Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Opower and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. For the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014, to conform to the current year’s presentation, we separated revenue into subscription revenue and services revenue and cost of revenue into cost of revenue — subscription and cost of revenue — services. This change had no impact on total revenue or total cost of revenue. |
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. Therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2015. There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in the Form 10-K that have had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. |
In the opinion of our management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows have been included. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from the audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. |
Use of Estimates |
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant items subject to such estimates include revenue recognition, the useful lives and recoverability of property and equipment, stock-based compensation and income taxes. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. |
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Concentration of Credit Risk |
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains the majority of its cash and cash equivalents with one financial institution, which management believes to be financially sound and with minimal credit risk. The Company’s deposits periodically exceed amounts guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. |
To manage accounts receivable risk, the Company monitors and evaluates the credit worthiness of its customers and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts as deemed necessary. Collection efforts from long-established utilities have been historically successful, so the Company believes credit risk to be low. |
The following table summarizes those customers who represented at least 10% of revenue or accounts receivable for the periods presented: |
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| | Revenue | | | Accounts Receivable | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | December 31, | | | March 31, | |
March 31, | 2014 | 2015 |
| | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | | | |
Customer A | | | * | | | | 14 | % | | | 10 | % | | | 18 | % |
Customer B | | | 11 | % | | | * | | | | * | | | | 13 | % |
Customer C | | | * | | | | * | | | | 17 | % | | | * | |
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* | =xA0;Represented less than 10% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair Value Measurement |
The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities that are reported at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The accounting guidance establishes a defined three-tier hierarchy to classify and disclose the fair value of assets and liabilities on both the date of their initial measurement as well as all subsequent periods. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value by the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are described as follows: |
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| • | | Level 1: Observable inputs. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | | Level 2: Observable inputs other than the quoted price. Includes quoted prices for similar instruments, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in inactive markets and amounts derived from valuation models where all significant inputs are observable in active markets; and | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| • | | Level 3: Unobservable inputs. Includes amounts derived from valuation models where one or more significant inputs are unobservable and require the Company to develop relevant assumptions. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company evaluates its financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the appropriate level of classification as of each reporting period. |
Revenue Recognition |
The Company derives its revenue from contractual agreements with utility providers based on subscriptions and services provided to those utilities, which include analyzing data provided by the utilities and using that data to encourage utility customers to reduce energy consumption and improve satisfaction. The Company generates substantially all of its revenue from subscriptions to its cloud-based data analytics platform and services to its customers. |
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Subscription fees primarily pay for the ongoing integration of utility data into our software platform and the analysis and presentation of this data to energy consumers. Revenue for subscription fees is recognized ratably over the contract term beginning on the date the service is available to the customer, which typically coincides with website launch or first reports delivered to households. Subscription contracts typically have a term of one to five years. |
Service fees cover specific services performed for our utility customers, which may include program enablement services, research, program customizations and training, custom development on top of the Company’s software platform, as well as services provided by third party providers for which the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. Setup fees, which tend not to provide stand-alone value, are deferred and recognized ratably over the expected customer relationship period, which is generally the greater of four years or the contract period. Services revenues are generally recognized over the term of the contract, or on a completed contract basis for deliverables that are determined to be separate units of accounting. |
Cost of Revenue |
Cost of revenue for subscriptions generally consists of information services necessary to perform data analysis, the costs of data center capacity, employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation related to operating and servicing our internal applications, channel delivery fees, including printing and mailing for delivery of reports to utility customers, and amortization of internally capitalized software that delivers our services. In addition, we allocate a portion of overhead costs, including rent, information technology and employee benefit costs, to cost of revenue. |
Cost of revenue for services primarily consists of personnel costs, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation, allocated overhead, and third-party costs. |
Comprehensive Loss |
Comprehensive loss consists of two components, net loss and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to gains and losses that are recorded as a separate element of stockholders’ equity (deficit) and are excluded from net loss. The Company’s other comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains or losses on hedge transactions. |
Operating Segment |
Operating segments are defined as components of a business that can earn revenue and incur expenses, and for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated on a regular basis by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to decide how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s CODM, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews consolidated results of operations to make decisions, therefore the Company views its operations and manages its business as one operating segment. |
Recently Issued Accounting Standards |
In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest: Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs, which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not currently expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. As issued, the new revenue recognition rules were to become effective January 1, 2017, with no early adoption permitted. In April 2015, the FASB proposed a deferral of the effective date to January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of January 1, 2017. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company has not yet selected a transition method nor has it determined the effect of the standard on its ongoing financial reporting. |