Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ORGANIZATION (A) General INVO Bioscience (“INVO” or the “Company”) is a medical device company focused in the Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) marketplace. Our primary focus is the manufacture and sale of the INVOcell device and the INVO technology to provide an alternative infertility treatment for couples. Our patented device, the INVOcell, is the first Intravaginal Culture (IVC) system in the world used for the natural in vivo In Vivo In both current utilization of the INVOCell and in clinical studies, the INVO Procedure has proven to have equivalent pregnancy success and live birth rates as the traditional assisted reproductive technique, IVF. Additionally, we believe there are psychological benefits of the potential mother’s participation in fertilization and early embryo development by vaginal incubation compared to that of traditional IVF treatment. INVOcell also offers to patients a more natural and personalized way to achieve pregnancy. (B) Basis of Presentation On December 5, 2008, the Company completed a share exchange with Emy’s Salsa Aji Distribution Company, Inc. (“Emy’s”), a publicly registered shell corporation with no significant assets or operations. Emy’s was incorporated on July 11, 2005, under the laws of the State of Nevada under the name Certiorari Corp. In connection with the share exchange, INVO Bioscience became Emy’s wholly owned subsidiary and the INVO Bioscience shareholders acquired control of Emy’s. The Company accounted for the transaction as a recapitalization and the Company is the surviving entity. In connection with the share exchange, Emy’s shareholders retained 14,937,500 shares. Effective with the Agreement, all previously outstanding shares of Common Stock owned by the Company’s shareholders were exchanged for an aggregate of 38,307,500 shares of Emy’s common stock. Effective with the Agreement, Emy’s changed its name to INVO Bioscience, Inc. All references to “Common Stock,” “share” and “per share” amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the exchange ratio of 357.0197 shares of INVO Bioscience Common Stock for one share of Emy’s common stock outstanding immediately prior to the merger as if the exchange had taken place as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. The accompanying consolidated financial statements present the historical financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company prior to the merger with Emys. The accompanying consolidated financial statements present on a consolidated basis the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. (C) Use of Estimates In preparing financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. (D) Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid temporary cash investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company had the amounts of cash and cash equivalents on its balance sheets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 of $1,238,585 and $212,243, respectively. (E) Inventory Inventories consist of work in process (WIP) and finished products and are stated at the lower of cost or market; using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method as a cost flow convention. (F) Property and Equipment The Company records property and equipment at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, which are from 3 to 10 years. The Company capitalizes the expenditures for major renewals and improvements that extend the useful lives of property and equipment. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of its carrying amount to the undiscounted cash flows that the asset or asset group is expected to generate. If such assets are considered impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the property, if any, exceeds its fair market value. (G) Stock Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 718-10, Compensation (“ASC 718-10”). This statement requires the Company to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. That cost is recognized over the period in which the employee is required to provide service or based on performance goals in exchange for the award, which is usually the vesting period. ( H) Loss Per Share Basic loss per share calculations are computed by dividing income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include securities or other contracts to issue common stock that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. The Company’s diluted loss per share is the same as the basic loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, as the inclusion of any potential shares would have had an anti-dilutive effect due to the Company generating a loss. Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019 2018 Loss to common shareholders (Numerator) $ (2,167,544 ) $ (3,076,091 ) Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (Denominator) 155,356,091 147,333,051 The Company has excluded the following dilutive securities from the calculation of fully diluted shares outstanding because the result would have been anti-dilutive: Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019 2018 Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents: Options 8,320,587 - Convertible notes and interest 2,730,345 6,020,200 Total 11,050,932 6,020,200 ( I) Fair Value of Financial Instruments ASC 825-10-50, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” (formerly SFAS No. 107) requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and borrowings, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements” (SFAS 157), which provides a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP. ASC 820-10 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820-10 requires that valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. (J) Income Taxes We are subject to income taxes in the United States and other domestic tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of expenses in multiple state jurisdictions. We use the asset and liability method to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. If a net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward exists, we make a determination as to whether that NOL carryforward will be utilized in the future. A valuation allowance will be established for certain NOL carryforwards and other deferred tax assets where recoverability is deemed to be uncertain. The carrying value of the net deferred tax assets is based upon estimates and assumptions related to our ability to generate sufficient future taxable income in certain tax jurisdictions. If these estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we will be required to adjust our deferred tax valuation allowances. As of December 31, 2019, we had unused federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of $14,131,281. These losses expire in various amounts at varying times beginning in 2027 with a portion carrying on indefinitely. Unless expiration occurs, these NOLs may be used to offset future taxable income and thereby reduce our income taxes otherwise payable. We recorded a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets at December 31, 2019 and 2018 totaling $435,420 and $645,978, respectively. The valuation allowance has been established for certain deferred tax assets for which we believe it is more likely than not that the tax benefits will not be realized, which are primarily federal and state net operating loss carryforwards. If our expectations for future operating results on a consolidated basis or at the state jurisdiction level vary from actual results due to changes in healthcare regulations, general economic conditions, or other factors, we may need to adjust the valuation allowance, for all or a portion of our deferred tax assets. Our income tax expense in future periods will be reduced or increased to the extent of offsetting decreases or increases, respectively, in our valuation allowance in the period when the change in circumstances occurs. These changes could have a significant impact on our future earnings. IRC §382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended imposes an annual limit on the ability of a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” to use its NOLs to reduce its tax liability. An “ownership change” is generally defined as any change in ownership of more than 50% of a corporation’s “stock” by its “5-percent shareholders” over a rolling three-year period based upon each of those shareholder’s lowest percentage of stock owned during such period, in line with the change in ownership that occurred in 2007. At this time, we do not believe this limitation, when combined with amounts allowable due to net unrecognized built in gains, will affect our ability to use any NOLs before they expire. However, no such assurances can be provided. If our ability to utilize our NOLs to offset taxable income generated in the future is subject to this limitation, it could have an adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. (K) Business Segments The Company operates in one segment and therefore segment information is not presented. (L) Concentration of Credit Risk Cash includes amounts deposited in financial institutions in excess of insurable Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) limits. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had cash balances in excess of FDIC limits. (M) Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue on arrangements in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The core principle of ASC 606 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services ASC 606 requires companies to assess their contracts to determine the timing and amount of revenue to recognize under the new revenue standard. The model has a five-step approach: 1. Identify the contract with the customer. 2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract. 3. Determine the total transaction price. 4. Allocate the total transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract. 5. Recognize as revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied. Revenues for products, including: INVOcell ® TM In January 2019, we announced a U.S. license and distribution agreement with Ferring International Center S.A. (“Ferring”) and as a result took a significant step to strengthen the Company that we believe will support our ability to implement our overall business plan. We believe that this strategic partnership with a strong reproductive organization such as Ferring Pharmaceuticals will provide us with the necessary sales and marketing resources within the United States to expand the market and help reach all of those couples not receiving reproductive treatments today. The agreement calls for the issuance of an initial upfront payment of $5,000,000 which we received upon the signing of the agreement, ongoing product revenue, and then subsequent licensing fee payment of $3,000,000 that will provide us with a source of non-dilutive financing to execute our plan. Under the terms of the agreement we can pursue developing international markets and as well as partnering and opening INVO-only reproductive centers within the U.S. market. We believe this major milestone and agreement is a critical step that allows the Company to implement its mission of expanding access to care in the fertility marketplace. The initial upfront payment of $5,000,000 which we received upon the signing of the agreement is being recognized to income over the 7 year term. (N) Long- Lived Assets Long-lived assets and certain identifiable assets related to those assets are periodically reviewed for impairment whenever circumstances and situations change such that there is an indication that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If the non-discounted future cash flows of the enterprise are less than their carrying amount, their carrying amounts are reduced to the fair value and an impairment loss recognized. There was no impairment recorded from January 5, 2007 (inception) to December 31, 2019. (O) Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods therein. ASU 606 supersedes existing guidance on revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The objective of the new standard is to provide a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers to improve comparability within industries, across industries, and across capital markets. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also requires a number of disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows. The guidance can be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method) or retrospectively with a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings for initial application of the guidance at the date of initial adoption (modified retrospective method). The Company adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts that were not completed or substantially completed as of January 1, 2018. The timing and measurement of revenue recognition under the new standard is not materially different than under the old standard. The adoption of the new standard did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. We have adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . Revenue Recognition In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-15”). The updated standard addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-18”). The updated standard requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-18 did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) (“ASU 2017-09”). The updated standard clarifies when an entity must apply modification accounting to changes in the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. ASU 2017-09 is effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”). The new standard establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2019. The standard allows a number of optional practical expedients to use for transition. The Company choose the certain practical expedients allowed under the transition guidance which permitted us to not to reassess any existing or expired contracts to determine if they contain embedded leases, to not to reassess our lease classification on existing leases, to account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for equipment leases, and whether initial direct costs previously capitalized would qualify for capitalization under FASB ASC 842. The new standard also provides practical expedients and recognition exemptions for an entity's ongoing accounting policy elections. The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition for all leases that qualify, which means that we do not recognize a ROU asset and lease liability for any lease with a term of twelve months or less. The most significant impact of adopting the standard was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases on the Company's consolidated balance sheet but it did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated statements of operations or consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company did not have a cumulative effect on adoption prior to January 1, 2019. In July 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-11 (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception (“ASU 2017-11”). The new standard simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. Part I of ASU 2017-11 changes the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments, such as warrants and embedded conversion features, such that a down round feature is disregarded when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock under Subtopic 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity. As a result, a down round feature, by itself, no longer requires an instrument to be re-measured at fair value through earnings each period, although all other aspects of the indexation guidance under Subtopic 815-40 continue to apply. Part II of ASU 2017-11 re-characterizes the indefinite deferral of certain provisions of Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, (currently presented as pending content in the Codification) as a scope exception. No change in practice is expected as a result of these amendments. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, early adoption is permitted. The amendments in Part II have no accounting impact and therefore do not have an associated effective date. The Company decided to early adopt this ASU 2017-11 and applied it to the convertible notes it issued during the quarter which are reflected in this Form 10-K. Management was not aware of any accounting issued, but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted would have material effect on the consolidated financial statements. |