Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Use of Estimates | ' |
Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of the financial statements and related disclosure in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates relate to the valuation of indium inventory, share-based compensation, income tax, and revenue recognition. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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Cash and Cash Equivalents | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. |
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Inventory of the Metal Indium | ' |
Inventory of the Metal Indium |
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The Company’s inventory or “stockpile” of the metal indium is recorded at cost, including all associated costs of delivering the indium to the bonded storage warehouse on the date the Company takes delivery of the physical metal. Cost is determined using the specific-identification method. The stockpile of the physical metal indium and the related repurchase right were classified as noncurrent through December 31, 2012 as the Company’s primary business purpose was to stockpile indium with the objective of achieving long-term appreciation in the value of indium, if any. At December 31, 2013, the entire indium stockpile was reclassified to current assets due to the fact that during the next twelve months The Company intends to sell up to 100% of the indium stockpile to satisfy our cash requirements for our corporate initiatives based on prevailing market conditions. |
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The stockpile of the physical metal indium is carried at the lower of cost or market with cost being determined on a specific-identification method and market being determined as the net realizable value based on the spot prices obtained from Metal Bulletin as posted on Bloomberg L.P., a real-time financial information services data platform. The Company charges against earnings an inventory write-down on an interim basis for the amount by which the spot price of indium is less than cost on a specific-identification basis. Increases or decreases in the spot price of the same lots of indium held in inventory in later interim periods within the fiscal year are recognized in such interim periods. Increases in value recognized on an interim basis do not exceed the previously recognized diminution in value within that fiscal year. Further, the Company periodically reviews the indium stockpile to determine if a loss should be recognized where the utility of indium has been impaired on an other-than-temporary basis. Where such impairment is viewed as other-than-temporary, the Company will charge against earnings the amount by which the fair value is less than the cost. At December 31, 2012, certain lots of indium in inventory were adjusted to reflect a lower of cost or market write-down aggregating approximately $5.9 million, based on the spot price of indium of $485 per kilogram at December 31, 2012. There was no write down of inventory in 2013 as the spot price of indium of $675 per kilogram at December 31, 2013 was higher than $485 per kilogram. The aggregate write down against inventory at December 31, 2013 was approximately 4.0 million. The reduction in the aggregate write-down against indium inventory at December 31, 2013 was due to the sale of certain lots of inventory in 2013. |
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Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Share | ' |
Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share |
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The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) on the face of the statement of operations. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period including stock options and warrants, using the treasury-stock method. If anti-dilutive, the effect of potentially dilutive common shares is ignored. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock option or warrants. For the year ended December 31, 2013, potential shares of common stock that resulted from the assumed exercise of outstanding stock options, with exercise prices less than the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the period, were calculated using the treasury stock method. All other potentially issuable shares of common stock have been excluded from the calculation because their effect would be anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2012, all potentially issuable shares from outstanding options, warrants and unit purchase options have been excluded from the computation of the diluted EPS since the effect would be anti-dilutive. |
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Accounting for Direct Sales, Lending and Leasing Transactions | ' |
Accounting for Direct Sales, Lease and Lending Transactions |
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The stockpile of indium may be used for “direct sales”, “lease” and/or “lending” transactions. Under a “direct sale” transaction, the Company records revenue when there is pervasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. Cost of sales is recorded for the indium carrying value based on specific-identification method. Allowances, if any, are recorded based on management’s best estimate for uncollectible accounts. There is no right of return. Approximately 95% of our direct sales are sold outside the United States primarily in Asia. |
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Under indium “lending” transactions, the Company would exchange a specified tonnage and purity of indium for cash. Title and the risks and rewards of such indium ownership would pass to the purchaser/counterparty in the lending transaction. The Company would simultaneously enter into an agreement with such counterparty in which it would unconditionally commit to purchase and the counterparty would unconditionally commit to sell a specified tonnage and purity of indium that would be delivered to the Company at a fixed price and at a fixed future date in exchange for cash (the Unconditional Sale and Purchase Agreement or “USPA”). The USPA would also contain terms providing the counterparty with disincentives (“penalty fees”) for nonperformance of the return of indium to the Company as a means to assure its future supply of indium. While the Company believes that this risk would be mitigated by the penalty fee features of the USPA, it is nonetheless a risk associated with a transaction of this type. The Company accounts for any USPA transaction on a combined basis (sale and purchase) and evaluates whether, and in what period, other income may be recognized based on the specific terms of any arrangements. The Company discloses unconditional purchase obligations under these arrangements and, if applicable, will accrue net losses on such unconditional purchase obligations. Further, the cost of inventory-indium under an open USPA is reported as “indium repurchase obligation” in the accompanying balance sheet at December 31, 2013. In certain circumstances, we may sell indium to the counterparty in a USPA at a negotiated price. |
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Income arising from leasing transactions is reported as other income. Indium “lease” transactions are generally for a period of less than one year. Under the lease, a specified amount of indium is leased to the customer for a period of time. At the end of the lease, the lessee is obligated to return the equivalent quantity and purity of the indium that was delivered to the lessee at the beginning of the lease. The monthly rental income is recorded as other income over the term of the lease. In certain circumstances, we may sell indium to the lessee in at a negotiated price. |
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Income Taxes | ' |
Income Taxes |
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Income taxes are accounted under the asset-and-liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and the respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The portion of any deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized must then be offset by recording a valuation allowance. A valuation allowance has been established against all of the deferred tax assets, as it is more likely than not that these assets will not be realized given the Company’s history of operating losses and due to the fact that there is uncertainty that these assets will be realized due to the fact they we cannot predict at what prices we will be able to liquidate our indium stockpile in future years. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to income tax positions as a component of the provision for income taxes on the statements of operations in any future periods in which the Company must record a liability. |
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Share-Based Payment Arrangements | ' |
Share-Based Payment Arrangements |
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The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments (share-based payments or “SBP”) based on the grant-date fair value of the award. That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the SBP award—the requisite service period (vesting period). For SBP awards subject to conditions, compensation is not recognized until the performance condition is probable of occurrence. The grant-date fair value of share options is estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. Compensation expense for SBP awards granted to nonemployees is remeasured each period as the underlying options vest. The Company recorded non-cash charges for SBP of approximately $6 thousand and $13 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The fair value of each option granted during 2013 and 2012 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model with the weighted average assumptions in the following table: |
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| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2013 | | 2012 | |
Expected dividend yield | | 0 | % | 0 | % |
Expected option term (years) | | 5 | | 5 | |
Expected volatility | | 11 | % | 15 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 0.75-1.41 | % | 0.62-1.02 | % |
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The weighted average fair value at the date of grant for options granted during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 was $0.30 and $0.42, respectively, per share. The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. Because of the Company’s limited history of trading volume, the expected volatility was calculated based on the five-year volatility of indium. The assumed discount rate was the default risk-free interest rate provided by Bloomberg L.P. |
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Common Stock Purchase Contracts | ' |
Common Stock Purchase Contracts |
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The Company classifies as equity any common stock purchase contracts that: (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or give the Company a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) and (ii) are indexed to the Company’s common stock. The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any common stock purchase contracts that: (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net-cash settle the contract if an event occurs and that event is outside the control of the Company), (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement), or (iii) are not indexed to the Company’s common stock. The Company assesses classification of its equity-classified contracts at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities is required. The Company’s outstanding common stock purchase contracts were accounted for as equity through December 31, 2013. |
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Concentration of Credit and Market Risk | ' |
Concentration of Credit Risk |
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The Company maintains cash deposits with banks that at times exceed applicable Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limits. The Company reduces its exposure to credit risk by maintaining such deposits with high-quality financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. At December 31, 2013, the Company had cash on deposit of approximately $1.8 million in excess of federally insured limits of $0.3 million. |
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The Company grants credit, without collateral, to specialty metals companies creating a credit risk with third parties that it sells, lends or leases indium. The Company seeks to reduce its credit risk by reviewing the third party’s credit portfolio, and, when deemed necessary obtains third party guarantees. To reduce its market risks for changes in the price of indium, the USPA and lease agreements contain terms providing the third-party with disincentives (“penalty fees”) for nonperformance of the return of indium to the Company. |
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Fair Value | ' |
Fair Value |
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The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. For cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and prepaid expenses and other current assets, the carrying amount approximated the fair value because of the immediate or short-term nature of those instruments. For inventory, the carrying amount is based on lower of cost or market calculated on a specific-identification method with market being determined by the spot price of indium published by Metal Bulletin as posted on Bloomberg L.P. (a Level 2 fair value measurement). |
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Reclassifications | ' |
Reclassification |
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Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current classification. |
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements | ' |
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
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In July 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2013-11, “Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carry-forward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carry-forward Exists.” This ASU will eliminate the diversity in practice in presentation of unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carry-forward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carry-forward exists at the reporting date. This new guidance requires the netting of unrecognized tax benefits against a deferred tax asset for a loss or other carry-forward that would apply in settlement of the uncertain tax positions. Under the new guidance, unrecognized tax benefits will be netted against all available same-jurisdiction loss or other tax carry-forward that would be utilized, rather than only against carryforwards that are created by the unrecognized tax benefits. This guidance is effective prospectively, but allows optional retrospective adoption (for all periods presented), for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. As this guidance relates to presentation only, the adoption of this guidance will not impact our financial position or results of operations. |
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The FASB recently issued ASU “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) Liquidation Basis of Accounting” (ASU 2013-07) that requires an entity to prepare its financial statements using the liquidation basis of accounting when liquidation is imminent, as defined in ASU 2013-7. ASU 2013-7’s objective is to eliminate diverse practices by providing guidance about when and how to apply the model. The guidance applies to all entities except for investment companies regulated under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Since there is no imminent plan to liquidate the Company, this ASU does not apply. |
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