount rate, which is normally based on the subject company’s weighted average cost of capital, or “WACC.” The WACC represents the required rate of return on total capitalization, which is comprised of a required rate of return on equity, plus the current tax-effected rate of return on debt, weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt that are typical in the industry. The most critical step in determining the appropriate WACC for each subject company is to select companies that are comparable in nature to the subject company and the credit quality of the subject company. Sources for gaining additional knowledge about the comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports and press releases. The general formula then used for calculating the WACC considers the after-tax rate of return on debt capital and the rate of return on common equity capital, which further considers the risk-free rate of return, market beta, market risk premium and small stock premium, if applicable. The variables used in the WACC formula are inferred from the comparable market data obtained. The Company evaluates the comparable companies selected and concludes on WACC inputs based on the most comparable company or analyzes the range of data for the investment. The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic), is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the close price on the date of determination. Certain of the funds Apollo manages may also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, total return swap contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of the period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Total return swap and credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the total return or credit default swap contract and the original contract price. Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. |