FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES | Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Prosper measures the fair value of assets and liabilities in accordance with its fair value hierarchy which prioritizes information used to measure fair value and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings and provides for enhanced disclosures determined by the level within the hierarchy of information used in the valuation. The Company applies this framework whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value on the balance sheets are classified among three levels based on the observability of the inputs used to determine fair value: Level 1 — The valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments. Level 2 — The valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation methodologies for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 3 — The valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the instrument. Level 3 valuations are typically performed using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar methodologies, which incorporate management’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the instrument or valuations that require significant management judgment or estimation. Fair values of assets or liabilities are determined based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of quoted prices and observable inputs and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Various valuation methodologies are utilized, depending on the nature of the financial instrument, including the use of market prices for identical or similar instruments, or discounted cash flow models. When possible, active and observable market data for identical or similar financial instruments are utilized. Alternatively, fair value is determined using assumptions that management believes a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability. Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value The fair value of the Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale, Notes, Servicing Assets and Liabilities and loan trailing fee liability are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies based upon a set of valuation assumptions. The primary assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model include default and prepayment rates primarily derived from historical performance and discount rates applied to each credit grade based on the perceived credit risk of each credit grade. The fair value of the Credit Card Derivative is also estimated using a discounted cash flow model using certain assumptions. The key assumptions used in the valuation include default and prepayment rates derived primarily from historical performance and relevant market data, adjusted as necessary based on the perceived credit risk of the underlying portfolio. In addition, discount rates based on estimates of the rates of return that investors would require when investing in similar credit card portfolios are applied to the individual freestanding derivatives. The Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability is valued using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. Refer to Note 13 for further details. The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands): September 30, 2023 Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Total Assets: Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 191,566 $ 191,566 Borrower Loans, at Fair Value — — 592,229 592,229 SOFR rate swaption (Note 11) — 797 — 797 Servicing Assets — — 13,110 13,110 Credit Card Derivative (Note 5) — — 28,066 28,066 Total Assets $ — $ 797 $ 824,971 $ 825,768 Liabilities: Notes, at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 329,601 $ 329,601 Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability — — 210,776 210,776 Loan Trailing Fee Liability (Note 10) — — 3,182 3,182 Credit Card servicing obligation liability (Note 5) — — 7,584 7,584 Total Liabilities $ — $ — $ 551,143 $ 551,143 December 31, 2022 Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Total Assets: Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 499,765 $ 499,765 Borrower Loans, at Fair Value — — 320,642 320,642 LIBOR rate swaption (Note 11) — 1,289 — 1,289 Servicing Assets — — 12,562 12,562 Credit Card Derivative (Note 5) $ — $ — 10,782 10,782 Total Assets $ — $ 1,289 $ 843,751 $ 845,040 Liabilities: Notes, at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 318,704 $ 318,704 Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability — — 166,346 166,346 Loan Trailing Fee Liability (Note 10) — — 3,290 3,290 Credit Card servicing obligation liability (Note 5) $ — $ — 3,720 3,720 Total Liabilities $ — $ — $ 492,060 $ 492,060 As PMI’s Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale, Notes, Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability, Servicing Assets and Liability, Credit Card Derivative and loan trailing fee liability do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices, the Company uses significant unobservable inputs to measure the fair value of these assets and liabilities. Financial instruments are categorized in the Level 3 valuation hierarchy based on the significance of unobservable factors in the overall fair value measurement. These fair value estimates may also include observable, actively quoted components derived from external sources. As a result, gains and losses for assets and liabilities within the Level 3 category may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable and unobservable inputs. Prosper did not transfer any assets or liabilities in or out of Level 3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. Significant Unobservable Inputs The following tables present quantitative information about the ranges of significant unobservable inputs used for the Company’s Level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: Range Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Discount rate 6.4% - 13.7% 5.4% - 13.2% Default rate 1.5% - 18.9% 1.8% - 18.7% Range Servicing Assets: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Discount rate 15.0% - 25.0% 15.0% - 25.0% Default rate 1.8% - 19.1% 2.0% - 19.3% Prepayment rate 11.2% - 29.7% 14.2% - 28.0% Market servicing rate (1) (2) 0.633% - 0.842% 0.648% - 0.842% (1) Servicing assets associated with loans enrolled in a relief program offered by the Company as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were measured using a market servicing rate assumptio n of 84.2 basis points. This rate was estimated using a multiplier consistent with observable market rates for other loan types, applied to the base market servicing rate assumption. (2) Excludes collection fees that would be passed on to a hypothetical third-party servicer. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the market rate for collection fees and non-sufficient fund fees was assumed to be 6 basis points and 6 basis points, respectively, for a total market servicing rate range of 69.3 - 90.2 basis points and 70.8 - 90.2 basis points, respectively. Range Loan Trailing Fee Liability: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Discount rate 15.0% - 25.0% 15.0% - 25.0% Default rate 1.8% - 19.1% 2.0% - 19.3% Prepayment rate 11.2% - 29.7% 14.2% - 28.0% Ranges of inputs are not applied to the Credit Card Derivative and Credit Card servicing obligation liability, as they are valued at the portfolio level. Refer below for a summary of the significant unobservable inputs associated with those Level 3 fair value measurements. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the discounted cash flow methodology used to estimate the Notes fair values used the same projected cash flows as the related Borrower Loans. Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Assets and Liabilities on a Recurring Basis The following tables present additional information about Level 3 Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands): Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held For Sale Notes Total Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 320,642 $ 499,765 $ (318,704) $ 501,703 Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes 182,119 1,527,549 (180,012) 1,529,656 Principal repayments (140,520) (190,303) 141,625 (189,198) Borrower Loans sold to third parties (3,280) (1,349,067) — (1,352,347) Other changes 2,850 (2,189) (619) 42 Change in fair value (29,233) (34,538) 28,109 (35,662) Transfer of Loans Held for Sale to Borrower Loans upon PMIT 2023-1 Transaction, at Fair Value 259,651 (259,651) — — Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 592,229 $ 191,566 $ (329,601) $ 454,194 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held for Sale Notes Total Balance at January 1, 2022 $ 267,626 $ 243,170 $ (265,985) $ 244,811 Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes 214,271 2,271,312 (214,107) 2,271,476 Principal repayments (156,706) (130,667) 158,105 (129,268) Borrower Loans sold to third parties (1,326) (1,969,647) — (1,970,973) Other changes 216 936 (320) 832 Change in fair value (21,110) (16,895) 21,228 (16,777) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 302,971 $ 398,209 $ (301,079) $ 400,101 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held For Sale Notes Total Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 334,259 $ 517,781 $ (330,747) $ 521,293 Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes 56,323 428,688 (56,468) 428,543 Principal repayments (48,158) (61,048) 47,759 (61,447) Borrower Loans sold to third parties (1,326) (420,494) — (421,820) Other changes 2,654 (2,763) (359) (468) Change in fair value (11,174) (10,947) 10,214 (11,907) Transfer of Loans Held for Sale to Borrower Loans upon PMIT 2023-1 Transaction, at Fair Value 259,651 (259,651) — — Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 592,229 $ 191,566 $ (329,601) $ 454,194 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held For Sale Notes Total Balance at July 1, 2022 $ 301,893 $ 312,693 $ (300,521) $ 314,065 Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes 70,486 978,664 (69,797) 979,353 Principal repayments (59,750) (47,487) 60,375 (46,862) Borrower Loans sold to third parties (502) (838,774) — (839,276) Other changes 64 575 (207) 432 Change in fair value (9,220) (7,462) 9,071 (7,611) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 302,971 $ 398,209 $ (301,079) $ 400,101 The following tables present additional information about Level 3 Servicing Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Servicing Assets Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 12,562 Additions 7,157 Less: Changes in fair value (6,609) Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 13,110 Servicing Assets Balance at January 1, 2022 $ 8,761 Additions 9,888 Less: Changes in fair value (6,380) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 12,269 Servicing Assets Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 12,833 Additions 2,290 Less: Changes in fair value (2,013) Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 13,110 Servicing Assets Balance at July 1, 2022 $ 10,323 Additions 4,211 Less: Changes in fair value (2,265) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 12,269 The following tables present additional information about the Level 3 Credit Card derivative measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Credit Card Derivative Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 10,782 Changes in fair value 17,284 Net losses from settled transactions (270) Add: Net payments made 270 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 28,066 Credit Card Derivative Balance at January 1, 2022 $ 7 Changes in fair value 6,839 Net gains from settled transactions 2,355 Add: Net payments made (1,364) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 7,837 Credit Card Derivative Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 19,542 Changes in fair value 8,524 Net gains from settled transactions 749 Less: Net payments received (749) Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 28,066 Credit Card Derivative Balance at July 1, 2022 $ 4,861 Changes in fair value 2,976 Net gains from settled transactions 1,779 Add: Net payments made (1,779) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 7,837 The following tables present additional information ab out the Level 3 Credit Card servicing obligation liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Credit Card Servicing Obligation Liability Fair Value at January 1, 2023 $ 3,720 Change in fair value 3,864 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 7,584 Credit Card Servicing Obligation Liability Fair Value at January 1, 2022 $ — Change in fair value 2,381 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 2,381 Credit Card Servicing Obligation Liability Fair Value at July 1, 2023 $ 5,769 Change in fair value 1,815 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 7,584 Credit Card Servicing Obligation Liability Fair Value at July 1, 2022 $ 1,246 Change in fair value 1,135 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 2,381 The following tables present additional information about the Level 3 Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability Balance as of January 1, 2023 $ 166,346 Change in fair value 44,430 Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ 210,776 Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability Balance as of January 1, 2022 $ 250,941 Change in fair value (88,860) Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ 162,081 Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability Balance as of July 1, 2023 $ 194,070 Change in fair value 16,706 Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ 210,776 Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability Balance as of July 1, 2022 $ 173,455 Change in fair value (11,374) Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ 162,081 Loan Trailing Fee The fair value of the Loan Trailing Fee represents the present value of the expected monthly Loan Trailing Fee payments, which takes into consideration certain assumptions related to expected prepayment rates and default rates using a discounted cash flow model. The assumptions used are the same as those used for the valuation of Servicing Assets, as described below. The following tables present additional information about the Level 3 Loan Trailing Fee Liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands): Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 3,290 Issuances 1,596 Cash Payment of Loan Trailing Fee (2,111) Change in Fair Value 407 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 3,182 Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance at January 1, 2022 $ 2,161 Issuances 2,286 Cash Payment of Loan Trailing Fee (1,485) Change in Fair Value 100 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 3,062 Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 3,294 Issuances 464 Cash Payment of Loan Trailing Fee (705) Change in Fair Value 129 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 3,182 Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance at July 1, 2022 $ 2,574 Issuances 964 Cash Payment of Loan Trailing Fee (475) Change in Fair Value (1) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 3,062 Significant Recurring Level 3 Fair Value Input Sensitivity Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Borrower Loans and Loans Held for Sale are presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Borrower Loans and Loans Held for Sale September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions: $ 783,795 $ 820,407 Weighted-average discount rate 8.58 % 6.72 % Weighted-average default rate 9.97 % 9.31 % Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point increase in discount rate $ 776,132 $ 812,061 200 basis point increase in discount rate $ 768,658 $ 803,927 Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 791,653 $ 828,975 200 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 799,716 $ 837,773 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 774,954 $ 810,657 Applying a 1.2 multiplier to default rate $ 766,182 $ 800,989 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 792,699 $ 830,238 Applying a 0.8 multiplier to default rate $ 801,672 $ 840,156 Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Notes are presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Notes September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions: $ 329,601 $ 318,704 Weighted-average discount rate 8.60 % 6.87 % Weighted-average default rate 11.99 % 11.36 % Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point increase in discount rate $ 326,374 $ 315,456 200 basis point increase in discount rate $ 323,226 $ 312,291 Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 332,911 $ 322,037 200 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 336,308 $ 325,461 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 325,854 $ 314,892 Applying a 1.2 multiplier to default rate $ 322,136 $ 311,112 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 333,376 $ 322,547 Applying a 0.8 multiplier to default rate $ 337,179 $ 326,425 Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Servicing Assets is presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Servicing Assets September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions $ 13,110 $ 12,562 Weighted-average market servicing rate 0.65 % 0.65 % Weighted-average prepayment rate 18.43 % 18.47 % Weighted-average default rate 13.25 % 13.38 % Fair value resulting from: Market servicing rate increase of 0.025% $ 12,277 $ 11,708 Market servicing rate decrease of 0.025% $ 13,943 $ 13,415 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 12,824 $ 12,286 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 13,401 $ 12,842 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 12,876 $ 12,305 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 13,345 $ 12,820 Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for the Credit Card Derivative is presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Credit Card Derivative September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, based on the following notional amount and rate assumptions: $ 28,066 $ 10,782 Prosper Allocations outstanding 206,748 102,392 Discount rate on Prosper Allocations 24.69 % 26.23 % Discount rate on Coastal Program Fee 8.86 % 9.26 % Prepayment rate applied to Credit Card portfolio 8.79 % 10.08 % Default rate applied to Credit Card portfolio 14.37 % 13.34 % Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point increase in both discount rates $ 27,781 $ 10,699 200 basis point increase in both discount rates $ 27,503 $ 10,618 Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point decrease in both discount rates $ 28,357 $ 10,866 200 basis point decrease in both discount rates $ 28,655 $ 10,951 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 27,686 $ 10,625 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 28,451 $ 10,942 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 22,475 $ 8,001 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 33,822 $ 13,641 Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Credit Card servicing obligation liability is presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Credit Card servicing obligation liability: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions: $ 7,584 $ 3,720 Discount rate on Credit Card portfolio servicing obligation 8.86 % 9.26 % Prepayment rate applied to Credit Card portfolio 8.79 % 10.08 % Default rate applied to Credit Card portfolio 14.37 % 13.34 % Market servicing rate 2.00 % 2.00 % Fair value resulting from: Market servicing rate increase of 0.10% $ 7,989 $ 3,919 Market servicing rate decrease of 0.10% $ 7,179 $ 3,521 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 7,481 $ 3,662 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 7,687 $ 3,779 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 7,396 $ 3,636 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 7,776 $ 3,806 These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of a variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects. Assets and Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for assets, and liabilities not recorded at fair value (in thousands): September 30, 2023 Carrying Amount Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Balance at Fair Value Assets: Cash and Cash Equivalents $ 39,524 $ 39,524 $ — $ — $ 39,524 Restricted Cash - Cash and Cash Equivalents 94,818 94,818 — — 94,818 Restricted Cash - Certificates of Deposit 3,028 — 3,028 — 3,028 Accounts Receivable 5,959 — 5,959 — 5,959 Total Assets $ 143,329 $ 134,342 $ 8,987 $ — $ 143,329 Liabilities: Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities $ 37,532 $ — $ 37,532 $ — $ 37,532 Payable to Investors 62,698 — 62,698 — 62,698 Notes Issued by Securitization Trust 248,335 — 254,975 — 254,975 Warehouse Lines 188,881 — 187,584 — 187,584 Term Loan (Note 11) 74,799 — 77,411 — 77,411 Total Liabilities $ 612,245 $ — $ 620,200 $ — $ 620,200 December 31, 2022 Carrying Amount Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Balance at Fair Value Assets: Cash and Cash Equivalents $ 83,446 $ 83,446 $ — $ — $ 83,446 Restricted Cash - Cash and Cash Equivalents 108,284 108,284 — — 108,284 Restricted Cash - Certificates of Deposit 4,879 — 4,879 — 4,879 Accounts Receivable 3,462 — 3,462 — 3,462 Total Assets $ 200,071 $ 191,730 $ 8,341 $ — $ 200,071 Liabilities: Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities $ 37,254 $ — $ 37,254 $ — $ 37,254 Payable to Investors 85,312 — 85,312 — 85,312 Warehouse Lines 446,762 — 444,329 — 444,329 Term Loan (Note 11) 73,407 — 76,191 — 76,191 Total Liabilities $ 642,735 $ — $ 643,086 $ — $ 643,086 The estimated fair values of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities and Payable to Investors approximate their carrying values because of their short-term nature. |
FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES | Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities PFL has elected to record certain financial instruments at fair value on the balance sheet. PFL classifies Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes as financial instruments and assesses their fair value each on a quarterly basis for financial statement presentation purposes. Gains and losses on these financial instruments are shown separately on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the discounted cash flow methodology used to estimate the Notes fair values used the same projected cash flows as the related Borrower Loans. As demonstrated in the table below, the fair value adjustments for Borrower Loans were largely offset by the fair value adjustments of the Notes due to the borrower payment dependent design of the Notes and because the principal balances of the Borrower Loans approximated the principal balances of the Notes. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value on the balance sheets are classified among three levels based on the observability of the inputs used to determine fair value: Level 1 — The valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments. Level 2 — The valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation methodologies for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 3 — The valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the instrument. Level 3 valuations are typically performed using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar methodologies, which incorporate management’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the instrument or valuations that require significant management judgment or estimation. Fair values of assets or liabilities are determined based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of quoted prices and observable inputs and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Various valuation methodologies are utilized, depending on the nature of the financial instrument, including the use of market prices for identical or similar instruments, or discounted cash flow models. When possible, active and observable market data for identical or similar financial instruments are utilized. Alternatively, fair value is determined using assumptions that management believes a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability. Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value The fair value of the Borrower Loans and Notes are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies based upon a set of valuation assumptions. The primary cash flow assumptions used to value such Borrower Loans and Notes include default and prepayment rates derived primarily from historical performance and discount rates that reflect estimates of the rates of return that investors would require when investing in financial instruments with similar characteristics. The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands): September 30, 2023 Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Total Assets: Borrower Loans, at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 335,143 $ 335,143 Servicing Assets — — 15,340 15,340 Total Assets $ — $ — $ 350,483 $ 350,483 Liabilities: Notes, at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 329,601 $ 329,601 Loan Trailing Fee Liability — — 3,182 3,182 Total Liabilities $ — $ — $ 332,783 $ 332,783 December 31, 2022 Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Total Assets: Borrower Loans, at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 320,642 $ 320,642 Servicing Assets — — 14,860 14,860 Total Assets $ — $ — $ 335,502 $ 335,502 Liabilities: Notes, at Fair Value $ — $ — $ 318,704 $ 318,704 Loan Trailing Fee Liability — — 3,290 3,290 Total Liabilities $ — $ — $ 321,994 $ 321,994 As PFL’s Borrower Loans, Notes, Servicing Assets and loan trailing fee liability do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices, PFL uses significant unobservable inputs to measure the fair value of these assets and liabilities. Financial instruments are categorized in the Level 3 valuation hierarchy based on the significance of unobservable factors in the overall fair value measurement. These fair value estimates may also include observable, actively quoted components derived from external sources. As a result, the realized and unrealized gains and losses for assets and liabilities within the Level 3 category may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable and unobservable inputs. PFL did not transfer any assets or liabilities in or out of Level 3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 or September 30, 2022. Significant Unobservable Inputs The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for PFL’s Level 3 fair value measurements at the dates presented: Range Borrower Loans and Notes September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Discount rate 7.1% - 13.5% 5.6% - 12.9% Default rate 1.8% - 18.7% 1.8% - 18.2% Range Servicing Assets September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Discount rate 15.0% - 25.0% 15.0% - 25.0% Default rate 1.5% - 19.1% 2.0% - 19.3% Prepayment rate 11.2% - 30.1% 14.2% - 28.0% Market servicing rate (1) (2) 0.633% - 0.842% 0.648% - 0.842% (1) Servicing assets associated with loa ns enrolled in a relief program offered by the Company as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were measured using a market servicing rate assumption of 84.2 basis points. This rate was estimated using a multiplier consistent with observable market rates for other loan types, applied to the base market servicing rate assumption . (2 ) Excludes collection fees that would be passed on to a hypothetical third-party servicer. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the market rate for collection fees and non-sufficient fund fees was assumed to be 6 basis points and 6 basis points, respectively, for a total market servicing rate range of 69.3 - 90.2 basis points and a total market servicing rate of 70.8 - 90.2 basis points, respectively. Range Loan Trailing Fee Liability September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Discount rate 15.0% - 25.0% 15.0% - 25.0% Default rate 1.5% - 19.1% 2.0% - 19.3% Prepayment rate 11.2% - 30.1% 14.2% - 28.0% Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Assets and Liabilities on a Recurring Basis The following tables present additional information about Level 3 Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands): Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held for Sale Notes Total Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 320,642 $ — $ (318,704) $ 1,938 Originations 182,119 1,527,549 (180,012) 1,529,656 Borrower Loans contributed by Parent, at Fair Value 2,010 — — 2,010 Principal repayments (139,434) — 141,625 2,191 Borrower Loans sold to third parties (3,331) (1,527,549) — (1,530,880) Other changes 790 — (619) 171 Change in fair value (27,653) — 28,109 456 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 335,143 $ — $ (329,601) $ 5,542 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held for Sale Notes Total Balance at January 1, 2022 $ 267,626 $ — $ (265,985) $ 1,641 Originations 214,271 2,271,312 (214,107) 2,271,476 Principal repayments (156,706) — 158,105 1,399 Borrower Loans sold to third parties (1,326) (2,271,312) — (2,272,638) Other changes 216 — (320) (104) Change in fair value (21,110) — 21,228 118 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 302,971 $ — $ (301,079) $ 1,892 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held for Sale Notes Total Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 334,259 $ — $ (330,747) $ 3,512 Originations 56,323 428,688 (56,468) 428,543 Borrower Loans contributed by Parent, at Fair Value 2,010 — — 2,010 Principal repayments (47,072) — 47,759 687 Borrower Loans sold to third parties (1,326) (428,688) — (430,014) Other changes 543 — (359) 184 Change in fair value (9,594) — 10,214 620 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 335,143 $ — $ (329,601) $ 5,542 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets Liabilities Borrower Loans Loans Held for Sale Notes Total Balance at July 1, 2022 $ 301,893 $ — $ (300,521) $ 1,372 Originations 70,486 978,664 (69,797) 979,353 Principal repayments (59,750) — 60,375 625 Borrower Loans sold to third parties (502) (978,664) — (979,166) Other changes 64 — (207) (143) Change in fair value (9,220) — 9,071 (149) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 302,971 $ — $ (301,079) $ 1,892 The following tables present additional information about Level 3 Servicing Assets recorded at fair value (in thousands): Servicing Assets Balance as of January 1, 2023 $ 14,860 Additions 8,070 Less: Changes in fair value (7,590) Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ 15,340 Servicing Assets Balance as of January 1, 2022 $ 9,796 Additions 11,383 Less: Changes in fair value (7,105) Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ 14,074 Servicing Assets Balance as of July 1, 2023 $ 15,148 Additions 2,346 Less: Changes in fair value (2,154) Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ 15,340 Servicing Assets Balance as of July 1, 2022 $ 11,699 Additions 4,903 Less: Changes in fair value (2,528) Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ 14,074 Loan Trailing Fee Liability The fair value of the Loan Trailing Fee Liability represents the present value of the expected monthly Loan Trailing Fee payments, which takes into consideration certain assumptions related to expected prepayment rates and default rates using a discounted cash flow model. The assumptions used are the same as those used for the valuation of Servicing Assets, as described below. The following tables present additional information about Level 3 Loan Trailing Fee Liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands): Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance as of January 1, 2023 $ 3,290 Issuances 1,596 Cash payment of Loan Trailing Fee (2,111) Change in fair value 407 Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ 3,182 Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance as of January 1, 2022 $ 2,161 Issuances 2,286 Cash payment of Loan Trailing Fee (1,485) Change in fair value 100 Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ 3,062 Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance as of July 1, 2023 $ 3,294 Issuances 464 Cash payment of Loan Trailing Fee (705) Change in fair value 129 Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ 3,182 Loan Trailing Fee Liability Balance as of July 1, 2022 $ 2,574 Issuances 964 Cash payment of Loan Trailing Fee (475) Change in fair value (1) Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ 3,062 Significant Recurring Level 3 Fair Value Asset and Liability Input Sensitivity Key economic assumptions are used to compute the fair value of Borrower Loans. The sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Borrower Loans are presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Borrower Loans: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions: $ 335,143 $ 320,642 Weighted-average discount rate 8.60 % 6.87 % Weighted-average default rate 11.99 % 11.36 % Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point increase in discount rate $ 331,868 $ 317,380 200 basis point increase in discount rate $ 328,673 $ 314,201 Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 338,505 $ 323,991 200 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 341,953 $ 327,429 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 331,365 $ 316,832 Applying a 1.2 multiplier to default rate $ 327,614 $ 313,053 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 338,953 $ 324,484 Applying a 0.8 multiplier to default rate $ 342,789 $ 328,361 Key economic assumptions are used to compute the fair value of Notes. The sensitivity of the fair value to immediate changes in assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Notes funded through the Note Channel are presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Notes September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions: $ 329,601 $ 318,704 Weighted-average discount rate 8.60 % 6.87 % Weighted-average default rate 11.99 % 11.36 % Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point increase in discount rate $ 326,374 $ 315,456 200 basis point increase in discount rate $ 323,226 $ 312,291 Fair value resulting from: 100 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 332,911 $ 322,037 200 basis point decrease in discount rate $ 336,308 $ 325,461 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 325,854 $ 314,892 Applying a 1.2 multiplier to default rate $ 322,136 $ 311,112 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 333,376 $ 322,547 Applying a 0.8 multiplier to default rate $ 337,179 $ 326,425 Key economic assumptions are used to compute the fair value of Servicing Assets. The sensitivity of the current fair value to immediate changes in assumptions at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for Servicing Assets are presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages). Servicing Assets September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair value, using the following assumptions: $ 15,340 $ 14,860 Weighted-average market servicing rate 0.651 % 0.649 % Weighted-average prepayment rate 18.79 % 18.77 % Weighted-average default rate 12.63 % 12.63 % Fair value resulting from: Market servicing rate increase of 0.025% $ 14,365 $ 13,850 Market servicing rate decrease of 0.025% $ 16,315 $ 15,870 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 15,005 $ 14,534 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to prepayment rate $ 15,680 $ 15,191 Fair value resulting from: Applying a 1.1 multiplier to default rate $ 15,066 $ 14,557 Applying a 0.9 multiplier to default rate $ 15,615 $ 15,165 These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of a variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be |