RETIREMENT BENEFITS | RETIREMENT BENEFITS Defined Benefit Plans As of December 31, 2018, the Verso Paper Corp. Pension Plan for Hourly Employees (Androscoggin) and the NewPage Cash Balance Plan for Non-Bargained Employees were merged into the NewPage Retirement Plan for Bargained Hourly Employees to form a combined plan which was renamed the Verso Corporation Employee Pension Plan. As of December 31, 2019, this plan covers approximately 64% of Verso’s employees. The pension plan provides defined benefits based on years of service multiplied by a flat monetary benefit or based on a percentage of compensation as defined by the respective plan document. As of December 31, 2015, all of the defined benefit pension plans were frozen to new entrants. Some of the pension plan participants previously in the NewPage Retirement Plan for Bargained Hourly Employees continue to earn service accruals toward their pension benefits but no longer receive multiplier increases. Verso employees previously in the NewPage Cash Balance Plan for Non-Bargained Employees continue to earn annual interest credits, but no longer earn cash balance benefit credits. Benefit accruals are frozen for employees previously in the Verso Paper Corp. Pension Plan for Hourly Employees (Androscoggin). During the fourth quarter 2019, Verso offered a voluntary lump-sum option, on a temporary basis, to certain terminated vested and retired participants in the Verso Corporation Employee Pension Plan. The election period to participate began October 24, 2019 and ended November 22, 2019. Lump-sum payments were distributed in November and December 2019, to those participants who were eligible and elected this form of payment. This action resulted in a settlement gain of $13 million , included in Other (income) expense on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. The following tables summarize the components of net periodic pension cost (income) of Verso’s pension plans for the periods presented: Year Ended December 31, (Dollars in millions) 2017 2018 2019 Components of net periodic pension cost (income): Service cost $ 16 $ 6 $ 4 Interest cost 65 60 65 Expected return on plan assets (75 ) (73 ) (70 ) Settlement — — (13 ) Net periodic pension cost (income) $ 6 $ (7 ) $ (14 ) The following table provides detail on net actuarial (gain) loss recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss: December 31, (Dollars in millions) 2018 2019 Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss: Net actuarial (gain) loss, net of tax $ (120 ) $ (122 ) There is no estimated net actuarial (gain) loss that will be amortized from Accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic pension cost (income) during 2020 . Verso makes contributions that are sufficient to fund actuarially determined costs, generally equal to the minimum amounts required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. Contributions to the pension plans were $32 million in 2017, $43 million in 2018 and $42 million in 2019. In 2020 , Verso expects to make cash contributions to the pension plan of $54 million . Verso expects no plan assets to be returned to the Company in 2020 . The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the pension plans’ benefit obligations, plan assets and funded status for the periods presented: Year Ended December 31, (Dollars in millions) 2018 2019 Change in Projected Benefit Obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 1,753 $ 1,590 Settlement — (55 ) Service cost 6 4 Interest cost 60 65 Actuarial (gain) loss (136 ) 170 Benefits paid (93 ) (85 ) Settlement payments — (147 ) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 1,590 $ 1,542 Change in Plan Assets: Plan assets at fair value at beginning of period $ 1,296 $ 1,162 Settlement payments — (147 ) Actual net return on plan assets (84 ) 201 Employer contributions 43 42 Benefits paid (93 ) (85 ) Plan assets at fair value at end of period $ 1,162 $ 1,173 Funded (underfunded) status at end of period $ (428 ) $ (369 ) The accumulated benefit obligation for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 was $1,590 million and $1,542 million , respectively. The following table summarizes expected future pension benefit payments from the plan: (Dollars in millions) 2020 $ 89 2021 91 2022 92 2023 93 2024 93 2025 - 2029 461 In connection with the Pixelle Sale on February 10, 2020, Pixelle assumed approximately $35 million of Verso’s unfunded pension liabilities (see Note 19). The above table does not reflect changes the Pixelle Sale will have on future pension benefit payments from the plan. Verso evaluates the actuarial assumptions annually as of December 31 (the measurement date) and considers changes in these long-term factors based upon market conditions and the requirements of ASC Topic 715, Compensation—Retirement Benefits . These assumptions are used to calculate benefit obligations as of December 31 of the current year and pension expense to be recorded for the following year. The discount rate assumption reflects the yield on a portfolio of high quality fixed-income instruments that have a similar duration to the plan’s liabilities. The expected long-term rate of return assumption reflects the average return expected on the assets invested to provide for the plan’s liabilities. The actuarial assumptions used in the defined benefit pension plans were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2017 2018 2019 Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of end of period: Discount rate 3.51 % 4.17 % 3.11 % Rate of compensation increase N/A N/A N/A Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic pension cost for the period: Discount rate 3.98 % 3.51 % 4.17 % Rate of compensation increase N/A N/A N/A Expected long-term return on plan assets 6.50 % 6.50 % 7.00 % The primary investment objective is to ensure, over the long-term life of the pension plan, an adequate pool of sufficiently liquid assets to support the benefit obligations. In meeting this objective, the pension plan seeks to achieve a high level of investment return through long-term stock and bond investment strategies, consistent with a prudent level of portfolio risk. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets reflects the weighted-average expected long-term rates of return for the broad categories of investments currently held in the plan (adjusted for expected changes), based on historical rates of return for each broad category, as well as factors that may constrain or enhance returns in the broad categories in the future. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is adjusted when there are fundamental changes in expected returns in one or more broad asset categories and when the weighted-average mix of assets in the plan changes significantly. The following table provides the pension plans’ asset allocation for the periods presented: Allocation of Plan Assets 2018 Allocation on 2019 Allocation on Targeted December 31, Targeted December 31, Allocation 2018 Allocation 2019 Fixed income: 25-55% 25-55% Cash and cash equivalent 1 % 3 % Fixed income funds 34 % 31 % Equity securities: 35-65% 35-65% Domestic equity funds - large cap 29 % 34 % Domestic equity funds - small cap 6 % 5 % International equity funds 20 % 17 % Other: 4-15% 4-15% Hedge funds, private equity, real estate, commodities 10 % 10 % ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures , provides a common definition of fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The fair value framework requires the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions used to value the assets or liabilities (see Note 1 ). In accordance with accounting guidance ASU 2015-07, Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent) , certain investments have been valued using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient and are therefore not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in these tables for investments are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the reconciliation of changes in the plan's benefit obligations and fair value of plan assets above. The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the pension plans’ assets at fair value as of the periods presented: (Dollars in millions) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets Valued at NAV Practical Expedient December 31, 2019 Cash and cash equivalent $ 38 $ — $ 38 $ — $ — Fixed income 360 — 347 13 — Domestic equity - large cap 394 — 1 — 393 International equity 202 78 — 1 123 Domestic equity - small cap 60 1 — — 59 Other (hedge funds, private equity, real estate, commodities) 119 14 — — 105 Total assets at fair value $ 1,173 $ 93 $ 386 $ 14 $ 680 December 31, 2018 Cash and cash equivalent $ 12 $ 12 $ — $ — $ — Fixed income 397 — 393 4 — Domestic equity - large cap 339 20 1 — 318 International equity 229 46 — — 183 Domestic equity - mid cap 1 — 1 — — Domestic equity - small cap 64 11 — — 53 Other (hedge funds, private equity, real estate, commodities) 120 — — — 120 Total assets at fair value $ 1,162 $ 89 $ 395 $ 4 $ 674 The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the pension plan’s Level 3 assets, which are corporate debt and equity securities, for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 : (Dollars in millions) Fair Value Balance, January 1, 2018 $ — Purchase of securities 4 Change in the fair value — Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 4 Purchase of securities 16 Sale of securities (3 ) Change in the fair value of current securities (2 ) Transfers into Level 3 — Transfers out of Level 3 (1 ) Balance, December 31, 2019 $ 14 There were no transfers of investments between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2019, $1 million of investments transferred from Level 3 to Level 2 due to changes in the observability of significant inputs. The majority of investments are comprised of investments in publicly traded mutual funds and common/collective trusts. Publicly traded mutual funds are valued based on their publicly traded exchange value and common/collective trusts are valued using a NAV provided by the manager of each fund. The NAV is based on the underlying net assets owned by the fund, divided by the number of shares or units outstanding. The fair value of the underlying securities within the fund, which are generally traded on an active market, are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which those individual securities are traded. The table below sets forth the fair values of investments, whose fair values are estimated at December 31, 2019 , using the NAV per share derived by the fund managers as a practical expedient that have unfunded commitments and/or redemption restrictions. To derive the estimated NAV per share, the fund managers apply various methodologies, including, but not limited to, use of proprietary estimation models, quoted market prices or third-party valuations for underlying securities within the investments, evaluating contributions, distributions, interest, dividends and management fees, as well as evaluating the general market conditions and their correlation and impact on the investments. December 31, 2019 (Dollars in millions) Fair Value Unfunded Commitments Redemption Frequency Redemption Notice Period Multi-strategy hedge fund (1) $ — $ — Annually 45 days Debt securities hedge fund (2) 72 — Semi-Annually 90 days Private equity (3) 11 2 N/A N/A Domestic equity funds - large cap (4) 69 — Monthly Various (5) $ 152 $ 2 (1) The fund invests in equities, equity-related instruments, fixed income and other debt-related instruments, real estate and other tangible assets, cash and cash equivalents, options, futures, swaps and other derivatives. The fund utilizes leverage in its investment program and includes both long and short positions. The fund’s investment objective is to generate consistent, absolute returns with low volatility. (2) The fund’s objective is to achieve superior risk-adjusted total returns by investing primarily in public and private non-investment grade and nonrated debt securities. Securities and other instruments acquired by the fund may include all types of debt obligations consisting primarily of public and private non-investment grade and nonrated debt, convertible bonds, preferred stock, bank debt, middle market loans and notes, trade claims, liquidating trusts, assignments, options swaps and any other securities with fixed-income characteristics, including, without limitation, debentures, notes deferred interest, pay-in-kind or zero coupon bonds, mortgages and mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and other real estate-related instruments. The fund may also acquire common or preferred stock, warrants to purchase common or preferred stock and any other equity interests. (3) This category consists of several private equity funds some of which invest in limited partnerships which make equity-oriented investments in young, growing or emerging companies or entities. Additionally, the funds can invest in limited partnerships or other pooled investment vehicles which, in turn, make investments in management buy-in, management buy-out, leveraged buy-out, mezzanine, special situation and recapitalization transactions or other partnerships either directly or purchased in the secondary market, as well as investments in mezzanine, distressed and venture debt. These funds invest in a wide range of industries primarily in the United States. These investments cannot be redeemed. Instead, distributions are received when the underlying assets of the funds are liquidated. (4) This fund may invest and trade, on margin or otherwise, in common and preferred stock, futures, convertible securities, rights, warrants, bonds, corporate notes, debentures, U.S. and non U.S. government securities, U.S. government obligations, certificates of deposit, money market funds, cash instruments, U.S. equity index futures, volatility futures, exchange traded funds, exchange traded notes, swaps (including variance swaps), money market instruments and in rights and options, including “put” and “call” options or any combination thereof written by the fund or by others, on securities, commodity, volatility, or other indices, index futures, exchange traded funds, or exchange traded notes. (5) Withdrawals are permitted as of (i) the last business day of each calendar month if written notification is received by the managing member or International Fund Services (N.A.) L.L.C., a subsidiary of the administrator (the “Transfer Agent”) prior to the close of business on the fifth business day of the month, (ii) the last business day of the month following the month that written notification is received by the managing member or Transfer Agent if written notification is received by the Transfer Agent or the managing member after the fifth business day of the month, or (iii) at such times (with less or no prior written notice) as determined by the managing member in its sole discretion. Defined Contribution Plans Verso also sponsors defined contribution plans for certain employees. Employees may elect to contribute a percentage of their salary on a pre-tax and/or after-tax basis, subject to regulatory limitations, into an account with an independent trustee which can then be invested in a variety of investment options at the employee’s discretion. Verso may also contribute to the employee’s account depending upon the requirements of the plan. For certain employees, these employer contributions may be in the form of a specified percentage of each employee’s total compensation or in the form of discretionary profit-sharing that may vary depending on the achievement of certain company objectives. Certain defined contribution benefits are provided in accordance with collective bargaining agreements. Expenses under these plans are presented below. Year Ended December 31, (Dollars in millions) 2017 2018 2019 Defined Contribution Plans Non-elective employer contribution $ 14 $ 14 $ 13 Employer 401(k) matching contributions 14 14 14 |