Mortgage-Backed Securities | Mortgage-Backed Securities The following tables summarize our MBS portfolio by asset type as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. As of June 30, 2023 $ in thousands Principal/ Notional Unamortized Amortized Allowance for Credit Losses Unrealized Fair Period- end Weighted Average Yield (1) 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS 5,521,614 (170,891) 5,350,723 — 33,274 5,383,997 5.14 % Agency-CMO (2) 596,770 (518,048) 78,722 — (245) 78,477 9.60 % Non-Agency CMBS 38,652 (885) 37,767 (169) (868) 36,730 8.52 % Non-Agency RMBS (3)(4)(5) 291,613 (283,897) 7,716 — 540 8,256 8.41 % Total 6,448,649 (973,721) 5,474,928 (169) 32,701 5,507,460 5.24 % (1) Period-end weighted average yield is based on amortized cost as of June 30, 2023 and incorporates future prepayment and loss assumptions when appropriate. (2) All Agency collateralized mortgage obligations (“Agency-CMO”) are interest-only securities (“Agency IO”). (3) Non-Agency RMBS is 68.0% fixed rate, 31.2% variable rate, and 0.8% floating rate based on fair value. Coupon payments on variable rate investments are based upon changes in the underlying hybrid adjustable-rate mortgage (“ARM”) loan coupons, while coupon payments on floating rate investments are based upon a spread to a reference index. (4) Of the total discount in non-Agency RMBS, $2.1 million is non-accretable calculated using the principal/notional balance and based on estimated future cash flows of the securities. (5) Non-Agency RMBS includes interest-only securities ("non-Agency IO") which represent 97.0% of principal/notional balance, 39.3% of amortized cost and 33.4% of fair value. As of December 31, 2022 $ in thousands Principal/Notional Unamortized Amortized Unrealized Fair Period- end Weighted Average Yield (1) 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS 4,722,768 (115,365) 4,607,403 54,334 4,661,737 5.26 % Agency-CMO (2) 619,069 (536,376) 82,693 2,263 84,956 9.09 % Non-Agency CMBS 38,652 (1,472) 37,180 (393) 36,787 8.35 % Non-Agency RMBS (3)(4)(5) 307,016 (299,012) 8,004 409 8,413 8.33 % Total 5,687,505 (952,225) 4,735,280 56,613 4,791,893 5.35 % (1) Period-end weighted average yield is based on amortized cost as of December 31, 2022 and incorporates future prepayment and loss assumptions when appropriate. (2) All Agency-CMO are Agency IO. (3) Non-Agency RMBS is 68.6% fixed rate, 30.6% variable rate and 0.8% floating rate based on fair value. Coupon payments on variable rate investments are based upon changes in the underlying hybrid ARM loan coupons, while coupon payments on floating rate investments are based upon a spread to a reference index. (4) Of the total discount in non-Agency RMBS, $2.1 million is non-accretable calculated using the principal/notional balance and based on estimated future cash flows of the securities. (5) Non-Agency RMBS includes non-Agency IO which represent 97.1% of principal/notional balance, 41.6% of amortized cost and 35.3% of fair value. The following table presents the fair value of our available-for-sale securities and securities accounted for under the fair value option by asset type as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. We have elected the fair value option for all of our RMBS interest-only securities and our MBS purchased on or after September 1, 2016. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately 99% of our MBS was accounted for under the fair value option. As of June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ in thousands Available-for-sale Securities Securities under Fair Value Option Total Available-for-sale Securities Securities under Fair Value Option Total 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS — 5,383,997 5,383,997 — 4,661,737 4,661,737 Agency-CMO — 78,477 78,477 — 84,956 84,956 Non-Agency CMBS 36,730 — 36,730 36,787 — 36,787 Non-Agency RMBS 5,703 2,553 8,256 5,667 2,746 8,413 Total 42,433 5,465,027 5,507,460 42,454 4,749,439 4,791,893 The components of the carrying value of our MBS portfolio as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are presented below. Accrued interest receivable on our MBS portfolio, which is recorded within investment related receivable on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, was $23.8 million as of June 30, 2023 (December 31, 2022: $21.3 million). As of June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ in thousands MBS Interest-Only Securities Total MBS Interest-Only Securities Total Principal/notional balance 5,568,991 879,658 6,448,649 4,770,175 917,330 5,687,505 Unamortized premium 2,674 — 2,674 5,195 — 5,195 Unamortized discount (178,489) (797,906) (976,395) (126,112) (831,308) (957,420) Allowance for credit losses (169) — (169) — — — Gross unrealized gains (1) 43,706 3,272 46,978 62,245 4,605 66,850 Gross unrealized losses (1) (10,492) (3,785) (14,277) (7,535) (2,702) (10,237) Fair value 5,426,221 81,239 5,507,460 4,703,968 87,925 4,791,893 (1) Gross unrealized gains and losses includes gains (losses) recognized in net income for securities accounted for under the fair value option as well as gains (losses) for available-for-sale securities which are recognized as adjustments to other comprehensive income. Realization occurs upon sale or settlement of such securities. Further detail on the components of our total gains (losses) on investments, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is provided below in this Note 4. The following table summarizes our MBS portfolio according to estimated weighted average life classifications as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 . As of $ in thousands June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Less than one year 26,717 26,593 Greater than one year and less than five years 10,014 10,194 Greater than or equal to five years 5,470,729 4,755,106 Total 5,507,460 4,791,893 The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of our MBS by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. As of June 30, 2023 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total $ in thousands Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS (1) 1,849,796 (9,597) 17 — — — 1,849,796 (9,597) 17 Agency-CMO (1) 42,147 (1,617) 8 8,773 (1,702) 3 50,920 (3,319) 11 Non-Agency CMBS (2) 36,730 (868) 3 — — — 36,730 (868) 3 Non-Agency RMBS (3) — — — 1,600 (493) 10 1,600 (493) 10 Total 1,928,673 (12,082) 28 10,373 (2,195) 13 1,939,046 (14,277) 41 (1) Fair value option has been elected for all Agency securities in an unrealized loss position. (2) Unrealized losses on non-Agency CMBS are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. These losses are not reflected in an allowance for credit losses based on a comparison of discounted expected cash flows to current amortized cost basis. (3) Includes non-Agency IO with a fair value of $1.3 million for which the fair value option has been elected. Such securities have unrealized losses of $466,000. As of December 31, 2022 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total $ in thousands Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number Fair Unrealized Number 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS (1) 929,292 (7,060) 7 — — — 929,292 (7,060) 7 Agency-CMO (1) 25,417 (1,645) 6 2,934 (496) 1 28,351 (2,141) 7 Non-Agency CMBS (2) 26,592 (439) 2 — — — 26,592 (439) 2 Non-Agency RMBS (3) 349 (36) 2 1,411 (561) 9 1,760 (597) 11 Total 981,650 (9,180) 17 4,345 (1,057) 10 985,995 (10,237) 27 (1) Fair value option has been elected for all Agency securities in an unrealized loss position. (2) Unrealized losses on non-Agency CMBS are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. These losses are not reflected in an allowance for credit losses based on a comparison of discounted expected cash flows to current amortized cost basis. (3) Includes non-Agency IO with a fair value of $1.4 million for which the fair value option has been elected. Such securities have unrealized losses of $561,000. We recorded a $169,000 provision for credit losses on a single non-Agency CMBS during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. We did not record any provisions for credit losses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The following table presents a roll-forward of our allowance for credit losses. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, $ in thousands 2023 2023 Beginning allowance for credit losses — — Additions to the allowance for credit losses on securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded (169) (169) Ending allowance for credit losses (169) (169) The following table summarizes the components of our total gain (loss) on investments, net for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, $ in thousands 2023 2022 2023 2022 Gross realized gains on sale of MBS — 5,348 5,363 5,348 Gross realized losses on sale of MBS (10,484) (540,404) (29,612) (859,374) Net unrealized gains (losses) on MBS accounted for under the fair value option (89,195) 224,464 (23,474) 58,997 Net unrealized gains (losses) on commercial loan — 87 — (37) Net unrealized gains (losses) on U.S. Treasury securities — 19,827 — — Net realized gains (losses) on U.S. Treasury securities — (34,198) — (34,198) Total gain (loss) on investments, net (99,679) (324,876) (47,723) (829,264) The following tables present components of interest income recognized on our mortgage-backed and other securities portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 $ in thousands Coupon Net (Premium Interest Agency RMBS 68,570 1,138 69,708 Non-Agency CMBS 491 296 787 Non-Agency RMBS 288 (125) 163 Other 770 — 770 Total 70,119 1,309 71,428 For the three months ended June 30, 2022 $ in thousands Coupon Net (Premium Interest Agency RMBS 40,927 422 41,349 Non-Agency CMBS 668 509 1,177 Non-Agency RMBS 310 (132) 178 U.S. Treasury Securities 1,213 (25) 1,188 Other 102 — 102 Total 43,220 774 43,994 For the six months ended June 30, 2023 $ in thousands Coupon Net (Premium Interest Agency RMBS 136,053 1,152 137,205 Non-Agency CMBS 966 587 1,553 Non-Agency RMBS 578 (259) 319 Other 1,638 — 1,638 Total 139,235 1,480 140,715 For the six months ended June 30, 2022 $ in thousands Coupon Net (Premium Interest Agency RMBS 87,525 (6,506) 81,019 Non-Agency CMBS 1,405 1,012 2,417 Non-Agency RMBS 640 (283) 357 U.S. Treasury Securities 1,773 (41) 1,732 Other 106 — 106 Total 91,449 (5,818) 85,631 |