Portfolio Loans Receivable | Portfolio Loans Receivable Major classifications of portfolio loans are as follows: December 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent Real estate: Residential $ 484,735 28 % $ 401,607 26 % Commercial 664,551 38 556,339 36 Construction 238,099 14 255,147 17 Commercial and Industrial 220,221 13 175,956 11 Credit card, net of reserve 128,434 7 141,120 9 Other consumer 1,179 — 1,033 — Portfolio loans receivable, gross 1,737,219 100 % 1,531,202 100 % Deferred origination fees, net (8,627) (7,220) Allowance for loan losses (26,385) (25,181) Portfolio loans receivable, net $ 1,702,207 $ 1,498,801 The Company makes loans to customers located primarily in the Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan areas. Although the loan portfolio is diversified, its performance is influenced by the regional economy. The Company’s loan categories, excluding SBA-PPP loans, previously discussed in Note 4, are described below. Residential Real Estate Loans . One-to-four family mortgage loans are primarily secured by owner-occupied primary residences and, to a lesser extent, investor-owned residences. Residential loans are originated through the commercial sales teams and Capital Bank Home Loans division. Residential loans also include home equity lines of credit. Owner-occupied residential real estate loans usually have fixed rates for five Commercial Real Estate Loans . Commercial real estate loans are originated on owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied properties. These loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Commercial loans that are secured by owner-occupied commercial real estate and primarily collateralized by operating cash flows are also included in this category of loans. As of December 31, 2022, there were approximately $378.7 million of owner-occupied commercial real estate loans, representing approximately 21.8% of the commercial real estate portfolio. Commercial real estate loan terms are generally extended for 10 years or less and amortize generally over 25 years or less. The interest rates on commercial real estate loans generally have initial fixed rate terms that adjust typically at five years. Origination fees are routinely charged for services. Personal guarantees from the principal owners of the business are generally required, supported by a review of the principal owners’ personal financial statements and global debt service obligations. The properties securing the portfolio are diverse in type. This diversity may help reduce the exposure to adverse economic events that affect any single industry. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) Construction Loans . Construction loans are offered within the Company’s Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan operating areas to builders primarily for the construction of single-family homes and condominium and townhouse conversions or renovations and, to a lesser extent, to individuals. Construction loans typically have terms of 12 to 18 months. The Company frequently transitions the end purchaser to permanent financing or re-underwriting and sale into the secondary market through Capital Bank Home Loans. According to underwriting standards, the ratio of loan principal to collateral value, as established by an independent appraisal, cannot exceed 75% for investor-owned and 80% for owner-occupied properties, although exceptions are sometimes made. Semi-annual stress testing of the construction loan portfolio is conducted, and underlying real estate conditions are monitored as well as trends in sales outcomes versus underwriting valuations as part of ongoing risk management efforts. The borrowers’ progress in construction buildout is monitored to enforce the original underwriting guidelines for construction milestones and completion timelines. Commercial and Industrial . In addition to other loan products, general commercial loans, including commercial lines of credit, working capital loans, term loans, equipment financing, letters of credit and other loan products are offered, primarily in target markets, and underwritten based on each borrower’s ability to service debt from income. These loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily, on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. Most commercial business loans are secured by a lien on general business assets including, among other things, available real estate, accounts receivable, promissory notes, inventory and equipment. Personal guaranties from the borrower or other principal are generally obtained. Credit Cards . Through the OpenSky ® credit card division, the Company offers secured, partially secured, and unsecured credit cards on a nationwide basis to under-banked populations and those looking to rebuild their credit scores through a fully digital and mobile platform. The secured lines of credit are secured by a noninterest-bearing demand account at the Bank in an amount equal to the full credit limit of the credit card. For the partially secured lines of credit, the Bank offers certain customers an unsecured line in excess of their secured line of credit by using a proprietary scoring model, which considers credit score and repayment history (typically a minimum of six months of on-time repayments, but ultimately determined on a case-by-case basis). Partially secured and unsecured credit cards are only extended to existing secured card customers who have demonstrated sound credit behaviors. Approximately $109.4 million and $126.8 million of the $123.1 million and $140.2 million in secured and partially secured credit card balances were protected by savings deposits held by the Company as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Unsecured balances were $26.8 million and $17.7 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Other Consumer Loans . To a limited extent and typically as an accommodation to existing customers, personal consumer loans, such as term loans, car loans or boat loans are offered. Loans acquired through acquisitions are recorded at estimated fair value on their purchase date with no carryover of the related allowance for loan losses. In estimating the fair value of loans acquired, certain factors were considered, including the remaining lives of the acquired loans, payment history, estimated prepayments, estimated loss ratios, estimated value of the underlying collateral and the net present value of cash flows expected. Discounts on loans that were not considered impaired at acquisition were recorded as an accretable discount, which will be recognized in interest income over the terms of the related loans. For loans considered to be impaired at acquisition, the difference between the contractually required payments and expected cash flows are recorded as a non-accretable discount. The remaining non-accretable discounts on loans acquired was $285 thousand as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Loans with non-accretable discounts had carrying values of $781 thousand and $818 thousand as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) The allowance for loan losses consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current economic factors. The following tables present, by class and reserving methodology, the allocation of the allowance for loan losses and the gross investment in loans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. (in thousands) Provision for Allowance for Loan Losses Outstanding Loan December 31, 2022 Beginning Charge-Offs Recoveries Ending Individually Collectively Individually Collectively Real estate: Residential $ 5,612 $ (131) $ — $ — $ 5,481 $ — $ 5,481 $ 4,288 $ 480,447 Commercial 8,566 (468) — — 8,098 — 8,098 1,563 662,988 Construction 4,699 (900) (17) — 3,782 — 3,782 2,837 235,262 Commercial and Industrial 2,637 298 — — 2,935 372 2,563 705 219,516 Credit card (1) 3,655 7,833 (5,461) 51 6,078 — 6,078 — 128,434 Other consumer 12 (1) — — 11 — 11 — 1,179 Total $ 25,181 $ 6,631 $ (5,478) $ 51 $ 26,385 $ 372 $ 26,013 $ 9,393 $ 1,727,826 December 31, 2021 Real estate: Residential $ 7,153 $ (1,541) $ — $ — $ 5,612 $ — $ 5,612 $ 2,835 $ 398,772 Commercial 6,786 1,941 (161) — 8,566 — 8,566 25 556,314 Construction 4,595 103 — 1 4,699 — 4,699 7,803 247,344 Commercial and Industrial 2,417 253 (39) 6 2,637 218 2,419 676 175,280 Credit card (1) 2,462 2,612 (1,454) 35 3,655 — 3,655 — 141,120 Other consumer 21 (9) — — 12 — 12 — 1,033 Total $ 23,434 $ 3,359 $ (1,654) $ 42 $ 25,181 $ 218 $ 24,963 $ 11,339 $ 1,519,863 _______________ (1) Credit cards loans are collectively evaluated by past due status and as such are not individually risk rated. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) Past due portfolio loans, segregated by delinquency and class of loans, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows: Loans Loans Total Current Total Accruing Nonaccrual (in thousands) December 31, 2022 Real estate: Residential $ 146 $ 4,284 $ 4,430 $ 480,305 $ 484,735 $ — $ 4,288 Commercial — 1,563 1,563 662,988 664,551 — 1,563 Construction 1,804 2,837 4,641 233,458 238,099 — 2,837 Commercial and Industrial 503 569 1,072 219,149 220,221 — 705 Credit card 15,928 363 16,291 112,143 128,434 363 — Other consumer — — — 1,179 1,179 — — Total $ 18,381 $ 9,616 $ 27,997 $ 1,709,222 $ 1,737,219 $ 363 $ 9,393 December 31, 2021 Real estate: Residential $ 469 $ 2,494 $ 2,963 $ 398,644 $ 401,607 $ 72 $ 2,835 Commercial 367 25 392 555,947 556,339 — 25 Construction — 7,803 7,803 247,344 255,147 — 7,803 Commercial and Industrial 183 593 776 175,180 175,956 — 676 Credit card 19,022 10 19,032 122,088 141,120 10 — Other consumer — — — 1,033 1,033 — — Total $ 20,041 $ 10,925 $ 30,966 $ 1,500,236 $ 1,531,202 $ 82 $ 11,339 Impaired loans also include acquired loans for which management has recorded a non-accretable discount. Impaired loans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows: Unpaid Recorded Recorded Total Related Average Interest (in thousands) December 31, 2022 Real estate: Residential $ 4,476 $ 4,288 $ — $ 4,288 $ — $ 4,629 $ 149 Commercial 1,647 1,563 — 1,563 — 1,656 52 Construction 2,939 2,837 — 2,837 — 2,938 75 Commercial and Industrial 899 247 458 705 372 1,199 77 Total $ 9,961 $ 8,935 $ 458 $ 9,393 $ 372 $ 10,422 $ 353 December 31, 2021 Real estate: Residential $ 3,022 $ 2,835 $ — $ 2,835 $ — $ 4,578 $ 345 Commercial 90 25 — 25 — 90 82 Construction 7,885 7,803 — 7,803 — 9,746 209 Commercial and Industrial 832 340 336 676 218 1,056 282 Total $ 11,829 $ 11,003 $ 336 $ 11,339 $ 218 $ 15,470 $ 918 Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) There were $1.3 million and $6 thousand, respectively, of loans secured by one to four family residential properties in the process of foreclosure as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Credit quality indicators As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to the risk grade of loans, the level of classified loans, net charge-offs, nonperforming loans, and general economic conditions in the Company’s market. The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. A description of the general characteristics of loans characterized as classified is as follows: Special Mention A special mention loan has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Borrowers may exhibit poor liquidity and leverage positions resulting from generally negative cash flow or negative trends in earnings. Access to alternative financing may be limited to finance companies for business borrowers and may be unavailable for commercial real estate borrowers. Substandard A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current financial condition and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Borrowers may exhibit recent or unexpected unprofitable operations, an inadequate debt service coverage ratio, or marginal liquidity and capitalization. These loans require more intense supervision by Company management. Doubtful A doubtful loan has all the weaknesses associated with a substandard loan with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) The following table presents the balances of classified loans based on the risk grade. Classified loans include Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful loans: (in thousands) Pass (1) Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Ungraded (2) Total December 31, 2022 Real estate: Residential $ 469,304 $ 9,966 $ 5,465 $ — $ — $ 484,735 Commercial 657,411 5,577 1,563 — — 664,551 Construction 235,262 — 2,837 — — 238,099 Commercial and Industrial 196,381 22,469 1,371 — — 220,221 Credit card — — — — 128,434 128,434 Other consumer 1,179 — — — — 1,179 Portfolio loans receivable, gross $ 1,559,537 $ 38,012 $ 11,236 $ — $ 128,434 $ 1,737,219 December 31, 2021 Real estate: Residential $ 394,488 $ 2,540 $ 4,579 $ — $ — $ 401,607 Commercial 548,244 8,070 25 — — 556,339 Construction 243,848 3,496 7,803 — — 255,147 Commercial and Industrial 164,066 10,417 1,473 — — 175,956 Credit card — — — — 141,120 141,120 Other consumer 1,033 — — — — 1,033 Portfolio loans receivable, gross $ 1,351,679 $ 24,523 $ 13,880 $ — $ 141,120 $ 1,531,202 ________________________ (1) Pass includes loans graded exceptional, very good, good, satisfactory and pass/watch. (2) Credit card loans are not individually graded. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) Impaired loans also include certain loans that have been modified in troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced or are expected to experience financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions. Certain TDRs are classified as nonperforming at the time of restructure and may only be returned to performing status after confirmation of the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months. The status of TDRs is as follows: Number of Recorded Investment (dollars in thousands) Performing Nonperforming Total December 31, 2022 Real estate: Residential 1 $ — $ 288 $ 288 Total 1 $ — $ 288 $ 288 December 31, 2021 Real estate: Residential 4 $ — $ 450 $ 450 Commercial and Industrial 1 — 83 83 Total 5 $ — $ 533 $ 533 At December 31, 2022 the Company had one defaulted TDR for $288 thousand. In the 12 months ending December 31, 2022, four TDRs, totaling $215 thousand paid off. There were no new TDRs added in 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company restructured one residential portfolio loan for $319 thousand in which the borrower was granted a rate reduction and payment recast. There were no material financial effects as a direct result of this modification. There was one commercial TDR that was paid off during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 for $200 thousand. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) Outstanding loan commitments were as follows: December 31, (in thousands) 2022 2021 Unused lines of credit Real Estate: Residential $ 14,336 $ 15,747 Residential - Home Equity 43,128 37,640 Commercial 36,609 17,225 Construction 93,913 118,518 Commercial and Industrial 45,747 45,135 Credit card (1) 111,227 123,874 Other consumer 102 2,247 $ 345,062 $ 360,386 Commitments to originate residential loans held for sale $ — $ 1,385 Letters of credit $ 5,105 $ 5,105 _______________ (1) Outstanding loan commitments in the credit card portfolio include $106.9 million and $121.7 million in secured balances as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Lines of credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition of the contract. Lines of credit generally have variable interest rates. Such lines do not represent future cash requirements because it is unlikely that all customers will, at any given time, draw upon their lines in full. Loan commitments generally have variable interest rates, fixed expiration dates, and may require payment of a fee. Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by us to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. In the event of nonperformance by the customer in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, the Company would be required to fund the commitment. The Company's maximum exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the customer is the contractual amount of the credit commitment. Loan commitments and lines of credit are generally made on the same terms, including with regard to collateral, as outstanding loans. Management is not aware of any accounting loss to be incurred by funding these loan commitments. Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable (continued) The Company maintains an estimated reserve for off balance sheet items such as unfunded lines of credit, which is reflected in other liabilities, with increases or decreases in the reserve being charged to or released from operating expense. Activity for this account is as follows for the periods presented: (in thousands) 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 1,736 $ 1,776 Provision for (reversal of) off balance sheet credit commitments (54) (40) Add: Recoveries — — Less: Charge-offs — — Balance at end of period $ 1,682 $ 1,736 The Company makes representations and warranties that loans sold to investors meet the investors’ program guidelines and that the information provided by the borrowers is accurate and complete. In the event of a default on a loan sold, the investor may have the right to make a claim for losses due to document deficiencies, program non-compliance, early payment default, and fraud or borrower misrepresentations. The Company maintains a reserve for potential losses on mortgage loans sold, which is reflected in other liabilities, with changes being charged to or released from operating expense. Activity in this reserve is as follows for the periods presented: (in thousands) 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 1,164 $ 1,160 Provision for mortgage loan put backs 9 4 Add: Recoveries — — Less: Charge-offs — — Balance at end of period $ 1,173 $ 1,164 |