Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, Corporate Transactions, Significant Accounting Policies, and Recent Accounting Pronouncements | BASIS OF PRESENTATION, CORPORATE TRANSACTIONS, SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements of Global Water Resources, Inc. (the “Company”, “GWRI”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) and related disclosures as of September 30, 2019 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited. The December 31, 2018 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. These financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of their application as the Company’s most recent annual consolidated financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 . In our opinion, these financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the results for the interim period. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year, due to the seasonality of our business. The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company”, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), under the rules and regulations of the SEC. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. The Company elected to take advantage of these provisions for up to five years or such earlier time that the Company is no longer an emerging growth company. The Company has elected to take advantage of some of the reduced disclosure obligations regarding financial statements. Also, as an emerging growth company the Company can elect to delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has chosen to take advantage of this extended accounting transition provision. Corporate Transactions Sale of certain MXA and WMA contracts In September 2013, the Company sold its Wastewater Facilities Main Extension Agreements (“MXA”) and Offsite Water Management Agreements (“WMA") for the contemplated Loop 303 service area along with their related rights and obligations to EPCOR Water Arizona Inc. (“EPCOR”) (collectively the “Transfer of Project Agreement”, or “Loop 303 Contracts”). Pursuant to the Transfer of Project Agreement, EPCOR agreed to pay GWRI approximately $4.1 million over a multi-year period. The Company received the remaining $1.0 million of proceeds in March 2019 and recorded the amount in other income due to the completion of certain milestones between EPCOR and the developers/landowners. Stipulated Condemnation of the Operations and Assets of Valencia Water Company, Inc. On July 14, 2015, the Company closed the stipulated condemnation to transfer the operations and assets of Valencia Water Company, Inc. ("Valencia") to the City of Buckeye. Terms of the condemnation were agreed upon through a settlement agreement and stipulated final judgment of condemnation wherein the City of Buckeye acquired all the operations and assets of Valencia and assumed operation of the utility upon close. The City of Buckeye is obligated to pay the Company a growth premium equal to $3,000 for each new water meter installed within Valencia’s prior service areas in the City of Buckeye, for a 20 -year period ending December 31, 2034 , subject to a maximum payout of $45.0 million over the term of the agreement. The Company received growth premiums of $0.1 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Private Letter Ruling On June 2, 2016, the Company received a Private Letter Ruling from the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") that, for purposes of deferring the approximately $19.4 million gain realized from the condemnation of the operations and assets of Valencia, determined that the assets converted upon the condemnation of such assets could be replaced through certain reclamation facility improvements contemplated by the Company under Internal Revenue Code §1033 as property similar or related in service or use. In June 2016, the Company converted all operating subsidiaries from corporations to limited liability companies to take full advantage of the benefits of such ruling. Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code §1033, the Company would have been able to defer the gain on condemnation through the end of 2017. On April 18, 2017, the Company filed a request for a one-year extension to defer the gain to the end of 2018, which the IRS approved on August 8, 2017. On August 28, 2018, the Company filed a request to further defer the gain to the end of 2019, which the IRS approved on October 12, 2018. Following the most recent Private Letter Ruling extension, the Company expects an increase in capital expenditures for 2019 compared to 2018 to fully defer the remaining tax liability of approximately $1.0 million as of September 30, 2019 . Although the Company anticipates that the full amount of the deferral will be utilized by the end of 2019, as a precautionary measure, the Company is preparing a request for an additional deferral through the end of 2020. Acquisitions Turner Ranches Water and Sanitation Company On May 30, 2018, the Company acquired Turner Ranches Water and Sanitation Company ("Turner"), a non-potable irrigation water utility in Mesa, Arizona, for total consideration of approximately $2.8 million in cash. Refer to Note 7 — "Acquisitions" of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the Turner acquisition. Red Rock Utilities On October 16, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Red Rock Utilities ("Red Rock"), an operator of a water and a wastewater utility with service areas in the Pima and Pinal counties of Arizona, for a purchase price of $5.9 million . The acquisition added over 1,650 connections and approximately 9 square miles of service area. The Company is obligated to pay to the seller a growth premium equal to $750 for each new account established within three specified growth premium areas, commencing in each area on the date of the first meter installation and ending on the earlier of ten years after such first installation date or twenty years from the acquisition date. The three specified growth premium areas are located in Pima County, Arizona where Red Rock has not yet begun operating, and where Red Rock is authorized to provide water utility services only. As of September 30, 2019 , no meters have been installed and no accounts have been established in any of the three growth premium areas. Refer to Note 7 — "Acquisitions" of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the Red Rock acquisition. Common Stock Offering On July 20, 2018, the Company completed a public offering of 1,720,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $9.25 per share, for gross proceeds of $15.9 million , which included 220,000 shares issued and sold pursuant to the underwriter's exercise in full of its option to purchase additional shares. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $14.6 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company, which collectively totaled $1.3 million . Arizona Corporation Commission (the “ACC”) Tax Docket The Company had regulatory assets of $1.7 million and $1.8 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and regulatory liabilities of $0.6 million at both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 related to the Federal Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TCJA") signed into law on December 22, 2017. Under ASC 740, Income Taxes , the tax effects of changes in tax laws must be recognized in the period in which the law is enacted. ASC 740 also requires deferred income tax assets and liabilities to be measured at the enacted tax rate expected to apply when temporary differences are to be realized or settled. Thus, at the date of enactment, the Company’s deferred income taxes were re-measured based upon the new tax rate. For the Company’s regulated entities, substantially all of the change in deferred income taxes is recorded as an offset to either a regulatory asset or liability because the impact of changes in the rates are expected to be recovered from or refunded to customers. On December 20, 2017, the ACC opened a docket to address the utility ratemaking implications of the TCJA. The ACC considered the impact for regulated utilities, as it was expected that certain effects of the TCJA add to rate base and others reduce rate base. Numerous companies, including our regulated utilities, filed comments with the ACC in January 2018. The ACC subsequently approved an order in February 2018 requiring Arizona utilities to apply regulatory accounting treatment, which includes the use of regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities, to address all impacts from the enactment of the TCJA. On September 20, 2018, the ACC issued Rate Decision No. 76901, which set forth the reductions in revenue for our Santa Cruz, Palo Verde, Greater Tonopah and Northern Scottsdale utilities due to the TCJA. Rate Decision No. 76901 adopted a phase-in approach for the reductions to match the phase-in of our revenue requirement under Rate Decision No. 74364 enacted in February 2014. In 2018, the aggregate annual reductions in revenue for our Santa Cruz, Palo Verde, Greater Tonopah, and Northern Scottsdale utilities was approximately $782,000 . In 2021, the final year of the phase-in, the aggregate annual reductions in revenue for our Santa Cruz, Palo Verde, Tonopah, and Northern Scottsdale utilities will be approximately $1.1 million . The ACC also approved a carrying cost of 4.25% on regulatory liabilities resulting from the difference of the fully phased-in rates to be applied in 2021 versus the phased-in rates refunded in the years leading up to 2021 (i.e. 2018 through 2020). Rate Decision No. 76901, however, did not address the impacts of the TCJA on accumulated deferred income taxes (“ADIT”), including excess ADIT (“EADIT”). The ACC requested the Company to submit a proposal by December 19, 2018 regarding the impact of the TCJA on its ADIT as of January 1, 2018, and the related EADIT amortization methods for both the plant-related (the protected element of EADIT) and the non-plant related (the unprotected portion of EADIT) assets, as appropriate. On December 19, 2018, the Company submitted the required filing and proposed that as part of a required July 1, 2019 filing, it would propose revised tariffs that incorporate the appropriate rate impacts. The Company made its filing proposing revised tariffs on June 14, 2019. ACC Staff reviewed the filing and requested that the Company defer tariff revisions until such revisions can be considered in the next rate case. ACC Staff also requested that the Company defer consideration of the regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities associated with 2018 EADIT amortization. On July 18, 2019, the Company made a filing proposing these items be deferred to the next rate case. Refer to " — Recent Rate Case Activity — ACC Rate Case" for additional information regarding the Company's next rate case. Previously, the ACC Chairman noted that there may be some unintended consequences related to the tax treatment of contributions in aid of construction ("CIAC") and advances in aid of construction ("AIAC"), which are now taxable with the enactment of the TCJA. Following receipt of comments from various parties, including from us, and a recommendation from the ACC Staff, the ACC adopted an order in November 2018 relating to the funding for income taxes on CIACs and AIACs that provides for the following: 1) requires that under the hybrid sharing method, a contributor will pay a gross-up to the utility consisting of 55% of the income tax expense with the utility covering the remaining 45% of the income tax expense; 2) removes the full gross-up method option for Class A and B utilities and their affiliates (which includes all of our utilities); 3) ensures proper ratemaking treatment of a utility using the self-pay method; 4) clarifies that pass-through entities that are owned by a “C” corporation can recover tax expense according to methods allowed; and 5) requires Class A and B utilities to self-pay the taxes associated with hook-up fee contributions but permits using a portion of the hook-up fees to fund these taxes. The ACC amended the November order by issuing Decision No. 77084 on February 20, 2019 and Decision No. 77104 on February 28, 2019, which imposed additional limits on grossing up CIAC, which we do not believe will be material to us. Recent Rate Case Activity ACC Rate Case On March 20, 2019, the Company filed a motion with the ACC to request an order for certain of our utilities to file a rate case. Thereafter, on April 26, 2019, the ACC issued Decision No. 77168, which requires all of our utilities to file a rate case no later than June 30, 2020, using the twelve months ending December 31, 2019 as the test year for the rate case. The outcome of the new rate case cannot be predicted, but we anticipate that new rates would not take effect before the second half of 2021. We are in the initial stages of evaluating and preparing for the rate case, but we anticipate requesting a moderate increase in rates. There is no guarantee that the ACC will approve a rate increase or whether the ACC will take any other actions as a result of the rate case, including a decision to decrease future rates. Significant Accounting Policies Basic and Diluted Earnings per Common Share As of September 30, 2019 , the Company had 640,796 options outstanding to acquire an equivalent number of shares of GWRI common stock. At September 30, 2019 there were no options outstanding from the 2016 option grant. The 390,796 options outstanding from the 2017 option grant equated to 34,406 and 11,485 common share equivalents for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 , respectively, which were included within the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 . The 250,000 options outstanding from the 2019 option grant were not included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 dilutive earnings per share calculation, as to do so would be antidilutive. Refer to Note 14 – “Deferred Compensation Awards” for additional information regarding the option grants. As of September 30, 2018 , the Company had 499,896 options outstanding to acquire an equivalent number of shares of GWRI common stock. The 100,000 options outstanding from the 2016 option grant equated to 29,354 and 39,424 common share equivalents for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , respectively, which were included within the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 . The 399,896 options outstanding from the 2017 option grant were not included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 dilutive earnings per share calculation, as to do so would be antidilutive. Refer to Note 14 – “Deferred Compensation Awards” for additional information regarding the option grants. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09” or "ASC 606"), which completes the joint effort between the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board to converge the recognition of revenue between the two boards. The new standard affects any entity using U.S. GAAP that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets not included within other FASB standards. The guiding principal of the new standard is that an entity should recognize revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for the delivery of goods and services. ASU 2014-09 may be adopted using either of two acceptable methods: (1) retrospective adoption to each prior period presented with the option to elect certain practical expedients; or (2) adoption with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application and providing certain disclosures. To assess at which time revenue should be recognized, an entity should use the following steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation. Due to qualifying as an emerging growth company, the Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2019. The Company concluded its evaluation of the new revenue standards and implemented it on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method for all contracts. The reported results for the first, second and third quarters of 2019 reflect the application of ASC 606 guidance, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the accounting standard in effect for those periods. The adoption of ASC 606 had no significant impact on the timing of revenue recognition compared to previously reported results; however, enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers were made. Refer to Note 3 — "Revenue Recognition" of the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents to be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the total beginning and ending amounts for the periods shown on the statement of cash flows. Due to qualifying as an emerging growth company, the Company adopted ASU 2016-18 during the first quarter of 2019 and applied the standard retrospectively for all periods presented. Accordingly, for the nine months September 30, 2018 , the Company included restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period amounts shown on the statement of cash flows and removed the change in restricted cash from the cash flows from investing activities. This change resulted in a decrease in net cash used in investing activities of $66,000 as of September 30, 2018 . Future Adoption of Accounting Standards In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”, or "ASC 842"). ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to record a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease obligation for lease arrangements with a term of greater than twelve months. ASU 2016-02 requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements and requires the use of the modified retrospective method, which will require adjustment to all comparative periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. Due to qualifying as an emerging growth company, the Company is required to adopt the ASU on January 1, 2020. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842 ("ASU 2018-10"). ASU 2018-10 improves various aspects within ASC 842, such as rate implicit in the lease, lessee's reassessment of lease classification, lease term and purchase option, as well as many other aspects of the guidance. The ASU is effective when the entity adopts ASC 842, which will be January 1, 2020 for the Company. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases Topic 842, Targeted Improvements ("ASU 2018-11"). ASU 2018-11 provides entities the option to elect not to recast the comparative periods presented when transitioning to ASC 842 and lessors may elect not to separate lease and non-lease components when certain conditions are met. The ASU is effective when the entity adopts ASC 842, which will be January 1, 2020 for the Company. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements but does not expect a material effect. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU 2017-04") . ASU 2017-04 eliminates Step 2 from the impairment test which requires entities to determine the implied fair value of goodwill to measure if any impairment expense is necessary. Instead, entities will record impairment expenses based on the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. Due to qualifying as an emerging growth company, the Company is required to adopt the ASU on January 1, 2022. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-09, Codification Improvements ("ASU 2018-09"). ASU 2018-09 clarifies, corrects errors in, or makes minor improvements to the accounting standards codification. The effective date of the standard is dependent on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Due to qualifying as an emerging growth company, the Company is required to adopt the ASU on January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) ("ASU 2018-13"). ASU 2018-13 changes the fair value disclosure requirements including new, eliminated, and modified disclosure requirements of ASC 820. Specifically, the ASU requires the addition of disclosures for Level 3 fair value measurements with unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income and disclosure of the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 measurements. The ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (Topic 350) ("ASU 2018-15"). ASU 2018-15 amends ASC 350 to include in its scope implementation costs of a Cloud Computing Arrangement ("CCA") that is a service contract and clarifies that a customer should apply ASC 350-40 to determine which implementation costs should be capitalized in a CCA that is considered a service contract. Due to qualifying as an emerging growth company, the Company is required to adopt the ASU on January 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. |