Exhibit 99.7
Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc.
1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW• Suite 840
Washington, DC 20036
202-467-6862• (Fax) 202-467-6963
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Cleona, Pennsylvania
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Update
Valued as of June 2, 2008
Prepared By
Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc.
Washington, D.C.
Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc.
1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW• Suite 840
Washington, DC 20036
202-467-6862• (Fax) 202-467-6963
June 2, 2008
Board of Directors
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
137 West Penn Avenue
Cleona, Pennsylvania 17042
Members of the Board:
At your request, we have completed and hereby provide an updated independent appraisal (the “Appraisal”) of the estimated pro forma market value of Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company (“Lebanon Mutual” or the “Company”), as of June 2, 2008. Pursuant to a Plan of Conversion (the “Plan”) adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company, Lebanon Mutual will convert from a Pennsylvania-chartered mutual property and casualty insurance company to a Pennsylvania-chartered stock property and casualty insurance company (the “Conversion”), issue all of its capital stock to a newly formed holding company, LMI Holdings, Inc. (“LMI Holdings”), and become a wholly-owned subsidiary of LMI Holdings. In accordance with the Plan, LMI Holdings will then offer shares of its common stock for sale in a subscription offering and, if necessary, in a community offering and a syndicated community offering. Our previous Appraisal as of April 11, 2008 is incorporated herein by reference.
To facilitate completion of the Conversion, Lebanon Mutual and LMI Holdings entered into an Investment Agreement with Griffin MTS Partners, LP (“Griffin MTS”), a newly formed Pennsylvania limited partnership created for the sole purpose of entering into the Investment Agreement with Lebanon Mutual and LMI Holdings and performing its obligations under that agreement. Under the Investment Agreement, Griffin MTS will pay the costs of the Conversion in exchange for a payment at closing and will absorb the costs fully in the event the transaction is not completed (unless the reason it is not completed is abandonment by Lebanon Mutual). In addition, Griffin MTS has agreed to purchase a significant interest in LMI Holdings to help ensure completion of the Conversion.
As part of the Conversion, LMI Holdings is offering shares of its common stock for sale in a subscription offering to the following potential subscribers: policyholders insured under policies of insurance issued by Lebanon Mutual; the Company’s employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”); directors, officers, and employees of Lebanon Mutual; and Griffin MTS. Any shares not subscribed for in the subscription offering may be offered to members of the general public in a community offering with preference given to Griffin MTS, residents of Berks, Dauphin, Lancaster, or Lebanon Counties in Pennsylvania, and licensed insurance agencies and brokers that market and distribute insurance policies issued by the Company. If there are any shares of common stock not purchased in the subscription and community offerings, they may be offered for sale to the public in a syndicated community offering.
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Board of Directors
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
June 2, 2008
Page Two
Griffin MTS has agreed to purchase up to the lesser of 35% of LMI Holdings common stock sold in the Conversion or $6,500,000 of LMI Holdings common stock. Griffin MTS will have the right to purchase $500,000 of LMI Holdings common stock in the subscription offering and has agreed to submit an order in the community offering for the balance of the shares that it has agreed to purchase. LMI Holdings will have the option to accept or reject, in whole or in part, the order submitted by Griffin MTS in the community offering.
This Appraisal is furnished in conjunction with the submission by Lebanon Mutual of the Application for Approval to Convert from Mutual to Stock Form (the “Application”) with the Pennsylvania Insurance Department under the Insurance Company Mutual to Stock Conversion Act, 40 P.S. Sections 911-Aet seq.(the “Conversion Act”). In accordance with the Plan and Section 914-A(d) of the Conversion Act, the estimated pro forma market value of the Company shall be determined by an independent valuation expert and shall represent the aggregate price of common stock sold in the Conversion. Furthermore, as permitted by Section 914-A(d) of the Conversion Act, the pro forma market value may be expressed as a range of value and may be that value that is estimated to be necessary to attract a full subscription for the shares of common stock offered for sale in the Conversion.
Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc. (“Feldman Financial”) is a financial consulting and economic research firm that specializes in financial valuations and analyses of business enterprises and securities in the financial services industries. The background of Feldman Financial is presented in Exhibit I. In preparing the Appraisal, we conducted an analysis of Lebanon Mutual that included discussions with the Company’s management and an onsite visit to the Company’s headquarters. We reviewed the audited financial statements of the Company as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 and unaudited financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008. In addition, where appropriate, we considered information based on other available published sources that we believe are reliable; however, we cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of such information.
In preparing the Appraisal, we also reviewed and analyzed: (i) financial and operating information with respect to the business, operations, and prospects of the Company furnished to us by the Company; (ii) publicly available information concerning the Company that we believe to be relevant to our analysis; (iii) a comparison of the historical financial results and present financial condition of the Company with those of selected publicly traded insurance companies that we deemed relevant; and (iv) financial performance and market valuation data of certain publicly traded insurance industry aggregates as provided by industry sources.
The Appraisal is based on the Company’s representation that the information contained in the Application and additional evidence furnished to us by the Company and its independent auditor are truthful, accurate, and complete. We did not independently verify the financial statements and other information provided by the Company and its independent auditor, nor did we independently value the assets or liabilities of the Company. The Appraisal considers the Company only as a going concern on a stand-alone basis and should not be considered as an indication of the liquidation value of the Company.
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Board of Directors
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
June 2, 2008
Page Three
It is our opinion that, as of June 2, 2008, the estimated pro forma market value of the Company was within a range (the “Valuation Range”) of $10,200,000 to $13,800,000 with a midpoint of $12,000,000. The Valuation Range was based upon a 15 percent decrease from the midpoint to determine the minimum and a 15 percent increase from the midpoint to establish the maximum.
Our Appraisal is not intended, and must not be construed, to be a recommendation of any kind as to the advisability of purchasing shares of common stock in the Conversion. Moreover, because the Appraisal is necessarily based upon estimates and projections of a number of matters, all of which are subject to change from time to time, no assurance can be given that persons who purchase shares of stock in the Conversion will thereafter be able to sell such shares at prices related to the foregoing estimate of the Company’s pro forma market value. Feldman Financial is not a seller of securities within the meaning of any federal or state securities laws and any report prepared by Feldman Financial shall not be used as an offer or solicitation with respect to the purchase or sale of any securities.
The Valuation Range reported herein will be updated as appropriate. These updates will consider, among other factors, any developments or changes in the Company’s operating performance, financial condition, or management policies, and current conditions in the securities markets for insurance company common stocks. Should any such new developments or changes be material, in our opinion, to the estimated pro forma market value of the Company, appropriate adjustments to the Valuation Range will be made. The reasons for any such adjustments will be explained in detail at that time.
| | | | |
| Respectfully submitted,
Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc. | |
| /s/ Trent R. Feldman | |
| Trent R. Feldman | |
| President | |
|
| | |
| /s/ Peter W. L. Williams | |
| Peter W. L. Williams | |
| Principal | |
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| | | | | | | | |
TAB | | | | | | PAGE |
| | | | | | | | |
I. | | Chapter One — RECENT FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE | | | | |
| | Financial Condition | | | 1 | |
| | Operating Results | | | 2 | |
| | A.M. Best Rating Update | | | 6 | |
| | | | | | | | |
II. | | Chapter Two — COMPARISONS WITH PUBLICLY TRADED COMPANIES | | | | |
| | Recent Financial Comparisons | | | 7 | |
| | Stock Price Performance and Market Conditions | | | 11 | |
| | | | | | | | |
III. | | Chapter Three — VALUATION ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION | | | | |
| | Valuation Review | | | 15 | |
| | Valuation Analysis | | | 16 | |
| | Valuation Conclusion | | | 20 | |
| | | | | | | | |
IV. | | Appendix — EXHIBITS | | | | |
| | I | | Background of Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc. | | | I-1 | |
| | II | | Statement of Contingent and Limiting Conditions | | II-1 |
| | III-1 | | Balance Sheets (December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008) | | III-1 |
| | III-2 | | Balance Sheets (December 31, 2005 and 2006) | | III-2 |
| | III-3 | | Income Statements (Quarters Ended March 31, 2007 and 2008) | | III-3 |
| | III-4 | | Income Statements (Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2007) | | III-4 |
| | III-5 | | Business Segment Earnings Summary (Quarterly: March 2007 and 2008) | | III-5 |
| | III-6 | | Business Segment Earnings Summary (Yearly: 2006 and 2007) | | III-6 |
| | III-7 | | Business Segment Operating Ratios | | III-7 |
| | III-8 | | Investment Portfolio (December 31, 2006 and 2007 and March 31, 2008) | | III-8 |
| | IV-1 | | Financial Performance Data for Public P&C Insurance Companies | | IV-1 |
| | IV-2 | | Market Valuation Data for Public P&C Insurance Companies | | IV-5 |
| | V-1 | | Pro Forma Assumptions for Conversion Valuation | | | V-1 | |
| | V-2 | | Pro Forma Conversion Valuation Range | | | V-2 | |
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
I. RECENT FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Financial Condition
Table 1 presents selected balance sheet data for Lebanon Mutual as of the year-end periods from December 31, 2005 to 2007 and quarter-end periods for March 31, 2007 and 2008. Exhibit III-1 presents the Company’s balance sheets as of December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008. Exhibit III-2 displays the Company’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 and 2007.
Table 1
Selected Financial Condition Data
As of December 31, 2005 to 2007
And March 31, 2007 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | December 31, |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2007 | | 2006 | | 2005 |
Balance Sheet Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 28,182 | | | $ | 29,970 | | | $ | 27,801 | | | $ | 30,088 | | | $ | 29,547 | |
Total investments, cash and cash equivalents | | | 21,632 | | | | 22,552 | | | | 21,218 | | | | 21,736 | | | | 21,055 | |
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses | | | 6,879 | | | | 8,015 | | | | 6,645 | | | | 9,096 | | | | 9,409 | |
Unearned premiums | | | 6,326 | | | | 6,760 | | | | 6,610 | | | | 7,074 | | | | 7,339 | |
Total liabilities | | | 14,987 | | | | 16,487 | | | | 14,727 | | | | 17,684 | | | | 18,186 | |
Total equity | | | 13,195 | | | | 13,483 | | | | 13,074 | | | | 12,404 | | | | 11,361 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity / assets | | | 46.82 | % | | | 44.99 | % | | | 47.03 | % | | | 41.23 | % | | | 38.45 | % |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
The Company’s balance sheet was relatively unchanged between December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008. Total assets increased by $381,000 or 1.2% between December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008. The asset growth was primarily attributable to a $568,000 increase in cash and cash equivalents, and was offset partially by a decrease of $154,000 in investments. The increase in cash and cash equivalents reflected an accumulation of liquidity in anticipation of
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
paying reinsurance premiums. The decrease in investments was due to a combination of sales and maturities of securities in excess of purchases along with a decline in the estimated fair value of the investment portfolio relative to cost. Total investments declined from $21.0 million at December 31, 2007 to $20.9 million at March 31, 2008. Total liabilities amounted to $15.0 million at March 31, 2008, as compared to $14.7 million at December 31, 2007. The increase of $260,000 in total liabilities was related largely to an increase of $805,000 in reinsurance premiums payable, offset partially by a $363,000 decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses and a $284,000 decrease in unearned premiums.
Total equity amounted to $13.2 million at March 31, 2008, compared to $13.1 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in the Company’s equity was attributable to net income of $56,000 for the March 2008 quarter and other comprehensive income of $65,000 related to unrealized investment holdings gains. The ratio of total equity to total assets decreased from 47.03% as of December 31, 2007 to 46.82% at March 31, 2008 as the equity growth rate of 0.9% lagged the asset growth rate of 1.4% for the March 2008 quarter.
Operating Results
Table 2 summarizes the recent operating results of Lebanon Mutual. Exhibit III-3 presents the Company’s income statements for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008. Exhibit III-4 presents the Company’s income statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007. Lebanon Mutual reported net income of $56,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to net income $239,000 for the same period in 2007. The 76% decline in the Company’s earnings reflected a higher combined ratio of 100.23% for the March 2008 quarter versus 95.13% for the March 2007 quarter.
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Table 2
Selected Income Statement Data
For the Years Ended December 31, 2005 to 2007
And the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months | | | For the Years | |
| | Ended March 31, | | | Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Income Statement Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Direct premiums written | | $ | 2,937 | | | $ | 3,270 | | | $ | 13,642 | | | $ | 14,583 | | | $ | 14,822 | |
Net premiums written | | | 1,872 | | | | 2,234 | | | | 9,618 | | | | 10,163 | | | | 10,688 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 2,173 | | | $ | 2,555 | | | $ | 9,883 | | | $ | 10,451 | | | $ | 10,485 | |
Net investment income | | | 130 | | | | 146 | | | | 581 | | | | 673 | | | | 707 | |
Net realized investment gains | | | (51 | ) | | | 44 | | | | 55 | | | | 610 | | | | (170 | ) |
Other revenue | | | 7 | | | | 31 | | | | 92 | | | | 66 | | | | 73 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | | 2,259 | | | | 2,776 | | | | 10,611 | | | | 11,800 | | | | 11,095 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses | | | 1,115 | | | | 1,392 | | | | 5,777 | | | | 6,030 | | | | 5,518 | |
Salaries and benefits | | | 372 | | | | 325 | | | | 1,248 | | | | 1,220 | | | | 1,321 | |
Commissions | | | 350 | | | | 403 | | | | 1,601 | | | | 1,740 | | | | 1,822 | |
Other operating expenses | | | 341 | | | | 311 | | | | 1,176 | | | | 1,137 | | | | 1,051 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 2,178 | | | | 2,431 | | | | 9,802 | | | | 10,127 | | | | 9,712 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | | 81 | | | | 345 | | | | 810 | | | | 1,673 | | | | 1,383 | |
Income tax expense | | | 25 | | | | 106 | | | | 227 | | | | 527 | | | | 424 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 56 | | | $ | 239 | | | $ | 583 | | | $ | 1,146 | | | $ | 959 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Ratios | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss ratio (1) | | | 51.31 | % | | | 54.48 | % | | | 58.45 | % | | | 57.70 | % | | | 52.63 | % |
Expense ratio (2) | | | 48.92 | % | | | 40.65 | % | | | 40.73 | % | | | 39.20 | % | | | 40.00 | % |
Combined ratio (3) | | | 100.23 | % | | | 95.13 | % | | | 99.18 | % | | | 96.90 | % | | | 92.63 | % |
| | |
(1) | | Losses and loss adjustment expenses divided by net premiums earned. |
|
(2) | | Underwriting expenses divided by net premiums earned. |
|
(3) | | Sum of the loss ratio and the expense ratio. |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
Underwriting income from the commercial lines segment in the first quarter of 2008 decreased from the prior year by $211,000 to $(150,000), and the personal lines segment incurred an underwriting gain of $145,000, which represented an increase of $82,000 from the
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
prior year. Overall, the Company experienced an underwriting loss of $5,000 for the March 2008 quarter as compared to an underwriting gain of $124,000 for the March 2007 quarter.
Lebanon Mutual’s total revenue for the first quarter of 2008 was $2.3 million, which was $517,000 or 18.6% less than total revenue of $2.8 million for the corresponding quarter in 2007. This decrease was primarily due to a $382,000 decrease in net premiums earned from the 2007 period to the 2008 period and a $95,000 decrease in net realized investment gains.
Direct premiums written decreased by 10.2% to $2.9 million in the March 2008 quarter, from $3.3 million in 2007 and consisted of $2.2 million of commercial lines premiums and $764,000 of personal lines premiums, compared to $2.4 million in commercial lines premiums and $852,000 in personal lines premiums for the March 2007 quarter. Net premiums earned decreased by 14.9% to $2.2 million in 2008 from $2.6 million in 2007. Commercial lines comprised $1.4 million and personal lines comprised $744,000 of net premiums earned in 2008, compared to $1.7 million and $853,000, respectively, in 2007. The overall decreases in direct premiums written and net premiums earned reflect continuing soft market conditions.
Direct commercial multi-peril premiums written (the largest component of the Company’s commercial lines segment) decreased by 15.4% to $1.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to $1.3 million in 2007, and commercial multi-peril net premiums earned decreased by 11.9% to $1.3 million in 2008, compared to $1.4 million in 2007. For the same comparative periods, direct premiums written for the Company’s homeowners insurance (the largest component of its personal lines segment) decreased 8.4% to $708,000 in 2008 compared to $773,000 in 2007 while homeowners premiums earned decreased 8.3% to $874,000 in 2008 from $953,000 in 2007. The decline in homeowners insurance premiums
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
written reflects the Company’s strategy of focusing on commercial lines and decreasing its personal lines exposure. Lebanon Mutual expects this decline to continue to be reflected in homeowners net premiums earned in future periods.
Net investment income decreased $16,000, or 11.0%, to $130,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to the same period in 2007 due to declining interest rates and a decline in the amount of the Company’s average invested assets. Net realized investment gains decreased by $95,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, to a loss of $51,000 compared to a gain of $44,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007. This decrease in net realized gains was largely attributable to the change in fair value of the convertible securities in the Company’s investment portfolio, which resulted in a decrease in net realized investment gains of $186,000. During 2007, the Company sold convertible securities having a fair value of approximately $1.0 million and reinvested the proceeds in fixed income securities to reduce its exposure to the equity markets.
For the quarter ended March 31, 2008, Lebanon Mutual reported an underwriting loss of $150,000, compared to an underwriting gain of $61,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 in the commercial lines segment. In the personal lines segment during the recent quarter, the Company had an underwriting gain of $145,000 compared to an underwriting gain of $63,000 for the corresponding quarter in 2007. The decreased profitability of the commercial lines segment reflected sluggish revenue growth, while the earnings results in the personal lines segment were aided by an unusually mild weather cycle.
Net loss and loss adjustment expenses decreased overall by $277,000 or 19.9%, to $1.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, from the same period in 2007. The Company’s
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
loss ratio decreased from 54.48% in the March 2007 quarter to 51.31% in the March 2008 quarter primarily due to the improved loss experience in the personal lines segment, which was partially offset by the adverse loss experience improvement in the commercial lines segment.
Expenses increased by $24,000, or 2.4%, to $1.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 from the same period in 2007. This increase was largely attributable to an increase in salary and wages due to accrued vacations, which was partially offset by reduced commissions paid resulting from the decline in direct premiums written. However, because of the decline in net premiums earned, the expense ratio climbed significantly from 40.65% in the March 2007 quarter to 48.92% in the March 2008 quarter.
A.M. Best Rating Update
On April 15, 2008, A.M. Best Company, Inc. (“A.M. Best”) affirmed the financial strength rating of B++ (Good) of Lebanon Mutual. A.M. Best also affirmed the outlook for the financial strength rating as stable. According to A.M. Best, the rating reflected Lebanon Mutual’s favorable risk-adjusted capitalization, consistent investment income, and several years of improved financial results. A.M. Best referenced Lebanon Mutual’s historically unfavorable underwriting performance, variable reserve development, and single-state risk concentration as partially offsetting factors.
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
II. COMPARISONS WITH PUBLICLY TRADED COMPANIES
Recent Financial Comparisons
Table 3 summarizes certain key financial comparisons between Lebanon Mutual and the Comparative Group. The selection criteria and background information for the publicly traded property and casualty (“P&C”) insurance companies comprising the Comparative Group were discussed in our prior Appraisal. Financial data for the Company, the Comparative Group, and the aggregate Public P&C Insurance Group are shown as of or for the last twelve months (“LTM”) ended March 31, 2008. The Public P&C Insurance Group includes all the companies presented in Exhibit IV.
The fundamental financial comparisons summarized in our previous Appraisal generally held constant through the LTM period ended March 31, 2008. The Company’s total assets of $28.2 million measured below the Comparative Group mean and median of $572.0 million and $533.5 million, respectively. The Company’s ratio of total policy reserves to total equity was virtually unchanged from 1.01% at December 31, 2007, measuring 1.00x at March 31, 2008 and reflecting both the Company’s strong capital position and restrained measure of underwriting leverage. The Comparative Group mean and median ratios of policy reserves to equity were 1.66x and 1.54x, respectively, as of March 31, 2008. Lebanon Mutual’s capital ratios continued to compare favorably to those of Comparative Group and the P&C industry aggregate. The Company’s ratio of total equity to total assets was 46.82% as of March 31, 2008, while the Comparative Group mean and median ratios of total equity to total assets were 34.36% and 34.86%, respectively, and the Public P&C Insurance Group mean and median capital ratios were slightly lower at 32.09% and 29.05%, respectively.
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Table 3
Comparative Financial Condition Data
Lebanon Mutual and the Comparative Group
As of March 31, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Total | | | | | | LTM | | Policy | | Cash & | | Total | | Tang. |
| | Total | | Policy | | Total | | Asset | | Resrvs./ | | Invest./ | | Equity/ | | Equity/ |
| | Assets | | Reserves | | Equity | | Growth | | Equity | | Assets | | Assets | | Assets |
| | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company | | | 28.2 | | | | 13.2 | | | | 13.2 | | | | (5.97 | ) | | | 1.00 | | | | 76.76 | | | | 46.82 | | | | 46.82 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comaprative Group Mean | | | 572.0 | | | | 309.7 | | | | 193.0 | | | | 12.59 | | | | 1.66 | | | | 70.00 | | | | 34.36 | | | | 32.88 | |
Comparative Group Median | | | 533.5 | | | | 315.8 | | | | 176.6 | | | | 7.77 | | | | 1.54 | | | | 71.56 | | | | 34.86 | | | | 32.17 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Public P&C Insurance Group Mean | | | 12,006.6 | | | | 6,219.9 | | | | 3,446.2 | | | | 12.00 | | | | 2.10 | | | | 71.08 | | | | 32.09 | | | | 30.07 | |
Public P&C Insurance Group Median | | | 2,747.4 | | | | 1,454.4 | | | | 763.4 | | | | 4.75 | | | | 1.99 | | | | 72.86 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 27.36 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparative Group | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21st Century Holding Company | | | 217.7 | | | | 114.9 | | | | 84.9 | | | | 0.03 | | | | 1.35 | | | | 77.43 | | | | 38.99 | | | | 38.99 | |
Baldwin & Lyons, Inc. | | | 822.9 | | | | 400.4 | | | | 369.3 | | | | (2.87 | ) | | | 1.08 | | | | 75.62 | | | | 44.88 | | | | 44.88 | |
CRM Holdings, Ltd. | | | 392.0 | | | | 207.1 | | | | 113.9 | | | | 24.47 | | | | 1.82 | | | | 77.84 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 28.42 | |
Darwin Professional Underwriters | | | 887.2 | | | | 562.2 | | | | 269.3 | | | | 28.11 | | | | 2.09 | | | | 69.05 | | | | 30.36 | | | | 29.37 | |
Donegal Group, Inc. | | | 868.6 | | | | 452.2 | | | | 356.7 | | | | 3.66 | | | | 1.27 | | | | 73.04 | | | | 41.06 | | | | 41.03 | |
Eastern Insurance Holdings, Inc. | | | 391.3 | | | | 183.6 | | | | 167.5 | | | | 0.27 | | | | 1.10 | | | | 74.71 | | | | 42.81 | | | | 40.68 | |
First Mercury Financial Corporation | | | 831.7 | | | | 435.3 | | | | 239.5 | | | | 46.76 | | | | 1.82 | | | | 59.49 | | | | 28.80 | | | | 21.95 | |
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. | | | 519.1 | | | | 239.8 | | | | 185.7 | | | | 20.10 | | | | 1.29 | | | | 70.07 | | | | 35.77 | | | | 28.43 | |
Mercer Insurance Group, Inc. | | | 547.9 | | | | 369.3 | | | | 136.6 | | | | 7.30 | | | | 2.70 | | | | 66.89 | | | | 24.94 | | | | 24.19 | |
National Interstate Corporation | | | 999.1 | | | | 520.2 | | | | 218.1 | | | | 8.23 | | | | 2.39 | | | | 52.64 | | | | 21.83 | | | | 21.83 | |
National Security Group, Inc. | | | 139.9 | | | | 72.5 | | | | 47.5 | | | | 4.19 | | | | 1.53 | | | | 78.91 | | | | 33.95 | | | | 33.95 | |
SeaBright Insurance Holdings | | | 776.7 | | | | 405.5 | | | | 305.1 | | | | 21.39 | | | | 1.33 | | | | 66.94 | | | | 39.29 | | | | 38.96 | |
Specialty Underwriters’ Alliance | | | 421.3 | | | | 262.3 | | | | 135.5 | | | | 11.77 | | | | 1.94 | | | | 57.25 | | | | 32.16 | | | | 30.39 | |
Unico American Corporation | | | 193.0 | | | | 110.6 | | | | 71.8 | | | | 2.83 | | | | 1.54 | | | | 80.14 | | | | 37.20 | | | | 37.20 | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial data; SNL Financial.
8
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
The Company’s ratio of cash and investments to total assets was 76.8% as of March 31, 2008, and remained above the Comparative Group mean and median ratios of 70.0% and 71.6%. The Company’s total assets decreased by 6.0% over the LTM period ended March 31, 2008. In contrast, the Comparative Group reflected mean and median asset growth rates of 12.6% and 7.8% for the corresponding period.
Table 4 compares Lebanon Mutual with the Comparative Group and Public P&C Insurance Group based on selected measures of profitability. The Company’s LTM and quarterly return on average assets (“ROA”) and return on average equity (“ROE”) were below the corresponding Comparative Group ratios. The Company’s ROA for the LTM ended March 31, 2008 was 1.38% and trailed the Comparative Group mean and median ROA results of 5.16% and 4.85%, respectively. Lebanon Mutual experienced a lower ROA for the recent LTM period versus the 2.01% ROA for the LTM ended December 31, 2007, while the Comparative Group’s mean and median ratios were largely unchanged. The Company’s profitability was impacted by its relatively high combined ratio of 100.5% and recognition of net realized investment losses for the LTM ended March 31, 2008. The Company’s LTM ROE of 3.00% was below the Comparative Group’s mean and median of 15.61% and 13.16%, respectively.
For the recent March 2008 quarter, the Company’s annualized ROA of 0.81% was also below the Comparative Group mean and median ratios of 3.76% and 3.66%, respectively. The Company’s annualized ROE of 1.72% for the quarter trailed the Comparative Group mean and median ratios of 11.74% and 12.44%, respectively. The Company’s combined ratio of 100.2% exceeded the Comparative Group’s mean and median combined ratios of 88.3%, and 90.7%, respectively, for the March 2008 quarter.
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Table 4
Comparative Operating Performance Data
Lebanon Mutual and the Comparative Group
For the Last Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | LTM Net | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Prem. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | | | | | | | |
| | Total | | Written/ | | Loss | | Exp. | | Comb. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | LTM | | LTM |
| | Rev. | | Avg.Eq. | | Ratio | | Ratio | | Ratio | | ROA | | ROE | | ROA | | ROE |
| | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company | | | 10.1 | | | | 0.69 | | | | 51.3 | | | | 48.9 | | | | 100.2 | | | | 0.81 | | | | 1.72 | | | | 1.38 | | | | 3.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comaprative Group Mean | | | 193.4 | | | | 1.06 | | | | 56.5 | | | | 30.6 | | | | 88.3 | | | | 3.76 | | | | 11.74 | | | | 5.16 | | | | 15.61 | |
Comparative Group Median | | | 185.3 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 59.7 | | | | 30.5 | | | | 90.7 | | | | 3.66 | | | | 12.44 | | | | 4.85 | | | | 13.16 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Public P&C Insurance Group Mean | | | 0.0 | | | | 0.96 | | | | 61.4 | | | | 30.8 | | | | 89.6 | | | | 3.17 | | | | 11.13 | | | | 4.32 | | | | 14.75 | |
Public P&C Insurance Group Median | | | 0.0 | | | | 0.91 | | | | 59.6 | | | | 30.5 | | | | 92.1 | | | | 3.13 | | | | 10.94 | | | | 4.05 | | | | 14.14 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparative Group | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21st Century Holding Company | | | 113.6 | | | | 0.87 | | | | 42.3 | | | NA | | NA | | | 7.89 | | | | 20.75 | | | | 11.14 | | | | 31.82 | |
Baldwin & Lyons, Inc. | | | 229.9 | | | NA | | | 65.3 | | | | 33.2 | | | | 98.5 | | | | (2.21 | ) | | | (4.92 | ) | | | 5.01 | | | | 11.31 | |
CRM Holdings, Ltd. | | | 163.7 | | | | 1.30 | | | | 43.2 | | | | 31.9 | | | | 75.1 | | | | 5.16 | | | | 17.98 | | | | 6.15 | | | | 22.11 | |
Darwin Professional Underwriters | | | 216.3 | | | | 0.86 | | | | 38.4 | | | | 26.3 | | | | 64.7 | | | | 6.93 | | | | 22.71 | | | | 5.39 | | | | 17.31 | |
Donegal Group, Inc. | | | 346.7 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 65.3 | | | | 32.2 | | | | 97.5 | | | | 3.16 | | | | 7.58 | | | | 4.68 | | | | 11.53 | |
Eastern Insurance Holdings, Inc. | | | 148.8 | | | | 0.76 | | | | 59.7 | | | | 36.9 | | | | 96.7 | | | | 2.65 | | | | 5.96 | | | | 4.64 | | | | 10.37 | |
First Mercury Financial Corporation | | | 204.1 | | | | 0.83 | | | | 53.8 | | | | 21.2 | | | | 75.0 | | | | 4.93 | | | | 16.59 | | | | 5.95 | | | | 19.23 | |
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. | | | 281.7 | | | | 1.39 | | | | 60.3 | | | | 29.0 | | | | 89.3 | | | | 5.01 | | | | 15.46 | | | | 5.74 | | | | 17.20 | |
Mercer Insurance Group, Inc. | | | 166.4 | | | | 1.24 | | | | 63.4 | | | | 34.7 | | | | 98.1 | | | | 1.89 | | | | 7.68 | | | | 2.65 | | | | 11.13 | |
National Interstate Corporation | | | 289.5 | | | | 1.40 | | | | 61.6 | | | | 22.7 | | | | 84.3 | | | | 4.03 | | | | 17.77 | | | | 4.62 | | | | 21.02 | |
National Security Group, Inc. | | | 70.6 | | | NA | | NA | | NA | | NA | | | 2.27 | | | | 6.52 | | | | 4.22 | | | | 11.85 | |
SeaBright Insurance Holdings | | | 263.7 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 52.9 | | | | 27.6 | | | | 80.5 | | | | 5.67 | | | | 14.48 | | | | 5.75 | | | | 14.47 | |
Specialty Underwriters’ Alliance | | | 163.0 | | | | 1.11 | | | | 58.9 | | | | 48.9 | | | | 107.8 | | | | 3.28 | | | | 10.40 | | | | 3.23 | | | | 10.38 | |
Unico American Corporation | | | 49.6 | | | NA | | | 69.0 | | | | 23.0 | | | | 92.0 | | | | 1.99 | | | | 5.42 | | | | 3.09 | | | | 8.77 | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial data; SNL Financial.
10
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
The lack of top-line revenue growth continues to restrain the Company’s profitability. For the quarter ended March 31, 2008, Lebanon Mutual exhibited a loss ratio of 51.3%, an expense ratio of 48.9%, and a combined ratio of 100.2%. The Company reported an underwriting loss of $5,000 for the recent quarter. For the same quarterly period, the Comparative Group’s median loss, expense, and combined ratios were 59.7%, 30.5%, and 90.7%, respectively. The Company’s ratio of net premiums written to average equity declined further to 0.69% for the LTM ended March 31, 2008, and lagged significantly behind the Comparative Group’s mean and median ratios of 1.06x and 0.97x, respectively.
Stock Price Performance and Market Conditions
Table 5 summarizes the stock price and valuation ratio changes of the Comparative Group companies from April 11, 2008 (the date of our prior Appraisal) and June 2, 2008 (the date of the current Appraisal). Stock prices of the Comparative Group companies exhibited varied movement as seven members reported a net price gain, and seven experienced a net price decline. The mean and median price changes among the Comparative Group were negative 0.4% and 2.0%, respectively. The SNL All Public Insurance Index declined 0.2% in the seven-week period between April 11, 2008 and June 2, 2008. The broader market exhibited modest upward movement as reflected by the Dow Jones Industrials Average and Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index increasing by 1.5% and 4.0%, respectively.
The market trading valuation ratios of the Comparative Group have not changed materially since our original Appraisal. The Comparative Group’s mean price-to-book ratio (“P/B”) decreased slightly from 107.5% to 106.8%, while the median price-to-book ratio decreased from 100.4% to 97.4%. The mean price-to-earnings ratio (“P/E”) of the Comparative
11
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Group increased marginally from 7.7x to 7.8x over the observed time period, and the median price-to-earnings ratio increased from 7.4x to 7.8x.
Table 6 presents the performance of selected market indexes through June 2, 2008. Following on the heels of the first quarter of 2008, the months of April and May continued the extension of a challenging period for the equity markets. Amid the turmoil and volatility affecting stocks as a whole over the past year, the insurance sector continues to lag the broader market but outperform the overall financials sector. However, the earnings performance of the P&C insurance industry slipped in the first quarter of 2008 due to slow top-line premium growth, reduced investment income, and increased realized losses on investments. Lower premiums were a direct result of the soft market stemming from excess capital in the industry. Reduced investment income was attributable to the lowering of interest rates by the Federal Reserve to combat inflation. Volatility in the financial markets contributed to many companies reporting mixed investment results and write-downs in their investment portfolios.
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Table 5
Comparative Market Valuation Performance
From April 11, 2008 to June 2, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 4/11/08 | | 6/02/08 | | | | | | | 4/11/08 | | 6/02/08 | | | 4/11/08 | | 6/02/08 | | | 4/11/08 | | 6/02/08 | |
| | Closing | | Closing | | | | | | | Price/ | | Price/ | | | Price/ | | Price/ | | | Price/ | | Price/ | |
| | Market | | Market | | Pct. | | | Book | | Book | | | Tang. | | Tang. | | | LTM | | LTM | |
| | Price | | Price | | Chg. | | | Value | | Value | | | Book | | Book | | | EPS | | EPS | |
Company or Aggregate | | ($) | | ($) | | (%) | | | (%) | | (%) | | | (%) | | (%) | | | (x) | | (x) | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Comparative Group Mean | | NA | | | NA | | | | (0.4 | ) | | | | 107.5 | | | | 106.8 | | | | | 114.6 | | | | 116.7 | | | | | 7.7 | | | | 7.8 | | |
Comparative Group Median | | NA | | | NA | | | | 2.0 | | | | | 100.4 | | | | 97.4 | | | | | 105.5 | | | | 101.5 | | | | | 7.4 | | | | 7.8 | | |
Public P&C Insurance Mean | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | | | 121.4 | | | | 120.0 | | | | | 133.2 | | | | 131.4 | | | | | 8.8 | | | | 9.3 | | |
Public P&C Insurance Median | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | | | 114.5 | | | | 108.6 | | | | | 121.4 | | | | 117.6 | | | | | 7.5 | | | | 8.6 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparative Group | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21st Century Holding Company | | | 12.33 | | | | 10.37 | | | | (15.9 | ) | | | | 119.5 | | | | 97.0 | | | | | 119.5 | | | | 97.0 | | | | | 4.7 | | | | 3.4 | | |
Baldwin & Lyons, Inc. | | | 24.45 | | | | 21.28 | | | | (13.0 | ) | | | | 97.9 | | | | 87.8 | | | | | 97.9 | | | | 87.8 | | | | | 6.7 | | | | 7.6 | | |
CRM Holdings, Ltd. | | | 4.96 | | | | 3.39 | | | | (31.7 | ) | | | | 75.6 | | | | 48.8 | | | | | 77.6 | | | | 50.4 | | | | | 4.0 | | | | 2.5 | | |
Darwin Professional Underwriters | | | 22.55 | | | | 27.91 | | | | 23.8 | | | | | 151.0 | | | | 176.2 | | | | | 155.6 | | | | 184.7 | | | | | 11.9 | | | | 11.4 | | |
Donegal Group, Inc. | | | 16.31 | | | | 17.41 | | | | 6.7 | | | | | 117.2 | | | | 124.2 | | | | | 117.3 | | | | 124.3 | | | | | 10.9 | | | | 11.3 | | |
Eastern Insurance Holdings, Inc. | | | 16.40 | | | | 16.06 | | | | (2.1 | ) | | | | 100.8 | | | | 97.8 | | | | | 109.7 | | | | 106.7 | | | | | 9.3 | | | | 9.1 | | |
First Mercury Financial Corp. | | | 16.39 | | | | 17.42 | | | | 6.3 | | | | | 128.5 | | | | 133.0 | | | | | 152.9 | | | | 191.3 | | | | | 7.3 | | | | 7.8 | | |
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. | | | 9.89 | | | | 11.71 | | | | 18.4 | | | | | 114.6 | | | | 131.1 | | | | | 163.8 | | | | 183.8 | | | | | 7.5 | | | | 8.3 | | |
Mercer Insurance Group, Inc. | | | 16.35 | | | | 17.31 | | | | 5.9 | | | | | 76.1 | | | | 78.9 | | | | | 79.6 | | | | 82.2 | | | | | 7.3 | | | | 7.7 | | |
National Interstate Corporation | | | 21.98 | | | | 22.91 | | | | 4.2 | | | | | 198.4 | | | | 202.6 | | | | | 198.4 | | | | 202.6 | | | | | 9.8 | | | | 10.5 | | |
National Security Group, Inc. | | | 16.70 | | | | 16.67 | | | | (0.2 | ) | | | | 85.0 | | | | 86.6 | | | | | 85.0 | | | | 86.6 | | | | | 6.8 | | | | 7.3 | | |
SeaBright Insurance Holdings, Inc. | | | 14.13 | | | | 15.11 | | | | 6.9 | | | | | 100.0 | | | | 104.7 | | | | | 101.4 | | | | 106.1 | | | | | 7.4 | | | | 7.8 | | |
Specialty Underwriters’ Alliance | | | 5.00 | | | | 4.75 | | | | (5.0 | ) | | | | 59.4 | | | | 54.9 | | | | | 64.7 | | | | 59.6 | | | | | 6.1 | | | | 5.7 | | |
Unico American Corporation | | | 10.12 | | | | 9.11 | | | | (10.0 | ) | | | | 81.5 | | | | 71.4 | | | | | 81.5 | | | | 71.4 | | | | | 8.7 | | | | 8.8 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Market Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance Index | | | 484.7 | | | | 483.7 | | | | (0.2 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance Underwriter Index | | | 485.4 | | | | 483.2 | | | | (0.4 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance P&C Index | | | 394.1 | | | | 404.7 | | | | 2.7 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance < $250M Assets | | | 507.6 | | | | 484.9 | | | | (4.5 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Micro Cap Insurance < $250M | | | 326.2 | | | | 320.9 | | | | (1.6 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dow Jones Industrials Average | | | 12,324.4 | | | | 12,503.8 | | | | 1.5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
S&P500 Stock Index | | | 1,332.8 | | | | 1,385.7 | | | | 4.0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Source: SNL Financial; Feldman Financial.
13
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Table 6
Selected Stock Market Index Performance
For the Period Ended June 2, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Prior | | Year | | One | | Three |
| | Index | | Appraisal | | To Date | | Year | | Year |
| | Value | | 04/11/08 | | Change | | Change | | Change |
Selected Insurance Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance | | | 483.69 | | | | (0.20) | % | | | (16.84) | % | | | (22.43) | % | | | 3.44 | % |
SNL Insurance Underwriter | | | 483.20 | | | | (0.45 | ) | | | (17.31 | ) | | | (22.83 | ) | | | 2.97 | |
SNL Insurance Broker | | | 597.51 | | | | 5.25 | | | | (5.53 | ) | | | (13.03 | ) | | | 14.60 | |
Standard & Poor’s Insurance | | | 303.21 | | | | (2.50 | ) | | | (16.46 | ) | | | (27.34 | ) | | | (3.08 | ) |
NASDAQ Insurance | | | 3,844.23 | | | | (0.31 | ) | | | (5.68 | ) | | | (11.19 | ) | | | 15.22 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Sector Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance Property & Casualty | | | 404.67 | | | | 2.68 | | | | (5.61 | ) | | | (1.29 | ) | | | 23.20 | |
SNL Insurance Multiline | | | 373.75 | | | | (8.00 | ) | | | (28.71 | ) | | | (41.54 | ) | | | (19.49 | ) |
SNL Insurance Life & Health | | | 681.95 | | | | (1.90 | ) | | | (8.62 | ) | | | (16.59 | ) | | | 28.44 | |
SNL Reinsurance | | | 778.71 | | | | (10.81 | ) | | | (23.23 | ) | | | (25.00 | ) | | | (5.95 | ) |
SNL Managed Care | | | 608.93 | | | | 5.70 | | | | (33.93 | ) | | | (31.09 | ) | | | (12.97 | ) |
SNL Title Insurer | | | 623.44 | | | | (7.81 | ) | | | 4.65 | | | | (43.78 | ) | | | (34.77 | ) |
SNL Mortgage & Financial Guaranty | | | 70.78 | | | | (18.76 | ) | | | (61.07 | ) | | | (88.29 | ) | | | (85.50 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Asset Size Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Insurance <$250 Million | | | 484.89 | | | | (4.48 | ) | | | (8.12 | ) | | | (16.99 | ) | | | (11.67 | ) |
SNL Insurance $250 Million — $500 Million | | | 436.78 | | | | (4.07 | ) | | | (6.34 | ) | | | (31.40 | ) | | | (2.73 | ) |
SNL Insurance $500 Million — $1 Billion | | | 372.64 | | | | 3.33 | | | | (11.51 | ) | | | (20.46 | ) | | | (14.59 | ) |
SNL Insurance $1 Billion — $2.5 Billion | | | 699.11 | | | | 7.56 | | | | (6.16 | ) | | | (14.08 | ) | | | 18.41 | |
SNL Insurance $2.5 Billion — $10 Billion | | | 485.38 | | | | 1.27 | | | | (12.83 | ) | | | (29.62 | ) | | | (3.59 | ) |
SNL Insurance > $10 Billion | | | 485.50 | | | | (0.80 | ) | | | (18.04 | ) | | | (22.20 | ) | | | 2.75 | |
SNL Insurance > $1 Billion | | | 507.29 | | | | (0.46 | ) | | | (17.38 | ) | | | (22.86 | ) | | | 2.37 | |
SNL Insurance < $1 Billion | | | 454.19 | | | | 1.25 | | | | (10.82 | ) | | | (21.78 | ) | | | (13.40 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Market Cap Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
SNL Micro Cap Insurance | | | 320.94 | | | | (1.60 | ) | | | (12.61 | ) | | | (26.81 | ) | | | 10.90 | |
SNL Small Cap Insurance | | | 514.49 | | | | (0.24 | ) | | | (17.56 | ) | | | (25.37 | ) | | | 11.42 | |
SNL Mid Cap Insurance | | | 322.65 | | | | 1.24 | | | | (12.16 | ) | | | (32.89 | ) | | | (10.92 | ) |
SNL Large Cap Insurance | | | 408.57 | | | | (0.50 | ) | | | (18.08 | ) | | | (21.45 | ) | | | 3.51 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Broad Market Indexes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dow Jones Industrials Average | | | 12,503.82 | | | | 1.45 | | | | (5.74 | ) | | | (8.52 | ) | | | 18.48 | |
Standard &Poor’s 500 | | | 1,385.67 | | | | 3.96 | | | | (5.63 | ) | | | (9.81 | ) | | | 15.06 | |
Standard & Poor’s Mid-Cap | | | 874.55 | | | | 9.41 | | | | 1.91 | | | | (5.12 | ) | | | 28.94 | |
Standard & Poor’s Small-Cap | | | 391.39 | | | | 7.53 | | | | (0.95 | ) | | | (11.71 | ) | | | 19.54 | |
Standard & Poor’s Financials | | | 327.20 | | | | (2.99 | ) | | | (16.55 | ) | | | (35.70 | ) | | | (17.04 | ) |
SNL All Financial Institutions | | | 613.69 | | | | (1.58 | ) | | | (16.88 | ) | | | (32.39 | ) | | | (13.87 | ) |
NASDAQ | | | 2,491.53 | | | | 8.79 | | | | (6.06 | ) | | | (4.68 | ) | | | 18.77 | |
NASDAQ Financial | | | 2,578.69 | | | | 2.17 | | | | (10.07 | ) | | | (21.45 | ) | | | (4.75 | ) |
NYSE | | | 9,316.61 | | | | 4.26 | | | | (4.35 | ) | | | (7.23 | ) | | | 29.29 | |
Russell 1000 | | | 1,462.26 | | | | 4.61 | | | | (4.89 | ) | | | (9.27 | ) | | | 8.35 | |
Russell 2000 | | | 1,841.61 | | | | 7.68 | | | | (3.27 | ) | | | (13.17 | ) | | | 0.48 | |
Russell 3000 | | | 1,485.67 | | | | 4.85 | | | | (4.77 | ) | | | (9.61 | ) | | | 7.64 | |
Source: SNL Financial.
14
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
III. VALUATION ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION
Valuation Review
In our original Appraisal, we concluded that the Company’s estimated pro forma market value should be discounted on a price-to-book basis relative to the trading market valuations of the Comparative Group. Contributing factors to the discounted valuation were the Company’s restrained earnings prospects and its surplus capital position relative to the Comparative Group. We also took into account the new issue discount for initial public offerings of equity securities and the lesser liquidity anticipated with the Company’s stock issuance and listing.
Lebanon Mutual’s earnings declined by 31.3% to $400,000 for the LTM period ended March 31, 2008, as compared to $583,000 for the prior LTM period ended December 31, 2007. As discussed earlier, the Company’s earnings were impacted by essentially breakeven results from its underwriting operations and recognition of net realized investment losses for the LTM ended March 31, 2008. Net investment income has become the key component of the Company’s profitability as underwriting losses and expenses exceed a declining base of net premiums earned.
On the whole, the Comparative Group’s earnings performance and market valuation ratios did not change materially since our previous Appraisal. The median price-to-book ratio of the Comparative Group decreased from 100.4% at April 11, 2008 to 97.4% at June 2, 2008, and the median price-to-LTM earnings ratio increased to 7.8x at June 2, 2008 as compared to 7.7x at April 11, 2008. Because of the Company’s restrained earnings fundamentals and near-term outlook, we continue to believe that the price-to-book ratio carries greater weighting as a valuation metric as compared to the price-to-earnings ratio.
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FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Valuation Analysis
Based on our review of the Company’s recent financial performance, its near-term earnings outlook, and the updated financial performance and trading market valuations for the Comparative Group, we believe that the estimated pro forma market value of Lebanon Mutual should be maintained at the current Valuation Range. In our prior Appraisal, we determined that a discount of approximately 40% to 50% based on the price-to-book valuation metric was reasonable and appropriate for determining the Company’s pro forma Valuation Range relative to the Comparative Group’s trading ratios. Accordingly, we affirm that this comparative valuation relationship on a price-to-book basis is still applicable and that the current Valuation Range is still reflective of the aforementioned comparative fundamentals.
Considering financial data as of March 31, 2008, the Company is valued at a pro forma price-to-book ratio of 51.3% at the minimum, 55.8% at the midpoint, and 59.7% at the maximum as shown in Table 7. Lebanon Mutual is valued at a pro forma price-to-earnings ratio of 19.2x, 21.5x, and 23.7x at the minimum, midpoint, and maximum, respectively, of the Valuation Range.
Table 8 displays the trading market price valuation ratios of the Comparative Group as of June 2, 2008. Exhibit V displays the pro forma assumptions and calculations utilized in analyzing the Company’s valuation ratios. The Company’s pro forma P/B valuation ratios reflect discounts to the Comparative Group’s median ratio of 97.4% measuring 38.7% at the valuation maximum, 42.7% at the valuation midpoint, and 47.3% at the valuation minimum. The Company’s P/B valuation ratios reflect discounts to the Comparative Group’s mean of 106.8% measuring 44.1% at the valuation maximum, 47.8% at the valuation midpoint, and
16
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
52.0% at the valuation minimum. In our opinion, these levels of discounts are appropriate to reflect the previously discussed adjustments for earnings prospects, the new issue discount, and liquidity of the issue. In addition, we also took into consideration the low returns on equity that would be anticipated by the Company on a pro forma stand-alone basis as its capital levels reach very high levels ranging from a 57.01% equity-to-assets ratio at the valuation minimum to 58.92% at the valuation midpoint and 60.67% at the valuation maximum. The Company’s pro forma equity ratios would exceed all of the capital ratios reported by the Comparative Group companies.
Based on the Valuation Range, the Company’s pro forma P/E ratios ranged from the minimum of 19.2x to 23.7x at the maximum based on pro forma LTM earnings per share (“EPS”). In comparison, the Comparative Group’s mean and median P/E ratios were both 7.8x. As noted previously, the Company’s higher pro forma P/E ratios do not reflect premium valuation ratios as qualitative measures, but rather are reflective of the Company’s low historical earnings base that produces comparatively high pro forma P/E multiples.
Based on the price-to-assets (“P/A”) measure, the Company’s midpoint valuation of $12.0 million reflects a P/A ratio of 32.89%, ranging from 29.26% at the minimum to 36.22% at the maximum. The Company’s P/A valuation ratio at the maximum is within range of the Comparative Group’s corresponding mean and median P/A ratios of 35.68% and 38.86%, respectively. To some extent, as reflected by the comparable P/A ratios, the Company’s profitability disadvantage relative to the Comparative Group continues to be offset partially by its solid pro forma capital position. Similarly, the Company’s pro forma price-to-total revenue
17
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS,INC.
ratios are supported by the strong capital position and measured 1.16x at the midpoint valuation versus the mean and median ratios of 1.06x and 1.04x, respectively, for the Comparative Group.
Table 7
Comparative Appraisal Valuation Ratios For
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Based on the Estimated Pro Forma Market Valuation Range
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Pro Forma Market Valuation Range |
| | Minimum | | Midpoint | | Maximum |
| | $10,200 | | $12,000 | | $13,800 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Appraisal date: June 2, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial data: March 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Price-to-book value ratio | | | 51.32 | % | | | 55.83 | % | | | 59.70 | % |
Price-to-tangible book value ratio | | | 51.32 | % | | | 55.83 | % | | | 59.70 | % |
Price-to-LTM earnings per share | | | 19.23 | x | | | 21.55 | x | | | 23.65 | x |
Price-to-total assets | | | 29.26 | % | | | 32.89 | % | | | 36.22 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Appraisal date: April 11, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial data: Dec. 31, 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Price-to-book value ratio | | | 51.64 | % | | | 56.14 | % | | | 60.02 | % |
Price-to-tangible book value ratio | | | 51.64 | % | | | 56.14 | % | | | 60.02 | % |
Price-to-LTM earnings per share | | | 13.92 | x | | | 15.81 | x | | | 17.57 | x |
Price-to-total assets | | | 29.58 | % | | | 33.24 | % | | | 36.58 | % |
Source: Feldman Financial.
18
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Table 8
Comparative Market Valuation Analysis
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company and the Comparative Group
Market Price Data as of June 2, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Closing | | | | | | Total | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Total | | Current |
| | Stock | | Total | | Market | | Book | | Tang. | | LTM | | Oper. | | Total | | Total | | Equity/ | | Div. |
| | Price | | Assets | | Value | | Value | | Book | | EPS | | EPS | | Rev. | | Assets | | Assets | | Yield |
Company | | ($) | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (%) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pro Forma Minimum | | | 10.00 | | | | 34.9 | | | | 10.2 | | | | 51.3 | | | | 51.3 | | | | 19.2 | | | | 18.2 | | | | 0.99 | | | | 29.26 | | | | 57.01 | | | | 0.00 | |
Pro Forma Midpoint | | | 10.00 | | | | 36.5 | | | | 12.0 | | | | 55.8 | | | | 55.8 | | | | 21.5 | | | | 20.5 | | | | 1.16 | | | | 32.89 | | | | 58.92 | | | | 0.00 | |
Pro Forma Maximum | | | 10.00 | | | | 38.1 | | | | 13.8 | | | | 59.7 | | | | 59.7 | | | | 23.7 | | | | 22.5 | | | | 1.32 | | | | 36.22 | | | | 60.67 | | | | 0.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparative Group Mean | | NA | | | 572.0 | | | | 224.1 | | | | 106.8 | | | | 116.7 | | | | 7.8 | | | | 9.2 | | | | 1.06 | | | | 35.68 | | | | 34.36 | | | | 1.71 | |
Comparative Group Median | | NA | | | 533.5 | | | | 199.1 | | | | 97.4 | | | | 101.5 | | | | 7.8 | | | | 8.9 | | | | 1.04 | | | | 38.86 | | | | 34.86 | | | | 0.53 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Public P&C Insurance Mean | | NA | | | 12,006.6 | | | | 4,778.7 | | | | 120.0 | | | | 131.4 | | | | 9.3 | | | | 10.3 | | | | 1.45 | | | | 35.58 | | | | 32.09 | | | | 1.50 | |
Public P&C Insurance Median | | NA | | | 2,747.4 | | | | 938.0 | | | | 108.6 | | | | 117.6 | | | | 8.6 | | | | 8.9 | | | | 1.16 | | | | 34.38 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 1.17 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparative Group | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21st Century Holding Company | | | 10.37 | | | | 217.7 | | | | 82.4 | | | | 97.0 | | | | 97.0 | | | | 3.4 | | | | 3.2 | | | | 0.72 | | | | 37.83 | | | | 38.99 | | | | 6.94 | |
Baldwin & Lyons, Inc. | | | 21.28 | | | | 822.9 | | | | 324.5 | | | | 87.8 | | | | 87.8 | | | | 7.6 | | | | 12.7 | | | | 1.41 | | | | 39.44 | | | | 44.88 | | | | 4.70 | |
CRM Holdings, Ltd. | | | 3.39 | | | | 392.0 | | | | 54.4 | | | | 48.8 | | | | 50.4 | | | | 2.5 | | | NA | | | 0.33 | | | | 13.88 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 0.00 | |
Darwin Professional Underwriters | | | 27.91 | | | | 887.2 | | | | 474.7 | | | | 176.2 | | | | 184.7 | | | | 11.4 | | | NA | | | 2.19 | | | | 53.50 | | | | 30.36 | | | | 0.00 | |
Donegal Group, Inc. | | | 17.41 | | | | 868.6 | | | | 444.8 | | | | 124.2 | | | | 124.3 | | | | 11.3 | | | | 11.7 | | | | 1.28 | | | | 51.21 | | | | 41.06 | | | | 2.41 | |
Eastern Insurance Holdings, Inc. | | | 16.06 | | | | 391.3 | | | | 154.4 | | | | 97.8 | | | | 106.7 | | | | 9.1 | | | | 9.8 | | | | 1.04 | | | | 39.46 | | | | 42.81 | | | | 1.74 | |
First Mercury Financial Corp. | | | 17.42 | | | | 831.7 | | | | 318.4 | | | | 133.0 | | | | 191.3 | | | | 7.8 | | | | 7.9 | | | | 1.56 | | | | 38.28 | | | | 28.80 | | | | 0.00 | |
Hallmark Financial Services, Inc. | | | 11.71 | | | | 519.1 | | | | 243.7 | | | | 131.1 | | | | 183.8 | | | | 8.3 | | | | 8.9 | | | | 0.86 | | | | 46.95 | | | | 35.77 | | | | 0.00 | |
Mercer Insurance Group, Inc. | | | 17.31 | | | | 547.9 | | | | 113.7 | | | | 78.9 | | | | 82.2 | | | | 7.7 | | | | 7.4 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 20.75 | | | | 24.94 | | | | 1.73 | |
National Interstate Corporation | | | 22.91 | | | | 999.1 | | | | 444.0 | | | | 202.6 | | | | 202.6 | | | | 10.5 | | | NA | | | 1.53 | | | | 44.44 | | | | 21.83 | | | | 1.05 | |
National Security Group, Inc. | | | 16.67 | | | | 139.9 | | | | 41.1 | | | | 86.6 | | | | 86.6 | | | | 7.3 | | | | 12.4 | | | | 0.58 | | | | 29.40 | | | | 33.95 | | | | 5.40 | |
SeaBright Insurance Holdings, Inc. | | | 15.11 | | | | 776.7 | | | | 320.3 | | | | 104.7 | | | | 106.1 | | | | 7.8 | | | NA | | | 1.21 | | | | 41.24 | | | | 39.29 | | | | 0.00 | |
Specialty Underwriters’ Alliance | | | 4.75 | | | | 421.3 | | | | 69.8 | | | | 54.9 | | | | 59.6 | | | | 5.7 | | | NA | | | 0.43 | | | | 16.57 | | | | 32.16 | | | | 0.00 | |
Unico American Corporation | | | 9.11 | | | | 193.0 | | | | 51.3 | | | | 71.4 | | | | 71.4 | | | | 8.8 | | | | 8.8 | | | | 1.03 | | | | 26.56 | | | | 37.20 | | | | 0.00 | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual; SNL Financial; Feldman Financial.
19
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Valuation Conclusion
It is our opinion that, as of June 2, 2008, the estimated pro forma market value of the Company was within a range (the “Valuation Range”) of $10,200,000 to $13,800,000 with a midpoint of $12,000,000. The Valuation Range was based upon a 15% decrease from the midpoint to determine the minimum and a 15% increase to establish the maximum. Exhibit V displays the assumptions and calculations utilized in determining the Company’s estimated pro forma market value.
20
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit I
Background of Feldman Financial Advisors, Inc.
Overview of Firm
Feldman Financial Advisorsprovides consulting and advisory services to financial services companies in the areas of corporate valuations, mergers and acquisitions, strategic planning, branch sales and purchases, developing and implementing regulatory business and capital plans, and expert witness testimony and analysis. Our senior staff members have been involved in the mutual to stock conversion process since 1982 and have valued more than 350 converting institutions.
Feldman Financial Advisorswas incorporated in February 1996 by a group of consultants who were previously associated with Credit Suisse First Boston and Kaplan Associates. Each of the officers of Feldman Financial Advisors has 15 to 25 years of experience in consulting. Our senior staff collectively has worked with more than 1,000 commercial banks, savings institutions, mortgage companies, and insurance companies nationwide. The firm’s office is located in Washington, D.C.
Background of Senior Professional Staff
Trent Feldman — President. Trent is a nationally recognized expert in providing strategic advice to and valuing financial service companies, and advising on mergers and acquisitions. Trent was with Kaplan Associates for 14 years and was one of three founding principals at that firm. Trent also has worked at the Federal Home Loan Bank Board and with the California legislature. Trent holds Bachelors and Masters Degrees from the University of California at Los Angeles.
Peter Williams — Principal. Peter specializes in merger and acquisition analysis, stock and other corporate valuations, strategic business plans and retail delivery analysis. Peter was with Kaplan Associates for 13 years. Peter also served as a Corporate Development Analyst with the Wilmington Trust Company in Delaware. Peter holds a BA in Economics from Yale University and an MBA in Finance and Investments from George Washington University.
Michael Green — Principal. Mike is an expert in mergers and acquisition analysis, financial institution and corporate valuations, and strategic and business plans. During Mike’s 10 years at Kaplan Associates, his experience also included business restructurings, litigation support, mark-to-market analysis, and goodwill valuations. Mike holds a BA in Finance and Economics from Rutgers College.
Greg Izydorczyk — Senior Vice President. Greg specializes in merger and acquisition analysis and corporate valuations and also has experience in mark-to-market analysis and business plans. Greg was with Kaplan Associates for three years. Previously, Greg worked as a Senior Auditor for First Virginia Bank and Integra Financial. Greg holds a BS in Finance from Pennsylvania State University and an MBA in Finance from the University of Pittsburgh.
I-1
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit II
Statement of Contingent and Limiting Conditions
This Appraisal is made subject to the following general contingent and limiting conditions:
| 1. | | The analyses, opinions, and conclusions presented in this Appraisal apply to this engagement only and may not be used out of the context presented herein. This Appraisal is valid only for the effective date specified herein and only for the purpose specified herein. |
|
| 2. | | Neither all nor any part of the contents of this Appraisal is to be referred to or quoted in any registration statement, prospectus, public filing, loan agreement, or other agreement or document without our prior written approval. In addition, our Appraisal and analysis are not intended for general circulation or publication, nor are they to be reproduced or distributed to other third parties without our prior written consent. |
|
| 3. | | Neither our Appraisal nor our valuation conclusion is to be construed as a fairness opinion as to the fairness of an actual or proposed transaction, a solvency assessment, or an investment recommendation. For various reasons, the price at which the subject interest might be sold in a specific transaction between specific parties on a specific date might be significantly different from the valuation conclusion expressed herein. |
|
| 4. | | Our analysis assumes that as of the effective valuation date, the Company and its assets will continue to operate as a going concern. Furthermore, our analysis is based on the past and present financial condition of the Company and its assets as of the effective valuation date. |
|
| 5. | | We assume no responsibility for legal matters including interpretations of the law, contracts, or title considerations. We assume that the subject assets, properties, or business interests are appraised free and clear of any or all liens or encumbrances unless otherwise stated. |
|
| 6. | | We assume that there is full compliance with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations and laws unless the lack of compliance is stated, defined, and considered in the Appraisal. |
|
| 7. | | We do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on the reasonableness of management’s projections reviewed by us or on the underlying assumptions. |
|
| 8. | | We assume responsible ownership and competent management with respect to the subject assets, properties, or business interests. |
|
| 9. | | The information furnished by others is believed to be reliable. However, we issue no warranty or other form of assurance regarding its accuracy. |
II-1
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-1
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | Dec. 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Investments available for sale: | | | | | | | | |
Debt securities | | $ | 15,935 | | | $ | 15,979 | |
Equity securities | | | 584 | | | | 361 | |
Convertible securities | | | 4,350 | | | | 4,683 | |
| | | | | | |
Total investments available for sale | | | 20,869 | | | | 21,023 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 763 | | | | 195 | |
Premiums receivable | | | 2,183 | | | | 2,246 | |
Reinsurance receivable and recoverable | | | 1,968 | | | | 1,839 | |
Deferred acquisition costs | | | 1,291 | | | | 1,356 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 116 | | | | 55 | |
Accrued investment income | | | 176 | | | | 163 | |
Property and equipment | | | 410 | | | | 458 | |
Other assets | | | 406 | | | | 466 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 28,182 | | | $ | 27,801 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses | | $ | 6,879 | | | $ | 6,645 | |
Unearned premiums | | | 6,326 | | | | 6,610 | |
Advance premiums | | | 214 | | | | 149 | |
Reinsurance premiums payable | | | 805 | | | | — | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | | 382 | | | | 745 | |
Other liabilities | | | 381 | | | | 578 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 14,987 | | | | 14,727 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Retained earnings | | | 12,916 | | | | 12,860 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 279 | | | | 214 | |
| | | | | | |
Total equity | | | 13,195 | | | | 13,074 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABIITIES AND EQUITY | | $ | 28,182 | | | $ | 27,801 | |
| | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-1
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-2
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Investments available for sale: | | | | | | | | |
Debt securities | | $ | 15,979 | | | $ | 14,881 | |
Equity securities | | | 361 | | | | 430 | |
Convertible securities | | | 4,683 | | | | 5,244 | |
| | | | | | |
Total investments available for sale | | | 21,023 | | | | 20,555 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 195 | | | | 1,182 | |
Premiums receivable | | | 2,246 | | | | 2,193 | |
Reinsurance receivable and recoverable | | | 1,839 | | | | 3,735 | |
Deferred acquisition costs | | | 1,356 | | | | 1,369 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 55 | | | | — | |
Accrued investment income | | | 163 | | | | 159 | |
Property and equipment | | | 458 | | | | 608 | |
Other assets | | | 466 | | | | 287 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 27,801 | | | $ | 30,088 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses | | $ | 6,645 | | | $ | 9,096 | |
Unearned premiums | | | 6,610 | | | | 7,074 | |
Advance premiums | | | 149 | | | | 206 | |
Reinsurance premiums payable | | | — | | | | 69 | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | | | 745 | | | | 699 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | — | | | | 132 | |
Other liabilities | | | 578 | | | | 408 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 14,727 | | | | 17,684 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Retained earnings | | | 12,860 | | | | 12,277 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 214 | | | | 127 | |
| | | | | | |
Total equity | | | 13,074 | | | | 12,404 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABIITIES AND EQUITY | | $ | 27,801 | | | $ | 30,088 | |
| | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-2
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-3
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Income Statements
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | |
REVENUES | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 2,173 | | | $ | 2,555 | |
Net investment income | | | 130 | | | | 146 | |
Net realized investment gains | | | (51 | ) | | | 44 | |
Other revenue | | | 7 | | | | 31 | |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 2,259 | | | | 2,776 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LOSSES AND EXPENSES | | | | | | | | |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses | | | 1,115 | | | | 1,392 | |
Salaries and benefits | | | 372 | | | | 325 | |
Commissions | | | 350 | | | | 403 | |
Other operating expense | | | 341 | | | | 311 | |
| | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 2,178 | | | | 2,431 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Income before provision for income taxes | | | 81 | | | | 345 | |
Provision for income taxes | | | 25 | | | | 106 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 56 | | | $ | 239 | |
| | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-3
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-4
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Income Statements
For the Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2007
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | |
REVENUES | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 9,883 | | | $ | 10,451 | |
Net investment income | | | 581 | | | | 673 | |
Net realized investment gains | | | 55 | | | | 610 | |
Other revenue | | | 93 | | | | 66 | |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 10,612 | | | | 11,800 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LOSSES AND EXPENSES | | | | | | | | |
Losses and loss adjustment expenses | | | 5,777 | | | | 6,029 | |
Salaries and benefits | | | 1,248 | | | | 1,220 | |
Commissions | | | 1,601 | | | | 1,740 | |
Other operating expense | | | 1,176 | | | | 1,138 | |
| | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 9,802 | | | | 10,127 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Income before provision for income taxes | | | 810 | | | | 1,673 | |
Provision for income taxes | | | 227 | | | | 527 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 583 | | | $ | 1,146 | |
| | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-4
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-5
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Business Segment Earnings Summary
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, 2008 | |
| | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | | |
| | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | | |
| | Segment | | | Segment | | | (Pct. of | | | (Pct. of | | | Total | |
| | ($000s) | | | ($000s) | | | Total) | | | Total) | | | ($000s) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Direct premiums written | | $ | 2,173 | | | $ | 764 | | | | 73.98 | | | | 26.02 | | | $ | 2,937 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 1,429 | | | $ | 744 | | | | 65.78 | | | | 34.22 | | | $ | 2,173 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Losses and loss adj. expenses | | | 847 | | | | 268 | | | | 75.92 | | | | 24.08 | | | | 1,115 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | 732 | | | | 331 | | | | 68.90 | | | | 31.10 | | | | 1,063 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 1,579 | | | | 599 | | | | 72.49 | | | | 27.51 | | | | 2,178 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Underwriting income (loss) | | $ | (150 | ) | | $ | 145 | | | | N.A. | | | | N.A. | | | $ | (5 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, 2007 | |
| | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | | |
| | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | | |
| | Segment | | | Segment | | | (Pct. of | | | (Pct. of | | | Total | |
| | ($000s) | | | ($000s) | | | Total) | | | Total) | | | ($000s) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Direct premiums written | | $ | 2,418 | | | $ | 852 | | | | 73.95 | | | | 26.05 | | | $ | 3,270 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 1,701 | | | $ | 853 | | | | 66.59 | | | | 33.41 | | | $ | 2,555 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Losses and loss adj. expenses | | | 933 | | | | 459 | | | | 67.02 | | | | 32.98 | | | | 1,392 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | 707 | | | | 331 | | | | 68.09 | | | | 31.91 | | | | 1,039 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 1,640 | | | | 790 | | | | 67.48 | | | | 32.52 | | | | 2,431 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | �� | | | | |
Underwriting income (loss) | | $ | 61 | | | $ | 63 | | | | 49.30 | | | | 50.70 | | | $ | 124 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-5
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-6
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Business Segment Earnings Summary
For the Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2007
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Year Ended | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | | |
| | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | | |
| | Segment | | | Segment | | | (Pct. of | | | (Pct. of | | | Total | |
| | ($000s) | | | ($000s) | | | Total) | | | Total) | | | ($000s) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Direct premiums written | | $ | 9,772 | | | $ | 3,870 | | | | 71.63 | | | | 28.37 | | | $ | 13,642 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 6,722 | | | $ | 3,162 | | | | 68.01 | | | | 31.99 | | | $ | 9,883 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Losses and loss adj. expenses | | | 3,632 | | | | 2,145 | | | | 62.86 | | | | 37.14 | | | | 5,777 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | 2,726 | | | | 1,299 | | | | 67.72 | | | | 32.28 | | | | 4,025 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 6,358 | | | | 3,445 | | | | 64.86 | | | | 35.14 | | | | 9,802 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Underwriting income (loss) | | $ | 364 | | | $ | (283 | ) | | | N.A. | | | | N.A. | | | $ | 82 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Year Ended | |
| | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | Comm’l | | | Personal | | | | |
| | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | Lines | | | | |
| | Segment | | | Segment | | | (Pct. of | | | (Pct. of | | | Total | |
| | ($000s) | | | ($000s) | | | Total) | | | Total) | | | ($000s) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Direct premiums written | | $ | 10,314 | | | $ | 4,269 | | | | 70.73 | | | | 29.27 | | | $ | 14,583 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net premiums earned | | $ | 6,876 | | | $ | 3,575 | | | | 65.80 | | | | 34.20 | | | $ | 10,451 | |
|
Losses and loss adj. expenses | | | 3,180 | | | | 2,850 | | | | 52.74 | | | | 47.26 | | | | 6,030 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | 2,754 | | | | 1,344 | | | | 67.21 | | | | 32.79 | | | | 4,098 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total losses and expenses | | | 5,934 | | | | 4,194 | | | | 58.59 | | | | 41.41 | | | | 10,127 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Underwriting income (loss) | | $ | 942 | | | $ | (619 | ) | | | N.A. | | | | N.A. | | | $ | 323 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-6
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-7
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Business Segment Operating Ratios
For the Years Ended December 31, 2005 to 2007
And for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Three | | |
| | Months Ended | | For the Years Ended |
| | March 31, | | December 31, |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2007 | | 2006 | | 2005 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial Lines Segment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss Ratio | | | 59.23 | % | | | 54.83 | % | | | 54.02 | % | | | 46.24 | % | | | 38.30 | % |
Expense Ratio | | | 51.24 | | | | 41.57 | | | | 40.57 | | | | 40.05 | | | | 41.34 | |
Combined Ratio | | | 110.47 | | | | 96.40 | | | | 94.59 | | | | 86.29 | | | | 79.64 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Personal Lines Segment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss Ratio | | | 36.10 | | | | 53.79 | | | | 67.85 | | | | 79.73 | | | | 76.52 | |
Expense Ratio | | | 44.46 | | | | 38.83 | | | | 41.09 | | | | 37.60 | | | | 37.77 | |
Combined Ratio | | | 80.56 | | | | 92.62 | | | | 108.94 | | | | 117.33 | | | | 114.29 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Business Segments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss Ratio | | | 51.31 | | | | 54.48 | | | | 58.45 | | | | 57.70 | | | | 52.63 | |
Expense Ratio | | | 48.92 | | | | 40.65 | | | | 40.73 | | | | 39.20 | | | | 40.00 | |
Combined Ratio | | | 100.23 | | | | 95.13 | | | | 99.18 | | | | 96.90 | | | | 92.63 | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, internal financial data.
III-7
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit III-8
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Investment Portfolio
As of December 31, 2006 and 2007
And March 31, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Cost or | | | Estimated | | | Cost or | | | Estimated | | | Cost or | | | Estimated | |
| | Amortized | | | Fair | | | Amortized | | | Fair | | | Amortized | | | Fair | |
| | Cost | | | Value | | | Cost | | | Value | | | Cost | | | Value | |
Debt securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. treasury and govt. agencies | | $ | 202 | | | $ | 210 | | | $ | 202 | | | $ | 203 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
State, territories, and possessions | | | 1,330 | | | | 1,339 | | | | 1,182 | | | | 1,181 | | | | 1,062 | | | | 1,046 | |
Special revenue | | | 3,259 | | | | 3,295 | | | | 2,981 | | | | 2,975 | | | | 3,316 | | | | 3,258 | |
Public utilities | | | 73 | | | | 75 | | | | 73 | | | | 74 | | | | 173 | | | | 181 | |
Industrial and miscellaneous | | | 3,211 | | | | 3,199 | | | | 3,328 | | | | 3,315 | | | | 2,978 | | | | 2,958 | |
Mortgage-backed securities | | | 7,791 | | | | 7,817 | | | | 8,245 | | | | 8,231 | | | | 7,585 | | | | 7,438 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total debt securities | | | 15,866 | | | | 15,935 | | | | 16,011 | | | | 15,979 | | | | 15,114 | | | | 14,881 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity securities | | | 231 | | | | 584 | | | | 5 | | | | 361 | | | | 5 | | | | 430 | |
Convertible securities | | | 4,479 | | | | 4,350 | | | | 4,627 | | | | 4,683 | | | | 4,560 | | | | 5,244 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investment securities | | $ | 20,576 | | | $ | 20,869 | | | $ | 20,643 | | | $ | 21,023 | | | $ | 19,679 | | | $ | 20,555 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Source: Lebanon Mutual, financial statements.
III-8
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-1
Financial Performance Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Total | | | | | | Policy | | Total | | Tang. | | LTM | | Net Prem. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | | | |
| | | | | | Total | | Policy | | Total | | Resrvs./ | | Equity/ | | Equity/ | | Policy | | Written/ | | Loss | | Exp. | | Comb. | | LTM | | LTM |
| | | | | | Assets | | Reserves | | Equity | | Equity | | Assets | | Assets | | Revenue | | Avg.Eq. | | Ratio | | Ratio | | Ratio | | ROA | | ROE |
Company | | State | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21st Century Holding Co. | | FL | | | 218 | | | | 115 | | | | 85 | | | | 1.35 | | | | 38.99 | | | | 38.99 | | | | 95 | | | | 0.87 | | | | 42.3 | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 11.14 | | | | 31.82 | |
ACE Ltd. | | — | | | | 73,919 | | | | 44,829 | | | | 16,735 | | | | 2.68 | | | | 22.64 | | | | 19.64 | | | | 12,155 | | | | 0.74 | | | | 55.6 | | | | 29.0 | | | | 84.6 | | | | 3.14 | | | | 14.14 | |
Affirmative Insurance Holdings | | TX | | | 903 | | | | 358 | | | | 220 | | | | 1.63 | | | | 24.36 | | | | 4.67 | | | | 408 | | | | 1.92 | | | | 75.2 | | | | 17.1 | | | | 92.3 | | | | 1.30 | | | | 5.63 | |
Alleghany Corp. | | NY | | | 6,828 | | | | 3,470 | | | | 2,838 | | | | 1.22 | | | | 41.57 | | | | 39.64 | | | | 1,181 | | | | 0.44 | | | | 52.2 | | | | 28.3 | | | | 80.5 | | | | 4.54 | | | | 11.06 | |
Allied World Assurance Co. | | — | | | | 8,244 | | | | 4,896 | | | | 2,395 | | | | 2.04 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 28.92 | | | | 1,146 | | | | 0.48 | | | | 52.5 | | | | 25.7 | | | | 78.2 | | | | 5.83 | | | | 20.71 | |
Allstate Corporation | | IL | | | 152,210 | | | | 103,901 | | | | 20,303 | | | | 5.12 | | | | 13.34 | | | | 12.87 | | | | 29,026 | | | | 1.25 | | | | 69.1 | | | | 24.9 | | | | 94.0 | | | | 2.21 | | | | 16.14 | |
AmCOMP Inc. | | FL | | | 681 | | | | 439 | | | | 165 | | | | 2.66 | | | | 24.24 | | | | 24.10 | | | | 222 | | | | 1.35 | | | | 52.7 | | | | 42.8 | | | | 95.5 | | | | 2.83 | | | | 12.52 | |
American Financial Group Inc. | | OH | | | 26,002 | | | | 19,592 | | | | 3,020 | | | | 6.49 | | | | 11.61 | | | | 10.90 | | | | 3,124 | | | | 0.90 | | | | 45.8 | | | | 35.0 | | | | 80.8 | | | | 1.34 | | | | 11.46 | |
American Physicians Capital | | MI | | | 1,044 | | | | 722 | | | | 258 | | | | 2.80 | | | | 24.74 | | | NA | | | | 136 | | | | 0.48 | | | | 51.2 | | | | 22.2 | | | | 73.4 | | | | 5.00 | | | | 20.02 | |
American Physicians Svc Grp | | TX | | | 285 | | | | 136 | | | | 127 | | | | 1.07 | | | | 44.58 | | | | 44.34 | | | | 73 | | | NA | | | | 43.3 | | | | 15.5 | | | | 58.8 | | | NA | | | NA | |
American Safety Ins Hldgs Ltd | | — | | | | 932 | | | | 624 | | | | 234 | | | | 2.66 | | | | 25.14 | | | | 24.40 | | | | 148 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 57.9 | | | | 42.5 | | | | 100.4 | | | | 3.00 | | | | 12.36 | |
AMERISAFE Inc. | | LA | | | 1,090 | | | | 722 | | | | 218 | | | | 3.31 | | | | 20.02 | | | | 20.02 | | | | 305 | | | | 1.54 | | | | 67.2 | | | | 19.9 | | | | 87.1 | | | | 5.03 | | | | 27.77 | |
AmTrust Financial Services Inc | | NY | | | 2,609 | | | | 1,356 | | | | 395 | | | | 3.43 | | | | 15.14 | | | | 13.39 | | | | 423 | | | | 0.98 | | | | 56.6 | | | | 20.5 | | | | 77.2 | | | | 4.45 | | | | 23.76 | |
Arch Capital Group Ltd. | | — | | | | 16,354 | | | | 9,129 | | | | 4,005 | | | | 2.28 | | | | 24.49 | | | | 24.41 | | | | 2,907 | | | | 0.73 | | | | 57.1 | | | | 29.1 | | | | 86.2 | | | | 5.47 | | | | 21.89 | |
Argo Group Intl Holdings | | — | | | | 4,980 | | | | 2,998 | | | | 1,423 | | | | 2.11 | | | | 28.57 | | | | 26.91 | | | | 873 | | | | 0.75 | | | | 60.2 | | | | 35.8 | | | | 95.9 | | | | 3.37 | | | | 13.13 | |
Aspen Insurance Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 7,507 | | | | 3,880 | | | | 2,923 | | | | 1.33 | | | | 38.93 | | | | 38.87 | | | | 1,686 | | | | 0.58 | | | | 52.9 | | | | 32.5 | | | | 85.4 | | | | 6.22 | | | | 16.52 | |
AXIS Capital Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 15,640 | | | | 8,389 | | | | 5,371 | | | | 1.56 | | | | 34.34 | | | | 34.09 | | | | 2,708 | | | | 0.57 | | | | 54.9 | | | | 26.3 | | | | 81.3 | | | | 7.42 | | | | 22.26 | |
Baldwin & Lyons Inc. | | IN | | | 823 | | | | 400 | | | | 369 | | | | 1.08 | | | | 44.88 | | | | 44.88 | | | | 180 | | | NA | | | | 65.3 | | | | 33.2 | | | | 98.5 | | | | 5.01 | | | | 11.31 | |
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. | | NE | | | 281,047 | | | | 72,583 | | | | 119,372 | | | | 0.61 | | | | 42.47 | | | | 34.68 | | | | 24,478 | | | NA | | | | 73.0 | | | | 22.5 | | | | 95.5 | | | | 4.24 | | | | 9.83 | |
CastlePoint Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 1,098 | | | | 391 | | | | 420 | | | | 0.93 | | | | 38.25 | | | | 38.25 | | | | 302 | | | | 1.02 | | | | 54.3 | | | | 39.8 | | | | 94.1 | | | | 4.14 | | | | 8.54 | |
Chubb Corp. | | NJ | | | 51,193 | | | | 29,487 | | | | 14,347 | | | | 2.06 | | | | 28.03 | | | | 27.36 | | | | 11,937 | | | | 0.84 | | | | 53.4 | | | | 30.5 | | | | 83.9 | | | | 5.37 | | | | 19.51 | |
Cincinnati Financial Corp. | | OH | | | 15,945 | | | | 7,109 | | | | 5,449 | | | | 1.30 | | | | 34.17 | | | | 34.17 | | | | 3,222 | | | | 0.51 | | | | 66.7 | | | | 31.9 | | | | 98.6 | | | | 3.56 | | | | 9.76 | |
CNA Surety Corp. | | IL | | | 1,538 | | | | 747 | | | | 688 | | | | 1.09 | | | | 44.74 | | | | 39.26 | | | | 426 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 25.3 | | | | 53.9 | | | | 79.2 | | | | 6.51 | | | | 15.00 | |
Commerce Group Inc. | | MA | | | 3,931 | | | | 1,844 | | | | 1,304 | | | | 1.41 | | | | 33.18 | | | NA | | | | 1,804 | | | | 1.27 | | | | 65.8 | | | | 27.0 | | | | 92.8 | | | | 3.48 | | | | 10.14 | |
CRM Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 392 | | | | 207 | | | | 114 | | | | 1.82 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 28.42 | | | | 126 | | | | 1.30 | | | | 43.2 | | | | 31.9 | | | | 75.1 | | | | 6.15 | | | | 22.11 | |
Darwin Professional Undrwrtr | | CT | | | 887 | | | | 562 | | | | 269 | | | | 2.09 | | | | 30.36 | | | | 29.37 | | | | 193 | | | | 0.86 | | | | 38.4 | | | | 26.3 | | | | 64.7 | | | | 5.39 | | | | 17.31 | |
Donegal Group Inc. | | PA | | | 869 | | | | 452 | | | | 357 | | | | 1.27 | | | | 41.06 | | | | 41.03 | | | | 315 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 65.3 | | | | 32.2 | | | | 97.5 | | | | 4.68 | | | | 11.53 | |
Eastern Insurance Holdings Inc | | PA | | | 391 | | | | 184 | | | | 168 | | | | 1.10 | | | | 42.81 | | | | 40.68 | | | | 133 | | | | 0.76 | | | | 59.7 | | | | 36.9 | | | | 96.7 | | | | 4.64 | | | | 10.37 | |
EMC Insurance Group Inc. | | IA | | | 1,169 | | | | 713 | | | | 358 | | | | 1.99 | | | | 30.65 | | | | 30.59 | | | | 394 | | | | 1.15 | | | | 63.2 | | | | 33.7 | | | | 96.9 | | | | 2.91 | | | | 10.43 | |
Employers Holdings Inc | | NV | | | 3,180 | | | | 2,320 | | | | 396 | | | | 5.86 | | | | 12.46 | | | | 12.46 | | | | 333 | | | | 0.89 | | | | 40.3 | | | | 42.7 | | | | 83.0 | | | | 3.69 | | | | 32.37 | |
Endurance Specialty Holdings | | — | | | | 7,875 | | | | 4,198 | | | | 2,538 | | | | 1.65 | | | | 32.23 | | | | 30.39 | | | | 1,590 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 50.9 | | | | 33.5 | | | | 84.4 | | | | 6.76 | | | | 20.20 | |
IV-1
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-1 (continued)
Financial Performance Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Total | | | | | | Policy | | Total | | Tang. | | LTM | | Net Prem. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | | | |
| | | | | | Total | | Policy | | Total | | Resrvs./ | | Equity/ | | Equity/ | | Policy | | Written/ | | Loss | | Exp. | | Comb. | | LTM | | LTM |
| | | | | | Assets | | Reserves | | Equity | | Equity | | Assets | | Assets | | Revenue | | Avg.Eq. | | Ratio | | Ratio | | Ratio | | ROA | | ROE |
Company | | State | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Enstar Group Ltd. | | — | | | | 3,995 | | | | 2,701 | | | | 465 | | | | 5.81 | | | | 11.64 | | | | 11.16 | | | | 0 | | | | 0.00 | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 2.26 | | | | 14.04 | |
Erie Indemnity Co. | | PA | | | 2,851 | | | | 1,434 | | | | 996 | | | | 1.44 | | | | 34.93 | | | | 34.93 | | | | 208 | | | NA | | | | 65.0 | | | | 27.1 | | | | 92.1 | | | | 6.38 | | | | 17.00 | |
Everest Re Group Ltd. | | — | | | | 18,046 | | | | 10,696 | | | | 5,633 | | | | 1.90 | | | | 31.21 | | | NA | | | | 3,905 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 59.8 | | | | 29.3 | | | | 89.1 | | | | 3.50 | | | | 11.24 | |
Fairfax Financial Holdings Ltd | | — | | | | 28,033 | | | | 17,039 | | | | 4,809 | | | | 3.54 | | | | 17.16 | | | | 17.00 | | | | 4,629 | | | | 1.21 | | | | 72.0 | | | | 28.7 | | | | 100.7 | | | | 5.88 | | | | 43.43 | |
First Acceptance Corp. | | TN | | | 486 | | | | 187 | | | | 236 | | | | 0.79 | | | | 48.53 | | | | 26.76 | | | | 298 | | | NA | | | | 76.6 | | | | 21.6 | | | | 98.2 | | | | (6.78 | ) | | | (13.64 | ) |
First Mercury Financial Corp. | | MI | | | 832 | | | | 435 | | | | 239 | | | | 1.82 | | | | 28.80 | | | | 21.95 | | | | 168 | | | | 0.83 | | | | 53.8 | | | | 21.2 | | | | 75.0 | | | | 5.95 | | | | 19.23 | |
Flagstone Reinsurance Holdings | | — | | | | 2,242 | | | | 477 | | | | 1,242 | | | | 0.38 | | | | 55.38 | | | | 55.16 | | | | 511 | | | | 0.48 | | | | 29.4 | | | | 37.5 | | | | 66.9 | | | | 8.23 | | | | 14.34 | |
FPIC Insurance Group Inc. | | FL | | | 1,078 | | | | 700 | | | | 299 | | | | 2.34 | | | | 27.76 | | | | 27.03 | | | | 192 | | | | 0.60 | | | | 56.8 | | | | 22.4 | | | | 79.2 | | | | 4.05 | | | | 15.15 | |
GAINSCO INC. | | TX | | | 253 | | | | 128 | | | | 65 | | | | 1.99 | | | | 25.52 | | | | 25.34 | | | | 185 | | | | 2.38 | | | | 74.8 | | | | 25.8 | | | | 100.6 | | | | (6.02 | ) | | | (21.26 | ) |
Greenlight Capital Re Ltd | | — | | | | 1,059 | | | | 150 | | | | 601 | | | | 0.25 | | | | 56.80 | | | | 56.80 | | | | 105 | | | | 0.25 | | | | 44.1 | | | | 52.3 | | | | 96.4 | | | | 4.36 | | | | 7.91 | |
Hallmark Financial Services | | TX | | | 519 | | | | 240 | | | | 186 | | | | 1.29 | | | | 35.77 | | | | 28.43 | | | | 233 | | | | 1.39 | | | | 60.3 | | | | 29.0 | | | | 89.3 | | | | 5.74 | | | | 17.20 | |
Hanover Insurance Group Inc. | | MA | | | 9,701 | | | | 5,718 | | | | 2,321 | | | | 2.46 | | | | 23.92 | | | | 22.87 | | | | 2,434 | | | | 1.11 | | | | 61.5 | | | | 33.5 | | | | 95.0 | | | | 2.53 | | | | 11.27 | |
Harleysville Group Inc. | | PA | | | 3,277 | | | | 2,237 | | | | 763 | | | | 2.93 | | | | 23.29 | | | | 22.74 | | | | 857 | | | | 1.23 | | | | 64.2 | | | | 34.0 | | | | 98.2 | | | | 3.31 | | | | 13.75 | |
HCC Insurance Holdings Inc. | | TX | | | 8,218 | | | | 4,312 | | | | 2,522 | | | | 1.71 | | | | 30.69 | | | | 23.03 | | | | 1,981 | | | | 0.85 | | | | 59.4 | | | | 24.3 | | | | 83.7 | | | | 4.75 | | | | 16.36 | |
Hilltop Holdings Inc. | | TX | | | 1,065 | | | | 92 | | | | 816 | | | | 0.11 | | | | 76.62 | | | | 75.73 | | | | 110 | | | | 0.18 | | | | 49.1 | | | | 31.5 | | | | 80.6 | | | | 21.50 | | | | 41.14 | |
Horace Mann Educators Corp. | | IL | | | 6,080 | | | | 3,548 | | | | 643 | | | | 5.52 | | | | 10.57 | | | | 9.87 | | | | 656 | | | | 1.44 | | | | 69.0 | | | | 24.5 | | | | 93.5 | | | | 1.17 | | | | 10.98 | |
Infinity Property and Casualty | | AL | | | 1,970 | | | | 1,020 | | | | 613 | | | | 1.66 | | | | 31.09 | | | | 28.35 | | | | 1,011 | | | | 1.53 | | | | 72.1 | | | | 22.3 | | | | 94.5 | | | | 3.18 | | | | 10.22 | |
IPC Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 2,712 | | | | 537 | | | | 2,148 | | | | 0.25 | | | | 79.21 | | | | 79.21 | | | | 376 | | | | 0.17 | | | | 5.9 | | | | 17.6 | | | | 23.5 | | | | 14.49 | | | | 19.14 | |
Kingsway Financial Services | | — | | | | 4,545 | | | | 2,992 | | | | 894 | | | | 3.35 | | | | 19.67 | | | | 17.58 | | | | 1,867 | | | | 1.85 | | | | 83.5 | | | | 32.1 | | | | 115.6 | | | | (1.59 | ) | | | (7.46 | ) |
Markel Corp. | | VA | | | 716 | | | | 176 | | | | 537 | | | | 0.33 | | | | 75.09 | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | |
Meadowbrook Insurance Group | | MI | | | 10,156 | | | | 6,527 | | | | 2,615 | | | | 2.50 | | | | 25.75 | | | | 23.14 | | | | 2,086 | | | | 0.79 | | | | 56.0 | | | | 35.9 | | | | 92.0 | | | | 3.36 | | | | 13.44 | |
Mercer Insurance Group Inc. | | NJ | | | 1,131 | | | | 706 | | | | 310 | | | | 2.28 | | | | 27.41 | | | | 23.83 | | | | 269 | | | | 1.05 | | | | 61.7 | | | | 32.2 | | | | 93.9 | | | | 2.63 | | | | 10.51 | |
Mercury General Corp. | | CA | | | 548 | | | | 369 | | | | 137 | | | | 2.70 | | | | 24.94 | | | | 24.19 | | | | 152 | | | | 1.24 | | | | 63.4 | | | | 34.7 | | | | 98.1 | | | | 2.65 | | | | 11.13 | |
Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd | | — | | | | 4,344 | | | | 1,989 | | | | 1,826 | | | | 1.09 | | | | 42.04 | | | NA | | | | 2,959 | | | | 1.60 | | | | 67.1 | | | | 28.3 | | | | 95.4 | | | | 3.94 | | | | 9.51 | |
National Atlantic Holdings | | NJ | | | 3,352 | | | | 1,131 | | | | 1,570 | | | | 0.72 | | | | 46.83 | | | | 46.83 | | | | 555 | | | | 0.36 | | | | 54.5 | | | | 35.2 | | | | 89.7 | | | | 6.74 | | | | 15.20 | |
National Interstate Corp. | | OH | | | 442 | | | | 277 | | | | 141 | | | | 1.97 | | | | 31.78 | | | | 31.78 | | | | 168 | | | | 1.12 | | | | 92.8 | | | | 33.7 | | | | 126.5 | | | | (3.12 | ) | | | (9.55 | ) |
National Security Group Inc. | | AL | | | 999 | | | | 520 | | | | 218 | | | | 2.39 | | | | 21.83 | | | | 21.83 | | | | 265 | | | | 1.40 | | | | 61.6 | | | | 22.7 | | | | 84.3 | | | | 4.62 | | | | 21.02 | |
Navigators Group Inc. | | NY | | | 140 | | | | 73 | | | | 47 | | | | 1.53 | | | | 33.95 | | | | 33.95 | | | | 63 | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 4.22 | | | | 11.85 | |
North Pointe Holdings Corp. | | MI | | | 3,182 | | | | 2,162 | | | | 677 | | | | 3.19 | | | | 21.27 | | | | 21.07 | | | | 619 | | | | 1.06 | | | | 56.8 | | | | 32.4 | | | | 89.2 | | | | 3.17 | | | | 15.86 | |
NYMAGIC INC. | | NY | | | 1,061 | | | | 659 | | | | 249 | | | | 2.65 | | | | 23.46 | | | | 23.46 | | | | 171 | | | | 0.62 | | | | 57.9 | | | | 41.5 | | | | 99.4 | | | | (2.17 | ) | | | (8.51 | ) |
Odyssey Re Holdings Corp | | CT | | | 9,799 | | | | 5,880 | | | | 2,813 | | | | 2.09 | | | | 28.70 | | | NA | | | | 2,093 | | | | 0.85 | | | | 68.9 | | | | 29.5 | | | | 98.4 | | | | 8.05 | | | | 30.82 | |
IV-2
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-1 (continued)
Financial Performance Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Total | | | | | | Policy | | Total | | Tang. | | LTM | | Net Prem. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | | | |
| | | | | | Total | | Policy | | Total | | Resrvs./ | | Equity/ | | Equity/ | | Policy | | Written/ | | Loss | | Exp. | | Comb. | | LTM | | LTM |
| | | | | | Assets | | Reserves | | Equity | | Equity | | Assets | | Assets | | Revenue | | Avg.Eq. | | Ratio | | Ratio | | Ratio | | ROA | | ROE |
Company | | State | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Old Republic International | | IL | | | 13,250 | | | | 7,823 | | | | 4,377 | | | | 1.79 | | | | 33.03 | | | NA | | | | 3,578 | | | NA | | | | 76.6 | | | | 39.1 | | | | 115.7 | | | | 1.12 | | | | 3.22 | |
OneBeacon Insurance Group Ltd. | | — | | | | 8,992 | | | | 5,447 | | | | 1,613 | | | | 3.38 | | | | 17.94 | | | NA | | | | 1,860 | | | | 1.00 | | | | 66.1 | | | | 34.0 | | | | 100.1 | | | | 1.74 | | | | 8.96 | |
PartnerRe Ltd. | | — | | | | 17,291 | | | | 11,012 | | | | 4,473 | | | | 2.46 | | | | 25.87 | | | | 23.98 | | | | 3,845 | | | | 0.94 | | | | 61.3 | | | | 31.0 | | | | 92.3 | | | | 4.20 | | | | 16.25 | |
Philadelphia Consolidated Hldg | | PA | | | 4,246 | | | | 2,366 | | | | 1,560 | | | | 1.52 | | | | 36.74 | | | NA | | | | 1,440 | | | | 1.07 | | | | 51.0 | | | | 30.1 | | | | 81.1 | | | | 8.19 | | | | 22.61 | |
Platinum Underwriters Hldgs | | — | | | | 5,044 | | | | 2,703 | | | | 1,929 | | | | 1.40 | | | | 38.25 | | | | 38.25 | | | | 1,190 | | | | 0.56 | | | | 53.1 | | | | 25.3 | | | | 78.4 | | | | 7.56 | | | | 19.65 | |
PMA Capital Corp. | | PA | | | 2,595 | | | | 1,484 | | | | 384 | | | | 3.87 | | | | 14.78 | | | | 14.04 | | | | 370 | | | | 0.96 | | | | 70.0 | | | | 41.5 | | | | 111.5 | | | | (1.47 | ) | | | (9.76 | ) |
ProAssurance Corp. | | AL | | | 4,474 | | | | 2,801 | | | | 1,276 | | | | 2.20 | | | | 28.52 | | | | 27.34 | | | | 517 | | | | 0.40 | | | | 67.7 | | | | 21.8 | | | | 89.5 | | | | 3.79 | | | | 13.92 | |
ProCentury Corp. | | OH | | | 666 | | | | 393 | | | | 165 | | | | 2.38 | | | | 24.82 | | | NA | | | | 212 | | | | 1.28 | | | | 57.5 | | | | 35.9 | | | | 93.4 | | | | 3.99 | | | | 15.86 | |
Progressive Corp. | | OH | | | 18,717 | | | | 10,260 | | | | 4,750 | | | | 2.16 | | | | 25.38 | | | | 25.38 | | | | 13,774 | | | | 2.52 | | | | 73.3 | | | | 21.3 | | | | 94.6 | | | | 5.36 | | | | 19.58 | |
Quanta Capital Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 710 | | | | 378 | | | | 248 | | | | 1.52 | | | | 34.99 | | | | 34.33 | | | | 61 | | | | 0.18 | | | | 337.4 | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 3.15 | | | | 10.53 | |
RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. | | — | | | | 8,170 | | | | 2,660 | | | | 3,386 | | | | 0.79 | | | | 41.44 | | | NA | | | | 1,371 | | | | 0.37 | | | | 26.6 | | | | 24.8 | | | | 51.4 | | | | 6.65 | | | | 16.18 | |
RLI Corp. | | IL | | | 2,610 | | | | 1,568 | | | | 748 | | | | 2.10 | | | | 28.65 | | | | 27.92 | | | | 542 | | | | 0.69 | | | | 50.9 | | | | 38.3 | | | | 89.2 | | | | 6.14 | | | | 21.68 | |
Safeco Corp. | | WA | | | 12,297 | | | | 7,353 | | | | 3,332 | | | | 2.21 | | | | 27.10 | | | NA | | | | 5,592 | | | | 1.52 | | | | 64.8 | | | | 28.2 | | | | 93.0 | | | | 5.04 | | | | 18.02 | |
Safety Insurance Group Inc. | | MA | | | 1,451 | | | | 803 | | | | 585 | | | | 1.37 | | | | 40.31 | | | | 40.31 | | | | 606 | | | | 1.07 | | | | 63.6 | | | | 29.5 | | | | 93.1 | | | | 5.69 | | | | 14.84 | |
SCPIE Holdings Inc. | | CA | | | 722 | | | | 465 | | | | 238 | | | | 1.95 | | | | 33.01 | | | NA | | | | 120 | | | | 0.51 | | | | 65.2 | | | | 28.7 | | | | 93.9 | | | | 2.52 | | | | 7.86 | |
SeaBright Insurance Hldgs Inc. | | WA | | | 777 | | | | 405 | | | | 305 | | | | 1.33 | | | | 39.29 | | | | 38.96 | | | | 236 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 52.9 | | | | 27.6 | | | | 80.5 | | | | 5.75 | | | | 14.47 | |
Selective Insurance Group | | NJ | | | 4,970 | | | | 3,418 | | | | 1,046 | | | | 3.27 | | | | 21.04 | | | | 20.50 | | | | 1,519 | | | | 1.47 | | | | 66.4 | | | | 34.0 | | | | 100.4 | | | | 2.63 | | | | 12.46 | |
Specialty UnderwritersAlliance | | IL | | | 421 | | | | 262 | | | | 136 | | | | 1.94 | | | | 32.16 | | | | 30.39 | | | | 153 | | | | 1.11 | | | | 58.9 | | | | 48.9 | | | | 107.8 | | | | 3.23 | | | | 10.38 | |
State Auto Financial Corp. | | OH | | | 2,425 | | | | 1,233 | | | | 882 | | | | 1.40 | | | | 36.38 | | | | 36.33 | | | | 1,039 | | | | 1.23 | | | | 76.8 | | | | 34.5 | | | | 111.3 | | | | 3.25 | | | | 8.48 | |
Tower Group Inc. | | NY | | | 1,366 | | | | 781 | | | | 314 | | | | 2.49 | | | | 22.99 | | | | 20.64 | | | | 294 | | | | 0.93 | | | | 54.5 | | | | 30.4 | | | | 84.9 | | | | 3.73 | | | | 16.06 | |
Transatlantic Holdings Inc. | | NY | | | 15,772 | | | | 9,352 | | | | 3,381 | | | | 2.77 | | | | 21.44 | | | | 21.44 | | | | 3,955 | | | | 1.24 | | | | 66.4 | | | | 27.7 | | | | 94.1 | | | | 3.30 | | | | 15.29 | |
Travelers Cos | | MN | | | 114,144 | | | | 75,278 | | | | 26,388 | | | | 2.85 | | | | 23.12 | | | | 20.22 | | | | 21,515 | | | | 0.83 | | | | 55.7 | | | | 31.9 | | | | 87.6 | | | | 3.89 | | | | 17.22 | |
Unico American Corp. | | CA | | | 193 | | | | 111 | | | | 72 | | | | 1.54 | | | | 37.20 | | | | 37.20 | | | | 36 | | | NA | | | | 69.0 | | | | 23.0 | | | | 92.0 | | | | 3.09 | | | | 8.77 | |
United America Indemnity Ltd. | | — | | | | 2,728 | | | | 1,690 | | | | 842 | | | | 2.01 | | | | 30.87 | | | | 28.06 | | | | 511 | | | | 0.53 | | | | 67.8 | | | | 33.8 | | | | 101.6 | | | | 2.93 | | | | 10.15 | |
United Fire & Casualty Co. | | IA | | | 2,779 | | | | 1,913 | | | | 759 | | | | 2.52 | | | | 27.32 | | | NA | | | | 506 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 56.1 | | | | 30.3 | | | | 86.4 | | | | 3.50 | | | | 13.04 | |
Universal Insurance Hldgs Inc. | | FL | | | 559 | | | | 324 | | | | 86 | | | | 3.75 | | | | 15.46 | | | | 15.46 | | | | 150 | | | | 2.27 | | | | 36.3 | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 10.03 | | | | 90.37 | |
Validus Holdings Ltd | | — | | | | 4,536 | | | | 1,727 | | | | 1,991 | | | | 0.87 | | | | 43.89 | | | | 41.96 | | | | 1,038 | | | | 0.60 | | | | 48.0 | | | | 34.4 | | | | 82.4 | | | | 11.87 | | | | 24.75 | |
W.R. Berkley Corp. | | CT | | | 16,835 | | | | 11,130 | | | | 3,449 | | | | 3.23 | | | | 20.49 | | | | 19.98 | | | | 4,633 | | | | 1.27 | | | | 60.8 | | | | 29.4 | | | | 90.2 | | | | 4.45 | | | | 21.02 | |
Wesco Financial Corp. | | CA | | | 3,150 | | | | 194 | | | | 2,509 | | | | 0.08 | | | | 79.66 | | | | 77.76 | | | | 67 | | | | 0.05 | | | | 59.5 | | | | 30.6 | | | | 90.0 | | | | 3.41 | | | | 4.29 | |
White Mountains Insurance | | NH | | | 19,365 | | | | 9,792 | | | | 4,679 | | | | 2.09 | | | | 24.16 | | | | 24.03 | | | | 3,775 | | | | 0.80 | | | | 68.7 | | | | 32.7 | | | | 101.4 | | | | 1.34 | | | | 5.55 | |
Zenith National Insurance Corp | | CA | | | 2,747 | | | | 1,454 | | | | 1,100 | | | | 1.32 | | | | 40.03 | | | | 39.57 | | | | 703 | | | | 0.65 | | | | 34.4 | | | | 40.4 | | | | 74.8 | | | | 7.61 | | | | 20.02 | |
IV-3
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-1 (continued)
Financial Performance Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Total | | | | | | Policy | | Total | | Tang. | | LTM | | Net Prem. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | Qtrly. | | | | |
| | | | | | Total | | Policy | | Total | | Resrvs./ | | Equity/ | | Equity/ | | Policy | | Written/ | | Loss | | Exp. | | Comb. | | LTM | | LTM |
| | | | | | Assets | | Reserves | | Equity | | Equity | | Assets | | Assets | | Revenue | | Avg.Eq. | | Ratio | | Ratio | | Ratio | | ROA | | ROE |
Company | | State | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | ($Mil.) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Overall P&C Insurance Group Mean | | | | | | | 12,007 | | | | 6,220 | | | | 3,446 | | | | 2.10 | | | | 32.09 | | | | 30.07 | | | | 2,243 | | | | 0.94 | | | | 61.4 | | | | 30.8 | | | | 89.6 | | | | 4.32 | | | | 14.75 | |
Overall P&C Insurance Group Median | | | | | | | 2,747 | | | | 1,454 | | | | 763 | | | | 1.99 | | | | 29.05 | | | | 27.36 | | | | 514 | | | | 0.88 | | | | 59.6 | | | | 30.5 | | | | 92.1 | | | | 4.05 | | | | 14.14 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean > $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | 15,989 | | | | 8,511 | | | | 4,706 | | | | 2.23 | | | | 31.27 | | | | 30.08 | | | | 3,015 | | | | 0.87 | | | | 57.9 | | | | 31.1 | | | | 89.0 | | | | 4.63 | | | | 15.13 | |
P&C Group Median > $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | 4,474 | | | | 2,701 | | | | 1,570 | | | | 2.09 | | | | 28.57 | | | | 26.97 | | | | 1,146 | | | | 0.84 | | | | 59.4 | | | | 30.5 | | | | 90.1 | | | | 4.05 | | | | 15.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean < $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | 620 | | | | 316 | | | | 199 | | | | 1.77 | | | | 34.18 | | | | 30.06 | | | | 176 | | | | 1.17 | | | | 71.0 | | | | 30.1 | | | | 91.4 | | | | 3.47 | | | | 13.72 | |
P&C Group Median < $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | 673 | | | | 341 | | | | 177 | | | | 1.73 | | | | 32.59 | | | | 29.37 | | | | 168 | | | | 1.12 | | | | 60.0 | | | | 29.0 | | | | 93.9 | | | | 4.11 | | | | 11.69 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean > $500 Mil. Total Rev. | | | | | | | 19,165 | | | | 10,282 | | | | 5,684 | | | | 2.13 | | | | 31.87 | | | | 29.45 | | | | 3,729 | | | | 0.94 | | | | 59.9 | | | | 29.8 | | | | 89.7 | | | | 4.58 | | | | 15.14 | |
P&C Group Median > $500 Mil. Total Rev. | | | | | | | 5,562 | | | | 3,509 | | | | 2,234 | | | | 2.05 | | | | 28.68 | | | | 27.13 | | | | 1,686 | | | | 0.85 | | | | 60.8 | | | | 30.1 | | | | 92.0 | | | | 3.94 | | | | 14.84 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean < $500 Mil. Total Rev. | | | | | | | 953 | | | | 541 | | | | 268 | | | | 2.10 | | | | 32.14 | | | | 30.86 | | | | 195 | | | | 0.96 | | | | 64.6 | | | | 32.7 | | | | 90.5 | | | | 3.89 | | | | 14.17 | |
P&C Group Median < $500 Mil. Total Rev. | | | | | | | 827 | | | | 403 | | | | 239 | | | | 1.96 | | | | 30.51 | | | | 28.43 | | | | 176 | | | | 0.96 | | | | 57.9 | | | | 32.2 | | | | 93.9 | | | | 4.05 | | | | 12.36 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Source: SNL Financial.
IV-4
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-2
Market Valuation Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Closing | | Total | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Current | | One-Yr. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Price | | Market | | Book | | Tang. | | LTM | | Oper. | | Next Yr. | | LTM | | Total | | Div. | | Price |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6/02/08 | | Value | | Value | | Book | | EPS | | EPS | | Est. EPS | | Revenue | | Assets | | Yield | | Change |
Company | | Ticker | | Exchange | | State | | ($) | | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (%) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
21st Century Holding Co. | | TCHC | | NASDAQ | | FL | | | 10.37 | | | | 82 | | | | 97.0 | | | | 97.0 | | | | 3.35 | | | | 3.21 | | | NA | | | | 0.72 | | | | 37.83 | | | | 6.94 | | | | (7.16 | ) |
ACE Ltd. | | ACE | | NYSE | | — | | | | 59.59 | | | | 19,842 | | | | 122.5 | | | | 147.7 | | | | 8.93 | | | | 7.22 | | | | 7.83 | | | | 1.46 | | | | 26.84 | | | | 1.95 | | | | (3.03 | ) |
Affirmative Insurance Holdings | | AFFM | | NASDAQ | | TX | | | 7.35 | | | | 113 | | | | 51.5 | | | | 338.9 | | | | 9.42 | | | NA | | | | 8.17 | | | | 0.22 | | | | 12.55 | | | | 1.09 | | | | (52.30 | ) |
Alleghany Corp. | | Y | | | NYSE | | NY | | | 363.97 | | | | 3,036 | | | | 119.5 | | | | 130.7 | | | | 11.36 | | | | 16.57 | | | NA | | | | 2.07 | | | | 44.47 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 1.16 | |
Allied World Assurance Co. | | AWH | | NYSE | | — | | | | 45.60 | | | | 2,227 | | | | 100.4 | | | | 101.0 | | | | 5.53 | | | | 5.57 | | | | 6.36 | | | | 1.54 | | | | 27.02 | | | | 1.58 | | | | (10.41 | ) |
Allstate Corporation | | ALL | | NYSE | | IL | | | 50.95 | | | | 28,062 | | | | 139.8 | | | | 145.7 | | | | 8.52 | | | | 8.68 | | | | 8.36 | | | | 0.79 | | | | 18.44 | | | | 3.22 | | | | (17.26 | ) |
AmCOMP Inc. | | AMCP | | NASDAQ | | FL | | | 11.04 | | | | 169 | | | | 102.3 | | | | 103.1 | | | | 8.90 | | | NA | | | | 11.54 | | | | 0.70 | | | | 24.80 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 20.26 | |
American Financial Group Inc. | | AFG | | NYSE | | OH | | | 29.88 | | | | 3,359 | | | | 111.7 | | | | 120.1 | | | | 10.41 | | | | 7.99 | | | | 8.52 | | | | 0.77 | | | | 12.92 | | | | 1.67 | | | | (17.18 | ) |
American Physicians Capital | | ACAP | | NASDAQ | | MI | | | 47.54 | | | | 463 | | | | 179.2 | | | NA | | | | 9.57 | | | | 9.47 | | | | 10.29 | | | | 2.62 | | | | 44.32 | | | | 0.84 | | | | 13.87 | |
American Physicians Svc Grp | | AMPH | | NASDAQ | | TX | | | 22.24 | | | | 159 | | | | 125.9 | | | | 127.1 | | | | 5.08 | | | NA | | | | 11.12 | | | | 1.67 | | | | 55.88 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 32.38 | |
American Safety Ins Hldgs Ltd | | ASI | | NYSE | | — | | | | 16.25 | | | | 172 | | | | 75.8 | | | | 78.9 | | | | 6.61 | | | NA | | | | 8.15 | | | | 0.95 | | | | 18.48 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (24.42 | ) |
AMERISAFE Inc. | | AMSF | | NASDAQ | | LA | | | 15.77 | | | | 297 | | | | 136.1 | | | | 136.1 | | | | 5.95 | | | | 5.31 | | | | 7.57 | | | | 0.88 | | | | 27.24 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (14.29 | ) |
AmTrust Financial Services Inc | | AFSI | | NASDAQ | | NY | | | 14.53 | | | | 872 | | | | 220.2 | | | | 254.0 | | | | 9.69 | | | NA | | | | 7.33 | | | | 1.55 | | | | 33.41 | | | | 1.10 | | | | (6.50 | ) |
Arch Capital Group Ltd. | | ACGL | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 70.40 | | | | 4,512 | | | | 123.7 | | | | 124.3 | | | | 6.12 | | | | 6.64 | | | | 6.84 | | | | 1.31 | | | | 27.59 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (1.79 | ) |
Argo Group Intl Holdings | | AGII | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 38.29 | | | | 1,176 | | | | 82.6 | | | | 89.7 | | | | 7.27 | | | | 12.68 | | | | 7.72 | | | | 1.15 | | | | 23.60 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (16.94 | ) |
Aspen Insurance Holdings Ltd. | | AHL | | NYSE | | — | | | | 25.50 | | | | 2,178 | | | | 89.5 | | | | 89.8 | | | | 5.44 | | | | 5.64 | | | | 5.92 | | | | 1.12 | | | | 29.01 | | | | 2.35 | | | | (6.70 | ) |
AXIS Capital Holdings Ltd. | | AXS | | NYSE | | — | | �� | | 34.78 | | | | 5,174 | | | | 116.1 | | | | 117.6 | | | | 5.33 | | | | 5.51 | | | | 6.71 | | | | 1.62 | | | | 33.08 | | | | 2.13 | | | | (11.18 | ) |
Baldwin & Lyons Inc. | | BWINB | | NASDAQ | | IN | | | 21.28 | | | | 325 | | | | 87.8 | | | | 87.8 | | | | 7.63 | | | | 12.67 | | | | 13.57 | | | | 1.41 | | | | 39.44 | | | | 4.70 | | | | (17.39 | ) |
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. | | BRK.A | | NYSE | | NE | | | 132,350 | | | | 204,686 | | | | 171.7 | | | | 238.8 | | | | 17.72 | | | | 21.89 | | | | 22.27 | | | | 1.85 | | | | 72.83 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 21.14 | |
CastlePoint Holdings Ltd. | | CPHL | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 10.74 | | | | 411 | | | | 98.0 | | | | 98.0 | | | | 11.80 | | | NA | | | | 5.00 | | | | 1.22 | | | | 37.48 | | | | 1.86 | | | | (31.46 | ) |
Chubb Corp. | | CB | | NYSE | | NJ | | | 53.62 | | | | 19,597 | | | | 136.6 | | | | 141.2 | | | | 7.58 | | | | 8.21 | | | | 9.19 | | | | 1.40 | | | | 38.28 | | | | 2.46 | | | | (2.69 | ) |
Cincinnati Financial Corp. | | CINF | | NASDAQ | | OH | | | 34.74 | | | | 5,668 | | | | 104.0 | | | | 104.0 | | | | 9.68 | | | | 10.43 | | | | 12.42 | | | | 1.44 | | | | 35.55 | | | | 4.49 | | | | (24.13 | ) |
CNA Surety Corp. | | SUR | | NYSE | | IL | | | 14.50 | | | | 640 | | | | 93.0 | | | | 116.5 | | | | 6.78 | | | | 6.74 | | | | 6.87 | | | | 1.36 | | | | 41.60 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (30.49 | ) |
Commerce Group Inc. | | CGI | | NYSE | | MA | | | 36.70 | | | | 2,211 | | | | 169.6 | | | NA | | | | 16.61 | | | | 11.19 | | | | 15.13 | | | | 1.17 | | | | 56.25 | | | | 3.27 | | | | 6.16 | |
CRM Holdings Ltd. | | CRMH | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 3.39 | | | | 54 | | | | 48.8 | | | | 50.4 | | | | 2.49 | | | NA | | | | 2.93 | | | | 0.33 | | | | 13.88 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (56.65 | ) |
Darwin Professional Undrwrtr | | DR | | NYSE | | CT | | | 27.91 | | | | 475 | | | | 176.2 | | | | 184.7 | | | | 11.39 | | | NA | | | | 11.95 | | | | 2.19 | | | | 53.50 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 17.86 | |
Donegal Group Inc. | | DGICA | | NASDAQ | | PA | | | 17.41 | | | | 445 | | | | 124.2 | | | | 124.3 | | | | 11.31 | | | | 11.68 | | | | 13.17 | | | | 1.28 | | | | 51.21 | | | | 2.41 | | | | 10.75 | |
Eastern Insurance Holdings Inc | | EIHI | | NASDAQ | | PA | | | 16.06 | | | | 154 | | | | 97.8 | | | | 106.7 | | | | 9.12 | | | | 9.79 | | | | 10.22 | | | | 1.04 | | | | 39.46 | | | | 1.74 | | | | 7.00 | |
EMC Insurance Group Inc. | | EMCI | | NASDAQ | | IA | | | 27.96 | | | | 382 | | | | 107.3 | | | | 107.5 | | | | 10.67 | | | | 10.63 | | | | 16.49 | | | | 0.86 | | | | 32.71 | | | | 2.58 | | | | 7.66 | |
Employers Holdings Inc | | EIG | | NYSE | | NV | | | 18.98 | | | | 938 | | | | 237.4 | | | | 237.4 | | | | 8.22 | | | NA | | | | 10.43 | | | | 2.28 | | | | 29.50 | | | | 1.26 | | | | (11.31 | ) |
Endurance Specialty Holdings | | ENH | | NYSE | | — | | | | 33.39 | | | | 2,007 | | | | 92.8 | | | | 101.8 | | | | 4.78 | | | | 4.50 | | | | 5.67 | | | | 1.11 | | | | 25.49 | | | | 2.99 | | | | (15.68 | ) |
IV-5
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-2 (continued)
Market Valuation Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Closing | | Total | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Current | | One-Yr. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Price | | Market | | Book | | Tang. | | LTM | | Oper. | | Next Yr. | | LTM | | Total | | Div. | | Price |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6/02/08 | | Value | | Value | | Book | | EPS | | EPS | | Est. EPS | | Revenue | | Assets | | Yield | | Change |
Company | | Ticker | | Exchange | | State | | ($) | | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (%) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Enstar Group Ltd. | | ESGR | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 104.67 | | | | 1,250 | | | | 269.0 | | | | 281.9 | | | | 21.19 | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 15.87 | | | | 31.29 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (11.30 | ) |
Erie Indemnity Co. | | ERIE | | NASDAQ | | PA | | | 50.15 | | | | 2,598 | | | | 293.3 | | | | 293.3 | | | | 16.50 | | | | 14.75 | | | | 15.47 | | | | 2.15 | | | | 91.12 | | | | 3.51 | | | | (10.46 | ) |
Everest Re Group Ltd. | | RE | | NYSE | | — | | | | 87.15 | | | | 5,397 | | | | 95.8 | | | NA | | | | 8.91 | | | | 7.87 | | | | 7.18 | | | | 1.20 | | | | 29.91 | | | | 2.20 | | | | (18.78 | ) |
Fairfax Financial Holdings Ltd | | FFH | | NYSE | | — | | | | 273.00 | | | | 4,825 | | | | 107.6 | | | | 108.9 | | | | 3.16 | | | NA | | | | 9.17 | | | | 0.58 | | | | 17.21 | | | | 1.83 | | | | 34.51 | |
First Acceptance Corp. | | FAC | | NYSE | | TN | | | 3.57 | | | | 172 | | | | 72.7 | | | | 187.6 | | | NM | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 0.50 | | | | 35.28 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (65.20 | ) |
First Mercury Financial Corp. | | FMR | | NYSE | | MI | | | 17.42 | | | | 318 | | | | 133.0 | | | | 191.3 | | | | 7.81 | | | | 7.85 | | | | 6.96 | | | | 1.56 | | | | 38.28 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (6.75 | ) |
Flagstone Reinsurance Holdings | | FSR | | NYSE | | — | | | | 12.19 | | | | 1,040 | | | | 86.6 | | | | 87.3 | | | | 6.35 | | | NA | | | | 5.65 | | | | 1.81 | | | | 46.39 | | | | 1.31 | | | | (7.58 | ) |
FPIC Insurance Group Inc. | | FPIC | | NASDAQ | | FL | | | 45.84 | | | | 404 | | | | 135.2 | | | | 140.3 | | | | 9.84 | | | | 9.71 | | | | 10.51 | | | | 1.82 | | | | 37.44 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (2.47 | ) |
GAINSCO INC. | | GAN | | AMEX | | TX | | | 3.65 | | | | 89 | | | | 140.8 | | | | 142.1 | | | NM | | | NM | | | NA | | | | 0.42 | | | | 34.98 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (40.65 | ) |
Greenlight Capital Re Ltd | | GLRE | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 19.67 | | | | 590 | | | | 119.9 | | | | 119.9 | | | | 14.36 | | | NA | | | | 5.68 | | | | 4.19 | | | | 55.70 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (17.63 | ) |
Hallmark Financial Services | | HALL | | NASDAQ | | TX | | | 11.71 | | | | 244 | | | | 131.1 | | | | 183.8 | | | | 8.25 | | | | 8.94 | | | | 9.41 | | | | 0.86 | | | | 46.95 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (9.58 | ) |
Hanover Insurance Group Inc. | | THG | | NYSE | | MA | | | 45.13 | | | | 2,320 | | | | 99.8 | | | | 105.8 | | | | 9.54 | | | | 10.26 | | | | 10.67 | | | | 0.83 | | | | 23.91 | | | | 0.89 | | | | (8.22 | ) |
Harleysville Group Inc. | | HGIC | | NASDAQ | | PA | | | 38.70 | | | | 1,145 | | | | 151.5 | | | | 156.3 | | | | 11.87 | | | | 11.83 | | | | 11.37 | | | | 1.16 | | | | 34.95 | | | | 2.58 | | | | 24.64 | |
HCC Insurance Holdings Inc. | | HCC | | NYSE | | TX | | | 23.61 | | | | 2,722 | | | | 107.9 | | | | 159.6 | | | | 7.26 | | | | 7.45 | | | | 7.50 | | | | 1.15 | | | | 33.12 | | | | 1.86 | | | | (29.01 | ) |
Hilltop Holdings Inc. | | HTH | | NYSE | | TX | | | 10.59 | | | | 598 | | | | 85.7 | | | | 90.9 | | | | 2.14 | | | NA | | | | 30.00 | | | | 3.05 | | | | 56.11 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (9.41 | ) |
Horace Mann Educators Corp. | | HMN | | NYSE | | IL | | | 16.28 | | | | 661 | | | | 102.9 | | | | 111.1 | | | | 9.69 | | | | 8.95 | | | | 9.36 | | | | 0.75 | | | | 10.88 | | | | 2.58 | | | | (27.93 | ) |
Infinity Property and Casualty | | IPCC | | NASDAQ | | AL | | | 40.01 | | | | 648 | | | | 105.9 | | | | 120.7 | | | | 10.99 | | | | 10.13 | | | | 12.44 | | | | 0.60 | | | | 32.91 | | | | 1.10 | | | | (26.76 | ) |
IPC Holdings Ltd. | | IPCR | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 28.14 | | | | 1,508 | | | | 82.0 | | | | 82.0 | | | | 4.86 | | | | 5.53 | | | | 6.45 | | | | 2.78 | | | | 55.59 | | | | 3.13 | | | | (10.30 | ) |
Kingsway Financial Services | | KFS | | NYSE | | — | | | | 9.62 | | | | 532 | | | | 59.5 | | | | 68.2 | | | NM | | | NM | | | | 6.75 | | | | 0.26 | | | | 11.69 | | | | 3.12 | | | | (50.00 | ) |
Maiden Holdings | | MHLD | | NASDAQ | | VA | | | 7.49 | | | | 446 | | | | 83.0 | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 62.33 | | | | 0.00 | | | NA | |
Markel Corp. | | MKL | | NYSE | | MI | | | 407.25 | | | | 4,047 | | | | 154.8 | | | | 178.2 | | | | 11.91 | | | | 11.68 | | | | 15.09 | | | | 1.70 | | | | 39.85 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (16.72 | ) |
Meadowbrook Insurance Group | | MIG | | NYSE | | NJ | | | 6.82 | | | | 252 | | | | 81.5 | | | | 98.3 | | | | 8.52 | | | | 8.42 | | | | 6.87 | | | | 0.74 | | | | 22.33 | | | | 1.17 | | | | (37.08 | ) |
Mercer Insurance Group Inc. | | MIGP | | NASDAQ | | CA | | | 17.31 | | | | 114 | | | | 78.9 | | | | 82.2 | | | | 7.69 | | | | 7.43 | | | | 7.35 | | | | 0.68 | | | | 20.75 | | | | 1.73 | | | | (6.08 | ) |
Mercury General Corp. | | MCY | | NYSE | | — | | | | 51.01 | | | | 2,792 | | | | 152.9 | | | NA | | | | 16.14 | | | | 12.69 | | | | 13.46 | | | | 0.92 | | | | 64.27 | | | | 4.55 | | | | (9.23 | ) |
Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd | | MRH | | NYSE | | NJ | | | 16.79 | | | | 1,568 | | | | 94.5 | | | | 94.5 | | | | 6.56 | | | | 6.38 | | | | 6.65 | | | | 2.35 | | | | 46.77 | | | | 1.79 | | | | (8.75 | ) |
National Atlantic Holdings | | NAHC | | NASDAQ | | OH | | | 6.06 | | | | 67 | | | | 47.5 | | | | 47.5 | | | NM | | | NA | | | | 11.15 | | | | 0.36 | | | | 15.10 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (55.01 | ) |
National Interstate Corp. | | NATL | | NASDAQ | | AL | | | 22.91 | | | | 444 | | | | 202.6 | | | | 202.6 | | | | 10.46 | | | NA | | | | 8.38 | | | | 1.53 | | | | 44.44 | | | | 1.05 | | | | (7.81 | ) |
National Security Group Inc. | | NSEC | | NASDAQ | | NY | | | 16.67 | | | | 41 | | | | 86.6 | | | | 86.6 | | | | 7.28 | | | | 12.44 | | | NA | | | | 0.58 | | | | 29.40 | | | | 5.40 | | | | (10.71 | ) |
Navigators Group Inc. | | NAVG | | NASDAQ | | MI | | | 50.18 | | | | 843 | | | | 124.6 | | | | 126.1 | | | | 8.62 | | | | 8.70 | | | | 8.90 | | | | 1.21 | | | | 26.49 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.42 | |
NYMAGIC INC. | | NYM | | NYSE | | NY | | | 22.13 | | | | 192 | | | | 78.8 | | | | 78.8 | | | NM | | | NM | | | | 14.56 | | | | 1.39 | | | | 18.09 | | | | 1.45 | | | | (47.81 | ) |
Odyssey Re Holdings Corp | | ORH | | NYSE | | CT | | | 37.49 | | | | 2,484 | | | | 93.0 | | | NA | | | | 3.50 | | | | 12.02 | | | | 11.75 | | | | 0.77 | | | | 25.35 | | | | 0.67 | | | | (12.85 | ) |
IV-6
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-2 (continued)
Market Valuation Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Closing | | Total | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Current | | One-Yr. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Price | | Market | | Book | | Tang. | | LTM | | Oper. | | Next Yr. | | LTM | | Total | | Div. | | Price |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6/02/08 | | Value | | Value | | Book | | EPS | | EPS | | Est. EPS | | Revenue | | Assets | | Yield | | Change |
Company | | Ticker | | Exchange | | State | | ($) | | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (%) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Old Republic International | | ORI | | NYSE | | IL | | | 14.91 | | | | 3,437 | | | | 78.5 | | | NA | | | | 24.05 | | | | 34.67 | | | | 22.46 | | | | 0.84 | | | | 25.94 | | | | 4.56 | | | | (32.47 | ) |
OneBeacon Insurance Group Ltd. | | OB | | NYSE | | — | | | | 18.25 | | | | 441 | | | | 108.6 | | | NA | | | | 11.06 | | | | 14.60 | | | | 10.55 | | | | 0.21 | | | | 4.91 | | | | 4.60 | | | | (28.29 | ) |
PartnerRe Ltd. | | PRE | | NYSE | | — | | | | 73.90 | | | | 4,011 | | | | 104.2 | | | | 116.8 | | | | 6.54 | | | | 6.08 | | | | 7.41 | | | | 0.93 | | | | 23.20 | | | | 2.49 | | | | (2.56 | ) |
Philadelphia Consolidated Hldg | | PHLY | | NASDAQ | | PA | | | 37.77 | | | | 2,698 | | | | 172.5 | | | NA | | | | 8.64 | | | | 8.93 | | | | 9.73 | | | | 1.70 | | | | 63.54 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (9.45 | ) |
Platinum Underwriters Hldgs | | PTP | | NYSE | | — | | | | 35.44 | | | | 1,734 | | | | 104.8 | | | | 104.8 | | | | 5.84 | | | NA | | | | 6.94 | | | | 1.24 | | | | 34.38 | | | | 0.90 | | | | 2.67 | |
PMA Capital Corp. | | PMACA | | NASDAQ | | PA | | | 10.03 | | | | 319 | | | | 83.0 | | | | 88.2 | | | NM | | | 18.57 | | | | 14.06 | | | | 0.70 | | | | 12.28 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (6.26 | ) |
ProAssurance Corp. | | PRA | | NYSE | | AL | | | 51.02 | | | | 1,635 | | | | 128.2 | | | | 135.9 | | | | 10.63 | | | | 10.61 | | | | 10.45 | | | | 2.38 | | | | 36.56 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (10.91 | ) |
ProCentury Corp. | | PROS | | NASDAQ | | OH | | | 17.50 | | | | 235 | | | | 142.2 | | | NA | | | | 9.56 | | | | 8.84 | | | | 11.04 | | | | 1.01 | | | | 35.28 | | | | 0.91 | | | | (6.42 | ) |
Progressive Corp. | | PGR | | NYSE | | OH | | | 20.42 | | | | 13,835 | | | | 291.3 | | | | 291.3 | | | | 13.61 | | | | 14.59 | | | | 16.05 | | | | 0.95 | | | | 73.92 | | | | 0.71 | | | | (11.98 | ) |
Quanta Capital Holdings Ltd. | | QNTA | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 2.64 | | | | 185 | | | | 74.5 | | | | 76.7 | | | | 4.98 | | | | 33.00 | | | NA | | | | 1.64 | | | | 26.08 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 29.41 | |
RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd. | | RNR | | NYSE | | — | | | | 52.37 | | | | 3,378 | | | | 124.3 | | | NA | | | | 7.16 | | | | 5.31 | | | | 6.25 | | | | 2.18 | | | | 41.35 | | | | 1.76 | | | | (10.40 | ) |
RLI Corp. | | RLI | | NYSE | | IL | | | 51.56 | | | | 1,115 | | | | 149.2 | | | | 154.6 | | | | 7.24 | | | | 8.12 | | | | 12.26 | | | | 1.69 | | | | 42.72 | | | | 1.94 | | | | (11.10 | ) |
Safeco Corp. | | SAF | | NYSE | | WA | | | 67.10 | | | | 6,033 | | | | 180.9 | | | NA | | | | 9.85 | | | | 10.63 | | | | 11.43 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 49.06 | | | | 2.38 | | | | 6.31 | |
Safety Insurance Group Inc. | | SAFT | | NASDAQ | | MA | | | 38.83 | | | | 631 | | | | 107.9 | | | | 107.9 | | | | 7.66 | | | | 7.64 | | | | 9.22 | | | | 0.94 | | | | 43.50 | | | | 4.12 | | | | (8.74 | ) |
SCPIE Holdings Inc. | | SKP | | NYSE | | CA | | | 27.62 | | | | 265 | | | | 111.0 | | | NA | | | | 15.52 | | | | 15.43 | | | NA | | | | 1.86 | | | | 36.66 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 27.99 | |
SeaBright Insurance Hldgs Inc. | | SEAB | | NASDAQ | | WA | | | 15.11 | | | | 320 | | | | 104.7 | | | | 106.1 | | | | 7.75 | | | NA | | | | 7.30 | | | | 1.21 | | | | 41.24 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (15.92 | ) |
Selective Insurance Group | | SIGI | | NASDAQ | | NJ | | | 21.58 | | | | 1,150 | | | | 110.0 | | | | 113.7 | | | | 9.18 | | | | 10.23 | | | | 10.04 | | | | 0.63 | | | | 23.14 | | | | 2.41 | | | | (21.04 | ) |
Specialty UnderwritersAlliance | | SUAI | | NASDAQ | | IL | | | 4.75 | | | | 70 | | | | 54.9 | | | | 59.6 | | | | 5.65 | | | NA | | | | 9.50 | | | | 0.43 | | | | 16.57 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (40.92 | ) |
State Auto Financial Corp. | | STFC | | NASDAQ | | OH | | | 27.49 | | | | 1,090 | | | | 123.9 | | | | 124.2 | | | | 15.19 | | | | 16.46 | | | | 11.38 | | | | 0.96 | | | | 44.95 | | | | 2.18 | | | | (13.23 | ) |
Tower Group Inc. | | TWGP | | NASDAQ | | NY | | | 25.06 | | | | 585 | | | | 186.1 | | | | 213.5 | | | | 12.05 | | | NA | | | | 7.76 | | | | 1.33 | | | | 42.78 | | | | 0.80 | | | | (21.69 | ) |
Transatlantic Holdings Inc. | | TRH | | NYSE | | NY | | | 63.35 | | | | 4,197 | | | | 124.1 | | | | 124.1 | | | | 8.54 | | | | 8.30 | | | | 9.11 | | | | 0.95 | | | | 26.61 | | | | 1.20 | | | | (11.41 | ) |
Travelers Cos | | TRV | | NYSE | | MN | | | 49.28 | | | | 29,800 | | | | 113.8 | | | | 135.1 | | | | 7.19 | | | | 7.27 | | | | 8.19 | | | | 1.15 | | | | 26.11 | | | | 2.44 | | | | (9.71 | ) |
Unico American Corp. | | UNAM | | NASDAQ | | CA | | | 9.11 | | | | 51 | | | | 71.4 | | | | 71.4 | | | | 8.76 | | | | 8.76 | | | NA | | | | 1.03 | | | | 26.56 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (22.80 | ) |
United America Indemnity Ltd. | | INDM | | NASDAQ | | — | | | | 14.23 | | | | 314 | | | | 58.7 | | | | 67.2 | | | | 6.32 | | | | 6.27 | | | | 7.26 | | | | 0.53 | | | | 11.50 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (42.94 | ) |
United Fire & Casualty Co. | | UFCS | | NASDAQ | | IA | | | 35.05 | | | | 956 | | | | 125.5 | | | NA | | | | 9.93 | | | | 10.40 | | | | 10.94 | | | | 1.51 | | | | 34.39 | | | | 1.71 | | | | (11.96 | ) |
Universal Insurance Hldgs Inc. | | UVE | | AMEX | | FL | | | 3.42 | | | | 135 | | | | 148.9 | | | | 148.9 | | | | 2.53 | | | | 2.53 | | | NA | | | | 0.72 | | | | 24.11 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (43.84 | ) |
Validus Holdings Ltd | | VR | | NYSE | | — | | | | 21.12 | | | | 1,568 | | | | 86.5 | | | | 93.5 | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 4.36 | | | | 1.32 | | | | 34.57 | | | | 3.79 | | | NA | |
W.R. Berkley Corp. | | WRB | | NYSE | | CT | | | 27.00 | | | | 4,549 | | | | 133.5 | | | | 137.7 | | | | 6.99 | | | | 7.40 | | | | 7.61 | | | | 0.82 | | | | 27.02 | | | | 0.89 | | | | (19.35 | ) |
Wesco Financial Corp. | | WSC | | AMEX | | CA | | | 424.99 | | | | 3,026 | | | | 120.7 | | | | 135.2 | | | | 28.20 | | | NA | | | NA | | | | 4.72 | | | | 96.05 | | | | 0.36 | | | | 0.00 | |
White Mountains Insurance | | WTM | | NYSE | | NH | | | 463.80 | | | | 4,902 | | | | 105.0 | | | | 105.8 | | | | 19.36 | | | NA | | | | 16.54 | | | | 1.09 | | | | 25.32 | | | | 1.72 | | | | (22.70 | ) |
Zenith National Insurance Corp | | ZNT | | NYSE | | CA | | | 40.94 | | | | 1,522 | | | | 138.4 | | | | 141.1 | | | | 7.23 | | | | 7.68 | | | | 9.91 | | | | 1.85 | | | | 55.41 | | | | 4.89 | | | | (15.59 | ) |
IV-7
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit IV-2 (continued)
Market Valuation Data for Public Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Closing | | Total | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Price/ | | Current | | One-Yr. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Price | | Market | | Book | | Tang. | | LTM | | Oper. | | Next Yr. | | LTM | | Total | | Div. | | Price |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6/02/08 | | Value | | Value | | Book | | EPS | | EPS | | Est. EPS | | Revenue | | Assets | | Yield | | Change |
Company | | Ticker | | Exchange | | State | | ($) | | ($Mil.) | | (%) | | (%) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (x) | | (%) | | (%) | | (%) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Overall P&C Insurance Group Mean | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 4,779 | | | | 120.0 | | | | 131.4 | | | | 9.34 | | | | 10.27 | | | | 10.05 | | | | 1.45 | | | | 35.58 | | | | 1.50 | | | | (12.42 | ) |
Overall P&C Insurance Group Median | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 938 | | | | 108.6 | | | | 117.6 | | | | 8.62 | | | | 8.93 | | | | 9.22 | | | | 1.16 | | | | 34.38 | | | | 1.17 | | | | (10.91 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean > $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 6,553 | | | | 126.8 | | | | 133.8 | | | | 9.88 | | | | 10.10 | | | | 10.19 | | | | 1.62 | | | | 36.24 | | | | 1.69 | | | | (11.92 | ) |
P&C Group Median > $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 1,635 | | | | 113.8 | | | | 120.0 | | | | 8.91 | | | | 8.82 | | | | 9.18 | | | | 1.21 | | | | 33.12 | | | | 1.71 | | | | (11.14 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean < $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 206 | | | | 102.7 | | | | 125.4 | | | | 7.80 | | | | 10.97 | | | | 9.52 | | | | 1.00 | | | | 35.18 | | | | 1.51 | | | | (12.80 | ) |
P&C Group Median < $1 Bil. Total Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 170 | | | | 97.4 | | | | 106.1 | | | | 7.78 | | | | 8.94 | | | | 9.50 | | | | 0.95 | | | | 33.90 | | | | 1.19 | | | | (11.01 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean > $500 Mil. Total Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 7,943 | | | | 122.5 | | | | 137.0 | | | | 9.87 | | | | 10.25 | | | | 9.96 | | | | 1.29 | | | | 36.53 | | | | 1.90 | | | | (11.68 | ) |
P&C Group Median > $500 Mil. Total Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 2,273 | | | | 110.9 | | | | 122.4 | | | | 8.91 | | | | 8.82 | | | | 9.17 | | | | 1.15 | | | | 33.10 | | | | 1.85 | | | | (10.91 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
P&C Group Mean < $500 Mil. Total Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 319 | | | | 116.5 | | | | 124.4 | | | | 8.58 | | | | 10.57 | | | | 10.34 | | | | 1.66 | | | | 34.08 | | | | 0.92 | | | | (13.46 | ) |
P&C Group Median < $500 Mil. Total Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | NA | | | 259 | | | | 103.5 | | | | 106.7 | | | | 8.25 | | | | 9.21 | | | | 10.22 | | | | 1.13 | | | | 35.28 | | | | 0.00 | | | | (11.01 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Source: SNL Financial.
IV-8
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit V-1
Pro Forma Assumptions for Conversion Valuation
1. | | The initial offering price is $10.00 per share and the number of shares offered is computed by dividing the estimated pro forma market value by the offering price. |
|
2. | | The total amount of the net offering proceeds was fully invested at the beginning of the applicable period. |
|
3. | | The net offering proceeds are invested to yield a return of 3.34%, which represents the Company estimated average yield on an invested portfolio of short-term investment securities for the relevant period. The effective income tax rate was assumed to be 34.0%, resulting in a net after-tax yield of 2.20%. |
|
4. | | It is assumed that 10.0% of the shares offered for sale will be acquired by the employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”). Pro forma adjustments have been made to earnings and equity to reflect the impact of the ESOP. Under generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the aggregate purchase price of shares of common stock to be purchased by the ESOP in the offering represents unearned compensation and is reflected as a reduction of capital. The annual ESOP expense is estimated based on a ten-year loan period. It is further assumed that the ESOP purchase is funded by a loan from LMI Holdings. No reinvestment is assumed on proceeds used to fund the ESOP. The amount of this borrowing has been reflected as a reduction from gross proceeds to determine the estimated net funds available for investment. The ESOP expense reflects recognition of expense based upon shares committed to be allocated under the ESOP. The valuation of shares committed to be allocated under the ESOP would be based upon the average market value of the shares during the year. For purposes of this calculation, the average market value was assumed to be equal to the initial offering price of $10.00 per share. |
|
5. | | Expenses of the offering are estimated to be $2.5 million. |
|
6. | | No effect has been given in the pro forma equity calculation for the assumed earnings on the net proceeds. |
|
7. | | Pro forma per share amounts have been computed by dividing pro forma amounts by the total outstanding number of shares of stock for the book value calculations, and as adjusted to give effect to the purchase of shares by the ESOP for the earnings per share (“EPS”) calculations in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) 93-6. Under SOP 93-6, the weighted average of the ESOP shares that have not been committed for release during the yearly period are subtracted from total shares outstanding for purposes of EPS calculations. |
|
8. | | No effect has been given to the issuance of additional shares in conjunction with the grant of options or restricted stock awards under the stock-based incentive plan that LMI Holdings expects to adopt following the Conversion, subject to stockholder approval. |
V-1
FELDMAN FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
Exhibit V-2
Pro Forma Conversion Valuation Range
Lebanon Mutual Insurance Company
Historical Financial Data as of March 31, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Minimum | | | Midpoint | | | Maximum | |
|
Shares offered | | | 1,020,000 | | | | 1,200,000 | | | | 1,380,000 | |
Offering price | | $ | 10.00 | | | $ | 10.00 | | | $ | 10.00 | |
|
Gross proceeds | | $ | 10,200 | | | $ | 12,000 | | | $ | 13,800 | |
Less: estimated expenses | | | (2,500 | ) | | | (2,500 | ) | | | (2,500 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net offering proceeds | | | 7,700 | | | | 9,500 | | | | 11,300 | |
Less: ESOP purchase | | | (1,020 | ) | | | (1,200 | ) | | | (1,380 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net investable proceeds | | $ | 6,680 | | | $ | 8,300 | | | $ | 9,920 | |
|
Net Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LTM ended March 31, 2008 | | $ | 400 | | | $ | 400 | | | $ | 400 | |
Pro forma income on net proceeds | | | 147 | | | | 183 | | | | 219 | |
Pro forma ESOP adjustment | | | (67 | ) | | | (79 | ) | | | (91 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma net income | | $ | 480 | | | $ | 504 | | | $ | 528 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma earnings per share | | $ | 0.52 | | | $ | 0.46 | | | $ | 0.42 | |
|
Operating Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LTM ended March 31, 2008 | | $ | 427 | | | $ | 427 | | | $ | 427 | |
Pro forma income on net proceeds | | | 147 | | | | 183 | | | | 219 | |
Pro forma ESOP adjustment | | | (67 | ) | | | (79 | ) | | | (91 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma operating income | | $ | 507 | | | $ | 531 | | | $ | 555 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma operating earnings per share | | $ | 0.55 | | | $ | 0.49 | | | $ | 0.44 | |
|
Total Revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LTM ended March 31, 2008 | | $ | 10,095 | | | $ | 10,095 | | | $ | 10,095 | |
Pro forma revenue on net proceeds, pre-tax | | | 223 | | | | 277 | | | | 331 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma total revenue | | $ | 10,318 | | | $ | 10,372 | | | $ | 10,426 | |
|
Total Equity | | $ | 13,195 | | | $ | 13,195 | | | $ | 13,195 | |
Net offering proceeds | | | 7,700 | | | | 9,500 | | | | 11,300 | |
Less: ESOP purchase | | | (1,020 | ) | | | (1,200 | ) | | | (1,380 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma total equity | | $ | 19,875 | | | $ | 21,495 | | | $ | 23,115 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma book value per share | | $ | 19.49 | | | $ | 17.91 | | | $ | 16.75 | |
|
Tangible Equity | | $ | 13,195 | | | $ | 13,195 | | | $ | 13,195 | |
Net offering proceeds | | | 7,700 | | | | 9,500 | | | | 11,300 | |
Less: ESOP purchase | | | (1,020 | ) | | | (1,200 | ) | | | (1,380 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma tangible equity | | $ | 19,875 | | | $ | 21,495 | | | $ | 23,115 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma tangible book value per share | | $ | 19.49 | | | $ | 17.91 | | | $ | 16.75 | |
|
Total Assets | | $ | 28,182 | | | $ | 28,182 | | | $ | 28,182 | |
Net offering proceeds | | | 7,700 | | | | 9,500 | | | | 11,300 | |
Less: ESOP purchase | | | (1,020 | ) | | | (1,200 | ) | | | (1,380 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma total assets | | $ | 34,862 | | | $ | 36,482 | | | $ | 38,102 | |
|
Pro Forma Ratios: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Price / LTM EPS | | | 19.23 | | | | 21.55 | | | | 23.65 | |
Price / Operating EPS | | | 18.21 | | | | 20.45 | | | | 22.50 | |
Price / LTM Revenue | | | 0.99 | | | | 1.16 | | | | 1.32 | |
Price / Book Value | | | 51.32 | % | | | 55.83 | % | | | 59.70 | % |
Price / Tangible Book Value | | | 51.32 | % | | | 55.83 | % | | | 59.70 | % |
Price / Total Assets | | | 29.26 | % | | | 32.89 | % | | | 36.22 | % |
Total Equity / Assets | | | 57.01 | % | | | 58.92 | % | | | 60.67 | % |
Tangible Equity / Assets | | | 57.01 | % | | | 58.92 | % | | | 60.67 | % |
V-2