At September 30, 2020, our portfolio consisted of 105 portfolio companies and was invested 22.3% in cash flow senior secured loans, 31.8% in asset-based senior secured loans / Crystal, 22.0% in equipment senior secured financings / NEF, and 23.9% in life science senior secured loans, in each case, measured at fair value, versus 110 portfolio companies invested 29.2% in cash flow senior secured loans, 29.7% in asset-based senior secured loans / Crystal, 21.8% in equipment senior secure financings / NEF, and 19.3% in life science senior secured loans, in each case, measured at fair value, at September 30, 2019.
At September 30, 2020, 77.3% or $1.04 billion of our income producing investment portfolio* is floating rate and 22.7% or $305.1 million is fixed rate, measured at fair value. At September 30, 2019, 76.8% or $1.13 billion of our income producing investment portfolio* is floating rate and 23.2% or $340.4 million is fixed rate, measured at fair value. As of September 30, 2020 and 2019, we had zero issuers and one issuer on non-accrual status, respectively.
Since inception through September 30, 2020, Solar Capital and its predecessor companies have invested approximately $6.5 billion in more than 290 portfolio companies. Over the same period, Solar Capital has completed transactions with more than 150 different financial sponsors.
* We have included Crystal Financial LLC and NEF Holdings LLC within our income producing investment portfolio.
Crystal Financial LLC
On December 28, 2012, we completed the acquisition of Crystal Capital Financial Holdings LLC (“Crystal Financial”), a commercial finance company focused on providing asset-based and other secured financing solutions (the “Crystal Acquisition”). We invested $275 million in cash to effect the Crystal Acquisition. Crystal Financial owned approximately 98% of the outstanding ownership interest in Crystal Financial LLC. The remaining financial interest was held by various employees of Crystal Financial LLC, through their investment in Crystal Management LP. Crystal Financial LLC had a diversified portfolio of 23 loans having a total par value of approximately $400 million at November 30, 2012 and a $275 million committed revolving credit facility. On July 28, 2016, the Company purchased Crystal Management LP’s approximately 2% equity interest in Crystal Financial LLC for approximately $5.7 million. Upon the closing of this transaction, the Company holds 100% of the equity interest in Crystal Financial LLC. On September 30, 2016, Crystal Capital Financial Holdings LLC was dissolved. On December 20, 2018, the revolving credit facility was expanded to $330 million.
As of September 30, 2020, Crystal Financial LLC had 28 funded commitments to 23 different issuers with a total par value of approximately $380.9 million on total assets of $417.7 million. As of December 31, 2019, Crystal Financial LLC had 35 funded commitments to 28 different issuers with total funded loans of approximately $496.8 million on total assets of $518.0 million. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the largest loan outstanding totaled $45.0 million and $45.0 million, respectively. For the same periods, the average exposure per issuer was $16.6 million and $17.7 million, respectively. Crystal Financial LLC’s credit facility, which is non-recourse to Solar Capital, had approximately $167.4 million and $276.0 million of borrowings outstanding at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, Crystal Financial LLC had net income of $6.0 million and $4.5 million, respectively, on gross income of $9.3 million and $13.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, Crystal Financial LLC had net income of $16.3 million and $20.2 million, respectively, on gross income of $32.9 million and $48.3 million, respectively. Due to timing and non-cash items, there may be material differences between GAAP net income and cash available for distributions. As such, and subject to fluctuations in Crystal Financial LLC’s funded commitments, the timing of originations, and the repayments of financings, the Company cannot guarantee that Crystal Financial LLC will be able to maintain consistent dividend payments to us.
NEF Holdings, LLC
On July 31, 2017, we completed the acquisition of NEF Holdings, LLC (“NEF”), which conducts its business through its wholly-owned subsidiary Nations Equipment Finance, LLC. NEF is an independent equipment finance company that provides senior secured loans and leases primarily to U.S. based companies. We invested $209.9 million in cash to effect the transaction, of which $145.0 million was invested in the equity of NEF through our wholly-owned consolidated taxable subsidiary NEFCORP LLC and our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary NEFPASS LLC and $64.9 million was used to purchase certain leases and loans held by NEF through NEFPASS LLC. Concurrent with the transaction, NEF refinanced its existing senior secured credit facility into a $150.0 million non-recourse facility with an accordion feature to expand up to $250.0 million. In September 2019, NEF amended the facility, increasing commitments to $214.0 million with an accordion feature to expand up to $314.0 million and extended the maturity date of the facility to July 31, 2023. At July 31, 2017, NEF also had two securitizations outstanding, with an issued note balance of $94.6 million, which were later redeemed in 2018.
As of September 30, 2020, NEF had 141 funded equipment-backed leases and loans to 62 different customers with a total net investment in leases and loans of approximately $192.3 million on total assets of $279.1 million. As of December 31, 2019, NEF had 168 funded equipment-backed leases and loans to 78 different customers with a total net investment in leases and loans of approximately $245.0 million on total assets of $304.2 million. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the largest position
37