We believe ournon-traditional ABL platform through Crystal Financial adds an element of counter-cyclicality to our portfolio, as their business model of financing companies in transition has historically seen an elevated opportunity set during market dislocations.
First Lien Senior Secured Weighting
As of December 31, 2019, our Comprehensive Investment Portfolio was invested 98.6% in senior secured loans. Specifically, 90.7% was in first lien senior secured loans, 4.8% was in second lien senior secured cash flow loans, 3.1% was in second lien senior secured asset-based loans, and less than 1.4% was in equities. During Q1 2020, our second lien cash flow portfolio was further reduced through a loan repayment at par. In addition to being highly selective in our cash flow loan originations, we have let our higher risk second lien cash flow loan portfolio roll off and have not made any new second lien cash flow loan investments in over four years. The first lien security position of the vast majority of our investments should result in less time devoted to workout situations, providing our investment team with greater capacity for deploying our significant available capital into new, opportunistic investments with appropriate risk-adjusted return profiles.
Industry and Issuer Diversification
As of December 31, 2019, our $1.8 billion Comprehensive Investment Portfolio consisted of over 200 issuers across approximately 90 industries. The portfolio is highly diversified, with an average exposure per issuer of approximately $8 million, based on fair value as of December 31, 2019. Our largest industry exposures were health care providers & services (10.8%), banking & finance ABL (8.5%), retail ABL (7.4%), pharmaceuticals (7.1%), health care equipment & supplies (6.1%), multi-sector holdings (3.9%), and software (3.4%). During Q1 2020, our exposure to retail ABL declined with the full repayment of a loan in this sector. Our cash flow loan exposure direct to oil & gas, other commodity-oriented verticals, travel, leisure, and consumer discretionary industries, remains de minimis, as we have avoided cyclical sectors.
Fundamental Strength
Our investment philosophy has been to invest as if we are late in the credit cycle. The fundamentals across our portfolio at year-end 2019 were healthy with only one loan onnon-accrual, representing 1.6% of Solar Capital’s portfolio at cost. The weighted average leverage of our first lien cash flow investments was 4.9x net debt to EBITDA and the weighted average EBITDA of our issuers was $65 million at 2019year-end. We continue to believe upper middle market companies generally have greater scale, access to capital, and are better resourced to navigate a downturn.
From our vantage point, the majority of our portfolio companies entered the current crisis on solid footing, which should help them manage the challenges ahead. The SCP investment team has an open, constructive dialogue with the owners and management teams of our portfolio companies as we continue to assess their financial status, liquidity needs, and business prospects.
The severity and duration of the economic contraction is expected to impact companies whose loans are held in private credit portfolios and we will not be immune. However, while it is still too early to know the extent of the stress, we believe we are well positioned to deliver shareholder value. In addition, the $2 trillion economic stimulus package recently passed by Congress and signed into law by the President is designed to provide financial assistance to small businesses. We expect this assistance to reach many of the businesses to which we provide financing.
4