LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | (5) LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Loans at September 30, 2019 and 2018 consisted of the following: (In thousands) 2019 2018 Real estate mortgage: 1-4 family residential $ 198,067 $ 195,274 Commercial 436,020 343,498 Multifamily residential 38,226 28,814 Residential construction 12,545 19,527 Commercial construction 6,995 8,669 Land and land development 10,536 10,504 Commercial business 73,034 67,786 Consumer: Home equity 28,651 24,635 Auto 13,347 11,720 Other consumer 2,663 2,918 Total loans 820,084 713,345 Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net 614 249 Allowance for loan losses (10,040) (9,323) Loans, net $ 810,658 $ 704,271 At September 30, 2019 and 2018, the net unamortized premium on loans acquired from other financial institutions was $339,000 and $413,000, respectively. The Bank has entered into loan transactions with certain directors, officers and their affiliates (related parties). In the opinion of management, such indebtedness was incurred in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and does not involve more than normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features. The following is a summary of activity for related party loans for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018: (In thousands) 2019 2018 Beginning balance $ 8,231 $ 10,299 New loans and advances 3,906 2,521 Repayments (2,875) (4,515) Reclassifications due to officer and director changes (147) (74) Ending balance $ 9,115 $ 8,231 Off-balance-sheet commitments (including commitments to make loans, unused lines of credit and letters of credit) to related parties at September 30, 2019 and 2018 were $2.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively. The following table provides the components of the recorded investment in loans as of September 30, 2019: Residential Commercial Land & Land Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Multifamily Construction Development Business Consumer Total (In thousands) Recorded Investment in Loans: Principal loan balance $ 198,067 $ 436,020 $ 38,226 $ 19,540 $ 10,536 $ 73,034 $ 44,661 $ 820,084 Accrued interest receivable 627 1,922 99 117 29 448 87 3,329 Net deferred loan origination fees and costs (98) 408 (33) 3 (1) 366 (31) 614 Recorded investment in loans $ 198,596 $ 438,350 $ 38,292 $ 19,660 $ 10,564 $ 73,848 $ 44,717 $ 824,027 Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,448 $ 7,647 $ — $ — $ — $ 105 $ 234 $ 12,434 Collectively evaluated for impairment 194,148 430,703 38,292 19,660 10,564 73,743 44,483 811,593 Recorded investment in loans $ 198,596 $ 438,350 $ 38,292 $ 19,660 $ 10,564 $ 73,848 $ 44,717 $ 824,027 The following table provides the components of the recorded investment in loans as of September 30, 2018: Residential Commercial Land & Land Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Multifamily Construction Development Business Consumer Total (In thousands) Recorded Investment in Loans: Principal loan balance $ 195,274 $ 343,498 $ 28,814 $ 28,196 $ 10,504 $ 67,786 $ 39,273 $ 713,345 Accrued interest receivable 589 1,403 81 156 24 365 69 2,687 Net deferred loan origination fees and costs (62) 104 (30) (5) (4) 275 (29) 249 Recorded investment in loans $ 195,801 $ 345,005 $ 28,865 $ 28,347 $ 10,524 $ 68,426 $ 39,313 $ 716,281 Recorded Investment in Loans as Evaluated for Impairment: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,107 $ 7,719 $ — $ — $ 27 $ 231 $ 243 $ 13,327 Collectively evaluated for impairment 190,694 337,286 28,865 28,347 10,497 68,195 39,070 702,954 Recorded investment in loans $ 195,801 $ 345,005 $ 28,865 $ 28,347 $ 10,524 $ 68,426 $ 39,313 $ 716,281 The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2019 and 2018: Residential Commercial Land & Land Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Multifamily Construction Development Business Consumer Total (In thousands) 2019: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 10 $ 512 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 23 $ 545 Collectively evaluated for impairment 328 5,869 478 421 209 1,639 551 9,495 Ending balance $ 338 $ 6,381 $ 478 $ 421 $ 209 $ 1,639 $ 574 $ 10,040 2018: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 7 $ 492 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 12 $ 511 Collectively evaluated for impairment 267 6,333 195 580 210 1,041 186 8,812 Ending balance $ 274 $ 6,825 $ 195 $ 580 $ 210 $ 1,041 $ 198 $ 9,323 The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018, and 2017: Residential Commercial Land & Land Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Multifamily Construction Development Business Consumer Total (In thousands) 2019: Beginning balance $ 274 $ 6,825 $ 195 $ 580 $ 210 $ 1,041 $ 198 $ 9,323 Provisions 55 128 283 (159) (1) 664 493 1,463 Charge-offs (21) (574) — — — (79) (174) (848) Recoveries 30 2 — — — 13 57 102 Ending balance $ 338 $ 6,381 $ 478 $ 421 $ 209 $ 1,639 $ 574 $ 10,040 2018: Beginning balance $ 252 $ 5,739 $ 106 $ 810 $ 223 $ 839 $ 123 $ 8,092 Provisions 14 1,086 89 (230) (13) 190 217 1,353 Charge-offs (98) — — — — — (223) (321) Recoveries 106 — — — — 12 81 199 Ending balance $ 274 $ 6,825 $ 195 $ 580 $ 210 $ 1,041 $ 198 $ 9,323 2017: Beginning balance $ 335 $ 5,160 $ 109 $ 845 $ 295 $ 284 $ 94 $ 7,122 Provisions 15 569 (3) (35) (72) 738 89 1,301 Charge-offs (169) — — — — (200) (116) (485) Recoveries 71 10 — — — 17 56 154 Ending balance $ 252 $ 5,739 $ 106 $ 810 $ 223 $ 839 $ 123 $ 8,092 The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment as of and for the year ended September 30, 2019. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the year ended September 30, 2019. Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized (In thousands) Loans with no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 4,438 $ 4,967 $ — $ 5,037 $ 115 Commercial real estate 5,401 5,408 — 6,337 305 Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development — — — 6 — Commercial business 105 106 — 215 7 Consumer 78 81 — 107 4 $ 10,022 $ 10,562 $ — $ 11,702 $ 431 Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 10 $ 7 $ 10 $ 122 $ — Commercial real estate 2,246 2,637 512 2,126 — Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development — — — — — Commercial business — — — 28 — Consumer 156 155 23 157 — $ 2,412 $ 2,799 $ 545 $ 2,433 $ — Total: Residential real estate $ 4,448 $ 4,974 $ 10 $ 5,159 $ 115 Commercial real estate 7,647 8,045 512 8,463 305 Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development — — — 6 — Commercial business 105 106 — 243 7 Consumer 234 236 23 264 4 $ 12,434 $ 13,361 $ 545 $ 14,135 $ 431 The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment as of and for the year ended September 30, 2018. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the year ended September 30, 2018. Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized (In thousands) Loans with no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 4,833 $ 5,285 $ — $ 5,082 $ 142 Commercial real estate 6,568 6,715 — 6,694 312 Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development 27 28 — 29 — Commercial business 231 241 — 316 13 Consumer 122 123 — 120 4 $ 11,781 $ 12,392 $ — $ 12,241 $ 471 Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 274 $ 282 $ 7 $ 315 $ — Commercial real estate 1,151 1,293 492 256 — Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development — — — — — Commercial business — — — — — Consumer 121 128 12 137 — $ 1,546 $ 1,703 $ 511 $ 708 $ — Total: Residential real estate $ 5,107 $ 5,567 $ 7 $ 5,397 $ 142 Commercial real estate 7,719 8,008 492 6,950 312 Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development 27 28 — 29 — Commercial business 231 241 — 316 13 Consumer 243 251 12 257 4 $ 13,327 $ 14,095 $ 511 $ 12,949 $ 471 The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment as of and for the year ended September 30, 2017. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method of accounting for the year ended September 30, 2017. Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized (In thousands) Loans with no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 4,745 $ 4,980 $ — $ 4,377 $ 144 Commercial real estate 5,477 5,645 — 5,997 204 Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development 30 30 — 221 1 Commercial business 192 199 — 209 6 Consumer 95 95 — 141 4 $ 10,539 $ 10,949 $ — $ 10,945 $ 359 Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 224 $ 268 $ 2 $ 294 $ — Commercial real estate — — — — — Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development — — — — — Commercial business — — — 130 — Consumer 101 101 21 94 — $ 325 $ 369 $ 23 $ 518 $ — Total: Residential real estate $ 4,969 $ 5,248 $ 2 $ 4,671 $ 144 Commercial real estate 5,477 5,645 — 5,997 204 Multifamily — — — — — Construction — — — — — Land and land development 30 30 — 221 1 Commercial business 192 199 — 339 6 Consumer 196 196 21 235 4 $ 10,864 $ 11,318 $ 23 $ 11,463 $ 359 Nonperforming loans consist of nonaccrual loans and loans over 90 days past due and still accruing interest. The following table presents the recorded investment in nonperforming loans at September 30, 2019 and 2018: At September 30, 2019 At September 30, 2018 Loans 90+ Loans 90+ Days Total Days Total Nonaccrual Past Due Nonperforming Nonaccrual Past Due Nonperforming Loans Still Accruing Loans Loans Still Accruing Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,580 $ 12 $ 2,592 $ 2,711 $ 91 $ 2,802 Commercial real estate 2,425 — 2,425 1,284 — 1,284 Multifamily — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Land and land development — — — 27 — 27 Commercial business — — — — — — Consumer 163 — 163 160 — 160 Total $ 5,168 $ 12 $ 5,180 $ 4,182 $ 91 $ 4,273 The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans at September 30, 2019: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 1,619 $ 577 $ 1,121 $ 3,317 $ 195,279 $ 198,596 Commercial real estate 892 772 1,523 3,187 435,163 438,350 Multifamily — — — — 38,292 38,292 Construction — — — — 19,660 19,660 Land and land development — — — — 10,564 10,564 Commercial business 182 — — 182 73,666 73,848 Consumer 77 17 19 113 44,604 44,717 Total $ 2,770 $ 1,366 $ 2,663 $ 6,799 $ 817,228 $ 824,027 The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans at September 30, 2018: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,088 $ 649 $ 1,202 $ 3,939 $ 191,862 $ 195,801 Commercial real estate 696 — 210 906 344,099 345,005 Multifamily — — — — 28,865 28,865 Construction — — — — 28,347 28,347 Land and land development — 27 — 27 10,497 10,524 Commercial business 7 — — 7 68,419 68,426 Consumer 43 37 32 112 39,201 39,313 Total $ 2,834 $ 713 $ 1,444 $ 4,991 $ 711,290 $ 716,281 The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, public information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company classifies loans based on credit risk at least quarterly. The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention: Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. Substandard: Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful: Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loss: Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance on the Company’s books as an asset is not warranted. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans. The following table presents the recorded investment in loans by risk category as of the date indicated: Residential Commercial Land and Land Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Multifamily Construction Development Business Consumer Total (In thousands) September 30, 2019: Pass $ 194,591 $ 424,989 $ 37,823 $ 19,660 $ 10,564 $ 71,050 $ 44,618 $ 803,295 Special Mention — 904 — — — — — 904 Substandard 3,946 12,457 469 — — 2,798 97 19,767 Doubtful 59 — — — — — 2 61 Loss — — — — — — — — Total $ 198,596 $ 438,350 $ 38,292 $ 19,660 $ 10,564 $ 73,848 $ 44,717 $ 824,027 September 30, 2018: Pass $ 190,647 $ 338,256 $ 28,365 $ 28,347 $ 10,207 $ 66,162 $ 39,246 $ 701,230 Special Mention 19 — — — 290 — — 309 Substandard 5,061 6,749 500 — 27 2,264 67 14,668 Doubtful 74 — — — — — — 74 Loss — — — — — — — — Total $ 195,801 $ 345,005 $ 28,865 $ 28,347 $ 10,524 $ 68,426 $ 39,313 $ 716,281 Troubled Debt Restructurings The following table summarizes TDRs by accrual status at September 30, 2019 and 2018. There was $5,000 of specific reserve included in the allowance for loan losses related to TDRs at September 30, 2018. There was no specific reserve included in the allowance for loan losses related to TDRs at September 30, 2019. Accruing Nonaccrual Total (In thousands) September 30, 2019: Residential real estate $ 1,868 $ 351 $ 2,219 Commercial real estate 5,222 59 5,281 Commercial business 105 — 105 Consumer 70 — 70 Total $ 7,265 $ 410 $ 7,675 September 30, 2018: Residential real estate $ 2,396 $ 21 $ 2,417 Commercial real estate 6,435 65 6,500 Commercial business 231 — 231 Consumer 83 — 83 Total $ 9,145 $ 86 $ 9,231 The following table summarizes information in regard to TDRs that were restructured during the years ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. There were no TDRs that were restructured during the year ended September 30, 2019. Pre- Post- Modification Modification Number of Principal Principal Loans Balance Balance (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2018: Residential real estate 1 $ 140 $ 120 Commercial real estate 1 1,674 1,674 Commercial business 1 170 170 Consumer 1 3 3 Total 4 $ 1,987 $ 1,967 September 30, 2017: Residential real estate 2 $ 473 $ 474 Commercial real estate 1 233 233 Land and land development 1 31 32 Commercial business 1 103 103 Total 5 $ 840 $ 842 At September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company had committed to lend $1,000 and $1,000, respectively, to customers with outstanding loans classified as TDRs. For the TDRs listed above, the terms of modification included temporary interest-only payment periods, reduction of the stated interest rate, extension of the maturity date, deferral of the contractual principal and interest payments, and the renewal of matured loans where the debtor was unable to access funds elsewhere at a market interest rate for debt with similar risk characteristics. There were no principal charge-offs recorded as a result of TDRs during the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Provisions for loan losses related to TDRs totaled $5,000 for the year ended September 30, 2018. There were no provisions for loan losses related to TDRs for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2017. In the event that a TDR subsequently defaults, the Company evaluates the restructuring for possible impairment. As a result, the related allowance for loan losses may be increased or charge-offs may be taken to reduce the carrying amount of the loan. During the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company had one TDR that was modified within the previous twelve months for which there was a payment default (defined as more than 90 days past due or in the process of foreclosure). The outstanding balance of that TDR was $114,000. During the years ended September 30, 2018, and 2017 the Company did not have any TDRs that were modified within the previous twelve months for which there was a payment default (defined as more than 90 days past due or in the process of foreclosure). SBA Loan Servicing Rights The Company originates loans to commercial customers under the SBA 7(a) and other programs, and sells the guaranteed portion of the SBA loans with servicing retained. Loan servicing rights on originated SBA loans that have been sold are initially recorded at fair value. Capitalized SBA servicing rights are then amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. Impairment of SBA servicing rights is assessed using the present value of estimated future cash flows. The aggregate fair value of SBA loan servicing rights at September 30, 2019 and 2018 approximated its carrying value. A valuation model employed by an independent third party calculates the present value of future cash flows and is used to estimate fair value at the date of sale and on a quarterly basis for impairment analysis purposes. Management periodically compares the valuation model inputs and results to published industry data in order to validate the model results and assumptions. Key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the SBA loan servicing rights at September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows: Range of Assumption (Weighted Average) Assumption 2019 2018 Discount rate 6.82% to 26.61% (11.11%) 10.84% to 23.22% (14.63%) Prepayment rate 6.80% to 21.17% (14.10%) 4.32% to 14.43% (10.08%) For purposes of impairment, risk characteristics such as interest rate, loan type, term and investor type are used to stratify the SBA loan servicing rights. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance to the extent that fair value is less than the carrying amount. Changes in the valuation allowance are reported in net gain on sales of loans in the consolidated statements of income. The unpaid principal balance of SBA loans serviced for others was $165.0 million and $120.6 million at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. An analysis of loan servicing fees on SBA loans for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: (In thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Late fees and ancillary fees earned $ 41 $ 17 $ 47 Net servicing income (costs) 1,245 863 (9) SBA net servicing fees (costs) $ 1,286 $ 880 $ 38 Contractually specified late fees and ancillary fees earned on SBA loans are included in interest income on loans in the consolidated statements of income. Net servicing income (contractually specified servicing fees offset by direct servicing expenses) related to SBA loans are included in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income. An analysis of SBA loan servicing rights for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: (In thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Balance as of October 1 $ 2,405 $ 1,389 $ 310 Servicing rights capitalized 1,334 1,565 1,188 Amortization (596) (372) (109) Direct write-offs (142) — — Change in valuation allowance 29 (177) — Balance as of September 30 $ 3,030 $ 2,405 $ 1,389 An analysis of the valuation allowance related to SBA loan servicing rights for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: (In thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Balance as of October 1 $ 177 $ — $ — Additions charged to earnings 113 177 — Write-downs charged against allowance (142) — — Balance as of September 30 $ 148 $ 177 $ — Mortgage Servicing Rights ("MSRs") The Company originates residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market and began retaining servicing for certain of these loans when they are sold in August 2019. MSRs retained for originated loans that have been sold are accounted for at fair value. The fair value of MSRs are determined using the present value of estimated expected net servicing income using assumptions about expected mortgage loan prepayment rates, discount rate, servicing costs, and other economic factors, which are determined based on current market conditions. Changes in these underlying assumptions could cause the fair value of MSRs to change significantly in the future. Changes in fair value of MSRs are recorded in mortgage banking income in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. MSRs are subject to changes in value from, among other things, changes in interest rates, prepayments of the underlying loans and changes in the credit quality of the underlying portfolio. A valuation model employed by an independent third party calculates the present value of future cash flows and is used to value the MSRs on a monthly basis. Management periodically compares the valuation model inputs and results to published industry data in order to validate the model results and assumptions. Key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the MSRs at September 30, 2019 were as follows: Assumption Range of Assumption (Weighted Average) Discount rate 9.25% Prepayment rate 4.42% to 72.79% (18.75%) The unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans serviced for others was $91.6 million at September 30, 2019. Custodial escrow balances maintained in connection with the foregoing loan servicing and other liabilities were $427,000 at September 30, 2019. Contractually specified servicing fees (net of direct servicing expenses), late fees and other ancillary fees of $30,000 are included in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended September 30, 2019. Changes in the carrying value of MSRs accounted for at fair value for the year ended September 30, 2019 were as follows: (In thousands) 2019 Fair value as of October 1 $ — Servicing rights capitalized 940 Changes in fair value related to: Loan repayments (6) Changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions — Fair value as of September 30 $ 934 |