Mortgage-Backed Securities | Mortgage-Backed Securities The following tables summarize our MBS portfolio by asset type as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. March 31, 2023 $ in thousands Principal/ Notional Unamortized Amortized Unrealized Fair Period- end Weighted Average Yield (1) 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS 5,356,642 (157,394) 5,199,248 121,694 5,320,942 5.15 % Agency-CMO (2) 608,132 (527,420) 80,712 546 81,258 9.74 % Non-Agency CMBS 38,652 (1,181) 37,471 (847) 36,624 8.35 % Non-Agency RMBS (3)(4)(5) 301,262 (293,407) 7,855 464 8,319 8.05 % Total 6,304,688 (979,402) 5,325,286 121,857 5,447,143 5.24 % (1) Period-end weighted average yield is based on amortized cost as of March 31, 2023 and incorporates future prepayment and loss assumptions when appropriate. (2) All Agency collateralized mortgage obligations (“Agency-CMO”) are interest-only securities (“Agency IO”). (3) Non-Agency RMBS is 69.1% fixed rate, 30.1% variable rate, and 0.8% floating rate based on fair value. Coupon payments on variable rate investments are based upon changes in the underlying hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage (“ARM”) loan coupons, while coupon payments on floating rate investments are based upon a spread to a reference index. (4) Of the total discount in non-Agency RMBS, $2.1 million is non-accretable calculated using the principal/notional balance and based on estimated future cash flows of the securities. (5) Non-Agency RMBS includes interest-only securities ("non-Agency IO") which represent 97.1% of principal/notional balance, 40.5% of amortized cost and 34.8% of fair value. December 31, 2022 $ in thousands Principal/Notional Unamortized Amortized Unrealized Fair Period- end Weighted Average Yield (1) 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS 4,722,768 (115,365) 4,607,403 54,334 4,661,737 5.26 % Agency-CMO (2) 619,069 (536,376) 82,693 2,263 84,956 9.09 % Non-Agency CMBS 38,652 (1,472) 37,180 (393) 36,787 8.35 % Non-Agency RMBS (3)(4)(5) 307,016 (299,012) 8,004 409 8,413 8.33 % Total 5,687,505 (952,225) 4,735,280 56,613 4,791,893 5.35 % (1) Period-end weighted average yield is based on amortized cost as of December 31, 2022 and incorporates future prepayment and loss assumptions when appropriate. (2) All Agency-CMO are Agency IO. (3) Non-Agency RMBS is 68.6% fixed rate, 30.6% variable rate and 0.8% floating rate based on fair value. Coupon payments on variable rate investments are based upon changes in the underlying hybrid ARM loan coupons, while coupon payments on floating rate investments are based upon a spread to a reference index. (4) Of the total discount in non-Agency RMBS, $2.1 million is non-accretable calculated using the principal/notional balance and based on estimated future cash flows of the securities. (5) Non-Agency RMBS includes non-Agency IO which represent 97.1% of principal/notional balance, 41.6% of amortized cost and 35.3% of fair value. The following table presents the fair value of our available-for-sale securities and securities accounted for under the fair value option by asset type as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. We have elected the fair value option for all of our RMBS interest-only securities and our MBS purchased on or after September 1, 2016. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately 99% of our MBS was accounted for under the fair value option. March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ in thousands Available-for-sale Securities Securities under Fair Value Option Total Available-for-sale Securities Securities under Fair Value Option Total 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS — 5,320,942 5,320,942 — 4,661,737 4,661,737 Agency-CMO — 81,258 81,258 — 84,956 84,956 Non-Agency CMBS 36,624 — 36,624 36,787 — 36,787 Non-Agency RMBS 5,638 2,681 8,319 5,667 2,746 8,413 Total 42,262 5,404,881 5,447,143 42,454 4,749,439 4,791,893 The components of the carrying value of our MBS portfolio at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are presented below. Accrued interest receivable on our MBS portfolio, which is recorded within investment related receivable on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, was $23.2 million as of March 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022: $21.3 million). March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ in thousands MBS Interest-Only Securities Total MBS Interest-Only Securities Total Principal/notional balance 5,404,033 900,655 6,304,688 4,770,175 917,330 5,687,505 Unamortized premium 5,072 — 5,072 5,195 — 5,195 Unamortized discount (167,711) (816,763) (984,474) (126,112) (831,308) (957,420) Gross unrealized gains (1) 122,940 3,971 126,911 62,245 4,605 66,850 Gross unrealized losses (1) (1,348) (3,706) (5,054) (7,535) (2,702) (10,237) Fair value 5,362,986 84,157 5,447,143 4,703,968 87,925 4,791,893 (1) Gross unrealized gains and losses includes gains (losses) recognized in net income for securities accounted for under the fair value option as well as gains (losses) for available-for-sale securities which are recognized as adjustments to other comprehensive income. Realization occurs upon sale or settlement of such securities. Further detail on the components of our total gains (losses) on investments, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is provided below in this Note 4. The following table summarizes our MBS portfolio according to estimated weighted average life classifications as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 . $ in thousands March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Less than one year 26,452 26,593 Greater than one year and less than five years 10,477 10,194 Greater than or equal to five years 5,410,214 4,755,106 Total 5,447,143 4,791,893 The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of our MBS by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. March 31, 2023 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total $ in thousands Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS (1) 244,788 (471) 3 — — — 244,788 (471) 3 Agency-CMO (1) 45,111 (1,959) 9 7,270 (1,259) 2 52,381 (3,218) 11 Non-Agency CMBS (2) 36,623 (847) 3 — — — 36,623 (847) 3 Non-Agency RMBS (3) 437 (30) 3 1,387 (488) 9 1,824 (518) 12 Total 326,959 (3,307) 18 8,657 (1,747) 11 335,616 (5,054) 29 (1) Fair value option has been elected for all Agency securities in an unrealized loss position. (2) Unrealized losses on non-Agency CMBS are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. These losses are not reflected in an allowance for credit losses based on a comparison of discounted expected cash flows to current amortized cost basis. (3) Includes non-Agency IO with a fair value of $1.4 million for which the fair value option has been elected. Such securities have unrealized losses of $488,000. December 31, 2022 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total $ in thousands Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS (1) 929,292 (7,060) 7 — — — 929,292 (7,060) 7 Agency-CMO (1) 25,417 (1,645) 6 2,934 (496) 1 28,351 (2,141) 7 Non-Agency CMBS (2) 26,592 (439) 2 — — — 26,592 (439) 2 Non-Agency RMBS (3) 349 (36) 2 1,411 (561) 9 1,760 (597) 11 Total 981,650 (9,180) 17 4,345 (1,057) 10 985,995 (10,237) 27 (1) Fair value option has been elected for all Agency securities in an unrealized loss position. (2) Unrealized losses on non-Agency CMBS are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. These losses are not reflected in an allowance for credit losses based on a comparison of discounted expected cash flows to current amortized cost basis. (3) Includes non-Agency IO with a fair value of $1.4 million for which the fair value option has been elected. Such securities have unrealized losses of $561,000. The following table summarizes the components of our total gain (loss) on investments, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Three Months Ended March 31, $ in thousands 2023 2022 Gross realized gains on sale of MBS 5,363 — Gross realized losses on sale of MBS (19,128) (318,970) Net unrealized gains (losses) on MBS accounted for under the fair value option 65,721 (165,467) Net unrealized gains (losses) on commercial loan — (124) Net unrealized gains (losses) on U.S. Treasury securities — (19,827) Total gain (loss) on investments, net 51,956 (504,388) The following tables present components of interest income recognized on our mortgage-backed and other securities portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 $ in thousands Coupon Net (Premium Interest Agency RMBS 67,483 14 67,497 Non-Agency CMBS 475 291 766 Non-Agency RMBS 290 (134) 156 Other 868 — 868 Total 69,116 171 69,287 For the three months ended March 31, 2022 $ in thousands Coupon Net (Premium Interest Agency RMBS 46,598 (6,928) 39,670 Non-Agency CMBS 737 503 1,240 Non-Agency RMBS 330 (151) 179 U.S. Treasury Securities 560 (16) 544 Other 4 — 4 Total 48,229 (6,592) 41,637 |