2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 6 Months Ended |
Apr. 30, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation |
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The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S.) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments, which management believes are necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company, for the respective periods presented. The results of operations for an interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or the year as a whole. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2014, filed with the SEC on February 13, 2015. |
Consolidation | Consolidation |
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Accounting policies used by the Company and the Company’s subsidiaries conform to US GAAP. Significant policies are discussed below. The Company’s consolidated accounts include the Company’s accounts and the accounts of the Company’s subsidiaries of which we own a 50% interest or greater. |
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These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the parent company Trans-Pacific Aerospace Company, Inc., and the majority owned subsidiary: Godfrey. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated. |
Non-controlling interests | Non-controlling interests |
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The Company accounts for changes in our controlling interests of subsidiaries according to Accounting Codification Standards 810 – Consolidations (“ASC 810”). ASC 810 requires that the Company record such changes as equity transactions, recording no gain or loss on such a sale. |
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The Company’s non-controlling interest arises from the purchase of equity in Godfrey. It represents the portion of Godfrey that is not owned. ASC 810 requires that the Company account for the equity and income or loss on that operation separately from the Company’s other activities. In the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheet, the Company presents the portion of the negative equity attributable to non-controlling interests in Godfrey. In the Consolidated Statement of Operations, the Company presents the portion of current period net loss in Godfrey attributable to non-controlling interests. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Cash and Equivalents | Cash and Equivalents |
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Cash and equivalents include investments with initial maturities of three months or less. The Company maintains its cash balances at credit-worthy financial institutions that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") up to $250,000. There were no cash equivalents at April 30, 2015 and October 31, 2014. |
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk |
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Financial instruments and related items, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, are cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments with credit quality institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of FDIC insurance limits. |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
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The Company has adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment FASB ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances warrant. Events relating to recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses or a forecasted inability to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets based upon forecasted undiscounted cash flows. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value less costs to sell. |
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets | Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets |
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The Company has an indefinite-lived intangible asset (goodwill) relating to purchased blueprints, formulas, designs and processes for manufacturing and production of self-lubricated spherical bearings, bushings and rod-end bearings. The indefinite-lived intangible asset is not amortized; rather, it is tested for impairment at least annually by comparing the carrying amount of the asset with the fair value. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount is greater than fair value. |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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The Company adopted FASB ASC 820 on October 1, 2008. Under this FASB, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). The standard outlines a valuation framework and creates a fair value hierarchy in order to increase the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and the related disclosures. Under GAAP, certain assets and liabilities must be measured at fair value, and FASB ASC 820-10-50 details the disclosures that are required for items measured at fair value. |
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The Company has various financial instruments that must be measured under the new fair value standard including: cash and debt. The Company currently does not have non-financial assets or non-financial liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company’s financial assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The three levels are as follows: |
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Level 1 - Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. The fair value of the Company’s cash is based on quoted prices and therefore classified as Level 1. |
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Level 2 - Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates, yield curves, etc.), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs). |
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Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that reflect our assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. |
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Cash, accounts payable, other payables, and accrued expenses reported on the balance sheet are estimated by management to approximate fair market value due to their short term nature. |
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The following tables provide a summary of the fair values of assets and liabilities: |
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| | | | | Fair Value Measurements at | |
| | | | | 30-Apr-15 | |
(Unaudited) |
| | Carrying | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | April 30, | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | | Level 1 | | | | Level 2 | | | | Level 3 | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Convertible notes payable, net | | $ | 99,974 | | | $ | – | | | $ | – | | | $ | 99,974 | |
Convertible notes payable – currently in default | | $ | 260,000 | | | $ | – | | | $ | – | | | $ | 260,000 | |
Derivative liabilities | | $ | 204,963 | | | $ | – | | | $ | – | | | $ | 204,963 | |
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| | | | | Fair Value Measurements at | |
| | | | | 31-Oct-14 | |
| | Carrying | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Value | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | October 31, | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2014 | | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Convertible notes payable, net | | $ | 233,747 | | | $ | – | | | $ | – | | | $ | 233,747 | |
Convertible notes payable – currently in default | | $ | 260,000 | | | $ | – | | | $ | – | | | $ | 260,000 | |
Derivative liabilities | | $ | 207,891 | | | $ | – | | | $ | – | | | $ | 207,891 | |
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The Company believes that the market rate of interest as of April 30, 2015 and October 31, 2014 was not materially different to the rate of interest at which the convertible notes payable were issued. Accordingly, the Company believes that the fair value of the convertible notes payable approximated their carrying value at April 30, 2015 and October 31, 2014 due to short term maturity. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes |
The Company accounts for income taxes under standards issued by the FASB. Under those standards, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax benefits or consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided for significant deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized through future operations. |
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The accounting guidance for uncertainties in income tax prescribes a comprehensive model for the financial statement recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in income tax returns. The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position in the consolidated financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits and a consideration of the relevant taxing authority’s widely understood administrative practices and precedents. |
Equipment | Equipment |
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Equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using straight line methods over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The Company reviews the carrying value of long-term assets to be held and used when events and circumstances warrant such a review. If the carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value. Fair market value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved. The cost of normal maintenance and repairs is charged to operations as incurred. Major overhaul that extends the useful life of existing assets is capitalized. When equipment is retired or disposed, the costs and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated and the resulting profit or loss is recognized in income. As of April 30, 2015, the useful lives of the office equipment ranged from five years to seven years. |
Issuance of Shares for Non-Cash Consideration | Issuance of Shares for Non-Cash Consideration |
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The Company accounts for the issuance of equity instruments to acquire goods and/or services based on the fair value of the goods and services received or the fair value of the equity instrument at the time of issuance, whichever is more readily determinable. The Company's accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of standards issued by the FASB. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (ii) the date at which the consultant or vendor's performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement. |
Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation |
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Stock-based compensation cost to employees is measured by the Company at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, over the requisite service period under ASC 718. For options issued to employees, the Company recognizes stock compensation costs utilizing the fair value methodology over the related period of benefit. |
Beneficial Conversion Features | Beneficial Conversion Features |
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From time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an embedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital. The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method. |
Net Loss Per Share | Net Loss Per Share |
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The Company adopted the standard issued by the FASB, which requires presentation of basic earnings or loss per share and diluted earnings or loss per share. Basic income (loss) per share (“Basic EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share (“Diluted EPS”) are similarly calculated using the treasury stock method except that the denominator is increased to reflect the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive securities at the end of the applicable period were exercised. There were convertible notes, 2,000,000 Series A Warrants, 2,000,000 Series B Warrants and options for 140,666,667 shares outstanding as of April 30, 2015 that are not included in the calculation of Diluted EPS as their impact would be anti-dilutive. |
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| | For the | | | | | | | | | |
Six Months Ended | | | | | | | | |
April 30, | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | | | | | | | |
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Net loss attributable to the Company | | $ | (2,996,440 | ) | | $ | (1,826,745 | ) | | | | | | | | |
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Basic and diluted net loss from operations per share | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | (0.02 | ) | | | | | | | | |
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Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic and diluted | | | 406,603,216 | | | | 112,751,955 | | | | | | | | | |
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Recently Adopted and Recently Enacted Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Adopted and Recently Enacted Accounting Pronouncements |
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In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements. ASU 2014-10 eliminates the distinction of a development stage entity and certain related disclosure requirements, including the elimination of inception-to-date information on the statements of operations, cash flows and stockholders' equity. The amendments in ASU 2014-10 will be effective prospectively for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2014, and interim periods within those annual periods, however early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2014-10 during the quarter ended May 31, 2014, thereby no longer presenting or disclosing any information required by Topic 915. |
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The Company reviewed all recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the AICPA, and the SEC and they did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company's present or future financial statements. |
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In August 2014, the FASB issued the FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15 “Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). |
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In connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, an entity’s management should evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). Management’s evaluation should be based on relevant conditions and events that are known and reasonably knowable at the date that the financial statements are issued (or at the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). Substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern exists when relevant conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, indicate that it is probable that the entity will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued). The term probable is used consistently with its use in Topic 450, Contingencies. |
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When management identifies conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, management should consider whether its plans that are intended to mitigate those relevant conditions or events will alleviate the substantial doubt. The mitigating effect of management’s plans should be considered only to the extent that (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented and, if so, (2) it is probable that the plans will mitigate the conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. |
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If conditions or events raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, but the substantial doubt is alleviated as a result of consideration of management’s plans, the entity should disclose information that enables users of the financial statements to understand all of the following (or refer to similar information disclosed elsewhere in the footnotes): |
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| a. | Principal conditions or events that raised substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern (before consideration of management’s plans) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| b. | Management’s evaluation of the significance of those conditions or events in relation to the entity’s ability to meet its obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| c. | Management’s plans that alleviated substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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If conditions or events raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, and substantial doubt is not alleviated after consideration of management’s plans, an entity should include a statement in the footnotes indicating that there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued). Additionally, the entity should disclose information that enables users of the financial statements to understand all of the following: |
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| a. | Principal conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| b. | Management’s evaluation of the significance of those conditions or events in relation to the entity’s ability to meet its obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| c. | Management’s plans that are intended to mitigate the conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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The amendments in this Update are effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. |
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Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, when adopted, will have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements. |