First Savings Financial (FSFG) 10-Q9 Feb 242024 Q1 Quarterly reportFinancial data

Company Profile

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
Document And Entity Information - shares	Dec. 31, 2023	Feb. 02, 2024
Document And Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-34155
Entity Registrant Name	First Savings Financial Group, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	IN
Entity Tax Identification Number	37-1567871
Entity Address, Address Line One	702 North Shore Drive
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 300
Entity Address, City or Town	Jeffersonville
Entity Address, State or Province	IN
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	47130
City Area Code	812
Local Phone Number	283-0724
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, $0.01 par value per share
Trading Symbol	FSFG
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		6,883,160
Entity Central Index Key	0001435508
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$ 17,522	$ 18,014
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	15,844	12,831
Total cash and cash equivalents	33,366	30,845
Interest-bearing time deposits	490	490
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	245,538	227,739
Debt securities held to maturity		1,300
Debt securities held to maturity	1,263
Loans held for sale, residential mortgage, at fair value	4,056	24,692
Loans held for sale, Small Business Administration	18,810	21,163
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses of $18,789 at December 31, 2023 and $16,900 at September 30, 2023 *		1,770,243
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses of $18,789 at December 31, 2023 and $16,900 at September 30, 2023 *	1,841,953
Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost	24,987	24,939
Premises and equipment, net	27,712	27,861
Other real estate owned, held for sale	647	677
Accrued interest receivable:
Loans	8,676	7,809
Securities	2,665	2,352
Cash surrender value of life insurance	46,556	46,226
Goodwill	9,848	9,848
Core deposit intangibles	520	561
Residential mortgage loan servicing rights, at fair value	709	59,768
Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights	95	101
SBA loan servicing rights	2,907	2,950
Other assets	37,294	29,290
Total Assets	2,308,092	2,288,854
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	202,769	242,237
Interest-bearing	1,481,077	1,439,557
Total deposits	1,683,846	1,681,794
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	356,699	363,183
Other borrowings	48,484	48,444
Accrued interest payable	10,405	8,926
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	512	1,027
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments	1,882	0
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	41,741	34,499
Total Liabilities	2,143,569	2,137,873
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock of $.01 par value per share; authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued
Common stock of $.01 par value per share;authorized 20,000,000 shares; issued 7,797,146 shares at December 31, 2023 (7,778,471 at September 30, 2023); outstanding 6,883,160 shares at December 31, 2023 (6,867,121 shares at September 30, 2023)	78	78
Additional paid-in capital	27,319	26,986
Retained earnings - substantially restricted	163,753	166,306
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(13,606)	(29,587)
Unearned stock compensation	(1,194)	(1,015)
Less treasury stock, at cost - 861,350 shares (786,640 shares at September 30, 2022)	(11,827)	(11,787)
Total Stockholders' Equity	164,523	150,981
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$ 2,308,092	$ 2,288,854

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANC_2

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses		$ 16,900
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses	$ 18,789	$ 16,900
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	20,000,000	20,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	7,797,146	7,778,471
Common stock, shares outstanding	6,883,160	6,867,121
Treasury stock, shares	861,350	786,640

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMEN

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
INTEREST INCOME
Loans, including fees	$ 26,057	$ 20,185
Securities:
Taxable	942	955
Tax-exempt	1,333	1,979
Dividend income	74	220
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	249	144
Total interest income	28,655	23,483
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits	9,989	4,158
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	3,769	1,919
Other borrowings	784	1,145
Total interest expense	14,542	7,222
Net interest income	14,113	16,261
Provision for credit losses	412	984
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	13,701	15,277
NONINTEREST INCOME
Service charges on deposit accounts	473	558
ATM and interchange fees	449	739
Net unrealized gain on equity securities	38	14
Other than temporary impairment loss on securities		(28)
Net gain on sales of loans, Small Business Administration	834	775
Mortgage banking income	89	2,496
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance	329	225
Commission income	222	128
Real estate lease income	115	117
Other income	233	164
Total noninterest income	2,782	5,188
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Compensation and benefits	9,663	10,685
Occupancy and equipment	2,041	1,860
Data processing	793	777
Advertising	318	418
Professional fees	1,079	793
FDIC insurance premiums	486	308
Net loss on other real estate owned	6
Other operating expenses	1,653	2,670
Total noninterest expense	16,039	17,511
Net income before income taxes	444	2,954
Income tax expense (benefit)	(476)	83
Net Income	$ 920	$ 2,871
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.13	$ 0.42
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.13	$ 0.41
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	6,823,948	6,915,909
Diluted (in shares)	6,839,704	6,972,055
Dividends per share	$ 0.14	$ 0.13

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM_2

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
Net income	$ 920	$ 2,871
Unrealized gains on securities available for sale:
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period	20,231	10,199
Income tax benefit	(4,250)	(2,142)
Net of tax amount	15,981	8,057
Less: reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairment loss on securities included in net income		28
Income tax benefit		(6)
Net of tax amount		22
Other Comprehensive Income	15,981	8,079
Comprehensive Income	$ 16,901	$ 10,950

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM_3

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings Cumulative effect period of adoption adjustment member	Retained Earnings Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Unearned Stock Compensation Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Unearned Stock Compensation	Treasury Stock Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Treasury Stock	Cumulative effect period of adoption adjustment member	Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjusted balance	Total
Balances at Sep. 30, 2022		$ 78		$ 26,770			$ 161,927		$ (27,079)		$ (969)		$ (9,162)			$ 151,565
Net income							2,871									2,871
Other comprehensive loss									8,079							8,079
Common stock dividends							(908)									(908)
Restricted stock grants				495							(495)
Stock compensation expense				82							103					185
Purchase of treasury shares													(1,648)			(1,648)
Balances at Dec. 31, 2022		78		27,347			163,890		(19,000)		(1,361)		(10,810)			160,144
Balances at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 78	78	$ 26,986	26,986	$ (2,510)	$ 163,796	166,306	$ (29,587)	(29,587)	$ (1,015)	(1,015)	$ (11,787)	(11,787)	$ (2,510)	$ 148,471	150,981
Net income							920									920
Other comprehensive loss									15,981							15,981
Common stock dividends							(963)									(963)
Restricted stock grants				294							(294)
Restricted stock forfeitures				(18)							18
Stock compensation expense				75							97					172
Purchase of treasury shares													(40)			(40)
Distribution to Q2 minority interest				(18)												(18)
Balances at Dec. 31, 2023		$ 78		$ 27,319			$ 163,753		$ (13,606)		$ (1,194)		$ (11,827)			$ 164,523

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM_4

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
Common stock dividends - per share	$ 0.14	$ 0.13
Restricted stock grants - shares	19,475	22,000
Restricted stock forfeitures - shares	800
Purchase of treasury shares	2,636	74,710

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM_5

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 920	$ 2,871
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Provision for loan losses	412	984
Depreciation and amortization	608	633
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on securities, net	72	184
Amortization and accretion of fair value adjustments on loans, net	(379)	(374)
Loans originated for sale, residential mortgage	(61,769)	(77,605)
Loans originated for sale, Small Business Administration	(11,392)	(12,785)
Proceeds on sales of loans, residential mortgage	81,999	95,462
Proceeds on sales of loans, Small Business Administration	14,669	11,875
Net realized loss on sale of residential mortgage loans	1,675	158
Net realized gain on sale of SBA loans	(931)	(577)
Capitalization of loan servicing rights	(766)	(340)
Proceeds from sale of residential mortgage loan servicing rights	58,518
Loss on sale of residential mortgage loan servicing rights	247
Net change in value of residential loan servicing rights	803	1,240
Net change in value of SBA and nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights	306	696
Net realized and unrealized gain on other real estate owned	(5)
Other than temporary impairment loss on securities		28
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance	(330)	(225)
Net gain on equity securities	(38)	(14)
Deferred income taxes	(15,692)	(1,532)
Stock compensation expense	172	185
Increase in accrued interest receivable	(1,180)	(2,104)
Increase in accrued interest payable	1,479	682
Change in other assets	7,799	2,440
Change in other liabilities	5,741	(5,123)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	82,938	16,759
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Investment in interest-bearing time deposits		(490)
Proceeds from maturities of interest-bearing time deposits		245
Purchase of securities available for sale		(6,073)
Principal collected and proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale	2,360	3,448
Principal collected and proceeds from maturities of securities held to maturity	37	35
Net increase in loans	(73,583)	(109,441)
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock		15
Purchase of Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock	(48)	(1,575)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate	35
Purchase of premises and equipment	(378)	(719)
Investment in partnership interests	(2,872)	(2,035)
Distribution to Q2 minority interests	(18)
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities	(74,467)	(116,590)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in deposits	2,052	22,007
Increase (decrease) in Federal Home Loan Bank line of credit	(6,484)	5,340
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances	950,000	1,570,000
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances	(950,000)	(1,505,000)
Net increase in other borrowings		7,195
Net decrease in advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	(515)	(512)
Taxes paid on stock award shares for employees		(30)
Purchase of treasury shares	(40)	(1,648)
Dividends paid on common stock	(963)	(908)
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities	(5,950)	96,444
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents	2,521	(3,387)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	30,845	41,665
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year	33,366	38,278
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Interest	$ 13,064	6,540
Income taxes (net of refunds received)		$ (117)

Presentation of Interim Informa

Presentation of Interim Information	3 Months Ended
Presentation of Interim Information	Dec. 31, 2023
Presentation of Interim Information
Presentation of Interim Information	1. Presentation of Interim Information First Savings Financial Group, Inc. (the “Company”) is a financial holding company and the parent of First Savings Bank (the “Bank”). The Bank, which is a wholly-owned Indiana-chartered commercial bank subsidiary of the Company, provides a variety of banking services to individuals and business customers through 16 locations in southern Indiana. The Bank attracts deposits primarily from the general public and uses those funds, along with other borrowings, primarily to originate commercial mortgage, residential mortgage, construction, commercial business and consumer loans, and to a lesser extent, to invest in mortgage-backed securities, municipal bonds and other investment securities. The Bank has three wholly-owned subsidiaries: Q2 Business Capital, LLC(“Q2”), an Indiana limited liability company that specializes in the origination and servicing of U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans, First Savings Investments, Inc., a Nevada corporation that manages a securities portfolio, and Southern Indiana Financial Corporation, which is currently inactive. First Savings Insurance Risk Management, Inc. (the “Captive”), which was a wholly-owned insurance subsidiary of the Company, was a Nevada corporation that provided property and casualty insurance to the Company, the Bank and the Bank’s active subsidiaries. In addition, the Captive provided reinsurance to 11 other third-party insurance captives for which insurance may not be currently available or economically feasible in the insurance marketplace.Effective September 30, 2023, the Captive was dissolved and is no longer in existence. During the three-month period ended December 31, 2023, the Bank ceased its national originate-to-sell mortgage banking operation. The Bank will continue to originate residential mortgage loans in its local southern Indiana markets and first-lien home equity lines of credit from its loan production office in Franklin, Tennessee. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the financial position as of December 31, 2023, the results of operations for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the cash flows for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. All of these adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Such adjustments are the only adjustments included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial statements, conform to general practices within the banking industry and are presented as permitted by the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not contain certain information included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended September 30, 2023 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans Held for Investment Loans are stated at unpaid principal balances, less net deferred loan fees and the allowance for credit losses. Loan origination and commitment fees, as well as certain direct costs of underwriting and closing loans, are deferred and amortized as a yield adjustment to interest income over the lives of the related loans using the interest method. Amortization of deferred loan fees is discontinued when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status. Nonaccrual Loans The recognition of income on a loan is discontinued and previously accrued interest is reversed when interest or principal payments become 90 days past due unless, in the opinion of management, the outstanding interest remains collectible and is well secured and in process of collection. Past due status is determined based on contractual terms. Generally, by applying the cash receipts method, interest income on nonaccrual loans is subsequently recognized only as received until the loan is returned to accrual status. The cash receipts method is used when the likelihood of further loss on the loan is remote. Otherwise, the Company applies the cost recovery method and applies all payments as a reduction of the unpaid principal balance until the loan qualifies for return to accrual status. Interest income on impaired loans is recognized using the cost recovery method, unless the likelihood of further loss is considered remote. A loan is restored to accrual status when all principal and interest payments are brought current and the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled, which generally requires that the borrower demonstrate a period of performance of at least six consecutive months. Loan Charge-Offs For portfolio segments other than consumer loans, the Company’s practice is to charge-off any loan or portion of a loan when the loan is determined by management to be uncollectible due to the borrower’s failure to meet repayment terms, the borrower’s deteriorating or deteriorated financial condition, depreciation of the underlying collateral, the loan’s classification as a loss by regulatory examiners, or for other reasons. A partial charge-off is recorded on a loan when the uncollectibility of a portion of the loan has been confirmed, such as when a loan is discharged in bankruptcy, the collateral is liquidated, a loan is restructured at a reduced principal balance, or other identifiable events that lead management to determine the full principal balance of the loan will not be repaid. An ACL is recognized if necessary. Partial charge-offs of loans are included in the Company’s historical loss experience used to estimate the general component of the allowance for credit losses as discussed below. Consumer loans not secured by real estate are typically charged off at 90 days past due, or earlier if deemed uncollectible, unless the loans are in the process of collection. Overdrafts are charged off after 45 days past due. Charge-offs are typically recorded on loans secured by real estate when the property is foreclosed upon when the carrying value of the loan exceeds the property’s fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans As disclosed in Note 11, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, on October 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments The Company follows its nonaccrual policy by reversing contractual interest income in the income statement when the Company places a loan on nonaccrual status. Therefore, management excludes the accrued interest receivable balance from the amortized cost basis in measuring expected credit losses on the portfolio and does not record an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable. Management considers forward-looking information in estimating expected credit losses. For the contractual term that extends beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period, the Company reverts to the long term average of historical factors using a straight-line approach. The Company uses a four-quarter forecast with immediate reversion to historical losses. Management estimates the ACL balance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit loss experience paired with economic forecasts provides the basis for the quantitatively modeled estimated of expected credit losses. The Company adjusts its quantitative model, as necessary, to reflect conditions not already considered by the quantitative model. The adjustments are commonly known as the Qualitative Framework. The ACL model for each segment is adjusted for (1) changes in the Company’s lending policy, (2) changes in international, national, regional and local economic conditions, (3) changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans, (4) changes in the experience, depth and ability of lending management, (5) changes in the volume and severity of past due loans and other similar conditions, (6) changes in the quality of the Company’s loan review system, (7) changes in the value of underlying collateral, (8) the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the levels of such concentrations and (9) the effect of other external factors such as competition, legal and regulatory requirements Changes in forecasted expectations for these variables could result in volatility in the Company’s ACL in future periods. The ACL is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist utilizing a weighted average remaining maturity loss methodology.The ACL utilizes historical charge off rates that were internally calculated as well as peer charge off data. In many cases, the peer data, which showed higher loss rates, was utilized due to representing a better approximation of management’s estimate of the expected losses on the loan segments. For loans evaluated on a pool basis, the Company applies an average historical loss rate to the pool over its estimated remaining life assuming a constant attrition rate. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. The Company maintains a net book balance threshold of $500,000 for individually evaluated loans unless further analysis in the future suggests a change is needed to this threshold based on the credit environment at that time. For collateral dependent financial assets where the Company has determined that foreclosure of the collateral is probable, or where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Company expects repayment of the financial asset to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the ACL is measured based on the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the asset as of the measurement date. When repayment is expected to be from the operation of the collateral, expected credit losses are calculated as the amount by which the amortized cost basis of the financial asset exceeds the present value of expected cash flows from the operation of the collateral. When repayment is expected to be from the sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are calculated as the amount by which the amortized cost basis of the financial asset exceeds the fair value of the underlying collateral less estimated cost to sell. The allowance for credit losses may be zero if the fair value of the collateral at the measurement date exceeds the amortized cost basis of the financial asset. If the loan is not collateral dependent, the measurement of loss is based on the difference between the expected and contractual future cash flows of the loan. Management measures expected credit losses over the contractual term of a loan. When determining the contractual term, the Company considers expected prepayments but is precluded from considering expected extensions, renewals or modifications, unless the Company reasonably expects it will execute a loan modification with a borrower. In the event of a reasonably expected loan modification, the Company factors the reasonably-expected loan modification into the current expected credit losses estimate. The Company has identified the following portfolio segments and measures and adjusts the ACL using the following methods: Residential real estate The residential real estate ACL model is adjusted for forecasted changes in the housing price indices at both the national and local level, the Case-Schiller Home Price Index, the national unemployment rate, Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) and Real Gross Domestic Product (“Real GDP”). Commercial real estate, single tenant net lease and multifamily The Company offers multi-family mortgage loans that are generally secured by properties in our primary market area. Multi-family loans are secured by first mortgages and generally are originated with a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 80% and generally require specified debt service coverage ratios depending on the characteristics of the project. The Company offers single tenant net lease loans, which are derived from a commercial real estate lending program that is focused on loans to high net worth individuals and that are secured by low loan-to-value, single-tenant commercial properties that are generally leased to investment grade national-brand retailers, the borrowers and collateral properties for which are outside of our primary market area (“NNN Finance Program”). This program is designed to diversify the Company’s geographic and credit risk profile given the geographic dispersion of the loans and collateral, and the investment grade credit of the national-brand lessees. The terms of the loans are generally consistent with the aforementioned terms of in-market commercial real estate loans; however, these cannot exceed 70% loan-to-value and loan maturities cannot exceed the expiration of the underlying leases. The commercial real estate, single tenant net lease and multi-family ACL models are adjusted for changes in the Commercial Real Estate Price Index, which is a time series of commercial property values prepared by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the national unemployment rate, CPI and Real GDP. SBA commercial real estate and SBA commercial business The SBA commercial real estate ACL model is adjusted for the Commercial Real Estate Price Index. Both the SBA commercial real estate ACL model and the SBA commercial business model are adjusted for the national unemployment rate, CPI and Real GDP. Residential and commercial construction The construction ACL model is adjusted for forecasted changes in the housing price indices, the Case-Schiller Home Price Index, the national unemployment rate, CPI and Real GDP. Land and land development The land and land development ACL model is adjusted for forecasted changes in the housing price indices, the Case-Schiller Home Price Index, the national unemployment rate, CPI and Real GDP. Commercial business The commercial business ACL model is adjusted for changes in the national unemployment level, CPI and Real GDP. Consumer The ACL model for consumer loans is adjusted for forecasted changes in the housing price indices, the Case-Schiller Home Price Index, the national unemployment rate, CPI and Real GDP. Allowance for Unfunded Commitments The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over their estimated lives consistent with the Company’s ACL methodology for loans and leases. The allowance for unfunded commitments was $1.9 million as of December 31, 2023. There was no ACL on unfunded commitments at September 30, 2023. Additionally, the Company recorded a credit for credit losses on unfunded commitments of $58,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2023. There was no provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Allowance for Credit Losses – Held to Maturity (HTM) Securities The Company measures expected credit losses on HTM securities on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics. The estimate of expected credit losses considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Company has made the election to exclude accrued interest receivable on HTM securities from the estimate of credit losses and report accrued interest separately on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 2 – Investment Securities, for additional information related the Company’s allowance for credit losses on HTM securities. Allowance for Credit Losses – Available for Sale (AFS) Securities For AFS securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first evaluates whether it intends to sell, or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the AFS security amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. If the criteria is not met, the Company is required to assess whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses of noncredit-related factors. If the assessment indicates a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists, and an allowance for credit loss is recorded through income as a component of provision for credit loss expense. If the assessment indicates that a credit loss does not exist, the Company records the decline in fair value through other comprehensive income, net of related income tax effects. The Company has made the election to exclude accrued interest receivable on AFS securities from the estimate of credit losses and report accrued interest separately on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as provision for (or reversal of) credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. See Note 2 – Investment Securities, for additional information related to the Company’s allowance for credit losses on AFS securities. Collateral Dependent Loans A loan is considered collateral dependent when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining collateral dependency include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Individually evaluated loans are measured on a loan-by-loan basis by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Values for collateral dependent loans are generally based on appraisals obtained from independent licensed real estate appraisers, with adjustments applied for estimated costs to sell the property, estimated costs to complete unfinished or repair damaged property, and other known defects. New appraisals are generally obtained for all significant properties when a loan is identified as collateral dependent. Generally, a property is considered significant if the value of the property is estimated to exceed $250,000. Subsequent appraisals are obtained as needed or if management believes there has been a significant change in the market value of a collateral property securing a collateral dependent loan. In instances where it is not deemed necessary to obtain a new appraisal, management would base its allowance for credit loss on the original appraisal with adjustments for current conditions based on management’s assessment of market factors and management’s inspection of the property. Financial Difficulty Modifications Effective October 1, 2023, the Company prospectively adopted ASU 2022-02, which eliminated the accounting for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) while establishing a new standard for the disclosure of modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties (Financial Difficulty Modifications, or “FDMs”). As such, effective with the adoption of the standard, the Company prospectively will not include performing FDMs in the calculation of nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets or classified assets. Prior period data, which included TDRs, has not been adjusted.

Investment Securities

Investment Securities	3 Months Ended
Investment Securities	Dec. 31, 2023
Investment Securities
Investment Securities	2. Investment Securities U.S. agency bonds and notes, agency mortgage-backed securities and agency collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMO”) include treasury notes issued by the U.S. government; securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), a U.S. government agency; and securities issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) and the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), which are U.S. government sponsored enterprises. The Company holds municipal bonds issued by municipal governments within the U.S. The Company also holds pass-through asset-backed securities guaranteed by the SBA representing participating interests in pools of long term debentures issued by state and local development companies certified by the SBA. Privately issued CMO and asset-backed securities (“ABS”) are complex securities issued by non-government special purpose entities that are collateralized by residential mortgage loans and residential home equity loans. The Company also holds subordinated debt of a regional financial institution. Investment securities have been classified according to management’s intent. At this time, the Company does not intend to sell, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell, debt securities temporarily impaired prior to maturity or recovery of the recorded value. The Company recorded no reserves on investment securities for the three months ended December 31, 2023 or 2022. The Company’s held to maturity (“HTM”) debt securities consist of two agency mortgage-backed securities and two municipal bonds. The agency mortgage-backed securities carry an explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government, are widely considered as “risk free” and have a long history of zero credit loss. The two HTM municipal bonds are unrated, but have performed as agreed and are not considered to be credit impaired. The carrying value of HTM debt securities totaled $1.3 million at December 31, 2023. There were no HTM securities on nonaccrual status or past due as of December 31, 2023 Debt Securities Available for Sale and Held to Maturity The following tables provide a summary of debt securities available for sale and held to maturity: Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gain Losses Value (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Debt securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury notes $ 30,632 $ — $ 3,193 $ 27,439 Agency mortgage-backed 28,090 2 2,654 25,438 Agency CMO 13,877 — 999 12,878 Privately-issued CMO 412 2 26 388 Privately-issued ABS 388 14 1 401 SBA certificates 11,537 — 326 11,211 Municipal bonds 175,841 1,021 10,791 166,071 Other 2,000 — 288 1,712 Total debt securities available for sale $ 262,777 $ 1,039 $ 18,278 $ 245,538 Debt securities held to maturity: Agency mortgage-backed $ 34 $ — $ — $ 34 Municipal bonds 1,229 23 — 1,252 Total debt securities held to maturity $ 1,263 $ 23 $ — $ 1,286 Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gain Losses Value (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Debt securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury notes $ 30,598 $ — $ 4,649 $ 25,949 Agency mortgage-backed 28,542 — 4,274 24,268 Agency CMO 14,064 — 1,322 12,742 Privately-issued CMO 424 2 30 396 Privately-issued ABS 433 13 3 443 SBA certificates 11,587 — 842 10,745 Municipal bonds 177,561 19 26,096 151,484 Subordinated debt 2,000 — 288 1,712 Total debt securities available for sale $ 265,209 $ 34 $ 37,504 $ 227,739 Debt securities held to maturity: Agency mortgage-backed $ 36 $ — $ 1 $ 35 Municipal bonds 1,264 4 — 1,268 Total debt securities held to maturity $ 1,300 $ 4 $ 1 $ 1,303 The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of December 31, 2023 by contractual maturity are shown below. CMO, ABS, SBA certificates, and mortgage-backed securities which do not have a single maturity date are shown separately. Available for Sale Held to Maturity Amortized Fair Amortized Fair Cost Value Cost Value (In thousands) Due within one year $ 2,594 $ 2,570 $ 253 $ 256 Due after one year through five years 8,663 8,649 632 644 Due after five years through ten years 45,354 41,504 344 352 Due after ten years 151,862 142,499 — — CMO 14,289 13,266 — — ABS 388 401 — — SBA certificates 11,537 11,211 — — Mortgage-backed securities 28,090 25,438 34 34 $ 262,777 $ 245,538 $ 1,263 $ 1,286 The following tables provide the fair value and gross unrealized losses on investment securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and the length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous loss position: Number of Gross Investment Fair Unrealized Positions Value Losses (Dollars in thousands) December 31,2023: Debt securities available for sale: Continuous loss position less than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 5 $ 1,599 $ 32 Municipal bonds 4 3,703 38 Other 1 1,712 288 Total less than twelve months 10 7,014 358 Continuous loss position more than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 1 25,840 3,161 Agency mortgage-backed 14 25,000 2,654 Agency CMO 15 12,878 999 Privately-issued CMO 1 343 26 Privately-issued ABS 1 179 1 SBA certificates 3 11,211 326 Municipal bonds 115 108,017 10,753 Total more than twelve months 150 183,468 17,920 Total debt securities available for sale 160 $ 190,482 $ 18,278 September 30, 2023: Debt securities available for sale: Continuous loss position less than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 5 $ 1,576 $ 49 Agency mortgage-backed 2 163 8 Agency CMO 1 4,249 462 SBA certificates 1 31 3 Municipal bonds 43 45,931 3,334 Other 1 1,712 288 Total less than twelve months 53 53,662 4,144 Continuous loss position more than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 1 24,373 4,600 Agency mortgage-backed 15 23,859 4,266 Agency CMO 14 8,493 860 Privately-issued CMO 2 375 30 Privately-issued ABS 1 212 3 SBA certificates 2 10,714 839 Municipal bonds 115 95,185 22,762 Total more than twelve months 150 163,211 33,360 Total debt securities available for sale 203 $ 216,873 $ 37,504 Debt securities held to maturity: Continuous loss position more than twelve months: Agency mortgage-backed 1 $ 19 $ 1 Total more than twelve months 1 19 1 Total debt securities held to maturity 1 $ 19 $ 1 At December 31, 2023, the Company did not have any securities held to maturity with an unrealized loss. All debt securities available for sale with unrealized losses are reviewed quarterly. For debt securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through the income statement For debt securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis for the security, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited to the amount that the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost basis The total debt securities available for sale in loss positions at December 31, 2023, which consisted of U.S. Treasury notes, agency mortgage-backed securities, agency CMOs, privately-issued CMOs, privately-issued ABS, municipal bonds, SBA certificates and other securities represented 78% of total debt securities available for sale at December 31, 2023. All of the municipal securities are issued by municipal governments and are generally secured by first mortgage loans and municipal project revenues. The Company evaluates the existence of a potential credit loss component related to the decline in fair value of the privately issued CMO and ABS portfolios each quarter using an independent third party analysis. At December 31, 2023, the Company held five privately-issued CMO and ABS securities, acquired in a 2009 bank merger, with an aggregate amortized cost of $623,000 and fair value of $602,000 that have been downgraded to a substandard regulatory classification due to the securities credit quality rating by various rating agencies. At December 31, 2023, two privately-issued CMO securities and one privately-issued ABS were in a loss position, and had depreciated approximately 4.9% from the Company’s carrying value and were collateralized by residential mortgage loans. These securities had a total fair value of $522,000 and a total unrealized loss of $27,000 at December 31, 2023. Based on the independent third party analysis of the expected cash flows, no credit loss was recognized during the three months ended December 31, 2023. An other-than temporary impairment charge of $28,000 was taken in the three months ended December 31, 2022, which was prior to the Company’s adoption of CECL. While the Company does not anticipate additional credit-related impairment losses at December 31, 2023, additional deterioration in market and economic conditions may have an adverse impact on the credit quality of the portfolio, and therefore, require a credit related impairment charge in the future. The unrealized losses on U.S. Treasury bills and notes, agency mortgage-backed securities, agency CMOs, SBA certificates and municipal bonds relate principally to changes in current interest rates for similar types of securities. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government, its agencies, or other governments, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. As management has the intent and ability to hold debt securities to maturity, or until recovery in value to the amortized cost basis if classified as available for sale, no declines in value are deemed to represent credit impairment. Additionally, based on the Company’s credit assessment of debt securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position, the Company recorded no reserves for the three-month period ended December 31, 2023. The Company recorded $28,000 of other-than-temporary impairment loss for the three-month period ended December 31, 2022. During the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no sales of debt securities available for sale. At December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, available for sale debt securities with a total fair value of $55.2 million and $52.9 million, respectively, were pledged to secure FHLB borrowings.

Loans and Allowance for Credit

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses	3 Months Ended
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses	Dec. 31, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses	3. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 consisted of the following: December 31, September 30, 2023 2023 (In thousands) Real estate mortgage: Residential $ 568,180 $ 528,410 Commercial 187,654 187,232 Single tenant net lease 766,351 757,388 SBA commercial (1) 48,106 47,078 Multifamily 39,273 34,892 Residential construction 32,979 24,924 Commercial construction 18,397 14,588 Land and land development 15,800 17,234 Commercial business 127,259 117,594 SBA commercial business (1) 16,852 16,939 Consumer 38,978 39,915 Total loans 1,859,829 1,786,194 Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net 913 949 Allowance for credit losses (18,789) (16,900) Loans, net $ 1,841,953 $ 1,770,243 (1) Includes discounts on SBA loans of $3.3 million for December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. During the three-month period ended December 31, 2023, there were no significant changes in the Company’s lending activities as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. As discussed in Note 11, on October 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments At December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, the Company owned $444,000 of residential real estate where physical possession has been obtained. At December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, the recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties in the process of foreclosure was $539,000. The following table provides the components of loans as of September 30, 2023, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 ( in thousands Individually Collectively Evaluated for Evaluated for Loans as Evaluated for Impairment: Impairment Impairment Loans Residential real estate $ 3,312 $ 525,098 $ 528,410 Commercial real estate 868 186,364 187,232 Single tenant net lease — 757,388 757,388 SBA commercial real estate 7,415 39,663 47,078 Multifamily 318 34,574 34,892 Residential construction — 24,924 24,924 Commercial construction — 14,588 14,588 Land and land development — 17,234 17,234 Commercial business 1,946 115,648 117,594 SBA commercial business 1,122 15,817 16,939 Consumer 233 39,682 39,915 $ 15,214 $ 1,770,980 $ 1,786,194 The following table presents the balance in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2023: Individually Collectively Evaluated for Evaluated for Ending Impairment Impairment Balance (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Residential real estate $ 74 $ 4,567 $ 4,641 Commercial real estate 2 1,775 1,777 Single tenant net lease — 3,810 3,810 SBA commercial real estate — 1,922 1,922 Multifamily — 268 268 Residential construction — 434 434 Commercial construction — 282 282 Land and land development — 307 307 Commercial business 111 1,603 1,714 SBA commercial business 187 1,060 1,247 Consumer 189 309 498 $ 563 $ 16,337 $ 16,900 The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: Beginning Balance Adoption of ASC 326 Provisions (Credits) Charge-Offs Recoveries Ending Balance (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Residential real estate $ 4,641 $ 1,037 $ 9 $ — $ 1 $ 5,688 Commercial real estate 1,777 255 (235) — — 1,797 Single tenant net lease 3,810 222 48 — — 4,080 SBA commercial real estate 1,922 511 379 (2) 61 2,871 Multifamily 268 (21) 74 — — 321 Residential construction 434 (226) 96 — — 304 Commercial construction 282 43 59 — — 384 Land and land development 307 (74) (36) — — 197 Commercial business 1,714 (495) 3 — — 1,222 SBA commercial business 1,247 160 72 (3) 23 1,499 Consumer 498 17 — (108) 19 426 $ 16,900 $ 1,429 $ 469 $ (113) $ 104 $ 18,789 December 31, 2022: Residential real estate $ 2,716 $ — $ 382 $ — $ 2 $ 3,100 Commercial real estate 1,590 — 161 — — 1,751 Single tenant net lease 3,838 — (34) — — 3,804 SBA commercial real estate 2,578 — (106) (74) — 2,398 Multifamily 251 — 1 — — 252 Residential construction 305 — 62 — — 367 Commercial construction 107 — (24) — — 83 Land and land development 212 — (12) — — 200 Commercial business 1,193 — 32 — 30 1,255 SBA commercial business 2,122 — 390 (190) 16 2,338 Consumer 448 — 132 (65) 17 532 $ 15,360 $ — $ 984 $ (329) $ 65 $ 16,080 The following table presents the average balance of impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2022, prior to the Company’s adoption of ASU 2016-13 and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three-month period ended December 31, 2022. The Company did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans using the cash receipts method during the three-month period ended December 31, 2022. Average Interest Recorded Income Balance Recognized (In thousands) Loans with no related ACL recorded: Residential real estate $ 2,891 $ 15 Commercial real estate 971 7 Single tenant net lease — — SBA commercial real estate 7,033 — Multifamily 393 5 Residential construction — — Commercial construction — — Land and land development — — Commercial business 1,068 12 SBA commercial business 757 — Consumer 77 — $ 13,190 $ 39 Loans with an ACL recorded: Residential real estate $ — $ — Commercial real estate — — Single tenant net lease — — SBA commercial real estate 1,665 — Multifamily — — Residential construction — — Commercial construction — — Land and land development — — Commercial business 67 — SBA commercial business 1,267 — Consumer 184 — $ 3,183 $ — Total: Residential real estate $ 2,891 $ 15 Commercial real estate 971 7 Single tenant net lease — — SBA commercial real estate 8,698 — Multifamily 393 5 Residential construction — — Commercial construction — — Land and land development — — Commercial business 1,135 12 SBA commercial business 2,024 — Consumer 261 — $ 16,373 $ 39 The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2023, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13. Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Balance Balance Allowance (In thousands) Loans with no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 1,989 $ 2,139 $ — Commercial real estate 551 627 — Single tenant net lease — — — SBA commercial real estate 7,415 9,397 — Multifamily 318 362 — Residential construction — — — Commercial construction — — — Land and land development — — — Commercial business 870 972 — SBA commercial business 684 1,799 — Consumer 44 58 — $ 11,871 $ 15,354 $ — Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 1,323 $ 1,328 $ 74 Commercial real estate 317 317 2 Single tenant net lease — — — SBA commercial real estate — — — Multifamily — — — Residential construction — — — Commercial construction — — — Land and land development — — — Commercial business 1,076 1,165 111 SBA commercial business 438 637 187 Consumer 189 189 189 $ 3,343 $ 3,636 $ 563 Total: Residential real estate $ 3,312 $ 3,467 $ 74 Commercial real estate 868 945 2 Single tenant net lease — — — SBA commercial real estate 7,415 9,397 — Multifamily 318 362 — Residential construction — — — Commercial construction — — — Land and land development — — — Commercial business 1,946 2,137 111 SBA commercial business 1,122 2,436 187 Consumer 233 247 189 $ 15,214 $ 18,990 $ 563 The table below presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual and loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest. Also presented is the balance of loans on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2023 for which there was no related allowance for credit losses. The Company recognized no interest income related to nonaccrual loans for the three-month period ended December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023 At September 30, 2023 Nonaccrual Loans 90+ Loans 90+ Total Loans with No Days Total Days Nonaccrual Allowance for Past Due Nonaccrual Past Due Loans Credit Loses Still Accruing Loans Still Accruing (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,519 $ 1,662 $ — $ 2,426 $ — Commercial real estate 504 504 — 511 — Single tenant net lease — — — — — SBA commercial real estate 8,248 6,929 — 7,415 — Multifamily 304 304 — 318 — Residential construction — — — — — Commercial construction — — — — — Land and land development — — — — — Commercial business 1,770 512 — 1,946 — SBA commercial business 2,015 1,463 — 1,099 — Consumer 148 12 — 233 — Total $ 15,508 $ 11,386 $ — $ 13,948 $ — The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by collateral types, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses: December 31, 2023 Real Estate Other Total Residential real estate $ 2,519 $ — $ 2,519 Commercial real estate 504 — 504 SBA commercial real estate 8,248 — 8,248 Multifamily 304 — 304 Commercial business — 1,770 1,770 SBA commercial business — 2,015 2,015 Consumer — 148 148 $ 11,575 $ 3,933 $ 15,508 The following table presents the aging of past due loans at December 31, 2023: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,649 $ 228 $ 1,932 $ 4,809 $ 563,371 $ 568,180 Commercial real estate 448 504 — 952 186,702 187,654 Single tenant net lease — — — — 766,351 766,351 SBA commercial real estate 470 328 3,908 4,706 43,400 48,106 Multifamily — — — — 39,273 39,273 Residential construction — — — — 32,979 32,979 Commercial construction — — — — 18,397 18,397 Land and land development — — — — 15,800 15,800 Commercial business 184 122 51 357 126,902 127,259 SBA commercial business — 25 772 797 16,055 16,852 Consumer 292 — 7 299 38,679 38,978 Total $ 4,043 $ 1,207 $ 6,670 $ 11,920 $ 1,847,909 $ 1,859,829 The following table presents the aging of past due loans at September 30, 2023: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,715 $ 132 $ 1,818 $ 4,665 $ 523,745 $ 528,410 Commercial real estate 23 62 — 85 187,147 187,232 Single tenant net lease — — — — 757,388 757,388 SBA commercial real estate 764 — 3,877 4,641 42,437 47,078 Multifamily — — — — 34,892 34,892 Residential construction — — — — 24,924 24,924 Commercial construction — — — — 14,588 14,588 Land and land development 40 — — 40 17,194 17,234 Commercial business 112 — 86 198 117,396 117,594 SBA commercial business 130 — 682 812 16,127 16,939 Consumer 137 5 36 178 39,737 39,915 Total $ 3,921 $ 199 $ 6,499 $ 10,619 $ 1,775,575 $ 1,786,194 The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, public information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic conditions and trends, among other factors. The Company classifies loans based on credit risk at least quarterly. The Company uses the following regulatory definitions for risk ratings: Pass: Special Mention: Substandard: Doubtful: Loss: The following tables outline, as of December 31, 2023, the amount of each loan and lease classification and the amount categorized into each risk rating based on fiscal year of origination as well as current period gross charge-offs: Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End September 30 Revolving Loans Revolving Converted (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans To Term Total Residential real estate Pass $ 11,015 $ 36,173 $ 68,655 $ 31,544 $ 15,826 $ 60,977 $ 341,898 $ — $ 566,088 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 116 717 441 — 491 306 — 2,071 Doubtful — — — — — 21 — — 21 Loss — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate 11,015 36,289 69,372 31,985 15,826 61,489 342,204 — 568,180 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Commercial real estate Pass 5,431 26,730 65,560 23,718 9,398 56,114 — — $ 186,951 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 504 — — 23 176 — — 703 Doubtful — — — — — — — — 21 Loss — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate 5,431 27,234 65,560 23,718 9,421 56,290 — — 187,654 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Single tenant net lease commercial real estate Pass 17,388 154,911 285,497 72,562 102,620 133,373 — — 766,351 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total single tenant net lease 17,388 154,911 285,497 72,562 102,620 133,373 — — 766,351 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — SBA commercial real estate Pass 1,434 8,733 5,780 6,779 8,883 7,926 46 — 39,581 Special mention — — 277 — — — — — 277 Substandard — — 115 94 397 5,957 — — 6,563 Doubtful — — — — — 1,624 — — 1,624 Loss — — — — — 61 — — 61 Total SBA commercial real estate 1,434 8,733 6,172 6,873 9,280 15,568 46 — 48,106 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — 2 — — 2 Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End September 30 Revolving Loans Revolving Converted (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans To Term Total Multifamily real estate Pass 5,000 2,577 7,345 5,584 11,302 7,161 — — 38,969 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — 304 — 304 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily real estate 5,000 2,577 7,345 5,584 11,302 7,465 — — 39,273 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Residential construction Pass 1,107 14,361 17,511 — — — — — 32,979 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total residential construction 1,107 14,361 17,511 — — — — — 32,979 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Commercial construction Pass — 14,187 4,210 — — — — — 18,397 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total commercial construction — 14,187 4,210 — — — — — 18,397 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Land and land development Pass 347 7,255 5,439 1,121 411 1,227 — — 15,800 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total land and land development 347 7,255 5,439 1,121 411 1,227 — — 15,800 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End September 30 Revolving Loans Revolving Converted (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans To Term Total Commercial business Pass 11,109 59,498 30,835 13,255 4,140 6,652 — — 125,489 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 1,017 195 46 4 508 — — 1,770 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total commercial business 11,109 60,515 31,030 13,301 4,144 7,160 — — 127,259 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — SBA commercial business Pass 1,289 2,327 765 1,258 4,796 3,808 375 — 14,618 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 60 54 2,109 — — 2,223 Doubtful — — — — — 9 — — 9 Loss — — — — — 2 — — 2 Total SBA commercial business 1,289 2,327 765 1,318 4,850 5,928 375 — 16,852 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — 3 — — 3 Consumer Pass 1,374 5,400 4,352 673 396 273 26,498 — 38,966 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 2 2 — — — 8 — 12 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total consumer 1,374 5,402 4,354 673 396 273 26,506 — 38,978 YTD gross charge-offs — — — 1 — 107 — — 108 Total loans Pass 55,494 332,152 495,949 156,494 157,772 277,511 368,817 — 1,844,189 Special mention — — 277 — — — — — 277 Substandard — 1,693 1,029 641 478 9,545 314 — 13,646 Doubtful — — — — — 1,654 — — 1,654 Loss — — — — — 63 — — 63 Total loans 55,494 333,791 497,255 157,135 158,250 288,773 369,131 — 1,859,829 YTD gross charge-offs — — — 1 — 112 — — 113 The following table presents loans by risk category as of September 30, 2023: Special September 30, 2023: Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Total (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 525,735 $ — $ 2,653 $ 22 $ — $ 528,410 Commercial real estate 186,520 — 712 — — 187,232 Single tenant net lease 757,388 — — — — 757,388 SBA commercial real estate 39,092 278 6,083 1,625 — 47,078 Multifamily 34,574 — 318 — — 34,892 Residential construction 24,924 — — — — 24,924 Commercial construction 14,588 — — — — 14,588 Land and land development 17,234 — — — — 17,234 Commercial business 115,647 40 1,907 — — 117,594 SBA commercial business 14,572 — 2,327 40 — 16,939 Consumer 39,871 — 44 — — 39,915 Total $ 1,770,145 $ 318 $ 14,044 $ 1,687 $ — $ 1,786,194 Financial Difficulty Modifications Effective October 1, 2023, the Company prospectively adopted ASU 2022-02, which eliminated the accounting for TDRs while establishing a new standard for the treatment of modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties (Financial Difficulty Modifications, or “FDMs”). As such, effective with the adoption of the standard, the Company prospectively will not include FDMs in the calculation of nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets or classified assets. Prior period data, which included TDRs, has not been adjusted. An FDM may result when a borrower is in financial distress and may be in the form of principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, a term extension or a significant payment delay. In some cases, the Company may provide multiple types of modifications for a single loan. One type of modification, such as payment delay, may be granted initially. However, if the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another modification, such as term extension and/or interest rate reduction may be granted. Additionally, modifications with a term extension or interest rate reduction are intended to reduce the borrower’s monthly payment, while modifications with a payment delay, which typically allow borrowers to make monthly payments or interest only payments for a period of time, are structured to cure the payment defaults by making delinquent payments due at maturity. Payment deferrals up to six months have minimal financial impact since the deferred payments are paid at maturity. There were no new FDMs made or modifications of existing FDMs during the three months ended December 31, 2023. The following table summarizes the Company’s recorded investment in TDRs at December 31, 2022, prior to adoption of ASU 2022-02. There was $125,000 of specific reserve included in the allowance for loan losses related to TDRs at December 31, 2022. Accruing Nonaccrual Total (In thousands) December 31, 2022: Residential real estate $ 1,021 $ — $ 1,021 Commercial real estate 383 420 803 SBA commercial real estate — 1,604 1,604 Multifamily 346 — 346 Commercial business 830 — 830 SBA commercial business — 262 262 Total $ 2,580 $ 2,286 $ 4,866 There were no TDRs that were restructured during the three-months ended December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2022, the Company had committed to lend $1,000 to customers with outstanding loans classified as TDRs. There were principal charge-offs totaling $3,000 as a result of loans previously designated as TDRs during the three-month period ended December 31, 2022. In the event that a TDR subsequently defaults, the Company evaluates the restructuring for possible impairment. As a result, the related allowance for loan losses may be increased or charge-offs may be taken to reduce the carrying amount of the loan. During the three-month periods ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any TDRs that were modified within the previous twelve months and for which there was a payment default. SBA Loan Servicing Rights The Company originates loans to commercial customers under the SBA 7(a) program and other programs, and typically sells the guaranteed portion of the SBA loans with servicing rights retained. Loan servicing rights on originated SBA loans that have been sold are initially recorded at fair value. Capitalized SBA servicing rights are then amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. Impairment of SBA servicing rights is assessed using the present value of estimated future cash flows. The aggregate fair value of SBA loan servicing rights approximates its carrying value. A valuation model employed by an independent third party calculates the present value of future cash flows and is used to estimate fair value at the date of sale and on a quarterly basis for impairment analysis purposes. Management periodically compares the valuation model inputs and results to published industry data in order to validate the model results and assumptions. Key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the SBA loan servicing rights include the discount rate and prepayment speed assumptions. For purposes of impairment, risk characteristics such as interest rate, loan type, term and investor type are used to stratify the SBA loan servicing rights. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance to the extent that fair value is less than the carrying amount. Changes in the valuation allowance are reported in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income. The unpaid principal balance of SBA loans serviced for others was $211.3 million, $209.6 million and $237.9 million at December 31, 2023, September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Contractually specified late fees and ancillary fees expensed on SBA loans were a credit of $9,000 for the three-month period ended December 31, 2023 compared to a debit of $21,000 for the three-month period ended December 31, 2022. Net servicing income (contractually specified servicing fees offset by direct servicing expenses) related to SBA loans was $464,000 and $553,000 for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Net servicing income and costs related to SBA loans are included in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income. An analysis of SBA loan servicing rights for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: 2023 2022 (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 2,950 $ 3,790 Servicing rights capitalized 257 198 Amortization (143) (195) Direct write-offs (217) (141) Change in valuation allowance 60 (351) Balance, end of period $ 2,907 $ 3,301 There was no valuation allowance related to SBA loan servicing rights at December 31, 2023. There was a valuation allowance of $60,000 related to SBA loan servicing rights at September 30, 2023. Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSRs”) The Company originates residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market and retains servicing for certain of these loans when they are sold. MSRs retained for originated loans that have been sold are accounted for at fair value. The fair value of MSRs are determined using the present value of estimated expected net servicing income using assumptions about expected mortgage loan prepayment rates, discount rate, servicing costs, and other economic factors, which are determined based on current market conditions. Changes in these underlying assumptions could cause the fair value of MSRs to change significantly in the future. Changes in fair value of MSRs are recorded in mortgage banking income in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. MSRs are subject to changes in value from, among other things, changes in interest rates, prepayments of the underlying loans and changes in the credit quality of the underlying loans. At September 30, 2023, the Company had entered into a letter of intent to sell substantially all of the Company’s residential MSRs, which closed on November 30, 2023. Additionally, the Company entered into a letter of intent to sell the remaining residential MSRs at December 31, 2023 in the quarter ending March 31, 2024. Due to the pending residential MSR sales, a valuation model was not used to calculate the fair value of residential MSRs September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2023. The fair value was estimated using known information, including the anticipated sale prices, estimated expenses, and contingencies related to the pending residential MSR sales, which represent Level 3 fair value inputs. Prior to September 30, 2023, a valuation model employed by an independent third party calculated the present value of future cash flows and was used to value the MSRs on a monthly basis. Management periodically compared the valuation model inputs and results to published industry data in order to validate the model results and assumptions. Range of Assumption (Weighted Average) Assumption September 30, 2023 Discount rate 9.44% to 14.50% (9.51%) Prepayment rate 5.00% to 85.82% (6.82%) The unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans serviced for others was $83.1 million and $4.77 billion at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively. The reason for the significant decline was the sale of substantially all of the Company’s residential MSRs during the three-month period ended December 31, 2023, which also resulted in a significant reduction in custodial escrow balances. Custodial escrow balances maintained in connection with the foregoing loan servicing and other liabilities were $608,000 and $47.9 million at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively. Contractually specified servicing fees (net of direct servicing expenses), late fees and other ancillary fees related to residential mortgage loans serviced for others were $1,000 and $2.4 million for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Contractually specified servicing fees are included in mortgage banking income in the consolidated statements of income. Changes in the carrying value of MSRs accounted for at fair value for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: 2023 2022 (In thousands) Fair value, beginning of period $ 59,768 $ 63,263 Servicing rights capitalized 509 142 Changes in fair value related to: Loan repayments (666) (1,023) Sales (58,765) — Change in valuation model inputs or assumptions (137) (217) Balance, end of period $ 709 $ 62,165 Nonresidential MSRs The Company also periodically sells single tenant net lease loans with servicing rights retained. Loan servicing rights on these nonresidential mortgage loans are initially recorded at fair value and are then amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. Impairment of nonresidential MSRs is assessed using the present value of estimated future cash flows. The aggregate fair value of nonresidential MSRs approximates its carrying value. A valuation model employed by management calculates the present value of future cash flows and is used to estimate fair value at the date of sale and on a quarterly basis for impairment analysis purposes. Management periodically compares the valuation model inputs and results to published industry data in order to validate the model results and assumptions. Key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the nonresidential MSRs include the discount rate and prepayment speed assumptions. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance to the extent that fair value is less than the carrying amount. Changes in the valuation allowance are reported in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income. The unpaid principal balance of nonresidential mortgage loans serviced for others was $40.3 million and $40.4 million at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively. Contractually specified servicing fees, late fees and other ancillary fees related to nonresidential mortgage loans serviced for others were $4,000 and $9,000 for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Contractually specified servicing fees on nonresidential mortgage loans serviced for others are included in other noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income. An analysis of nonresidential MSRs for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: 2023 2022

Deposits

Deposits	3 Months Ended
Deposits	Dec. 31, 2023
Deposits
Deposits	4. Deposits Deposits at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 consisted of the following: December 31, September 30, 2023 2023 (In thousands) Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 202,769 $ 242,237 NOW accounts 329,610 336,446 Money market accounts 312,521 323,739 Savings accounts 163,006 170,073 Retail time deposits 173,045 170,980 Brokered & reciprocal time deposits 502,895 438,319 Total $ 1,683,846 $ 1,681,794

Supplemental Disclosure for Net

Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share	3 Months Ended
Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share	Dec. 31, 2023
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE FOR EARNINGS PER SHARE
Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share	5. Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share Net income per share information is presented below for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands, except share and per share data) 2023 2022 Basic: Earnings: Net income attributable to First Savings Financial Group, Inc. available to common shareholders $ 920 $ 2,871 Shares: Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic 6,823,948 6,915,909 Net income per common share, basic $ 0.13 $ 0.42 Diluted: Earnings: Net income attributable to First Savings Financial Group, Inc. available to common shareholders $ 920 $ 2,871 Shares: Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic 6,823,948 6,915,909 Add: Dilutive effect of outstanding options 15,756 53,229 Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock — 2,917 Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted 6,839,704 6,972,055 Net income per common share, diluted $ 0.13 $ 0.41 Nonvested restricted stock shares are not considered as outstanding for purposes of computing weighted average common shares outstanding. Stock options for 341,572 and 275,889 shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, because their effect was antidilutive. There were no antidilutive restricted stock awards excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Fair Value Measurements and Dis

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments	6. Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820 , Fair Value Measurements, Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted market price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available. Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. The tables below present the balances of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Assets Measured – Recurring Basis: Securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 27,439 $ — $ — $ 27,439 Agency mortgage-backed — 25,438 — 25,438 Agency CMO — 12,878 — 12,878 Privately-issued CMO — 45 343 388 Privately-issued ABS — 322 79 401 SBA certificates — 11,181 30 11,211 Municipal bonds — 166,071 — 166,071 Other — 1,712 — 1,712 Total securities available for sale $ 27,439 $ 217,647 $ 452 $ 245,538 Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ — $ 4,056 $ — $ 4,056 Equity securities (included in other assets) $ 198 $ — $ — $ 198 Residential mortgage servicing rights $ — $ — $ 709 $ 709 Liabilities Measured – Recurring Basis: Assets Measured – Nonrecurring Basis: Collateral dependent loans: Residential real estate $ — $ — $ 523 $ 523 SBA commercial real estate — — 881 881 Commercial business — — 1,164 1,164 SBA commercial business — — 235 235 Total collateral dependent loans $ — $ — $ 2,803 $ 2,803 SBA loan servicing rights $ — $ — $ 2,907 $ 2,907 Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Assets Measured – Recurring Basis Securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury notes $ 25,949 $ — $ — $ 25,949 Agency mortgage-backed — 24,268 — 24,268 Agency CMO — 12,742 — 12,742 Privately-issued CMO — 46 350 396 Privately-issued ABS — 364 79 443 SBA certificates — 10,714 31 10,745 Municipal bonds — 151,484 — 151,484 Subordinated debt — 1,712 — 1,712 Total securities available for sale $ 25,949 $ 201,330 $ 460 $ 227,739 Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ — $ 24,692 $ — $ 24,692 Derivative assets (included in other assets) $ — $ 471 $ 452 $ 923 Equity securities (included in other assets) $ 160 $ — $ — $ 160 Residential mortgage servicing rights $ — $ — $ 59,768 $ 59,768 Liabilities Measured – Recurring Basis Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities) $ — $ 12 $ 184 $ 196 Assets Measured – Nonrecurring Basis Collateral dependent loans: Residential real estate $ — $ — $ 306 $ 306 Commercial business — — 965 965 SBA commercial business — — 237 237 Total collateral dependent loans $ — $ — $ 1,508 $ 1,508 SBA loan servicing rights $ — $ — $ 2,950 $ 2,950 Fair value is based upon quoted market prices where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on internally developed models or obtained from third parties that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters or a matrix pricing model that employs the Bond Market Association’s standard calculations for cash flow and price/yield analysis and observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value, or at the lower of cost or fair value. These adjustments may include unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments have been applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. There have been no changes in the valuation techniques and related inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis during the three-month period ended December 31, 2023. Debt Securities Available for Sale and Equity Securities. Residential Mortgage Loans Held for Sale Derivative Financial Instruments The fair value of interest rate lock commitments is also obtained from an independent third party and is based on investor prices for the underlying loans or current secondary market prices for loans with similar characteristics, less estimated costs to originate the loans and adjusted for the anticipated funding probability (pull-through rate). The fair value of interest rate lock commitments is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Due to the Company’s decision to wind down the national Mortgage Banking operation, and the resulting low level of mortgage loan originations and sales, there were no interest rate lock commitments or forward mortgage loan sale commitments as of December 31, 2023. The table below presents a reconciliation of derivative assets and liabilities (interest rate lock commitments) measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2022 Beginning balance $ 268 $ (238) Unrealized gains (losses) recognized in earnings, net of settlements (268) 600 Ending balance $ — $ 362 The realized and unrealized gains recognized in earnings in the table above are included in mortgage banking income on the accompanying consolidated statements of income. There were no unrealized gains recognized in earnings for the three-month period ended December 31, 2023 attributable to Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities held at the balance sheet date.Unrealized gains recognized in earnings for the three-month period ended December 31, 2022 attributable to Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities held at the balance sheet date were $362,000. There were no interest rate lock commitments as of December 31, 2023. The table below presents information about significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) used in the valuation of derivative financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30,2023. Range of Inputs Significant (Weighted Average) Unobservable September 30, Financial Instrument Inputs 2023 Interest rate lock commitments Pull-through rate 54% - 95% (81%) Direct costs to close 0.00% - 5.00% (0.62%) Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights . Collateral Dependent Loans Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets, including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable, and its fair value is generally determined based on real estate appraisals or other independent evaluations by qualified professionals. The appraisals are then discounted to reflect management’s estimate of the fair value of the collateral given the current market conditions and the condition of the collateral. At December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of collateral dependent loans were as follows: Range of Inputs Significant (Weighted Average) Range of Inputs (Weighted Unobservable December 31, Average) September 30, Financial Instrument Inputs 2023 2023 Collateral dependent loans Discount from appraised value 0.0% - 50.0% (13.80%) 10.0% - 50.0% (14.22%) Estimated costs to sell 0.0% - 6.0% (5.99%) 6.0% - 6.0% (6.00%) During the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized provisions for credit losses on impaired loans of $691,000 and $200,000, respectively. SBA and Nonresidential Loan Servicing Rights Significant Range of Inputs (Weighted Unobservable Average) September 30, Financial Instrument Inputs 2023 SBA loan servicing rights Discount rate 10.25% - 25.00% (13.79%) Prepayment speed 8.60% - 32.85% (16.91%) Impairment of the SBA loan servicing rights is recognized on a quarterly basis through a valuation allowance to the extent that fair value is less than the carrying amount. The Company reversed impairment charges of $60,000 on SBA loan servicing rights for the three-month period ended December 31, 2023. The Company recorded impairment charges of $351,000 on SBA loan servicing rights for the three-month period ended December 31, 2022. Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights represent the value associated with servicing single tenant net lease loans that have been sold. The fair value of nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights is determined by management on a quarterly basis using a discounted cash flow model, and is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. At December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges on nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights for the three -month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. There were no transfers into or out of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets of the fair value hierarchy for the three-month period ended December 31, 2023. Financial Instruments Recorded Using Fair Value Option. The Company has elected the fair value option for substantially all of its residential mortgage loans held for sale. These loans are intended for sale and the Company believes that the fair value is the best indicator of the resolution of these loans. Interest income is recorded based on the contractual terms of the loans and in accordance with the Company’s policy on loans held for investment. None of these loans were 90 days or more past due, nor were any on nonaccrual status, as of December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. The table below presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining principal balance for residential mortgage loans held for sale for which the fair value option had been elected as of December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. Aggregate Aggregate Principal Fair Value Balance December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2023 Difference Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 4,056 $ 4,988 $ (932) Aggregate Aggregate Principal Fair Value Balance September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 2023 2023 Difference Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 24,692 $ 24,382 $ 309 The table below presents gains and losses and interest included in earnings related to financial assets measured at fair value under the fair value option for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2022 Gains (losses) – included in mortgage banking income $ (1,029) $ 668 Interest income 293 428 $ (736) $ 1,096 GAAP requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments for interim reporting periods, whether or not recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows. Carrying Fair Value Measurements Using: Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Financial assets: Cash and due from banks $ 17,522 $ 17,522 $ — $ — Interest-bearing deposits with banks 15,844 15,844 — — Interest-bearing time deposits 490 — 490 — Securities available for sale 245,538 27,439 217,647 452 Securities held to maturity 1,263 — 34 1,252 Residential mortgage loans held for sale 4,056 — 4,056 — SBA loans held for sale 18,810 — — 20,593 Loans, net 1,841,953 — — 1,738,857 FRB and FHLB stock 24,987 N/A N/A N/A Accrued interest receivable 11,341 — 11,341 — Residential mortgage loan servicing rights 709 — — 709 Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights 95 — — 95 SBA loan servicing rights 2,907 — — 2,907 Equity securities (included in other assets) 198 198 — — Financial liabilities: Noninterest-bearing deposits 202,769 202,769 — — Interest-bearing deposits 1,481,077 — — 1,477,923 Borrowings from FHLB 356,699 — 352,575 — Subordinated notes 48,484 — 47,704 — Accrued interest payable 10,405 — 10,405 — Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance 512 — 512 — Carrying Fair Value Measurements Using: Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Financial assets: Cash and due from banks $ 18,014 $ 18,014 $ — $ — Interest-bearing deposits with banks 12,831 12,831 — — Interest-bearing time deposits 490 — 490 — Securities available for sale 227,739 25,949 201,330 460 Securities held to maturity 1,300 — 38 1,265 Residential mortgage loans held for sale 24,692 — 24,692 — SBA loans held for sale 21,163 — 22,591 — Loans, net 1,770,243 — — 1,651,115 FRB and FHLB stock 24,939 N/A N/A N/A Accrued interest receivable 10,161 — 10,161 — SBA loan servicing rights 2,950 — — 2,950 Residential mortgage loan servicing rights 59,768 — — 59,768 Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights 101 — — 101 Derivative assets (included in other assets) 923 — 471 452 Equity securities (included in other assets) 160 160 — — Financial liabilities: Noninterest-bearing deposits 242,237 242,237 — — Interest-bearing deposits 1,439,557 — — 1,435,083 Borrowings from FHLB 363,183 — 356,257 — Subordinated note 48,444 — 46,940 — Accrued interest payable 8,926 — 8,926 — Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance 1,027 — 1,027 — Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities) 196 — 12 184

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Employee Stock Ownership Plan	3 Months Ended
Employee Stock Ownership Plan	Dec. 31, 2023
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
Employee Stock Ownership Plan	7. Employee Stock Ownership Plan On October 6, 2008, the Company established a leveraged employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) covering substantially all employees. The ESOP trust acquired 203,363 shares of Company common stock at a cost of $10.00 per share financed by a term loan with the Company. The ESOP loan was repaid in full during the quarter ended December 31, 2015 and all shares have been allocated to participants in the plan; therefore, no compensation expense was recognized for the three- month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The ESOP trust held 293,695 shares of Company common stock at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023.

Stock Based Compensation Plans

Stock Based Compensation Plans	3 Months Ended
Stock Based Compensation Plans	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Stock Based Compensation Plans	8. Stock Based Compensation Plans The Company maintains three equity incentive plans under which stock options and restricted stock have been or may be granted, the 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (“2010 Plan”), approved by the Company’s shareholders in February 2010, the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (“2016 Plan”), approved by the Company’s shareholders in February 2016, and the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”) approved by the Company’s shareholders in February 2021. At December 31, 2023, there were no remaining shares of the Company’s common stock available for issuance under the 2010 Plan. The aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for issuance under the 2016 Plan may not exceed 264,000 shares, consisting of 198,000 stock options and 66,000 shares of restricted stock. The aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for issuance under the 2021 Plan may not exceed 356,058 shares, consisting of 267,043 stock options and 89,015 shares of restricted stock. At December 31, 2023, 4,560 shares of the Company’s common stock were available for issuance under the 2016 Plan, of which 1,500 shares were available for restricted stock and 3,060 shares were available for stock options. At December 31, 2023, 10,600 shares of the Company’s common stock were available for issuance under the 2021 Plan, of which 4,590 shares were available for restricted stock and 6,010 shares were available for stock options. In November 2023, the Company granted 62,983 stock options and 19,475 restricted shares to directors, officers and key employees which will vest over a one-year or five-year period. The Company generally issues new shares under the 2016 and 2021 Plans from its authorized but unissued shares. The Company accounts for any forfeitures as they occur, and any previously recognized compensation cost for an award is reversed in the period the award is forfeited. Stock Options Under the plans, the Company may grant both non-statutory and incentive stock options that may not have a term exceeding ten years. In the case of incentive stock options, the aggregate fair value (determined at the time the incentive stock options are granted) which are first exercisable during any calendar year shall not exceed $100,000. Exercise prices may not be less than the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of the grant. The terms of the plans also include provisions whereby all unearned options and restricted shares become immediately exercisable and fully vested upon a change in control. Stock options granted generally vest ratably over five years and are exercisable in whole or in part for a period up to ten years from the date of the grant. Compensation expense is measured based on the fair market value of the options at the grant date and is recognized ratably over the period during which the shares are earned (the vesting period). The fair market value of stock options granted is estimated at the date of grant using a binomial option pricing model. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that options are expected to be outstanding. The risk free rate for the expected life of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the grant date. The fair value of options granted during the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 were determined using the following assumptions: Expected dividend yield 3.74 % Risk-free interest rate 4.44 % Expected volatility 28.36 % Expected life of options 6.9 years Weighted average fair value at grant date $ 3.55 A summary of stock option activity as of December 31, 2023, and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below. Weighted Average Remaining Weighted Contractual Aggregate Number of Average Term Intrinsic Shares Exercise Price (Years) Value (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Outstanding at beginning of period 408,669 $ 20.79 Granted 62,983 15.10 Exercised — — Forfeited or expired (5,100) 17.66 Outstanding at end of period 466,552 $ 20.05 5.2 $ 430 Vested and expected to vest 466,552 $ 20.05 5.2 $ 430 Exercisable at end of period 276,039 $ 19.38 5.1 $ 430 There were no stock options exercised during the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company recognized compensation expense related to stock options of $75,000 and $82,000 for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. At December 31, 2023, there was $1.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.73 years. There was no cash received or tax benefit from the exercise of stock options during the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Restricted Stock The vesting period of restricted stock granted under the plans is generally five years beginning one year after the date of grant of the awards. Compensation expense is measured based on the fair market value of the restricted stock at the grant date and is recognized ratably over the vesting period. Compensation expense related to restricted stock recognized for the three- month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $97,000 and $103,000, respectively. A summary of the Company’s nonvested restricted shares activity as of December 31, 2023 and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below. Weighted Number Average of Grant Date Shares Fair Value Nonvested at October 1, 2023 54,916 $ 24.73 Granted 19,475 $ 15.10 Vested (16,158) $ 24.23 Forfeited (800) $ 22.49 Nonvested at December 31, 2023 57,433 $ 21.64 There were 16,158 restricted shares vested during the three-month period ended December 31, 2023 with a total fair value of $244,000. There were 16,408 restricted shares that vested during the three-month period ended December 31, 2022 with a total fair value of $369,000. At December 31, 2023, there was $1.2 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested restricted shares. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.60 years.

Derivative Financial Instrument

Derivative Financial Instruments	3 Months Ended
Derivative Financial Instruments	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative Financial Instruments	9. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company enters into commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding (i.e., rate lock commitment). The Company also enters into forward mortgage loan commitments to sell loans to various investors to protect itself against exposure to various factors and to reduce sensitivity to interest rate movements. Both the interest rate lock commitments and the related forward mortgage loan sales contracts are considered derivatives and are recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging Certain financial instruments, including derivatives, may be eligible for offset in the balance sheet when the “right of setoff” exists or when the instruments are subject to an enforceable master netting agreement, which includes the right of the non-defaulting party or non-affected party to offset recognized amounts, including collateral posted with the counterparty, to determine a net receivable or net payable upon early termination of the agreement. Certain of the Company’s derivative instruments are subject to master netting agreements. However, the Company has not elected to offset such financial instruments in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company may be required to post margin collateral to derivative counterparties based on agreements with the dealers. At December 31, 2023 , the Company had no cash collateral posted with derivative counterparties against its derivative obligations. At September 30, 2023, the Company had cash collateral posted with certain derivative counterparties of $1.5 million, against its derivative obligations. Cash collateral related to derivative contracts is recorded in interest-bearing deposits with banks or other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had no derivative financial instruments due to the wind down of the national mortgage banking operation. The tables below provide information on the Company’s derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2023. Notional Asset Liability Amount Derivatives Derivatives September 30, September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 2023 2023 2023 Interest rate lock commitments $ 67,040 $ 452 $ 184 Forward mortgage loan sale contracts 66,000 471 12 $ 133,040 $ 923 $ 196 Income (loss) related to derivative financial instruments included in mortgage banking income in the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2022 Interest rate lock commitments $ (268) $ 599 Forward mortgage loan sale contracts 354 (545) $ 86 $ 54

Regulatory Capital

Regulatory Capital	3 Months Ended
Regulatory Capital	Dec. 31, 2023
Regulatory Capital
Regulatory Capital	10. Regulatory Capital The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total, Tier 1 and common equity Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and Tier 1 capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined). The final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. banks (“Basel III rules”) became effective for the Bank on January 1, 2015, with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule through 2019. Under the Basel III rules, the Bank must hold a conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized risk-based capital ratios disclosed in the table below. The capital conservation buffer was 2.50% for 2023 and 2022. The Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject as of December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the most recent notification from the Federal Reserve Bank categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, common equity Tier 1 risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the table below. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category. The Company’s and Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are also presented in the table. The Company is not subject to the Federal Reserve Bank’s consolidated capital requirements because it has less than $3 billion in total consolidated assets. However, management has elected to disclose the Company’s capital amounts and ratios in addition to the Bank’s required disclosures in the table below. No amount was deducted from capital for interest-rate risk at either date. Minimum To Be Well Minimum Capitalized Under For Capital Prompt Corrective Actual Adequacy Purposes: Action Provisions: Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio (Dollars in thousands) As of December 31, 2023: Total capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 231,709 12.12 % $ 153,002 8.00 % N/A N/A Bank 228,941 11.97 152,983 8.00 $ 191,229 10.00 % Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 169,080 8.84 % $ 114,752 6.00 % N/A N/A Bank 210,796 11.02 114,737 6.00 $ 152,983 8.00 % Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 169,080 8.84 % $ 86,064 4.50 % N/A N/A Bank 210,796 11.02 86,053 4.50 $ 124,299 6.50 % Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets): Consolidated $ 169,080 7.25 % $ 93,254 4.00 % N/A N/A Bank 210,796 9.05 93,219 4.00 $ 116,523 5.00 % As of September 30, 2023: Total capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 230,735 11.47 % $ 160,965 8.00 % N/A N/A Bank 226,461 11.27 160,822 8.00 $ 201,027 10.00 % Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 165,391 8.22 % $ 120,724 6.00 % N/A N/A Bank 209,561 10.42 120,616 6.00 $ 160,822 8.00 % Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 165,391 8.22 % $ 90,543 4.50 % N/A N/A Bank 209,561 10.42 90,462 4.50 $ 130,668 6.50 % Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets): Consolidated $ 165,391 7.24 % $ 91,375 4.00 % N/A N/A Bank 209,561 9.17 91,406 4.00 $ 114,259 5.00 %

Recent Accounting Pronouncement

Recent Accounting Pronouncements	3 Months Ended
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Dec. 31, 2023
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	11. Recent Accounting Pronouncements The following are summaries of recently issued or adopted accounting pronouncements that impact the accounting and reporting practices of the Company: On October 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments The impact of adopting ASC 326 was as follows: As Reported under Impact of ASC 326 Pre-ASC 326 ASC 326 Adoption Assets Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) on loans Residential real estate 5,678 4,641 1,037 Commercial real estate 2,032 1,777 255 Single tenant net lease 4,032 3,810 222 SBA commercial real estate 2,433 1,922 511 Multifamily 247 268 (21) Residential construction 208 434 (226) Commercial construction 325 282 43 Land and land development 233 307 (74) Commercial business 1,219 1,714 (495) SBA commercial business 1,407 1,247 160 Consumer 515 498 17 Allowance for credit losses on loans 18,329 16,900 1,429 Net deferred tax assets 19,817 18,859 859 Liabilities Allowance for credit losses on off balance sheet credit exposures 1,940 — 1,940 In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02 – Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for any entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13 – Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses on an interim and annual basis. Public entities are required to disclose significant expense categories and amounts for each reportable segment. Significant expense categories are derived from expenses that are regularly reported to an entity’s chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”), and included in a segment’s reported measures of profit or loss. Public entities are also required to disclose the title and position of the CODM and explain how the CODM uses the reported measures of profit or loss to assess segment performance. The ASU requires interim disclosures of certain segment-related disclosures that previously were only required annually. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and the ASU should be applied prospectively. The adoption of the ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. The Company has determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or do not apply to its operations.

Revenue from Contracts with Cus

Revenue from Contracts with Customers	3 Months Ended
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	13. Revenue from Contracts with Customers Substantially all of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of FASB ASC 606 is included in the core banking segment and is recognized within noninterest income. The following table presents the Company’s sources of noninterest income for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: Three Months Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (In thousands) In Scope for ASC 606 Service charges on deposit accounts $ 473 $ 558 ATM and interchange fees 449 739 Commission income 222 128 Other 25 25 Revenue from contracts with customers 1,169 1,450 Out of Scope for ASC 606 Gain on sale of SBA loans 834 775 Mortgage banking income 89 2,496 Increase in cash value of life insurance 329 225 Real estate lease income 115 117 Loan servicing and other income 246 125 Other noninterest income 1,613 3,738 Total noninterest income $ 2,782 $ 5,188 A description of the Company’s revenue streams accounted for under ASC 606 follows: Service Charges on Deposit Accounts ATM and Interchange Fees Commission Income Other Income

Mortgage Banking Income

Mortgage Banking Income	3 Months Ended
Mortgage Banking Income	Dec. 31, 2023
Mortgage Banking Income
Mortgage Banking Income	14. Mortgage Banking Income The components of mortgage banking income for the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: Three Months Ended December 31, (In Thousands) 2023 2022 Origination and sale of mortgage loans (1) $ (211) $ 732 Mortgage brokerage income 30 43 Net change in fair value of loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments (1,297) 1,267 Realized and unrealized gains (losses) from Forward sales commitments 354 (545) Capitalized residential mortgage loan servicing rights 509 142 Net change in fair value of residential mortgage loan servicing rights (803) (1,240) Provisions for loan repurchases and indemnifications 1,451 (328) Net loan servicing income 56 2,425 Total mortgage banking income $ 89 $ 2,496 (1) Includes origination fees and realized gains and losses on the sale of mortgage loans in the secondary market.

Investment Securities (Tables)

Investment Securities (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Investment Securities (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Investment Securities
Schedule of amortized cost of securities available for sale and held to maturity	Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gain Losses Value (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Debt securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury notes $ 30,632 $ — $ 3,193 $ 27,439 Agency mortgage-backed 28,090 2 2,654 25,438 Agency CMO 13,877 — 999 12,878 Privately-issued CMO 412 2 26 388 Privately-issued ABS 388 14 1 401 SBA certificates 11,537 — 326 11,211 Municipal bonds 175,841 1,021 10,791 166,071 Other 2,000 — 288 1,712 Total debt securities available for sale $ 262,777 $ 1,039 $ 18,278 $ 245,538 Debt securities held to maturity: Agency mortgage-backed $ 34 $ — $ — $ 34 Municipal bonds 1,229 23 — 1,252 Total debt securities held to maturity $ 1,263 $ 23 $ — $ 1,286 Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gain Losses Value (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Debt securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury notes $ 30,598 $ — $ 4,649 $ 25,949 Agency mortgage-backed 28,542 — 4,274 24,268 Agency CMO 14,064 — 1,322 12,742 Privately-issued CMO 424 2 30 396 Privately-issued ABS 433 13 3 443 SBA certificates 11,587 — 842 10,745 Municipal bonds 177,561 19 26,096 151,484 Subordinated debt 2,000 — 288 1,712 Total debt securities available for sale $ 265,209 $ 34 $ 37,504 $ 227,739 Debt securities held to maturity: Agency mortgage-backed $ 36 $ — $ 1 $ 35 Municipal bonds 1,264 4 — 1,268 Total debt securities held to maturity $ 1,300 $ 4 $ 1 $ 1,303
Schedule of amortized cost and fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity	The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of December 31, 2023 by contractual maturity are shown below. CMO, ABS, SBA certificates, and mortgage-backed securities which do not have a single maturity date are shown separately. Available for Sale Held to Maturity Amortized Fair Amortized Fair Cost Value Cost Value (In thousands) Due within one year $ 2,594 $ 2,570 $ 253 $ 256 Due after one year through five years 8,663 8,649 632 644 Due after five years through ten years 45,354 41,504 344 352 Due after ten years 151,862 142,499 — — CMO 14,289 13,266 — — ABS 388 401 — — SBA certificates 11,537 11,211 — — Mortgage-backed securities 28,090 25,438 34 34 $ 262,777 $ 245,538 $ 1,263 $ 1,286
Schedule of investment securities with gross unrealized losses	Number of Gross Investment Fair Unrealized Positions Value Losses (Dollars in thousands) December 31,2023: Debt securities available for sale: Continuous loss position less than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 5 $ 1,599 $ 32 Municipal bonds 4 3,703 38 Other 1 1,712 288 Total less than twelve months 10 7,014 358 Continuous loss position more than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 1 25,840 3,161 Agency mortgage-backed 14 25,000 2,654 Agency CMO 15 12,878 999 Privately-issued CMO 1 343 26 Privately-issued ABS 1 179 1 SBA certificates 3 11,211 326 Municipal bonds 115 108,017 10,753 Total more than twelve months 150 183,468 17,920 Total debt securities available for sale 160 $ 190,482 $ 18,278 September 30, 2023: Debt securities available for sale: Continuous loss position less than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 5 $ 1,576 $ 49 Agency mortgage-backed 2 163 8 Agency CMO 1 4,249 462 SBA certificates 1 31 3 Municipal bonds 43 45,931 3,334 Other 1 1,712 288 Total less than twelve months 53 53,662 4,144 Continuous loss position more than twelve months: U.S. Treasury notes 1 24,373 4,600 Agency mortgage-backed 15 23,859 4,266 Agency CMO 14 8,493 860 Privately-issued CMO 2 375 30 Privately-issued ABS 1 212 3 SBA certificates 2 10,714 839 Municipal bonds 115 95,185 22,762 Total more than twelve months 150 163,211 33,360 Total debt securities available for sale 203 $ 216,873 $ 37,504 Debt securities held to maturity: Continuous loss position more than twelve months: Agency mortgage-backed 1 $ 19 $ 1 Total more than twelve months 1 19 1 Total debt securities held to maturity 1 $ 19 $ 1

Loans and Allowance for Credi_2

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Schedule of loans	December 31, September 30, 2023 2023 (In thousands) Real estate mortgage: Residential $ 568,180 $ 528,410 Commercial 187,654 187,232 Single tenant net lease 766,351 757,388 SBA commercial (1) 48,106 47,078 Multifamily 39,273 34,892 Residential construction 32,979 24,924 Commercial construction 18,397 14,588 Land and land development 15,800 17,234 Commercial business 127,259 117,594 SBA commercial business (1) 16,852 16,939 Consumer 38,978 39,915 Total loans 1,859,829 1,786,194 Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net 913 949 Allowance for credit losses (18,789) (16,900) Loans, net $ 1,841,953 $ 1,770,243 (1) Includes discounts on SBA loans of $3.3 million for December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023.
Schedule of components of loans	The following table provides the components of loans as of September 30, 2023, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 ( in thousands Individually Collectively Evaluated for Evaluated for Loans as Evaluated for Impairment: Impairment Impairment Loans Residential real estate $ 3,312 $ 525,098 $ 528,410 Commercial real estate 868 186,364 187,232 Single tenant net lease — 757,388 757,388 SBA commercial real estate 7,415 39,663 47,078 Multifamily 318 34,574 34,892 Residential construction — 24,924 24,924 Commercial construction — 14,588 14,588 Land and land development — 17,234 17,234 Commercial business 1,946 115,648 117,594 SBA commercial business 1,122 15,817 16,939 Consumer 233 39,682 39,915 $ 15,214 $ 1,770,980 $ 1,786,194
Schedule of allowance for loan losses	Individually Collectively Evaluated for Evaluated for Ending Impairment Impairment Balance (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Residential real estate $ 74 $ 4,567 $ 4,641 Commercial real estate 2 1,775 1,777 Single tenant net lease — 3,810 3,810 SBA commercial real estate — 1,922 1,922 Multifamily — 268 268 Residential construction — 434 434 Commercial construction — 282 282 Land and land development — 307 307 Commercial business 111 1,603 1,714 SBA commercial business 187 1,060 1,247 Consumer 189 309 498 $ 563 $ 16,337 $ 16,900 Beginning Balance Adoption of ASC 326 Provisions (Credits) Charge-Offs Recoveries Ending Balance (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Residential real estate $ 4,641 $ 1,037 $ 9 $ — $ 1 $ 5,688 Commercial real estate 1,777 255 (235) — — 1,797 Single tenant net lease 3,810 222 48 — — 4,080 SBA commercial real estate 1,922 511 379 (2) 61 2,871 Multifamily 268 (21) 74 — — 321 Residential construction 434 (226) 96 — — 304 Commercial construction 282 43 59 — — 384 Land and land development 307 (74) (36) — — 197 Commercial business 1,714 (495) 3 — — 1,222 SBA commercial business 1,247 160 72 (3) 23 1,499 Consumer 498 17 — (108) 19 426 $ 16,900 $ 1,429 $ 469 $ (113) $ 104 $ 18,789 December 31, 2022: Residential real estate $ 2,716 $ — $ 382 $ — $ 2 $ 3,100 Commercial real estate 1,590 — 161 — — 1,751 Single tenant net lease 3,838 — (34) — — 3,804 SBA commercial real estate 2,578 — (106) (74) — 2,398 Multifamily 251 — 1 — — 252 Residential construction 305 — 62 — — 367 Commercial construction 107 — (24) — — 83 Land and land development 212 — (12) — — 200 Commercial business 1,193 — 32 — 30 1,255 SBA commercial business 2,122 — 390 (190) 16 2,338 Consumer 448 — 132 (65) 17 532 $ 15,360 $ — $ 984 $ (329) $ 65 $ 16,080
Schedule of the average balance of impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment	Average Interest Recorded Income Balance Recognized (In thousands) Loans with no related ACL recorded: Residential real estate $ 2,891 $ 15 Commercial real estate 971 7 Single tenant net lease — — SBA commercial real estate 7,033 — Multifamily 393 5 Residential construction — — Commercial construction — — Land and land development — — Commercial business 1,068 12 SBA commercial business 757 — Consumer 77 — $ 13,190 $ 39 Loans with an ACL recorded: Residential real estate $ — $ — Commercial real estate — — Single tenant net lease — — SBA commercial real estate 1,665 — Multifamily — — Residential construction — — Commercial construction — — Land and land development — — Commercial business 67 — SBA commercial business 1,267 — Consumer 184 — $ 3,183 $ — Total: Residential real estate $ 2,891 $ 15 Commercial real estate 971 7 Single tenant net lease — — SBA commercial real estate 8,698 — Multifamily 393 5 Residential construction — — Commercial construction — — Land and land development — — Commercial business 1,135 12 SBA commercial business 2,024 — Consumer 261 — $ 16,373 $ 39 Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Balance Balance Allowance (In thousands) Loans with no related allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 1,989 $ 2,139 $ — Commercial real estate 551 627 — Single tenant net lease — — — SBA commercial real estate 7,415 9,397 — Multifamily 318 362 — Residential construction — — — Commercial construction — — — Land and land development — — — Commercial business 870 972 — SBA commercial business 684 1,799 — Consumer 44 58 — $ 11,871 $ 15,354 $ — Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential real estate $ 1,323 $ 1,328 $ 74 Commercial real estate 317 317 2 Single tenant net lease — — — SBA commercial real estate — — — Multifamily — — — Residential construction — — — Commercial construction — — — Land and land development — — — Commercial business 1,076 1,165 111 SBA commercial business 438 637 187 Consumer 189 189 189 $ 3,343 $ 3,636 $ 563 Total: Residential real estate $ 3,312 $ 3,467 $ 74 Commercial real estate 868 945 2 Single tenant net lease — — — SBA commercial real estate 7,415 9,397 — Multifamily 318 362 — Residential construction — — — Commercial construction — — — Land and land development — — — Commercial business 1,946 2,137 111 SBA commercial business 1,122 2,436 187 Consumer 233 247 189 $ 15,214 $ 18,990 $ 563
Schedule of amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by collateral types		December 31, 2023 Real Estate Other Total Residential real estate $ 2,519 $ — $ 2,519 Commercial real estate 504 — 504 SBA commercial real estate 8,248 — 8,248 Multifamily 304 — 304 Commercial business — 1,770 1,770 SBA commercial business — 2,015 2,015 Consumer — 148 148 $ 11,575 $ 3,933 $ 15,508
Schedule of aging of recorded investment in past due loans	The following table presents the aging of past due loans at December 31, 2023: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,649 $ 228 $ 1,932 $ 4,809 $ 563,371 $ 568,180 Commercial real estate 448 504 — 952 186,702 187,654 Single tenant net lease — — — — 766,351 766,351 SBA commercial real estate 470 328 3,908 4,706 43,400 48,106 Multifamily — — — — 39,273 39,273 Residential construction — — — — 32,979 32,979 Commercial construction — — — — 18,397 18,397 Land and land development — — — — 15,800 15,800 Commercial business 184 122 51 357 126,902 127,259 SBA commercial business — 25 772 797 16,055 16,852 Consumer 292 — 7 299 38,679 38,978 Total $ 4,043 $ 1,207 $ 6,670 $ 11,920 $ 1,847,909 $ 1,859,829 The following table presents the aging of past due loans at September 30, 2023: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+ Days Total Total Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Loans (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 2,715 $ 132 $ 1,818 $ 4,665 $ 523,745 $ 528,410 Commercial real estate 23 62 — 85 187,147 187,232 Single tenant net lease — — — — 757,388 757,388 SBA commercial real estate 764 — 3,877 4,641 42,437 47,078 Multifamily — — — — 34,892 34,892 Residential construction — — — — 24,924 24,924 Commercial construction — — — — 14,588 14,588 Land and land development 40 — — 40 17,194 17,234 Commercial business 112 — 86 198 117,396 117,594 SBA commercial business 130 — 682 812 16,127 16,939 Consumer 137 5 36 178 39,737 39,915 Total $ 3,921 $ 199 $ 6,499 $ 10,619 $ 1,775,575 $ 1,786,194
Schedule of investment in loans by risk category	Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End September 30 Revolving Loans Revolving Converted (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans To Term Total Multifamily real estate Pass 5,000 2,577 7,345 5,584 11,302 7,161 — — 38,969 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — 304 — 304 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total multifamily real estate 5,000 2,577 7,345 5,584 11,302 7,465 — — 39,273 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Residential construction Pass 1,107 14,361 17,511 — — — — — 32,979 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total residential construction 1,107 14,361 17,511 — — — — — 32,979 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Commercial construction Pass — 14,187 4,210 — — — — — 18,397 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total commercial construction — 14,187 4,210 — — — — — 18,397 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Land and land development Pass 347 7,255 5,439 1,121 411 1,227 — — 15,800 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total land and land development 347 7,255 5,439 1,121 411 1,227 — — 15,800 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End September 30 Revolving Loans Revolving Converted (In thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Loans To Term Total Commercial business Pass 11,109 59,498 30,835 13,255 4,140 6,652 — — 125,489 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 1,017 195 46 4 508 — — 1,770 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total commercial business 11,109 60,515 31,030 13,301 4,144 7,160 — — 127,259 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — SBA commercial business Pass 1,289 2,327 765 1,258 4,796 3,808 375 — 14,618 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — 60 54 2,109 — — 2,223 Doubtful — — — — — 9 — — 9 Loss — — — — — 2 — — 2 Total SBA commercial business 1,289 2,327 765 1,318 4,850 5,928 375 — 16,852 YTD gross charge-offs — — — — — 3 — — 3 Consumer Pass 1,374 5,400 4,352 673 396 273 26,498 — 38,966 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 2 2 — — — 8 — 12 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — — Total consumer 1,374 5,402 4,354 673 396 273 26,506 — 38,978 YTD gross charge-offs — — — 1 — 107 — — 108 Total loans Pass 55,494 332,152 495,949 156,494 157,772 277,511 368,817 — 1,844,189 Special mention — — 277 — — — — — 277 Substandard — 1,693 1,029 641 478 9,545 314 — 13,646 Doubtful — — — — — 1,654 — — 1,654 Loss — — — — — 63 — — 63 Total loans 55,494 333,791 497,255 157,135 158,250 288,773 369,131 — 1,859,829 YTD gross charge-offs — — — 1 — 112 — — 113 Special September 30, 2023: Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Total (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 525,735 $ — $ 2,653 $ 22 $ — $ 528,410 Commercial real estate 186,520 — 712 — — 187,232 Single tenant net lease 757,388 — — — — 757,388 SBA commercial real estate 39,092 278 6,083 1,625 — 47,078 Multifamily 34,574 — 318 — — 34,892 Residential construction 24,924 — — — — 24,924 Commercial construction 14,588 — — — — 14,588 Land and land development 17,234 — — — — 17,234 Commercial business 115,647 40 1,907 — — 117,594 SBA commercial business 14,572 — 2,327 40 — 16,939 Consumer 39,871 — 44 — — 39,915 Total $ 1,770,145 $ 318 $ 14,044 $ 1,687 $ — $ 1,786,194
SBA loan servicing rights
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Schedule of loan servicing rights	2023 2022 (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 2,950 $ 3,790 Servicing rights capitalized 257 198 Amortization (143) (195) Direct write-offs (217) (141) Change in valuation allowance 60 (351) Balance, end of period $ 2,907 $ 3,301
Mortgage servicing rights
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Schedule of loan servicing rights	2023 2022 (In thousands) Fair value, beginning of period $ 59,768 $ 63,263 Servicing rights capitalized 509 142 Changes in fair value related to: Loan repayments (666) (1,023) Sales (58,765) — Change in valuation model inputs or assumptions (137) (217) Balance, end of period $ 709 $ 62,165
Schedule of key assumptions used to estimate the fair value	Range of Assumption (Weighted Average) Assumption September 30, 2023 Discount rate 9.44% to 14.50% (9.51%) Prepayment rate 5.00% to 85.82% (6.82%)
Nonresidential MSR
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Schedule of loan servicing rights	2023 2022 (In thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 101 $ 141 Servicing rights capitalized — — Amortization (6) (9) Direct write-offs — — Change in valuation allowance — — Balance, end of period $ 95 $ 132

Deposits (Tables)

Deposits (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Deposits (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Deposits
Schedule of deposits	December 31, September 30, 2023 2023 (In thousands) Noninterest-bearing demand deposits $ 202,769 $ 242,237 NOW accounts 329,610 336,446 Money market accounts 312,521 323,739 Savings accounts 163,006 170,073 Retail time deposits 173,045 170,980 Brokered & reciprocal time deposits 502,895 438,319 Total $ 1,683,846 $ 1,681,794

Supplemental Disclosure for N_2

Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE FOR EARNINGS PER SHARE
Schedule of earnings per share information	Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands, except share and per share data) 2023 2022 Basic: Earnings: Net income attributable to First Savings Financial Group, Inc. available to common shareholders $ 920 $ 2,871 Shares: Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic 6,823,948 6,915,909 Net income per common share, basic $ 0.13 $ 0.42 Diluted: Earnings: Net income attributable to First Savings Financial Group, Inc. available to common shareholders $ 920 $ 2,871 Shares: Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic 6,823,948 6,915,909 Add: Dilutive effect of outstanding options 15,756 53,229 Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock — 2,917 Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted 6,839,704 6,972,055 Net income per common share, diluted $ 0.13 $ 0.41

Fair Value Measurements and D_2

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Schedule of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis	Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Assets Measured – Recurring Basis: Securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 27,439 $ — $ — $ 27,439 Agency mortgage-backed — 25,438 — 25,438 Agency CMO — 12,878 — 12,878 Privately-issued CMO — 45 343 388 Privately-issued ABS — 322 79 401 SBA certificates — 11,181 30 11,211 Municipal bonds — 166,071 — 166,071 Other — 1,712 — 1,712 Total securities available for sale $ 27,439 $ 217,647 $ 452 $ 245,538 Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ — $ 4,056 $ — $ 4,056 Equity securities (included in other assets) $ 198 $ — $ — $ 198 Residential mortgage servicing rights $ — $ — $ 709 $ 709 Liabilities Measured – Recurring Basis: Assets Measured – Nonrecurring Basis: Collateral dependent loans: Residential real estate $ — $ — $ 523 $ 523 SBA commercial real estate — — 881 881 Commercial business — — 1,164 1,164 SBA commercial business — — 235 235 Total collateral dependent loans $ — $ — $ 2,803 $ 2,803 SBA loan servicing rights $ — $ — $ 2,907 $ 2,907 Carrying Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Assets Measured – Recurring Basis Securities available for sale: U.S. Treasury notes $ 25,949 $ — $ — $ 25,949 Agency mortgage-backed — 24,268 — 24,268 Agency CMO — 12,742 — 12,742 Privately-issued CMO — 46 350 396 Privately-issued ABS — 364 79 443 SBA certificates — 10,714 31 10,745 Municipal bonds — 151,484 — 151,484 Subordinated debt — 1,712 — 1,712 Total securities available for sale $ 25,949 $ 201,330 $ 460 $ 227,739 Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ — $ 24,692 $ — $ 24,692 Derivative assets (included in other assets) $ — $ 471 $ 452 $ 923 Equity securities (included in other assets) $ 160 $ — $ — $ 160 Residential mortgage servicing rights $ — $ — $ 59,768 $ 59,768 Liabilities Measured – Recurring Basis Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities) $ — $ 12 $ 184 $ 196 Assets Measured – Nonrecurring Basis Collateral dependent loans: Residential real estate $ — $ — $ 306 $ 306 Commercial business — — 965 965 SBA commercial business — — 237 237 Total collateral dependent loans $ — $ — $ 1,508 $ 1,508 SBA loan servicing rights $ — $ — $ 2,950 $ 2,950
Schedule of reconciliation of derivative assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)	Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2022 Beginning balance $ 268 $ (238) Unrealized gains (losses) recognized in earnings, net of settlements (268) 600 Ending balance $ — $ 362
Schedule of significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) used in the valuation of derivative financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis	Range of Inputs Significant (Weighted Average) Unobservable September 30, Financial Instrument Inputs 2023 Interest rate lock commitments Pull-through rate 54% - 95% (81%) Direct costs to close 0.00% - 5.00% (0.62%)
Schedule of aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining principal balance for residential mortgage loans held for sale	Aggregate Aggregate Principal Fair Value Balance December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2023 Difference Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 4,056 $ 4,988 $ (932) Aggregate Aggregate Principal Fair Value Balance September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 2023 2023 Difference Residential mortgage loans held for sale $ 24,692 $ 24,382 $ 309
Schedule of gains and losses and interest included in earnings related to financial assets measured at fair value under the fair value option	Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2022 Gains (losses) – included in mortgage banking income $ (1,029) $ 668 Interest income 293 428 $ (736) $ 1,096
Schedule of carrying value and estimated fair value of financial instruments and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall	Carrying Fair Value Measurements Using: Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) December 31, 2023: Financial assets: Cash and due from banks $ 17,522 $ 17,522 $ — $ — Interest-bearing deposits with banks 15,844 15,844 — — Interest-bearing time deposits 490 — 490 — Securities available for sale 245,538 27,439 217,647 452 Securities held to maturity 1,263 — 34 1,252 Residential mortgage loans held for sale 4,056 — 4,056 — SBA loans held for sale 18,810 — — 20,593 Loans, net 1,841,953 — — 1,738,857 FRB and FHLB stock 24,987 N/A N/A N/A Accrued interest receivable 11,341 — 11,341 — Residential mortgage loan servicing rights 709 — — 709 Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights 95 — — 95 SBA loan servicing rights 2,907 — — 2,907 Equity securities (included in other assets) 198 198 — — Financial liabilities: Noninterest-bearing deposits 202,769 202,769 — — Interest-bearing deposits 1,481,077 — — 1,477,923 Borrowings from FHLB 356,699 — 352,575 — Subordinated notes 48,484 — 47,704 — Accrued interest payable 10,405 — 10,405 — Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance 512 — 512 — Carrying Fair Value Measurements Using: Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) September 30, 2023: Financial assets: Cash and due from banks $ 18,014 $ 18,014 $ — $ — Interest-bearing deposits with banks 12,831 12,831 — — Interest-bearing time deposits 490 — 490 — Securities available for sale 227,739 25,949 201,330 460 Securities held to maturity 1,300 — 38 1,265 Residential mortgage loans held for sale 24,692 — 24,692 — SBA loans held for sale 21,163 — 22,591 — Loans, net 1,770,243 — — 1,651,115 FRB and FHLB stock 24,939 N/A N/A N/A Accrued interest receivable 10,161 — 10,161 — SBA loan servicing rights 2,950 — — 2,950 Residential mortgage loan servicing rights 59,768 — — 59,768 Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights 101 — — 101 Derivative assets (included in other assets) 923 — 471 452 Equity securities (included in other assets) 160 160 — — Financial liabilities: Noninterest-bearing deposits 242,237 242,237 — — Interest-bearing deposits 1,439,557 — — 1,435,083 Borrowings from FHLB 363,183 — 356,257 — Subordinated note 48,444 — 46,940 — Accrued interest payable 8,926 — 8,926 — Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance 1,027 — 1,027 — Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities) 196 — 12 184
Collateral Dependent Loans
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Schedule of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis	Range of Inputs Significant (Weighted Average) Range of Inputs (Weighted Unobservable December 31, Average) September 30, Financial Instrument Inputs 2023 2023 Collateral dependent loans Discount from appraised value 0.0% - 50.0% (13.80%) 10.0% - 50.0% (14.22%) Estimated costs to sell 0.0% - 6.0% (5.99%) 6.0% - 6.0% (6.00%)
SBA loan servicing rights
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Schedule of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis	Significant Range of Inputs (Weighted Unobservable Average) September 30, Financial Instrument Inputs 2023 SBA loan servicing rights Discount rate 10.25% - 25.00% (13.79%) Prepayment speed 8.60% - 32.85% (16.91%)

Stock Based Compensation Plans

Stock Based Compensation Plans (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Stock Based Compensation Plans (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Schedule of fair value of options granted	The fair value of options granted during the three-month periods ended December 31, 2023 were determined using the following assumptions: Expected dividend yield 3.74 % Risk-free interest rate 4.44 % Expected volatility 28.36 % Expected life of options 6.9 years Weighted average fair value at grant date $ 3.55
Schedule of stock option activity	A summary of stock option activity as of December 31, 2023, and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below. Weighted Average Remaining Weighted Contractual Aggregate Number of Average Term Intrinsic Shares Exercise Price (Years) Value (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Outstanding at beginning of period 408,669 $ 20.79 Granted 62,983 15.10 Exercised — — Forfeited or expired (5,100) 17.66 Outstanding at end of period 466,552 $ 20.05 5.2 $ 430 Vested and expected to vest 466,552 $ 20.05 5.2 $ 430 Exercisable at end of period 276,039 $ 19.38 5.1 $ 430
Schedule of nonvested restricted shares activity	Weighted Number Average of Grant Date Shares Fair Value Nonvested at October 1, 2023 54,916 $ 24.73 Granted 19,475 $ 15.10 Vested (16,158) $ 24.23 Forfeited (800) $ 22.49 Nonvested at December 31, 2023 57,433 $ 21.64

Derivative Financial Instrume_2

Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Financial Instruments
Schedule of derivative financial instruments	Notional Asset Liability Amount Derivatives Derivatives September 30, September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 2023 2023 2023 Interest rate lock commitments $ 67,040 $ 452 $ 184 Forward mortgage loan sale contracts 66,000 471 12 $ 133,040 $ 923 $ 196
Schedule of income (loss) related to derivative financial instruments	Three Months Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2023 2022 Interest rate lock commitments $ (268) $ 599 Forward mortgage loan sale contracts 354 (545) $ 86 $ 54

Regulatory Capital (Tables)

Regulatory Capital (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Regulatory Capital (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Regulatory Capital
Schedule of actual capital amounts and ratios	Minimum To Be Well Minimum Capitalized Under For Capital Prompt Corrective Actual Adequacy Purposes: Action Provisions: Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio (Dollars in thousands) As of December 31, 2023: Total capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 231,709 12.12 % $ 153,002 8.00 % N/A N/A Bank 228,941 11.97 152,983 8.00 $ 191,229 10.00 % Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 169,080 8.84 % $ 114,752 6.00 % N/A N/A Bank 210,796 11.02 114,737 6.00 $ 152,983 8.00 % Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 169,080 8.84 % $ 86,064 4.50 % N/A N/A Bank 210,796 11.02 86,053 4.50 $ 124,299 6.50 % Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets): Consolidated $ 169,080 7.25 % $ 93,254 4.00 % N/A N/A Bank 210,796 9.05 93,219 4.00 $ 116,523 5.00 % As of September 30, 2023: Total capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 230,735 11.47 % $ 160,965 8.00 % N/A N/A Bank 226,461 11.27 160,822 8.00 $ 201,027 10.00 % Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 165,391 8.22 % $ 120,724 6.00 % N/A N/A Bank 209,561 10.42 120,616 6.00 $ 160,822 8.00 % Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets): Consolidated $ 165,391 8.22 % $ 90,543 4.50 % N/A N/A Bank 209,561 10.42 90,462 4.50 $ 130,668 6.50 % Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets): Consolidated $ 165,391 7.24 % $ 91,375 4.00 % N/A N/A Bank 209,561 9.17 91,406 4.00 $ 114,259 5.00 %

Recent Accounting Pronounceme_2

Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Schedule of impact of adopting ASC 326	As Reported under Impact of ASC 326 Pre-ASC 326 ASC 326 Adoption Assets Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) on loans Residential real estate 5,678 4,641 1,037 Commercial real estate 2,032 1,777 255 Single tenant net lease 4,032 3,810 222 SBA commercial real estate 2,433 1,922 511 Multifamily 247 268 (21) Residential construction 208 434 (226) Commercial construction 325 282 43 Land and land development 233 307 (74) Commercial business 1,219 1,714 (495) SBA commercial business 1,407 1,247 160 Consumer 515 498 17 Allowance for credit losses on loans 18,329 16,900 1,429 Net deferred tax assets 19,817 18,859 859 Liabilities Allowance for credit losses on off balance sheet credit exposures 1,940 — 1,940

Segment Reporting (Tables)

Segment Reporting (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Segment Reporting (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting
Schedule of sum of the segment amounts and consolidated totals	Core SBA Mortgage Consolidated Banking Lending Banking Totals Three Months Ended December 31, 2023: Net interest income (loss) $ 13,113 $ 1,003 $ (3) $ 14,113 Provision (credit) for credit losses (49) 461 — 412 Net interest income after provision 13,162 542 (3) 13,701 Net gains on sales of loans, SBA — 834 — 834 Mortgage banking income 11 — 78 89 Noninterest income 1,679 1,003 100 2,782 Noninterest expense 10,252 2,146 3,641 16,039 Income (loss) before taxes 4,589 (601) (3,544) 444 Income tax expense (benefit) 541 (131) (886) (476) Segment profit (loss) 4,048 (470) (2,658) 920 Non-cash items: Depreciation and amortization 593 2 13 608 Segment assets at December 31, 2023 2,214,573 87,429 6,090 2,308,092 Core SBA Mortgage Consolidated Banking Lending Banking Totals Three Months Ended December 31, 2022: Net interest income $ 15,008 $ 995 $ 258 $ 16,261 Provision for credit losses 701 283 — 984 Net interest income after provision 14,307 712 258 15,277 Net gains on sales of loans, SBA — 775 — 775 Mortgage banking income (loss) (10) — 2,506 2,496 Noninterest income 1,928 754 2,506 5,188 Noninterest expense 9,797 1,924 5,790 17,511 Income (loss) before taxes 6,438 (458) (3,026) 2,954 Income tax expense (benefit) 946 (107) (756) 83 Segment profit (loss) 5,492 (351) (2,270) 2,871 Non-cash items: Depreciation and amortization 601 5 27 633 Segment assets at December 31, 2022 2,005,780 100,304 90,835 2,196,919

Revenue from Contracts with C_2

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Schedule of sources of noninterest income	Three Months Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (In thousands) In Scope for ASC 606 Service charges on deposit accounts $ 473 $ 558 ATM and interchange fees 449 739 Commission income 222 128 Other 25 25 Revenue from contracts with customers 1,169 1,450 Out of Scope for ASC 606 Gain on sale of SBA loans 834 775 Mortgage banking income 89 2,496 Increase in cash value of life insurance 329 225 Real estate lease income 115 117 Loan servicing and other income 246 125 Other noninterest income 1,613 3,738 Total noninterest income $ 2,782 $ 5,188

Mortgage Banking Income (Tables

Mortgage Banking Income (Tables)	3 Months Ended
Mortgage Banking Income (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Mortgage Banking Income
Schedule of components of mortgage banking income	Three Months Ended December 31, (In Thousands) 2023 2022 Origination and sale of mortgage loans (1) $ (211) $ 732 Mortgage brokerage income 30 43 Net change in fair value of loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments (1,297) 1,267 Realized and unrealized gains (losses) from Forward sales commitments 354 (545) Capitalized residential mortgage loan servicing rights 509 142 Net change in fair value of residential mortgage loan servicing rights (803) (1,240) Provisions for loan repurchases and indemnifications 1,451 (328) Net loan servicing income 56 2,425 Total mortgage banking income $ 89 $ 2,496 (1) Includes origination fees and realized gains and losses on the sale of mortgage loans in the secondary market.

Presentation of Interim Infor_2

Presentation of Interim Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
Presentation of Interim Information (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Presentation of Interim Information
Threshold Net Book Balance	$ 500,000,000
Allowance for credit losses on off balance sheet credit exposures	1,882,000		$ 0
Additional unfunded commitments	58,000	$ 0
Minimum estimated value of property	$ 250,000
Real estate \| Commercial
Presentation of Interim Information
Term of financing receivables	5 years
Real estate \| Multifamily
Presentation of Interim Information
Maximum loan to value ratio	80%
Real estate \| Single tenant net lease
Presentation of Interim Information
Maximum loan to value ratio	70%
Real estate \| Land and land development
Presentation of Interim Information
Maximum loan to value ratio	75%
Consumer
Presentation of Interim Information
Term of financing receivables	15 years
Maximum loan to value ratio	90%
Minimum \| Real estate \| Residential
Presentation of Interim Information
Term of financing receivables	10 years
Minimum \| Real estate \| Commercial
Presentation of Interim Information
Amortization term of financing receivable	15 years
Minimum \| Real estate \| Land and land development
Presentation of Interim Information
Term of financing receivables	18 months
Maximum \| Real estate \| Residential
Presentation of Interim Information
Term of financing receivables	30 years
Maximum \| Real estate \| Commercial
Presentation of Interim Information
Amortization term of financing receivable	20 years
Maximum \| Real estate \| Land and land development
Presentation of Interim Information
Term of financing receivables	24 months

Investment Securities - Amortiz

Investment Securities - Amortized cost of securities available for sale and held to maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	$ 262,777	$ 265,209
Gross Unrealized Gain	1,039	34
Gross Unrealized Losses	18,278	37,504
Fair Value	245,538	227,739
Debt securities held to maturity:
Amortized Cost	1,263
Amortized Cost		1,300
Gross Unrealized Gain	23	4
Gross Unrealized Losses		1
Fair Value	1,286	1,303
U.S. Treasury bills and notes
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	30,632	30,598
Gross Unrealized Losses	3,193	4,649
Fair Value	27,439	25,949
Agency mortgage-backed
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	28,090	28,542
Gross Unrealized Gain	2
Gross Unrealized Losses	2,654	4,274
Fair Value	25,438	24,268
Debt securities held to maturity:
Amortized Cost	34
Amortized Cost		36
Gross Unrealized Losses		1
Fair Value	34	35
Agency CMO
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	13,877	14,064
Gross Unrealized Losses	999	1,322
Fair Value	12,878	12,742
Privately-issued CMO
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	412	424
Gross Unrealized Gain	2	2
Gross Unrealized Losses	26	30
Fair Value	388	396
Privately-issued ABS
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	388	433
Gross Unrealized Gain	14	13
Gross Unrealized Losses	1	3
Fair Value	401	443
SBA certificates
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	11,537	11,587
Gross Unrealized Losses	326	842
Fair Value	11,211	10,745
Municipal bonds
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	175,841	177,561
Gross Unrealized Gain	1,021	19
Gross Unrealized Losses	10,791	26,096
Fair Value	166,071	151,484
Debt securities held to maturity:
Amortized Cost	1,229
Amortized Cost		1,264
Gross Unrealized Gain	23	4
Fair Value	1,252	1,268
Subordinated debt
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost		2,000
Gross Unrealized Losses		288
Fair Value		$ 1,712
Other
Debt securities available for sale:
Amortized Cost	2,000
Gross Unrealized Losses	288
Fair Value	$ 1,712

Investment Securities - Amort_2

Investment Securities - Amortized cost and fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity - Securities available for sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Available for Sale - Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	$ 262,777	$ 265,209
Available for Sale - Fair Value
Fair Value	245,538	227,739
Municipal bonds
Available for Sale - Amortized Cost
Due within one year	2,594
Due after one year through five years	8,663
Due after five years through ten years	45,354
Due after ten years	151,862
Amortized Cost	175,841	177,561
Available for Sale - Fair Value
Due within one year	2,570
Due after one year through five years	8,649
Due after five years through ten years	41,504
Due after ten years	142,499
Fair Value	166,071	151,484
CMO
Available for Sale - Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	14,289
Available for Sale - Fair Value
Fair Value	13,266
ABS
Available for Sale - Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	388
Available for Sale - Fair Value
Fair Value	401
SBA certificates
Available for Sale - Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	11,537
Amortized Cost	11,537	11,587
Available for Sale - Fair Value
Fair Value	11,211
Fair Value	11,211	$ 10,745
Mortgage-backed securities
Available for Sale - Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	28,090
Available for Sale - Fair Value
Fair Value	$ 25,438

Investment Securities - Amort_3

Investment Securities - Amortized cost and fair value of investment securities by contractual maturity - Held to maturity securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Held to Maturity - Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost	$ 1,263
Held to Maturity - Fair Value
Fair Value	1,286	$ 1,303
Municipal bonds
Held to Maturity - Amortized Cost
Due within one year	253
Due after one year through five years	632
Due after five years through ten years	344
Amortized Cost	1,229
Held to Maturity - Fair Value
Due within one year	256
Due after one year through five years	644
Due after five years through ten years	352
Fair Value	1,252	$ 1,268
Mortgage-backed securities
Held to Maturity - Amortized Cost
Without single maturity date	34
Held to Maturity - Fair Value
Without single maturity date	$ 34

Investment Securities - Investm

Investment Securities - Investment securities with gross unrealized losses (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) position	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) position
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	$ 7,014	$ 53,662
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	183,468	163,211
Total debt securities available for sale	$ 190,482	$ 216,873
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position	10	53
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	150	150
Total debt securities available for sale \| position	160	203
Continuous loss position more than twelve months, held to maturity \| position		1
Total debt securities held to maturity \| position		1
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	$ 358	$ 4,144
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	17,920	33,360
Total debt securities available for sale	18,278	37,504
Fair Value
Continuous loss position more than twelve months, held to maturity		19
Total debt securities held to maturity		19
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position more than twelve months, held to maturity		1
Total debt securities held to maturity		1
U.S. Treasury notes
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	1,599	1,576
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 25,840	$ 24,373
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position	5	5
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	1	1
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	$ 32	$ 49
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	3,161	4,600
Agency mortgage-backed
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months		163
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 25,000	$ 23,859
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position		2
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	14	15
Continuous loss position more than twelve months, held to maturity \| position		1
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months		$ 8
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 2,654	4,266
Fair Value
Continuous loss position more than twelve months, held to maturity		19
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position more than twelve months, held to maturity		1
Agency CMO
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months		4,249
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 12,878	$ 8,493
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position		1
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	15	14
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months		$ 462
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 999	860
Privately-issued CMO
Fair Value
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 343	$ 375
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	1	2
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 26	$ 30
Privately-issued ABS
Fair Value
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 179	$ 212
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	1	1
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 1	$ 3
SBA certificates
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months		31
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 11,211	$ 10,714
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position		1
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	3	2
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months		$ 3
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 326	839
Municipal bonds
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	3,703	45,931
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	$ 108,017	$ 95,185
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position	4	43
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	115	115
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	$ 38	$ 3,334
Continuous loss position more than twelve months	10,753	22,762
Other
Fair Value
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	$ 1,712	$ 1,712
Number of Investment Positions
Continuous loss position less than twelve months \| position	1	1
Gross Unrealized Losses
Continuous loss position less than twelve months	$ 288	$ 288

Investment Securities - Additio

Investment Securities - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended		15 Months Ended
Investment Securities - Additional Information (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) position item shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) position item	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) position
Investment Securities
Reserves on investment securities	$ 0		$ 0
Carrying value of HTM debt securities	1,263,000		1,263,000
HTM securities nonaccrual				$ 0
HTM securities excluding accrued interest, nonaccrual	$ 0		$ 0
Available for sale debt securities in loss position, depreciation percentage	4.90%
privately issued collateralized mortgage obligations ABS securities \| shares	5
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	150		150	150
Available for sale debt securities with total fair value, pledged to secure FHLB borrowings	$ 55,200,000		$ 55,200,000	$ 52,900,000
Percentage of available for sale of investments	78%
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale			0
Debt securities \| Downgraded Due To Potential Credit Losses
Investment Securities
Carrying value of downgraded due to potential credit losses	$ 623,000		623,000
Debt securities \| Downgraded Privately Issued Cmos
Investment Securities
Fair market value of downgraded privately issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$ 602,000		$ 602,000
Privately-issued CMO
Investment Securities
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	1		1	2
Investments, fair value disclosure	$ 522,000		$ 522,000
Total unrealized loss	27,000
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	$ 28,000	$ 28,000
Privately-issued CMO \| Two privately issued collateralized mortgage obligations
Investment Securities
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	2		2
Privately-issued ABS
Investment Securities
Number of debt securities \| item	2		2
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	1		1	1
Municipal bonds
Investment Securities
Number of debt securities \| item	2		2
Carrying value of HTM debt securities	$ 1,229,000		$ 1,229,000
Continuous loss position more than twelve months \| position	115		115	115

Loans and Allowance for Credi_3

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	$ 1,859,829	$ 1,859,829
Total loans		1,786,194
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	913
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net		949
Allowance for credit losses	(18,789)	(16,900)
Allowance for loan losses		(16,900)
Loans, net	1,841,953
Loans, net		1,770,243
Discounts on SBA loans	3,300
Residential
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	568,180	568,180
Total loans		528,410
Allowance for credit losses	(5,688)	(4,641)
Allowance for loan losses		(4,641)
Commercial
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	187,654	187,654
Total loans		187,232
Allowance for credit losses	(1,797)	(1,777)
Allowance for loan losses		(1,777)
Single tenant net lease
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	766,351	766,351
Total loans		757,388
Allowance for credit losses	(4,080)	(3,810)
Allowance for loan losses		(3,810)
SBA commercial
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	48,106	48,106
Total loans		47,078
Allowance for credit losses	(2,871)	(1,922)
Allowance for loan losses		(1,922)
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	39,273	39,273
Total loans		34,892
Allowance for credit losses	(321)	(268)
Allowance for loan losses		(268)
Residential Construction
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	32,979	32,979
Total loans		24,924
Allowance for credit losses	(304)	(434)
Allowance for loan losses		(434)
Commercial Construction
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	18,397	18,397
Total loans		14,588
Allowance for credit losses	(384)	(282)
Allowance for loan losses		(282)
Land and land development
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	15,800	15,800
Total loans		17,234
Allowance for credit losses	(197)	(307)
Allowance for loan losses		(307)
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	16,852	16,852
Total loans		16,939
Allowance for credit losses	(1,499)	(1,247)
Allowance for loan losses		(1,247)
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	38,978	38,978
Total loans		39,915
Allowance for credit losses	(426)	(498)
Allowance for loan losses		(498)
Real estate mortgage \| Residential
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	568,180
Total loans		528,410
Real estate mortgage \| Commercial
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	187,654
Total loans		187,232
Real estate mortgage \| Single tenant net lease
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	766,351
Total loans		757,388
Real estate mortgage \| SBA commercial
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	48,106
Total loans		47,078
Real estate mortgage \| Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	39,273
Total loans		34,892
Real estate mortgage \| Residential Construction
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	32,979
Total loans		24,924
Real estate mortgage \| Commercial Construction
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	18,397
Total loans		14,588
Real estate mortgage \| Land and land development
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	15,800
Total loans		17,234
Commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	127,259
Total loans		117,594
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	16,852
Total loans		16,939
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total loans	$ 38,978
Total loans		$ 39,915

Loans and Allowance for Credi_4

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Components of loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 15,508	$ 15,214
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,770,980
Loans		1,786,194
Residential real estate
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	2,519	3,312
Collectively evaluated for impairment		525,098
Loans		528,410
Commercial real estate
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	504	868
Collectively evaluated for impairment		186,364
Loans		187,232
Single tenant net lease
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Collectively evaluated for impairment		757,388
Loans		757,388
SBA commercial real estate
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	8,248	7,415
Collectively evaluated for impairment		39,663
Loans		47,078
Multifamily
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	304	318
Collectively evaluated for impairment		34,574
Loans		34,892
Residential Construction
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Collectively evaluated for impairment		24,924
Loans		24,924
Commercial Construction
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Collectively evaluated for impairment		14,588
Loans		14,588
Land and land development
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Collectively evaluated for impairment		17,234
Loans		17,234
Commercial Business
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	1,770	1,946
Collectively evaluated for impairment		115,648
Loans		117,594
SBA commercial business
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	2,015	1,122
Collectively evaluated for impairment		15,817
Loans		16,939
Consumer
Loans as Evaluated for Impairment:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 148	233
Collectively evaluated for impairment		39,682
Loans		$ 39,915

Loans and Allowance for Credi_5

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Allowance for credit losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Individually Evaluated for Impairment			$ 563
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			16,337
Allowance for loan losses			16,900
Ending balance		$ 16,080
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	$ 16,900
Provisions (Credits)	469
Charge-offs	(113)		(113)
Recoveries	104
Ending balance	18,789		16,900
Beginning balance		15,360	15,360
Provisions (Credits)		984
Charge-offs		(329)
Recoveries		65
Ending balance		16,080
Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Ending balance	1,429
Residential real estate
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Individually Evaluated for Impairment			74
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			4,567
Allowance for loan losses			4,641
Ending balance		3,100
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	4,641
Provisions (Credits)	9
Recoveries	1
Ending balance	5,688		4,641
Beginning balance		2,716	2,716
Provisions (Credits)		382
Recoveries		2
Ending balance		3,100
Residential real estate \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	1,037
Ending balance			1,037
Commercial real estate
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Individually Evaluated for Impairment			2
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			1,775
Allowance for loan losses			1,777
Ending balance		1,751
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	1,777
Provisions (Credits)	(235)
Ending balance	1,797		1,777
Beginning balance		1,590	1,590
Provisions (Credits)		161
Ending balance		1,751
Commercial real estate \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	255
Ending balance			255
Single tenant net lease
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			3,810
Allowance for loan losses			3,810
Ending balance		3,804
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	3,810
Provisions (Credits)	48
Ending balance	4,080		3,810
Beginning balance		3,838	3,838
Provisions (Credits)		(34)
Ending balance		3,804
Single tenant net lease \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	222
Ending balance			222
SBA commercial real estate
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			1,922
Allowance for loan losses			1,922
Ending balance		2,398
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	1,922
Provisions (Credits)	379
Charge-offs	(2)		(2)
Recoveries	61
Ending balance	2,871		1,922
Beginning balance		2,578	2,578
Provisions (Credits)		(106)
Charge-offs		(74)
Ending balance		2,398
SBA commercial real estate \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	511
Ending balance			511
Multifamily
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			268
Allowance for loan losses			268
Ending balance		252
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	268
Provisions (Credits)	74
Ending balance	321		268
Beginning balance		251	251
Provisions (Credits)		1
Ending balance		252
Multifamily \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	(21)
Ending balance			(21)
Residential construction
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			434
Allowance for loan losses			434
Ending balance		367
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	434
Provisions (Credits)	96
Ending balance	304		434
Beginning balance		305	305
Provisions (Credits)		62
Ending balance		367
Residential construction \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	(226)
Ending balance			(226)
Commercial construction
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			282
Allowance for loan losses			282
Ending balance		83
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	282
Provisions (Credits)	59
Ending balance	384		282
Beginning balance		107	107
Provisions (Credits)		(24)
Ending balance		83
Commercial construction \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	43
Ending balance			43
Land and land development
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			307
Allowance for loan losses			307
Ending balance		200
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	307
Provisions (Credits)	(36)
Ending balance	197		307
Beginning balance		212	212
Provisions (Credits)		(12)
Ending balance		200
Land and land development \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	(74)
Ending balance			(74)
Commercial business
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Individually Evaluated for Impairment			111
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			1,603
Allowance for loan losses			1,714
Ending balance		1,255
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	1,714
Provisions (Credits)	3
Ending balance	1,222		1,714
Beginning balance		1,193	1,193
Provisions (Credits)		32
Recoveries		30
Ending balance		1,255
Commercial business \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	(495)
Ending balance			(495)
SBA commercial business
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Individually Evaluated for Impairment			187
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			1,060
Allowance for loan losses			1,247
Ending balance		2,338
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	1,247
Provisions (Credits)	72
Charge-offs	(3)		(3)
Recoveries	23
Ending balance	1,499		1,247
Beginning balance		2,122	2,122
Provisions (Credits)		390
Charge-offs		(190)
Recoveries		16
Ending balance		2,338
SBA commercial business \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	160
Ending balance			160
Consumer
Ending Allowance Balance Attributable to Loans:
Individually Evaluated for Impairment			189
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment			309
Allowance for loan losses			498
Ending balance		532
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	498
Charge-offs	(108)		(108)
Recoveries	19
Ending balance	426		498
Beginning balance		448	448
Provisions (Credits)		132
Charge-offs		(65)
Recoveries		17
Ending balance		$ 532
Consumer \| Adoption of ASC 326
Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses:
Beginning balance	$ 17
Ending balance			$ 17

Loans and Allowance for Credi_6

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Impaired Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		$ 11,871
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		15,354
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	$ 13,190
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Interest Income Recognized	39
Loans with an allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		3,343
Loans with an allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		3,636
Loans with an allowance recorded, Related Allowance		563
Loans with an allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	3,183
Total, Recorded Investment		15,214
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		18,990
Total, Related Allowance		563
Total, Average Recorded Investment	16,373
Total, Interest Income Recognized	39
Residential real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		1,989
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		2,139
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	2,891
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Interest Income Recognized	15
Loans with an allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		1,323
Loans with an allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		1,328
Loans with an allowance recorded, Related Allowance		74
Total, Recorded Investment		3,312
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		3,467
Total, Related Allowance		74
Total, Average Recorded Investment	2,891
Total, Interest Income Recognized	15
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		551
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		627
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	971
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Interest Income Recognized	7
Loans with an allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		317
Loans with an allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		317
Loans with an allowance recorded, Related Allowance		2
Total, Recorded Investment		868
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		945
Total, Related Allowance		2
Total, Average Recorded Investment	971
Total, Interest Income Recognized	7
SBA commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		7,415
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		9,397
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	7,033
Loans with an allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	1,665
Total, Recorded Investment		7,415
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		9,397
Total, Average Recorded Investment	8,698
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		318
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		362
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	393
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Interest Income Recognized	5
Total, Recorded Investment		318
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		362
Total, Average Recorded Investment	393
Total, Interest Income Recognized	5
Commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		870
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		972
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	1,068
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Interest Income Recognized	12
Loans with an allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		1,076
Loans with an allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		1,165
Loans with an allowance recorded, Related Allowance		111
Loans with an allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	67
Total, Recorded Investment		1,946
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		2,137
Total, Related Allowance		111
Total, Average Recorded Investment	1,135
Total, Interest Income Recognized	12
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		684
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		1,799
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	757
Loans with an allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		438
Loans with an allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		637
Loans with an allowance recorded, Related Allowance		187
Loans with an allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	1,267
Total, Recorded Investment		1,122
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		2,436
Total, Related Allowance		187
Total, Average Recorded Investment	2,024
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		44
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		58
Loans with no related allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	77
Loans with an allowance recorded, Recorded Investment		189
Loans with an allowance recorded, Unpaid Principal Balance		189
Loans with an allowance recorded, Related Allowance		189
Loans with an allowance recorded, Average Recorded Investment	184
Total, Recorded Investment		233
Total, Unpaid Principal Balance		247
Total, Related Allowance		$ 189
Total, Average Recorded Investment	$ 261

Loans and Allowance for Credi_7

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	$ 15,508	$ 15,214
Real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	11,575
Other
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	3,933
Residential
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	2,519	3,312
Residential \| Real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	2,519
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	504	868
Commercial real estate \| Real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	504
SBA commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	8,248	7,415
SBA commercial real estate \| Real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	8,248
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	304	318
Multifamily \| Real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	304
Undisbursed portion of commercial and personal lines of credit
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	1,770	1,946
Undisbursed portion of commercial and personal lines of credit \| Other
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	1,770
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	2,015	1,122
SBA commercial business \| Other
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	2,015
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	148	$ 233
Consumer \| Other
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans individually evaluated	$ 148

Loans and Allowance for Credi_8

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Nonperforming loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	$ 15,508
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	11,386
Total Nonaccrual Loans		$ 13,948
Residential real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	2,519
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	1,662
Total Nonaccrual Loans		2,426
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	504
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	504
Total Nonaccrual Loans		511
SBA commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	8,248
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	6,929
Total Nonaccrual Loans		7,415
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	304
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	304
Total Nonaccrual Loans		318
Commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	1,770
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	512
Total Nonaccrual Loans		1,946
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	2,015
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	1,463
Total Nonaccrual Loans		1,099
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Total Nonaccrual Loans	148
Nonaccural Loans with No Allowance for Credit loses	$ 12
Total Nonaccrual Loans		$ 233

Loans and Allowance for Credi_9

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Aging of recorded investment in past due loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	$ 1,859,829	$ 1,859,829
Total loans		1,786,194
30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	4,043	3,921
60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	1,207	199
90+ Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	6,670	6,499
Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	11,920	10,619
Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	1,847,909	1,775,575
Residential real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	568,180	568,180
Total loans		528,410
Residential real estate \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	2,649	2,715
Residential real estate \| 60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	228	132
Residential real estate \| 90+ Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	1,932	1,818
Residential real estate \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	4,809	4,665
Residential real estate \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	563,371	523,745
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	187,654	187,654
Total loans		187,232
Commercial real estate \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	448	23
Commercial real estate \| 60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	504	62
Commercial real estate \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	952	85
Commercial real estate \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	186,702	187,147
Single tenant net lease
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	766,351	766,351
Total loans		757,388
Single tenant net lease \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	766,351	757,388
SBA commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	48,106	48,106
Total loans		47,078
SBA commercial real estate \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	470	764
SBA commercial real estate \| 60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	328
SBA commercial real estate \| 90+ Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	3,908	3,877
SBA commercial real estate \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	4,706	4,641
SBA commercial real estate \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	43,400	42,437
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	39,273	39,273
Total loans		34,892
Multifamily \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	39,273	34,892
Residential construction
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	32,979	32,979
Total loans		24,924
Residential construction \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	32,979	24,924
Commercial construction
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	18,397	18,397
Total loans		14,588
Commercial construction \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	18,397	14,588
Land and land development
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	15,800	15,800
Total loans		17,234
Land and land development \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment		40
Land and land development \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment		40
Land and land development \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	15,800	17,194
Commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	127,259	127,259
Total loans		117,594
Commercial business \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	184	112
Commercial business \| 60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	122
Commercial business \| 90+ Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	51	86
Commercial business \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	357	198
Commercial business \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	126,902	117,396
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	16,852	16,852
Total loans		16,939
SBA commercial business \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment		130
SBA commercial business \| 60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	25
SBA commercial business \| 90+ Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	772	682
SBA commercial business \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	797	812
SBA commercial business \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	16,055	16,127
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Total loans	38,978	38,978
Total loans		39,915
Consumer \| 30 to 59 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	292	137
Consumer \| 60 to 89 Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment		5
Consumer \| 90+ Days Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	7	36
Consumer \| Total Past Due
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	299	178
Consumer \| Current
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Financing receivable recorded investment	$ 38,679	$ 39,737

Loans and Allowance for Cred_10

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans categorized into each risk rating based on fiscal year of origination as well as current period gross charge-offs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		$ 55,494
2023		333,791
2022		497,255
2021		157,135
2020		158,250
Prior		288,773
Revolving Loans		369,131
Total	$ 1,859,829	1,859,829
YTD gross charge-offs, 2021		1
YTD gross charge-offs, Prior		112
YTD gross charge-offs, Total	113	113
Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		55,494
2023		332,152
2022		495,949
2021		156,494
2020		157,772
Prior		277,511
Revolving Loans		368,817
Total		1,844,189
Special Mention
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2022		277
Total		277
Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		1,693
2022		1,029
2021		641
2020		478
Prior		9,545
Revolving Loans		314
Total		13,646
Doubtful
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		1,654
Total		1,654
Loss
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		63
Total		63
Residential
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		11,015
2023		36,289
2022		69,372
2021		31,985
2020		15,826
Prior		61,489
Revolving Loans		342,204
Total	568,180	568,180
Residential \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		11,015
2023		36,173
2022		68,655
2021		31,544
2020		15,826
Prior		60,977
Revolving Loans		341,898
Total		566,088
Residential \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		116
2022		717
2021		441
Prior		491
Revolving Loans		306
Total		2,071
Residential \| Doubtful
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		21
Total		21
Commercial real estate
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		5,431
2023		27,234
2022		65,560
2021		23,718
2020		9,421
Prior		56,290
Total	187,654	187,654
Commercial real estate \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		5,431
2023		26,730
2022		65,560
2021		23,718
2020		9,398
Prior		56,114
Total		186,951
Commercial real estate \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		504
2020		23
Prior		176
Total		703
Commercial real estate \| Doubtful
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Total		21
Single tenant net lease
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		17,388
2023		154,911
2022		285,497
2021		72,562
2020		102,620
Prior		133,373
Total	766,351	766,351
Single tenant net lease \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		17,388
2023		154,911
2022		285,497
2021		72,562
2020		102,620
Prior		133,373
Total		766,351
SBA commercial real estate
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,434
2023		8,733
2022		6,172
2021		6,873
2020		9,280
Prior		15,568
Revolving Loans		46
Total	48,106	48,106
YTD gross charge-offs, Prior		2
YTD gross charge-offs, Total	2	2
SBA commercial real estate \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,434
2023		8,733
2022		5,780
2021		6,779
2020		8,883
Prior		7,926
Revolving Loans		46
Total		39,581
SBA commercial real estate \| Special Mention
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2022		277
Total		277
SBA commercial real estate \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2022		115
2021		94
2020		397
Prior		5,957
Total		6,563
SBA commercial real estate \| Doubtful
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		1,624
Total		1,624
SBA commercial real estate \| Loss
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		61
Total		61
Multifamily
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		5,000
2023		2,577
2022		7,345
2021		5,584
2020		11,302
Prior		7,465
Total	39,273	39,273
Multifamily \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		5,000
2023		2,577
2022		7,345
2021		5,584
2020		11,302
Prior		7,161
Total		38,969
Multifamily \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Revolving Loans		304
Total		304
Residential construction
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,107
2023		14,361
2022		17,511
Total	32,979	32,979
Residential construction \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,107
2023		14,361
2022		17,511
Total		32,979
Commercial construction
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		14,187
2022		4,210
Total	18,397	18,397
Commercial construction \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		14,187
2022		4,210
Total		18,397
Land and land development
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		347
2023		7,255
2022		5,439
2021		1,121
2020		411
Prior		1,227
Total	15,800	15,800
Land and land development \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		347
2023		7,255
2022		5,439
2021		1,121
2020		411
Prior		1,227
Total		15,800
Commercial business
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		11,109
2023		60,515
2022		31,030
2021		13,301
2020		4,144
Prior		7,160
Total	127,259	127,259
Commercial business \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		11,109
2023		59,498
2022		30,835
2021		13,255
2020		4,140
Prior		6,652
Total		125,489
Commercial business \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		1,017
2022		195
2021		46
2020		4
Prior		508
Total		1,770
SBA commercial business
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,289
2023		2,327
2022		765
2021		1,318
2020		4,850
Prior		5,928
Revolving Loans		375
Total	16,852	16,852
YTD gross charge-offs, Prior		3
YTD gross charge-offs, Total	3	3
SBA commercial business \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,289
2023		2,327
2022		765
2021		1,258
2020		4,796
Prior		3,808
Revolving Loans		375
Total		14,618
SBA commercial business \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2021		60
2020		54
Prior		2,109
Total		2,223
SBA commercial business \| Doubtful
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		9
Total		9
SBA commercial business \| Loss
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
Prior		2
Total		2
Consumer
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,374
2023		5,402
2022		4,354
2021		673
2020		396
Prior		273
Revolving Loans		26,506
Total	38,978	38,978
YTD gross charge-offs, 2021		1
YTD gross charge-offs, Prior		107
YTD gross charge-offs, Total	$ 108	108
Consumer \| Pass
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2024		1,374
2023		5,400
2022		4,352
2021		673
2020		396
Prior		273
Revolving Loans		26,498
Total		38,966
Consumer \| Substandard
Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Fiscal Year End
2023		2
2022		2
Revolving Loans		8
Total		$ 12

Loans and Allowance for Cred_11

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Recorded investment in loans by risk category (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	$ 1,786,194
Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	1,770,145
Special Mention
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	318
Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	14,044
Doubtful
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	1,687
Residential real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	528,410
Residential real estate \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	525,735
Residential real estate \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	2,653
Residential real estate \| Doubtful
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	22
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	187,232
Commercial real estate \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	186,520
Commercial real estate \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	712
Single tenant net lease
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	757,388
Single tenant net lease \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	757,388
SBA commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	47,078
SBA commercial real estate \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	39,092
SBA commercial real estate \| Special Mention
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	278
SBA commercial real estate \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	6,083
SBA commercial real estate \| Doubtful
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	1,625
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	34,892
Multifamily \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	34,574
Multifamily \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	318
Residential construction
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	24,924
Residential construction \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	24,924
Commercial construction
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	14,588
Commercial construction \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	14,588
Land and land development
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	17,234
Land and land development \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	17,234
Commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	117,594
Commercial business \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	115,647
Commercial business \| Special Mention
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	40
Commercial business \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	1,907
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	16,939
SBA commercial business \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	14,572
SBA commercial business \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	2,327
SBA commercial business \| Doubtful
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	40
Consumer
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	39,915
Consumer \| Pass
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	39,871
Consumer \| Substandard
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans	$ 44

Loans and Allowance for Cred_12

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings by class of loan and accrual status (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Accruing	$ 2,580
Nonaccrual	2,286
Total	4,866
Residential real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Accruing	1,021
Total	1,021
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Accruing	383
Nonaccrual	420
Total	803
SBA commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Nonaccrual	1,604
Total	1,604
Multifamily
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Accruing	346
Total	346
Commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Accruing	830
Total	830
SBA commercial business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Nonaccrual	262
Total	$ 262

Loans and Allowance for Cred_13

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Changes in carrying value accounted for fair value of the loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Balance, beginning of period	$ 2,950
Balance, end of period	2,907
Small Business Administration Loans
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Balance, beginning of period	2,950	$ 3,790
Servicing rights capitalized	257	198
Amortization	(143)	(195)
Direct write-offs	(217)	(141)
Change in valuation allowance	60	(351)
Balance, end of period	2,907	3,301
Mortgage Servicing Rights.
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Balance, beginning of period	59,768	63,263
Servicing rights capitalized	509	142
Direct write-offs	(58,765)
Loan repayments	(666)	(1,023)
Changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions	(137)	(217)
Balance, end of period	709	62,165
Nonresidential MSR
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Balance, beginning of period	101	141
Amortization	(6)	(9)
Balance, end of period	$ 95	$ 132

Loans and Allowance for Cred_14

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the loans (Details) - Mortgage Servicing Rights.	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023
Maximum
Discount rate	14.50%
Prepayment rate	85.82%
Minimum
Discount rate	9.44%
Prepayment rate	5%
Weighted Average
Discount rate	9.51%
Prepayment rate	6.82%

Loans and Allowance for Cred_15

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Mortgage loans in process of foreclosure amount	$ 539,000
Interest income related to nonaccrual loans	0
Amount of new and modification FDMs	0
Loans and leases receivable impaired commitment to lend		$ 1,000
Financing receivable allowance for credit losses, Write-downs		329,000
Provision for loan losses	412,000	984,000
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			$ 18,990,000
Commercial real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			945,000
Residential real estate
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Real estate properties owned	444,000,000
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			3,467,000
Commercial Business
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			2,137,000
SBA Lending
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Servicing assets valuation allowance	0		60,000
SBA
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Unpaid principal balance of loans	211,300,000
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			209,600,000			$ 237,900,000
SBA \| Bank Servicing
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Revenue from Contract with Customer	9,000	21,000
Net servicing income	464,000	553,000
Troubled Debt Restructuring
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans and leases receivable allowance covered		125,000
Financing receivable allowance for credit losses, Write-downs		3,000
Mortgage Servicing Rights.
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Unpaid principal balance of loans	83,100,000
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			4,770,000,000
Revenue from Contract with Customer	1,000,000,000	2,400,000
Escrow balances maintained with foregoing loan servicing and other liabilities	608,000,000,000		47,900,000
Nonresidential MSR
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Unpaid principal balance of loans	40,300,000
Impaired financing receivable, Unpaid principal balance			$ 40,400,000
Revenue from Contract with Customer	$ 4,000	$ 9,000
Servicing assets valuation allowance				$ 0	$ 0

Deposits (Details)

Deposits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	$ 202,769	$ 242,237
NOW accounts	329,610	336,446
Money market accounts	312,521	323,739
Savings accounts	163,006	170,073
Retail time deposits	173,045	170,980
Brokered & reciprocal time deposits	502,895	438,319
Total deposits	$ 1,683,846	$ 1,681,794

Supplemental Disclosure for N_3

Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share - Net income per share information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Basic:
Net income attributable to First Savings Financial Group, Inc. available to common shareholders	$ 920	$ 2,871
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic	6,823,948	6,915,909
Net income per common share, basic	$ 0.13	$ 0.42
Diluted:
Net income attributable to First Savings Financial Group, Inc. available to common shareholders	$ 920	$ 2,871
Shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic	6,823,948	6,915,909
Add: Dilutive effect of outstanding Options	15,756	53,229
Add: Dilutive effect of restricted stock		2,917
Weighted average common shares outstanding, as adjusted	6,839,704	6,972,055
Net income per common share, diluted	$ 0.13	$ 0.41

Supplemental Disclosure for N_4

Supplemental Disclosure for Net Income Per Share - Additional Information (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Restricted stock
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE FOR EARNINGS PER SHARE
Antidilutive restricted stock awards	0	0
Stock options
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE FOR EARNINGS PER SHARE
Antidilutive restricted stock awards	341,572	275,889

Fair Value Measurements and D_3

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Balances of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	$ 245,538	$ 227,739
Residential mortgage loans held for sale - fair value option elected	4,056	24,692
Derivative assets (included in other assets)		923
Residential mortgage loan servicing rights, at fair value	709	59,768
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)		196
U.S. Treasury bills and notes
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	27,439	25,949
Agency mortgage-backed
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	25,438	24,268
Agency CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	12,878	12,742
Privately-issued CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	388	396
Privately-issued ABS
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	401	443
SBA certificates
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	11,211	10,745
Municipal bonds
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	166,071	151,484
Subordinated debt
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value		1,712
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	245,538	227,739
Residential mortgage loans held for sale - fair value option elected	4,056	24,692
Equity securities (included in other assets)	198	160
Derivative assets (included in other assets)		923
Equity securities (included in other assets)	198	160
Residential mortgage loan servicing rights, at fair value	709	59,768
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)		196
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| U.S. Treasury bills and notes
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	27,439	25,949
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Agency mortgage-backed
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	25,438	24,268
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Agency CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	12,878	12,742
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Privately-issued CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	388	396
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Privately-issued ABS
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	401	443
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| SBA certificates
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	11,211	10,745
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Municipal bonds
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	166,071	151,484
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Other
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	1,712
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Subordinated debt
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value		1,712
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	2,803	1,508
SBA loan servicing rights	2,907	2,950
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| Residential real estate
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	523	306
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| SBA commercial real estate
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	881
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| Commercial business
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	1,164	965
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| SBA commercial business
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	235	237
Level 1
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	27,439	25,949
Equity securities (included in other assets)	198	160
Equity securities (included in other assets)	198	160
Level 1 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	27,439	25,949
Equity securities (included in other assets)	198	160
Equity securities (included in other assets)	198	160
Level 1 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| U.S. Treasury bills and notes
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	27,439	25,949
Level 2
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	217,647	201,330
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	217,647	201,330
Residential mortgage loans held for sale - fair value option elected	4,056	24,692
Derivative assets (included in other assets)		471
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)		12
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Agency mortgage-backed
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	25,438	24,268
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Agency CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	12,878	12,742
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Privately-issued CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	45	46
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Privately-issued ABS
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	322	364
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| SBA certificates
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	11,181	10,714
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Municipal bonds
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	166,071	151,484
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Other
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	1,712
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Subordinated debt
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value		1,712
Level 3
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	452	460
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	452	460
Derivative assets (included in other assets)		452
Residential mortgage loan servicing rights, at fair value	709	59,768
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)		184
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Privately-issued CMO
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	343	350
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Privately-issued ABS
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	79	79
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| SBA certificates
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	30	31
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	2,803	1,508
SBA loan servicing rights	2,907	2,950
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| Residential real estate
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	523	306
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| SBA commercial real estate
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	881
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| Commercial business
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	1,164	965
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring \| SBA commercial business
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total impaired loans	$ 235	$ 237

Fair Value Measurements and D_4

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Reconciliation of derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Beginning balance	$ 268	$ (238)
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized in earnings, net of settlements	$ (268)	600
Ending balance		$ 362

Fair Value Measurements and D_5

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) used in the valuation of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis (Details) - Interest rate lock commitments	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate	0%
Pull-through rate \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate		54%
Pull-through rate \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate		95%
Pull-through rate \| Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate		81%
Direct costs to close \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate		0%
Direct costs to close \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate		5%
Direct costs to close \| Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fixed interest rate		0.62%

Fair Value Measurements and D_6

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of impaired loans (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Discount rate \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Collateral dependent loans	0	10
Discount rate \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Collateral dependent loans	50	50
Discount rate \| Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Collateral dependent loans	13.80	14.22
Estimated costs to sell \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Collateral dependent loans	0	6
Estimated costs to sell \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Collateral dependent loans	6	6
Estimated costs to sell \| Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Collateral dependent loans	5.99	6

Fair Value Measurements and D_7

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of SBA loan servicing rights measured at fair value (Details) - SBA loan servicing rights - Level 3	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights	0
Discount rate \| Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights		25
Discount rate \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights		10.25
Discount rate \| Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights		13.79
Prepayment speed \| Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights		32.85
Prepayment speed \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights		8.60
Prepayment speed \| Weighted Average
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SBA loan servicing rights		16.91

Fair Value Measurements and D_8

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Additional information (Details)	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 item
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Derivative assets and liabilities held	$ 0	$ 362,000
Impairment charges on nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights	$ 0	0
Number of loans were 90 days or more past due \| item	0		0
Mortgage servicing rights
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Anticipated sales price	$ 754,000
Estimated expenses	25,000
Contingencies related to the pending sales	20,000
Level 3
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Transfers from loans to other real estate owned	0
Collateral Dependent Loans
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Impairment charges on loan	691,000	200,000
SBA commercial
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Impairment charges on loan	$ 60,000	$ 351,000

Fair Value Measurements and D_9

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of Aggregate Fair Value and the Aggregate Remaining Principal Balance for Residential Mortgage Loans Held for Sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Residential mortgage loans held for sale Aggregate Fair Value	$ 4,056	$ 24,692
Residential mortgage loans held for sale Aggregate Principal Balance	4,988	24,382
Residential mortgage loans held for sale Difference	$ (932)	$ 309

Fair Value Measurements and _10

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of Gains and Losses and Interest Included in Earnings Related to Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value Under the Fair Value Options (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Total gains and interest included in earnings	$ (736)	$ 1,096
Interest income
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Interest income	293	428
Mortgage Banking
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Gains (losses) - included in mortgage banking income	$ (1,029)	$ 668

Fair Value Measurements and _11

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Summary of fair value of loans measured using an entry price notion (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	$ 18,014	$ 17,522
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	12,831	15,844
Fair Value	227,739	245,538
Securities held to maturity	1,300
Debt securities held to maturity		1,263
Loans, net	1,770,243
SBA loan servicing rights	2,950	2,907
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	242,237	202,769
Interest-bearing deposits	1,439,557	1,481,077
Borrowings from FHLB	363,183	356,699
Accrued interest payable	8,926	10,405
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	1,027	512
Level 1
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	18,014	17,522
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	12,831	15,844
Fair Value	25,949	27,439
Equity securities (included in other assets)	160	198
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	242,237	202,769
Level 2
Financial assets:
Interest-bearing time deposits	490	490
Fair Value	201,330	217,647
Securities held to maturity	38
Debt securities held to maturity		34
Residential mortgage loans held for sale	24,692	4,056
SBA loans held for sale	22,591
Accrued interest receivable	10,161	11,341
Derivative assets (included in other assets)	471
Financial liabilities:
Borrowings from FHLB	356,257	352,575
Subordinated note	46,940	47,704
Accrued interest payable	8,926	10,405
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	1,027	512
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)	12
Level 3
Financial assets:
Fair Value	460	452
Securities held to maturity	1,265
Debt securities held to maturity		1,252
SBA loans held for sale		20,593
Loans, net	1,651,115
Loans, net		1,738,857
SBA loan servicing rights	2,950	2,907
Residential mortgage loan servicing rights	59,768	709
Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights	101	95
Derivative assets (included in other assets)	452
Financial liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits	1,435,083	1,477,923
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)	184
Estimate of fair value measurement
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	18,014	17,522
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	12,831	15,844
Interest-bearing time deposits	490	490
Fair Value	227,739	245,538
Securities held to maturity	1,300
Debt securities held to maturity		1,263
Residential mortgage loans held for sale	24,692	4,056
SBA loans held for sale	21,163	18,810
Loans, net	1,770,243
Loans, net		1,841,953
FRB and FHLB stock	24,939	24,987
Accrued interest receivable	10,161	11,341
SBA loan servicing rights	2,950	2,907
Residential mortgage loan servicing rights	59,768	709
Nonresidential mortgage loan servicing rights	101	95
Derivative assets (included in other assets)	923
Equity securities (included in other assets)	160	198
Financial liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits	242,237	202,769
Interest-bearing deposits	1,439,557	1,481,077
Borrowings from FHLB	363,183	356,699
Subordinated note	48,444	48,484
Accrued interest payable	8,926	10,405
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance	1,027	$ 512
Derivative liabilities (included in other liabilities)	$ 196

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Oct. 06, 2008	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
Total ESOP shares	203,363	293,695		293,695
Compensation expense recognized		$ 0	$ 0
Employee stock ownership plan (per share)	$ 10

Stock Based Compensation Plan_2

Stock Based Compensation Plans - Fair Value Of Options Granted (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Expected dividend yield	3.74%
Risk-free interest rate	4.44%
Expected volatility	28.36%
Expected life of options	6 years 10 months 24 days
Weighted average fair value at grant date	$ 3.55

Stock Based Compensation Plan_3

Stock Based Compensation Plans - Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Outstanding at beginning of year \| shares	408,669
Granted \| shares	62,983
Forfeited or expired \| shares	(5,100)
Outstanding at end of year \| shares	466,552
Vested and expected to vest \| shares	466,552
Exercisable at end of year \| shares	276,039
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of year \| $ / shares	$ 20.79
Granted \| $ / shares	15.10
Forfeited or expired \| $ / shares	17.66
Outstanding at end of year \| $ / shares	20.05
Vested and expected to vest \| $ / shares	20.05
Exercisable at end of year \| $ / shares	$ 19.38
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Outstanding at end of period	5 years 2 months 12 days
Vested and expected to vest	5 years 2 months 12 days
Exercisable at end of period	5 years 1 month 6 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at end of period \| $	$ 430
Vested and expected to vest \| $	430
Exercisable at end of period \| $	$ 430

Stock Based Compensation Plan_4

Stock Based Compensation Plans - Non vested Restricted Shares (Details) - Restricted stock - $ / shares	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of Shares
Nonvested		54,916
Granted	19,475	19,475
Vested		(16,158)	(16,408)
Forfeited		(800)
Nonvested		57,433
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested		$ 24.73
Granted		15.10
Vested		24.23
Forfeited		22.49
Nonvested		$ 21.64

Stock Based Compensation Plan_5

Stock Based Compensation Plans - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Vesting period		5 years
Terms of award		P10Y
Equity Incentive Plan 2016
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Aggregated number of shares in stock options		264,000
Common stock available under incentive plan		4,560
Incentive stock options granted		$ 100,000
2021 Plan
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Aggregate number of shares of the Company's common stock available for issuance		356,058
Number of stock options granted		267,043
Common stock available under incentive plan		10,600
2021 Plan \| Maximum
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Vesting period	5 years
2021 Plan \| Minimum
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Vesting period	1 year
Employee Stock Option
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Vesting period		3 years 8 months 23 days
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised				$ 0	$ 0
Compensation expense		$ 75,000	$ 82,000
Unrecognized compensation expenses related to nonvested stock options		1,100,000
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		0	0
Tax benefit from the exercise of stock options		$ 0	0
Employee Stock Option \| Equity Incentive Plan 2016
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Aggregated number of shares in stock options		198,000
Common stock available under incentive plan		3,060
Employee Stock Option \| 2021 Plan
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Common stock available under incentive plan		6,010
Restricted stock
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Number of restricted shares granted	19,475	19,475
Compensation expense		$ 97,000	$ 103,000
Unrecognized compensation expenses related to nonvested stock options		$ 1,200,000
weighted average period of compensation expense (in years)		3 years 7 months 6 days
Restricted shares vested		16,158	16,408
Fair value of restricted shares		$ 244,000	$ 369,000
Restricted stock \| Maximum
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Vesting period		5 years
Restricted stock \| Minimum
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Vesting period		1 year
Restricted stock \| Equity Incentive Plan 2016
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Aggregated number of shares in stock options		66,000
Common stock available under incentive plan		1,500
Restricted stock \| 2021 Plan
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Number of restricted shares granted		89,015
Common stock available under incentive plan		4,590
Stock options
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Number of stock options granted	62,983
Stock options \| Restricted stock
Stock Based Compensation Plans
Number of equity incentive plans		3

Derivative Financial Instrume_3

Derivative Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Financial Instruments
Notional Amount	$ 0	$ 133,040
Asset Derivatives		923
Liability Derivatives		196
Interest rate lock commitments
Derivative Financial Instruments
Notional Amount		67,040
Asset Derivatives		452
Liability Derivatives		184
Forward mortgage loan sale contracts
Derivative Financial Instruments
Notional Amount		66,000
Asset Derivatives		471
Liability Derivatives		$ 12

Derivative Financial Instrume_4

Derivative Financial Instruments - Income (loss) related to derivative financial instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Financial Instruments
Income (loss) related to derivative financial instruments	$ 86	$ 54
Interest rate lock commitments
Derivative Financial Instruments
Income (loss) related to derivative financial instruments	(268)	599
Forward mortgage loan sale contracts
Derivative Financial Instruments
Income (loss) related to derivative financial instruments	$ 354	$ (545)

Derivative Financial Instrume_5

Derivative Financial Instruments - Additional information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Financial Instruments
Cash collateral derivative counterparty obligations	$ 0	$ 1.5

Regulatory Capital (Details)

Regulatory Capital (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Consolidated
Regulatory Capital
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Actual Amount	$ 231,709	$ 230,735
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Amount	169,080	165,391
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Amount	169,080	165,391
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Actual Amount	$ 169,080	$ 165,391
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Actual Ratio	0.1212	0.1147
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Ratio	0.0884	0.0822
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Ratio	0.0884%	0.0822%
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Actual Ratio	0.0725	0.0724
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	$ 153,002	$ 160,965
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	114,752	120,724
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	86,064	90,543
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	$ 93,254	$ 91,375
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.0800	0.0800
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.0600	0.0600
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.045%	0.045%
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.0400	0.0400
Bank
Regulatory Capital
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Actual Amount	$ 228,941	$ 226,461
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Amount	210,796	209,561
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Amount	210,796	209,561
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Actual Amount	$ 210,796	$ 209,561
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Actual Ratio	0.1197	0.1127
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Ratio	0.1102	0.1042
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Actual Ratio	0.1102%	0.1042%
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Actual Ratio	0.0905	0.0917
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	$ 152,983	$ 160,822
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	114,737	120,616
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	86,053	90,462
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Amount	$ 93,219	$ 91,406
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.0800	0.0800
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.0600	0.0600
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.045%	0.045%
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes Ratio	0.0400	0.0400
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Amount	$ 191,229	$ 201,027
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Amount	152,983	160,822
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Amount	124,299	130,668
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Amount	$ 116,523	$ 114,259
Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Ratio	0.1000	0.1000
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Ratio	0.0800	0.0800
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Ratio	0.065%	0.065%
Tier 1 capital (to average adjusted total assets) Minimum To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions Ratio	0.0500	0.0500

Regulatory Capital - Additional

Regulatory Capital - Additional information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Regulatory Capital
Percentage of capital conservation buffer	2.50%	2.50%
Maximum amount to attain consolidated capital requirements	$ 3,000,000
Amount deducted from capital for interest rate risk	$ 0

Recent Accounting Pronounceme_3

Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Details) - Cumulative effect period of adoption adjustment member - ASU 2016-02	Oct. 01, 2023 USD ($)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Net of tax decrease to retained earnings	$ 2,500,000
Increase in allowance for credit losses	1,400,000
Increase in allowance for credit losses for unfunded commitments	1,900,000
Increase in deferred tax assets	$ 859,000

Recent Accounting Pronounceme_4

Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Impact of adopting ASC 326 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Oct. 01, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				$ 16,080	$ 15,360
Liabilities
Allowance for credit losses on off balance sheet credit exposures	$ 1,882		$ 0
Residential real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				3,100	2,716
Commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				1,751	1,590
Single tenant net lease
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				3,804	3,838
SBA commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				2,398	2,578
Multifamily
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				252	251
Residential construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				367	305
Commercial construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				83	107
Land and land development
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				200	212
Commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				1,255	1,193
SBA commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				2,338	2,122
Consumer
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans				$ 532	$ 448
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		$ 18,329
Net deferred tax assets		19,817
Liabilities
Allowance for credit losses on off balance sheet credit exposures		1,940
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Residential real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		5,678
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		2,032
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Single tenant net lease
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		4,032
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| SBA commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		2,433
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Multifamily
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		247
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Residential construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		208
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Commercial construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		325
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Land and land development
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		233
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,219
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| SBA commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,407
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| As Reported under ASC 326 \| Consumer
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		515
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		16,900
Net deferred tax assets		18,859
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Residential real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		4,641
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,777
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Single tenant net lease
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		3,810
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| SBA commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,922
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Multifamily
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		268
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Residential construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		434
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Commercial construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		282
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Land and land development
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		307
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,714
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| SBA commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,247
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Pre-ASC 326 \| Consumer
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		498
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,429
Net deferred tax assets		859
Liabilities
Allowance for credit losses on off balance sheet credit exposures		1,940
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Residential real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		1,037
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		255
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Single tenant net lease
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		222
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| SBA commercial real estate
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		511
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Multifamily
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(21)
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Residential construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(226)
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Commercial construction
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		43
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Land and land development
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(74)
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		(495)
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| SBA commercial business
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		160
Accounting Standards Update 2022-02 (ASC 326) \| Impact of ASC 326 Adoption \| Consumer
Allowance for credit losses ("ACL") on loans
Allowance for credit losses on loans		$ 17

Segment Reporting (Details)

Segment Reporting (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Segment Reporting (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
SEGMENT REPORTING
Number of operating segments \| segment	3
Net interest income (loss)	$ 14,113	$ 16,261
Provision (credit) for credit losses	412	984
Net interest income after provision (credit)	13,701	15,277
Net gains on sales of loans, SBA	834	775
Mortgage banking income (loss)	89	2,496
Noninterest income	2,782	5,188
Noninterest expense	16,039	17,511
Income (loss) before taxes	444	2,954
Income tax expense (benefit)	(476)	83
Segment profit (loss)	920	2,871
Non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization	608	633
Segment assets	2,308,092	2,196,919	$ 2,288,854
Core Banking
SEGMENT REPORTING
Net interest income (loss)	13,113	15,008
Provision (credit) for credit losses	(49)	701
Net interest income after provision (credit)	13,162	14,307
Mortgage banking income (loss)	11	(10)
Noninterest income	1,679	1,928
Noninterest expense	10,252	9,797
Income (loss) before taxes	4,589	6,438
Income tax expense (benefit)	541	946
Segment profit (loss)	4,048	5,492
Non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization	593	601
Segment assets	2,214,573	2,005,780
SBA Lending
SEGMENT REPORTING
Net interest income (loss)	1,003	995
Provision (credit) for credit losses	461	283
Net interest income after provision (credit)	542	712
Net gains on sales of loans, SBA	834	775
Noninterest income	1,003	754
Noninterest expense	2,146	1,924
Income (loss) before taxes	(601)	(458)
Income tax expense (benefit)	(131)	(107)
Segment profit (loss)	(470)	(351)
Non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization	2	5
Segment assets	87,429	100,304
Mortgage Banking
SEGMENT REPORTING
Net interest income (loss)	(3)	258
Net interest income after provision (credit)	(3)	258
Mortgage banking income (loss)	78	2,506
Noninterest income	100	2,506
Noninterest expense	3,641	5,790
Income (loss) before taxes	(3,544)	(3,026)
Income tax expense (benefit)	(886)	(756)
Segment profit (loss)	(2,658)	(2,270)
Non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization	13	27
Segment assets	$ 6,090	$ 90,835

Revenue from Contracts with C_3

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 1,169	$ 1,450
Gain on sale of SBA loans	834	775
Mortgage banking income	89	2,496
Increase in cash value of life insurance	329	225
Real estate lease income	115	117
Loan servicing and other income	246	125
Other noninterest income	1,613	3,738
Total noninterest income	2,782	5,188
Service charges on deposit accounts
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenue from contracts with customers	473	558
ATM and interchange fees
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenue from contracts with customers	449	739
Commission income
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenue from contracts with customers	222	128
Other
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 25	$ 25

Mortgage Banking Income (Detail

Mortgage Banking Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Mortgage Banking Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Mortgage Banking Income
Origination and sale of mortgage loans	$ (211)	$ 732
Mortgage brokerage income	30	43
Net change in fair value of loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments	(1,297)	1,267
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) from Forward sales commitments	354	(545)
Capitalized residential mortgage loan servicing rights	509	142
Net change in fair value of residential mortgage loan servicing rights	(803)	(1,240)
Provisions for loan repurchases and indemnifications	1,451	(328)
Net loan servicing income	56	2,425
Total mortgage banking income	$ 89	$ 2,496

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Dec. 31, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement	During the three months ended December 31, 2023, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted terminated
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false